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Comparison of document markup languages

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The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of document markup languages. Please see the individual markup languages' articles for further information.

General information

See also: Lightweight markup language

Basic general information about the markup languages: creator, version, etc.

Note: While Rich Text Format (RTF) is human readable, it is not considered to be a markup language and is thus excluded from the table.

Characteristics

Some characteristics of the markup languages.[definition needed]

Language Major purpose Based on Markup type Structural markup Presentational markup[1] Open format
AsciiDoc Multi-purpose Tag Yes Yes Yes
Computable Document Format Interactive technical documents, infographics, blogs[2] Wolfram Language Tag Yes Yes No
Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) Technical documents XML Tag Yes Yes[3] Yes
DocBook Technical documents SGML / XML Tag Yes Yes[4] Yes
Encoded Archival Description (EAD) Finding aids XML Tag Yes No
Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML) Hypertext documents XML Tag Yes Yes[5] Yes
FictionBook Multi-purpose XML Tag Yes Yes Yes
Halibut Technical documents Control code Yes Yes Yes
HyperText Markup Language (HTML) Hypertext documents SGML Tag Yes Yes[6] Yes
Lilypond Music notation Control code Yes Yes
Maker Interchange Format (MIF) Technical documents Tag Yes Yes
Markdown Formatted Technical documents, Hypertext documents, E-mail Text E-mail conventions Tag Yes Yes Yes
Math Markup Language (MathML) Mathematical documents XML Tag Yes Yes[7]
The Music Encoding Initiative (MEI) Music notation XML Tag Yes Yes
Music Extensible Markup Language (MusicXML) Music notation XML Tag Yes Yes Yes
Office Open XML (OOXML) Multi-purpose XML / ZIP Tag Yes Yes Yes
OpenDocument Format (ODF) Multi-purpose XML / ZIP Tag Yes Yes Yes
Open Mathematical Document (OMDoc) Mathematical documents XML Tag Yes[8] Yes[9]
Org-mode Multi-purpose (notes, project management, publishing, literate programming) Text outliner Tag Yes Yes
reStructuredText Technical and Multi-purpose documents[10] Structured Text and Setext Tag Yes Yes[11] Yes
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 2D Vector graphics XML Tag Yes Yes Yes
Script
GML 		Multi-purpose RUNOFF Control code Yes Yes
TeX
LaTeX 		Academic documents
Multi-purpose[12] 		Control code Yes Yes
Texinfo Technical documents TeX, Scribe Control code Yes Yes
TeXmacs format Academic documents tree Tag Yes Yes
Textile Hypertext documents AsciiDoc (based on some similarities and dates of release) Tag Yes Yes Yes
Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) Academic, linguistic, literary and technical documents SGML / XML Tag Yes No
troff (typesetter runoff), groff (GNU runoff) Technical documents RUNOFF Control code Yes Yes
Wireless Markup Language (WML) Hypertext documents XML Tag Yes Yes
Language Major purpose Based on Markup type Structural markup Presentational markup Open format

Notes

  1. ^ Many markup languages have purposely avoided presentational markups. For markup languages based on SGML and XML, CSS is used as a presentation layer.
  2. ^ Uses and Examples of the Computable Document Format (CDF), Wolfram.com.
  3. ^ Includes basic presentational content and SVG and MathML markup, officially supported in version 1.3. In select XML editors and management systems, the images and content can be viewed as rendered, through CSS mostly.
  4. ^ Presentational content is supported through SVG and MathML markup. In select XML editors, the images can be viewed as rendered.
  5. ^ Presentational markup is deprecated as of XHTML 1.0 and no longer allowed as of XHTML 1.1
  6. ^ Presentational markup is deprecated as of HTML 4.0
  7. ^ MathML comes in two mark-up syntaxes: a semantic and a presentational.
  8. ^ uses Content MathML, OpenMath or other formats for formulae
  9. ^ Exact presentation of symbols can be specified in OMDoc; these specifications are used when transforming OMDoc to a presentational format.
  10. ^ "An Introduction to reStructuredText". docutils.sourceforge.net.
  11. ^ uses CSS
  12. ^ While Donald Knuth wrote TeX for Academic publications and Leslie Lamport wrote LaTeX for similar purpose, packages are available from Comprehensive TeX Archive Network (CTAN) for nonacademic purposes, e.g., writing scripts.

See also

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