Theatre Royal (Bath) und Abtei Saint-Ruf: Unterschied zwischen den Seiten
(Unterschied zwischen Seiten)
Inhalt gelöscht Inhalt hinzugefügt
Rodw (Diskussion | Beiträge) add bibliography |
K HC: Entferne Kategorie:Denkmalgeschütztes Bauwerk in Avignon |
||
| Zeile 1: | Zeile 1: | ||
[[Datei:Abbaye Saint-Ruf d'Avignon 01.JPG|miniatur|300px|Abteikirche St-Ruf – Chorbereich]] |
|||
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}} |
|||
Die ehemalige '''Abtei Saint-Ruf''' in [[Avignon]], einer Stadt in der [[Provence]] am östlichen Ufer der [[Rhone]], wurde im 11./12. Jahrhundert errichtet. Die Reste der Abtei im heutigen Stadtviertel Saint-Ruf sind bereits seit 1889 ein geschütztes [[Baudenkmal]] (''[[Monument historique]]''). |
|||
{{Use British English|date=May 2015}} |
|||
{{Infobox Theatre |
|||
|name = Theatre Royal |
|||
|image = Theatre Royal, Bath.jpg |
|||
|caption = |
|||
|address = Sawclose, Bath, BA1 1ET |
|||
|city = [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]] |
|||
|country = [[England]] |
|||
|designation = [[listed building|Listed Building Grade II*]] |
|||
|latitude = |
|||
|longitude = |
|||
|architect = [[Thomas Greenway (architect)|Thomas Greenway]] |
|||
|owner = |
|||
|capacity = 900 |
|||
|type = Provincial |
|||
|opened = 1805 |
|||
|yearsactive = |
|||
|rebuilt = 1863 |
|||
|closed = |
|||
|othernames = |
|||
|production = |
|||
|currentuse = |
|||
|website = {{URL|www.theatreroyal.org.uk}} |
|||
}} |
|||
== Geschichte == |
|||
'''The Theatre Royal''' in [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]], England, is over 200 years old. It is one of the more important theatres in the [[United Kingdom]] outside [[London]], with capacity for an audience of around 900. |
|||
[[Datei:Saint-Ruf d'Avignon 15.JPG|mini|hochkant|Mittelapsis der Abteikirche St-Ruf]] |
|||
[[Datei:Saint-Ruf d'Avignon 11.JPG|mini|hochkant|Turm der Abteikirche St-Ruf]] |
|||
Am 1. Januar 1039 gründeten hier vier [[Kanoniker]] des [[Domkapitel]]s der [[Kathedrale von Avignon]] eine neue [[Stiftskirche]], die sich bald zu einer [[Ordensgemeinschaft]] („Ordre de Saint-Ruf“) entwickelte und viele Tochterabteien besaß. Das Mutterhaus wurde 1158 nach [[Valence]] verlegt. |
|||
Saint-Ruf wurde während der [[Katharer|Albingenserkriege]] schwer beschädigt und in der zweiten Hälfte des 12. Jahrhunderts wieder aufgebaut. Bereits im 17. Jahrhundert, auf Grund der vorangegangenen Zerstörungen, verfiel die Abtei. Heute stehen nur noch das [[Chor (Architektur)|Chorhaupt]] und das [[Querschiff]], das befestigt und mit Zinnen bekrönt ist. |
|||
The theatre building from 1805 is supplemented by two smaller and more recent studio theatres. In 2010 the theatre underwent a major refurbishment. |
|||
== |
== Chor == |
||
Der Chor besteht aus einer [[polygon]]al ummantelten Mittel[[apsis]] und zwei halbrunden seitlichen Apsiden – allesamt aus sorgfältig bearbeiteten [[Haustein]]en errichtet. Das Mittelfenster der zentralen Apsis unterscheidet sich von den seitlichen Fenstern durch eingestellte [[Säule]]n mit Kapitellen und halbrundem Wulst; die seitlichen Fenster der Mittelapsis haben nur einen umlaufenden Wulst ohne zwischengeschaltetes Kapitell. Die nur in das Mauerwerk eingeschnittenen Rundbogenfenster der Seitenapsiden werden von einem ornamentierten waagerechten [[Sturz (Architektur)|Sturz]] überfangen. |
|||
Im Innern zeigt die Mittelapsis drei [[Fenster#Bogenfenster|Rundbogenfenster]], die von [[Archivolte]]nbögen umgeben sind, die ihrerseits wiederum auf schlanken [[Kannelierung|kannelierten]] Säulen ruhen. Das mittlere Fenster ist reicher ornamentiert als die beiden seitlichen. Während die Apsiswölbung halbrund geformt ist, zeigt der erhaltene Gewölbeansatz hin zum Langhaus bereits ein Spitz[[tonnengewölbe]]. Alle Gewölbe sind perfekt gemauert. Die für die romanische Architektur der Provence typischen Kanneluren finden sich auch auf den noch erhaltenen Halbsäulen und Pilastern. |
|||
