User:Grant Exploit/sandbox
Scott Island Climate section and weatherbox (WIP)
For: Scott Island Scott Island has a hyperoceanic ice cap climate (Köppen climate classification EF), as registered by an automatic weather station on the island from December 1987 to March 1999.[1] The records show an average temperature of a few °C (°F) below 0 °C (32 °F) in summer, and down to −40 °C (−40 °F) in winter.[2] Summers are cold, though the extreme influence of the ocean makes temperatures very consistent. The highest temperature ever recorded was 4.8 °C (40.6 °F) on 10 January 1989, low even by coastal Antarctic standards. The lowest temperature ever recorded was −32.2 °C (−26.0 °F) on 2 August 1998, very high for Antarctica.
| Climate data for Scott Island (30 m, January 1988–March 1999 discontinuous) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.8 (40.6) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3.1 (37.6) |
4.8 (40.6) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 2.5 (36.5) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2.0 (35.6) |
2.5 (36.5) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | −3.1 (26.4) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | −7.8 (18.0) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −6.1 (21.0) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | −32.2 (−26.0) |
— | — | — | −27.6 (−17.7) |
−32.2 (−26.0) |
| Source: [3] (highs and lows), [4] (daily means), [5] (monthly record highs and lows) | |||||||||||||
Green Canyon Climate section and weatherbox (WIP)
For: Green Canyon
As recorded by a station in Block 184, the air above Green Canyon has a tropical rainforest climate (Köppen climate classification Af), with warm winters and extremely oppressive summers. Diurnal temperature variation is very low year-round (especially in summer), expected for its location far from any landmasses. Experiencing the purest Gulf influences possible, Green Canyon's summer nighttime low temperatures are some of the highest on Earth for any non-arid location, at least counting those on land. Temperatures below freezing are unknown.
The hot, humid air and warm water during summer and autumn can facilitate the development and sustainment of tropical cyclones, specifically Atlantic hurricanes, the water having surface temperatures above 26 °C (78.8 °F)—the typical threshold for tropical development—from May 25 to October 31 on average, and reaching a maximum of 30 °C (86 °F) on August 5. Precipitation is relatively evenly distributed throughout the year, peaking in late summer at the height of the hurricane season, having a secondary peak in winter, and reaching its nadir in late spring.
| Climate data for Green Canyon 184 (27°46′01″N 91°31′01″W / 27.767°N 91.517°W) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 69.1 (20.6) |
69.4 (20.8) |
72.1 (22.3) |
75.6 (24.2) |
80.6 (27.0) |
85.5 (29.7) |
88.2 (31.2) |
88.3 (31.3) |
85.7 (29.8) |
81.2 (27.3) |
76.1 (24.5) |
71.9 (22.2) |
78.6 (25.9) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 65.9 (18.8) |
66.6 (19.2) |
69.8 (21.0) |
73.7 (23.2) |
78.9 (26.1) |
83.7 (28.7) |
86.2 (30.1) |
86.4 (30.2) |
84.0 (28.9) |
79.1 (26.2) |
73.5 (23.1) |
68.9 (20.5) |
76.4 (24.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 62.6 (17.0) |
63.7 (17.6) |
67.6 (19.8) |
71.9 (22.2) |
77.1 (25.1) |
81.8 (27.7) |
84.1 (28.9) |
84.5 (29.2) |
82.4 (28.0) |
77.0 (25.0) |
70.9 (21.6) |
65.5 (18.6) |
74.1 (23.4) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.90 (99) |
3.11 (79) |
3.53 (90) |
3.02 (77) |
2.96 (75) |
4.08 (104) |
4.35 (110) |
4.72 (120) |
4.61 (117) |
3.71 (94) |
3.49 (89) |
3.90 (99) |
45.38 (1,153) |
| Source: Integration of Weatherspark data.[6] | |||||||||||||
Linares, Chile Climate section and weatherbox (WIP)
For Linares, Chile:
Linares has a mild mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csb). The summers are hot and mainly dry (November to March) with temperatures reaching up to 32 -33 degrees Celsius on the hottest days. The winters (late May to mid September) tend to be rather humid and rainy, with typical maximum daily temperatures of 14-15 degrees Celsius, and minimum just above freezing.
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record high °C (°F) | 38 (100) |
37 (99) |
31 (88) |
30 (86) |
25 (77) |
20 (68) |
19 (66) |
21 (70) |
26 (79) |
29 (84) |
32 (90) |
35 (95) |
38 (100) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30 (86) |
29 (84) |
25 (77) |
21 (70) |
16 (61) |
12 (54) |
12 (54) |
14 (57) |
17 (63) |
20 (68) |
24 (75) |
28 (82) |
21 (69) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12 (54) |
12 (54) |
9 (48) |
6 (43) |
6 (43) |
5 (41) |
3 (37) |
4 (39) |
5 (41) |
7 (45) |
9 (48) |
12 (54) |
8 (46) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 6 (43) |
5 (41) |
2 (36) |
−1 (30) |
−2 (28) |
−4 (25) |
−5 (23) |
−2 (28) |
0 (32) |
2 (36) |
2 (36) |
3 (37) |
−5 (23) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0 (0) |
0 (0) |
20 (0.8) |
40 (1.6) |
160 (6.3) |
180 (7.1) |
40 (1.6) |
100 (3.9) |
80 (3.1) |
20 (0.8) |
10 (0.4) |
0 (0) |
690 (27.2) |
| Average precipitation days | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 45 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 54 | 57 | 60 | 73 | 85 | 87 | 87 | 83 | 77 | 70 | 61 | 56 | 71 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 10 (50) |
10 (50) |
8 (46) |
8 (46) |
8 (46) |
7 (45) |
6 (43) |
6 (43) |
7 (45) |
8 (46) |
8 (46) |
10 (50) |
8 (46) |
| Source 1: [7] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: [8] | |||||||||||||
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg temp. °F (°C) | 70 (21) |
69 (21) |
63 (17) |
57 (14) |
52 (11) |
48 (9) |
47 (8) |
49 (9) |
52 (11) |
57 (14) |
62 (17) |
68 (20) |
58 (14) |
| Avg high °F (°C) | 87 (31) |
85 (29) |
78 (26) |
70 (21) |
61 (16) |
55 (13) |
55 (13) |
58 (14) |
63 (17) |
69 (21) |
76 (24) |
83 (28) |
70 (21) |
| Avg low temperature °F (°C) | 54 (12) |
54 (12) |
49 (9) |
44 (7) |
44 (7) |
42 (6) |
39 (4) |
40 (4) |
42 (6) |
46 (8) |
49 (9) |
54 (12) |
46 (8) |
| Rainfall inches (millimeters) | 0.4 (10) |
0.1 (3) |
0.8 (20) |
1.8 (45) |
6.4 (163) |
7.3 (187) |
8.1 (206) |
4.0 (61) |
3.3 (83) |
0,8 (20) |
0,5 (13) |
0,3 (8) |
27.4 (694.13) |
| Source: Weatherbase | |||||||||||||
Corbeta Uruguay Climate section and weatherbox (WIP)
For: Corbeta Uruguay base and Climate of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Corbeta Uruguay reported weather data only on discontinuous days (see table below) from April 1979 to April 1982, and as such our understanding of the climate of Thule Island is very incomplete. The data that does exist indicates that Corbeta Uruguay has a tundra climate (Köppen ET) that is exceptionally cold for its location less than two-thirds the distance from the Equator to the South Pole, particularly in summer.
| Year | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1979 | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l |
| 1980 | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l |
| 1981 | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l |
| 1982 | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.0 (59.0) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15.0 (59.0) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 11.3 (52.3) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 11.3 (52.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.4 (36.3) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −0.9 (30.4) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | −2.3 (27.9) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | −2.3 (27.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3 (27) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | −3 (27) |
| Source 1: [9] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: [10] | |||||||||||||
Driest, warmest Antarctic climate weatherbox (WIP)
Based on: Villa Las Estrellas (Weather box "shell"), warmest and driest monthly figures in Antarctica (Weather box data, non-glaciated areas).
| Climate data for Antarctica (highest monthly temperatures, lowest precipitation) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.2 (59.4) |
20.8 (69.4) |
17.5 (63.5) |
15.9 (60.6) |
17.2 (63.0) |
13.3 (55.9) |
14.0 (57.2) |
14.0 (57.2) |
14.0 (57.2) |
17.0 (62.6) |
14.4 (57.9) |
16.5 (61.7) |
20.8 (69.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.7 (40.5) |
4.2 (39.6) |
3.3 (37.9) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
0.4 (32.7) |
2.3 (36.1) |
3.8 (38.8) |
1.1 (34.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.6 (36.7) |
2.4 (36.3) |
1.2 (34.2) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
0.1 (32.2) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.2 (24.4) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−16.8 (1.8) |
−23.5 (−10.3) |
−23.8 (−10.8) |
−27.3 (−17.1) |
−25.5 (−13.9) |
−23.0 (−9.4) |
−16.1 (3.0) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−27.3 (−17.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.8 (0.07) |
2.7 (0.11) |
8.9 (0.35) |
9.9 (0.39) |
5.1 (0.20) |
7.6 (0.30) |
8.2 (0.32) |
6.8 (0.27) |
5.4 (0.21) |
5.4 (0.21) |
2.2 (0.09) |
1.9 (0.07) |
65.9 (2.59) |
| [citation needed] | |||||||||||||
Wettest, warmest Antarctic climate weatherbox (WIP)
Based on: Villa Las Estrellas (Weather box "shell"), warmest and wettest monthly figures in Antarctica (Weather box data, non-glaciated areas).
