https://de.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=TestemWikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]2025-05-06T09:15:01ZBenutzerbeiträgeMediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.27https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer_Diskussion:MBq&diff=163293772Benutzer Diskussion:MBq2017-03-05T14:11:59Z<p>Testem: /* 2C-B edit */</p>
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|{{Autoarchiv|Alter=14|Ziel='Benutzer Diskussion:MBq/Archiv/((Jahr))'|Übersicht=[[Spezial:Präfixindex/Benutzer Diskussion:MBq/Archiv|Archiv]]<br />
|Klein=Ja|Mindestbeiträge=1|Zeigen=Ja|Mindestabschnitte=0|Frequenz=ständig}}<br />
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<div style="margin:1.5em; border:3px solid #3A8D16; padding: 1em; background-color:#DDEFD6;">Lieber Wikipedianer, wie Du sicherlich auch, mag ich einen [[Wikipedia:Wikiliebe|freundlichen Umgangston]] und möchte dich herzlichst bitten, Gelassenheit walten zu lassen. In entspannter Atmosphäre diskutiert es sich viel besser. --[[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] 21:51, 16. Apr 2005 (CEST) <br />
----<br />
'''Eine neue Nachricht für mich hinterlassen: [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Benutzer_Diskussion:MBq&action=edit&section=new hier klicken]'''</div><br />
|}<br />
<!---<div style="float:right; margin-right:1em">{{Benutzer:Partynia/Vorlage:Ignorieren}}</div><br />
{{#Babel:de|en-3|fr-1}}---><br />
{{Babel|de|en-3|fr-1|Spezialbox={{Benutzer:Partynia/Vorlage:Ignorieren}}}}<br />
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== [[Benutzer:GiftBot/Ausrufer|Ausrufer]] – 9. Woche ==<br />
<br />
Meinungsbilder: [[Wikipedia:Meinungsbilder/50 Stimmen in 6 Monaten als alleiniges AWW-Kriterium|50 Stimmen in 6 Monaten als alleiniges AWW-Kriterium]]<br><br />
Wettbewerbe: [[Portal:Film/Oscar-Tippspiel|Oscar-Tippspiel]], [[Wikipedia:Wiki Loves Earth 2017/Deutschland/Jury|Wiki Loves Earth 2017]]<br><br />
Umfragen: [[Wikipedia:Umfragen/GLAM-Kooperationen|GLAM-Kooperationen]]<br><br />
Kurier – linke Spalte: [[WP:K#Eine Zeit zum Schreiben …|Eine Zeit zum Schreiben …]], [[WP:K#Wikipedia Goes Berlinale|Wikipedia Goes Berlinale]]<br><br />
Kurier – rechte Spalte: [[WP:K#Bilderstreit|Bilderstreit]], [[WP:K#„Frauen in Rot: 28anthropologists“|„Frauen in Rot: 28anthropologists“]], [[WP:K#Spiel, tipp&#39; Oscar!|Spiel, tipp' Oscar!]], [[WP:K#Wartungsbausteinwettbewerb Winter 2017 erfolgreich beendet|Wartungsbausteinwettbewerb Winter 2017 erfolgreich beendet]], [[WP:K#WLE Deutschland 2017|WLE Deutschland 2017]], [[WP:K#GLAM-Umfrage|GLAM-Umfrage]], [[WP:K#Alles DÜP oder was?|Alles DÜP oder was?]], [[WP:K#Translate-a-thon für 16 afrikanische Frauen|Translate-a-thon für 16 afrikanische Frauen]], [[WP:K#Anmeldung für WMDE-Community-Workshop 2017 gestartet|Anmeldung für WMDE-Community-Workshop 2017 gestartet]], [[WP:K#SW: Es darf gewählt werden|SW: Es darf gewählt werden]]<br><br />
Projektneuheiten:<br />
* ''(Softwareumstellung)'' Alle bisher noch nicht umgestellten WMF-Wikis inkl. der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia wurden auf Version 1.29.0-wmf.13 umgestellt.<br />
;Für Programmierer<br />
* ''(Gadgets)'' Es stehen für die Gadget-Defintion die Parameter <code>[[mw:ResourceLoader/Migration guide (users)#Gadget peers|peers]]</code> und <code>[[mw:Migration guide (users)#Gadget type|type]]</code> zur Verfügung ([[Phab:T42284|Task 42284]]).<br />
* ''(API)'' ApiLogin: Turn "login-params-in-query-string" warning into an error. This change was announced [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/mediawiki-api-announce/2016-October/000119.html October 31, 2016] with the deadline set for today ([[Gerrit:337847]]).<br><br />
– [[Benutzer:GiftBot|GiftBot]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:GiftBot|Diskussion]]) 00:42, 27. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== Hinweis ==<br />
<br />
Ich sehe grad, dass ich dich [[BD:Koenraad#Hinweis auf Antrag auf globale Sperren im Meta-Wiki zu Drüfft|bei Koenraad]] nicht angepingt hatte, dafür aber jetzt [[m:SRG#Global lock for Drüfft, Kousch?, Aufseiner, Merlernenparkän, IP 87.152.171.169|auf Meta]]. Ich hab dort jetzt mal was dazu geschrieben. Da eine Sperre von dir aufgehoben wurde, hier auch noch ein Hinweis. Du bist ja auch global aktiv, vielleicht willst du noch was dazu sagen. Viele Grüße --[[Benutzer:Bjarlin|Bjarlin]] 17:30, 15. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
[[Benutzer:DaB.|DaB.]], [[Benutzer:Jivee Blau|Jivee Blau]] zur Info. Das mit den aktiven Sichterrechten und der beantragten globalen Sperre ist jedenfalls sehr widersprüchlich. --[[Benutzer:Bjarlin|Bjarlin]] 17:46, 15. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
Die passiven Sichterrechte hatte übrigens Hephaion schon nach einer [[Wikipedia:Gesichtete Versionen/Rechtevergabe/Erledigt/2015/Q4#Drüfft|Anfrage am 29.10.2015]] (also 1 Jahr vor der Entsperrung) vergeben. Die waren nun seit Ende Oktober 3 Monate lang automatisch wieder da. Ob da irgendwas kontrolliert wurde, ist also unklar. Mmh. Ich kenne das alles nur am Rande (bei den Verschiebungen hier war mir mal etwas Chaos anschließend aufgefallen, da musste einiges repariert werden), aber da niemand sonst auf Meta etwas dazu schreiben wollte, […] Das Ganze ist schon etwas seltsam so. Dein "Support" heißt doch, du unterstützt die globale Sperre, oder? Das würde natürlich die lokale Entsperrung außer Kraft setzen. Tja, ich weiß auch nicht. Viele Grüße --[[Benutzer:Bjarlin|Bjarlin]] 19:55, 15. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
Wie kommt es eigentlich, dass du in der [[Wikipedia:Sperrprüfung/Archiv/2016/Oktober#Benutzer:Drüfft (erl.)|SP von Oktober]] gar nichts geschrieben hattest? Ich finde dich dort jedenfalls nicht. Auch ungewöhnlich.<br/><br />
GZWDer schlug auf Meta statt der dortigen Diskussion einen RfC für einen globalen Ausschluss ''(global ban)'' vor. Wo sich dann auch Benutzer aus all diesen Wikis beteiligen könnten.<br/><br />
Jedenfalls spricht eine lokale Entsperrung hier durchaus gegen eine globale Kontensperre durch irgendeinen Steward. Denn Stewards entscheiden ja eher weniger bzw. nur in klaren Fällen und nicht gegen irgendein lokales Wiki, wo was Gegenteiliges entschieden worden ist (eine Entsperrung nach SP ist so eine gegenteilige Entscheidung). Ich denke, deshalb stand die Anfrage dort auch erst mal tagelang herum. Denn wenn jemand in einem Wiki viele Beiträge hat und ungesperrt ist, ist es kein Fall für eine globale Sperre des Kontos. Lokale Entsperrung und globale Sperre für dasselbe Konto passen nicht zusammen. Entweder der Fall ist klar, dann würde in jedem Wiki gesperrt, aber nicht nach SP entsperrt. Oder er ist nicht klar, dann ist es kein Fall für eine solche globale Sperre oder aber einer für einen RfC. --[[Benutzer:Bjarlin|Bjarlin]] 20:28, 15. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
:Ja, wird wahrscheinlich ab- oder an GlobalBan verwiesen. -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 21:50, 15. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
::Manchmal kann eine Entscheidung auf der Seite recht lange dauern, gerade in etwas verzwickten Fällen, aber nicht nur dann. Kannst du da noch mal schauen? Wäre vielleicht gut, das hier auch mal breiter zu diskutieren statt nur in der SP von Oktober. Bislang gibt's hier ja dazu keine Diskussion. Anscheinend hat er sich zuletzt auch nicht an die vorherigen Versprechen auf Meta gehalten, so dass dieser Antrag nun das Ergebnis davon ist. Sonst wäre eben ein RfC ein mögliches Ergebnis. Wäre aber gut, wenn es hier mal thematisiert würde und du kennst das alles ja ganz gut. Grüße --[[Benutzer:Bjarlin|Bjarlin]] 02:02, 19. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== Dank ==<br />
<br />
Sehr geehrter MBq, ich danke Ihnen für die Sichtung des Artikels "Puente Internacional Tancredo Neves". Mit freundlichen Grüßen, der [[Benutzer:Sockenschütze|Sockenschütze]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Sockenschütze|Diskussion]]) 23:03, 21. Feb. 2017 (CET).<br />
<br />
== Ihre Rückmeldung ist wichtig: endgültige Erinnerung an die globale Wikimedia-Umfrage ==<br />
<br />
<div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><br />
Hallo! Dies ist eine endgültige Erinnerung, dass die Wikimedia Foundation Umfrage am '''28. Februar 2017 (23:59 UTC)''' schließen wird. Die Umfrage ist in unterschiedlichen Sprachen verfügbar und nimmt 20 und 40 Minuten deiner Zeit in Anspruch. '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_6mTVlPf6O06r3mt&Aud=VAE&Src=63VAEDEe Nimm an der Umfrage jetzt teil.]'''<br />
<br />
Wenn du schon die Umfrage gemacht hast: danke! Wir werden dich nicht wieder stören.<br />
<br />
'''Über diesem Umfrage:''' Mehr Information zur Umfrage [[m:Community_Engagement_Insights/About_CE_Insights|gibt es hier]], oder Sie können die [[m:Community_Engagement_Insights/Frequently_asked_questions|häufig gestellte Fragen]] lesen. Die Umfrage wird von einem externen Anbieter betrieben, es gelten diese [[:foundation:Community_Engagement_Insights_2016_Survey_Privacy_Statement|Datenschutzbestimmungen]]. Wenn du zusätzliche Hilfe benötigst oder wenn du an zukünftigen Kommunikationen über diese Umfrage nicht teilnehmen möchtest, sende uns eine e-Mail an [[:m:Special:EmailUser/EGalvez_(WMF)| User:EGalvez (WMF)]] by dem ''EmailUser''-Funcktion oder surveys@wikimedia.org. '''Über die Wikimedia Foundation:''' Die [[:wmf:Home|Wikimedia Foundation]] unterstützt Sie bei der Arbeit an Software und Technik, um die Seiten schnell, sicher und zugänglich zu machen, sowie die Wikimedia-Programme und Initiativen, um den Zugang zu erweitern und kostenloses Wissen weltweit zu unterstützen. Danke! --[[:m:User:EGalvez (WMF)|EGalvez (WMF)]] ([[:m:User talk:EGalvez (WMF)|talk]]) 08:30, 24. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<!-- Nachricht versandt von Benutzer:EGalvez (WMF)@metawiki durch Verwendung der Liste unter https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Community_Engagement_Insights/MassMessages/Lists/2016/63-VAEDEe&oldid=16205408 --><br />
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== [[Benutzer:Kuestenkind.|Kuestenkind.]] wünscht SP ==<br />
<br />
Hi MBq,<br />
<br />
es kam ein Ticket an das Support-Team. Der Mensch hinter dem im Rahmen [[Wikipedia:Checkuser/Anfragen/Kattesmile2_%26_Co.|dieser CUA]] gesperrten Konto {{Benutzer|Kuestenkind.}} wünscht eine Sperrprüfung. Mit besten Grüßen -- [[Benutzer:O.Koslowski|Oliver aus Hambergen]]<sup>&nbsp;[[Benutzer Diskussion:O.Koslowski|Sprich!]]</sup> 13:14, 28. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
:Hallo MBq und O.Koslowski, ich war so frei, Kuestenkind. für die Sperrprüfung zu entsperren. Viele Grüße, [[Benutzer:AFBorchert|AFBorchert]] – [[Benutzer Diskussion:AFBorchert|D]]/[[Spezial:Beiträge/AFBorchert|B]] 14:23, 28. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
::Danke, ich war heute noch nicht online -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 18:43, 28. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== [[WP:Stuttgart#Einführungskurs und Editierworkshop am 10. März|Einführungskurs und Editierworkshop am 10. März 2017 in Stuttgart]] ==<br />
<br />
<div style="border:5px solid #00CD00; padding:10px; text-align:center"><br />
[[Datei:BibliothekMailaenderPlatzNachtaufnahme_2012-01.jpg|130px|rechts]]<big><big>'''Einladung zum Wikipedia-Workshop'''</big></big><br/><br/><br />
Der nächste Workshop wird am '''10. März von 17 bis 21 Uhr''' stattfinden. Weitere Details findest du auf der '''[[Wikipedia:Stuttgart]]'''-Seite. Wir freuen uns über dein Kommen!<br />
<br />
Viele Grüße, [[Benutzer:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:MediaWiki message delivery|Diskussion]]) 21:28, 28. Feb. 2017 (CET) (im Auftrag von [[Benutzer:Wnme|Wnme]])</div><br />
<!-- Nachricht versandt von Benutzer:Wnme@dewiki durch Verwendung der Liste unter https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Stuttgart/Einladungsliste&oldid=163113951 --><br />
<br />
== [[Wikipedia:Benutzernamen_ändern/Archiv/2017/Februar#2017-02-22_.E2.80.93_LukasMeier_.E2.86.92_UNITED_school_of_sports]] ==<br />
<br />
Und das machst du so einfach ohne OTRS-Ticket? --[[Benutzer:Eingangskontrolle|Eingangskontrolle]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Eingangskontrolle|Diskussion]]) 11:43, 1. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
:Warum nicht, ist doch glaubwürdig, und für die Transparenz am besten, wenn sie offen unter dem Firmennamen editieren. Verifizieren können sie das Konto ja im Nachhinein; wichtig wird die Verifizierung für uns erst dann, wenn es sich möglicherweise um Unbefugte handelt. -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 12:33, 1. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== Republikanische Garde (Syrien) ==<br />
<br />
Hallo, <br />
<br />
ich habe gesehen dass der Artikel: ''17:54, 27. Feb. 2017 MBq (Diskussion | Beiträge) löschte Seite [[Republikanische Garde (Syrien)]] (Kein ausreichender Artikel und/oder kein enzyklopädischer Inhalt)'' von dir gelöscht wurde, ich habe den Artikel zwar nicht erstellt würde mir aber gerne die genaue Kritikpunkte in der Löschdiskussion ansehen, diese finde ich jedoch nicht. Oder noch besser den Original Artikel. Würde eventuell einen neuen Anlegen , es wäre halt von Vorteil wenn ich wissen würde wer den alten und wie geschrieben hat.--[[Benutzer:Bustan|Bustan]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Bustan|Diskussion]]) 23:12, 1. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
:Einmischung, sorry. {{Ping|Bustan}} Der Artikelentwurf stammte von [[Benutzer:188.99.114.38]] und hatte folgenden Inhalt:<br />
<code><nowiki><br />
Die '''Republikanische Garde''' ist eine besondere [[Division (Militär)|Division]] des [[Syrisches Heer|syrischen Heeres]].<br />
<br />
Es gliedert sich in drei [[Panzer]][[brigade]]n, einer [[Mechanisierte Infanterie|MechInfanteriebrigade]] und einem [[Artillerie]][[regiment]]<ref>[http://www.bundesheer.at/truppendienst/milint/td_milint-laenderinfo.php?id_c=72&table_id=4 Länderinformation] des [[Bundesministerium für Landesverteidigung und Sport|österreichischen Verteidigungsministeriums]]</ref>:<br />
<br />
== Einzelnachweise ==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Kategorie:Division (Syrien)|Republikanische Garde]]<br />
</nowiki></code><br />
:Es folgten 8 Bearbeitungen verschiedener Benutzer (Klammerkorrekturen, Grammatikkorrekturen, QS rein, QS raus, die Ergänzung von „{{arS|الحرس الجمهوري السوري|d=al-Ḥaras al-ǧumhūrī as-sūrī}}“, alles ohne Schöpfungshöhe.<br />
:Gruß, --[[Benutzer:Drahreg01|Drahreg01]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Drahreg01|Diskussion]]) 06:12, 2. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
:Danke @Drahreg01. Die IP hatte eine ganze Hierarchie zu Einheiten der syrischen Armee angelegt, leider ohne richtigen Inhalt, die [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Administratoren/Anfragen/Archiv/2017/Februar#Sammell.C3.B6schantrag_auf_IP_Seitenerstellungen_m.C3.B6glich.3F hier] zum Löschen vorgeschlagen worden war. - Danke @Bustan für den neuen Artikel! -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 06:52, 2. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
:: Ich habe den Artikel soeben erst fertig gestellt. Ich kann leider nicht einsehen welche Artikel die IP alles erstellt hat, könnte sonst mal drüber schauen ob sich da was machen lässt. Es gibt halt Teile des Syrischen Militärs die sich seitdem Krieg komplett aufgelöst haben und facto nicht mehr existieren. D.h ist es nicht ganz einfach da etwas brauchbares zusammen zu tragen. --[[Benutzer:Bustan|Bustan]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Bustan|Diskussion]]) 00:06, 3. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== Löschung Die Godesberger ==<br />
<br />
Hallo MBq,<br />
<br />
es betrifft die heutige Löschung und die vom<br />
<br />
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:L%C3%B6schkandidaten/3._Mai_2016#Die_Godesberger_.28gel.C3.B6scht.29<br />
<br />
Es fehlte an RK reicht denn diese Mittlerweile aus?<br />
<br />
http://www.fr.de/panorama/bad-godesberg-eine-stadt-driftet-auseinander-a-337874<br />
<br />
http://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/bad-godesberg-gewalt-liegt-in-der-luft-14268122-p3.html<br />
<br />
http://www.spiegel.de/video/arabische-medizintouristen-erobern-bonn-bad-godesberg-video-1705699.html<br />
<br />
http://mediathek.daserste.de/Plusminus/Teurer-Wohnungsmarkt-Das-Gesch%C3%A4ft-mit-M/Video?bcastId=432744&documentId=39918576<br />
<br />
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nB0m1YTJMHc&feature=youtu.be ab 21:00 min<br />
<br />
<br />
Schöne Grüße<br />
<br />
Uwe Schaak<br />
:Weiss nicht, Stelle vielleicht den Artikelentwurf mit diesen Quellen unter [[Benutzer:Uwe Schaak/Die Godesberger]] auf die [[Wikipedia:Löschprüfung]]. -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 20:28, 3. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== Anfrage zu Cochrane-Kooperation ==<br />
<br />
Hallo MBq,<br />
mirwurde von einer Nutzerin geraten, hier anzufragen, vielleicht wurdest du vorgewarnt? Ich betreue eine Webseite mit zugehörigem Facebook-Kanal (https://ptadigital.de/ und https://www.facebook.com/PTAdigital/), die sich an PTAs richtet. Da diese meist gerne ihr Wissen zu medizinischen Themen teilen, wollte ich sie auf die Kooperation zwischen Wikipedia und Cochrane aufmerksam machen. Nun suche ich jemanden, der mir ein paar weiterführende Infos dazu geben kann. Bin ich hier richtig?<br />
Viele Grüße,<br />
Moritz Döring<br />
redaktion@ptadigital.de<br />
:Ich hab Dir eine Mail geschickt. -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 20:50, 3. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== 2C-B edit ==<br />
<br />
Hi. Sorry I do not speak german. 2C-B is a very weak '''partial''' agonist for 5-HT2a. The citations reflect this. I am sorry, I do not know the german word. [[Benutzer:Testem|Testem]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Testem|Diskussion]]) 15:11, 5. Mär. 2017 (CET)</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer_Diskussion:MBq&diff=163293765Benutzer Diskussion:MBq2017-03-05T14:11:42Z<p>Testem: Neuer Abschnitt /* 2C-B edit */</p>
