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The National Science Foundation's "Women, Minorites, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering[1]" (2021) report presents statistical information on the eduational attainment and employment of women, underrepresented racial minorities (URM) in Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields.

Biochemist Ainhoa Murua Ugarte at work in her lab

Race imbalance in STEM fields

According to PISA 2015 results, 4.8% of boys and 0.4% of girls expect an ICT career.[2]

Effects of Underrepresentation of POC in STEM

Education and Degree Attainment

Employment, Occupation, and Income

Explanations for underrepresentation of POC

Societal

Social

Institutional

Psychological

Personal/Individual

Stem Identity

Experiences of people of color in STEM

Discrimination

Sense of Belonging

In-School

In-Workplaces

Strategies for increasing representation of POC in STEM

The CMS Girls Engineering Camp at Texas A&M University–Commerce in June 2015

For Educators

Role models

Mentors

A list of methods that can increase women's and girls interest and engagement with STEM fields and careers.
Strategies to increase women's and girls' interest in STEM

For Society

For Learner

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ "National Science Foundation". 2021. Retrieved 1/21/2022. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. ^ Catherine André/VoxEurop/EDJNet; Marzia Bona/OBC Transeuropa/EDJNet (19 April 2018). "The ICT sector is booming. But are women missing out?". Retrieved 27 August 2018.

Sources

Further reading

  • American Association of University Women (2010). Why So Few?
  • American Association of University Women - official website and career development grants for women: [1]
  • WIOA - Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act
  • Natarajan, Priyamvada, "Calculating Women" (review of Margot Lee Shetterly, Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race, William Morrow; Dava Sobel, The Glass Universe: How the Ladies of the Harvard Observatory Took the Measure of the Stars, Viking; and Nathalia Holt, Rise of the Rocket Girls: The Women Who Propelled Us, from Missiles to the Moon to Mars, Little, Brown), The New York Review of Books, vol. LXIV, no. 9 (25 May 2017), pp. 38–39.
  • World Economic Forum "Global Gender Gap 2020"
  • Campero S. 2020. "Hiring and Intra-occupational Gender Segregation in Software Engineering." American Sociological Review.