Knapp's relational development model

Knapp's Relational Development Model

Knapp's Relational Development Model, also referred to as Knapp’s Relational Stages Model, is one of the most widely accepted theories of explaining how various types of relationships are formed, progress, and deteriorate. Knapp’s model is generally more procedural and sequential than others (such as DeVito’s model). This means that his stages are more rigidly followed in the order which they are presented, as opposed to occurring out of order or numerous times in a relationship. In his model, Knapp outlines these stages through three major categories (construction, maintenance, and deterioration) and then breaks each one into smaller, more specific stages in order to more accurately explain how relationships develop.

Construction

The construction stages illustrate the initial formation of relationships and as well as their progression and gradual escalation of intimacy. In the first stage, initiation, first impressions are essential. This stage is perhaps the shortest, as it lasts only long enough for the partners to form initial opinions of one another. Physical appearance plays a large role here, and this stage is generally thought of as being somewhat shallow. Brief introductions are also made. During initiation, those involved form the foundation of their relationship by essentially deciding if they want to pursue a relationship. Following initiation, the involved partners would engage in experimentation, where they would most likely exchange some basic personal information and indulge in other forms of small talk. Conversation is generally limited to relatively broad topics as partners become more acquainted with one another. While some self-disclosure is made by both partners, nothing extremely personal is shared.

References

Doyle, Terrence A., Ph.D. Models of Relational Development. The Interpersonal Web. 01/18/2005. Retrieved 03/19/07.