The present main entrance to the Theatre Royal, in Sawclose, was built in 1720 by Thomas Greenway, and was [[Beau Nash]]'s first house.{{sfn|Haddon|1982|p=62}} [[Nikolaus Pevsner|Pevsner]] criticizes the mouldings of window-frames and of frieze and the volutes of the brackets of the door-hood as "characteristically overdone", and mentions [[John Wood the Elder|Wood]] remarking on its "profuse ornament" and on how it was typical of a mason rather than an architect.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bath - Beau Nash's Houses|url=http://www.astoft.co.uk/bath/beaunash.htm|publisher=Astoft|accessdate=5 May 2011}}</ref> The exterior of the building, with arches, [[pilaster]]s, garlands and ornaments, which is visible from Beauford Square, was designed by [[George Dance the Younger]] and erected by [[John Palmer (Bath architect)|John Palmer]].{{sfn|Gadd|1971|p=144}} |
|||
== Glockenturm == |
|||
The theatre itself was erected in 1805, replacing the [[Old Orchard Street Theatre]] which was also called the Theatre Royal, which is now a Freemason's Hall.{{sfn|Lowndes|1982|pp=33-34}} After a fire in 1863<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theatreroyal.org.uk/history/|title=A Brief History of The Theatre Royal Bath|publisher=Theatre Royal|accessdate=2009-08-23}}</ref> the interior was redone by [[Charles J. Phipps|C J Phipps]]. |
|||
Der Turm ist weitgehend aus [[Bruchstein (Baumaterial)|Bruchstein]] errichtet – nur die Ecken und der obere Teil sind gänzlich aus großen, sorgfältig bearbeiteten Hausteinen gemauert. Im oberen Bereich finden sich an allen Seiten Zwillingsfenster, die auf einer schlanken Mittelsäule ruhen. |
|||
== Literatur == |
|||
The theatre, along with the neighbouring Garrick's Head public house, is a [[Grade II* listed building]]<ref name="IoE">{{Cite web|url=http://www.imagesofengland.org.uk/Details/Default.aspx?id=443496|title=Garrick's Head Public House & Theatre Royal|work=Images of England|publisher=English Heritage|accessdate=2009-08-23}}</ref> and is considered a prime example of [[Georgian architecture]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Srivastava|first=Swapnil|title=Georgian Architecture|url=http://www.buzzle.com/articles/georgian-architecture.html|publisher=Buzzle|accessdate=5 May 2011}}</ref> The auditorium has tiers of ornate plasterwork, with red and gilt decoration, and a [[Trompe-l'œil]] ceiling and glittering chandelier. It was extensively renovated in 1982, with additional refurbishments to the auditorium in 1999, and to the foyer, public bars (including the creation of the [[Jeremy Fry]] Bar, recognising his work in rescuing the theatre in the early 1980s) and backstage areas in 2010. |
|||
* Guy Barruol/Jean-Maurice Rouquette: ''Reisewege durch die romanische Provence''. [[Echter Verlag]], Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-429-01506-5, S. 27. |
|||
* Jean-Maurice Rouquette: ''Provence Romane I''. Zodiaque, 2. Auflage, [[Abbaye de la Pierre-Qui-Vire|La Pierre-qui-Vire]] 1980, S. 234–235 (ohne ISBN). |
|||
== Weblinks == |
|||
The theatre itself is said to be haunted by The Grey Lady, who was an actress centuries ago. She has been seen watching productions in the Grey Lady Box, and she leaves the distinctive scent of Jasmine. She has been seen and scented in recent years.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Grey Lady|url=http://www.theatreroyal.org.uk/page/3040/The+Grey+Lady|publisher=Theatre Royal|accessdate=5 May 2011}}</ref> |
|||
{{Commonscat|Abbaye de Saint-Ruf d'Avignon|Abtei Saint-Ruf}} |
|||
* [http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/merimee_fr?ACTION=CHERCHER&FIELD_1=REF&VALUE_1=PA00081811 Abtei Saint-Ruf:] Beschreibung als Monument historique in der [[Base Mérimée]] des französischen Kulturministeriums (französischer Text) |
|||
{{Coordinate|NS=43/55/58/N|EW=4/48/46/E|type=landmark|dim=100|region=FR-84}} |
|||
==The Ustinov Studio== |
|||
[[Kategorie:Erbaut im 12. Jahrhundert]] |
|||
