Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Tetris-Effekt

2014-08-16T04:25:25Z

Supernerd11: /* History of the term */ Wikilinks; SF ==> science fiction

[[Image:Emacs Tetris vector based detail.svg|thumb|200px|Screenshot of a tetromino game. People who play video puzzle games like this for a long time may see moving images like this at the edges of their visual fields, when they close their eyes, or when they are drifting off to sleep.]]
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Tetris'' effect}}
The '''''Tetris'' effect''' (also known as '''''Tetris'' Syndrome''') occurs when people devote so much time and attention to an activity that it begins to pattern their [[thought]]s, [[mental image]]s, and [[dream]]s. It is named after the [[video game]] ''[[Tetris]]''.

People who play ''Tetris'' for a prolonged amount of time may then find themselves thinking about ways different shapes in the real world can fit together, such as the boxes on a supermarket shelf or the buildings on a street.<ref name="Earling">Earling, A. (1996, March 21–28). [http://www.citypaper.net/articles/032196/article038.shtml The Tetris Effect: Do computer games fry your brain?] ''Philadelphia City Paper''</ref> In this sense, the ''Tetris'' effect is a form of [[habit (psychology)|habit]]. They might also dream about falling [[tetromino]]s when drifting off to sleep or see images of falling tetrominos at the edges of their visual fields or when they close their eyes.<ref name="Earling"/> In this sense, the ''Tetris'' effect is a form of [[hypnagogic imagery]].

==Other examples==

The ''Tetris'' effect can occur with other video games.<ref name="terdiman">{{Cite news |author=Daniel Terdiman |date=January 11, 2005 |url=http://www.wired.com/gaming/gamingreviews/news/2005/01/66225 |title=Real World Doesn't Use a Joystick |work=Wired}}</ref> It has also been known to occur with non-video games, such as the illusion of curved lines after doing a [[jigsaw puzzle]], or the involuntary mental visualisation of [[Rubik's Cube]] algorithms common amongst speedcubers.

On [[proprioception|a perceptual level]], "sea legs" are a kind of ''Tetris'' effect. A person newly on land after spending long periods at sea may sense illusory rocking motion, having become accustomed to the constant work of adjusting to the boat making such movements. See ''[[Illusions of self-motion]]'' and ''[[Mal de debarquement]]''. The poem "Boots" by [[Rudyard Kipling]] describes the effect, resulting from repetitive visual experience during a [[Loaded march|route march]]:

{{Quote|text=’Tain’t—so—bad—by—day because o’ company,
But—night—brings—long—strings—o’ forty thousand million 
Boots—boots—boots—boots—movin’ up an’ down again.
There’s no discharge in the war!|sign=[[Rudyard Kipling]]|source=''Boots''}}

On the mental level, [[computer programming]] has resulted in dreams about coding.<ref>{{cite web|title=14-Year-Old Prodigy Programmer Dreams In Code|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBXZWB_dNsw |work=THNKR |publisher=@radical.media}}</ref> Mathematicians have reported dreaming of numbers or equations, for example [[Srinivasa Ramanujan]], or [[Friedrich Engels]] who remarked "last week in a dream I gave a chap my shirt-buttons to differentiate, and he ran off with them".<ref>{{cite letter
| first = Friedrich
| last = Engels
| recipient = Karl Marx
| subject = Marx-Engels Correspondence 1881
| date = {{date|1881-08-10|mdy}}
| url = https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1881/letters/81_08_10a.htm
| accessdate = {{date|2014-07-31|mdy}}
}}</ref>

==Place in cognition==
Stickgold et al. (2000) have proposed that ''Tetris'' imagery is a separate form of [[memory]], likely related to [[procedural memory]]. This is from their research in which they showed that people with [[anterograde amnesia]], unable to form new [[declarative memory|declarative memories]], reported dreaming of falling shapes after playing ''Tetris'' during the day, despite not being able to remember playing the game at all.<ref name="stickgold">{{Cite journal
| last1 = Stickgold | first1 = Robert
| last2 = Malia | first2 = April
| last3 = Maguire | first3 = Denise
| last4 = Roddenberry | first4 = David
| last5 = O'Connor | first5 = Margaret
| title = Replaying the Game: Hypnagogic Images in Normals and Amnesics
| doi = 10.1126/science.290.5490.350
| journal = Science
| volume = 290
| issue = 5490
| pages = 350–353
| year = 2000
| pmid = 11030656
}}</ref>

A study, conducted by [[Lynn Okagaki]] and Peter Frensch in 1994, showed that participants who played ''Tetris'' for twelve 30-minute sessions (with no previous experience of the game) did much better than the control group in both the paper-pencil test version of spatial skills as well as the computerized version. The conclusions drawn from this experiments were that video games such as ''Tetris'' had a positive effect on three areas of spatial skills including [[mental rotation]], spatial perception and [[spatial visualization ability|spacial visualization]] in those who played for a prolonged period continuously.<ref name="Okagaki">Okagaki, L., Frensch,P. (1994). Effects of video game playing on measures of spatial performance: Gender effects in late adolescence. ''Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology'', 15(1) 33-58.</ref>

