CLUE model
Draft
CLUE (Conversion of Land Use and its Effects) model is a spatially explicit land use change model developed to simulate future land use and land cover changes including urban expansion, deforestation, land abandonment, and agricultural intensification[1][2][3]. CLUE model is a dynamic modeling framework, simulate land use change based on quantification of biophysical and human drivers of land use conversion[1]. The CLUE model can apply on a national and continental scale with the application available for Central America, Ecuador, China, and Java, Indonesia[4].
Different version of CLUE model are CLUE-S[4], CLUE-Scanner[5], and Dyna-CLUE[6] models.
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CLUE-S
The CLUE model has been modified to CLUE-S (the Conversion of Land Use and its Effects at Small regional extent). Specifically, the CLUE-s model was developed for high-resolution spatial data and regional applications[7]. The model comprise of two different modules, spatial (land use allocation) and non-spatial (land use demand)[4].
Structure
Spatial policies and restrictions
The land-use change pattern is affected by the spatial policies and restrictions as well as land tenure. So, in order to simulate the land-use change, areas with policy or tenure restrictions should be applied. In some cases, all land-use conversions are banned and restricted, for others, a set of specific land-use changes are restricted. The restricted conversions can be specified in a conversion matrix[7].
Conversion settings
Conversion settings are used to specify temporal dynamics. In order to do so, two parameters should be considered including conversion elasticity as well as temporal characteristics and specific conversion settings.
The conversion elasticity is used to show the degree of possibility that the specific land use types can be converted in other uses. It shows the reversibility of land use conversion. Some land-use types could not easily be converted to another land use type due to high capital investment alongside high demands. On the other hand, some land-use types could easily be converted to another suitable land-use type. Conversion elasticity represents the reversibility of land use, ranging between 0 to 1. Zero conversion elasticity shows the ability to be easily converted, while one means the change is irreversible. This number is estimated based on expert knowledge or evaluation of the recent past year of the behavior.
Temporal characteristics and specific conversion settings, which are specified in the conversion matrix, show the following cases. First, the matrix defines that the current land-use type can convert to what other land-use type. Second, it includes the region that a specific conversion is allowed to happen. Additionally, it shows the time (years or steps) which is needed for a land-use type at a specific location to stay the same type before conversion. It is worth mentioning that only maximum and minimum amounts of time would be specified in the conversion matrix[7].
Land use demand
Land use demand shows the required change in land use type which is considered at the aggregate level which means considering the case study as a whole. Based on the situation (scenarios and case study), there are methods to be used for calculating the land use requirements, including trends exploration and analysis of land-use change from the recent past to the near future[7].
Land use suitability
Land-use suitability is developed to show the location preference for a specific land-use change. Basically, the goal is to find locations with a high preference for a specific land-use change. Location preference is based on the interaction between different actors as well as the process of decision-making[7].
Dyna-CLUE
Dyna-CLUE (Dynamic Conversion of Land Use and its Effects) model is the modified version of CLUE-s model, built upon the combination of the top-down approach of spatial allocation of land use change and bottom-up approach of determination of conversions for specific land use transitions[6]. The difference between the CLUE-s and Dyna-CLUE models is in the allocation process. However, for both models, the allocation process is based on sets of conditions that are created by the different components including spatial policies and restrictions, conversion settings, land use demand, and land use suitability (location characteristics).
CLUE-Scanner
References
- ^ a b Veldkamp, A.; Fresco, L. O. (1996-11-15). "CLUE-CR: An integrated multi-scale model to simulate land use change scenarios in Costa Rica". Ecological Modelling. 91 (1): 231–248. doi:10.1016/0304-3800(95)00158-1. ISSN 0304-3800.
- ^ Verburg, P. H.; de Koning, G. H. J.; Kok, K.; Veldkamp, A.; Bouma, J. (1999-03-01). "A spatial explicit allocation procedure for modelling the pattern of land use change based upon actual land use". Ecological Modelling. 116 (1): 45–61. doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(98)00156-2. ISSN 0304-3800.
- ^ Verburg, P.H.; Overmars, K.P. (2007), Koomen, Eric; Stillwell, John; Bakema, Aldrik; Scholten, Henk J. (eds.), "Dynamic Simulation of Land-Use Change Trajectories with the Clue-S Model", Modelling Land-Use Change: Progress and Applications, The GeoJournal Library, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 321–337, doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-5648-2_18, ISBN 978-1-4020-5648-2, retrieved 2021-11-10
- ^ a b c VERBURG, PETER H.; SOEPBOER, WELMOED; VELDKAMP, A.; LIMPIADA, RAMIL; ESPALDON, VICTORIA; MASTURA, SHARIFAH S.A. (2002-09-01). "Modeling the Spatial Dynamics of Regional Land Use: The CLUE-S Model". Environmental Management. 30 (3): 391–405. doi:10.1007/s00267-002-2630-x. ISSN 1432-1009.
- ^ Lavalle, Carlo; Baranzelli, Claudia; e Silva, Filipe Batista; Mubareka, Sarah; Gomes, Carla Rocha; Koomen, Eric; Hilferink, Maarten (2011). Murgante, Beniamino; Gervasi, Osvaldo; Iglesias, Andrés; Taniar, David; Apduhan, Bernady O. (eds.). "A High Resolution Land Use/Cover Modelling Framework for Europe: Introducing the EU-ClueScanner100 Model". Computational Science and Its Applications - ICCSA 2011. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer: 60–75. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-21928-3_5. ISBN 978-3-642-21928-3.
- ^ a b Verburg, Peter H.; Overmars, Koen P. (2009-05-08). "Combining top-down and bottom-up dynamics in land use modeling: exploring the future of abandoned farmlands in Europe with the Dyna-CLUE model". Landscape Ecology. 24 (9): 1167. doi:10.1007/s10980-009-9355-7. ISSN 1572-9761.
- ^ a b c d e Verburg, P.H.; Overmars, K.P. (2007), Koomen, Eric; Stillwell, John; Bakema, Aldrik; Scholten, Henk J. (eds.), "Dynamic Simulation of Land-Use Change Trajectories with the Clue-S Model", Modelling Land-Use Change: Progress and Applications, The GeoJournal Library, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 321–337, doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-5648-2_18, ISBN 978-1-4020-5648-2, retrieved 2021-11-23