<hr />
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|[[File:Pongo-Headshot.jpg|left|180px]]<br />
|{{Autoarchiv|Alter=14|Ziel='Benutzer Diskussion:MBq/Archiv/((Jahr))'|Übersicht=[[Spezial:Präfixindex/Benutzer Diskussion:MBq/Archiv|Archiv]]<br />
|Klein=Ja|Mindestbeiträge=1|Zeigen=Ja|Mindestabschnitte=0|Frequenz=ständig}}<br />
{{nicht archivieren|Zeigen=nein}}<br />
<div style="margin:1.5em; border:3px solid #3A8D16; padding: 1em; background-color:#DDEFD6;">Lieber Wikipedianer, wie Du sicherlich auch, mag ich einen [[Wikipedia:Wikiliebe|freundlichen Umgangston]] und möchte dich herzlichst bitten, Gelassenheit walten zu lassen. In entspannter Atmosphäre diskutiert es sich viel besser. --[[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] 21:51, 16. Apr 2005 (CEST) <br />
----<br />
'''Eine neue Nachricht für mich hinterlassen: [http://de.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Benutzer_Diskussion:MBq&action=edit&section=new hier klicken]'''</div><br />
|}<br />
<!---<div style="float:right; margin-right:1em">{{Benutzer:Partynia/Vorlage:Ignorieren}}</div><br />
{{#Babel:de|en-3|fr-1}}---><br />
{{Babel|de|en-3|fr-1|Spezialbox={{Benutzer:Partynia/Vorlage:Ignorieren}}}}<br />
<br />
== [[Benutzer:GiftBot/Ausrufer|Ausrufer]] – 9. Woche ==<br />
<br />
Meinungsbilder: [[Wikipedia:Meinungsbilder/50 Stimmen in 6 Monaten als alleiniges AWW-Kriterium|50 Stimmen in 6 Monaten als alleiniges AWW-Kriterium]]<br><br />
Wettbewerbe: [[Portal:Film/Oscar-Tippspiel|Oscar-Tippspiel]], [[Wikipedia:Wiki Loves Earth 2017/Deutschland/Jury|Wiki Loves Earth 2017]]<br><br />
Umfragen: [[Wikipedia:Umfragen/GLAM-Kooperationen|GLAM-Kooperationen]]<br><br />
Kurier – linke Spalte: [[WP:K#Eine Zeit zum Schreiben …|Eine Zeit zum Schreiben …]], [[WP:K#Wikipedia Goes Berlinale|Wikipedia Goes Berlinale]]<br><br />
Kurier – rechte Spalte: [[WP:K#Bilderstreit|Bilderstreit]], [[WP:K#„Frauen in Rot: 28anthropologists“|„Frauen in Rot: 28anthropologists“]], [[WP:K#Spiel, tipp&#39; Oscar!|Spiel, tipp' Oscar!]], [[WP:K#Wartungsbausteinwettbewerb Winter 2017 erfolgreich beendet|Wartungsbausteinwettbewerb Winter 2017 erfolgreich beendet]], [[WP:K#WLE Deutschland 2017|WLE Deutschland 2017]], [[WP:K#GLAM-Umfrage|GLAM-Umfrage]], [[WP:K#Alles DÜP oder was?|Alles DÜP oder was?]], [[WP:K#Translate-a-thon für 16 afrikanische Frauen|Translate-a-thon für 16 afrikanische Frauen]], [[WP:K#Anmeldung für WMDE-Community-Workshop 2017 gestartet|Anmeldung für WMDE-Community-Workshop 2017 gestartet]], [[WP:K#SW: Es darf gewählt werden|SW: Es darf gewählt werden]]<br><br />
Projektneuheiten:<br />
* ''(Softwareumstellung)'' Alle bisher noch nicht umgestellten WMF-Wikis inkl. der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia wurden auf Version 1.29.0-wmf.13 umgestellt.<br />
;Für Programmierer<br />
* ''(Gadgets)'' Es stehen für die Gadget-Defintion die Parameter <code>[[mw:ResourceLoader/Migration guide (users)#Gadget peers|peers]]</code> und <code>[[mw:Migration guide (users)#Gadget type|type]]</code> zur Verfügung ([[Phab:T42284|Task 42284]]).<br />
* ''(API)'' ApiLogin: Turn "login-params-in-query-string" warning into an error. This change was announced [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/mediawiki-api-announce/2016-October/000119.html October 31, 2016] with the deadline set for today ([[Gerrit:337847]]).<br><br />
– [[Benutzer:GiftBot|GiftBot]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:GiftBot|Diskussion]]) 00:42, 27. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== Hinweis ==<br />
<br />
Ich sehe grad, dass ich dich [[BD:Koenraad#Hinweis auf Antrag auf globale Sperren im Meta-Wiki zu Drüfft|bei Koenraad]] nicht angepingt hatte, dafür aber jetzt [[m:SRG#Global lock for Drüfft, Kousch?, Aufseiner, Merlernenparkän, IP 87.152.171.169|auf Meta]]. Ich hab dort jetzt mal was dazu geschrieben. Da eine Sperre von dir aufgehoben wurde, hier auch noch ein Hinweis. Du bist ja auch global aktiv, vielleicht willst du noch was dazu sagen. Viele Grüße --[[Benutzer:Bjarlin|Bjarlin]] 17:30, 15. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
[[Benutzer:DaB.|DaB.]], [[Benutzer:Jivee Blau|Jivee Blau]] zur Info. Das mit den aktiven Sichterrechten und der beantragten globalen Sperre ist jedenfalls sehr widersprüchlich. --[[Benutzer:Bjarlin|Bjarlin]] 17:46, 15. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
Die passiven Sichterrechte hatte übrigens Hephaion schon nach einer [[Wikipedia:Gesichtete Versionen/Rechtevergabe/Erledigt/2015/Q4#Drüfft|Anfrage am 29.10.2015]] (also 1 Jahr vor der Entsperrung) vergeben. Die waren nun seit Ende Oktober 3 Monate lang automatisch wieder da. Ob da irgendwas kontrolliert wurde, ist also unklar. Mmh. Ich kenne das alles nur am Rande (bei den Verschiebungen hier war mir mal etwas Chaos anschließend aufgefallen, da musste einiges repariert werden), aber da niemand sonst auf Meta etwas dazu schreiben wollte, […] Das Ganze ist schon etwas seltsam so. Dein "Support" heißt doch, du unterstützt die globale Sperre, oder? Das würde natürlich die lokale Entsperrung außer Kraft setzen. Tja, ich weiß auch nicht. Viele Grüße --[[Benutzer:Bjarlin|Bjarlin]] 19:55, 15. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
Wie kommt es eigentlich, dass du in der [[Wikipedia:Sperrprüfung/Archiv/2016/Oktober#Benutzer:Drüfft (erl.)|SP von Oktober]] gar nichts geschrieben hattest? Ich finde dich dort jedenfalls nicht. Auch ungewöhnlich.<br/><br />
GZWDer schlug auf Meta statt der dortigen Diskussion einen RfC für einen globalen Ausschluss ''(global ban)'' vor. Wo sich dann auch Benutzer aus all diesen Wikis beteiligen könnten.<br/><br />
Jedenfalls spricht eine lokale Entsperrung hier durchaus gegen eine globale Kontensperre durch irgendeinen Steward. Denn Stewards entscheiden ja eher weniger bzw. nur in klaren Fällen und nicht gegen irgendein lokales Wiki, wo was Gegenteiliges entschieden worden ist (eine Entsperrung nach SP ist so eine gegenteilige Entscheidung). Ich denke, deshalb stand die Anfrage dort auch erst mal tagelang herum. Denn wenn jemand in einem Wiki viele Beiträge hat und ungesperrt ist, ist es kein Fall für eine globale Sperre des Kontos. Lokale Entsperrung und globale Sperre für dasselbe Konto passen nicht zusammen. Entweder der Fall ist klar, dann würde in jedem Wiki gesperrt, aber nicht nach SP entsperrt. Oder er ist nicht klar, dann ist es kein Fall für eine solche globale Sperre oder aber einer für einen RfC. --[[Benutzer:Bjarlin|Bjarlin]] 20:28, 15. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
:Ja, wird wahrscheinlich ab- oder an GlobalBan verwiesen. -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 21:50, 15. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
::Manchmal kann eine Entscheidung auf der Seite recht lange dauern, gerade in etwas verzwickten Fällen, aber nicht nur dann. Kannst du da noch mal schauen? Wäre vielleicht gut, das hier auch mal breiter zu diskutieren statt nur in der SP von Oktober. Bislang gibt's hier ja dazu keine Diskussion. Anscheinend hat er sich zuletzt auch nicht an die vorherigen Versprechen auf Meta gehalten, so dass dieser Antrag nun das Ergebnis davon ist. Sonst wäre eben ein RfC ein mögliches Ergebnis. Wäre aber gut, wenn es hier mal thematisiert würde und du kennst das alles ja ganz gut. Grüße --[[Benutzer:Bjarlin|Bjarlin]] 02:02, 19. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== Dank ==<br />
<br />
Sehr geehrter MBq, ich danke Ihnen für die Sichtung des Artikels "Puente Internacional Tancredo Neves". Mit freundlichen Grüßen, der [[Benutzer:Sockenschütze|Sockenschütze]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Sockenschütze|Diskussion]]) 23:03, 21. Feb. 2017 (CET).<br />
<br />
== Ihre Rückmeldung ist wichtig: endgültige Erinnerung an die globale Wikimedia-Umfrage ==<br />
<br />
<div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><br />
Hallo! Dies ist eine endgültige Erinnerung, dass die Wikimedia Foundation Umfrage am '''28. Februar 2017 (23:59 UTC)''' schließen wird. Die Umfrage ist in unterschiedlichen Sprachen verfügbar und nimmt 20 und 40 Minuten deiner Zeit in Anspruch. '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_6mTVlPf6O06r3mt&Aud=VAE&Src=63VAEDEe Nimm an der Umfrage jetzt teil.]'''<br />
<br />
Wenn du schon die Umfrage gemacht hast: danke! Wir werden dich nicht wieder stören.<br />
<br />
'''Über diesem Umfrage:''' Mehr Information zur Umfrage [[m:Community_Engagement_Insights/About_CE_Insights|gibt es hier]], oder Sie können die [[m:Community_Engagement_Insights/Frequently_asked_questions|häufig gestellte Fragen]] lesen. Die Umfrage wird von einem externen Anbieter betrieben, es gelten diese [[:foundation:Community_Engagement_Insights_2016_Survey_Privacy_Statement|Datenschutzbestimmungen]]. Wenn du zusätzliche Hilfe benötigst oder wenn du an zukünftigen Kommunikationen über diese Umfrage nicht teilnehmen möchtest, sende uns eine e-Mail an [[:m:Special:EmailUser/EGalvez_(WMF)| User:EGalvez (WMF)]] by dem ''EmailUser''-Funcktion oder surveys@wikimedia.org. '''Über die Wikimedia Foundation:''' Die [[:wmf:Home|Wikimedia Foundation]] unterstützt Sie bei der Arbeit an Software und Technik, um die Seiten schnell, sicher und zugänglich zu machen, sowie die Wikimedia-Programme und Initiativen, um den Zugang zu erweitern und kostenloses Wissen weltweit zu unterstützen. Danke! --[[:m:User:EGalvez (WMF)|EGalvez (WMF)]] ([[:m:User talk:EGalvez (WMF)|talk]]) 08:30, 24. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<!-- Nachricht versandt von Benutzer:EGalvez (WMF)@metawiki durch Verwendung der Liste unter https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Community_Engagement_Insights/MassMessages/Lists/2016/63-VAEDEe&oldid=16205408 --><br />
<br />
== [[Benutzer:Kuestenkind.|Kuestenkind.]] wünscht SP ==<br />
<br />
Hi MBq,<br />
<br />
es kam ein Ticket an das Support-Team. Der Mensch hinter dem im Rahmen [[Wikipedia:Checkuser/Anfragen/Kattesmile2_%26_Co.|dieser CUA]] gesperrten Konto {{Benutzer|Kuestenkind.}} wünscht eine Sperrprüfung. Mit besten Grüßen -- [[Benutzer:O.Koslowski|Oliver aus Hambergen]]<sup>&nbsp;[[Benutzer Diskussion:O.Koslowski|Sprich!]]</sup> 13:14, 28. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
:Hallo MBq und O.Koslowski, ich war so frei, Kuestenkind. für die Sperrprüfung zu entsperren. Viele Grüße, [[Benutzer:AFBorchert|AFBorchert]] – [[Benutzer Diskussion:AFBorchert|D]]/[[Spezial:Beiträge/AFBorchert|B]] 14:23, 28. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
::Danke, ich war heute noch nicht online -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 18:43, 28. Feb. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== [[WP:Stuttgart#Einführungskurs und Editierworkshop am 10. März|Einführungskurs und Editierworkshop am 10. März 2017 in Stuttgart]] ==<br />
<br />
<div style="border:5px solid #00CD00; padding:10px; text-align:center"><br />
[[Datei:BibliothekMailaenderPlatzNachtaufnahme_2012-01.jpg|130px|rechts]]<big><big>'''Einladung zum Wikipedia-Workshop'''</big></big><br/><br/><br />
Der nächste Workshop wird am '''10. März von 17 bis 21 Uhr''' stattfinden. Weitere Details findest du auf der '''[[Wikipedia:Stuttgart]]'''-Seite. Wir freuen uns über dein Kommen!<br />
<br />
Viele Grüße, [[Benutzer:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:MediaWiki message delivery|Diskussion]]) 21:28, 28. Feb. 2017 (CET) (im Auftrag von [[Benutzer:Wnme|Wnme]])</div><br />
<!-- Nachricht versandt von Benutzer:Wnme@dewiki durch Verwendung der Liste unter https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Stuttgart/Einladungsliste&oldid=163113951 --><br />
<br />
== [[Wikipedia:Benutzernamen_ändern/Archiv/2017/Februar#2017-02-22_.E2.80.93_LukasMeier_.E2.86.92_UNITED_school_of_sports]] ==<br />
<br />
Und das machst du so einfach ohne OTRS-Ticket? --[[Benutzer:Eingangskontrolle|Eingangskontrolle]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Eingangskontrolle|Diskussion]]) 11:43, 1. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
:Warum nicht, ist doch glaubwürdig, und für die Transparenz am besten, wenn sie offen unter dem Firmennamen editieren. Verifizieren können sie das Konto ja im Nachhinein; wichtig wird die Verifizierung für uns erst dann, wenn es sich möglicherweise um Unbefugte handelt. -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 12:33, 1. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== Republikanische Garde (Syrien) ==<br />
<br />
Hallo, <br />
<br />
ich habe gesehen dass der Artikel: ''17:54, 27. Feb. 2017 MBq (Diskussion | Beiträge) löschte Seite [[Republikanische Garde (Syrien)]] (Kein ausreichender Artikel und/oder kein enzyklopädischer Inhalt)'' von dir gelöscht wurde, ich habe den Artikel zwar nicht erstellt würde mir aber gerne die genaue Kritikpunkte in der Löschdiskussion ansehen, diese finde ich jedoch nicht. Oder noch besser den Original Artikel. Würde eventuell einen neuen Anlegen , es wäre halt von Vorteil wenn ich wissen würde wer den alten und wie geschrieben hat.--[[Benutzer:Bustan|Bustan]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Bustan|Diskussion]]) 23:12, 1. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
:Einmischung, sorry. {{Ping|Bustan}} Der Artikelentwurf stammte von [[Benutzer:188.99.114.38]] und hatte folgenden Inhalt:<br />
<code><nowiki><br />
Die '''Republikanische Garde''' ist eine besondere [[Division (Militär)|Division]] des [[Syrisches Heer|syrischen Heeres]].<br />
<br />
Es gliedert sich in drei [[Panzer]][[brigade]]n, einer [[Mechanisierte Infanterie|MechInfanteriebrigade]] und einem [[Artillerie]][[regiment]]<ref>[http://www.bundesheer.at/truppendienst/milint/td_milint-laenderinfo.php?id_c=72&table_id=4 Länderinformation] des [[Bundesministerium für Landesverteidigung und Sport|österreichischen Verteidigungsministeriums]]</ref>:<br />
<br />
== Einzelnachweise ==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Kategorie:Division (Syrien)|Republikanische Garde]]<br />
</nowiki></code><br />
:Es folgten 8 Bearbeitungen verschiedener Benutzer (Klammerkorrekturen, Grammatikkorrekturen, QS rein, QS raus, die Ergänzung von „{{arS|الحرس الجمهوري السوري|d=al-Ḥaras al-ǧumhūrī as-sūrī}}“, alles ohne Schöpfungshöhe.<br />
:Gruß, --[[Benutzer:Drahreg01|Drahreg01]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Drahreg01|Diskussion]]) 06:12, 2. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
:Danke @Drahreg01. Die IP hatte eine ganze Hierarchie zu Einheiten der syrischen Armee angelegt, leider ohne richtigen Inhalt, die [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Administratoren/Anfragen/Archiv/2017/Februar#Sammell.C3.B6schantrag_auf_IP_Seitenerstellungen_m.C3.B6glich.3F hier] zum Löschen vorgeschlagen worden war. - Danke @Bustan für den neuen Artikel! -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 06:52, 2. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
:: Ich habe den Artikel soeben erst fertig gestellt. Ich kann leider nicht einsehen welche Artikel die IP alles erstellt hat, könnte sonst mal drüber schauen ob sich da was machen lässt. Es gibt halt Teile des Syrischen Militärs die sich seitdem Krieg komplett aufgelöst haben und facto nicht mehr existieren. D.h ist es nicht ganz einfach da etwas brauchbares zusammen zu tragen. --[[Benutzer:Bustan|Bustan]] ([[Benutzer Diskussion:Bustan|Diskussion]]) 00:06, 3. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== Löschung Die Godesberger ==<br />
<br />
Hallo MBq,<br />
<br />
es betrifft die heutige Löschung und die vom<br />
<br />
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:L%C3%B6schkandidaten/3._Mai_2016#Die_Godesberger_.28gel.C3.B6scht.29<br />
<br />
Es fehlte an RK reicht denn diese Mittlerweile aus?<br />
<br />
http://www.fr.de/panorama/bad-godesberg-eine-stadt-driftet-auseinander-a-337874<br />
<br />
http://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/inland/bad-godesberg-gewalt-liegt-in-der-luft-14268122-p3.html<br />
<br />
http://www.spiegel.de/video/arabische-medizintouristen-erobern-bonn-bad-godesberg-video-1705699.html<br />
<br />
http://mediathek.daserste.de/Plusminus/Teurer-Wohnungsmarkt-Das-Gesch%C3%A4ft-mit-M/Video?bcastId=432744&documentId=39918576<br />
<br />
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nB0m1YTJMHc&feature=youtu.be ab 21:00 min<br />
<br />
<br />
Schöne Grüße<br />
<br />
Uwe Schaak<br />
:Weiss nicht, Stelle vielleicht den Artikelentwurf mit diesen Quellen unter [[Benutzer:Uwe Schaak/Die Godesberger]] auf die [[Wikipedia:Löschprüfung]]. -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 20:28, 3. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== Anfrage zu Cochrane-Kooperation ==<br />
<br />
Hallo MBq,<br />
mirwurde von einer Nutzerin geraten, hier anzufragen, vielleicht wurdest du vorgewarnt? Ich betreue eine Webseite mit zugehörigem Facebook-Kanal (https://ptadigital.de/ und https://www.facebook.com/PTAdigital/), die sich an PTAs richtet. Da diese meist gerne ihr Wissen zu medizinischen Themen teilen, wollte ich sie auf die Kooperation zwischen Wikipedia und Cochrane aufmerksam machen. Nun suche ich jemanden, der mir ein paar weiterführende Infos dazu geben kann. Bin ich hier richtig?<br />
Viele Grüße,<br />
Moritz Döring<br />
redaktion@ptadigital.de<br />
:Ich hab Dir eine Mail geschickt. -- [[Benutzer:MBq|MBq]] <small> <sup> [[Benutzer Diskussion:MBq|Disk]]</sup> </small> 20:50, 3. Mär. 2017 (CET)<br />
<br />
== 2C-B edit ==<br />
<br />
Hi. Sorry I do not speak german. 2C-B is a very weak '''partial''' agonist for 5-HT2a. The citations reflect this. I am sorry, I do not know the german word.</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=4-Brom-2,5-dimethoxyphenylethylamin&diff=1629428954-Brom-2,5-dimethoxyphenylethylamin2017-02-23T17:56:14Z<p>Testem: /* Pharmakologische Eigenschaften */ teilweise agonist</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Chemikalie<br />
| Strukturformel = [[Datei:4-Brom-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamin.svg|200px|Struktur von 2C-B]]<br />
| Suchfunktion = C10H14BrNO2<br />
| Andere Namen = * 2C-B<br />
* 4-Brom-2,5-dimethoxyphenethyl-azan<br />