In 1997 a studio theatre was built at the rear of the building on Monmouth Street, called The [[Ustinov Studio]], named after the actor [[Peter Ustinov]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theatrestrust.org.uk/resources/theatres/show/544-theatre-royal-ii-bath|title=Theatre Royal (ii) (Bath)|publisher=The Theatres Trust|accessdate=2009-08-23}}</ref> Originally a space for the youth theatre and small-scale touring productions, the Ustinov programme soon expanded to encompass classical concerts, stand-up comedy (including high-profile acts such as Bill Bailey, Stewart Lee and Lucy Porter) and in-house productions. To accommodate the technical needs of these productions, a refurbishment was planned to take place throughout 2007, improving the backstage & technical facilities, the foyer, bar and auditorium. The Ustinov Studio re-opened in February 2008, with their own production of ''[[Breakfast With Mugabe]]'' starring [[Joseph Marcell]], [[Miles Anderson]] and [[Nicholas Bailey]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Mugabe Heads to Bath|url=http://www.britishtheatreguide.info/news/mugabebath.htm|publisher=British Theatre Guide|accessdate=14 May 2011}}</ref> |
|||
[[Kategorie:Kirchengebäude in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur|Avignon]] |
|||
[[Kategorie:Monument historique in Avignon]] |
|||
It is currently under Artistic Director Laurence Boswell. In the 2012 American Season at the Ustinov Studio, Sarah Ruhl's [[In The Next Room, or The Vibrator Play]] was the winner of the Best New Play - Theatre Awards UK 2012. The Ustinov Studio was also nominated for the prestigious Empty Space... Peter Brook Award 2012. The Daily Telegraph's Dominic Cavendish praised the venue as a "constantly bubbling fount of marvels" at the awards ceremony. The Ustinov also received a second consecutive nomination for the 2013 awards. |
|||
[[Kategorie:Romanische Kirche|Avignon]] |
|||
[[Kategorie:Bauwerk der Romanik in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur|Avignon]] |
|||
In Autumn 2013, the Ustinov presented '''The Spanish Golden Age Season''', three new translations of rarely seen plays, the tragedy ''[[Punishment Without Revenge]]'' and romantic comedies ''[[Don Gil of the Green Breeches]]'' and ''[[A Lady of Little Sense]]'', which ran in repertory with a cast of ten actors in all three plays, between September and December 2013 - this later transferred to the [[Arcola Theatre]].<ref>http://www.arcolatheatre.com/whats-on/spanish-golden-age-season</ref> |
|||
[[Kategorie:Rufuskirche|Avignon]] |
|||
==The egg theatre== |
|||
In 2005 another new theatre was opened behind the Theatre Royal, [[The Egg, Bath|the egg]], which is a children's theatre, providing professional theatre productions for children and their families, alongside workshops and youth theatre productions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bathfestivals.org.uk/theatreroyal|title=Theatre Royal Bath|publisher=Bath Festival|accessdate=2009-08-23}}</ref> It includes ''the egg'' Cafe, a family friendly cafe, which is also the venue for children's and family events, and occasional teenage arts events. |
|||
==Restaurants== |
|||
The Theatre's Vaults Restaurant provides pre-show dinners and matinée lunches, and a suite of rooms (''The 1805 Rooms'') are available for functions. The Theatre Royal is also licensed to host weddings & civil partnership ceremonies. |
|||
==2010 refurbishment== |
|||
In October 2009, the '2010 Refurbishment Appeal' was launched by [[Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall]], Royal Patron of the Theatre Royal Bath, to raise money for a programme of work to preserve the Theatre Royal's 200-year-old building, while ensuring that it remained suitable for 21st century audiences.<ref>{{cite web|title=Royal launch for theatre appeal|url=http://www.thisisbath.co.uk/news/Royal-launch-theatre-appeal/article-1447901-detail/article.html|publisher=Bath Chronicle|accessdate=10 September 2010}}</ref> |
|||