| Climate data for Antarctica (highest monthly temperatures, highest precipitation) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.2 (59.4) |
20.8 (69.4) |
17.5 (63.5) |
15.9 (60.6) |
17.2 (63.0) |
13.3 (55.9) |
14.0 (57.2) |
14.0 (57.2) |
14.0 (57.2) |
17.0 (62.6) |
14.4 (57.9) |
16.5 (61.7) |
20.8 (69.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.7 (40.5) |
4.2 (39.6) |
3.3 (37.9) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
0.4 (32.7) |
2.3 (36.1) |
3.8 (38.8) |
1.1 (34.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.6 (36.7) |
2.4 (36.3) |
1.2 (34.2) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
0.1 (32.2) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.2 (24.4) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−16.8 (1.8) |
−23.5 (−10.3) |
−23.8 (−10.8) |
−27.3 (−17.1) |
−25.5 (−13.9) |
−23.0 (−9.4) |
−16.1 (3.0) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−27.3 (−17.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 58.0 (2.28) |
73.5 (2.89) |
75.5 (2.97) |
78.0 (3.07) |
66.6 (2.62) |
57.3 (2.26) |
71.7 (2.82) |
72.1 (2.84) |
87.7 (3.45) |
110.0 (4.33) |
97.0 (3.82) |
59.0 (2.32) |
906.4 (35.67) |
| [citation needed] | |||||||||||||
Beansfordshire weatherbox (WIP)
Based on: Template: Heathrow Airport weatherbox, but filled with correct information the Bri'ish don't want you to know.
| Climate data for The Queen's Castle, Beansfordshire, England, Bri'an. Elevation: 25 m (82 ft), 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1654–present. | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 5.7 (42.3) |
6.5 (43.7) |
7.0 (44.6) |
7.9 (46.2) |
8.8 (47.8) |
9.4 (48.9) |
10.0 (50.0) |
10.1 (50.2) |
8.7 (47.7) |
8.2 (46.8) |
6.2 (43.2) |
5.8 (42.4) |
10.1 (50.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.2 (39.6) |
4.2 (39.6) |
4.8 (40.6) |
5.4 (41.7) |
6.1 (43.0) |
6.7 (44.1) |
7.2 (45.0) |
7.1 (44.8) |
6.5 (43.7) |
5.6 (42.1) |
4.8 (40.6) |
4.2 (39.6) |
5.6 (42.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.6 (38.5) |
3.6 (38.5) |
4.1 (39.4) |
4.6 (40.3) |
5.2 (41.4) |
5.8 (42.4) |
6.3 (43.3) |
6.2 (43.2) |
5.7 (42.3) |
4.9 (40.8) |
4.2 (39.6) |
3.7 (38.7) |
4.8 (40.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.0 (37.4) |
3.0 (37.4) |
3.3 (37.9) |
3.7 (38.7) |
4.3 (39.7) |
4.9 (40.8) |
5.3 (41.5) |
5.3 (41.5) |
4.8 (40.6) |
4.2 (39.6) |
3.5 (38.3) |
3.1 (37.6) |
4.0 (39.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −0.1 (31.8) |
0.7 (33.3) |
1.6 (34.9) |
2.1 (35.8) |
2.4 (36.3) |
2.9 (37.2) |
3.7 (38.7) |
3.7 (38.7) |
2.9 (37.2) |
1.9 (35.4) |
1.2 (34.2) |
0.3 (32.5) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 55.2 (2.17) |
40.9 (1.61) |
41.6 (1.64) |
43.7 (1.72) |
49.4 (1.94) |
45.1 (1.78) |
44.5 (1.75) |
49.5 (1.95) |
49.1 (1.93) |
68.5 (2.70) |
59.0 (2.32) |
55.2 (2.17) |
601.7 (23.68) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 11.1 | 8.5 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 8.2 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 109.6 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 61.5 | 77.9 | 114.6 | 168.7 | 198.5 | 204.3 | 212.0 | 204.7 | 149.3 | 116.5 | 72.6 | 52.0 | 1,632.6 |
| Source 1: Met Office [11] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: KNMI [12][13] | |||||||||||||
Lake Vostok weatherbox (WIP)
Based on: Template: Vostok Station weatherbox, extrapolating from that elevation to the level of Lake Vostok with the maximum dry adiabatic lapse rate.
| Climate data for Lake Vostok | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 25.1 (77.2) |
18.1 (64.6) |
9.1 (48.4) |
6.1 (43.0) |
1.1 (34.0) |
6.1 (43.0) |
5.0 (41.0) |
4.2 (39.6) |
4.8 (40.6) |
5.5 (41.9) |
14.8 (58.6) |
25.0 (77.0) |
25.1 (77.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 12.1 (53.8) |
0.4 (32.7) |
−13.8 (7.2) |
−22.0 (−7.6) |
−22.9 (−9.2) |
−21.5 (−6.7) |
−23.3 (−9.9) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−22.5 (−8.5) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
1.9 (35.4) |
12.0 (53.6) |
−11.4 (11.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.9 (44.4) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−18.2 (−0.8) |
−25.3 (−13.5) |
−26.4 (−15.5) |
−25.6 (−14.1) |
−27.3 (−17.1) |
−28.6 (−19.5) |
−26.8 (−16.2) |
−18.2 (−0.8) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
6.6 (43.9) |
−16.0 (3.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.6 (34.9) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
−22.7 (−8.9) |
−28.7 (−19.7) |
−30.0 (−22.0) |
−29.8 (−21.6) |
−31.3 (−24.3) |
−32.4 (−26.3) |
−31.1 (−24.0) |
−24.0 (−11.2) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
1.1 (34.0) |
−20.7 (−5.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −17.3 (0.9) |
−24.9 (−12.8) |
−35.9 (−32.6) |
−46.9 (−52.4) |
−42.1 (−43.8) |
−44.7 (−48.5) |
−50.1 (−58.2) |
−49.2 (−56.6) |
−46.8 (−52.2) |
−37.0 (−34.6) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
−50.1 (−58.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.0 (0.04) |
0.7 (0.03) |
2.0 (0.08) |
2.4 (0.09) |
2.8 (0.11) |
2.5 (0.10) |
2.2 (0.09) |
2.3 (0.09) |
2.4 (0.09) |
1.9 (0.07) |
1.1 (0.04) |
0.7 (0.03) |
22 (0.86) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 70.1 | 68.6 | 66.2 | 64.7 | 64.7 | 65.5 | 65.7 | 65.8 | 66.2 | 67.4 | 68.7 | 69.8 | 67.0 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 696.4 | 566.8 | 347.3 | 76.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 203.4 | 480.2 | 682.3 | 708.8 | 3,761.5 |
| Source 1: [14] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Pogoda.ru.net (records only except for August record low),[15] (August record low)[16] | |||||||||||||
Cooler Death Valley weatherbox (WIP)
Based on: Synthesis of highest valid average highs and lows recorded for each month.
