„Bassline (Musikgenre)“ – Versionsunterschied
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{{Infobox music genre |
{{Infobox music genre |
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| name = Bassline |
| name = Bassline |
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| color = black |
| color = black |
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| bgcolor = silver |
| bgcolor = silver |
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| stylistic_origins = [[Speed garage]] |
| stylistic_origins = {{hlist|[[Speed garage]]|[[Italo house]]|[[UK garage]]|[[Grime music|grime]]}} |
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| cultural_origins = Early |
| cultural_origins = Early 1997, [[Sheffield]], [[United Kingdom]] |
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| instruments = [[Turntablism|Turntables]] |
| instruments = {{hlist|[[Turntablism|Turntables]]|[[drum machines]]|[[Music sequencer|sequencer]]|[[synthesizer]]|[[Sampler (musical instrument)|samplers]]|[[personal computer]]}} |
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| popularity = Underground but with some chart success |
| popularity = Underground but with some chart success |
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| subgenrelist = |
| subgenrelist = |
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| subgenres = |
| subgenres = Organ house |
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| fusiongenres = |
| fusiongenres = |
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| regional_scenes = |
| regional_scenes = |
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| other_topics = [[Speed garage]] |
| other_topics = {{hlist|[[Speed garage]]|[[bouncy techno]]}} |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Bassline''' is a type of music related to [[UK garage]] that originated from [[speed garage]], and shares characteristics with fellow subgenres [[dubstep]] and [[grime |
'''Bassline''' (or sometimes referred to as '''bassline house''') is a type of music related to [[UK garage]] that originated from [[speed garage]], and shares characteristics with fellow subgenres [[dubstep]] and [[grime music|grime]] for their emphasis on [[bass (sound)|bass]]. The style originated in [[Sheffield]] around 1997.<ref name="guard1">{{cite news | first=Hattie | last=Collins | coauthors= | title=Deep down and dirty | date=29 November 2007 | publisher= | url =http://music.guardian.co.uk/urban/story/0,,2218668,00.html | work =The Guardian | pages = | accessdate = 16 December 2007 | language = }}</ref> |
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Bassline was a cause of controversy in Sheffield due to a [[police raid]] |
Bassline was a cause of controversy in Sheffield due to a [[police raid]] at the former bassline nightclub "Niche", resulting in its closure. Since it was the most popular bassline nightclub in Sheffield prior to its closure, "Niche" is sometimes used as an alternative name for the musical genre. Like grime, bassline was associated with violence, anti-social behaviour and criminal activity during the time of its rise to popularity.<ref>“Bassline House Looks to Find a Niche Where Grime Failed”. 17 October 2007. 13 March 2007. http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/music/2007/10/bassline_house_looks_to_find_a.html</ref> |
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==Characteristics== |
==Characteristics== |
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Early bassline shares more similarities with its predecessor speed garage than the style that began to emerge in the latter half of the decade, with many people still referring to bassline house releases from the early 2000s as speed garage. This early style grew from the sound that was pushed in nightclubs in the North and the Midlands during the late 90s that played speed garage mixed with melodic vocal house. Most early bassline house tracks simply expanded on this as many tracks feature either 'warp' or 'reese' speed garage basslines, or the [[Korg M1]] style organ lead. This led to many releases having a 'warper' mix along with an 'organ' mix of the same track. Like most electronic music, sampling played a big part, as lots of the same sampled basslines can be heard in old speed garage and bassline house releases. |
Early bassline shares more similarities with its predecessor speed garage than the style that began to emerge in the latter half of the decade, with many people still referring to bassline house releases from the early 2000s as speed garage. This early style grew from the sound that was pushed in nightclubs in the North and the Midlands during the late 90s that played speed garage mixed with melodic vocal house. Most early bassline house tracks simply expanded on this as many tracks feature either 'warp' or 'reese' speed garage basslines, or the [[Korg M1]] style organ lead. This led to many releases having a 'warper' mix along with an 'organ' mix of the same track. Like most electronic music, sampling played a big part, as lots of the same sampled basslines can be heard in old speed garage and bassline house releases. |