* 2-(4-Brom-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamin<br />
| Summenformel = C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>14</sub>BrNO<sub>2</sub><br />
| CAS = 66142-81-2<br />
| PubChem = 98527<br />
| DrugBank = DB01537<br />
| Beschreibung = weißer Feststoff (Hydrochlorid)<ref name="Sigma"/><br />
| Molare Masse = 260,1 g·[[mol]]<sup>−1</sup><br />
| Aggregat = fest<br />
| Dichte = <br />
| Schmelzpunkt = 234–235 [[Grad Celsius|°C]] (Hydrochlorid)<ref name="Sigma"/><br />
| Siedepunkt = <br />
| Dampfdruck = <br />
| Löslichkeit = <br />
| Quelle GHS-Kz = <ref name="Sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|SIGMA|B159|Datum=12. Mai 2011 und am 22. Januar 2012|Name=(±)-1-(4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-ethanamine hydrochloride}}</ref><br />
| GHS-Piktogramme = Hydrochlorid<br/>{{GHS-Piktogramme|06}}<br />
| GHS-Signalwort = Gefahr<br />
| H = {{H-Sätze|300|310|330}}<br />
| EUH = {{EUH-Sätze|-}}<br />
| P = {{P-Sätze|260|264|280|284|301+310|302+350}}<br />
| Quelle P = <ref name="Sigma" /><br />
| Quelle GefStKz = <ref name="Sigma" /><br />
| Gefahrensymbole = {{Gefahrensymbole|T+}}<br />
| R = {{R-Sätze|26/27/28}}<br />
| S = {{S-Sätze|22|36/37/39|45}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Die chemische Substanz '''4-Brom-2,5-dimethoxyphenylethylamin''' (abgekürzt auch '''2C-B''') gehört strukturell zur Gruppe der [[Phenylethylamine]] sowie zur Stoffgruppe der [[2C (Stoffgruppe)|„2C“-Verbindungen]]. Es ist auch unter folgenden Namen bekannt: ''Bromo'', ''Erox'', ''Nexus'', ''Venus'' und ''[[Ubulawu]] Nomathotholo''.<ref>Erowid; Manton Hirst (Ph.D): [https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2cb/2cb_article1.shtml The Nexus Factor]</ref><br />
== Geschichte ==<br />
1974 synthetisiert [[Alexander Shulgin]] 2C-B erstmals, ein Jahr später erscheint die zugehörige Publikation.<ref>Shulgin AT, Carter MF: ''„Centrally Active Phenethylamines.“'' Psychopharm. Commun. 1975; S.&nbsp;93–98.</ref> Am 25.&nbsp;Juni 1975 testet Shulgin 2C-B im Selbstversuch, dessen psychoaktive Eigenschaften beschreibt er als ''„wunderschön aktiv“''<!--bitte in Englisch zitieren, zumindest verborgen-->. Anfang der 1990er veröffentlichte Shulgin eine Hommage an seine Entdeckung: ''„Phenethylamines – I have known and loved“'', kurz „[[PIHKAL]]“, eine Veröffentlichung, die aus zwei Teilen besteht: Eine Art Biographie einer Freundesgruppe, welche neue psychoaktive Substanzen ausprobiert; im zweiten Teil werden 179 psychoaktive Phenylethylamine systematisch beschrieben, und zwar bezüglich ihrer Synthese und den Erlebnis-Berichten (der Gruppenmitglieder) zu unterschiedlichen Dosierstufen.<br />
<br />
Nach dem Verbot von [[MDMA]] 1985 wurde in den späten 1980er Jahren 2C-B teilweise als Ersatzstoff für MDMA in [[Ecstasy]] verwendet und erreichte dadurch eine gewisse Popularität. Bis Ende der 1990er wurde es durch die Leipziger Firma ''Drittewelle'' hergestellt und unter dem Markennamen Nexus als [[Aphrodisiakum]] vertrieben, bis 2C-B verboten wurde<!--wann, welche Länder?-->.<br />
<br />
== Synthese ==<br />
Es sind zahlreiche Synthesewege bekannt. Ein möglicher ist in PIHKAL beschrieben.<ref name="pihkal">[http://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/pihkal/pihkal020.shtml PiHKAL #20 2C-B]</ref> Als Grundstoff dient 2,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyd, das mit [[Nitromethan]] zum entsprechenden Nitrostyrol reagiert, welches dann mittels [[Lithiumaluminiumhydrid|LAH]] zu 2,5-Dimethoxyphenylethylamin (2C-H) reduziert wird. Dieses wird dann mit elementarem [[Brom]] zu 2C-B bromiert.<br />
<br />
== Pharmakologische Eigenschaften ==<br />
=== Wirkungsmechanismus ===<br />
<!--spezifischer!-->2C-B bindet sich an [[5-HT-Rezeptor|Serotoninrezeptoren]] und verändert somit den Ablauf von Erregungsweiterleitungen im Hirn. [[Serotonin]] ist ein [[Neurotransmitter]], der maßgeblich für das Stimmungsbild des Menschen verantwortlich ist. 2C-B wirkt unter anderem als potenter teilweise [[Agonist (Pharmakologie)|Agonist]] der Serotonin-Rezeptoren [[5-HT-Rezeptor#5-HT2-Rezeptoren|5-HT<sub>2A</sub>/<sub>2C</sub>]].<ref name=pubmed>C. A. Villalobos, P. Bull,P. Sáez, B. K. Cassels, J. P. Huidobro-Toro: ''4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) and structurally related phenylethylamines are potent 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor antagonists in Xenopus laevis oocytes'', in: ''[[Br. J. Pharmacol.]]'', '''2004''', ''141&nbsp;(7)'', 1167–1174; {{PMC|1574890}}.</ref><ref>Pablo R. Moya, Kelly A. Berg, Manuel A. Gutiérrez-Hernandez, Patricio Sáez-Briones, Miguel Reyes-Parada, Bruce K. Cassels, William P. Clarke: "Functional Selectivity of Hallucinogenic Phenethylamine and Phenylisopropylamine Derivatives at Human 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)<sub>2A</sub> and 5-HT<sub>2C</sub> Receptors", in: ''[[Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics]]'', '''2007''', ''321&nbsp;(3)'', 1054–1061; {{DOI|10.1124/jpet.106.117507}}.<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
=== Pharmakokinetik ===<br />
Die oral wirksame Dosis liegt im Bereich von 5–30&nbsp;mg, die Wirkdauer liegt bei 4–8 Stunden. Die Wirkung setzt nach 30–60&nbsp;Minuten ein.<ref name="pihkal" /><ref name="dose">{{Erowid|chemicals/2cb/2cb_dose.shtml|2C-B Dose}}</ref><br />
<br />
Bei nasaler Applikation wird nur etwa die Hälfte der Menge für den gleichen Effekt benötigt. Allerdings fällt die Wirkungsbandbreite sehr groß aus. Die Wirkung setzt nach 5–10&nbsp;Minuten ein. Die maximale Wirkung ist nach 1–1,5&nbsp;Stunden erreicht und dauert dann etwa 3–6&nbsp;Stunden an. Das Schniefen durch die Nase wird als sehr schmerzhaft empfunden.<br />
<br />
=== Wirkung ===<br />
In niedrigeren Dosen (5–15&nbsp;mg) erzeugt 2C-B einen [[entaktogen]]en Effekt mit wenigen oder gar keinen [[Halluzinationen]]. Benutzer berichten von einem Gefühl, „im Einklang mit sich selbst“ zu sein. Auch wird von einigen erotischen Sinneswahrnehmungen berichtet.<ref name="pihkal" /><br />
<br />
In höheren Dosen (15–30&nbsp;mg) erzeugt 2C-B intensive optische Halluzinationen. Sich bewegende Objekte erzeugen einen „Nachzieheffekt“. Oberflächen erscheinen unter Umständen bedeckt von geometrischen Mustern und scheinen sich zu bewegen. Farben erscheinen wie aus dem Nichts.<ref name="dose" /><br />
<br />
Oft kommt es unter Einfluss von 2C-B zu [[Synästhesie]]n vor allem mit Musik. Musik kann die optischen Halluzinationen durch 2C-B beeinflussen und eine Veränderung der Muster, Farben und Bewegungen hervorrufen. Benutzer berichten häufig, dass sie die Musik „sehen“ können. Überdosierungen werden teilweise mit drohendem Tod wahrgenommen.<ref name="pihkal" /><br />
<br />
Shulgin beschreibt 2C-B in seinem Buch PIHKAL als wirksames Aphrodisiakum: ''„If there is anything ever found to be an effective aphrodisiac, it will probably be patterned after 2C-B in structure.“ (Sollte jemals ein wirksames Aphrodisiakum gefunden werden, wird es wahrscheinlich strukturell dem 2C-B entsprechen.)''<ref name="pihkal" /><br />
<br />
=== Nebenwirkungen und Risiken ===<br />
Wie viele andere psychoaktive Substanzen birgt auch 2C-B die Gefahr einer [[Substanzinduzierte Psychose|substanzinduzierten Psychose]]. Es kann in höheren Dosierungen ähnlich wie bei Amphetaminen zu [[Bruxismus]] (Zähneknirschen), [[Tremor]] (Zittern) und [[Hyperhidrose]] (übermäßige Schweißproduktion), insbesondere an den Händen, führen. Zu erwarten sind auch Pupillenerweiterung und ein Anstieg des Blutdrucks, bei Überdosierungen sind Orientierungslosigkeit und Übelkeit möglich<ref>saferparty.ch: ''[http://www.saferparty.ch/id-2c-i-2c-b.html 2C-B - 2C-I]'', abgerufen am 6. Oktober 2015</ref>. 2C-B wird im Körper über das Enzym [[Monoaminooxidase]] (MAO) abgebaut. Einige antidepressive Medikamente enthalten [[MAO-Hemmer]]. Ein Mischkonsum von 2C-B und MAO-Hemmern führt zu verlangsamtem Abbau von 2C-B, was ein lebensbedrohliches [[Serotoninsyndrom]] auslösen kann.<ref>{{Erowid|chemicals/2cb/2cb_basics.shtml|2C-B Basics}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Image:2cb pill.jpg|thumb|links|2C-B-Pille]]<br />
2C-B wird im illegalen Umfeld oft als Pille angeboten, die theoretisch eine große Anzahl an Verunreinigungen enthalten kann. Mitunter gilt 2C-B auch selbst als Verunreinigung, wenn eine 2C-B-Pille nämlich als ''Ecstasy'' verkauft wird, wobei die Konsumenten dann eigentlich [[MDMA]] erwarten. Ebenso gibt es Pillen, die sowohl MDMA als auch 2C-B enthalten.<br />
<br />
Unter dem Begriff ''2C-B-FLY'' sind Pillen bekannt, die zwar einen dem 4-Brom-2,5-dimethoxyphenylethylamin (2C-B) ähnliche, jedoch letztlich andere Struktur aufweisen und daher getrennt von 2C-B zu betrachten sind. Der volle Name dieser Substanz lautet ''2-(8-bromo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-f][1]benzofuran-4-yl)ethanamine''.<br />
<br />
Weitere Langzeitrisiken sind bislang nicht bekannt bzw. nicht erforscht.<ref name="Reappears">{{cite web|title=2C-B (Nexus) Reappears on the Club Drug Scene|url=http://www.justice.gov/archive/ndic/pubs0/665/665p.pdf|work=National Drug Intelligence Center|publisher=Department of Justice|accessdate=2013-02-11 |date=May 2001}}</ref> Todesfälle nach 2C-B-Monokonsum sind jedoch ebenfalls nicht bekannt. In PiHKAL ist ein Fall beschrieben, in dem versehentlich 100 mg, also etwa das 4–5-fache der normalen Dosis, konsumiert wurden, ohne dass es zu Schäden kam.<br />
<br />
== Nachweis ==<br />
Mithilfe der [[Marquis-Reaktion]] kann getestet werden, ob eine Substanz oder Pille 2C-B enthalten ''kann''. Im Falle eines negativen Ergebnisses kann geschlussfolgert werden, dass die jeweilige Substanz sicher nicht enthalten ist. Eine positive Reaktion hingegen ist keine Gewähr dafür, dass nicht noch andere Inhaltsstoffe enthalten sind.<br />
<br />
Im Urin ist 2C-B bis zu 3 Tage nachweisbar, im Blut bis zu 24 Stunden. Auch über eine [[Haaranalytik]] kann 2C-B nachgewiesen werden.<ref>Drogen-Informationsportal Berlin: ''[http://www.drogen-info-berlin.de/htm/2cb.htm 2C-B - ein psychedelisch wirkendes Phenethylamin]'', abgerufen am 6. Oktober 2015</ref><br />
<br />
== Rechtsstatus ==<br />
In den [[Vereinigte Staaten|USA]] wurde 2C-B am 6.&nbsp;Januar 1994 durch die [[Drug Enforcement Administration|DEA]] über ein Eilverfahren in Schedule I des ''Controlled Substances Act'' aufgenommen – dieser Klasse entsprechen Stoffe mit hohem Missbrauchspotenzial und ohne nachgewiesenem medizinischen Nutzen. Seitdem ist es in den USA illegal, 2C-B zu besitzen oder zu verkaufen. Seit dem 2.&nbsp;Juni 1995 ist es permanent in Schedule I.<br />
<br />
In den [[Niederlande]]n wurde 2C-B 1997 für illegal erklärt, ebenso im Juni 1998 in Japan. Seit März 2001 ist 2C-B durch den [[Suchtstoffkontrollrat]] der UNO im Schedule II der ''Konvention über Psychotrope Substanzen'' aufgeführt und damit theoretisch weltweit illegal.<br />
<br />
In Deutschland ist es als nicht verkehrsfähiges Betäubungsmittel eingestuft (Anlage I [[Betäubungsmittelgesetz (Deutschland)|BtmG]]: ''Bromdimethoxyphenethylamin (BDMPEA)'' bzw. ''4-Brom-2,5-dimethoxyphenethyl-azan'').<ref>[http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_i.html Anlage I (zu § 1 Abs. 1) nicht verkehrsfähige Betäubungsmittel)] des Betäubungsmittelgesetzes.</ref><br />
<br />
== Siehe auch ==<br />
* [[2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromamphetamin|DOB]]<br />
* [[Bromo-DragonFLY]]<br />
* [[Meskalin]]<br />
<br />
== Weblinks ==<br />
* {{Erowid|chemicals/2cb/2cb.shtml|2C-B}}<br />
* isomerdesign.com: [http://isomerdesign.com/PiHKAL/explore.php?domain=pk&id=20 2C-B] (englisch)<br />
* [http://www.land-der-traeume.de/drogeninfo.php?id=3 Land der Träume – 2CB] – Informationen und Erfahrungsberichte<br />
<br />
== Literatur ==<br />
* Alexander Shulgin, Ann Shulgin: ''PIHKAL – A Chemical Love Story'' Transform Press, ISBN 0-9630096-0-5.<br />
* Nadja Wirth: ''Ecstasy – Mushrooms, Speed & Co. Das Info-Buch'' Econ Taschenbuch, ISBN 3-548-75061-3.<br />
<br />
== Einzelnachweise ==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
{{Gesundheitshinweis}}<br />
<br />
{{SORTIERUNG:Bromdimethoxyphenylethylamin}}<br />
[[Kategorie:Phenylethylamin]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Bromaromat]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Phenolether]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Synthetische psychotrope Substanz]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Entaktogen oder Empathogen]]<br />
<!-- siehe https://www.erowid.org/chemicals/2cb/2cb_article1.shtml, Verwendung als Ubulawu Substanz --><br />
[[Kategorie:Psychedelikum]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Psychotropes Phenylethylamin]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Psychotroper Wirkstoff]]</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liebermann-Reagenz&diff=152147579Liebermann-Reagenz2016-02-29T12:36:30Z<p>Testem: added refs for 4-FA</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Distinguish2|the [[Liebermann nitroso reaction]], a test for [[nitrosamines]] and [[phenol]]}}<br />
The '''Liebermann reagent''' named after Hungarian chemist [[Leo Liebermann]] (1852-1926) is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[potassium nitrite]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]].<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Horowitz | first1 = Benjamin | title = A Study of the Action of Ammonia on Thymol | publisher = Bibliolife | year = 2009 | pages = 26 | url = http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/benjamin-harrow/a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala/page-2-a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala.shtml | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-1-110-61089-1 | quote = Since his day the Liebermann reagent (6% potassium nitrite in conc. sulphuric acid) has been extensively used. }}</ref><ref name='Dictionary'>{{cite book | last1 = Bell | first1 = Suzanne | title = Dictionary of Forensic Science (Facts on File Science Dictionary) (Facts on File Science Dictionary Series.) | publisher = Facts on File Inc | date = 30 Jun 2004 | pages = 142 | url = http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=x0kmY7Bj1zYC&lpg=PA142&dq=%22potassium%20nitrite%22%20sulphuric%20liebermann&pg=PA142#v=onepage&q=liebermann&f=false | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-8160-5131-1 }}</ref> 1g of potassium nitrite is used for every 10 mls of sulphuric acid.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Brittain | first1 = Harry G. | last2 = McLeish | first2 = Michael J | title = Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients | volume = 25 | publisher = Academic Press | date = 20 Mar 1998 | pages = 106 | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-12-260825-4}}</ref> Potassium nitrite may also be substituted by [[sodium nitrite]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.austintexas.gov/sites/default/files/files/Police/DC_Technical_Manual_100114.pdf | quote = Liebermann Reagent: Carefully add 5 g sodium nitrite to 50 mL sulfuric acid with cooling and swirling.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| title=Drugs and Poisons in Humans: A Handbook of Practical Analysis|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HGWi4MB1qiUC&pg=PA666&lpg=PA666&dq=%22liebermann%22+reagent+mda&source=bl&ots=iWINs65eU6&sig=9ix-EvRvcZwLJ7O46niC-xUvGLQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AdjNVO_mLJScyQSFlYKwBA&ved=0CI4BEOgBMBI#v=onepage&q=%22liebermann%22%20reagent%20mda&f=false | quote = Liebermann's reagent: 2 g of sodium nitrate is dissolved in 20 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid.}}</ref> It is used to test for [[cocaine]], [[morphine]], [[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]].<br />
<br />
The test is performed by scraping off a small amount of the substance and adding a drop of the reagent (which is initially clear and colorless). The results are analyzed by viewing the color of the resulting mixture, and by the time taken for the change in color to become apparent.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Liebermann Reagent with various substances<br />
|-<br />
!Substance<br />