Another 2009 Oxford study suggests that playing ''Tetris''-like video games may help prevent the development of traumatic memories. If the video game treatment is played soon after the traumatic event, the preoccupation with ''Tetris'' shapes is enough to prevent the mental recitation of traumatic images, thereby decreasing the accuracy, intensity, and frequency of traumatic reminders. "We suggest it specifically interferes with the way sensory memories are laid down in the period after trauma and thus reduces the number of flashbacks that are experienced afterwards," summarizes Dr. Emily Holmes, who led the study.<ref name="holmes">{{Cite journal | year=2009 | title=Can Playing the Computer Game "Tetris" Reduce the Build-Up of Flashbacks for Trauma? A Proposal from Cognitive Science | journal=PLoS ONE |volume=4| page=e4153 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0004153|author=Holmes EA, James EL, Coode-Bate T, Deeprose C, | pmid=19127289 | issue=1 | pmc=2607539 | editor1-last=Bell | editor1-first=Vaughan | postscript={{inconsistent citations}}}}</ref><ref name="Tetrishelps">{{Cite news |title=Tetris 'helps to reduce trauma' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7813637.stm |date=January 7, 2009 |work=BBC News}}</ref>

==History of the term==
The earliest known reference to the term appears in Jeffrey Goldsmith's article, "This is Your Brain on Tetris", published in [[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] in May 1994:
<blockquote>No home was sweet without a [[Gameboy]] in 1990. That year, I stayed "for a week" with a friend in Tokyo, and Tetris enslaved my brain. At night, geometric shapes fell in the darkness as I lay on loaned [[tatami]] floor space. Days, I sat on a lavender suede sofa and played Tetris furiously. During rare jaunts from the house, I visually fit cars and trees and people together. [...]
The Tetris effect is a biochemical, reductionistic metaphor, if you will, for curiosity, invention, the creative urge. To fit shapes together is to organize, to build, to make deals, to fix, to understand, to fold sheets. All of our mental activities are analogous, each as potentially addictive as the next.<ref>{{cite web|last=Goldsmith|first=Jeffrey|title=This is Your Brain on Tetris|url=http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/2.05/tetris.html|work=Wired Issue 2.05|accessdate=20 December 2012|date=May 1994}}</ref></blockquote>
The term was rediscovered by Earling (1996),<ref name="Earling"/> citing a use of the term by Garth Kidd in February, 1996.<ref name="Kidd">Kidd, G. (1996). [http://catless.ncl.ac.uk/Risks/17.78.html#subj1 Possible future risk of virtual reality.] ''The RISKS Digest: Forum on Risks to the Public in Computers and Related Systems'' '''17(78)'''</ref> Kidd described "after-images of the game for up to days afterwards" and "a tendency to identify everything in the world as being made of four squares and attempt to determine 'where it fits in'". Kidd attributed the origin of the term to computer-game players from [[Adelaide]], [[Australia]].
An early description of the general phenomenon appears in [[Neil Gaiman]]'s science fiction poem "Virus"<ref name=Virus>[http://www.scribd.com/doc/7227151/Gaiman-Neil-Virus Virus]</ref> (1987) in Digital Dreams.

==''L'effet Tetris''==
''L'effet Tetris'' (French: the ''Tetris'' effect) is a similarly named, but quite different phenomenon found in evolutionary [[AI]] systems related to the concept of [[bounded rationality]]. ''L'effet Tetris'' then, is the effect whereby a hasty, but imprecise course of action is better than calculating an optimal move where such a calculation would not be completed in time; in short, [[Evolutionary computation|evolutionary]] systems often find local rather than global optima. {{citation needed|date=April 2014}}

==See also==
* [[Domino effect]]
* [[Earworm]]
* [[Fixation (psychology)]]
* [[Highway hypnosis]]
* [[Neuroplasticity]]
* [[Tetromino]]
* [[Video game addiction]]

==References==

{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=0001F172-55DA-1C75-9B81809EC588EF21 ''Tetris dreams''] - Scientific American magazine, October 2000

{{Tetris}}

[[Category:Tetris]]
[[Category:Memory]]

Never Gonna Give You Up

2014-08-02T02:27:10Z

Supernerd11: /* Cover versions */ Rm non-notable covers; +ref for Family Guy one (although a better ref would be good); Tay Zonday gets a better ref; Punctuation & caps (edited with ProveIt)

