糞便微生物移植

糞便微生物移植
大腸桿菌 於電子顯微鏡放大10,000倍的圖像
別稱	糞便移植、糞便細菌療法

糞便微生物移植 (英文Fecal microbiota transplant), 亦被稱為糞便移植,是一種醫學療法，透過轉移健康捐贈者的糞便細菌到病人身上來達到治病的目的。糞便轉移有助恢復腸道菌落的平衡。本療法可透過灌腸、胃喉或口服膠囊施行。有一定數量的研究證實糞便移植有助治療受C. difficile感染的病人。

is the process of transplantation of fecal bacteria from a healthy individual into a recipient. FMT involves restoration of the colonic microflora by introducing healthy bacterial flora through infusion of stool, e.g. by enema, orogastric tube or by mouth in the form of a capsule containing freeze-dried material, obtained from a healthy donor. A limited number of studies have shown it to be an effective treatment for patients suffering from Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), whose effects can range from diarrhea to pseudomembranous colitis.

Due to an epidemic of CDI in North America and Europe, FMT has gained increasing prominence, with some experts calling for it to become first-line therapy for CDI. In 2013 a randomized, controlled trial of FMT from healthy donors showed it to be highly effective in treating recurrent C. difficile in adults, and more effective than vancomycin alone. FMT has been used experimentally to treat other gastrointestinal diseases, including colitis, constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, and neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has regulated human feces as an experimental drug since 2013.