| Climate data for Death Valley (Furnace Creek Station) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 87 (31) |
97 (36) |
102 (39) |
113 (45) |
122 (50) |
129 (54) |
134 (57) |
127 (53) |
123 (51) |
113 (45) |
98 (37) |
89 (32) |
134 (57) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 77.0 (25.0) |
83.9 (28.8) |
93.4 (34.1) |
103.4 (39.7) |
112.1 (44.5) |
120.4 (49.1) |
123.7 (50.9) |
121.9 (49.9) |
116.0 (46.7) |
104.2 (40.1) |
88.8 (31.6) |
77.0 (25.0) |
124.5 (51.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 50.6 (10.3) |
65.5 (18.6) |
71.7 (22.1) |
78.7 (25.9) |
88.1 (31.2) |
102.4 (39.1) |
110.6 (43.7) |
107.4 (41.9) |
97.7 (36.5) |
79.4 (26.3) |
65.7 (18.7) |
56.5 (13.6) |
81.2 (27.3) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 38.6 (3.7) |
49.1 (9.5) |
57.2 (14.0) |
63.4 (17.4) |
72.9 (22.7) |
84.2 (29.0) |
95.1 (35.1) |
91.0 (32.8) |
79.9 (26.6) |
61.3 (16.3) |
51.1 (10.6) |
41.7 (5.4) |
65.5 (18.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 26.6 (−3.0) |
32.8 (0.4) |
42.7 (5.9) |
48.2 (9.0) |
57.7 (14.3) |
66.0 (18.9) |
79.6 (26.4) |
74.7 (23.7) |
62.2 (16.8) |
43.2 (6.2) |
36.6 (2.6) |
26.9 (−2.8) |
49.8 (9.9) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 28.4 (−2.0) |
34.4 (1.3) |
41.4 (5.2) |
48.7 (9.3) |
56.6 (13.7) |
65.4 (18.6) |
75.7 (24.3) |
73.5 (23.1) |
62.7 (17.1) |
48.8 (9.3) |
35.5 (1.9) |
28.8 (−1.8) |
26.3 (−3.2) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 15 (−9) |
20 (−7) |
26 (−3) |
35 (2) |
42 (6) |
49 (9) |
62 (17) |
65 (18) |
41 (5) |
32 (0) |
24 (−4) |
19 (−7) |
15 (−9) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 0.39 (9.9) |
0.51 (13) |
0.30 (7.6) |
0.12 (3.0) |
0.03 (0.76) |
0.05 (1.3) |
0.07 (1.8) |
0.13 (3.3) |
0.21 (5.3) |
0.07 (1.8) |
0.18 (4.6) |
0.30 (7.6) |
2.36 (60) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 217 | 226 | 279 | 330 | 372 | 390 | 403 | 372 | 330 | 310 | 210 | 186 | 3,625 |
| Source 1: NOAA 1981–2010 US Climate Normals[17] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: weather2travel | |||||||||||||
Hotter Death Valley weatherbox (WIP)
Based on: Synthesis of highest valid average highs and lows recorded for each month.
| Climate data for Death Valley (Furnace Creek Station) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 87 (31) |
97 (36) |
102 (39) |
113 (45) |
122 (50) |
129 (54) |
134 (57) |
127 (53) |
123 (51) |
113 (45) |
98 (37) |
89 (32) |
134 (57) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 77.0 (25.0) |
83.9 (28.8) |
93.4 (34.1) |
103.4 (39.7) |
112.1 (44.5) |
120.4 (49.1) |
123.7 (50.9) |
121.9 (49.9) |
116.0 (46.7) |
104.2 (40.1) |
88.8 (31.6) |
77.0 (25.0) |
124.5 (51.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 74.3 (23.5) |
81.8 (27.7) |
90.5 (32.5) |
98.8 (37.1) |
107.6 (42.0) |
115.9 (46.6) |
121.3 (49.6) |
118.4 (48.0) |
111.3 (44.1) |
101.1 (38.4) |
83.5 (28.6) |
72.1 (22.3) |
98.1 (36.7) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 60.3 (15.7) |
67.6 (19.8) |
75.0 (23.9) |
83.3 (28.5) |
92.6 (33.7) |
101.8 (38.8) |
108.5 (42.5) |
106.7 (41.5) |
96.3 (35.7) |
84.6 (29.2) |
67.6 (19.8) |
59.0 (15.0) |
83.6 (28.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 46.3 (7.9) |
53.4 (11.9) |
59.5 (15.3) |
67.7 (19.8) |
77.6 (25.3) |
87.7 (30.9) |
95.7 (35.4) |
94.9 (34.9) |
81.2 (27.3) |
68.1 (20.1) |
51.7 (10.9) |
45.8 (7.7) |
69.1 (20.6) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 28.4 (−2.0) |
34.4 (1.3) |
41.4 (5.2) |
48.7 (9.3) |
56.6 (13.7) |
65.4 (18.6) |
75.7 (24.3) |
73.5 (23.1) |
62.7 (17.1) |
48.8 (9.3) |
35.5 (1.9) |
28.8 (−1.8) |
26.3 (−3.2) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 15 (−9) |
20 (−7) |
26 (−3) |
35 (2) |
42 (6) |
49 (9) |
62 (17) |
65 (18) |
41 (5) |
32 (0) |
24 (−4) |
19 (−7) |
15 (−9) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 0.39 (9.9) |
0.51 (13) |
0.30 (7.6) |
0.12 (3.0) |
0.03 (0.76) |
0.05 (1.3) |
0.07 (1.8) |
0.13 (3.3) |
0.21 (5.3) |
0.07 (1.8) |
0.18 (4.6) |
0.30 (7.6) |
2.36 (60) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 217 | 226 | 279 | 330 | 372 | 390 | 403 | 372 | 330 | 310 | 210 | 186 | 3,625 |
| Source 1: NOAA 1981–2010 US Climate Normals[19] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: weather2travel | |||||||||||||
Cooler Bakersfield Climate section and weatherbox (WIP)
Bakersfield has a hot desert-type climate (Köppen BWh),[21] with very hot, dry summers, and winters that consist of mild days with chilly/cold nights. Rainfall is low in the city, averaging only 6.5 in or 165 mm annually, with most of it falling in the winter. Bakersfield averages about 191 clear days a year.[22] Bakersfield's climate makes the region suitable for growing crops ranging from carrots to citrus and almonds.
Bakersfield summers are very hot with extended stretches of hot weather and 108 days per year above 90 °F or 32.2 °C (on average between April 19 and October 12);[23] in addition, 33 days are above 100 °F or 37.8 °C from May to September, and several days each summer can be expected to top 110 °F or 43.3 °C.[23] Winters feature mild daytime temperatures and chilly/cold nights. Frost and/or dense fog usually occurs in winter with accompanying low visibility, causing many schools to have fog delays. Winters will usually produce a very dense layer of fog from time to time. The official time frame for tule fog to form is about 5 months long - various days from November 1 to March 31.[24] On average, 12 mornings have freezing lows (on average between December 13 and January 26) annually,[23] and the coldest night of the year typically bottoms out below 30 °F or −1.1 °C.[25]
Snow is rare on the valley floor although frost may occur.[26] The last snow fell on January 25, 1999, when the city received 6 inches or 0.15 metres.[27] The record maximum temperature was 118 °F (47.8 °C) on July 28, 1908, and the record minimum temperature was 11 °F (−11.7 °C) on January 3, 1908.[28] The most rainfall in one month was 5.82 inches (147.8 mm) in December 2010,[29] and the maximum 24-hour rainfall was 2.29 inches (58.2 mm) on February 9, 1978.[30] The wettest “rain year” has been from July 1997 to June 1998 with 14.73 inches (374.1 mm) and the driest from July 1933 to June 1934 with 2.26 inches (57.4 mm).[23]
| Climate data for Bakersfield, California (1981–2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 69 (21) |
75 (24) |
81 (27) |
88 (31) |
97 (36) |
101 (38) |
105 (41) |
104 (40) |
99 (37) |
91 (33) |
83 (28) |
74 (23) |
105 (41) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 59.4 (15.2) |
63.6 (17.6) |
70.3 (21.3) |
79.8 (26.6) |
86.6 (30.3) |
91.6 (33.1) |
94.0 (34.4) |
93.5 (34.2) |
89.7 (32.1) |
81.6 (27.6) |
68.0 (20.0) |
58.5 (14.7) |
95.6 (35.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 43.2 (6.2) |
49.8 (9.9) |
55.7 (13.2) |
62.0 (16.7) |
70.5 (21.4) |
77.9 (25.5) |
84.1 (28.9) |
82.8 (28.2) |
77.0 (25.0) |
66.4 (19.1) |
52.7 (11.5) |
43.6 (6.4) |
63.8 (17.7) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 34.8 (1.6) |
39.6 (4.2) |
44.6 (7.0) |
49.6 (9.8) |
57.5 (14.2) |
64.5 (18.1) |
70.8 (21.6) |
69.4 (20.8) |
64.0 (17.8) |
54.2 (12.3) |
42.1 (5.6) |
34.8 (1.6) |
52.2 (11.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 26.3 (−3.2) |
29.4 (−1.4) |
33.5 (0.8) |
37.2 (2.9) |
44.5 (6.9) |
51.2 (10.7) |
57.5 (14.2) |
56.0 (13.3) |
51.0 (10.6) |
42.0 (5.6) |
31.6 (−0.2) |
26.0 (−3.3) |
40.5 (4.7) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 16.8 (−8.4) |
20.0 (−6.7) |
23.6 (−4.7) |
26.5 (−3.1) |
33.0 (0.6) |
39.3 (4.1) |
47.2 (8.4) |
46.3 (7.9) |
40.8 (4.9) |
31.1 (−0.5) |
20.7 (−6.3) |
15.9 (−8.9) |
14.6 (−9.7) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −2 (−19) |
7 (−14) |
7 (−14) |
15 (−9) |
21 (−6) |
25 (−4) |
32 (0) |
31 (−1) |
17 (−8) |
16 (−9) |
9 (−13) |
0 (−18) |
−2 (−19) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.89 (48) |
2.01 (51) |
1.96 (50) |
0.83 (21) |
0.28 (7.1) |
0.12 (3.0) |
0.02 (0.51) |
0.06 (1.5) |
0.12 (3.0) |
0.48 (12) |
1.04 (26) |
1.68 (43) |
10.49 (266.11) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.1 (0.25) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.1 (0.25) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 6.7 | 7.1 | 6.5 | 3.7 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 3.9 | 5.9 | 39.2 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 186 | 197.8 | 279 | 300 | 341 | 360 | 372 | 341 | 300 | 279 | 210 | 155 | 3,320.8 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 6 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 9 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 59 | 64 | 75 | 76 | 79 | 83 | 84 | 82 | 81 | 80 | 68 | 51 | 74 |
| Average ultraviolet index | 3 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 7 |
| Source 1: NOAA (extremes 1893–present)[23] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Climate Atlas (sun and uv)[31] | |||||||||||||
Baghdad cooler, wetter Climate section and weatherbox (WIP)
Based on: Baghdad, curve-fit diurnal temperature variation with precipitation and fixed average lows.