!Color<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alprazolam]] || No reaction<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Yellowish<ref name="Dictionary"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] || Black<ref name="Dictionary"/><ref name="Liebermann NARK II"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Atropine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='DMT Nexus'>{{cite web | url = https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&m=278350#post278350 | title = Colorimetric test results for different alkaloids | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | last = DMT Nexus | date = 2011-09-29}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Yohimbine]] || Blue<ref name="DMT Nexus"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]] || Purple - Brown<ref name='EMCDDA'>{{cite book | last1 = EMCDDA | title = EMCDDA Risk Assessment: Report on the Risk Assessment of PMMA in the Framework of the Joint Action on New Synthetic Drugs | publisher = Dictus Publishing | date = 30 Mar 2011 | pages = 54 | url = http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/html.cfm/index33349EN.html | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-3-8433-2695-7}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDMA]] || Intense Brown<ref name="Microgram"/> - Black<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Amphetamine]] || Intense Olive Green<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methamphetamine]] || Red<ref name="Liebermann NARK II">{{cite web | url=http://www.csiforensic.com/m7/%237-0958--nark-ii-narcotics-test-nark20031-liebermann-reagent.html | title=NARK® II Narcotics Test - NARK20031 - Liebermann Reagent - Meth/Morphine | accessdate=11 December 2015}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-FA]] || Orange<ref name="Japanese">{{cite journal | author = Uchiyama N, Kawamura M, Kamakura H, Kikura-Hanajiri R, Goda Y | title = Analytical Data of Designated Substances Controlled by the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law in Japan, Part II: Color Test and TLC | journal = Yakugaku Zasshi | volume = 128 | issue = 6 | pages = 981-7 | year = 2008 | format=PDF | url = https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/yakushi/128/6/128_6_981/_pdf }}</ref><ref name="RTUK 4-FA">{{cite web | url=https://www.reagent-tests.uk/blog/4-fa-reaction-colour-results-with-liebermann-and-froehde-reagent-test-kits/ | title=4-FA reaction colour results with liebermann and froehde reagent test kits | publisher=Reagent Tests UK | date=3 January 2016 | accessdate=29 February 2016}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Cathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name='Microgram'>{{cite journal | author = Toole KE, Fu S, Shimmon RG, Kraymen N | title = Color Tests for the Preliminary Identification of Methcathinone and Analogues of Methcathinone | journal = Microgram Journal | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 27-32 | year = 2012 | url = http://www.justice.gov/dea/pr/microgram-journals/2012/mj9-1_27-32.pdf}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methcathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MMC]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[N,N-DMC]] || Faint Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-FMC]] || No reaction<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MOMC]] || Faint Orange<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylone]] || Orange > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDPV]] || Yellow > Green<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MαPPP|4-Me-PPP]] || Orange<ref name='Morris'>{{cite web|title=Color Tests and Analytical Difficulties With Emerging Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.nist.gov/oles/upload/Color-Tests-and-Analytical-Difficulties-with-Emerging-Drugs-Morris.pdf|work=Johnson County Sheriff’s Office Criminalistics Laboratory|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Brephedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MEC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pentedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Butylone]] || Yellow > Brown<ref name="Morris"/> or Green > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-DMMC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Naphyrone]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzedrone]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-307]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-001]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[CB-13]] || Dark Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JTE-907]] || Black (bubbling)<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[UR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB-597]] || Yellow Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB602]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB754]] || Light Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-1248]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-034]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-796,260]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-834,735]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[FUR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AKB48]] || No color change<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-073]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-018]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-200]] || Dark Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2201]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-203]] || Yellow - Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[RCS-4]]-C4 homolog || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-694]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MAM-2201]] || Green - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2233]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[STS-135]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MeO-PCP]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methoxetamine]] || Orange - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Ethketamine]] || Pale Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-HO-PCE]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-MeO-DALT]] || Dark Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl-aET]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DALT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MIPT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[DPT]] || Dark brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alpha-Methyltryptamine|aMT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IT]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-APB]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[6-APB]] || Dark Purple<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Camfetamine]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methiopropamine]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDAI]] || Green > Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IAI]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pethidine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='UNlabmanual'>{{cite web|title=Rapid Testing Methods of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.unodc.org/pdf/publications/st-nar-13-rev1.pdf|work=United Nations International Drug Control Programme|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Black<ref name="UNlabmanual"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Allylescaline]] || Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-2]] || Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-P]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-C]] || Yellow > Black > Clear<br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-B]] || Yellow -> Black<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/512598-Marquis-Mecke-Mandellin-results-for-stim-empathogen-2C-X-RC-s-amp-more?p=12941078&viewfull=1#post12941078 | title=Results for 2C-B liebermann test | publisher=Bluelight.org | date=19 March 2015 | accessdate=19 April 2015 | author=Madrus}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|b-methoxy-[[2C-D]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Liebermann–Burchard test]]<br />
* [[Dille–Koppanyi reagent]]<br />
*[[Folin's reagent]]<br />
*[[Froehde reagent]]<br />
*[[Mandelin reagent]]<br />
*[[Marquis reagent]]<br />
*[[Mecke reagent]]<br />
*[[Simon's reagent]]<br />
* [[Zwikker reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168594Mandelin-Reagenz2016-01-03T23:01:11Z<p>Testem: fix ref</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium metavanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]. Its primary use is for the detection of [[ketamine]] and [[paramethoxyamphetamine|PMA]]<ref name='eztest'>{{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 0.5<ref>{{cite doi|10.1002/jps.3080191206}}</ref>-1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|date=July 2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-7]] || Maroon to Black<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVIwu10s0-I|title=2-C-T-7 Mandelin|publisher=Reagent Base}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketamine]] || Deep reddish orange<ref name="eztest"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace (spray)|Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine|MDA]] || Bluish black<ref name="Dancesafe" /><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDMA]] || Bluish black<ref name="Dancesafe">{{cite web | url=https://dancesafe.org/product/mandelin-reagent-testing-kit/ | title=Dancesafe Mandelin Reagent | publisher=Dancesafe | accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxyamphetamine]] (PMA) || Reddish brown <ref name="eztest"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxymethamphetamine]] (PMMA) || Reddish brown <ref name="eztest"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Dille–Koppanyi reagent]]<br />
*[[Folin's reagent]]<br />
*[[Froehde reagent]]<br />
*[[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
*[[Marquis reagent]]<br />
*[[Mecke reagent]]<br />
*[[Simon's reagent]]<br />
* [[Zwikker reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168593Mandelin-Reagenz2016-01-03T22:58:33Z<p>Testem: added alternative recipe</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium metavanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]. Its primary use is for the detection of [[ketamine]] and [[paramethoxyamphetamine|PMA]]<ref name='eztest'>{{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 0.5<ref>{{cite doi|10.1002/jps.3080191206}}}}</ref>-1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|date=July 2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-7]] || Maroon to Black<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVIwu10s0-I|title=2-C-T-7 Mandelin|publisher=Reagent Base}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketamine]] || Deep reddish orange<ref name="eztest"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace (spray)|Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine|MDA]] || Bluish black<ref name="Dancesafe" /><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDMA]] || Bluish black<ref name="Dancesafe">{{cite web | url=https://dancesafe.org/product/mandelin-reagent-testing-kit/ | title=Dancesafe Mandelin Reagent | publisher=Dancesafe | accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxyamphetamine]] (PMA) || Reddish brown <ref name="eztest"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxymethamphetamine]] (PMMA) || Reddish brown <ref name="eztest"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Dille–Koppanyi reagent]]<br />
*[[Folin's reagent]]<br />
*[[Froehde reagent]]<br />
*[[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
*[[Marquis reagent]]<br />
*[[Mecke reagent]]<br />
*[[Simon's reagent]]<br />
* [[Zwikker reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liebermann-Reagenz&diff=152147578Liebermann-Reagenz2015-12-11T21:38:54Z<p>Testem: fixed ref</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Distinguish2|the [[Liebermann nitroso reaction]], a test for [[nitrosamines]] and [[phenol]]}}<br />
The '''Liebermann reagent''' named after Hungarian chemist [[Leo Liebermann]] (1852-1926) is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[potassium nitrite]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]].<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Horowitz | first1 = Benjamin | title = A Study of the Action of Ammonia on Thymol | publisher = Bibliolife | year = 2009 | pages = 26 | url = http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/benjamin-harrow/a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala/page-2-a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala.shtml | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-1-110-61089-1 | quote = Since his day the Liebermann reagent (6% potassium nitrite in conc. sulphuric acid) has been extensively used. }}</ref><ref name='Dictionary'>{{cite book | last1 = Bell | first1 = Suzanne | title = Dictionary of Forensic Science (Facts on File Science Dictionary) (Facts on File Science Dictionary Series.) | publisher = Facts on File Inc | date = 30 Jun 2004 | pages = 142 | url = http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=x0kmY7Bj1zYC&lpg=PA142&dq=%22potassium%20nitrite%22%20sulphuric%20liebermann&pg=PA142#v=onepage&q=liebermann&f=false | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-8160-5131-1 }}</ref> 1g of potassium nitrite is used for every 10 mls of sulphuric acid.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Brittain | first1 = Harry G. | last2 = McLeish | first2 = Michael J | title = Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients | volume = 25 | publisher = Academic Press | date = 20 Mar 1998 | pages = 106 | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-12-260825-4}}</ref> Potassium nitrite may also be substituted by [[sodium nitrite]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.austintexas.gov/sites/default/files/files/Police/DC_Technical_Manual_100114.pdf | quote = Liebermann Reagent: Carefully add 5 g sodium nitrite to 50 mL sulfuric acid with cooling and swirling.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| title=Drugs and Poisons in Humans: A Handbook of Practical Analysis|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HGWi4MB1qiUC&pg=PA666&lpg=PA666&dq=%22liebermann%22+reagent+mda&source=bl&ots=iWINs65eU6&sig=9ix-EvRvcZwLJ7O46niC-xUvGLQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AdjNVO_mLJScyQSFlYKwBA&ved=0CI4BEOgBMBI#v=onepage&q=%22liebermann%22%20reagent%20mda&f=false | quote = Liebermann's reagent: 2 g of sodium nitrate is dissolved in 20 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid.}}</ref> It is used to test for [[cocaine]], [[morphine]], [[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]].<br />
<br />
The test is performed by scraping off a small amount of the substance and adding a drop of the reagent (which is initially clear and colorless). The results are analyzed by viewing the color of the resulting mixture, and by the time taken for the change in color to become apparent.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Liebermann Reagent with various substances<br />
|-<br />
!Substance<br />
!Color<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alprazolam]] || No reaction<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Yellowish<ref name="Dictionary"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] || Black<ref name="Dictionary"/><ref name="Liebermann NARK II"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Atropine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='DMT Nexus'>{{cite web | url = https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&m=278350#post278350 | title = Colorimetric test results for different alkaloids | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | last = DMT Nexus | date = 2011-09-29}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Yohimbine]] || Blue<ref name="DMT Nexus"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]] || Purple - Brown<ref name='EMCDDA'>{{cite book | last1 = EMCDDA | title = EMCDDA Risk Assessment: Report on the Risk Assessment of PMMA in the Framework of the Joint Action on New Synthetic Drugs | publisher = Dictus Publishing | date = 30 Mar 2011 | pages = 54 | url = http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/html.cfm/index33349EN.html | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-3-8433-2695-7}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDMA]] || Intense Brown<ref name="Microgram"/> - Black<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Amphetamine]] || Intense Olive Green<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methamphetamine]] || Red<ref name="Liebermann NARK II">{{cite web | url=http://www.csiforensic.com/m7/%237-0958--nark-ii-narcotics-test-nark20031-liebermann-reagent.html | title=NARK® II Narcotics Test - NARK20031 - Liebermann Reagent - Meth/Morphine | accessdate=11 December 2015}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-FA]] || Red-orange -> Yellow{{Citation needed|reason=|date=July 2013}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name='Microgram'>{{cite journal | author = Toole KE, Fu S, Shimmon RG, Kraymen N | title = Color Tests for the Preliminary Identification of Methcathinone and Analogues of Methcathinone | journal = Microgram Journal | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 27-32 | year = 2012 | url = http://www.justice.gov/dea/pr/microgram-journals/2012/mj9-1_27-32.pdf}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methcathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MMC]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[N,N-DMC]] || Faint Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-FMC]] || No reaction<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MOMC]] || Faint Orange<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylone]] || Orange > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDPV]] || Yellow > Green<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MαPPP|4-Me-PPP]] || Orange<ref name='Morris'>{{cite web|title=Color Tests and Analytical Difficulties With Emerging Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.nist.gov/oles/upload/Color-Tests-and-Analytical-Difficulties-with-Emerging-Drugs-Morris.pdf|work=Johnson County Sheriff’s Office Criminalistics Laboratory|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Brephedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MEC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pentedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Butylone]] || Yellow > Brown<ref name="Morris"/> or Green > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-DMMC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Naphyrone]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzedrone]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-307]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-001]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[CB-13]] || Dark Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JTE-907]] || Black (bubbling)<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[UR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB-597]] || Yellow Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB602]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB754]] || Light Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-1248]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-034]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-796,260]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-834,735]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[FUR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AKB48]] || No color change<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-073]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-018]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-200]] || Dark Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2201]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-203]] || Yellow - Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[RCS-4]]-C4 homolog || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-694]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MAM-2201]] || Green - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2233]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[STS-135]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MeO-PCP]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methoxetamine]] || Orange - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Ethketamine]] || Pale Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-HO-PCE]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-MeO-DALT]] || Dark Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl-aET]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DALT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MIPT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[DPT]] || Dark brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alpha-Methyltryptamine|aMT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IT]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-APB]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[6-APB]] || Dark Purple<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Camfetamine]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methiopropamine]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDAI]] || Green > Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IAI]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pethidine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='UNlabmanual'>{{cite web|title=Rapid Testing Methods of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.unodc.org/pdf/publications/st-nar-13-rev1.pdf|work=United Nations International Drug Control Programme|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Black<ref name="UNlabmanual"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Allylescaline]] || Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-2]] || Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-P]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-C]] || Yellow > Black > Clear<br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-B]] || Yellow -> Black<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/512598-Marquis-Mecke-Mandellin-results-for-stim-empathogen-2C-X-RC-s-amp-more?p=12941078&viewfull=1#post12941078 | title=Results for 2C-B liebermann test | publisher=Bluelight.org | date=19 March 2015 | accessdate=19 April 2015 | author=Madrus}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|b-methoxy-[[2C-D]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Liebermann–Burchard test]]<br />
