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Colubroidea

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Colubroidea
Eastern ratsnake (Pantherophis alleghaniensis)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Clade: Colubroides
Superfamily: Colubroidea
Oppel, 1811
Families

Colubroidea is a superfamily of snakes in the clade Colubroides that include Colubridae and a few other related families. Historically, Colubroidea also included other caenophidian snakes such as cobras and vipers, as these snakes form a clade. However these groups are now divided into several distinct, but related, families.[1][2][3][4] Zaher et al. (2009) proposed to redefine Colubroidea for colubrids and related families, while designating Colubroides as the group containing vipers and cobras as well as colubroids.[1]

Classification

Taxa[1][2][3][4]


Phylogeny[1][2][3][4]

Colubroidea

Fossil Colubroidea

North America

Mexico
Colubroidea is located in Mexico
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
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Locations of Colubroidea fossil finds in Mexico
Cueva de Abra Travertine
Goleta Formation#
Las Tunas Wash; Jeffries Site
Find NALMA Formation Notes Refs
Colubrinae indet. Pleistocene Cueva de Abra Travertine Described from Cueva de Abra Travertine in Tamaulipas by W. W. Dalquest and E. Roth. 1970. Late Pleistocene mammals from a cave in Tamaulipas, Mexico. Southwestern Naturalist 15(2):217-230 [5]
?Pituophis sp. Blancan Described from Las Tunas Wash; Jeffries Site in Baja California Sur by W. E. Miller. 1980. The Late Pliocene Las Tunas Local Fauna from Southernmost Baja California, Mexico. Journal of Paleontology 54(4):762-805 [6]
Lampropeltis intermedius Blancan Goleta Described from locality in Michoacán by C. A. Repenning. 1962. The Giant Ground Squirrel Paenemarmota. Journal of Paleontology 36(3):540-556 [7]

South America

Colubroidea is located in South America
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
Colubroidea
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Locations of Colubroidea fossil finds in South America
Pleisto-Holocene ages
Pliocene ages
Miocene ages
Legend
Find SALMA Basin Formation Country Notes Refs
"Colubroidea sp." sic Laventan VSM Villavieja  Colombia Described from same Los Mangos Fishbed in Huila; Colombophis portai and Eunectes stirtoni by R. Hoffstetter and J.-C. Rage. 1977. Le gisement de vertébrés Miocènes de La Venta (Colombie) et sa faune de serpents. Annales de Paléontologie (Vertébrés) 63(2):161-190 [8]
indet. ChasicoanMayoanLaventan Solimões Solimões  Brazil Described from Talismã, upper Purus River locality in Amazonas; the snakes Colombophis spinosus, aff. Epicrates sp., Eunectes sp. , the turtle Chelonoidis sp., crocodylians Acresuchus pachytemporalis and Caiman brevirostris, lizard cf. Paradracaena sp., and many mammals by Template:Cite LSA [9]
Colubrinae indet. Holocene Subandean Belt Ñuapua  Bolivia Described from Ñuapua 2 locality in Chuquisaca; snakes Tupinambis teguixin, Boidae indet., Crotalidae indet., turtles, frogs Leptodactylus cf. ocellatus, Bufo cf. paracnemis, birds Crypturellus tataupa, Podiceps minor, Podiceps auritus cornutus, Platalea ajaja, Rhea cf. americana, Anas sp., Coccyzus sp., Dendrocygna sp., Jacana sp., Nyctibius sp., Platalea sp., cf. Rhynchotus sp., Columbidae indet., Falconidae indet., Passeriformes indet., Rallidae indet., fossils of Tolypeutus matacus, Ceratrophrys cf. ornata, and Leposternon sp., and many mammals including Homo sapiens by Template:Cite LSA [10]
indet. Chapadmalalan Sierras de Córdoba Brochero  Argentina Described from Valle de Traslasierra - Paso del Río Arriba and Pedernara Cliffs locality in Córdoba; with Rhinella cf. arenarum, R. cf. spinulosa, Teius sp., ?Liolaemus sp., Iguanidae indet. and the mammals Chukimys favaloroi and Echimyidae indet. by L. E. Cruz, J. C. Fernicola, and C. A. Carignano. 2018. New Vertebrates of the Brochero Formation (Córdoba, Argentina): A Review of the Pliocene of Central Argentina. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 25:315-326 [11]
indet. Chasicoan Colorado Cerro Azul  Argentina Described from Cerro La Bota locality in La Pampa; reported with many mammal fossils by Template:Cite LSA [12]
indet. Montehermosan Claromecó Monte Hermoso  Argentina From several localities in Buenos Aires; reported by R. L. Tomassini, C. I. Montalvo, C.M. Deschamps and T. Manera. 2013. Biostratigraphy and biochronology of the Monte Hermoso Formation (early Pliocene) at its type locality, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 48:31-42 and C. M. Deschamps, G. I. Esteban, and M. S. Bargo. 2001. El registro más antiguo del género Lestodon Gervais, 1855 (Xenarthra, Tardigrada, Mylodontidae) (Montehermosense, Plioceno Temprano). Ameghiniana 38(2):151-156 [13][14][15][16]
indet. Colhuehuapian Golfo San Jorge Trelew Mb of Sarmiento  Argentina Described from same Gaiman locality in Chubut; Gaimanophis tenuis, Waincophis sp., the turtle Chelonoidis gringorum and many mammals by A. M. Albino. 1996. Snakes from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina) Part I: The Booidea. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 199(3):417-434 [17]
indet. Santacrucian Austral Rio Pinturas  Argentina From Río Pinturas locality in Santa Cruz; reported by A. M. Albino. 1996. Snakes from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina) Part II: The Colubroidea. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 200(3):353-360 [18]
indet. Santacrucian Austral Santa Cruz  Argentina Sole reptile described from Santa Cruz Formation locality in Santa Cruz together with the terror birds Psilopterus bachmanni, P. lemoinei, Phororhacos longissimus, Patagornis marshi, Brontornis burmeisteri, penguin Paraptenodytes antarcticus and other birds Eoneornis australis, Eutelornis patagonicus, Anisolornis excavatus, Protibis cnemialis, Opisthodactylus patagonicus, Liptornis hesternus, and many mammals by A. M. Albino. 1996. Snakes from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina) Part II: The Colubroidea. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 200(3):353-360 & Template:Cite LSA}} [19][20]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Zaher, H.; Grazziotin, F. G.; Cadle, J. E.; Murphy, R. M.; Cesar de Moura-Leite, J.; Bonatto, S. L. (2009). "Molecular phylogeny of advanced snakes (Serpentes, Caenophidia) with an emphasis on South American Xenodontines: a revised classification and descriptions of new taxa". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. 49 (11): 115–153. doi:10.1590/S0031-10492009001100001.
  2. ^ a b c Grazziotin, F. G.; Zaher, H.; Murphy, R. W.; Srocchi, G.; Benavides, M. A.; Zhang, Y.; Bonatto, S. L. (2012). "Molecular phylogeny of the new world Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal". Cladistics. 28 (5): 437–459. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00393.x.
  3. ^ a b c Pyron; Burbrink; Wiens (2013). "A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13: 93. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-93. PMC 3682911. PMID 23627680.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  4. ^ a b c Figueroa, A.; McKelvy, A. D.; Grismer, L. L.; Bell, C. D.; Lailvaux, S. P. (2016). "A species-level phylogeny of extant snakes with description of a new colubrid subfamily and genus". PLOS ONE. 11 (9): e0161070. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1161070F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161070. PMC 5014348. PMID 27603205.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
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