Baghdad has a subtropical semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh), featuring very hot, prolonged summers and mild to cool, short winters. In the summer, from June through August, the average maximum temperature is around 37 °C (99 °F), with occasional interludes around 44 °C (111 °F) near the ends of dry, sunny intervals in summer.[32] Even at night, temperatures in summer are seldom below 24 °C (75 °F). Baghdad's record highest temperature of 50.1 °C (122.2 °F) was reached on 28 July 2020.[33][34]
Winter temperatures are typical of subtropical climates at the same latitude. From December through February, Baghdad has maximum temperatures averaging 15 to 18 °C (59 to 64 °F), though highs above 21 °C (70 °F) are not unheard of. Lows below freezing occur a couple of times per year on average.[35]
Annual rainfall, relatively evenly distributed throughout the year (of mid-latitude baroclinic origin in the winter and monsoonal origin in the summer) though with a vague summer maximum, averages 338 mm (13.31 in), but has been as high as 526 mm (20.71 in) and as low as 219 mm (8.62 in).[32] On 11 January 2008, light snow fell across Baghdad for the first time in 100 years.[36] Snowfall was again reported on 11 February 2020, with accumulations across the city.[37]
| Climate data for Baghdad | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 15.5 (59.9) |
18.2 (64.8) |
22.3 (72.1) |
29.0 (84.2) |
32.4 (90.3) |
35.7 (96.3) |
37.9 (100.2) |
36.6 (97.9) |
32.8 (91.0) |
29.4 (84.9) |
21.8 (71.2) |
17.2 (63.0) |
27.4 (81.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 9.7 (49.5) |
11.8 (53.2) |
15.9 (60.6) |
22.1 (71.8) |
26.2 (79.2) |
29.5 (85.1) |
31.7 (89.1) |
30.5 (86.9) |
26.7 (80.1) |
22.6 (72.7) |
15.5 (59.9) |
11.1 (52.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
9.6 (49.3) |
15.2 (59.4) |
20.1 (68.2) |
23.3 (73.9) |
25.5 (77.9) |
24.5 (76.1) |
20.7 (69.3) |
15.9 (60.6) |
9.2 (48.6) |
5.1 (41.2) |
14.9 (58.8) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 26.0 (1.02) |
28.0 (1.10) |
28.0 (1.10) |
20.5 (0.81) |
31.5 (1.24) |
30.3 (1.19) |
30.3 (1.19) |
32.7 (1.29) |
32.7 (1.29) |
22.8 (0.90) |
29.2 (1.15) |
26.0 (1.02) |
338 (13.3) |
| Average rainy days | 5 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 3.2 | 5.8 | 7.0 | 5.9 | 7.0 | 5.7 | 7.3 | 6 | 67.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 71 | 61 | 53 | 43 | 30 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 26 | 34 | 54 | 71 | 42 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 192.2 | 203.4 | 244.9 | 255.0 | 300.7 | 348.0 | 347.2 | 353.4 | 315.0 | 272.8 | 213.0 | 195.3 | 3,240.9 |
| Average ultraviolet index | 3 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization (UN)[38] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Climate & Temperature[39][40] | |||||||||||||
Mosul cooler, wetter Climate section and weatherbox (WIP)
Based on: Mosul, curve-fit diurnal temperature variation with precipitation and fixed average lows.
Mosul has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), with hot, long, muggy summers, extended springs and briefer autumns with mild temperatures, and relatively cool winters. Precipitation is moderate throughout the year, with a slight summer maximum.
| Climate data for Mosul | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.1 (70.0) |
26.9 (80.4) |
31.8 (89.2) |
35.5 (95.9) |
42.9 (109.2) |
44.1 (111.4) |
47.8 (118.0) |
49.3 (120.7) |
46.1 (115.0) |
42.2 (108.0) |
32.5 (90.5) |
25.0 (77.0) |
49.3 (120.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 12.4 (54.3) |
13.6 (56.5) |
17.8 (64.0) |
22.7 (72.9) |
26.6 (79.9) |
31.2 (88.2) |
34.6 (94.3) |
33.3 (91.9) |
28.5 (83.3) |
24.2 (75.6) |
18.3 (64.9) |
14.1 (57.4) |
23.1 (73.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.3 (45.1) |
8.5 (47.3) |
12.3 (54.1) |
16.9 (62.4) |
21.4 (70.5) |
26.2 (79.2) |
29.8 (85.6) |
28.7 (83.7) |
23.8 (74.8) |
18.8 (65.8) |
12.7 (54.9) |
9.0 (48.2) |
18.0 (64.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.2 (36.0) |
3.4 (38.1) |
6.8 (44.2) |
11.2 (52.2) |
16.2 (61.2) |
21.3 (70.3) |
25.0 (77.0) |
24.2 (75.6) |
19.1 (66.4) |
13.5 (56.3) |
7.2 (45.0) |
3.8 (38.8) |
12.8 (55.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −17.6 (0.3) |
−12.3 (9.9) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
2.5 (36.5) |
9.7 (49.5) |
11.6 (52.9) |
14.5 (58.1) |
8.9 (48.0) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−17.6 (0.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 62.3 (2.45) |
62.7 (2.47) |
63.6 (2.50) |
57.9 (2.28) |
67.7 (2.67) |
68.7 (2.70) |
72.7 (2.86) |
73.2 (2.88) |
74.0 (2.91) |
63.3 (2.49) |
62.7 (2.47) |
59.2 (2.33) |
788 (31.01) |
| Average precipitation days | 11 | 11 | 12 | 14.8 | 14.2 | 11.7 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 14.0 | 15.5 | 14.0 | 10 | 153.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 158 | 165 | 192 | 210 | 310 | 363 | 384 | 369 | 321 | 267 | 189 | 155 | 3,083 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organisation (UN)[38] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weatherbase (extremes only)[41] | |||||||||||||
Comodoro Rivadavia Climate to be edited
Comodoro Rivadavia features a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk). While the city receives less than 250 mm of rain annually, its relatively low evapotranspiration rate causes it to fall under this climate category. Summer is relatively hot and dry with an average temperature of 19.9 °C (67.8 °F) in January.[42] Winter is mild with an average temperature of 6.8 °C (44.2 °F) in July.[42] Precipitation is low, though the winter months receive more precipitation than in summer.
