Draft:Odin (programming language)

• Comment: None of the sources used are reliable and/or independent and nothing suggests this can meet the notability guidelines. S0091 (talk) 19:34, 15 August 2023 (UTC)

• Comment: of 9 refs 6 are from odin website, and 2 are youtube videos Artem.G (talk) 18:35, 21 November 2021 (UTC)

---

Odin

Paradigms	imperative, procedural
Designed by	Ginger Bill
First appeared	July 7, 2016 (2016-07-07)
Stable release	dev-2023-11
Typing discipline	Static, strong, inferred, nominal, structural, generic
Platform	x86-64, ARM/ARM64, WebAssembly
OS	Cross-platform
License	3-clause BSD.
Filename extensions	.odin
Website	odin-lang.org
Influenced by
Pascal, C, Go, Oberon-2, Newsqueak, Jai, GLSL

Odin is an imperative, general-purpose, compiled and statically typed system programming language designed by Ginger Bill.

Odin is designed to be an alternative to the C programming language and achieve "high performance" on "modern systems", with features like compile-time parametric polymorphism, array programming, and runtime reflection.

Syntax and features

Odin's syntax is similar to that of Go and Jai. The following is a simple example program written in Odin:

package main

import "core:fmt"

main :: proc() {
	program := "+ + * 😃 - /"
	accumulator := 0

	for token in program {
		switch token {
		case '+': accumulator += 1
		case '-': accumulator -= 1
		case '*': accumulator *= 2
		case '/': accumulator /= 2
		case '😃': accumulator *= accumulator
		case: // Ignore everything else
		}
	}

	fmt.printf("The program \"%s\" calculates the value %d\n",
	           program, accumulator)
}

Explicit procedure overloading

Odin has procedure overloading, but unlike C++ the overloads have to be specified explicitly.

bool_to_string :: proc(b: bool) -> string {...}
int_to_string  :: proc(i: int)  -> string {...}

// "to_string" is will call either "bool_to_string" or "int_to_string" depending on type.
to_string :: proc{bool_to_string, int_to_string}

Array programming

Odin provides array programming, enabling arithmetics on array elements:

a := [3]f32{ 1, 2, 3 }
b := [3]f32{ 5, 6, 7 }
c := a * b
d := a + b
e := 1 + (c - d) / 2
fmt.printf("%.1f\n", e) // [0.5, 3.0, 6.5]

The language also features "swizzling" of arrays, similar to the operation in shader languages like GLSL.

// Declaring type Vector to be the same as array of 3 f32's.
Vector3 :: [3]f32

// Cross product using swizzle function
cross :: proc(a, b: Vector3) -> Vector3 {
	i := swizzle(a, 1, 2, 0) * swizzle(b, 2, 0, 1)
	j := swizzle(a, 2, 0, 1) * swizzle(b, 1, 2, 0)
	return i - j
}

// Cross product using shorter swizzle notation
cross_shorter :: proc(a, b: Vector3) -> Vector3 {
	i := a.yzx * b.zxy
	j := a.zxy * b.yzx
	return i - j
}

Matrix support

A matrix is a mathematical type built into Odin.. It is a regular array of numbers, arranged in rows and columns. Odin's matrix support allows for matrix-array and matrix-matrix operations making it a Level 3 Basic Linear Algebra Subprograming language.

a: matrix[2, 3]f32 // matrix that has 2 rows and 3 columns with an element type of f32
b: matrix[3, 2]f32 // matrix that has 3 rows and 2 columns with an element type of f32
v: [2]f32          // array that has 2 elements with an element type of f32

a = matrix[2, 3]f32{
	1, 9, -13,
	20, 5, -6,
}
b = matrix[3, 2]f32{
	3, 5,
    7, 9,
}
v = [2]f32{2, -4}

m  := a * b // matrix-matrix multiplication
vp := m * v // matrix-array multiplication

The internal representation of a matrix in Odin is stored in column-major format while the matrix literals are written in standard (row-major like) order (e.g. matrix[2, 3]f32 is internally [3][2]f32 (with different a alignment requirement)). Column-major is used in order to utilize (SIMD) vector instructions effectively on modern hardware, if possible.

Notable software built with Odin

• EmberGen, a real-time volumetric fluid simulator by JangaFX

See also

• Pascal
• C
• Go
• Newsqueak
• Array Programming
• Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS)
• SIMD

External links

• Official website
• Odin at Handmade Network

Category:Programming languages Category:Cross-platform free software Category:Cross-platform software Category:Free compilers and interpreters Category:Programming languages created in 2016 Category:Statically typed programming languages Category:Systems programming languages