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Data discourse

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Definition of discourse

Discourses are just not a group of signs or a medium of text but practices that systemically form the objects of which they speak.[1] Discourse is a notion which produces something else, rather than a notion which exists in and of itself and which can be examined in vacuum.[1] Discourse is applied to analyze literary and non-literary texts. Discourse is found in array of disciplines such as critical theory, sociology, and several other fields. Michel Foucault's work has made contributions to create a variety of theories for the term 'discourse'.[1]

Data as discourse

Data discourse refers to discourses that work within the context of data and how data can fulfill particular purposes, agendas and narratives. In relation to open data, the discourses about sharing, reuse, open access, open government, transparency, accountability, social entrepreneurship, and economies of scale are organized to form a discursive regime that promotes investment in open data.[2] In relation to big data, the discourses of insight, wisdom, productivity, competitiveness, efficiency, effectiveness, utility, value is deployed to promote their legitimization and usage in businesses and repositories.[2]

Examples of discourses in Big Data

Patrick Ferucci evaluates meta journalistic discourse in relation to big data through analyzing Metra journalism from 2000 to 2017.[3]

At Online Marketing Summit, in San Diego, Cheemin Bo-Linn, president and interim CMO at Peritus Partners, discusses the increase of big data such as, Facebook that produces 10 terabytes of data per day. Cheemin Bo-Linn says marketers can use these big data to examine practices and behavior of customers, plan campaigns to take actions, to target consumers and shape consumers' habits.[4]

Big data is used to analyze and understand environmental discourses in hotel online reviews.[5]

Data discourse theory and its overlap with other theories

Data imaginary and discourses are brought together to compose what Foucault coined a term 'discursive regime'.[2] Discursive regime is a coordination of overlapping arguments that promotes developments and legalizes the actions of the developments.[2] The goal of discourses within a regime is to make messages and narratives appear logical, to convince people and institution to act according to the logics and norms of the regime. Data imaginaries and affordances are attained through agglomeration of several data discourses.[2]

The discourses and imaginaries are linked together to form data narratives to make stories about data and their interconnected assemblages persuasive.[2] Data do not represent themselves. For data to be represented and narrated, it is placed in specific settings in order to create shape and meaning making. The elements of data narratives are data trajectories, data temporalities, the cultural grounding of data narratives.[6]

References

  1. ^ a b c 1954-, Mills, Sara, (2008). Discourse. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-29014-2. OCLC 639895148. {{cite book}}: |last= has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ a b c d e f Kitchin, Rob (2014). The Data Revolution: Big Data, Open Data, Data Infrastructures & Their Consequences (2nd ed.). 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications Ltd. ISBN 978-1-4462-8748-4. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |year= / |date= mismatch (help); no-break space character in |location= at position 17 (help)CS1 maint: location (link)
  3. ^ Ferrucci, Patrick (2020-10-01). "What's it all mean? Examining metajournalistic discourse concerning big data". Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies. 9 (3): 253–269. doi:10.1386/ajms_00012_1. ISSN 2001-0818.
  4. ^ Obrecht, John (Mar. 4, 2013). "Big Data discourse dominates Online Marketing Summit". GALE ACADEMIC ONEFILE. 98 (1). {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  5. ^ Mariani, Marcello; Borghi, Matteo (2020-12-24). "Environmental discourse in hotel online reviews: a big data analysis". Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 29 (5): 829–848. doi:10.1080/09669582.2020.1858303. ISSN 0966-9582.
  6. ^ Dykes, Brent (2020). Effective data storytelling: how to drive change with data, narrative, and visuals (1st edition ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley. ISBN ISBN : 1-119-61571-2. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help); Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help)
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