- Average temperatures: Annual 12.8 °C
- Maximum Average: January 25.6 °C
- Minimum Average: July 2.8 °C
- Predominant winds: W, SW
- Precipitations: Average annual 238.7 mm
- Month of Maximum Precipitations: May
- Fog: 4 days/year
| Climate data for Comodoro Rivadavia (General Enrique Mosconi International Airport) 1981–2010, extremes 1931–present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 40.2 (104.4) |
39.5 (103.1) |
39.2 (102.6) |
31.6 (88.9) |
26.3 (79.3) |
22.6 (72.7) |
22.8 (73.0) |
24.7 (76.5) |
29.7 (85.5) |
32.0 (89.6) |
35.5 (95.9) |
38.6 (101.5) |
40.2 (104.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 26.1 (79.0) |
25.0 (77.0) |
22.4 (72.3) |
18.6 (65.5) |
14.2 (57.6) |
10.9 (51.6) |
10.8 (51.4) |
12.8 (55.0) |
15.4 (59.7) |
18.8 (65.8) |
22.1 (71.8) |
24.5 (76.1) |
18.5 (65.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 19.7 (67.5) |
18.8 (65.8) |
16.3 (61.3) |
13.1 (55.6) |
9.6 (49.3) |
6.9 (44.4) |
6.6 (43.9) |
7.9 (46.2) |
10.1 (50.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
15.9 (60.6) |
18.2 (64.8) |
13.0 (55.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 13.6 (56.5) |
12.9 (55.2) |
10.9 (51.6) |
8.3 (46.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
3.1 (37.6) |
2.7 (36.9) |
3.6 (38.5) |
5.1 (41.2) |
7.5 (45.5) |
10.0 (50.0) |
12.1 (53.8) |
7.9 (46.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 3.9 (39.0) |
2.6 (36.7) |
0.3 (32.5) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
0.2 (32.4) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 11.6 (0.46) |
14.4 (0.57) |
18.2 (0.72) |
25.4 (1.00) |
37.4 (1.47) |
35.9 (1.41) |
23.4 (0.92) |
20.1 (0.79) |
20.1 (0.79) |
16.4 (0.65) |
14.5 (0.57) |
10.1 (0.40) |
247.5 (9.74) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.9 | 3.5 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 3.9 | 61.8 |
| Average snowy days | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 2 | 2 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 37.9 | 42.7 | 47.2 | 49.4 | 57.3 | 60.1 | 57.2 | 54.2 | 51.5 | 45.9 | 40.8 | 38.9 | 48.6 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 241.8 | 218.4 | 182.9 | 147.0 | 127.1 | 114.0 | 114.7 | 136.4 | 150.0 | 195.3 | 234.0 | 235.6 | 2,097.2 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 51 | 55 | 47 | 45 | 43 | 43 | 41 | 42 | 42 | 47 | 53 | 49 | 47 |
| Source 1: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[43] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun 1961–1990),[23] Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)[44] Secretaria de Mineria (November record high, and April, May, July, and August record lows only),[45] UNLP (snowfall data)[46] | |||||||||||||
San Luis Río Colorado up to 0 °C July record low Climate
San-Luis-Sobre-El-Colorado has a continental desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWk) bordering closely with a continental semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), with warm summers and cold winters; it is the coldest city in Mexico counting average annual and winter temperatures, being the only one with a daily mean in any month below freezing. The record high temperature is 38.0 °C (100.4 °F), recorded on 25 June 1951.[47] The record low temperature is −20.5 °C (−4.9 °F), recorded on 2 January 1950.[48]
| Climate data for San-Luis-Sobre-El-Colorado, Sonora (1951–2010, extremes (1950–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 24.0 (75.2) |
21.0 (69.8) |
25.0 (77.0) |
28.0 (82.4) |
34.0 (93.2) |
38.0 (100.4) |
37.0 (98.6) |
35.5 (95.9) |
34.5 (94.1) |
34.8 (94.6) |
25.6 (78.1) |
16.0 (60.8) |
38.0 (100.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.6 (43.9) |
9.3 (48.7) |
12.2 (54.0) |
16.4 (61.5) |
21.3 (70.3) |
26.1 (79.0) |
28.3 (82.9) |
27.3 (81.1) |
25.0 (77.0) |
18.7 (65.7) |
11.4 (52.5) |
6.3 (43.3) |
17.4 (63.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.8 (30.6) |
1.1 (34.0) |
3.7 (38.7) |
7.2 (45.0) |
11.6 (52.9) |
16.3 (61.3) |
19.9 (67.8) |
19.4 (66.9) |
16.6 (61.9) |
9.9 (49.8) |
3.2 (37.8) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
8.9 (48.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −8.1 (17.4) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
2.0 (35.6) |
6.5 (43.7) |
11.6 (52.9) |
11.5 (52.7) |
8.2 (46.8) |
1.1 (34.0) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
0.5 (32.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −20.5 (−4.9) |
−17.0 (1.4) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−11.5 (11.3) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−11.7 (10.9) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−18.0 (−0.4) |
−20.5 (−4.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 22.2 (0.87) |
11.5 (0.45) |
6.9 (0.27) |
3.2 (0.13) |
0.5 (0.02) |
0.7 (0.03) |
9.3 (0.37) |
16.7 (0.66) |
15.8 (0.62) |
7.5 (0.30) |
7.1 (0.28) |
18.8 (0.74) |
120.2 (4.74) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.9 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 15.9 |
| Source: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (Mexico's Meteorogical Service) [47] | |||||||||||||
3.6° further south South Haven climate (WIP)
Based on: South Haven, Michigan; Escanaba, Michigan
South Haven has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa). It is generally considered to be one of the warmest areas on the coast of the Great Lakes, being on the windward side of Lake Michigan–Huron, which heavily moderates its climate. Seasonal lag is relatively pronounced, especially in autumn, with the warmest weather in late July or early August and the coolest in late January or early February. Late winter and early spring is the driest part of the year (though a secondary nadir exists in mid-summer), with supercell thunderstorms in late spring and early summer, rare subtropical storms in late summer and early autumn, and lake effect rainfall (and occasional snowfall) in late autumn and early winter.
| Climate data for South Haven | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 79 (26) |
90 (32) |
92 (33) |
99 (37) |
101 (38) |
107 (42) |
106 (41) |
105 (41) |
105 (41) |
98 (37) |
87 (31) |
84 (29) |
107 (42) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 44.1 (6.7) |
47.7 (8.7) |
55.6 (13.1) |
65.8 (18.8) |
73.9 (23.3) |
82.5 (28.1) |
86.2 (30.1) |
84.9 (29.4) |
80.4 (26.9) |
70.0 (21.1) |
58.5 (14.7) |
47.0 (8.3) |
66.4 (19.1) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 38.4 (3.6) |
41.6 (5.3) |
48.2 (9.0) |
57.5 (14.2) |
65.1 (18.4) |
74.4 (23.6) |
78.8 (26.0) |
77.5 (25.3) |
72.2 (22.3) |
62.3 (16.8) |
52.2 (11.2) |
41.5 (5.3) |
59.1 (15.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 32.7 (0.4) |
35.5 (1.9) |
40.7 (4.8) |
49.2 (9.6) |
56.4 (13.6) |
66.2 (19.0) |
71.3 (21.8) |
70.0 (21.1) |
64.1 (17.8) |
54.6 (12.6) |
45.9 (7.7) |
36.1 (2.3) |
51.9 (11.0) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −6 (−21) |
0 (−18) |
10 (−12) |
17 (−8) |
32 (0) |
42 (6) |
47 (8) |
46 (8) |
34 (1) |
23 (−5) |
1 (−17) |
−1 (−18) |
−6 (−21) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.61 (41) |
2.07 (53) |
1.84 (47) |
2.98 (76) |
3.37 (86) |
2.71 (69) |
2.93 (74) |
3.48 (88) |
3.68 (93) |
3.18 (81) |
3.04 (77) |
2.86 (73) |
33.75 (857) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 29.7 (75) |
14.4 (37) |
6.6 (17) |
1.5 (3.8) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.5 (1.3) |
8.6 (22) |
24.6 (62) |
85.9 (218) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 7.3 | 5.1 | 7.7 | 10.4 | 11.2 | 8.6 | 7.7 | 8.5 | 9.8 | 11.3 | 10.1 | 7.8 | 105.4 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 6.9 | 5.4 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | 6.7 | 21.5 |
| Source: NOAA (normals 1981−2010, records 1893−2020)[30] | |||||||||||||
10° further south Yongala climate
Based on: Yongala; Boulia, Queensland
Yongala has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb), or a temperate highland climate (Köppen Cfb) using the −3 °C (26.6 °F) coldest-month isotherm. It is situated on a high plateau and winter snow accumulation is common. The town holds several records for the lowest minimum temperature in South Australia[49][50], including a near-record low of −17.4 °C (0.7 °F) on 20 July 1976[51], in addition to the record low temperatures in South Australia for the months of May, June, August and September.[52] The record warm daily minimum was 23.8 °C (74.8 °F) on 24 January 1982, while the record cold daily maximum was −5 °C (23 °F) on 15 July 1984.[51] On average, there are 7 days per year where the maximum fails to top freezing, and the growing season lasts 75 days from mid-December to early March, prohibiting most agriculture. Frost has been recorded in every month, though it is extremely rare in January and early February and has not been recorded in all days of December, January, and February. During cold winters, the local Lake Terowie freezes over, sometimes for as long as 3 months, allowing skating and ice fishing opportunities rare in South Australia. It is also a popular area for cross-country skiing among South Australians.
