Non-cryptographic hash function
The non-cryptographic hash functions are hash functions intended for applications that do not need the rigorous security requirements of the cryptographic hash functions (e.g., preimage resistance) and therefore can be faster less resource-intensive.[1] Typical examples of CPU-optimized non-cryptographic hashes include FNV-1a, Murmur3.[2]
Applications and requirements
Among the typical uses of the non-cryptographic hash functions are bloom filters, hash tables, count sketches. These applications require, in addition to speed, uniform distribution and avalanche properties.[2]
Design
Non-cryptographic hash functions optimized for software frequently involve the multiplication operation. Since in hardware multiplication is resource-intensive and frequency-limiting, ASIC-friendlier designs had been proposed, including SipHash (that has an additional benefit of being able to use a secret key for message authentication), NSGAhash and XORhash. Although technically the lightweight cryptography can be used for the same applications, the latency of its algorithms is usually way too high due to a large number of rounds.[2] Sateesan et al. propose using the reduced-round versions of the lightweight hashes and ciphers as non-cryptographic hash functions.[3]
References
- ^ Sateesan et al. 2023, p. 1.
- ^ a b c Sateesan et al. 2023, p. 2.
- ^ Sateesan et al. 2023.
Sources
- Sateesan, Arish; Biesmans, Jelle; Claesen, Thomas; Vliegen, Jo; Mentens, Nele (April 2023). "Optimized algorithms and architectures for fast non-cryptographic hash functions in hardware". Microprocessors and Microsystems. 98: 104782. doi:10.1016/j.micpro.2023.104782. ISSN 0141-9331.
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