{{About|the Rick Astley song}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}
{{Infobox single
| Name = Never Gonna Give You Up
| Cover = RickAstleyNeverGonnaGiveYouUp7InchSingleCover.jpg
| Artist = [[Rick Astley]]
| Album = [[Whenever You Need Somebody]]
| Released = 3 August 1987
| Format = {{hlist|[[7" single]]|[[12-inch single|12" maxi]]}}
| Recorded = 31 March 1987
| Genre = {{hlist|[[Dance-pop]]<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/music/spirit-of-radio-in-toronto-getting-an-indie-twist/article13512683/ |first= Brad |last= Wheeler |title= Spirit of radio in Toronto getting an indie twist |newspaper= [[The Globe and Mail]] |date= 30 July 2013 |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>|[[blue-eyed soul]]<ref>{{cite journal|title= The 10 Best Internet Memes of the Decade (2000-2009) |url= http://www.pastemagazine.com/blogs/lists/2009/11/the-10-best-internet-memes-of-the-decade.html?p=2 |magazine= [[Paste (magazine)|Paste]] |date= 1 November 2009 |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>}}
| Length = 3:32
| Label = [[RCA Records]]
| Writer = [[Stock Aitken Waterman|Mike Stock • Matt Aitken • Pete Waterman]]
| Producer = [[Stock Aitken Waterman]]
| Editor = [[Robert Grieg Bannochie]]
| Last single = "When You Gonna" (with Lisa Carter) (1987)
| This single = "'''Never Gonna Give You Up'''" (1987)
| Next single = "[[Learning to Live (Without Your Love)]]" (with [[O'Chi Brown]]) (1987)
| Misc = {{Extra track listing
| Album = [[Whenever You Need Somebody]]
| Type = single
| prev_track =
| prev_no =
| this_track = "'''Never Gonna Give You Up'''"
| track_no = 1
| next_track = "[[Whenever You Need Somebody (song)#Rick Astley version|Whenever You Need Somebody]]"
| next_no = 2
}}
{{Extra music sample
| Type = single
| filename = Rick Astley - Never Gonna Give You Up.ogg
| format = [[Ogg]]
| title = "Never Gonna Give You Up"
| artist = Rick Astley}}
{{External music video|{{YouTube|dQw4w9WgXcQ|"Never Gonna Give You Up"}}}}
}}

"'''Never Gonna Give You Up'''" is a 1987 song performed by British singer [[Rick Astley]]. It was written and produced by [[Stock Aitken Waterman|Stock, Aitken & Waterman]]. The song was released as the first [[Single (music)|single]] from Astley's multi-million selling debut album, ''[[Whenever You Need Somebody]]''. The song was a worldwide number-one hit, initially in the singer's native United Kingdom in 1987, where it stayed at [[List of UK Singles Chart number ones|no. 1]] for five weeks and was the best-selling single of that year. It eventually topped the charts in 25 countries, including the US and West Germany.<ref>{{cite web|title= Biography |publisher= Mike Stock Music |accessdate= 14 November 2011 |url= http://www.mikestockmusic.com/index.php?page=Biography02&section=sectionBiography}}</ref>

The song won Best British Single at the 1988 [[Brit Awards]]. In 2004, it was voted no. 28 in ''50 Most Awesomely Bad Songs... Ever'' by [[VH1]].

The [[music video]] for the song has become the basis for the "[[Rickrolling]]" [[Internet meme]]. In 2008, Rick Astley won the MTV EMA awards for [[MTV Europe Music Award for Best Act|"Best Act Ever"]] with the song "Never Gonna Give You Up," as a result of collective voting from thousands of people on the internet, due to the popular phenomenon of Rickrolling. It was also featured as a downloadable track for the ''[[Rock Band]]'' series.

==Music video==
In the "Never Gonna Give You Up" [[music video]], directed by [[Simon West]],<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0922346/ |title= Simon West |publisher= [[Internet Movie Database]] |accessdate= 20 July 2013}}</ref> produced by [[Andy Picheta]] and edited by [[Robert Bannochie]], a smiling Astley sings and dances to the song in various outfits and venues in west [[London]], sometimes accompanied by [[backup dancer]]s. A bartender, played by Clive Clarke (who appeared prolifically in 1980s music videos, and was a member of [[Top of the Pops]] dance troupe Zoo) gradually shifts from casually noticing Astley's singing to being fully engrossed in the song with energetic acrobatic moves. The athletic exertion of many of the other dancers also becomes more intense over the course of Astley's performance.