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Towards the end of the 2000s, a new wave of younger producers such as TS7, coupled with the rise of [[Digital audio workstations]], which reduced the use of drum machine samples and old sampled basslines, took bassline to a different path. This style started to be called '4x4', moving further away from the original speed garage sound, but still retaining the core elements such as the warping basslines and female vocals. In general, bassline as a whole remained fairly underground and was mostly only popular in the North and Midlands, and releases often never went beyond a 12" vinyl EP, or featuring on obscure CD mixes or compilations. However, 4x4 Bassline gained popularity on the pop charts and allegedly one reason for this is it appeals to both genders, while grime and dubstep at the time gathered a predominantly male following.<ref>Beck, Richard. "The Low End: The Bassline House Invasion". February |
Towards the end of the 2000s, a new wave of younger producers such as TS7, coupled with the rise of [[Digital audio workstations]], which reduced the use of drum machine samples and old sampled basslines, took bassline to a different path. This style started to be called '4x4', moving further away from the original speed garage sound, but still retaining the core elements such as the warping basslines and female vocals. In general, bassline as a whole remained fairly underground and was mostly only popular in the North and Midlands, and releases often never went beyond a 12" vinyl EP, or featuring on obscure CD mixes or compilations. However, 4x4 Bassline gained popularity on the pop charts and allegedly one reason for this is it appeals to both genders, while grime and dubstep at the time gathered a predominantly male following.<ref>Beck, Richard. "The Low End: The Bassline House Invasion". 26 February 2008. 13 March 2008. {{cite web|url=http://thephoenix.com/article_ektid56914.aspx |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2008-03-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704151733/http://thephoenix.com/article_ektid56914.aspx |archivedate=4 July 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref> However, a more aggressive style of bassline also caught on, which was absent of pitched up female vocals and melodic leads, and was more reminiscent of grime.{{citation needed|date=May 2014}} It became common for people to MC over bassline. |
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Like [[dubstep]] and [[grime (music)|grime]], bassline generally places a strong emphasis on bass,<ref name="guard1"/> with intricate basslines (often multiple and interweaving) being characteristic of the genre.<ref name="k-punk">K-Punk, "[http://www.factmagazinearchive.co.uk/da/67961 Bassline House and the Return of Feminine Pressure]," [[Fact Magazine (UK)|Fact Magazine]], January 2008.</ref> Bassline tracks use a [[four-to-the-floor]] beat.<ref name="k-punk"/> The music is often purely instrumental, but vocal techniques common in other styles of garage can also be present, such as female [[contemporary R&B|R&B]] vocals sped up to match the faster tempo, and also samples of vocals from grime tracks.<ref name="guard1"/> Most songs are around 135 to 142 [[beats per minute|bpm]], faster than most [[UK garage]] and around the same tempo as most grime and dubstep. |
Like [[dubstep]] and [[grime (music)|grime]], bassline generally places a strong emphasis on bass,<ref name="guard1"/> with intricate basslines (often multiple and interweaving) being characteristic of the genre.<ref name="k-punk">K-Punk, "[http://www.factmagazinearchive.co.uk/da/67961 Bassline House and the Return of Feminine Pressure] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090908160026/http://www.factmagazinearchive.co.uk/da/67961 |date=8 September 2009 }}," [[Fact Magazine (UK)|Fact Magazine]], January 2008.</ref> Bassline tracks use a [[four-to-the-floor]] beat.<ref name="k-punk"/> The music is often purely instrumental, but vocal techniques common in other styles of garage can also be present, such as female [[contemporary R&B|R&B]] vocals sped up to match the faster tempo, and also samples of vocals from grime tracks.<ref name="guard1"/> Most songs are around 135 to 142 [[beats per minute|bpm]], faster than most [[UK garage]] and around the same tempo as most grime and dubstep. |
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The increased appeal of bassline may be in part due to the vocal contributions of female artists such as [[Jodie Aysha]]. The lyrics of bassline are often focused on love and other issues that may be considered more feminine.<ref name="k-punk"/> In a blog posting, [[Simon Reynolds]] described the bassline genre as "the drastic pendulum swing from [[Yin and yang|yang to yin]], [[testosterone]] to [[oestrogen]], that I had always imagined would happen in reaction to grime, except it took so long to happen I gave up on it and just forgot."<ref name="k-punk"/> It has been argued that grime and dubstep originated in turn from "an over-reaction - to the 'feminine pressure' of late-'90s 2-step."<ref name="k-punk"/> |
The increased appeal of bassline may be in part due to the vocal contributions of female artists such as [[Jodie Aysha]]. The lyrics of bassline are often focused on love and other issues that may be considered more feminine.<ref name="k-punk"/> In a blog posting, [[Simon Reynolds]] described the bassline genre as "the drastic pendulum swing from [[Yin and yang|yang to yin]], [[testosterone]] to [[oestrogen]], that I had always imagined would happen in reaction to grime, except it took so long to happen I gave up on it and just forgot."<ref name="k-punk"/> It has been argued that grime and dubstep originated in turn from "an over-reaction - to the 'feminine pressure' of late-'90s 2-step."<ref name="k-punk"/> |
