Draft:Samuel Armstead
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Samuel Armstead | |
|---|---|
| Louisiana House of Representatives, 1st District | |
| In office 1870–1871 | |
| Secretary of State of Louisiana | |
| In office 1873–1873 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Samuel Ball c. 1804 West Virginia, U.S. |
| Died | October 4, 1908 Shreveport, Louisiana, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Occupation | Politician, Methodist minister, restaurateur |
Samuel Armstead (né Samuel Ball; c. 1804–October 4, 1908)[1][2] was an American politician, Methodist minister, restaurateur, and was formerly enslaved.[1] He was an African American Republican,[3] who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives. Armstead established an African American church and a school in Caddo Parish, Louisiana. He was also known as Joseph Samuel Armstead, and Sam Armstead.[1]
Life and career
[edit]Samuel Armstead was born as Samuel Ball in c. 1804, in West Virginia, he was Black and enslaved at birth by Dr. William Ball.[1] He had learned to read and write in early life, which was unusual for enslaved people.[1] In 1858, Armstead was brought to Shreveport, Louisiana by Ball.[1] He worked as a minister for slaves at the First Methodist Episcopal Church (now the First Methodist Church) in Shreveport, Louisiana.[1]
After the American Civil War ended in 1865, he changed his name to Joseph Samuel Armstead.[1] He founded the St. Paul African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church (now the St. Paul United Methodist Church) in 1865, and led some 90 formerly enslaved parishioners that had attended his sermons the First Methodist Episcopal Church.[1] That same year he also founded the St. Paul Christian School of the Bottoms, also known as Christian Bottom School, which was the first African American school for children and illiterate adults in Shreveport.[1]
Armstead was elected in 1870 to the Louisiana House of Representatives representing Caddo Parish in the 1st district, where he remained for one year.[1] In the 1870s it was not uncommon for African Americans to hold elected office in Louisiana.[4]
He was elected to Secretary of State of Louisiana in 1872, under the Gov. Henry Clay Warmoth ticket, and served the following year.[1][5] He was forced from office by Warmoth's administration sometime around 1873.[1]
He died on October 4, 1908, in Shreveport.[2] The newspapers claimed in his obituary he couldn't read or write.[2]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Brock, Eric J. (August 1, 2009). "Samuel Armstead, Reconstruction-Era, Secretary of State". Shreveport Chronicles: Profiles From Louisiana's Port City. Arcadia Publishing. pp. 29, 34. ISBN 9781625843043 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b c "Negro Preacher Couldn't Write". The Evansville Journal. October 7, 1908. p. 5. Retrieved 2025-05-13 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "By Telegraph: Republicans of Caddo". New Orleans Republican. 1871-08-23. p. 1. Retrieved 2025-05-14 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Perkins, A. E. (1929). "Some Negro Officers and Legislators in Louisiana". The Journal of Negro History. 14 (4): 523–528. doi:10.2307/2714198. JSTOR 2714198 – via JSTOR.
- ^ Grant), United States President (1869-1877 (February 25, 1873). "Condition of Affairs in Louisiana: Message from the President of the United States, in Answer to a Resolution of the House, of December 16 Lase, Relative to the Condition of Affairs in Louisiana". U.S. Government Printing Office – via Google Books.
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- This draft is in progress as of April 11, 2024.