| Climate data for Yongala (1881–2019) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 38.1 (100.6) |
37.5 (99.5) |
32.9 (91.2) |
28.4 (83.1) |
19.2 (66.6) |
14.2 (57.6) |
16.4 (61.5) |
19.2 (66.6) |
24.4 (75.9) |
30.1 (86.2) |
34.9 (94.8) |
35.2 (95.4) |
38.1 (100.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25.0 (77.0) |
24.2 (75.6) |
20.5 (68.9) |
14.4 (57.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
4.5 (40.1) |
3.6 (38.5) |
5.4 (41.7) |
9.6 (49.3) |
14.1 (57.4) |
18.9 (66.0) |
22.3 (72.1) |
14.3 (57.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 16.3 (61.3) |
15.8 (60.4) |
12.4 (54.3) |
7.0 (44.6) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
2.6 (36.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
13.8 (56.8) |
7.0 (44.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) |
7.5 (45.5) |
4.2 (39.6) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
2.3 (36.1) |
5.2 (41.4) |
−0.3 (31.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −2.0 (28.4) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−17.2 (1.0) |
−17.4 (0.7) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−12.9 (8.8) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−8.9 (16.0) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−17.4 (0.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 30.1 (1.19) |
29.9 (1.18) |
23.1 (0.91) |
35.1 (1.38) |
48.8 (1.92) |
55.3 (2.18) |
55.5 (2.19) |
60.5 (2.38) |
53.1 (2.09) |
47.0 (1.85) |
38.8 (1.53) |
34.1 (1.34) |
511.3 (20.14) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2mm) | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 5.7 | 9.6 | 11.8 | 13.0 | 12.8 | 9.8 | 8.1 | 6.3 | 4.9 | 92.8 |
| Source: Bureau of Meteorology[51] | |||||||||||||
10° further south Adelaide Climate section and weatherbox (WIP)
Based on: Template:Adelaide weatherbox; Birdsville
| Climate data for Adelaide (Kent Town, 1977–2013) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 44.5 (112.1) |
41.8 (107.2) |
37.8 (100.0) |
31.1 (88.0) |
23.9 (75.0) |
17.1 (62.8) |
14.4 (57.9) |
22.2 (72.0) |
27.1 (80.8) |
32.9 (91.2) |
38.2 (100.8) |
39.5 (103.1) |
44.5 (112.1) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 38.3 (100.9) |
36.9 (98.4) |
32.7 (90.9) |
25.5 (77.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
12.5 (54.5) |
11.3 (52.3) |
15.0 (59.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
27.0 (80.6) |
32.1 (89.8) |
35.0 (95.0) |
39.3 (102.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 26.5 (79.7) |
26.6 (79.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
16.9 (62.4) |
11.8 (53.2) |
7.8 (46.0) |
6.6 (43.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
11.9 (53.4) |
15.7 (60.3) |
20.5 (68.9) |
23.3 (73.9) |
16.5 (61.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 14.3 (57.7) |
14.4 (57.9) |
11.3 (52.3) |
6.7 (44.1) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
0.0 (32.0) |
2.6 (36.7) |
5.1 (41.2) |
9.2 (48.6) |
11.7 (53.1) |
6.4 (43.6) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | 9.0 (48.2) |
8.9 (48.0) |
5.6 (42.1) |
1.6 (34.9) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
0.0 (32.0) |
3.2 (37.8) |
6.0 (42.8) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 6.3 (43.3) |
6.6 (43.9) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
0.5 (32.9) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 20.9 (0.82) |
15.9 (0.63) |
27.4 (1.08) |
39.4 (1.55) |
60.8 (2.39) |
78.8 (3.10) |
77.4 (3.05) |
67.3 (2.65) |
59.7 (2.35) |
42.0 (1.65) |
29.6 (1.17) |
29.1 (1.15) |
548.3 (21.59) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 4.7 | 3.6 | 5.9 | 8.1 | 12.5 | 15.0 | 16.4 | 16.3 | 13.5 | 10.0 | 8.1 | 7.1 | 121.2 |
| Average afternoon relative humidity (%) | 36 | 36 | 41 | 47 | 55 | 61 | 60 | 55 | 51 | 45 | 40 | 39 | 47 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 325.5 | 285.3 | 266.6 | 219.0 | 167.4 | 138.0 | 148.8 | 186.0 | 204.0 | 257.3 | 273.0 | 294.5 | 2,765.4 |
| Source: Bureau of Meteorology.[53][54][55] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Adelaide Airport (1981–2014) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 45.2 (113.4) |
43.6 (110.5) |
40.8 (105.4) |
36.9 (98.4) |
30.4 (86.7) |
26.1 (79.0) |
25.9 (78.6) |
29.9 (85.8) |
33.9 (93.0) |
38.0 (100.4) |
43.1 (109.6) |
42.4 (108.3) |
45.2 (113.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.1 (82.6) |
28.1 (82.6) |
25.5 (77.9) |
22.2 (72.0) |
18.5 (65.3) |
15.9 (60.6) |
14.9 (58.8) |
15.9 (60.6) |
18.2 (64.8) |
21.0 (69.8) |
23.9 (75.0) |
25.7 (78.3) |
21.5 (70.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 15.9 (60.6) |
16.1 (61.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
11.8 (53.2) |
9.6 (49.3) |
7.6 (45.7) |
7.0 (44.6) |
7.5 (45.5) |
8.9 (48.0) |
10.6 (51.1) |
12.8 (55.0) |
14.5 (58.1) |
11.4 (52.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 7.9 (46.2) |
8.1 (46.6) |
4.6 (40.3) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
1.1 (34.0) |
3.1 (37.6) |
4.2 (39.6) |
5.9 (42.6) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 17.3 (0.68) |
18.1 (0.71) |
22.1 (0.87) |
35.5 (1.40) |
54.0 (2.13) |
56.6 (2.23) |
59.5 (2.34) |
50.5 (1.99) |
45.5 (1.79) |
37.2 (1.46) |
24.8 (0.98) |
23.8 (0.94) |
444.8 (17.51) |
| Average rainy days | 4.6 | 3.8 | 5.5 | 8.5 | 12.8 | 13.5 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 13.0 | 10.4 | 7.7 | 6.8 | 118.2 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 325.5 | 280 | 269.7 | 219 | 173.6 | 141 | 155 | 192.2 | 213 | 260.4 | 279 | 288.3 | 2,796.7 |
| Source: Bureau of Meteorology [56] | |||||||||||||
Clockwise Yakutsk climate
Note: Using standard record technique, 13 °C (23.4 °F) offset, and vapor-pressure-based precipitation method.
With a very continental subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dsc) bordering closely on a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dsb), Yakutsk experiences some of the coldest winter temperatures for any major city on Earth. The lowest temperatures ever recorded in Asia occurred in the basin of the Yana River to the northeast of Yakutsk, making it one of the coldest major cities in the world. Yakutsk is built on discontinuous permafrost,[57] and some houses there are built on concrete piles. Yakutsk has a distinct inland location almost 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) from the Pacific Ocean, which coupled with the high latitude means a lack of temperature moderation, so although winters are extremely cold and long—some days in December, January, and February have never recorded above-freezing temperatures—summers are warm (though rather short), with daily maximum temperatures occasionally exceeding +30 °C (86 °F), making the seasonal temperature differences for the region some of the greatest in the world at 91 °C (164 °F). July temperatures soar to an above-normal average for this parallel, hotter than such southerly Far East cities as Vladivostok or Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. The July daytime temperatures are even hotter than some marine subtropical areas. The warm summers ensure that Yakutsk is covered with a rich taiga forest with many hemiboreal species of deciduous trees.
Average monthly temperatures in Yakutsk range from +19.5 °C (67.1 °F) in July to −25.6 °C (−14.1 °F) in January. The lowest temperature recorded in Yakutsk was −52.2 °C (−62.0 °F) on 5 February 1891 and the highest temperatures +38.8 °C (101.8 °F) on 17 July 2011 and +38.7 °C (101.7 °F) on 15 July 1942. The hottest month in records going back to 1834 has been July 1894, with a mean of +23.2 °C (73.8 °F),[58] and the coldest, January 1900, which averaged −38.4 °C (−37.1 °F).[59]
The climate is rather dry, with precipitation being relatively even throughout the year, driven by local lows and the extreme northward arm of the East Asian Monsoon in summer and extratropical cyclones sustained by the large temperature difference between the continental air and the Pacific Ocean in the winter, interspersed with generally clear periods dominated by a sporadic Siberian High. As the temperature difference and thus cyclonic activity declines in spring, generally dry conditions balanced by snowmelt result. As this occurs in the warmer "high-sun" months of the year, the climate is classified as dry-summer or even "Mediterranean" by some climate schemes (e.g. some Köppen variants), though summer proper is typically about as wet as early winter, the wettest part of the year. Still, drought conditions can occasionally persist into summer and give a Mediterranean feel, and precipitation is not very heavy in any season since the moist southeasterly winds from the Pacific Ocean lose their moisture over the coastal mountains well before reaching the Lena valley.
Typically, the first frost occurs around the September equinox, with the first accumulating snowfall and the last above freezing minima in mid-October. By early November, temperatures are consistently below freezing, which remains the case until early March. Snow depth reaches its peak near the end of March, before steeply declining and melting away almost completely by early May. The first minima above freezing occur in mid-April, and frost ends in early or mid-May. By early June, most deciduous vegetation has leafed out, and a green color is maintained until autumn begins in early-to-mid September.