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Together with its return to feminine-style music, bassline is said to embrace pop music aesthetics, and to have a euphoric, exuberant quality similar to that of earlier British [[rave music]] - both also in contrast to grime and dubstep.<ref name="k-punk"/> |
Together with its return to feminine-style music, bassline is said to embrace pop music aesthetics, and to have a euphoric, exuberant quality similar to that of earlier British [[rave music]] - both also in contrast to grime and dubstep.<ref name="k-punk"/> |
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Bassline has been described as largely similar, and in some cases synonymous, with its precursor [[2-step garage]], a description denied by proponents of the scene. The 4x4 beat of bassline has been noted as a difference between the two.<ref name="k-punk"/> Producer [[T2 (producer)|T2]] maintains the genres share a common origin in [[house music]] but are different sounds, while major bassline distributor and DJ Mystic Matt describes bassline as having a similar rhythm to UK garage, but that the strong emphasis on bass renders it a separate genre.<ref name="voice">{{cite news | |
Bassline has been described as largely similar, and in some cases synonymous, with its precursor [[2-step garage]], a description denied by proponents of the scene. The 4x4 beat of bassline has been noted as a difference between the two.<ref name="k-punk"/> Producer [[T2 (producer)|T2]] maintains the genres share a common origin in [[house music]] but are different sounds, while major bassline distributor and DJ Mystic Matt describes bassline as having a similar rhythm to UK garage, but that the strong emphasis on bass renders it a separate genre.<ref name="voice">{{cite news |first=Davina |last=Morris |coauthors= |title=Niche: The new garage? |date=29 November 2007 |publisher= |url=http://www.voice-online.co.uk/content.php?show=12443 |work=The Voice |pages= |accessdate=16 December 2007 |language= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090404093040/http://www.voice-online.co.uk/content.php?show=12443 |archivedate=4 April 2009 |df=dmy }}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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===Niche Nightclub=== |
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[[Image:Niche.jpg|thumb|right|upright|The storefront of Niche in 2008]] |
[[Image:Niche.jpg|thumb|right|upright|The storefront of Niche in 2008]] |
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Bassline originated from the Niche Nightclub in Sheffield |
Bassline originated from the Niche Nightclub in Sheffield which opened in 1992 and closed on<ref name="becks">{{cite news|first= |last= |coauthors= |title=David Beckham digs bassline |date=12 December 2007 |publisher= |url=http://www.centralstation.com.au/articles/shownews.asp?newsid=6744 |work=Central Station |pages= |accessdate=16 December 2007 |language= }}{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> 27 November 2005,<ref>[http://www.nicheallniter.co.uk/ Niche Nightclub Website]</ref> following a police raid named "Operation Repatriation", where over 300 police officers raided the club, although no one was arrested.<ref name="rwd">{{cite news|first=Hattie |last=Collins |coauthors= |title=About To Blow! Bassline |date= |publisher= |url=http://www.rwdmag.com/articles/6487/About-To-Blow-Bassline.html |work=RWD Magazine |pages= |accessdate=16 December 2007 |language= |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212163759/http://www.rwdmag.com/articles/6487/About-To-Blow-Bassline.html |archivedate=12 December 2007 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }}</ref> The police force had expressed fears that the scene attracted violence, gang culture and crime,<ref name="guard1"/><ref name="voice" /> largely from outside of Sheffield.<ref name="rwd" /> |
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Sheffield's police force have stated "the only gun crime related to nightlife in Sheffield has been with bassline", and that many [[shooting]]s, [[stabbing]]s and [[drive-by]]s have occurred in and around bassline nightclubs including Niche. Steve Baxendale, the former owner of Niche Nightclub, has also expressed that the closure of the club that brought bassline into the spotlight has helped to increase the genre's popularity,<ref name="guard1"/> but also that organizing bassline nights has become significantly harder, as club owners are put off by its early history.<ref name="rwd" /> In 2009, Baxendale opened another venue in Sheffield called Niche nightclub on Charter Square located at different premises from the original Sidney Street building. It was briefly closed after another stabbing in 2010 but allowed to reopen as a members-only venue. As of 25 October 2010, the club had again been closed down permanently.<ref> |
