Multiple code theory
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Multiple code theory (MCT) is a cognitive theory that conceives of the human brain as processing information in multiple 'codes,' or formats [1]. These codes include both symbolic verbal information, symbolic nonverbal information, and subsymbolic information.[2] This theory is an outgrowth and modification of Paivio’s Dual-coding theory, and was first hypothesized by Wilma Bucci at the Derner School of Psychology at Adelphi University.
A symbolic verbal code includes discrete words and images embedded in language and is processed in a single track. A symbolic nonverbal code includes modality-specific mental and embodied images. Sensory and emotional experience is processed in a subsymbolic code. This kind of subsymbolic processing relies predominantly on analogic relationships, with the information it processes being continuous rather than discrete. MCT posits these three kinds of processing as loosely connected to one another through a set of cognitive functions called the referential process.[3]
Multiple code theory and the associated theory of the referential process draw on and bridge variously associated fields, including clinical psychology, psychoanalysis, cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, linguistics, and neuropsychology. MCT attempts to fill the need in psychotherapy process research for more empirically-based, operationalizable constructs. One of its assumptions is that more clinically-based psychodynamic theories, such as Freudian metapsychology, do not meet the requirements of empirical science, and that there is a strong need within the field of clinical process research for empirically testable constructs.[4]
References
- ^ Bucci, Wilma (1997). Psychoanalysis & Cognitive Science: A Multiple Code Theory (1st ed.). New York, NY: The Guilford Press. ISBN 1-57230-213-5.
- ^ "Psychoanalytic Terms And Concepts", Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts, Yale University Press, pp. 1–211, 2017-12-31, retrieved 2023-09-03
- ^ Bucci, Wilma (2020-12-29). "Emotional Communication and Therapeutic Change". doi:10.4324/9781003125143.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Bucci, Wilma (2013-08-17). "The Referential Process as a Common Factor Across Treatment Modalities". Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome. 16 (1): 16–23. doi:10.4081/ripppo.2013.86. ISSN 2239-8031.