==Cover versions==
* In 1997, French band [[2Be3]] covered the song under the name "Toujours là pour toi," which had a great success in France (No. 4) and Belgium (Wallonia) (No. 12).<ref>{{cite web|title= lescharts.com – 2 Be 3 – Toujours là pour toi |publisher= Lescharts.com. Hung Medien |url= http://lescharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=2+Be+3&titel=Toujours+l%E0+pour+toi&cat=s |accessdate= 20 July 2013}}</ref>
* In 1999, an Italian cover entitled "Non ti lascerò" was made by [[Rosario Fiorello|Fiorello]].<ref>{{it}} {{cite web|title= Discography Fiorello |url= http://www.estatica.it/en/musica/fiorello/discografia |publisher= Estatica.it |accessdate= 14 November 2011}}</ref>
* [[Eurobeat]] artist [[Kevin Johnson (singer)]] covered the song in 2004 for the album ''[[Super Eurobeat|Super Eurobeat 149]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.discogs.com/release/445882 |title= Various ‎– Super Eurobeat Vol. 149 |publisher= Discogs |accessdate= 14 November 2011}}</ref>
* In August 2007, [[internet celebrity]] and singer, [[Tay Zonday]] covered the song.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.craveonline.com/lifestyle/articles/195533-10-funny-versions-of-never-gonna-give-you-up | title=10 Funny Versions of “Never Gonna Give You Up” | publisher=Craveonline Media, LLC | date=7 September 2012 | accessdate=1 August 2014 | author=Golden, Geoffery}}</ref>
* On 25 November 2008, [[Barry Manilow]] released a version of the song on his ''[[The Greatest Songs of the Eighties]]'' album.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.amazon.com/dp/B001HUBFPG |title= The Greatest Songs Of The Eighties: Barry Manilow: Music |publisher= [[Amazon.com]] |accessdate= 14 November 2011}}</ref>
* In the [[Family Guy]] episode "[[Meet the Quagmires]]," Brian Griffin (voiced by [[Seth MacFarlane]]) sings the song.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ign.com/articles/2007/05/21/family-guy-meet-the-quagmires-review | title=Family Guy: "Meet the Quagmires" Review | publisher=IGN Entertainment, Inc. | date=21 May 2007 | accessdate=1 August 2014 | author=Haque, Ahsan}}</ref>{{Better source|reason=Article only alludes to it specifically being "Never Gonna Give You Up", never naming the song.|date=August 2014}}

==The Rickrollerz==
{{Infobox single
|Name = Never Gonna Give You Up
|Cover =
|Artist = The Rickrollerz
|Released = 11 April 2008
|Producer = The Rickrollerz
|Writer = [[Stock Aitken Waterman]]
}}

A group of [[London]] dance producers, called The Rickrollerz made a [[house music]] cover version of "Never Gonna Give You Up"<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/chartblog/2008/04/please_give_me_up_give_me_up_1.shtml |title= Please, Give Me Up, GIVE ME UP! |first= Fraser |last= McAlpine |publisher= [[BBC Online]] |date= 14 April 2008 |accessdate= 6 December 2009}}</ref> The song was remixed on the same day and in the same studio where the original recording took place 20 years earlier. In May 2008, the track entered the UK Club Charts at no. 22.

==Track listings==
; 7" single
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" — 3:33
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" (Instrumental) — 3:30

; 12" maxi
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" (Cake mix) — 5:46
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" (Instrumental) — 6:19
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" — 3:33
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" (Escape to New York mix) — 7:01
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" (Escape from Newton mix) — 6:23

; 12" maxi
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" (Cake mix) — 5:48
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" (Instrumental) — 3:30
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" — 3:33

; 12" single
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" (Escape from Newton mix) — 6:30
# "Never Gonna Give You Up" (Escape to New York mix) — 7:00

==Personnel==
*Written and produced by [[Stock Aitken Waterman|Stock, Aitken & Waterman]]
*Engineer : Mark McGuire, Mike Duffy
*Mixed by :
**Escape from Newton mix : Mixmaster Pete Hammond
**Escape to New York mix : The Extra Beat Boys

==Rickrolling==
{{Main|Rickrolling}}
"Never Gonna Give You Up" is the subject of a popular Internet [[prank]] known as "rickrolling" involving misleading links (commonly shortened URLs) redirecting to the song's music video.<ref>{{cite video|url= http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lr9G9Afdkfw |publisher= YouTube |title= An example of rickrolling |date= 23 February 2012 |accessdate= 25 February 2012}}</ref> By May 2007, the practice had achieved notoriety on the Internet, and it increased in popularity after its use as a 2008 [[April Fools' Day]] joke by various media companies and websites, including [[YouTube]] rickrolling all of its featured videos on that day and a website allowing people to rickroll their friends' phones.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.comedycalls.com |title= Send funny stuff to your friends' phones! |publisher= ComedyCalls.com |accessdate= 14 November 2011}}</ref>

In "a couple of weeks," about 13 million people had been rickrolled into watching Astley's video, the BBC reported on 1 April 2008. "I think it's just one of those odd things where something gets picked up and people run with it," Astley told the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' in late March 2008, adding: "That's what's brilliant about the Internet."<ref>{{cite news|title= Rickrolling and the league of web fame |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7325280.stm |first= Mark |last= Savage |publisher= [[BBC News Online]] |date= 1 April 2008 |accessdate= 20 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Wayback|url= http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/webscout/2008/03/rick-astley-kin.html |title= Web Scout: Spinning through online entertainment and connected culture. |date= 20110926194338 |df= yes}}. ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''. 25 March 2008. Retrieved 11 October 2013.</ref>

Astley also appeared in the 2008 [[Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade]] interrupting a song performed by those on a float promoting the [[Cartoon Network]] program ''[[Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends]]'' with a lipsynched performance of "Never Gonna Give You Up."