* [[Dille–Koppanyi reagent]]<br />
*[[Folin's reagent]]<br />
*[[Froehde reagent]]<br />
*[[Mandelin reagent]]<br />
*[[Marquis reagent]]<br />
*[[Mecke reagent]]<br />
*[[Simon's reagent]]<br />
* [[Zwikker reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liebermann-Reagenz&diff=152147577Liebermann-Reagenz2015-12-11T21:34:43Z<p>Testem: fixed ref</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Distinguish2|the [[Liebermann nitroso reaction]], a test for [[nitrosamines]] and [[phenol]]}}<br />
The '''Liebermann reagent''' named after Hungarian chemist [[Leo Liebermann]] (1852-1926) is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[potassium nitrite]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]].<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Horowitz | first1 = Benjamin | title = A Study of the Action of Ammonia on Thymol | publisher = Bibliolife | year = 2009 | pages = 26 | url = http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/benjamin-harrow/a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala/page-2-a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala.shtml | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-1-110-61089-1 | quote = Since his day the Liebermann reagent (6% potassium nitrite in conc. sulphuric acid) has been extensively used. }}</ref><ref name='Dictionary'>{{cite book | last1 = Bell | first1 = Suzanne | title = Dictionary of Forensic Science (Facts on File Science Dictionary) (Facts on File Science Dictionary Series.) | publisher = Facts on File Inc | date = 30 Jun 2004 | pages = 142 | url = http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=x0kmY7Bj1zYC&lpg=PA142&dq=%22potassium%20nitrite%22%20sulphuric%20liebermann&pg=PA142#v=onepage&q=liebermann&f=false | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-8160-5131-1 }}</ref> 1g of potassium nitrite is used for every 10 mls of sulphuric acid.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Brittain | first1 = Harry G. | last2 = McLeish | first2 = Michael J | title = Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients | volume = 25 | publisher = Academic Press | date = 20 Mar 1998 | pages = 106 | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-12-260825-4}}</ref> Potassium nitrite may also be substituted by [[sodium nitrite]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.austintexas.gov/sites/default/files/files/Police/DC_Technical_Manual_100114.pdf | quote = Liebermann Reagent: Carefully add 5 g sodium nitrite to 50 mL sulfuric acid with cooling and swirling.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| title=Drugs and Poisons in Humans: A Handbook of Practical Analysis|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HGWi4MB1qiUC&pg=PA666&lpg=PA666&dq=%22liebermann%22+reagent+mda&source=bl&ots=iWINs65eU6&sig=9ix-EvRvcZwLJ7O46niC-xUvGLQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AdjNVO_mLJScyQSFlYKwBA&ved=0CI4BEOgBMBI#v=onepage&q=%22liebermann%22%20reagent%20mda&f=false | quote = Liebermann's reagent: 2 g of sodium nitrate is dissolved in 20 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid.}}</ref> It is used to test for [[cocaine]], [[morphine]], [[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]].<br />
<br />
The test is performed by scraping off a small amount of the substance and adding a drop of the reagent (which is initially clear and colorless). The results are analyzed by viewing the color of the resulting mixture, and by the time taken for the change in color to become apparent.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Liebermann Reagent with various substances<br />
|-<br />
!Substance<br />
!Color<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alprazolam]] || No reaction<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Yellowish<ref name="Dictionary"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] || Black<ref name="Dictionary"/><ref name="Liebermann NARK II"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Atropine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='DMT Nexus'>{{cite web | url = https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&m=278350#post278350 | title = Colorimetric test results for different alkaloids | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | last = DMT Nexus | date = 2011-09-29}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Yohimbine]] || Blue<ref name="DMT Nexus"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]] || Purple - Brown<ref name='EMCDDA'>{{cite book | last1 = EMCDDA | title = EMCDDA Risk Assessment: Report on the Risk Assessment of PMMA in the Framework of the Joint Action on New Synthetic Drugs | publisher = Dictus Publishing | date = 30 Mar 2011 | pages = 54 | url = http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/html.cfm/index33349EN.html | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-3-8433-2695-7}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDMA]] || Intense Brown<ref name="Microgram"/> - Black<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Amphetamine]] || Intense Olive Green<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methamphetamine]] || Red<ref name="Liebermann NARK II">{{cite web | url=http://www.csiforensic.com/m7/%237-0958--nark-ii-narcotics-test-nark20031-liebermann-reagent.html | title=NARK® II Narcotics Test - NARK20031 - Liebermann Reagent - Meth/Morphine | accessdate=11 December 2015}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-FA]] || Red-orange -> Yellow{{Citation needed|reason=|date=July 2013}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name='Microgram'>{{cite journal | author = Toole KE, Fu S, Shimmon RG, Kraymen N | title = Color Tests for the Preliminary Identification of Methcathinone and Analogues of Methcathinone | journal = Microgram Journal | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 27-32 | year = 2012 | url = http://www.justice.gov/dea/pr/microgram-journals/2012/mj9-1_27-32.pdf}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methcathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MMC]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[N,N-DMC]] || Faint Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-FMC]] || No reaction<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MOMC]] || Faint Orange<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylone]] || Orange > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDPV]] || Yellow > Green<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MαPPP|4-Me-PPP]] || Orange<ref name='Morris'>{{cite web|title=Color Tests and Analytical Difficulties With Emerging Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.nist.gov/oles/upload/Color-Tests-and-Analytical-Difficulties-with-Emerging-Drugs-Morris.pdf|work=Johnson County Sheriff’s Office Criminalistics Laboratory|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Brephedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MEC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pentedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Butylone]] || Yellow > Brown<ref name="Morris"/> or Green > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-DMMC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Naphyrone]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzedrone]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-307]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-001]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[CB-13]] || Dark Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JTE-907]] || Black (bubbling)<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[UR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB-597]] || Yellow Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB602]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB754]] || Light Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-1248]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-034]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-796,260]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-834,735]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[FUR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AKB48]] || No color change<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-073]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-018]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-200]] || Dark Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2201]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-203]] || Yellow - Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[RCS-4]]-C4 homolog || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-694]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MAM-2201]] || Green - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2233]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[STS-135]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MeO-PCP]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methoxetamine]] || Orange - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Ethketamine]] || Pale Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-HO-PCE]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-MeO-DALT]] || Dark Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl-aET]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DALT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MIPT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[DPT]] || Dark brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alpha-Methyltryptamine|aMT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IT]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-APB]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[6-APB]] || Dark Purple<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Camfetamine]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methiopropamine]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDAI]] || Green > Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IAI]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pethidine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='UNlabmanual'>{{cite web|title=Rapid Testing Methods of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.unodc.org/pdf/publications/st-nar-13-rev1.pdf|work=United Nations International Drug Control Programme|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Black<ref name="UNlabmanual"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Allylescaline]] || Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-2]] || Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-P]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-C]] || Yellow > Black > Clear<br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-B]] || Yellow -> Black<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/512598-Marquis-Mecke-Mandellin-results-for-stim-empathogen-2C-X-RC-s-amp-more?p=12941078&viewfull=1#post12941078 | title=Results for 2C-B liebermann test | publisher=Bluelight.org | date=19 March 2015 | accessdate=19 April 2015 | author=Madrus}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|b-methoxy-[[2C-D]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Liebermann–Burchard test]]<br />
* [[Dille–Koppanyi reagent]]<br />
*[[Folin's reagent]]<br />
*[[Froehde reagent]]<br />
*[[Mandelin reagent]]<br />
*[[Marquis reagent]]<br />
*[[Mecke reagent]]<br />
*[[Simon's reagent]]<br />
* [[Zwikker reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liebermann-Reagenz&diff=152147576Liebermann-Reagenz2015-12-11T21:34:29Z<p>Testem: added ref for meth (edited with ProveIt)</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Distinguish2|the [[Liebermann nitroso reaction]], a test for [[nitrosamines]] and [[phenol]]}}<br />
The '''Liebermann reagent''' named after Hungarian chemist [[Leo Liebermann]] (1852-1926) is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[potassium nitrite]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]].<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Horowitz | first1 = Benjamin | title = A Study of the Action of Ammonia on Thymol | publisher = Bibliolife | year = 2009 | pages = 26 | url = http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/benjamin-harrow/a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala/page-2-a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala.shtml | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-1-110-61089-1 | quote = Since his day the Liebermann reagent (6% potassium nitrite in conc. sulphuric acid) has been extensively used. }}</ref><ref name='Dictionary'>{{cite book | last1 = Bell | first1 = Suzanne | title = Dictionary of Forensic Science (Facts on File Science Dictionary) (Facts on File Science Dictionary Series.) | publisher = Facts on File Inc | date = 30 Jun 2004 | pages = 142 | url = http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=x0kmY7Bj1zYC&lpg=PA142&dq=%22potassium%20nitrite%22%20sulphuric%20liebermann&pg=PA142#v=onepage&q=liebermann&f=false | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-8160-5131-1 }}</ref> 1g of potassium nitrite is used for every 10 mls of sulphuric acid.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Brittain | first1 = Harry G. | last2 = McLeish | first2 = Michael J | title = Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients | volume = 25 | publisher = Academic Press | date = 20 Mar 1998 | pages = 106 | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-12-260825-4}}</ref> Potassium nitrite may also be substituted by [[sodium nitrite]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.austintexas.gov/sites/default/files/files/Police/DC_Technical_Manual_100114.pdf | quote = Liebermann Reagent: Carefully add 5 g sodium nitrite to 50 mL sulfuric acid with cooling and swirling.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| title=Drugs and Poisons in Humans: A Handbook of Practical Analysis|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HGWi4MB1qiUC&pg=PA666&lpg=PA666&dq=%22liebermann%22+reagent+mda&source=bl&ots=iWINs65eU6&sig=9ix-EvRvcZwLJ7O46niC-xUvGLQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AdjNVO_mLJScyQSFlYKwBA&ved=0CI4BEOgBMBI#v=onepage&q=%22liebermann%22%20reagent%20mda&f=false | quote = Liebermann's reagent: 2 g of sodium nitrate is dissolved in 20 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid.}}</ref> It is used to test for [[cocaine]], [[morphine]], [[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]].<br />
<br />
The test is performed by scraping off a small amount of the substance and adding a drop of the reagent (which is initially clear and colorless). The results are analyzed by viewing the color of the resulting mixture, and by the time taken for the change in color to become apparent.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Liebermann Reagent with various substances<br />
|-<br />
!Substance<br />
!Color<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alprazolam]] || No reaction<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Yellowish<ref name="Dictionary"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] || Black<ref name="Dictionary"/><ref name="Liebermann NARK II"><br />
|-<br />
