Low-functioning autism
| Higher support needs autism | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Psychiatry |
| Symptoms | Lack of social skills, extremely impaired communication, repetitive behavior, self-harm, severe intellectual disability |
| Complications | Social isolation, employment problems, family stress, bullying, self-harm[1] |
| Usual onset | By age two or three[2][3] |
| Duration | Long-term |
| Causes | Genetic and environmental factors |
| Diagnostic method | Based on behavior and developmental history |
| Differential diagnosis | Intellectual disability, Fragile X, anxiety |
| Management | Behavioral therapy, speech therapy, psychotropic medication[4][5][6] |
| Medication | Antipsychotics, antidepressants, stimulants (associated symptoms)[7][8][9] |
 | It has been suggested that this article be merged into Classic autism. (Discuss) Proposed since December 2022. |
See also
- High-functioning autism
- Nonverbal autism, often associated with low functioning
References
- ^ "Autism spectrum disorder - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
- ^ "NIMH " Autism Spectrum Disorder". nimh.nih.gov. October 2016. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
DSM5was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Myers SM, Johnson CP (November 2007). "Management of children with autism spectrum disorders". Pediatrics. 120 (5): 1162–82. doi:10.1542/peds.2007-2362. PMID 17967921.
- ^ Sanchack, KE; Thomas, CA (15 December 2016). "Autism Spectrum Disorder: Primary Care Principles". American Family Physician. 94 (12): 972–79. PMID 28075089.
- ^ Sukhodolsky, DG; Bloch, MH; Panza, KE; Reichow, B (November 2013). "Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety in children with high-functioning autism: a meta-analysis". Pediatrics. 132 (5): e1341–50. doi:10.1542/peds.2013-1193. PMC 3813396. PMID 24167175.
- ^ Ji N, Findling RL (March 2015). "An update on pharmacotherapy for autism spectrum disorder in children and adolescents". Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 28 (2): 91–101. doi:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000132. PMID 25602248. S2CID 206141453.
- ^ Oswald DP, Sonenklar NA (June 2007). "Medication use among children with autism spectrum disorders". Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. 17 (3): 348–55. doi:10.1089/cap.2006.17303. PMID 17630868.
- ^ Jaeggi, S. M.; Buschkuehl, M.; Jonides, J.; Perrig, W. J. (2008). "From the Cover: Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (19): 6829–33. Bibcode:2008PNAS..105.6829J. doi:10.1073/pnas.0801268105. PMC 2383929. PMID 18443283.