Despite the video garnering millions of hits on [[YouTube]], Astley has earned almost no money from the meme, receiving only US$12 in royalties from YouTube for his performance share, as of August 2010.<ref>{{cite news|title= German judge chides Google over YouTube freeloading |first= Andrew |last= Orlowski |url= http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/08/31/gema_youtube/ |date= 31 August 2010 |work= [[The Register]] |accessdate= 11 October 2013}}</ref>

==Charts and certifications==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
===Peak positions===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Chart (1987–1988)
!Peak position
|-
|Australia ([[Kent Music Report]])<ref>{{cite book|first= David |last= Kent |authorlink= David Kent (historian) |title= [[Kent Music Report|Australian Chart Book 1970-1992]] |publisher= Australian Chart Book |location= [[St Ives, New South Wales|St Ives]], N.S.W. |year= 1993 |isbn= 0-646-11917-6}}</ref>
|align="center"|1
|-
{{singlechart|Austria|4|artist=Rick Astley|song=Never Gonna Give You Up|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|-
{{singlechart|Flanders|1|artist=Rick Astley|song=Never Gonna Give You Up|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|-
|Belgium ([[Top 30|VRT Top 30]] Flanders)<ref>{{nl}} {{cite web|url= http://top30-2.radio2.be/#/song-info/6376 |title= Never Gonna Give You Up – RICK ASTLEY |publisher= [[Top 30]] |quote= Hoogste notering in de top 30 : 1 |accessdate= 20 July 2013}}</ref>
|align="center"|1
|-
{{singlechart|Canadaadultcontemporary|1|chartid=8884|accessdate=4 June 2013}}
|-
{{singlechart|Canadatopsingles|1|chartid=0950|accessdate=31 May 2013}}
|-
|Denmark<ref name="Blackwell">{{cite book|title= Earl Blackwell's Celebrity Register, 1990 |first= Earl |last= Blackwell |year= 1990 |publisher= [[Gale (publisher)|Gale Research Inc.]] |isbn= 978-0-8103-6875-0 |page= 16}}</ref>
|align="center"|1
|-
|Finland ([[The Official Finnish Charts|Suomen virallinen lista]])<ref name="Blackwell"/>
|align="center"|1
|-
{{singlechart|France|6|artist=Rick Astley|song=Never Gonna Give You Up|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|-
{{singlechart|Germany2|1|artist=Rick Astley|song=Never Gonna Give You Up|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|-
|Ireland ([[Irish Recorded Music Association|IRMA]])<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.irishcharts.ie/search/placement |title= The Irish Charts – All there is to know |publisher= Irishcharts.ie |accessdate= 20 July 2013}}</ref>
|align="center"|2
|-
|Italy ([[Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana|FIMI]])<ref name="IT">{{it}} {{cite web|title= I singoli più venduti del 1987 |url= http://www.hitparadeitalia.it/hp_yends/hpe1987.htm |publisher= Hit Parade Italia. [[Creative Commons]] |accessdate= 20 July 2013}}</ref>
|align="center"|3
|-
{{singlechart|Dutch40|1|artist=Rick Astley - Never Gonna Give You Up|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|-
{{singlechart|Dutch100|1|artist=Rick Astley|song=Never Gonna Give You Up|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|-
{{singlechart|New Zealand|1|artist=Rick Astley|song=Never Gonna Give You Up|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|-
{{singlechart|Norway|1|artist=Rick Astley|song=Never Gonna Give You Up|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|-
|South Africa ([[Springbok Radio]])<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.rock.co.za/files/springbok_top_20_(A).html |title= South African Rock Lists Website SA Charts 1969 – 1989 Acts (A) |publisher= Rock.co.za |accessdate= 20 July 2013}}</ref>
|align="center"|1
|-
|Spain ([[Productores de Música de España|AFYVE]])<ref>{{es}} {{cite book|first= Fernando |last= Salaverri |title= Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 |edition= 1st |date= September 2005 |publisher= Fundación Autor-SGAE |location= Spain |isbn= 84-8048-639-2}}</ref>
|align="center"|1
|-
{{singlechart|Sweden|1|artist=Rick Astley|song=Never Gonna Give You Up|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|-
{{singlechart|Switzerland|2|artist=Rick Astley|song=Never Gonna Give You Up|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|-
{{singlechart|UK|1|date=1987-08-29|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|-
|US ''Billboard'' [[Adult Contemporary (chart)|Adult Contemporary]]<ref name="awards"/>
|align="center"|1
|-
|US [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]<ref name="awards">{{cite web|url= http://www.allmusic.com/artist/rick-astley-mn0000354722/awards |title= Rick Astley – Awards |publisher= [[AllMusic]]. [[All Media Network]] |accessdate= 20 July 2013}}</ref>
|align="center"|1
|-
|US ''Billboard'' [[Hot Dance Club Songs|Hot Dance Club Play]]<ref name="awards"/>
|align="center"|1
|-
|US ''Billboard'' [[Dance/Electronic Singles Sales|Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales]]<ref name="awards"/>
|align="center"|1
|-
|US [[Cashbox (magazine)|''Cash Box'']]<ref>{{Wayback|title= CASH BOX Top 100 Singles – Week ending MARCH 19, 1988 |date= 20121007030231 |url= http://cashboxmagazine.com/archives/80s_files/19880319.html |df= yes}}. [[Cashbox (magazine)|''Cash Box'' magazine]]. Retrieved 30 July 2014.</ref>
|align="center"|1
|}

