Khoàⁿ "Python"--ê goân-sí lōe-iông

{{Infobox programming language
| logo = Python logo and wordmark.svg
| logo size = 250px
| paradigm = [[Multi-paradigm programming language|Multi-paradigm]]: [[functional programming|functional]], [[imperative programming|imperative]], [[Bu̍t-kiāⁿ tō-hiòng thêng-sek sè-kè|Bu̍t-kiāⁿ tō-hiòng]], [[structured programming|structured]], [[reflective programming|reflective]]
| released = {{start date and age|1991|02}}<ref name="faq-created"/>
| designer = [[Guido van Rossum]]
| developer = [[Python Nńg-thé Ki-kim-hōe]]
| latest release version = {{wikidata|property|edit|reference|P548=Q2804309|P348}}
| latest release date = {{start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|P548=Q2804309|P348|P577}}}}
| latest preview version = {{wikidata|property|edit|reference|P548=Q2122918|P348}}
| latest preview date = {{start date and age|{{wikidata|qualifier|P548=Q2122918|P348|P577}}}}
| typing = [[duck typing|Duck]], [[dynamic typing|dynamic]], [[strong and weak typing|strong typing]];<ref>{{Cite web | title=Why is Python a dynamic language and also a strongly typed language - PythonWiki |url=https://wiki.python.org/moin/Why%20is%20Python%20a%20dynamic%20language%20and%20also%20a%20strongly%20typed%20language | access-date=2021-01-27 |website=wiki.python.org}}</ref> [[gradual typing|gradual]] (ùi 3.5 chi-āu, m̄-kū teh [[CPython]] ē-sái hut-lio̍k)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0483/|title=PEP 483 -- The Theory of Type Hints|website=Python.org}}</ref>
| implementations = [[CPython]], [[PyPy]], [[Stackless Python]], [[MicroPython]], [[CircuitPython]], [[IronPython]], [[Jython]]
| dialects = [[Cython]], [[PyPy#RPython|RPython]], [[Bazel (software)|Starlark]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Starlark Language|url=https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/skylark/language.html|access-date=25 May 2019}}</ref>
| influenced = [[Apache Groovy]], [[Boo (programming language)|Boo]], [[Cobra (programming language)|Cobra]], [[CoffeeScript]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://coffeescript.org/|title=CoffeeScript|website=coffeescript.org}}</ref> [[D (programming language)|D]], [[F Sharp (programming language)|F#]], [[Genie (programming language)|Genie]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wiki.gnome.org/action/show/Projects/Genie |title=The Genie Programming Language Tutorial |access-date=28 February 2020}}</ref> [[Go (programming language)|Go]], [[JavaScript]],<ref>{{cite web
|title=Perl and Python influences in JavaScript |date=24 February 2013|website=www.2ality.com |url=http://www.2ality.com/2013/02/javascript-influences.html |access-date=15 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 |title=Chapter 3: The Nature of JavaScript; Influences
 |last=Rauschmayer
 |first=Axel
 |website=O'Reilly, Speaking JavaScript
 |url=http://speakingjs.com/es5/ch03.html
 |access-date=15 May 2015
 |archive-date=2018-12-26
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226141123/http://speakingjs.com/es5/ch03.html%0A
 |dead-url=yes
 }}</ref> [[Julia (programming language)|Julia]],<ref name=Julia/> [[Nim (programming language)|Nim]], Ring,<ref name="The Ring programming language and other languages">{{cite web |url=http://ring-lang.sourceforge.net/doc1.6/introduction.html#ring-and-other-languages |title=Ring and other languages |author=Ring Team |date=4 December 2017 |work=ring-lang.net |publisher=[[ring-lang]] |access-date=2021-03-20 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225175312/http://ring-lang.sourceforge.net/doc1.6/introduction.html#ring-and-other-languages |dead-url=yes }}</ref> [[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]],<ref name="bini"/> [[Swift (programming language)|Swift]]<ref name="lattner2014">{{cite web |url=http://nondot.org/sabre/ |title=Chris Lattner's Homepage |last=Lattner |first=Chris |date=3 June 2014 |access-date=3 June 2014 |publisher=Chris Lattner|quote=The Swift language is the product of tireless effort from a team of language experts, documentation gurus, compiler optimization ninjas, and an incredibly important internal dogfooding group who provided feedback to help refine and battle-test ideas. Of course, it also greatly benefited from the experiences hard-won by many other languages in the field, drawing ideas from Objective-C, Rust, Haskell, Ruby, Python, C#, CLU, and far too many others to list.}}</ref>
| license = [[Python Nńg-thé Ki-kim-hōe Hí-khó-chèng]]| website = {{URL|https://www.python.org/}}| wikibooks = Python Programming
| influenced_by = [[ABC (programming language)|ABC]],<ref name="faq-created"/> [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]],<ref>{{cite web | url=http://archive.adaic.com/standards/83lrm/html/lrm-11-03.html#11.3 | title=Ada 83 Reference Manual (raise statement) | access-date=2021-03-20 | archive-date=2019-10-22 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022155758/http://archive.adaic.com/standards/83lrm/html/lrm-11-03.html#11.3 | dead-url=yes }}</ref> [[ALGOL 68]],<ref name="98-interview"/> [[APL (programming language)|APL]],<ref name="python.org">{{cite web|url=https://docs.python.org/3/library/itertools.html|title=itertools — Functions creating iterators for efficient looping — Python 3.7.1 documentation|website=docs.python.org}}</ref> [[C (programming language)|C]],<ref name="AutoNT-1"/> [[C++]],<ref name="classmix"/> [[CLU (programming language)|CLU]],<ref name="effbot-call-by-object"/> [[Dylan (programming language)|Dylan]],<ref name="AutoNT-2"/> [[Haskell (programming language)|Haskell]],<ref name="AutoNT-3"/> [[Icon (programming language)|Icon]],<ref name="AutoNT-4"/> [[Java (programming language)|Java]],<ref name="AutoNT-5"/> [[Lisp (programming language)|Lisp]],<ref name="AutoNT-6"/> [[Modula-3]],<ref name="classmix" /> [[Perl]], [[Standard ML]]<ref name="python.org"/>
| operating system = [[Linux]], [[macOS]], [[Windows 8]] iá ū <br> koh khah-chē
<!-- not put in as also Java implementation (Jython): | programming language = [[C (programming language)|C]] -->
| file ext = .py, .pyi, .pyc, .pyd, .pyo (3.5 chi-chêng),<ref>File extension .pyo was removed in Python 3.5. See [https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0488/ PEP 0488]</ref> {{Not a typo|.pyw}}, .pyz (ùi 3.5 chi-āu)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0441/ |last=Holth |first=Moore |date=30 March 2014 |access-date=12 November 2015 |title=PEP 0441 -- Improving Python ZIP Application Support}}</ref>
}}