Sheffield's police force have stated "the only gun crime related to nightlife in Sheffield has been with bassline", and that many [[shooting]]s, [[stabbing]]s and [[drive-by]]s have occurred in and around bassline nightclubs including Niche. Steve Baxendale, the former owner of Niche Nightclub, has also expressed that the closure of the club that brought bassline into the spotlight has helped to increase the genre's popularity,<ref name="guard1"/> but also that organizing bassline nights has become significantly harder, as club owners are put off by its early history.<ref name="rwd" /> In 2009, Baxendale opened another venue in Sheffield called Niche nightclub on Charter Square located at different premises from the original Sidney Street building. It was briefly closed after another stabbing in 2010 but allowed to reopen as a members-only venue. As of 25 October 2010, the club had again been closed down permanently.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nicheuk.com/brNiche/FAQs.aspx |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-11-12 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130523181831/http://www.nicheuk.com/brNiche/FAQs.aspx |archivedate=23 May 2013 |df=dmy }}</ref> It was demolished in August 2016. A new venue opened on 28 January 2017 with a minimum age requirement of 21 for women and 25 for men.{{cn}} |
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===Emergence into the mainstream=== |
===Emergence into the mainstream=== |
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{{Listen|filename=T2-Heartbroken-sample.ogg|title=T2 feat. Jodie Aysha - Heartbroken (2007)|description=Excerpt from "Heartbroken" by T2, one of the most widely known bassline tracks and the first to be internationally popular.}} |
{{Listen|filename=T2-Heartbroken-sample.ogg|title=T2 feat. Jodie Aysha - Heartbroken (2007)|description=Excerpt from "Heartbroken" by T2, one of the most widely known bassline tracks and the first to be internationally popular.}} |
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Bassline was an underground scene in the [[West Midlands (region)|West Midlands]] (Birmingham) and the north of England until the release of [[T2 (producer)|T2]]'s single "[[Heartbroken (T2 song)|Heartbroken]]" on [[All Around the World (record label)|All Around The World]],<ref name="guard2" /> which attracted international attention, entering the music charts in several countries, including the [[UK Singles Chart]] where it reached #2.<ref name="becks" /> Grime MC [[Skepta]] reported from a tour of several resorts in [[Greece]] and [[Cyprus]] in summer 2007 that the track was requested in clubs there.<ref name="guard1"/><ref name="becks"/> Additionally, the track received significant airplay on UK radio stations. Some music critics have said Bassline is more mainstream-friendly than [[grime (music)|grime]], since it appeals more equally to both sexes, whereas grime gathered a predominantly male following.<ref name="guard2">{{cite news | first=John | last=McDonnell | coauthors= | title=Bassline house looks to find a niche where grime failed | date= |
Bassline was an underground scene in the [[West Midlands (region)|West Midlands]] (Birmingham) and the north of England until the release of [[T2 (producer)|T2]]'s single "[[Heartbroken (T2 song)|Heartbroken]]" on [[All Around the World (record label)|All Around The World]],<ref name="guard2" /> which attracted international attention, entering the music charts in several countries, including the [[UK Singles Chart]] where it reached #2.<ref name="becks" /> Grime MC [[Skepta]] reported from a tour of several resorts in [[Greece]] and [[Cyprus]] in summer 2007 that the track was requested in clubs there.<ref name="guard1"/><ref name="becks"/> Additionally, the track received significant airplay on UK radio stations. Some music critics have said Bassline is more mainstream-friendly than [[grime (music)|grime]], since it appeals more equally to both sexes, whereas grime gathered a predominantly male following.<ref name="guard2">{{cite news | first=John | last=McDonnell | coauthors= | title=Bassline house looks to find a niche where grime failed | date=17 October 2007 | publisher= | url =http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/music/2007/10/bassline_house_looks_to_find_a.html | work =The Guardian | pages = | accessdate = 19 January 2008 | language = }}</ref><ref name="guard3">{{cite news | first=Hattie | last=Collins | coauthors= | title=Get down to dirty pop and bassline | date=3 November 2007 | publisher= | url =https://www.theguardian.com/theguide/music/story/0,,2203021,00.html | work =The Guardian | pages = | accessdate = 19 January 2008 | language = }}</ref> |
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In December 2007, a reworked version of "Heartbroken", renamed "Jawbroken", created in aid of [[Ricky Hatton]]'s world title fight against [[Floyd Mayweather]], was selected as warm-up music for the fight.<ref name="becks"/><ref>{{cite news | first= | last= | coauthors= | title=Hatton's Round T2 Knockout | date=2007 |
In December 2007, a reworked version of "Heartbroken", renamed "Jawbroken", created in aid of [[Ricky Hatton]]'s world title fight against [[Floyd Mayweather]], was selected as warm-up music for the fight.<ref name="becks"/><ref>{{cite news | first= | last= | coauthors= | title=Hatton's Round T2 Knockout | date=7 December 2007 | publisher= | url =http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/showbiz/bizarre/article554387.ece | work =The Sun | pages = | accessdate = 19 December 2007 | language = }}</ref> |