{|class="wikitable"
!Chart (2008)
!Peak position
|-
{{singlechart|UKchartarchive|73|artist=Rick Astley|accessdate=20 July 2013}}
|}
{{col-2}}
===Year-end charts===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Chart (1987)
!Position
|-
|Belgium ([[Ultratop|Ultratop 50]] Flanders)<ref>{{nl}} {{cite web|url= http://www.ultratop.be/nl/annual.asp?year=1987 |title= Jaaroverzichten 1987 |publisher= [[Ultratop]]. Hung Medien |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>
|align="center"|7
|-
|France ([[Institut français d'opinion publique|IFOP]])<ref>{{fr}} {{cite web|url= http://www.top-france.fr/html/annuel/1987.htm |title= TOP – 1987 |publisher= Top-france.fr |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>
|align="center"|39
|-
|Germany ([[GfK Entertainment|Media Control Charts]])
|align="center"|14
|-
|Italy ([[Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana|FIMI]])<ref name="IT"/>
|align="center"|13
|-
|Netherlands ([[Dutch Top 40]])<ref>{{nl}} {{cite web|url= http://www.top40.nl/pdf/top100/top100-1987.pdf |title= Single Top 100 over 1987 |publisher= [[Dutch Top 40]] |format= PDF |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>
|align="center"|6
|-
|Netherlands ([[Single Top 100]])<ref>{{nl}} {{cite web|url= http://dutchcharts.nl/jaaroverzichten.asp?year=1987&cat=s |title= Jaaroverzichten – Single 1987 |publisher= [[Single Top 100]]. Hung Medien |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>
|align="center"|5
|-
|Switzerland ([[Swiss Hitparade|Schweizer Hitparade]])<ref>{{ger}} {{cite web|url= http://hitparade.ch/year.asp?key=1987 |title= Schweizer Jahreshitparade 1987 |publisher= Hitparade.ch. Hung Medien |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>
|align="center"|20
|-
|UK Singles ([[UK Singles Chart|Official Charts Company]])<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/the-biggest-selling-singles-of-every-year-revealed-1952-2011-1720/ |title= The biggest selling singles of every year revealed! (1952-2011) |publisher= [[Official Charts Company]] |date= 18 November 2012 |first= Dan |last= Lane |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>
|align="center"|1
|}

{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Chart (1988)
!Position
|-
|Australia ([[ARIA Charts|ARIA]])<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-end-of-year-charts-top-50-singles-1988.htm |title= ARIA Charts – End Of Year Charts – Top 50 Singles 1988 |publisher= [[ARIA Charts]]. [[Australian Recording Industry Association|ARIA]] |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>
|align="center"|8
|-
|South Africa ([[Springbok Radio]])<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.rock.co.za/files/sahits_1988.html |title= Top 20 Hit Singles of 1988 |publisher= Rock.co.za |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>
|align="center"|1
|-
|US ''Billboard'' [[Adult Contemporary (chart)|Adult Contemporary]]<ref>{{Wayback|title= Top Adult Contemporary Singles of 1988 |url= http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/archivesearch/article_display/854930 |date= 20121008125030 |df= yes}}. ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''. [[Prometheus Global Media]]. 31 December 1988. Retrieved 30 July 2014.</ref>
|align="center"|8
|-
|US [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]<ref>{{cite web|url= http://longboredsurfer.com/charts/1988.php |title= Top 100 Hits for 1988 |publisher= The Longbored Surfer |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>
|align="center"|4
|-
|US [[Cashbox (magazine)|''Cash Box'']]<ref>{{Wayback|url= http://cashboxmagazine.com/archives/80s_files/1988YESP.html |title= The CASH BOX Year-End Charts: 1988 |date= 20121007030529 |df= yes}}. [[Cashbox (magazine)|''Cash Box'' magazine]]. Retrieved 30 July 2014.</ref>
|align="center"|2
|}

===Certifications and sales===
{{Certification Table Top}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Canada|type=single|artist=Rick Astley|title=Never Gonna Give You Up|award=Gold|relyear=1988|salesamount=50,000|autocat=yes}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=France|type=single|artist=Rick Astley|title=Never Gonna Give You Up|award=Silver|relyear=1987|certyear=1987|salesamount=267,000|salesref=<ref>{{fr}} {{cite web|title= Les Singles en Argent |url= http://www.infodisc.fr/S_Certif_Argent.php |publisher= InfoDisc |accessdate= 30 July 2014}}</ref>|recent=false|autocat=yes}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Germany|type=single|artist=Rick Astley|title=Never Gonna Give You Up|award=Gold|relyear=1987|certyear=1987|autocat=yes}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Netherlands|type=single|artist=Rick Astley|title=Never Gonna Give You Up|award=Platinum|relyear=1987|certyear=1987|autocat=yes}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Sweden|type=single|artist=Rick Astley|title=Never Gonna Give You Up|award=Gold|relyear=1987|certyear=1987|autocat=yes}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=United Kingdom|type=single|artist=Rick Astley|title=Never Gonna Give You Up|award=Gold|relyear=1987|certyear=1987|autocat=yes}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=United States|type=single|artist=Rick Astley|title=Never Gonna Give You Up|award=Gold|relyear=1987|certyear=1989|autocat=yes}}
{{Certification Table Bottom}}
{{col-end}}