'''Python''' sī chi̍t khoán [[ko-chân-kip têng-sek gí-giân|ko-chân-kip]] (high-level) [[têng-sek gí-giân]]. Siat-kè ê lí-sióng hâm khó-tha̍k-sèng (''readability''), kiam ē-sài ēng (pí-kàu chhin-chhiūⁿ [[C gí-giân]]) khah chió ê pian-bé lâi siá chhut su-iàu ê lō͘-iōng téng-téng.

Python tāi-seng sī 1989 nî [[Guido van Rossum]] ūi tio̍h [[siat-kè]] thang thè-ōaⁿ [[ABC gí-giân]] ê gí-giân, beh ēng tī [[Amoeba]] chit khoán chok-gia̍p hē-thóng ē-té. [[Van Rossum]] sī Python ê chú-iāu chok-chiá, sī Python gí-giân khai-hoat ê chú-chhî-chiá.

Python siāng-chá sī tī 1990 nî hoat-piáu, miâ sī tùi [[Eng-kok]] ê chhiò-khoe gē-jîn cho͘-ha̍p [[Monty Python]] hō--lâi-ê<ref name="encyclocsandtec"/>.

Python 3.x tī 2008 nî thui-chhut, chóng-sī Python 2.x mā koh chin phó͘-phiàn pēng-chhiá siū kái-sin.

== Chham-khó ==
{{Reflist|2|refs=

<ref name="faq-created">{{cite web |url=https://docs.python.org/faq/general.html#why-was-python-created-in-the-first-place |title=Why was Python created in the first place? |work=General Python FAQ |publisher=Python Software Foundation |access-date=22 March 2007}}</ref>

<ref name="98-interview">{{cite web |url=http://www.amk.ca/python/writing/gvr-interview |title=Interview with Guido van Rossum (July 1998) |last=Kuchling |first=Andrew M. |work=amk.ca |date=22 December 2006 |access-date=12 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070501105422/http://www.amk.ca/python/writing/gvr-interview |archive-date=1 May 2007}}</ref>

<ref name="AutoNT-1">{{ cite journal |last=van Rossum |first=Guido |year=1993 |title=An Introduction to Python for UNIX/C Programmers |journal=Proceedings of the NLUUG Najaarsconferentie (Dutch UNIX Users Group) |quote=even though the design of C is far from ideal, its influence on Python is considerable. }}</ref>

<ref name="classmix">{{cite web |url=https://docs.python.org/tutorial/classes.html |title=Classes |work=The Python Tutorial |publisher=Python Software Foundation |access-date=20 February 2012 |quote=It is a mixture of the class mechanisms found in C++ and Modula-3}}</ref>

<ref name="effbot-call-by-object">{{cite web |url=http://effbot.org/zone/call-by-object.htm |title=Call By Object |work=effbot.org |last=Lundh |first=Fredrik |quote=replace "CLU" with "Python", "record" with "instance", and "procedure" with "function or method", and you get a pretty accurate description of Python's object model. |access-date=21 November 2017 |archive-date=2019-11-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123043655/http://effbot.org/zone/call-by-object.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

