„Operation Clean-up“ – Versionsunterschied
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Version vom 10. Februar 2010, 13:22 Uhr
Vorlage:Nofootnotes Operation Clean-up (also known as Operation Blue Fox) was a military operation in Karachi, Pakistan from 1992-1994 that sought to 'cleanse' the city of 'anti-social' elements. The operation initiated on June 19, 1992. The main target of the operation was the Mohajir Qaumi Movement (now renamed Muttahida Qaumi Movement).[1] The operation took place during Nawaz Sharif's first term as the Prime Minister of Pakistan.[2] The period is regarded as the bloodiest period in Karachi's history, with thousands killed or gone missing in the fighting.
On May 19 1992, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif met Sindh CM Muzaffar Hussain Shah, Home Minister Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain, COAS General Asif Nawaz, Sindh Corps Commander General Naseer Akhtar and other officials at GHQ Rawalpindi to decide on the modalities of Operation Clean-up in Sindh; operation to be carried out by the Rangers and Mehran Force with full backing by the Army.[3]
Among the reasons given for the launching of the operation were the Jinnahpur affair and the Major Kaleem Case[4].
References
See also
External links
- Rise of the MQM in Pakistan: Politics of Ethnic Mobilization, Farhat Haq, Asian Survey, Vol. 35, No. 11 (Nov., 1995), pp. 990-1004, University of California Press
- Ethnicity and State Power in Pakistan: The Karachi Crisis, Moonis Ahmar, Asian Survey, Vol. 36, No. 10 (Oct., 1996), pp. 1031-1048, Published by: University of California Press
- A History of Pakistan and its Origins, pg 35, Christophe Jaffrelot
- Beyond this Battle of Karachi, Eqbal Ahmed, Dawn, 17 August 1995
- ↑ Abdul Qadir: Chronology of the Events (1991-2006), Jang. Abgerufen am 8. August 2009
- ↑ Pakistan: Human rights crisis in Karachi. Amnesty International, 1. Februar 1996, abgerufen am 26. Juli 2009.
- ↑ http://www.pakistanihistory.com/92.htm
- ↑ MQM shifts blame for 1992 operation from military to Nawaz, The News (Pakistan), 2 September 2009