|[[Atropine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='DMT Nexus'>{{cite web | url = https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&m=278350#post278350 | title = Colorimetric test results for different alkaloids | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | last = DMT Nexus | date = 2011-09-29}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Yohimbine]] || Blue<ref name="DMT Nexus"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]] || Purple - Brown<ref name='EMCDDA'>{{cite book | last1 = EMCDDA | title = EMCDDA Risk Assessment: Report on the Risk Assessment of PMMA in the Framework of the Joint Action on New Synthetic Drugs | publisher = Dictus Publishing | date = 30 Mar 2011 | pages = 54 | url = http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/html.cfm/index33349EN.html | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-3-8433-2695-7}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDMA]] || Intense Brown<ref name="Microgram"/> - Black<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Amphetamine]] || Intense Olive Green<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methamphetamine]] || Red<ref name="Liebermann NARK II">{{cite web | url=http://www.csiforensic.com/m7/%237-0958--nark-ii-narcotics-test-nark20031-liebermann-reagent.html | title=NARK® II Narcotics Test - NARK20031 - Liebermann Reagent - Meth/Morphine | accessdate=11 December 2015}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-FA]] || Red-orange -> Yellow{{Citation needed|reason=|date=July 2013}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name='Microgram'>{{cite journal | author = Toole KE, Fu S, Shimmon RG, Kraymen N | title = Color Tests for the Preliminary Identification of Methcathinone and Analogues of Methcathinone | journal = Microgram Journal | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 27-32 | year = 2012 | url = http://www.justice.gov/dea/pr/microgram-journals/2012/mj9-1_27-32.pdf}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methcathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MMC]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[N,N-DMC]] || Faint Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-FMC]] || No reaction<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MOMC]] || Faint Orange<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylone]] || Orange > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDPV]] || Yellow > Green<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MαPPP|4-Me-PPP]] || Orange<ref name='Morris'>{{cite web|title=Color Tests and Analytical Difficulties With Emerging Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.nist.gov/oles/upload/Color-Tests-and-Analytical-Difficulties-with-Emerging-Drugs-Morris.pdf|work=Johnson County Sheriff’s Office Criminalistics Laboratory|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Brephedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MEC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pentedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Butylone]] || Yellow > Brown<ref name="Morris"/> or Green > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-DMMC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Naphyrone]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzedrone]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-307]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-001]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[CB-13]] || Dark Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JTE-907]] || Black (bubbling)<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[UR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB-597]] || Yellow Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB602]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB754]] || Light Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-1248]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-034]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-796,260]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-834,735]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[FUR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AKB48]] || No color change<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-073]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-018]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-200]] || Dark Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2201]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-203]] || Yellow - Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[RCS-4]]-C4 homolog || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-694]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MAM-2201]] || Green - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2233]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[STS-135]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MeO-PCP]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methoxetamine]] || Orange - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Ethketamine]] || Pale Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-HO-PCE]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-MeO-DALT]] || Dark Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl-aET]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DALT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MIPT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[DPT]] || Dark brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alpha-Methyltryptamine|aMT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IT]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-APB]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[6-APB]] || Dark Purple<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Camfetamine]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methiopropamine]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDAI]] || Green > Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IAI]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pethidine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='UNlabmanual'>{{cite web|title=Rapid Testing Methods of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.unodc.org/pdf/publications/st-nar-13-rev1.pdf|work=United Nations International Drug Control Programme|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Black<ref name="UNlabmanual"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Allylescaline]] || Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-2]] || Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-P]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-C]] || Yellow > Black > Clear<br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-B]] || Yellow -> Black<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/512598-Marquis-Mecke-Mandellin-results-for-stim-empathogen-2C-X-RC-s-amp-more?p=12941078&viewfull=1#post12941078 | title=Results for 2C-B liebermann test | publisher=Bluelight.org | date=19 March 2015 | accessdate=19 April 2015 | author=Madrus}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|b-methoxy-[[2C-D]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Liebermann–Burchard test]]<br />
* [[Dille–Koppanyi reagent]]<br />
*[[Folin's reagent]]<br />
*[[Froehde reagent]]<br />
*[[Mandelin reagent]]<br />
*[[Marquis reagent]]<br />
*[[Mecke reagent]]<br />
*[[Simon's reagent]]<br />
* [[Zwikker reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168591Mandelin-Reagenz2015-08-10T19:40:06Z<p>Testem: MDMA (edited with ProveIt)</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium metavanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]. Its primary use is for the detection of [[ketamine]] and [[paramethoxyamphetamine|PMA]]<ref name='eztest'>{{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|date=July 2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-7]] || Maroon to Black<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVIwu10s0-I|title=2-C-T-7 Mandelin|publisher=Reagent Base}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketamine]] || Deep reddish orange<ref name="eztest"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace (spray)|Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine|MDA]] || Bluish black<ref name="Dancesafe" /><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDMA]] || Bluish black<ref name="Dancesafe">{{cite web | url=https://dancesafe.org/product/mandelin-reagent-testing-kit/ | title=Dancesafe Mandelin Reagent | publisher=Dancesafe | accessdate=10 August 2015}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxyamphetamine]] (PMA) || Reddish brown <ref name="eztest"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxymethamphetamine]] (PMMA) || Reddish brown <ref name="eztest"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liebermann-Reagenz&diff=152147573Liebermann-Reagenz2015-04-19T07:49:21Z<p>Testem: fixing ref</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Distinguish2|the [[Liebermann nitroso reaction]], a test for [[nitrosamines]] and [[phenol]]}}<br />
The '''Liebermann reagent''' named after Hungarian chemist [[Leo Liebermann]] (1852-1926) is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[potassium nitrite]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]].<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Horowitz | first1 = Benjamin | title = A Study of the Action of Ammonia on Thymol | publisher = Bibliolife | year = 2009 | pages = 26 | url = http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/benjamin-harrow/a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala/page-2-a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala.shtml | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-1-110-61089-1 | quote = Since his day the Liebermann reagent (6% potassium nitrite in conc. sulphuric acid) has been extensively used. }}</ref><ref name='Dictionary'>{{cite book | last1 = Bell | first1 = Suzanne | title = Dictionary of Forensic Science (Facts on File Science Dictionary) (Facts on File Science Dictionary Series.) | publisher = Facts on File Inc | date = 30 Jun 2004 | pages = 142 | url = http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=x0kmY7Bj1zYC&lpg=PA142&dq=%22potassium%20nitrite%22%20sulphuric%20liebermann&pg=PA142#v=onepage&q=liebermann&f=false | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-8160-5131-1 }}</ref> 1g of potassium nitrite is used for every 10 mls of sulphuric acid.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Brittain | first1 = Harry G. | last2 = McLeish | first2 = Michael J | title = Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients | volume = 25 | publisher = Academic Press | date = 20 Mar 1998 | pages = 106 | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-12-260825-4}}</ref> Potassium nitrite may also be substituted by [[sodium nitrite]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.austintexas.gov/sites/default/files/files/Police/DC_Technical_Manual_100114.pdf | quote = Liebermann Reagent: Carefully add 5 g sodium nitrite to 50 mL sulfuric acid with cooling and swirling.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| title=Drugs and Poisons in Humans: A Handbook of Practical Analysis|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HGWi4MB1qiUC&pg=PA666&lpg=PA666&dq=%22liebermann%22+reagent+mda&source=bl&ots=iWINs65eU6&sig=9ix-EvRvcZwLJ7O46niC-xUvGLQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AdjNVO_mLJScyQSFlYKwBA&ved=0CI4BEOgBMBI#v=onepage&q=%22liebermann%22%20reagent%20mda&f=false | quote = Liebermann's reagent: 2 g of sodium nitrate is dissolved in 20 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid.}}</ref> It is used to test for [[cocaine]], [[morphine]], [[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]].<br />
<br />
The test is performed by scraping off a small amount of the substance and adding a drop of the reagent (which is initially clear and colorless). The results are analyzed by viewing the color of the resulting mixture, and by the time taken for the change in color to become apparent.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Liebermann Reagent with various substances<br />
|-<br />
!Substance<br />
!Color<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alprazolam]] || No reaction<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Yellowish<ref name="Dictionary"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] || Black<ref name="Dictionary"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Atropine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='DMT Nexus'>{{cite web | url = https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&m=278350#post278350 | title = Colorimetric test results for different alkaloids | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | last = DMT Nexus | date = 2011-09-29}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Yohimbine]] || Blue<ref name="DMT Nexus"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]] || Purple - Brown<ref name='EMCDDA'>{{cite book | last1 = EMCDDA | title = EMCDDA Risk Assessment: Report on the Risk Assessment of PMMA in the Framework of the Joint Action on New Synthetic Drugs | publisher = Dictus Publishing | date = 30 Mar 2011 | pages = 54 | url = http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/html.cfm/index33349EN.html | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-3-8433-2695-7}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDMA]] || Intense Brown<ref name="Microgram"/> - Black<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Amphetamine]] || Intense Olive Green<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methamphetamine]] || Red{{Citation needed|reason=|date=July 2013}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name='Microgram'>{{cite journal | author = Toole KE, Fu S, Shimmon RG, Kraymen N | title = Color Tests for the Preliminary Identification of Methcathinone and Analogues of Methcathinone | journal = Microgram Journal | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 27-32 | year = 2012 | url = http://www.justice.gov/dea/pr/microgram-journals/2012/mj9-1_27-32.pdf}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methcathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MMC]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[N,N-DMC]] || Faint Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-FMC]] || No reaction<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MOMC]] || Faint Orange<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylone]] || Orange > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDPV]] || Yellow > Green<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MαPPP|4-Me-PPP]] || Orange<ref name='Morris'>{{cite web|title=Color Tests and Analytical Difficulties With Emerging Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.nist.gov/oles/upload/Color-Tests-and-Analytical-Difficulties-with-Emerging-Drugs-Morris.pdf|work=Johnson County Sheriff’s Office Criminalistics Laboratory|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Brephedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MEC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pentedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Butylone]] || Yellow > Brown<ref name="Morris"/> or Green > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-DMMC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Naphyrone]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzedrone]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-307]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-001]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[CB-13]] || Dark Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JTE-907]] || Black (bubbling)<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[UR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB-597]] || Yellow Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB602]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB754]] || Light Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-1248]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-034]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-796,260]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-834,735]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[FUR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AKB48]] || No color change<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-073]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-018]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-200]] || Dark Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2201]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-203]] || Yellow - Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[RCS-4]]-C4 homolog || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-694]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MAM-2201]] || Green - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2233]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[STS-135]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MeO-PCP]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methoxetamine]] || Orange - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Ethketamine]] || Pale Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-HO-PCE]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-MeO-DALT]] || Dark Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl-aET]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DALT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MIPT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[DPT]] || Dark brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alpha-Methyltryptamine|aMT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IT]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-APB]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[6-APB]] || Dark Purple<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Camfetamine]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methiopropamine]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDAI]] || Green > Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IAI]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pethidine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='UNlabmanual'>{{cite web|title=Rapid Testing Methods of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.unodc.org/pdf/publications/st-nar-13-rev1.pdf|work=United Nations International Drug Control Programme|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Black<ref name="UNlabmanual"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Allylescaline]] || Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-2]] || Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-P]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-C]] || Yellow > Black > Clear<br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-B]] || Yellow -> Black<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/512598-Marquis-Mecke-Mandellin-results-for-stim-empathogen-2C-X-RC-s-amp-more?p=12941078&viewfull=1#post12941078 | title=Results for 2C-B liebermann test | publisher=Bluelight.org | date=19 March 2015 | accessdate=19 April 2015 | author=Madrus}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|b-methoxy-[[2C-D]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Froehde reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann–Burchard test]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liebermann-Reagenz&diff=152147572Liebermann-Reagenz2015-04-19T07:47:39Z<p>Testem: added ref for 2C-B (edited with ProveIt)</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Distinguish2|the [[Liebermann nitroso reaction]], a test for [[nitrosamines]] and [[phenol]]}}<br />