<ref name="AutoNT-2">{{cite web |url=https://www.python.org/download/releases/2.3/mro/ |title=The Python 2.3 Method Resolution Order |last=Simionato |first=Michele |publisher=Python Software Foundation |quote=The C3 method itself has nothing to do with Python, since it was invented by people working on Dylan and it is described in a paper intended for lispers}}</ref>

<ref name="AutoNT-3">{{cite web |url=https://docs.python.org/howto/functional.html |title=Functional Programming HOWTO |last=Kuchling |first=A. M. |work=Python v2.7.2 documentation |publisher=Python Software Foundation |access-date=9 February 2012}}</ref>

<ref name=Julia>{{cite web| title= Why We Created Julia| date= February 2012| website= Julia website| url= https://julialang.org/blog/2012/02/why-we-created-julia| access-date= 5 June 2014 | quote=We want something as usable for general programming as Python [...] }}</ref>

<ref name="AutoNT-4">{{cite web |url=https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0255/ |title=PEP 255&nbsp;– Simple Generators |first1=Neil |last1=Schemenauer |first2=Tim |last2=Peters |first3=Magnus Lie |last3=Hetland |date=18 May 2001 |work=Python Enhancement Proposals |publisher=Python Software Foundation |access-date=9 February 2012}}</ref>

<ref name="AutoNT-5">{{cite web |url=https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0318/ |title=PEP 318&nbsp;– Decorators for Functions and Methods |first1=Kevin D. |last1=Smith |first2=Jim J. |last2=Jewett |first3=Skip |last3=Montanaro |first4=Anthony |last4=Baxter |date=2 September 2004 |work=Python Enhancement Proposals |publisher=Python Software Foundation |access-date=24 February 2012}}</ref>

<ref name="AutoNT-6">{{cite web |url=https://docs.python.org/3.2/tutorial/controlflow.html |title=More Control Flow Tools |work=Python 3 documentation |publisher=Python Software Foundation |access-date=24 July 2015}}</ref>

<ref name="bini">{{cite book |last=Bini |first=Ola |title=Practical JRuby on Rails Web 2.0 Projects: bringing Ruby on Rails to the Java platform |year=2007 |publisher=APress |location=Berkeley |isbn=978-1-59059-881-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/practicaljrubyon0000bini/page/3 3] |url=https://archive.org/details/practicaljrubyon0000bini/page/3 }}</ref>

<ref name="encyclocsandtec">{{cite encyclopedia|year=2008 |author=Henderson, Harry |title = Python |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology  (Revised Edition) |publisher=Facts On File }}</ref>. 

}}

==Chham-khó bûn-hiàn==
{{refbegin|2}}
* {{cite web |url=https://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonForArtificialIntelligence |title=Python for Artificial Intelligence |publisher=Wiki.python.org |date=19 July 2012 |access-date=3 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101045354/http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonForArtificialIntelligence |archive-date=1 November 2012 }}
* {{cite journal |editor-last=Paine |editor-first=Jocelyn |title=AI in Python |journal=AI Expert Newsletter |publisher=Amzi! |date=August 2005 |url=http://www.ainewsletter.com/newsletters/aix_0508.htm#python_ai_ai |access-date=11 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326105810/http://www.ainewsletter.com/newsletters/aix_0508.htm#python_ai_ai |archive-date=26 March 2012 }}
* {{cite web |url=https://pypi.python.org/pypi/PyAIML |title=PyAIML 0.8.5 : Python Package Index |publisher=Pypi.python.org |access-date=17 July 2013}}
* {{cite book |title=Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach |last1=Russell |first1=Stuart J. |author-link1=Stuart J. Russell |last2=Norvig |first2=Peter |author-link2=Peter Norvig |edition=3rd |year=2009 |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle River, NJ |isbn=978-0-13-604259-4 }}
{{refend}}

==Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat==
{{div col|2}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{Curlie|Computers/Programming/Languages/Python|Python}}
* [https://github.com/vinta/awesome-python Awesome Python]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205024420/https://github.com/vinta/awesome-python |date=2021-02-05 }}
* [https://realpython.com/ Real Python Tutorials]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207194322/https://realpython.com/ |date=2021-02-07 }}
* [https://www.programiz.com/python-programming programingz － Learn Python Programming]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208142230/https://www.programiz.com/python-programming |date=2021-02-08 }}
* [https://www.w3schools.com/python/ w3schools － Python Tutorial]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204202552/https://www.w3schools.com/python/ |date=2021-02-04 }}
* [https://www.tutlane.com/tutorial/python Tutlane － Learn Python Programming Online]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616053152/https://www.tutlane.com/tutorial/python |date=2021-06-16 }}
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{{Programming languages |state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Thêng-sek gí-giân]]