The £3million refurbishment, the most extensive programme of work since the Theatre had been saved from virtual collapse almost 30 years before, by the Theatre's then Chairman [[Jeremy Fry]], would include an expanded foyer; improved lift and other disabled access to the Stalls and Royal Circle levels;<ref>{{cite web|title=Theatre Royal Bath to be revamped|url=http://www.thestage.co.uk/news/newsstory.php/25431/theatre-royal-bath-to-be-revamped|publisher=The Stage|accessdate=10 September 2010}}</ref> complete refurbishment of the bars and the creation of a new bar, The [[Jeremy Fry]] Bar, in the former cellars of [[The Garrick's Head]] pub, and redecoration of the auditorium.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bath Theatre Royal to reopen following £3m upgrade |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/bristol/hi/people_and_places/newsid_8975000/8975663.stm|publisher=BBC|accessdate=10 September 2010|date=7 September 2010}}</ref> Technical improvements would include the rebuilding of the Main House stage, and an extensive rewiring and lighting programme around the entire building, with new fire alarm systems, air-conditioning and lighting, all designed to improve the building's efficiency and reduce the carbon footprint by some 30%.<ref name="refurb"/> The design was by architects of the Fielden Clegg Bradley Studios, and construction firm Midas were contracted to complete the building work.<ref>{{cite web|title=Midas wins refurbishment £2m contract for Bath’s historic theatre|url=http://www.midasgroup.co.uk/Midas-wins-refurbishment-%C2%A32m-contract-for-Bath%E2%80%99s-historic-theatre-News.htm|publisher=Midas|accessdate=10 September 2010}}</ref> |
|||
A successful campaign, led by writer and novelist [[Bel Mooney]], who had been instrumental in previous fund-raising campaigns for the Theatre Royal Bath, saw almost a third of the money raised through donations and sponsorship,<ref name="refurb">{{cite web |url=http://www.theatreroyal.org.uk/page_attachments/0000/5428/Refurbishment.doc |title= Refurbishment plans move a step closer as Midas is contracted to work on Bath’s historic theatre |publisher=Theatre Royal |accessdate=12 November 2010}}</ref> enabling work to begin away from public areas in March 2010. The Theatre's Main House was closed in July 2010, to allow the work on the foyer, bars and auditorium to be completed. |
|||
The official re-opening took place on Wednesday 8 September 2010, just 10 and a half months after the original campaign was launched, with the building work being completed on schedule. |
|||
The ceremonial re-opening was performed on-stage by actors [[Penelope Keith]] and [[Peter Bowles]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Theatre Royal main house shuts for £3m facelift|url=http://www.thisisbath.co.uk/news/Theatre-Royal-main-house-shuts-163-3m-facelift/article-2379152-detail/article.html|publisher=Bath Chronicle|accessdate=10 September 2010}}</ref> who were starring in the Theatre Royal's own production of '[[The Rivals]]', [[Richard Brinsley Sheridan]]'s classic Restoration comedy, set in and around 18th Century Bath. |
|||
In 2011, the Theatre won a [[British Construction Industry Awards|British Construction Industry Award]] Conservation Award.<ref>{{cite web |url =http://www.bciawards.org.uk/365666 |title =Winners 2011 |website =www.bciawards.org.uk |year=2011 |accessdate=14 December 2013 }}</ref> |
|||
==Performances== |
|||
Alongside the weekly touring productions which make up the majority of the Theatre Royal's programme, the Theatre Royal is host to several festivals each year, including the Family Theatre Festival, the Shakespeare Unplugged festival and, between 2003 & 2011, the [[Peter Hall (theatre director)|Peter Hall]] Company Season.<ref>{{cite news|last=Shuttleworth|first=Ian|authorlink=Ian Shuttleworth|title= The Peter Hall Company at Theatre Royal Bath|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/73161f3c-7269-11de-ba94-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1LVn3YLHe|accessdate=5 May 2011|newspaper=Financial Times|date=18 July 2009}}</ref> Many plays start at the Theatre Royal before their official opening in London.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bath Opens Rivals & Master Class Pre-West End|url=http://www.whatsonstage.com/news/theatre/london/E8831284459344/Bath+Opens+Rivals+%26+Master+Class+Pre-West+End.html|publisher=Whats On Stage|accessdate=5 May 2011}}</ref> |