With the Lena River navigable in the summer, there are various boat cruises offered, including upriver to the Lena Pillars, and downriver tours which visit spectacular scenery in the lower reaches and the Lena delta.
| Climate data for Yakutsk, 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1891–present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 1.5 (34.7) |
9.3 (48.7) |
16.3 (61.3) |
26.2 (79.2) |
33.7 (92.7) |
35.8 (96.4) |
38.8 (101.8) |
36.2 (97.2) |
30.0 (86.0) |
24.8 (76.6) |
14.2 (57.6) |
8.9 (48.0) |
38.8 (101.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −22.7 (−8.9) |
−17.2 (1.0) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
6.8 (44.2) |
15.8 (60.4) |
23.1 (73.6) |
25.5 (77.9) |
22.3 (72.1) |
14.5 (58.1) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−12.9 (8.8) |
−21.8 (−7.2) |
2.6 (36.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −25.6 (−14.1) |
−21.6 (−6.9) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
0.5 (32.9) |
9.8 (49.6) |
16.6 (61.9) |
19.1 (66.4) |
16.1 (61.0) |
9.3 (48.7) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
−16.7 (1.9) |
−24.7 (−12.5) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −28.5 (−19.3) |
−26.0 (−14.8) |
−17.8 (0.0) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
3.8 (38.8) |
10.1 (50.2) |
12.7 (54.9) |
9.8 (49.6) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−20.5 (−4.9) |
−27.7 (−17.9) |
−7.7 (18.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −50.0 (−58.0) |
−52.2 (−62.0) |
−45.3 (−49.5) |
−35.1 (−31.2) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−6.9 (19.6) |
−11.4 (11.5) |
−34.9 (−30.8) |
−44.0 (−47.2) |
−47.1 (−52.8) |
−52.2 (−62.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 35.8 (1.41) |
27.7 (1.09) |
16.3 (0.64) |
12.4 (0.49) |
23.3 (0.92) |
36.4 (1.43) |
40.1 (1.58) |
39.1 (1.54) |
38.5 (1.52) |
30.1 (1.19) |
43.6 (1.72) |
38.8 (1.53) |
382.1 (15.06) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 76 | 76 | 70 | 60 | 54 | 57 | 62 | 67 | 72 | 78 | 78 | 76 | 69 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 19 | 97 | 234 | 274 | 303 | 333 | 347 | 273 | 174 | 106 | 59 | 12 | 2,231 |
| Source 1: Погода и Климат[60] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[61] | |||||||||||||
Clockwise Ulaangom climate
Note: Based on Ulaangom. Using standard record technique and vapor-pressure-based precipitation method.
Ulaangom has a continental semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) relatively close to both a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) and a continental desert climate (Köppen BWk), the latter of which it would be if its precipitation pattern was slightly more summer-dominant. It experiences long, very cold winters and somewhat short, warm summers. Precipitation is low, with an annual average of 167 millimetres or 6.57 inches. Owing to its location in a deep valley, Ulaangom is subject to temperature inversions reaching up to 13.0 °C or 23.4 °F colder than middle and upper mountain slopes. It is thus one of the coldest places in Mongolia in the wintertime[62] despite lying at a lower altitude than most of the country. Temperatures can reach −32 °C (−26 °F) or lower in the winter and 35 °C (95 °F) or more in the summer.
| Climate data for Ulaangom | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 1.0 (33.8) |
6.1 (43.0) |
18.1 (64.6) |
32.8 (91.0) |
34.1 (93.4) |
36.9 (98.4) |
37.5 (99.5) |
33.7 (92.7) |
32.0 (89.6) |
29.2 (84.6) |
16.1 (61.0) |
11.3 (52.3) |
37.5 (99.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −13.0 (8.6) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
11.3 (52.3) |
20.6 (69.1) |
24.7 (76.5) |
25.4 (77.7) |
23.8 (74.8) |
19.3 (66.7) |
11.8 (53.2) |
2.1 (35.8) |
−9.4 (15.1) |
8.6 (47.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −18.3 (−0.9) |
−16.9 (1.6) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
5.1 (41.2) |
13.3 (55.9) |
17.7 (63.9) |
18.8 (65.8) |
17.1 (62.8) |
12.5 (54.5) |
5.6 (42.1) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−14.3 (6.3) |
2.4 (36.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −23.6 (−10.5) |
−22.7 (−8.9) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
6.0 (42.8) |
10.7 (51.3) |
12.2 (54.0) |
10.4 (50.7) |
5.7 (42.3) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−19.2 (−2.6) |
−3.8 (25.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −37.8 (−36.0) |
−36.6 (−33.9) |
−35 (−31) |
−19.9 (−3.8) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
0.9 (33.6) |
0.4 (32.7) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
−17.8 (0.0) |
−27.9 (−18.2) |
−33.8 (−28.8) |
−37.8 (−36.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 7.1 (0.28) |
6.4 (0.25) |
8.4 (0.33) |
5.5 (0.22) |
7.1 (0.28) |
26.6 (1.05) |
35.3 (1.39) |
23.5 (0.93) |
15.8 (0.62) |
6.7 (0.26) |
13.1 (0.52) |
11.7 (0.46) |
167.2 (6.59) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 135.0 | 158.4 | 233.9 | 260.4 | 313.4 | 318.9 | 307.4 | 297.2 | 250.4 | 195.9 | 100.5 | 103.6 | 2,675 |
| Source: NOAA (1961-1990) [23] | |||||||||||||
Clockwise Siping Geography and climate
Note: Based on Siping, Jilin. Using 10 °C (18 °F) offset and vapor-pressure-based precipitation method.
Siping is located in the transition between plains and hilly terrain, with hills to the southeast and the Songliao Plain to the northwest. The city has a four-season, monsoon-influenced, humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa), at the northern periphery of the transition zone with a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa). Winters are brief (lasting from December to early March), crisp, and windy, but relatively dry, due to northerly winds with low absolute humidity, mountains from the east blocking out the influence of systems from the Sea of Japan, and intermittent Siberian Highs; the January mean temperature is −2.9 °C (26.8 °F). Spring and fall are somewhat short, windy transitional periods, with more precipitation. Summers are hot and humid, with a prevailing southeasterly wind due to the East Asian monsoon; July averages 23.9 °C (75.0 °F). Snow is usually light during the winter, and annual rainfall is heavily concentrated from June to August. The annual mean temperature is 11.6 °C (52.9 °F). With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 46% in July to 71% in January and February, there are 2,684 hours of bright sunshine annually, with autumn and winter being especially sunny.
| Climate data for Siping City (1971−2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.6 (36.7) |
5.7 (42.3) |
11.7 (53.1) |
18.9 (66.0) |
23.8 (74.8) |
27.0 (80.6) |
28.2 (82.8) |
27.6 (81.7) |
24.0 (75.2) |
18.1 (64.6) |
10.4 (50.7) |
4.7 (40.5) |
16.9 (62.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.9 (26.8) |
0.0 (32.0) |
5.7 (42.3) |
13.1 (55.6) |
18.1 (64.6) |
22.0 (71.6) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.1 (73.6) |
18.5 (65.3) |
12.5 (54.5) |
5.3 (41.5) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
11.6 (52.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −8.4 (16.9) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
0.6 (33.1) |
7.2 (45.0) |
12.4 (54.3) |
16.9 (62.4) |
19.6 (67.3) |
18.5 (65.3) |
12.9 (55.2) |
6.9 (44.4) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
6.3 (43.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13.2 (0.52) |
12.6 (0.50) |
25.1 (0.99) |
41.5 (1.63) |
66.4 (2.61) |
104.1 (4.10) |
176.9 (6.96) |
137.4 (5.41) |
60.5 (2.38) |
43.8 (1.72) |
21.5 (0.85) |
16.1 (0.63) |
719.1 (28.3) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.4 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 7.3 | 10.4 | 12.7 | 15.3 | 12.0 | 8.5 | 6.8 | 5.4 | 4.7 | 97.0 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 66 | 62 | 55 | 50 | 54 | 67 | 79 | 79 | 72 | 65 | 64 | 65 | 65 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 204.0 | 209.2 | 249.2 | 246.3 | 263.6 | 246.0 | 212.2 | 222.5 | 241.1 | 225.5 | 182.8 | 181.1 | 2,683.5 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 71 | 71 | 68 | 62 | 59 | 54 | 46 | 52 | 64 | 66 | 63 | 65 | 61 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration | |||||||||||||
Clockwise Langfang Geography section (WIP)
Note: Based on Langfang. Using 10 °C (18 °F) offset and vapor-pressure-based precipitation method.
Considering Langfang's position between these two prominent cities, it is a relatively green city. Every 300 to 500 m (980 to 1,640 ft) along the city's major streets are parks where local people stroll and take exercise. Langfang's five-kilometer long pedestrian street is now the longest in China.[citation needed] On the other hand, air pollution is a severe problem and in 2013 it was ranked among the 10 worst cities in China for air pollution, along with 6 other cities in Hebei including Xingtai, Shijiazhuang, Baoding, Handan, Hengshui and Tangshan, are among China's 10 most polluted cities.[63]
The "Northern Three Counties" Exclave
The "Northern Three Counties of Langfang" exclave, separated from the rest of the province, is a part of Langfang City. The exclave comprises Sanhe City, Xianghe County, and Dachang Hui Autonomous County and is located between the municipalities of Beijing and Tianjin.