{{s-start-collapsible|header={{s-prec}}}}
{{s-bef|before="[[Too Much Ain't Enough Love]]" by [[Jimmy Barnes]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Kent Music Report|Australian Kent Music Report]] [[List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1980s#1987 (Australian Music Report)|number-one single]]|years= 30 November 1987 – 11 January 1988 (7 weeks)}}
{{s-aft|rows=3|after="[[Faith (George Michael song)|Faith]]" by [[George Michael]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|rows=4|before="[[Bad (Michael Jackson song)|Bad]]" by [[Michael Jackson]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Single Top 100|Single Top 100 number-one single]]|years= 10 October 1987 – 7 November 1987 (5 weeks)}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ultratop|Belgian Ultratop 50 Flanders number-one single]]|years= 24 October 1987 – 14 November 1988 (4 weeks)}}
|-
{{s-ttl|title=[[Top 30|Belgian VRT Top 30 Flanders number-one single]]|years= 31 October 1987 – 14 November 1988 (3 weeks)}}
{{s-aft|rows=4|after="[[Pump Up the Volume (song)|Pump Up the Volume]]" by [[MARRS|M|A|R|R|S]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Dutch Top 40]] [[Dutch Top 40 number-one hits of 1987|number-one single]]|years= 10 October 1987 – 31 October 1987 (4 weeks)}}
|-
{{s-bef|before="[[I Think We're Alone Now#Tiffany version|I Think We're Alone Now]]" by [[Tiffany (American singer)|Tiffany]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Recorded Music NZ|New Zealand]] [[List of number-one singles in 1988 (New Zealand)|number-one single]]|years= 7 February 1988 (1 week)}}
{{s-bef|before="[[I Just Can't Stop Loving You]]" by [[Michael Jackson]] featuring [[Siedah Garrett]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[UK Singles Chart]] [[List of UK Singles Chart number ones of the 1980s#1987|number-one single]]|years= 29 August 1987 – 26 September 1987 (5 weeks)}}
{{succession box
|before = "[[Seasons Change]]" by [[Exposé (group)|Exposé]]
|title = [[RPM (magazine)|Canadian ''RPM'' Adult Contemporary number-one single]]
|years = 2 April 1988 – 9 April 1988 (2 weeks)
|after = "[[Father Figure (song)|Father Figure]]" by [[George Michael]]
}}
{{succession box
|before = "[[Pump Up the Volume (song)|Pump Up the Volume]]" by [[MARRS|M|A|R|R|S]]
|title = [[RPM (magazine)|Canadian ''RPM'']] [[List of number-one singles of 1988 (Canada)|number-one single]]
|years = 19 March 1988 – 2 April 1988 (3 weeks)
|after = "[[Get Outta My Dreams, Get into My Car]]" by [[Billy Ocean]]
}}
{{succession box
|before = "[[Voyage, voyage]]" by [[Desireless]]
|title = [[Media Control Charts|German]] [[Number-one hits of 1987 (Germany)|number-one single]]
|years = 5 October 1987 – 19 October 1987 (3 weeks)
|after = "[[You Win Again (Bee Gees song)|You Win Again]]" by the [[Bee Gees]]
}}
{{succession box
|before = "[[Brilliant Disguise]]" by [[Bruce Springsteen]]
|title = [[VG-lista|Norwegian]] [[List of number-one songs in Norway|number-one single]]
|years = 43/1987 (1 week)
|after = "[[Voyage, voyage]]" by [[Desireless]]
}}
{{succession box
|before = "[[La Bamba (song)|La Bamba]]" by [[Los Lobos]]
|title = [[Springbok Radio|South African number-one single]]
|years = 26 December 1987 – 23 January 1988 (5 weeks)
|after = "[[(I've Had) The Time of My Life]]" by [[Bill Medley]] and [[Jennifer Warnes]]
}}
{{succession box
|before = "[[It's a Sin]]" by [[Pet Shop Boys]]
|title = [[Sverigetopplistan|Swedish]] [[List of number-one singles and albums in Sweden|number-one single]]
|years = 30 September 1987 – 11 November 1987 (4 weeks)
|after = "Oh Mama" by Lili & Sussie
}}
{{succession box
|before = "[[Bad (Michael Jackson song)|Bad]]" by [[Michael Jackson]] "Soul Survivor" by [[C. C. Catch]] "[[Never Can Say Goodbye]]" by [[The Communards]]
|title = [[Productores de Música de España|Spanish]] [[List of number-one singles of 1987 (Spain)|number-one single]]
|years = 3 December 1987 – 10 December 1987 (2 weeks) 24 December 1987 – 7 January 1988 (3 weeks) 4 February 1988 (1 week)
|after = "Soul Survivor" by [[C. C. Catch]] "[[Never Can Say Goodbye#The Communards version|Never Can Say Goodbye]]" by [[The Communards]] "[[Always on My Mind#Pet Shop Boys version|Always on My Mind]] by [[Pet Shop Boys]]
}}
{{succession box
|before = "[[She's Like the Wind]]" by [[Patrick Swayze]]
|title = [[Adult Contemporary (chart)|US ''Billboard'' Adult Contemporary]] [[List of number-one adult contemporary singles of 1988 (U.S.)|number-one single]]
|years = 12 March 1988 – 26 March 1988 (3 weeks)
|after = "[[Where Do Broken Hearts Go]]" by [[Whitney Houston]]
}}
{{s-bef|rows=2|before="[[Father Figure (song)|Father Figure]]" by [[George Michael]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Billboard Hot 100|US ''Billboard'' Hot 100]] [[List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1988|number-one single]]|years= 12 March 1988 – 19 March 1988 (2 weeks)}}
{{s-aft|rows=2|after="[[Man in the Mirror]]" by [[Michael Jackson]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Cashbox (magazine)|US ''Cash Box'']] [[List of Cash Box Top 100 number-one singles of 1988|number-one single]]|years= 19 March 1988 (1 week)}}
{{succession box
|before = "[[I'm Beggin' You]]" by [[Supertramp]]
|title = [[Hot Dance Club Songs|US ''Billboard'' Hot Dance Club Play]] [[List of number-one dance singles of 1988 (U.S.)|number-one single]]
|years = 16 January 1988 (1 week)
|after = "[[What Have I Done to Deserve This? (song)|What Have I Done to Deserve This?]]" by [[Pet Shop Boys]] and [[Dusty Springfield]]
}}
{{succession box
|before = "[[Don't Leave Me This Way]]" by [[The Communards]] with [[Sarah Jane Morris (singer)|Sarah Jane Morris]] 1986
|title = [[UK Singles Chart]] [[List of best-selling singles by year in the United Kingdom|best-selling single of the year]]
|years = '''1987'''
|after = "[[Mistletoe and Wine|Mistletoe & Wine]]" by [[Cliff Richard]] 1988
}}
{{s-end}}