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T2 has expressed that he is pleased with "Heartbroken"'s success, and with bassline's emergence into the mainstream and its potential to become popular in the rest of the UK and internationally.<ref name="guard1"/> After T2's success, [[H "Two" O]] released their single featuring vocal group [[Platnum]], "[[What's It Gonna Be (H "Two" O song)|What's It Gonna Be]]" which reached number 7 in the national charts on downloads alone, rising to number 2<ref>[http://theofficialcharts.com/top40_singles_last.php?week=8&end=02/03/2008%20-%2008/03/2008 Official UK Top 40 week ending 8/3/08]</ref><ref>[http://theofficialcharts.com/top40_singles_last.php?week=7&end=09/03/2008%20-%2015/03/2008 Official UK Top 40 week ending 15/3/08]</ref> the following week, where it remained for the next 3 weeks. Later in the year, one of London's leading bassline producers, Delinquent, signed a deal with [[All Around the World (record label)|All Around The World]] for another national release, "My Destiny".<ref name="rwd" /> |
T2 has expressed that he is pleased with "Heartbroken"'s success, and with bassline's emergence into the mainstream and its potential to become popular in the rest of the UK and internationally.<ref name="guard1"/> After T2's success, [[H "Two" O]] released their single featuring vocal group [[Platnum]], "[[What's It Gonna Be (H "Two" O song)|What's It Gonna Be]]" which reached number 7 in the national charts on downloads alone, rising to number 2<ref>[http://theofficialcharts.com/top40_singles_last.php?week=8&end=02/03/2008%20-%2008/03/2008 Official UK Top 40 week ending 8/3/08]</ref><ref>[http://theofficialcharts.com/top40_singles_last.php?week=7&end=09/03/2008%20-%2015/03/2008 Official UK Top 40 week ending 15/3/08]</ref> the following week, where it remained for the next 3 weeks. Later in the year, one of London's leading bassline producers, Delinquent, signed a deal with [[All Around the World (record label)|All Around The World]] for another national release, "My Destiny".<ref name="rwd" /> |
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===Post mainstream era=== |
===Post mainstream era=== |
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After |
After its success through the mid to late 2000s Bassline began to enter a stage of commercial decline. This was mainly driven by the genre not having a presence in nightclubs as it did previously.<ref>https://www.vice.com/en_uk/read/the-rise-and-fall-of-bassline</ref> At this point the genre started to combine elements from older 2-Step and [[UK Garage]] tracks. Artists like 1st Born, Mr Virgo, Freddo, TRC and DJ Q pioneered the new sound which called upon more highly swung beats instead of the classic 4x4 drums that were used in old school Bassline tracks. The music at this time was mainly championed by [[DJ Q]] via his weekly spot on [[BBC Radio 1Xtra]].<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0071rkt</ref> |
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In July 2012 ''[[The Independent]]'' featured an article about the progress of Bassline and the new sound.<ref>http://blogs.independent.co.uk/2012/01/23/dj-q-bassline%E2%80%99s-breaking-through-even-more-than-when-it-was-commercially-successful/</ref> |
In July 2012 ''[[The Independent]]'' featured an article about the progress of Bassline and the new sound.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.independent.co.uk/2012/01/23/dj-q-bassline%E2%80%99s-breaking-through-even-more-than-when-it-was-commercially-successful/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-03-10 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402111417/http://blogs.independent.co.uk/2012/01/23/dj-q-bassline%E2%80%99s-breaking-through-even-more-than-when-it-was-commercially-successful/ |archivedate=2 April 2015 |df=dmy }}</ref> |
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On 1 January 2013 [[Dizzee Rascal]] released his song [[Bassline Junkie]] which peaked at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart without being officially released as a single.<ref>http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20130210/7501</ref> |
On 1 January 2013 [[Dizzee Rascal]] released his song [[Bassline Junkie]] which peaked at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart without being officially released as a single.<ref>http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20130210/7501</ref> |
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With Bassline as a scene in decline and nightclub owners still unwilling to |
With Bassline as a scene in decline and nightclub owners still unwilling to carry out events, there was a resurgence in the music as a sound and party culture mainly due to the warehouse and rave culture in the North of England.<ref>http://boilerroom.tv/perspectives-basslines-brief-bubble-of-fame/</ref> |
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==Notable bassline artists== |
==Notable bassline artists== |
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If a name you wish to add to this list does not have an article, you can help Wikipedia by creating one.--> |