Climate
Langfang has a mild semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), closely bordering a dry-winter humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) and a subtropical semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh). July and August alone receive as much precipitation as all other months combined, and July receives more than all months from October to April combined. Frost occurs sporadically from early December through mid-February, for an average growing season of at least 280 days.
| Climate data for Langfang (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 11.8 (53.2) |
14.4 (57.9) |
18.9 (66.0) |
24.6 (76.3) |
28.5 (83.3) |
31.1 (88.0) |
31.6 (88.9) |
30.8 (87.4) |
28.3 (82.9) |
23.8 (74.8) |
17.4 (63.3) |
13.0 (55.4) |
22.9 (73.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.9 (42.6) |
8.3 (46.9) |
12.9 (55.2) |
18.3 (64.9) |
21.4 (70.5) |
25.2 (77.4) |
26.5 (79.7) |
25.6 (78.1) |
22.2 (72.0) |
17.5 (63.5) |
11.5 (52.7) |
7.4 (45.3) |
16.9 (62.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.2 (34.2) |
3.4 (38.1) |
7.5 (45.5) |
12.6 (54.7) |
16.6 (61.9) |
19.9 (67.8) |
22.1 (71.8) |
21.4 (70.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
12.4 (54.3) |
6.8 (44.2) |
2.9 (37.2) |
12.0 (53.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 7.4 (0.29) |
8.6 (0.34) |
15.1 (0.59) |
29.5 (1.16) |
37.3 (1.47) |
73.7 (2.90) |
149.0 (5.87) |
147.1 (5.79) |
56.0 (2.20) |
34.8 (1.37) |
18.8 (0.74) |
5.1 (0.20) |
582.4 (22.92) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 51 | 49 | 48 | 49 | 56 | 63 | 76 | 79 | 72 | 64 | 60 | 55 | 60 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[64] | |||||||||||||
Clockwise Tosontsengel climate (WIP)
Note: Based on Tosontsengel, Zavkhan. Using 13 °C (23 °F) offset and vapor-pressure-based precipitation method.
Tosontsengel has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dwc) with mild summers and bitterly cold winters. The average minimum temperature in January is −37.0 °C (−34.6 °F), and temperatures as low as −52.9 °C (−63.2 °F) have been recorded. Most precipitation falls in the summer as rain, with some snow in the adjacent months of May and September. Winters are very dry. The wind causes the snow to drift, making it difficult for the nomadic herders to keep their animals alive.
Barometric pressure record
The highest barometric pressure ever recorded on Earth was 1085.7 millibars (32.06 inHg), measured in Tosontsengel on 19 December 2001.[65]
| Climate data for Tosontsengel (elevation 1725m) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 0.6 (33.1) |
5.2 (41.4) |
6.8 (44.2) |
22.5 (72.5) |
27.5 (81.5) |
31.5 (88.7) |
31.8 (89.2) |
33.0 (91.4) |
26.3 (79.3) |
21.2 (70.2) |
7.9 (46.2) |
4.7 (40.5) |
33.0 (91.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −12.4 (9.7) |
−8.7 (16.3) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
9.6 (49.3) |
17.1 (62.8) |
20.7 (69.3) |
21.2 (70.2) |
20.0 (68.0) |
16.2 (61.2) |
9.0 (48.2) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
6.7 (44.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −18.2 (−0.8) |
−15.7 (3.7) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
2.6 (36.7) |
9.2 (48.6) |
13.1 (55.6) |
14.2 (57.6) |
12.7 (54.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
1.9 (35.4) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−0.3 (31.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −24.0 (−11.2) |
−22.8 (−9.0) |
−15.9 (3.4) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
1.3 (34.3) |
5.4 (41.7) |
7.2 (45.0) |
5.4 (41.7) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−15.2 (4.6) |
−21.2 (−6.2) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −52.9 (−63.2) |
−50.9 (−59.6) |
−49.5 (−57.1) |
−30.5 (−22.9) |
−15.2 (4.6) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
−32.2 (−26.0) |
−40.7 (−41.3) |
−51.6 (−60.9) |
−52.9 (−63.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 11.3 (0.44) |
8.2 (0.32) |
10.6 (0.42) |
12.4 (0.49) |
14.5 (0.57) |
43.1 (1.70) |
62.3 (2.45) |
49.6 (1.95) |
19.9 (0.78) |
16.5 (0.65) |
17.5 (0.69) |
20.7 (0.81) |
286.6 (11.27) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 1.2 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 7.0 | 10.5 | 9.0 | 4.6 | 3.1 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 45.9 |
| Source: NOAA (1973-1990)[23] | |||||||||||||
It's a Great Big Beautiful Tomorrow Lunar Civil War infobox (WIP)
| Lunar Civil War | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of post-revolutionary conflicts | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Pro-scientific explorers | Pro-colonization explorers | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Vivion de Valera | Marvel Parsons | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 125 | 80 | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
|
7 killed 3 wounded 2 habitats destroyed |
5 killed 2 wounded 1 refinery destroyed 2 rovers destroyed | ||||||
|
9 noncombatants killed, 1 wounded (explosive decompression) 1 resupply craft destroyed | |||||||
ZEPP infobox (WIP)
| ZEPP (Zero Emissions Power Plant) | |
|---|---|
| Status | Operational |
| Construction began | 1970 |
| Commission date | 1971 |
| Operator | World Electrical Confederation |
| Employees | 11 |
| Thermal power station | |
| Primary fuel | Crude oil |
| Secondary fuel | Dry sewage |
| Turbine technology | Humphrey cycle gas turbine (stoichiometric oxy-fuel combustion) |
| Chimneys | 0 |
| Cooling towers | 0 |
| Cooling source | Air-cooled |
| Combined cycle? | No |
| Cogeneration? | No |
| IWPP? | Yes |
| IWPP purification method | Exhaust condensation |
| IWPP water output | 8,850 cubic metres per day (312,535 cu ft/d) |
| Thermal capacity | 3350 MW |
| Power generation | |
| Nameplate capacity | 2145 MW |
Alternate (Blood on the Risers?) Su-5 infobox (WIP)
Based on Sukhoi Su-5, List of jet aircraft of World War II, etc.
| Su-5 | |
|---|---|
| Role | |
| National origin | Soviet Union |
| Manufacturer | Sukhoi |
| First flight | 6 April 1945 |
| Primary users | Soviet Air Force |
| Produced | 1944–1957 |
It's a Great Big Beautiful Tomorrow Aeliomargarine infobox (WIP)
| Alternative names | Aelio, DAC margarine |
|---|---|
| Type | spread, butter substitute |
| Place of origin | former Germany |
| Associated cuisine | prominent in Antarctican, Martian, and Venusian cuisine |
| Created by | Arthur Imhausen |
| Invented | 1943 |
| Main ingredients | Atmospheric carbon dioxide and water reduced into fatty acids and triglycerides |
| Ingredients generally used |
|
| 95 kcal (400 kJ) | |
| Similar dishes | Oleomargarine |
New content section #6
New content section #7
New content section #8
New content section #9
It's a Great Big Beautiful Tomorrow Chapman Incident infobox
| Chapman incident | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of post-revolutionary conflicts, 1983–5 HIV/AIDS pandemic | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Empire of Liberty | |||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
 Arnold Chapman † |
Many participants, including... Anh Nguyễn Dûng Trân    Oswald Mitchell | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
|
11 members 2 helicopters 1 technical 3 flammenwerfers 3 heavy machine guns |
steady build-up to: 62 members 1 reconnaissance plane 2 technicals 3 rocket-propelled grenade launchers | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
|
9 killed 2 captured 2 helicopters destroyed 1 technical destroyed |
10 killed 16 wounded 1 technical destroyed | ||||||
|
57+ noncombatants killed 118+ noncombatants wounded 3 settlements near Nam Đàn heavily damaged | |||||||
References
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- ^ [2] Archived 14 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine
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{{cite web}}: Empty citation (help) - ^
{{cite web}}: Empty citation (help) - ^ "Climate CORBETA URUGUAY DN - Climate Data (889460)". Tutiempo Network, S.L. Retrieved June 14, 2020.
- ^
{{cite web}}: Empty citation (help) - ^ "London Heathrow Airport". Met Office. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ NOAA. "1981–2010 US Climate Normals". NOAA. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
- ^ Weather2travel.com. "Weather2travel Death Valley Climate". Retrieved 16 June 2011.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., and McMahon, T. A.: Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 1633–1644, 200 7.
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) Cite error: The named reference "NOAA" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page). - ^ "About tule fog". noaa.gov. Archived from the original on December 30, 2010. Retrieved September 25, 2010.
- ^ "home Home".
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