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Time affluence is defined as the sense that one has ample time available on a daily basis. Tim Kasser is credited with coining the term. In 2009, Kasser published a co-authored paper with Kennon Sheldon in which they reported on the results from four empirical studies, all indicating time affluence has positive impacts when it comes to a person's well-being.[1]
History
Related concepts
Time famine is a related concept first introduced by Leslie Perlow in 1999.[2] Time famine is defined as the sense that one has when there is too much to do and not enough time available to do it. In Perlow's ethnographic research about a software engineering team, she found they often struggled to complete individual work due to constant interruptions. Perlow noted that, coupled with the pressure to meet deadlines and a culture that rewarded individuals who resolved crises, the engineers were caught in a vicious cycle when it came to how they felt about the tasks they needed to do and the time available.
Time poverty is another related concept. It's defined as one not having enough time due to shouldering extra work, burdens, and/or obligations outside of paid work, such as being the primary caregiver for a child.[3] Time poverty is also often used to describe situations in which people have to work long hours for pay and have no choice but to do otherwise. Studies report that, overall, time poverty disproportionately impacts women and is linked with lower well-being, physical health, and productivity.
Recent studies
References
- ^ Kasser, Tim; Sheldon, Kennon M. (2009). "Time affluence as a path toward personal happiness and ethical business practice: Empirical evidence from four studies" (PDF). Journal of Business Ethics. 84 (2): 243–255. doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9696-1. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
- ^ Perlow, Leslie A. (1999). "The time famine: Toward a sociology of work time". Administrative Science Quarterly. 44 (1): 57–81. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
- ^ Hyde, Elizabeth; Greene, Margaret E.; Darmstadt, Gary L. (2020). "Time poverty: Obstacle to women's human rights, health and sustainable development". Journal of Global Health. 10 (2). PMID 33282212. Retrieved 4 May 2022.