The '''Liebermann reagent''' named after Hungarian chemist [[Leo Liebermann]] (1852-1926) is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[potassium nitrite]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]].<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Horowitz | first1 = Benjamin | title = A Study of the Action of Ammonia on Thymol | publisher = Bibliolife | year = 2009 | pages = 26 | url = http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/benjamin-harrow/a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala/page-2-a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala.shtml | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-1-110-61089-1 | quote = Since his day the Liebermann reagent (6% potassium nitrite in conc. sulphuric acid) has been extensively used. }}</ref><ref name='Dictionary'>{{cite book | last1 = Bell | first1 = Suzanne | title = Dictionary of Forensic Science (Facts on File Science Dictionary) (Facts on File Science Dictionary Series.) | publisher = Facts on File Inc | date = 30 Jun 2004 | pages = 142 | url = http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=x0kmY7Bj1zYC&lpg=PA142&dq=%22potassium%20nitrite%22%20sulphuric%20liebermann&pg=PA142#v=onepage&q=liebermann&f=false | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-8160-5131-1 }}</ref> 1g of potassium nitrite is used for every 10 mls of sulphuric acid.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Brittain | first1 = Harry G. | last2 = McLeish | first2 = Michael J | title = Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients | volume = 25 | publisher = Academic Press | date = 20 Mar 1998 | pages = 106 | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-12-260825-4}}</ref> Potassium nitrite may also be substituted by [[sodium nitrite]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.austintexas.gov/sites/default/files/files/Police/DC_Technical_Manual_100114.pdf | quote = Liebermann Reagent: Carefully add 5 g sodium nitrite to 50 mL sulfuric acid with cooling and swirling.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HGWi4MB1qiUC&pg=PA666&lpg=PA666&dq=%22liebermann%22+reagent+mda&source=bl&ots=iWINs65eU6&sig=9ix-EvRvcZwLJ7O46niC-xUvGLQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=AdjNVO_mLJScyQSFlYKwBA&ved=0CI4BEOgBMBI#v=onepage&q=%22liebermann%22%20reagent%20mda&f=false | quote = Liebermann's reagent: 2 g of sodium nitrate is dissolved in 20 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid.}}</ref> It is used to test for [[cocaine]], [[morphine]], [[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]].<br />
<br />
The test is performed by scraping off a small amount of the substance and adding a drop of the reagent (which is initially clear and colorless). The results are analyzed by viewing the color of the resulting mixture, and by the time taken for the change in color to become apparent.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Liebermann Reagent with various substances<br />
|-<br />
!Substance<br />
!Color<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alprazolam]] || No reaction<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Yellowish<ref name="Dictionary"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] || Black<ref name="Dictionary"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Atropine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='DMT Nexus'>{{cite web | url = https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&m=278350#post278350 | title = Colorimetric test results for different alkaloids | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | last = DMT Nexus | date = 2011-09-29}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Yohimbine]] || Blue<ref name="DMT Nexus"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]] || Purple - Brown<ref name='EMCDDA'>{{cite book | last1 = EMCDDA | title = EMCDDA Risk Assessment: Report on the Risk Assessment of PMMA in the Framework of the Joint Action on New Synthetic Drugs | publisher = Dictus Publishing | date = 30 Mar 2011 | pages = 54 | url = http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/html.cfm/index33349EN.html | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-3-8433-2695-7}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDMA]] || Intense Brown<ref name="Microgram"/> - Black<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Amphetamine]] || Intense Olive Green<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methamphetamine]] || Red{{Citation needed|reason=|date=July 2013}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name='Microgram'>{{cite journal | author = Toole KE, Fu S, Shimmon RG, Kraymen N | title = Color Tests for the Preliminary Identification of Methcathinone and Analogues of Methcathinone | journal = Microgram Journal | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 27-32 | year = 2012 | url = http://www.justice.gov/dea/pr/microgram-journals/2012/mj9-1_27-32.pdf}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methcathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MMC]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[N,N-DMC]] || Faint Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-FMC]] || No reaction<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MOMC]] || Faint Orange<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylone]] || Orange > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDPV]] || Yellow > Green<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MαPPP|4-Me-PPP]] || Orange<ref name='Morris'>{{cite web|title=Color Tests and Analytical Difficulties With Emerging Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.nist.gov/oles/upload/Color-Tests-and-Analytical-Difficulties-with-Emerging-Drugs-Morris.pdf|work=Johnson County Sheriff’s Office Criminalistics Laboratory|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Brephedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MEC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pentedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Butylone]] || Yellow > Brown<ref name="Morris"/> or Green > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-DMMC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Naphyrone]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzedrone]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-307]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-001]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[CB-13]] || Dark Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JTE-907]] || Black (bubbling)<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[UR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB-597]] || Yellow Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB602]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB754]] || Light Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-1248]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-034]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-796,260]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-834,735]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[FUR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AKB48]] || No color change<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-073]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-018]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-200]] || Dark Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2201]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-203]] || Yellow - Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[RCS-4]]-C4 homolog || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-694]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MAM-2201]] || Green - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2233]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[STS-135]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MeO-PCP]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methoxetamine]] || Orange - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Ethketamine]] || Pale Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-HO-PCE]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-MeO-DALT]] || Dark Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl-aET]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DALT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MIPT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[DPT]] || Dark brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alpha-Methyltryptamine|aMT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IT]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-APB]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[6-APB]] || Dark Purple<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Camfetamine]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methiopropamine]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDAI]] || Green > Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IAI]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pethidine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='UNlabmanual'>{{cite web|title=Rapid Testing Methods of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.unodc.org/pdf/publications/st-nar-13-rev1.pdf|work=United Nations International Drug Control Programme|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Black<ref name="UNlabmanual"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Allylescaline]] || Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-2]] || Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-P]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-C]] || Yellow > Black > Clear<br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-B]] || Yellow -> Black<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bluelight.org/vb/threads/512598-Marquis-Mecke-Mandellin-results-for-stim-empathogen-2C-X-RC-s-amp-more?p=12941078&viewfull=1#post12941078 | title=Results for 2C-B liebermann test | publisher=Bluelight.org | date=19 March 2015 | accessdate=19 April 2015 | author=Madrus}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|b-methoxy-[[2C-D]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Froehde reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann–Burchard test]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168588Mandelin-Reagenz2015-03-26T10:14:39Z<p>Testem: typo</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium metavanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]. Its primary use is for the detection of [[ketamine]] and [[paramethoxyamphetamine | PMA]]<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|date=July 2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-7]] || Maroon to Black<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVIwu10s0-I|title=2-C-T-7 Mandelin|publisher=Reagent Base}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketamine]] || Deep reddish orange<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace (spray)|Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine | MDA ]] || Bluish black<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxyamphetamine]] (PMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxymethamphetamine]] (PMMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div class='references-small'><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168587Mandelin-Reagenz2015-03-26T10:14:19Z<p>Testem: typo</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium metavanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]. Its primary use is for the detection of [[ketamine]] and [[paramethoxyamphetamine | PMA]]<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|date=July 2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-7]] || Maroon to Black<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVIwu10s0-I|title=2-C-T-7 Mandelin|Publisher=Reagent Base}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketamine]] || Deep reddish orange<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace (spray)|Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine | MDA ]] || Bluish black<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxyamphetamine]] (PMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxymethamphetamine]] (PMMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div class='references-small'><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168586Mandelin-Reagenz2015-03-26T10:13:55Z<p>Testem: added ref</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium metavanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]. Its primary use is for the detection of [[ketamine]] and [[paramethoxyamphetamine | PMA]]<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|date=July 2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-7]] || Maroon to Black<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVIwu10s0-I|title=2-C-T-7 Mandelin|Publisher=Reagent Base</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketamine]] || Deep reddish orange<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace (spray)|Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine | MDA ]] || Bluish black<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxyamphetamine]] (PMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxymethamphetamine]] (PMMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div class='references-small'><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liebermann-Reagenz&diff=152147558Liebermann-Reagenz2013-07-26T10:11:45Z<p>Testem: removed bad redirect</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Distinguish2|the [[Liebermann nitroso reaction]], a test for [[nitrosamines]] and [[phenol]]}}<br />
The '''Liebermann reagent''' named after Hungarian chemist [[Leo Liebermann]] (1852-1926) is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[potassium nitrite]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]].<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Horowitz | first1 = Benjamin | title = A Study of the Action of Ammonia on Thymol | publisher = Bibliolife | year = 2009 | pages = 26 | url = http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/benjamin-harrow/a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala/page-2-a-study-of-the-action-of-ammonia-on-thymol--ala.shtml | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-1-110-61089-1 | quote = Since his day the Liebermann reagent (6% potassium nitrite in conc. sulphuric acid) has been extensively used. }}</ref><ref name='Dictionary'>{{cite book | last1 = Bell | first1 = Suzanne | title = Dictionary of Forensic Science (Facts on File Science Dictionary) (Facts on File Science Dictionary Series.) | publisher = Facts on File Inc | date = 30 Jun 2004 | year = 2004 | pages = 142 | url = http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=x0kmY7Bj1zYC&lpg=PA142&dq=%22potassium%20nitrite%22%20sulphuric%20liebermann&pg=PA142#v=onepage&q=liebermann&f=false | accessdate= 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-8160-5131-1 }}</ref> 1g of potassium nitrite is used for every 10 mls of sulphuric acid.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Brittain | first1 = Harry G. | last2 = McLeish | first2 = Michael J | title = Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients | volume = 25 | publisher = Academic Press | date = 20 Mar 1998 | pages = 106 | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-0-12-260825-4}}</ref><br />
<br />
It is used to test for [[cocaine]], [[morphine]], [[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]].<br />
<br />
The test is performed by scraping off a small amount of the substance and adding a drop of the reagent (which is initially clear and colorless). The results are analyzed by viewing the color of the resulting mixture, and by the time taken for the change in color to become apparent.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Liebermann Reagent with various substances<br />
|-<br />
!Substance<br />
