Job (computing)

For other uses, see Job (Unix) and Job stream.

In computing, a job is a unit of work or unit of execution (that performs said work). A component of a job (as a unit of work) is called a task or a step (if sequential, as in a job stream). As a unit of execution, a job may be concretely identified with a single process, which may in turn have subprocesses (child processes; the process corresponding to the job being the parent process) which perform the tasks or steps that comprise the work of the job; or with a process group; or with an abstract reference to a process or process group, as in Unix job control.

Jobs can be started interactively, such as from a command line, or scheduled for non-interactive execution by a job scheduler, and then controlled via automatic or manual job control. Jobs that have finite input can complete, successfully or unsuccessfully, or fail to complete and eventually be terminated. By contrast, online processing such as by servers has open-ended input (they service requests as long as they run), and thus never complete, only stopping when terminated (sometimes called "canceled"): a server's job is never done.

How to Find a Prepackaged Software Development Job :

• Use online job search engines. Search for keywords such as “software development,” “software engineering,” or “web development.”

• Check out job boards and classifieds websites. These websites allow you to post your resume and see if any companies are interested in hiring prepackaged software development professionals.

• Contact companies directly. Inform them of your experience and ask if they are looking for prepackaged software development professionals.

• Attend meetups and conferences related to prepackaged software development. This will allow you to network with potential employers and learn more about their needs.

Best Paying Jobs in Prepackaged Software:

The information technology sector is home to many well-paying and prestigious employment opportunities.

And as a result of the rapid rate at which things are changing on online platforms and the progression of technology, many traditional recruiting organizations are rebranding themselves as IT recruitment agencies.

Therefore, this indicates that job seekers have an unlimited number of chances available to them as recruiters are consistently sourcing and outsourcing information technology specialists for manufacturing organizations that produce capital goods, durable products, and nondurable goods.

For instance, in the modern world, data is everything, and no one does it better than a data scientist in terms of giving precise data for companies to use to make informed judgments.

The following are some of the most important experts working in the computer software pre-packaged sector, with an annual salary floor of no less than $95,000 for its employees.

1. System Engineer:

Systems engineers are responsible for designing and implementing networked computer systems such as intranets.

An intranet is a private network contained within an enterprise and is used to securely share company information and computing resources among employees.

Systems engineers are responsible for the design and implementation of such systems.

A system engineer is responsible for the planning, installation, and configuration of hardware, and they may also collaborate with software developers.

In addition to this, they offer users ongoing maintenance and support from a technological standpoint.

You need to have a bachelor’s degree in information technology, computer science, or a closely connected field to be eligible for this position.

The national average for a system engineer’s salary in the United States is $122,054 per year.

2. Full-stack developer:

“Full-stack” developers are knowledgeable in both front-end and back-end development. They make both the back-end and front-end code for websites and the designs that make them look good.

Full-stack developers are not scarce, but companies sometimes prefer two separate people to work together for the company’s visual and front-end design and back-end application coding needs.

In addition to this, they are also responsible for making mobile apps to go with the websites they make. A full-stack developer needs to have experience in all major programming languages required to build a full-stack web application.

As one of the best-paying jobs in Computer Software Prepackaged Software, the pay range is usually between $83,532 and $110,619, but it can vary depending on factors like education level, certifications, extra skills, and time spent working in the field.

3. Software engineer:

Software engineers are in charge of developing, manufacturing and deploying various software applications for businesses and individuals.

They create software programs depending on the organization’s needs and establish an API point through which all the applications can communicate with each other effectively.

Mobile applications, web applications, desktop applications, and content management systems (CMS) are some examples of other types of applications.

Software engineers work with application testers and get feedback to ensure they work perfectly before deploying them to end users.

You need a degree in software engineering or development, information technology, or computer programming to work in this position for any company that sells prepackaged computer software.

4. Cyber Security or Information Technology Security Expert:

IT security specialists, who may also be known as web or cyber security experts, are tasked with collaborating with businesses to develop best practices for ensuring cybersecurity in the company’s software applications and communication channels.

Typically, they investigate, test, and analyze security concerns; look for security breaches, and maintain the system against cyber attacks by installing security measures inside the organization’s application architecture.

As more and more businesses transition to digital systems, the need for this occupation will only grow for all of them. For example, the banking industry’s transition towards the fintech sector.

In the United States, the average salary for a web and cyber security specialist is around $117,700 per year.

5. Mobile developer:

Mobile developers are the people inside an organization in charge of creating and developing mobile applications.

They collaborate with the website designers and developers to either reorganize firm websites so that they are mobile-friendly or produce an app that is compatible with devices running Android and iOS.

In addition to that, they create applications for video games.

To be eligible for this position, you will need to either have past job experience in building applications for mobile devices or hold a degree in computer science, software engineering, or information technology.

As one of the best paying jobs in Computer Software Prepackaged Software, an annual salary of $125,186 is considered the norm for a mobile developer.

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History

The term "job" has a traditional meaning as "piece of work", from Middle English "jobbe of work", and is used as such in manufacturing, in the phrase "job production", meaning "custom production", where it is contrasted with batch production (many items at once, one step at a time) and flow production (many items at once, all steps at the same time, by item). Note that these distinctions have become blurred in computing, where the oxymoronic term "batch job" is found, and used either for a one-off job or for a round of "batch processing" (same processing step applied to many items at once, originally punch cards).

In this sense of "job", a programmable computer performs "jobs", as each one can be different from the last. The term "job" is also common in operations research, predating its use in computing, in such uses as job shop scheduling (see, for example Baker & Dzielinski (1960) and references thereof from throughout the 1950s, including several "System Research Department Reports" from IBM Research Center). This analogy is applied to computer systems, where the system resources are analogous to machines in a job shop, and the goal of scheduling is to minimize the total time from beginning to end (makespan). The term "job" for computing work dates to the mid 1950s, as in this use from 1955:

"The program for an individual job is then written, calling up these subroutines by name wherever required, thus avoiding rewriting them for individual problems".

The term continued in occasional use, such as for the IBM 709 (1958), and in wider use by early 1960s, such as for the IBM 7090, with widespread use from the Job Control Language of OS/360 (announced 1964). A standard early use of "job" is for compiling a program from source code, as this is a one-off task. The compiled program can then be run on batches of data.

See also

• Job queue
• Job scheduler
• Remote job entry

Further reading

• Baker; Dzielinski (1960). "Simulation of a Simplified Job Shop". Management Science. 6 (3): 311–323. doi:10.1287/mnsc.6.3.311.