Additive bias
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Additive bias is the tendency that prompts solving problems from a wrong or non expected way. Anthony Sanni said, "It can be examplified by a person who works a project through addition even when subtraction is a better approach."[1]
It is a cognitive urge/ tendency of human beings facing problem that they add resources instaed of taking or substracting. According to Keith Holyoak, "Humans seeks to strengthen an argument or a manager seeks to encourage desired behaviour, thus requires a mental search for possible changes.[2]
History
Addictive bias as a concept he really refers to the tendency of an individual to develop addictive behaviour to certain objects like getting addicted to drugs and others.[3] In a research by B. F. Skinner, the bias can be influenced by various objects and factors ranging from genetics, environment, and way of living- culture.[4] Additive Bias although wasn't provided with external researches but was a broad psychological topic in the world. In 20th century, Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist was the first to explore the psychoanalytic perspective on addiction and it's purposes. Hence, his work and researches pioneered and laid the foundation of understanding psychological roots of addictive behaviors.[3]
In the mid of the 20th century, B. F. Skinner's experiments with operant conditioning shed light on how behaviors of animals which including addictive ones were. It was rewarded and served as an advancement to addiction research especially with the rise of behavioral psychology.
In the latter part of the 20th century, neuroscientific researches gave birth to the biological underpinnings of addiction, revealing how substances especially drugs and alcohol can destroy the brain's reward circuitry.[5] This understanding contributed to the development of pharmacological treatments for addiction.
In the 21st century since the advent of technology and the internet, the concept of addictive bias has extended to behaviors such as internet addiction, gaming addiction, and social media addiction.[6][7] Researches seems to had focused on elucidating the psychological and neurological mechanisms underlying these modern forms of addiction.[8]
Example and analysis
See also
References
- ^ Anthony Sanni. "Additive Bias and how it could be affecting your productivity". Productivity Personal Development. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
- ^ Holyoak, K. J. (1984). Sternberg, R. J. (ed.). Advances in the Psychology of Human Intelligence. Vol. 2. Erlbaum. pp. 199–230.
- ^ a b Sigmund, Freud (1915). "Mourning and Melancholia: Understanding the Psychological Roots". pepweb.org.
- ^ Ineichen, Hans (1975). Erkenntnistheorie Und Geschichtlich-Gesellschaftliche Welt : Diltheys Logik Der Geisteswissenschaften. Frankfurt, Germany: Vittorio Klostermann. ISBN 9783465011231.
- ^ Leshner, Alan (1997). "Addiction Is a Brain Disease, and It Matters". Science. 278 (45): 45–47. doi:10.1126/science.278.5335.45. PMID 9311924.
- ^ Griffiths, Mark; Szabo, Attila (2013). "Is excessive online usage a function of medium or activity? An empirical pilot study". Journal of Behavioral Addictions. 3 (1): 74–77. doi:10.1556/JBA.2.2013.016. PMC 4117278. PMID 25215216.
- ^ Daria J. Kuss; Mark D. Griffiths (2012). "Internet and Gaming Addiction: A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroimaging Studies". Brain Sci. 2 (3): 347–374. doi:10.3390/brainsci2030347. PMC 4061797. PMID 24961198.
- ^ N. D. Volkow; R. D. Baler (2014). "Addiction Science: Uncovering Neurobiological Complexity". Neuropharmacology. 76: 235–249. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.05.007. PMC 3818510. PMID 23688927.
Further reading
- Hales, A.H.; Converse, B.A.; Adams, G.S. (2021). "People systematically overlook subtractive changes". Nature. 592 (7853): 258–261. Bibcode:2021Natur.592..258A. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03380-y. PMID 33828317. S2CID 233185662.
- Dilip Kumar; S. Maheswaran (2014). "Modeling and forecasting the additive bias corrected extreme value volatility estimator". International Review of Financial Analysis. 34: 166–176. doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2014.06.002.