If a name you wish to add to this list does not have an article, you can help Wikipedia by creating one.--> |
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*[[DJ Q]] |
*[[DJ Q]] |
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*[[H "Two" O]] |
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*[[T2 (producer)|T2]] |
*[[T2 (producer)|T2]] |
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*[[Wideboys]] |
*[[Wideboys]] |
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*[[DJ EZ]] |
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*[[Dizzee Rascal]] |
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*[[Platnum]] |
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*[[187 Lockdown]] |
*[[187 Lockdown]] |
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*[[ |
*[[Trilla]] |
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<!--STOP ADDING ARTISTS WITHOUT ARTICLES TO THIS LIST |
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*[[Agent X (producers)|Agent X]] |
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If a name you wish to add to this list does not have an article, you can help Wikipedia by creating one.--> |
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*[[OffMenut Records]] |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*Niche-backintheday: http://www.nichebackintheday.com/ Niche back in the day material, photos, music, Niche news. |
*Niche-backintheday: http://www.nichebackintheday.com/ Niche back in the day material, photos, music, Niche news. |
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* MadTunez: http://www.madtunez.com, Oldskool Bassline forum and free downloads. |
* MadTunez: http://www.madtunez.com, Oldskool Bassline forum and free downloads. |
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*Hattie Collins: [http://www.rwdmag.com/articles/6487/About-To-Blow-Bassline.html About To Blow! Bassline], MTV Base and RWD Magazine feature, December 2007 |
*Hattie Collins: [https://web.archive.org/web/20071212163759/http://www.rwdmag.com/articles/6487/About-To-Blow-Bassline.html About To Blow! Bassline], MTV Base and RWD Magazine feature, December 2007 |
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*Causes: http://www.causes.com/causes/563248, Support Niche Back To Sidney Street, 2011 |
*Causes: http://www.causes.com/causes/563248, Support Niche Back To Sidney Street, 2011 |
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{{UK garage}} |
{{UK garage}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bassline (Dance Music)}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bassline (Dance Music)}} |
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Version vom 10. September 2017, 07:24 Uhr
Vorlage:Refimprove Vorlage:Use dmy dates
Bassline (or sometimes referred to as bassline house) is a type of music related to UK garage that originated from speed garage, and shares characteristics with fellow subgenres dubstep and grime for their emphasis on bass. The style originated in Sheffield around 1997.[1]
Bassline was a cause of controversy in Sheffield due to a police raid at the former bassline nightclub "Niche", resulting in its closure. Since it was the most popular bassline nightclub in Sheffield prior to its closure, "Niche" is sometimes used as an alternative name for the musical genre. Like grime, bassline was associated with violence, anti-social behaviour and criminal activity during the time of its rise to popularity.[2]
Characteristics
Early bassline shares more similarities with its predecessor speed garage than the style that began to emerge in the latter half of the decade, with many people still referring to bassline house releases from the early 2000s as speed garage. This early style grew from the sound that was pushed in nightclubs in the North and the Midlands during the late 90s that played speed garage mixed with melodic vocal house. Most early bassline house tracks simply expanded on this as many tracks feature either 'warp' or 'reese' speed garage basslines, or the Korg M1 style organ lead. This led to many releases having a 'warper' mix along with an 'organ' mix of the same track. Like most electronic music, sampling played a big part, as lots of the same sampled basslines can be heard in old speed garage and bassline house releases.
Towards the end of the 2000s, a new wave of younger producers such as TS7, coupled with the rise of Digital audio workstations, which reduced the use of drum machine samples and old sampled basslines, took bassline to a different path. This style started to be called '4x4', moving further away from the original speed garage sound, but still retaining the core elements such as the warping basslines and female vocals. In general, bassline as a whole remained fairly underground and was mostly only popular in the North and Midlands, and releases often never went beyond a 12" vinyl EP, or featuring on obscure CD mixes or compilations. However, 4x4 Bassline gained popularity on the pop charts and allegedly one reason for this is it appeals to both genders, while grime and dubstep at the time gathered a predominantly male following.[3] However, a more aggressive style of bassline also caught on, which was absent of pitched up female vocals and melodic leads, and was more reminiscent of grime.Vorlage:Citation needed It became common for people to MC over bassline.
