Zero-mode waveguide

A zero-mode waveguide is an optical waveguide that guides light energy into a volume that is small in all dimensions compared to the wavelength of the light.

Zero-mode waveguides have been developed for rapid parallel sensing of zeptolitre sample volumes, as applied to gene sequencing, by Pacific Biosciences (previously named Nanofluidics, Inc.)^[1]

A waveguide operated at frequencies lower than its cutoff frequency (wavelengths longer than its cutoff wavelength) and used as a precision attenuator is also known as a "waveguide below-cutoff attenuator."^[2]

References

^ Jan Kieleczawa (2004). DNA sequencing: optimizing the process and analysis. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 190. ISBN 978-0-7637-4782-4.
^ D. H. Russell (Dec 1997). "The waveguide below-cutoff attenuation standard". IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Technology. 45 (12): 2408–2413. Bibcode:1997ITMTT..45.2408R. doi:10.1109/22.643852. S2CID 6236996.

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[1] Jan Kieleczawa (2004). DNA sequencing: optimizing the process and analysis. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 190. ISBN 978-0-7637-4782-4.

[2] D. H. Russell (Dec 1997). "The waveguide below-cutoff attenuation standard". IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Technology. 45 (12): 2408–2413. Bibcode:1997ITMTT..45.2408R. doi:10.1109/22.643852. S2CID 6236996.

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See also

References