|||
==References== |
|||
{{reflist|colwidth=35em}} |
|||
==Bibliography== |
|||
*{{Cite book|last=Gadd|first=David|title=Georgian Summer|publisher=Adams & Dart Ltd|location=Bath|year=1971|ref=harv|isbn=978-0239000835}} |
|||
*{{Cite book|last=Haddon|first=John |title=Portrait of Bath|publisher=Robert Hale|location=London|year=1982|ref=harv|isbn=978-0709198833}} |
|||
*{{cite book|last1=Lowndes|first1=William|title=The Theatre Royal at Bath|date=1982|publisher=Redcliffe|isbn=978-0905459493|ref=harv}} |
|||
==External links== |
|||
*[http://www.theatreroyal.org.uk/ Official website] |
|||
*[http://www.arthurlloyd.co.uk/Bath.htm Short article and photographs of the theatre] |
|||
*{{TheatresTrust|544-theatre-royal-ii-bath}} |
|||
{{Coord|51.3821|-2.3629|type:landmark_region:GB|display=title}} |
|||
[[Category:1805 establishments in England]] |
|||
[[Category:Theatres completed in 1805]] |
|||
[[Category:Theatres in Bath, Somerset]] |
|||
[[Category:Grade II* listed buildings in Bath, Somerset]] |
|||
Version vom 21. Juni 2019, 18:18 Uhr
Die ehemalige Abtei Saint-Ruf in Avignon, einer Stadt in der Provence am östlichen Ufer der Rhone, wurde im 11./12. Jahrhundert errichtet. Die Reste der Abtei im heutigen Stadtviertel Saint-Ruf sind bereits seit 1889 ein geschütztes Baudenkmal (Monument historique).
Geschichte
Am 1. Januar 1039 gründeten hier vier Kanoniker des Domkapitels der Kathedrale von Avignon eine neue Stiftskirche, die sich bald zu einer Ordensgemeinschaft („Ordre de Saint-Ruf“) entwickelte und viele Tochterabteien besaß. Das Mutterhaus wurde 1158 nach Valence verlegt.
Saint-Ruf wurde während der Albingenserkriege schwer beschädigt und in der zweiten Hälfte des 12. Jahrhunderts wieder aufgebaut. Bereits im 17. Jahrhundert, auf Grund der vorangegangenen Zerstörungen, verfiel die Abtei. Heute stehen nur noch das Chorhaupt und das Querschiff, das befestigt und mit Zinnen bekrönt ist.
Chor
Der Chor besteht aus einer polygonal ummantelten Mittelapsis und zwei halbrunden seitlichen Apsiden – allesamt aus sorgfältig bearbeiteten Hausteinen errichtet. Das Mittelfenster der zentralen Apsis unterscheidet sich von den seitlichen Fenstern durch eingestellte Säulen mit Kapitellen und halbrundem Wulst; die seitlichen Fenster der Mittelapsis haben nur einen umlaufenden Wulst ohne zwischengeschaltetes Kapitell. Die nur in das Mauerwerk eingeschnittenen Rundbogenfenster der Seitenapsiden werden von einem ornamentierten waagerechten Sturz überfangen.
Im Innern zeigt die Mittelapsis drei Rundbogenfenster, die von Archivoltenbögen umgeben sind, die ihrerseits wiederum auf schlanken kannelierten Säulen ruhen. Das mittlere Fenster ist reicher ornamentiert als die beiden seitlichen. Während die Apsiswölbung halbrund geformt ist, zeigt der erhaltene Gewölbeansatz hin zum Langhaus bereits ein Spitztonnengewölbe. Alle Gewölbe sind perfekt gemauert. Die für die romanische Architektur der Provence typischen Kanneluren finden sich auch auf den noch erhaltenen Halbsäulen und Pilastern.
Glockenturm
Der Turm ist weitgehend aus Bruchstein errichtet – nur die Ecken und der obere Teil sind gänzlich aus großen, sorgfältig bearbeiteten Hausteinen gemauert. Im oberen Bereich finden sich an allen Seiten Zwillingsfenster, die auf einer schlanken Mittelsäule ruhen.
Literatur
- Guy Barruol/Jean-Maurice Rouquette: Reisewege durch die romanische Provence. Echter Verlag, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-429-01506-5, S. 27.
- Jean-Maurice Rouquette: Provence Romane I. Zodiaque, 2. Auflage, La Pierre-qui-Vire 1980, S. 234–235 (ohne ISBN).
Weblinks
Commons: Abtei Saint-Ruf – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien
- Abtei Saint-Ruf: Beschreibung als Monument historique in der Base Mérimée des französischen Kulturministeriums (französischer Text)
Koordinaten: 43° 55′ 58″ N, 4° 48′ 46″ O