Like dubstep and grime, bassline generally places a strong emphasis on bass,[1] with intricate basslines (often multiple and interweaving) being characteristic of the genre.[4] Bassline tracks use a four-to-the-floor beat.[4] The music is often purely instrumental, but vocal techniques common in other styles of garage can also be present, such as female R&B vocals sped up to match the faster tempo, and also samples of vocals from grime tracks.[1] Most songs are around 135 to 142 bpm, faster than most UK garage and around the same tempo as most grime and dubstep.
The increased appeal of bassline may be in part due to the vocal contributions of female artists such as Jodie Aysha. The lyrics of bassline are often focused on love and other issues that may be considered more feminine.[4] In a blog posting, Simon Reynolds described the bassline genre as "the drastic pendulum swing from yang to yin, testosterone to oestrogen, that I had always imagined would happen in reaction to grime, except it took so long to happen I gave up on it and just forgot."[4] It has been argued that grime and dubstep originated in turn from "an over-reaction - to the 'feminine pressure' of late-'90s 2-step."[4]
Together with its return to feminine-style music, bassline is said to embrace pop music aesthetics, and to have a euphoric, exuberant quality similar to that of earlier British rave music - both also in contrast to grime and dubstep.[4]
Bassline has been described as largely similar, and in some cases synonymous, with its precursor 2-step garage, a description denied by proponents of the scene. The 4x4 beat of bassline has been noted as a difference between the two.[4] Producer T2 maintains the genres share a common origin in house music but are different sounds, while major bassline distributor and DJ Mystic Matt describes bassline as having a similar rhythm to UK garage, but that the strong emphasis on bass renders it a separate genre.[5]
History
Niche Nightclub
Bassline originated from the Niche Nightclub in Sheffield which opened in 1992 and closed on[6] 27 November 2005,[7] following a police raid named "Operation Repatriation", where over 300 police officers raided the club, although no one was arrested.[8] The police force had expressed fears that the scene attracted violence, gang culture and crime,[1][5] largely from outside of Sheffield.[8]
Sheffield's police force have stated "the only gun crime related to nightlife in Sheffield has been with bassline", and that many shootings, stabbings and drive-bys have occurred in and around bassline nightclubs including Niche. Steve Baxendale, the former owner of Niche Nightclub, has also expressed that the closure of the club that brought bassline into the spotlight has helped to increase the genre's popularity,[1] but also that organizing bassline nights has become significantly harder, as club owners are put off by its early history.[8] In 2009, Baxendale opened another venue in Sheffield called Niche nightclub on Charter Square located at different premises from the original Sidney Street building. It was briefly closed after another stabbing in 2010 but allowed to reopen as a members-only venue. As of 25 October 2010, the club had again been closed down permanently.[9] It was demolished in August 2016. A new venue opened on 28 January 2017 with a minimum age requirement of 21 for women and 25 for men.Vorlage:Cn
Emergence into the mainstream
Vorlage:Listen Bassline was an underground scene in the West Midlands (Birmingham) and the north of England until the release of T2's single "Heartbroken" on All Around The World,[10] which attracted international attention, entering the music charts in several countries, including the UK Singles Chart where it reached #2.[6] Grime MC Skepta reported from a tour of several resorts in Greece and Cyprus in summer 2007 that the track was requested in clubs there.[1][6] Additionally, the track received significant airplay on UK radio stations. Some music critics have said Bassline is more mainstream-friendly than grime, since it appeals more equally to both sexes, whereas grime gathered a predominantly male following.[10][11]
In December 2007, a reworked version of "Heartbroken", renamed "Jawbroken", created in aid of Ricky Hatton's world title fight against Floyd Mayweather, was selected as warm-up music for the fight.[6][12]
T2 has expressed that he is pleased with "Heartbroken"'s success, and with bassline's emergence into the mainstream and its potential to become popular in the rest of the UK and internationally.[1] After T2's success, H "Two" O released their single featuring vocal group Platnum, "What's It Gonna Be" which reached number 7 in the national charts on downloads alone, rising to number 2[13][14] the following week, where it remained for the next 3 weeks. Later in the year, one of London's leading bassline producers, Delinquent, signed a deal with All Around The World for another national release, "My Destiny".[8]
Tony Portelli signed the M.I.RAW Recordings single DJ Q (BBC Radio 1Xtra DJ) & MC Bonez too Ministry of Sound to release the single "You Wot" nationwide for download and sale on 14 July 2008 & 21 July 2008 respectively. The video for the single has received airplay on notable TV music stations such as MTV Base. 23 Deluxe also released their single "Show Me Happiness" which reached number 2 in the Radio 1 Dance Singles Chart. "Daddy O" - a song by Wideboys reached number 32 on the 2008 UK singles chart.
