Reporoa Caldera
| Reporoa Caldera | |
|---|---|
  Reporoa Caldera | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 592 m (1,942 ft) |
| Coordinates | 38°25′00″S 176°20′00″E / 38.41667°S 176.33333°E |
| Dimensions | |
| Length | 15 km (9.3 mi) |
| Width | 10 km (6.2 mi) |
| Geography | |
| Location | Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand |
| Geology | |
| Rock age | 1,000,000,000 years ago |
| Mountain type | Caldera |
| Last eruption | 1180 (?), 2005 hydrothermal |
The Reporoa Caldera is a 10 km by 15 km caldera in New Zealand's Taupō Volcanic Zone. It formed some 230,000 years ago, in a large eruption that deposited approximately 100 km3 of tephra, forming the Kaingaroa Ignimbrite layer. The ignimbrite sheet extends up to 15 km (9.3 mi) to the east.[1] It contains three rhyolitic lava domes (Deer Hill, Kairuru and Pukekahu) and is associated with three geothermal fields. These are the active Reporoa geothermal field in the caldera, the Waiotapu geothermal area north of the caldera rim, and the Broadlands thermal area to the south. The Waikato River runs through the southern half of the caldera.
In April 2005, a large hydrothermal explosion occurred in a cow paddock within the caldera, creating a 50-metre crater. A similar explosion happened in the area in 1948, and smaller explosions have happened in the years between.[2]
See also
References
- "Reporoa". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.
- I. A. Nairn; C. P. Wood; R. A. Bailey (December 1994). "The Reporoa Caldera, Taupo Volcanic Zone: source of the Kaingaroa Ignimbrites". Bulletin of Volcanology. 56 (6): 529–537. Bibcode:1994BVol...56..529N. doi:10.1007/BF00302833. S2CID 128947835.
- S. W. Beresford; J. W. Cole (2000). "Kaingaroa Ignimbrite, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: evidence for asymmetric caldera subsidence of the Reporoa Caldera". New Zealand Journal of Geology & Geophysics. 43 (3): 471–481. doi:10.1080/00288306.2000.9514903.
- ^ Spinks, Karl D. (2005). "Rift Architecture and Caldera Volcanism in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand".
- ^ Geothermal eruption in New Zealand paddock leaves big crater, The Star, 20 April 2005.
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