View source for Neural Network Exchange Format

{{Short description|Artificial neural network data exchange format}}
{{third-party|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox software
| name = Neural Network Exchange Format (NNEF)
| logo = NNEF logo.svg
| logo size = 200px
| author = 
| developer = [[Khronos Group]]
| latest_release_version = 1.0.5
| latest_release_date = {{Start date and age|2022|02|16}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.khronos.org/registry/NNEF|title=Releases}}</ref>
| programming_language = 
| operating_system = [[Cross-platform]]
| platform = Cross-platform
| genre = [[Application programming interface|API]]
| license = 
| website = {{URL|https://www.khronos.org/nnef/}}
}}
'''Neural Network Exchange Format''' ('''NNEF''') is an [[artificial neural network]] [[data exchange format]] developed by the [[Khronos Group]]. It is intended to reduce [[machine learning]] deployment fragmentation by enabling a rich mix of neural network training tools and [[inference engine]]s to be used by applications across a diverse range of devices and platforms.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.khronos.org/nnef/|title=NNEF - Neural Network Exchange Format (NNEF)|date=2016-10-04|website=The Khronos Group|language=en|access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Seo|first1=B.|last2=Shin|first2=M.|last3=Mo|first3=Y. J.|last4=Kim|first4=J.|title=2018 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN) |chapter=Top-down parsing for Neural Network Exchange Format (NNEF) in TensorFlow-based deep learning computation |date=January 2018|pages=522–524|doi=10.1109/ICOIN.2018.8343173|isbn=978-1-5386-2290-2|s2cid=5053900 }}</ref>

==History==
NNEF was proposed in 2015 by member companies of the Khronos Group as a device and implementation independent transfer format capable of describing any artificial neural net in terms of its structure, operations and data.

The first version of the standard was launched in provisional form in December 2017, and was ratified as an official Khronos standard in August 2018.

==Objectives==
The goal of NNEF is to enable data scientists and engineers to easily transfer trained networks from their chosen training framework into a wide variety of inference engines. NNEF encapsulates a complete description of the structure, operations and parameters of a trained neural network, independent of the training tools used to produce it and the inference engine used to execute it.

==Governance and Availability==
NNEF is maintained by the Khronos Group under its Open Governance Principles<ref name="openGov">[https://www.khronos.org/members/ip-framework/ Khronos IP Framework]</ref> as follows:

* Any company is invited and able to join Khronos to contribute to and influence the development of its specifications;
* Finalized specifications are publicly and freely distributed at zero cost from the Khronos web-site;
* Any company can implement a Khronos specification and participating implementers can obtain a trademark license for conformant implementations and pay zero royalties to Khronos participants; and
* Developers may freely use implementations of Khronos specifications.

The NNEF specification is available on the [https://www.khronos.org/registry/NNEF/ Khronos NNEF registry] and tools are available on [https://github.com/KhronosGroup/NNEF-Tools Github]

==Versions==
* NNEF 1.0 Provisional, Released 20 December 2017.<ref name="prov">[https://www.khronos.org/news/press/khronos-group-releases-nnef-1.0-standard-for-neural-network-exchange v1.0p Khronos PR]</ref>
* NNEF 1.0, Released 13 August 2018<ref name="full">{{Cite web|url=https://sdtimes.com/ai/the-khronos-group-launches-new-standard-for-deploying-trained-neural-networks/|title=The Khronos Group launches new standard for deploying trained neural networks|date=2018-08-13|website=SD Times|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-11}}</ref>
**NNEF 1.0.1, Released 10 May 2019
**NNEF 1.0.2, Released 13 July 2019<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.khronos.org/registry/NNEF/|title=Khronos NNEF Registry - The Khronos Group Inc|website=www.khronos.org|access-date=2019-08-15}}</ref>

==Industry Participation==
The following Khronos members have participated in the NNEF working group:
{{columns-list|colwidth=18em|
* AIMotive.
* Advanced Micro Devices.
* Arm Holdings, Ltd.
* Axell
* Axis Communications.
* Cadence 
* Ceva
* Codeplay
* Digital Media Professionals
* ETRI
* Huawei
* Intel Corp.
* Imagination technologies
* LG
* Los Alamos National Lab
* LunarG
* Mediatek
* Mentor Graphics
* NXP
* On Semiconductor
* Qualcomm
* The Qt Company
* Renesas
* Samsung
* Silicon Studio
* Socionext
* Sony
* Synopsys
* Texas Instruments
* Think Silicon
* Verisilicon
* Xilinx
}}

==Tools==
The [https://github.com/KhronosGroup/NNEF-Tools NNEF tools project] on GitHub contains the following open source tools:
* File format Parser
* Bidirectional converters between NNEF and ONNX, Caffe, Caffe2, TensorFlow (python), TensorFlow (protobuf)
*Model zoo: reference collection of models converted to NNEF

== See also ==
* [[Open Neural Network Exchange]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Khronos Group standards}}

[[Category:Neural network data exchange formats]]