Post mainstream era
After its success through the mid to late 2000s Bassline began to enter a stage of commercial decline. This was mainly driven by the genre not having a presence in nightclubs as it did previously.[15] At this point the genre started to combine elements from older 2-Step and UK Garage tracks. Artists like 1st Born, Mr Virgo, Freddo, TRC and DJ Q pioneered the new sound which called upon more highly swung beats instead of the classic 4x4 drums that were used in old school Bassline tracks. The music at this time was mainly championed by DJ Q via his weekly spot on BBC Radio 1Xtra.[16]
In July 2012 The Independent featured an article about the progress of Bassline and the new sound.[17]
On 1 January 2013 Dizzee Rascal released his song Bassline Junkie which peaked at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart without being officially released as a single.[18]
With Bassline as a scene in decline and nightclub owners still unwilling to carry out events, there was a resurgence in the music as a sound and party culture mainly due to the warehouse and rave culture in the North of England.[19]
Notable bassline artists
See also
Notes
External links
- Niche: NICHEUK.com, The Official Niche Nightclub Website
- Niche-backintheday: http://www.nichebackintheday.com/ Niche back in the day material, photos, music, Niche news.
- MadTunez: http://www.madtunez.com, Oldskool Bassline forum and free downloads.
- Hattie Collins: About To Blow! Bassline, MTV Base and RWD Magazine feature, December 2007
- Causes: http://www.causes.com/causes/563248, Support Niche Back To Sidney Street, 2011
- ↑ a b c d e f g Hattie Collins: Deep down and dirty In: The Guardian, 29 November 2007. Abgerufen im 16 December 2007
- ↑ “Bassline House Looks to Find a Niche Where Grime Failed”. 17 October 2007. 13 March 2007. http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/music/2007/10/bassline_house_looks_to_find_a.html
- ↑ Beck, Richard. "The Low End: The Bassline House Invasion". 26 February 2008. 13 March 2008. Archived copy. Archiviert vom am 4. Juli 2008; abgerufen am 13. März 2008.
- ↑ a b c d e f g K-Punk, "Bassline House and the Return of Feminine Pressure web.archive.org Fehler bei Vorlage * Parametername unbekannt (Vorlage:Webarchiv): "date" Fehler bei Vorlage:Webarchiv: Genau einer der Parameter 'wayback', 'webciteID', 'archive-today', 'archive-is' oder 'archiv-url' muss angegeben werden. Fehler bei Vorlage:Webarchiv: enWP-Wert im Parameter 'url'.," Fact Magazine, January 2008.
- ↑ a b Davina Morris: Niche: The new garage? ( des vom 4 April 2009 im Internet Archive) In: The Voice, 29 November 2007. Abgerufen im 16 December 2007
- ↑ a b c d David Beckham digs bassline In: Central Station, 12 December 2007. Abgerufen im 16 December 2007 (Seite dauerhaft nicht mehr abrufbar, festgestellt im Oktober 2016.)
- ↑ Niche Nightclub Website
- ↑ a b c d Hattie Collins: About To Blow! Bassline ( des vom 12 December 2007 im Internet Archive) In: RWD Magazine. Abgerufen im 16 December 2007
- ↑ Archived copy. Archiviert vom am 23. Mai 2013; abgerufen am 12. November 2012.
- ↑ a b John McDonnell: Bassline house looks to find a niche where grime failed In: The Guardian, 17 October 2007. Abgerufen im 19 January 2008
- ↑ Hattie Collins: Get down to dirty pop and bassline In: The Guardian, 3 November 2007. Abgerufen im 19 January 2008
- ↑ Hatton's Round T2 Knockout In: The Sun, 7 December 2007. Abgerufen im 19 December 2007
- ↑ Official UK Top 40 week ending 8/3/08
- ↑ Official UK Top 40 week ending 15/3/08
- ↑ https://www.vice.com/en_uk/read/the-rise-and-fall-of-bassline
- ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0071rkt
- ↑ Archived copy. Archiviert vom am 2. April 2015; abgerufen am 10. März 2015.
- ↑ http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20130210/7501
- ↑ http://boilerroom.tv/perspectives-basslines-brief-bubble-of-fame/