!Color<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Yellowish<ref name="Dictionary"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] || Black<ref name="Dictionary"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Atropine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='DMT Nexus'>{{cite web | url = https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&m=278350#post278350 | title = Colorimetric test results for different alkaloids | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | last = DMT Nexus | date = 2011-09-29}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Yohimbine]] || Blue<ref name="DMT Nexus"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Para-Methoxyamphetamine|PMA]] and [[Para-Methoxymethamphetamine|PMMA]] || Purple - Brown<ref name='EMCDDA'>{{cite book | last1 = EMCDDA | title = EMCDDA Risk Assessment: Report on the Risk Assessment of PMMA in the Framework of the Joint Action on New Synthetic Drugs | publisher = Dictus Publishing | date = 30 Mar 2011 | pages = 54 | url = http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/html.cfm/index33349EN.html | accessdate = 2012-01-25 | isbn = 978-3-8433-2695-7}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDMA]] || Intense Brown<ref name="Microgram"/> - Black<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Amphetamine]] || Intense Olive Green<ref name="EMCDDA"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methamphetamine]] || Red{{Citation needed|reason=|date=July 2013}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name='Microgram'>{{cite journal | author = Toole KE, Fu S, Shimmon RG, Kraymen N | title = Color Tests for the Preliminary Identification of Methcathinone and Analogues of Methcathinone | journal = Microgram Journal | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 27-32 | year = 2012 | url = http://www.justice.gov/dea/pr/microgram-journals/2012/mj9-1_27-32.pdf}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methcathinone]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MMC]] || Bright Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[N,N-DMC]] || Faint Yellow<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-FMC]] || No reaction<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MOMC]] || Faint Orange<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylone]] || Orange > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDPV]] || Yellow > Green<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MαPPP|4-Me-PPP]] || Orange<ref name='Morris'>{{cite web|title=Color Tests and Analytical Difficulties With Emerging Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.nist.gov/oles/upload/Color-Tests-and-Analytical-Difficulties-with-Emerging-Drugs-Morris.pdf|work=Johnson County Sheriff’s Office Criminalistics Laboratory|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|month=|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Brephedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MEC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pentedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Buphedrone]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Butylone]] || Yellow > Brown<ref name="Morris"/> or Green > Brown<ref name="Microgram"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-DMMC]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Naphyrone]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzedrone]] || Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-307]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-001]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[CB-13]] || Dark Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JTE-907]] || Black (bubbling)<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[UR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB-597]] || Yellow Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB602]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[URB754]] || Light Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-1248]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AB-034]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-796,260]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[A-834,735]] || Red-Orange > Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[FUR-144]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AKB48]] || No color change<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-073]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-018]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-200]] || Dark Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2201]] || Yellow - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[JWH-203]] || Yellow - Orange<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[RCS-4]]-C4 homolog || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-694]] || Dark Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MAM-2201]] || Green - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[AM-2233]] || Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[STS-135]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-MeO-PCP]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methoxetamine]] || Orange - Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Ethketamine]] || Pale Yellow<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[3-HO-PCE]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-MeO-DALT]] || Dark Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-methyl-aET]] || Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DALT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-HO-MIPT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[4-AcO-DET]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Alpha-Methyltryptamine|aMT]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IT]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-APB]] || Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[6-APB]] || Dark Purple<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Camfetamine]] || Dark Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Methiopropamine]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[MDAI]] || Green > Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[5-IAI]] || Dark Brown<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pethidine]] || Red - Orange<ref name='UNlabmanual'>{{cite web|title=Rapid Testing Methods of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.unodc.org/pdf/publications/st-nar-13-rev1.pdf|work=United Nations International Drug Control Programme|accessdate=2013-07-16|format=PDF|month=|year=2012}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Black<ref name="UNlabmanual"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[Allylescaline]] || Brown - Black<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-T-2]] || Red<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|[[2C-P]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
|-<br />
|b-methoxy-[[2C-D]] || Green<ref name="Morris"/><br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent|Marquis Reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168578Mandelin-Reagenz2012-02-05T16:24:13Z<p>Testem: included PMMA</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium vanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]. Its primary use is for the detection of [[ketamine]] and [[paramethoxyamphetamine | PMA]]<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|month=July|year=2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketamine]] || Deep reddish orange<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine | MDA ]] || Bluish black<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxyamphetamine]] (PMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxymethamphetamine]] (PMMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div class='references-small'><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
[http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit Mandelin EZ Testing Kit]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168577Mandelin-Reagenz2012-01-27T13:46:41Z<p>Testem: Added info about primary uses - PMA and ket</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium vanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]. Its primary use is for the detection of [[ketamine]] and [[paramethoxyamphetamine | PMA]]<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|month=July|year=2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketamine]] || Deep reddish orange<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine | MDA ]] || Bluish black<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxyamphetamine]] (PMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div class='references-small'><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
[http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit Mandelin EZ Testing Kit]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168576Mandelin-Reagenz2012-01-27T13:45:22Z<p>Testem: Changed MDA entry to abbreviation</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium vanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]. Its primary use is for the detection of [[<br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|month=July|year=2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketamine]] || Deep reddish orange<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine | MDA ]] || Bluish black<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxyamphetamine]] (PMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div class='references-small'><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
[http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit Mandelin EZ Testing Kit]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168575Mandelin-Reagenz2012-01-27T13:43:19Z<p>Testem: Removed HCl notes: unnecessary and potentially confusing</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium vanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]. Its primary use is for the detection of [[<br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|month=July|year=2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketamine]] || Deep reddish orange<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylenedioxyamphetamine]] HCl (MDA) || Bluish black<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxyamphetamine]] (PMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div class='references-small'><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
[http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit Mandelin EZ Testing Kit]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168574Mandelin-Reagenz2012-01-27T13:42:05Z<p>Testem: Added results for PMA and appropriate reference</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium vanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]. Its primary use is for the detection of [[<br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|month=July|year=2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] HCl || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] HCl || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] HCl || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] HCl || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] HCl || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] HCl (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth HCl || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] HCl || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Ketamine]] || Deep reddish orange<ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylenedioxyamphetamine]] HCl (MDA) || Bluish black<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] HCl || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] HCl || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] HCl || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] HCl || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] HCl || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] HCl || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paramethoxyamphetamine]] HCl (PMA) || Reddish brown <ref name='eztest'> {{cite web | url = http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit | title = Mandelin EZ Testing Kit | accessdate = 2012-01-27 | publisher = EZ Test}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div class='references-small'><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
[http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit Mandelin EZ Testing Kit]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168573Mandelin-Reagenz2012-01-26T23:09:39Z<p>Testem: </p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium vanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]<br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|month=July|year=2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] HCl || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] HCl || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] HCl || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] HCl || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] HCl || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] HCl (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth HCl || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] HCl || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylenedioxyamphetamine]] HCl (MDA) || Bluish black<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] HCl || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] HCl || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] HCl || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] HCl || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] HCl || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] HCl || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div class='references-small'><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
[http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit Mandelin EZ Testing Kit]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168572Mandelin-Reagenz2012-01-26T23:09:23Z<p>Testem: /* External links */</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium vanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]<ref name='Dancesafe'> {{cite web | url = http://dancesafe.org/node/12718 | title = Mecke Reagent Testing Kit (Red Label) | accessdate = 2012-01-26 | publisher = Dancesafe}}</ref>, which is dripped onto the substance being tested. <br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|month=July|year=2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] HCl || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] HCl || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] HCl || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] HCl || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] HCl || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] HCl (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth HCl || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] HCl || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylenedioxyamphetamine]] HCl (MDA) || Bluish black<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] HCl || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] HCl || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] HCl || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] HCl || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] HCl || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] HCl || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div class='references-small'><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
[http://www.eztestkits.com/en/mandelin-ez-testing-kit Mandelin EZ Testing Kit]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testemhttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandelin-Reagenz&diff=152168571Mandelin-Reagenz2012-01-26T22:51:11Z<p>Testem: ←Created page with 'The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify alkaloids as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[amm...'</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Mandelin reagent''' is used as a simple spot-test to presumptively identify [[alkaloids]] as well as other compounds. It is composed of a mixture of [[ammonium vanadate]] and concentrated [[sulfuric acid]]<ref name='Dancesafe'> {{cite web | url = http://dancesafe.org/node/12718 | title = Mecke Reagent Testing Kit (Red Label) | accessdate = 2012-01-26 | publisher = Dancesafe}}</ref>, which is dripped onto the substance being tested. <br />
<br />
The [[United States Department of Justice]] method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 1 g of ammonium vanadate.<ref name="NIJColorTest">{{cite web|title=Color Test Reagents/Kits for Preliminary Identification of Drugs of Abuse|url=http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183258.pdf|work=Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program|accessdate=2011-07-24|format=PDF|month=July|year=2000}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Final colors produced by Mandelin Reagent with various substances<ref name="NIJColorTest" /><br />
|-<br />
!Substance <br />
!Color <br />
|-<br />
|[[Acetaminophen]] || Moderate olive<br />
|-<br />
|[[Benzphetamine]] HCl || Brilliant yellow green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Chlorpromazine]] HCl || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Cocaine]] HCl || Deep orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Codeine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Amphetamine]] HCl || Moderate bluish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[d-Methamphetamine]] HCl || Dark yellowish green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Diacetylmorphine]] HCl (Heroin) || Moderate reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dimethoxy-meth HCl || Dark olive brown <br />
|-<br />
|[[Doxepin]] HCl || Very reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|Dristan || Greyish olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Exedrine]] || Dark olive <br />
|-<br />
|[[Mace]] || Moderate olive green<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylenedioxyamphetamine]] HCl (MDA) || Bluish black<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mescaline]] HCl || Dark yellowish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methadone]] HCl || Dark greyish blue<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methaqualone]] || Very orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Methylphenidate]] HCl || Brilliant orange yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Morphine]] monohydrate || Dark greyish reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Opium]] || Olive black <br />
|-<br />
|[[Oxycodone]] HCl || Dark greenish yellow<br />
|-<br />
|[[Procaine]] HCl || Deep orange<br />
|-<br />
|[[Propoxyphene]] HCl || Dark reddish brown<br />
|-<br />
|[[Salt]] || Strong orange<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Pill testing]]<br />
* [[Marquis reagent]]<br />
* [[Mecke reagent]]<br />
* [[Liebermann reagent]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<div class='references-small'><br />
<references/><br />
</div><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
[[Category:Chemical tests]]<br />
[[Category:Analytical reagents]]<br />
[[Category:Drug testing reagents]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{chem-stub}}</div>Testem