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*{{MetroLyrics song|rick-astley|never-gonna-give-you-up}}

{{Rick Astley}}
{{UK best-selling singles (by year) 1970–1989}}

[[Category:1987 singles]]
[[Category:1987 songs]]
[[Category:2008 singles]]
[[Category:Rick Astley songs]]
[[Category:Ashley Tisdale songs]]
[[Category:Dance-pop songs]]
[[Category:Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles]]
[[Category:Billboard Adult Contemporary number-one singles]]
[[Category:Billboard Hot Dance Club Songs number-one singles]]
[[Category:Dutch Top 40 number-one singles]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in Australia]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in Germany]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in New Zealand]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in Norway]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in South Africa]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in Spain]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in Sweden]]
[[Category:RPM Adult Contemporary number-one singles]]
[[Category:RPM Top Singles number-one singles]]
[[Category:UK Singles Chart number-one singles]]
[[Category:Ultratop 50 Singles (Flanders) number-one singles]]
[[Category:Internet memes]]
[[Category:Brit Award for British Single]]
[[Category:Pete Waterman Entertainment singles]]
[[Category:RCA Records singles]]
[[Category:Song recordings produced by Stock Aitken Waterman]]
[[Category:Songs written by Matt Aitken]]
[[Category:Songs written by Mike Stock (musician)]]
[[Category:Songs written by Pete Waterman]]

Adrianne Wadewitz

2014-05-22T02:28:45Z

Supernerd11: /* Education */ Combining two sentences

{{Infobox person
| name = Adrianne Wadewitz
| image = Wikimania 2012 portrait 102 by ragesoss, 2012-07-13.JPG
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1977|01|06}}
| birth_place = [[Omaha, Nebraska]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2014|04|08|1977|01|06}}
| death_place = [[Palm Springs, California]]
| nationality = United States
| other_names =
| occupation = Academic
| known_for =
| alma_mater = [[Columbia University]] (B.A., English, 1999) [[Indiana University]] (Ph.D., 2011) <ref name=nyt/>
}}
'''Adrianne Wadewitz''' (January 6, 1977 – April 8, 2014) was an American feminist scholar of 18th-century [[British literature]], a noted [[Wikipedian]], and commenter upon [[Wikipedia]], particularly gender issues.

== Biography ==
[[File:Editing Wikipedia brochure EN.pdf|thumb|right|''Editing Wikipedia'' featuring Wadewitz as the face of Wikipedia]]

Adrianne Wadewitz was born on January 6, 1977, in [[Omaha, Nebraska]] to Betty M., a nurse and attorney, and Nathan R. Wadewitz, a [[Lutheran]] pastor.<ref name=LATimesObit>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/obituaries/la-me-adrianne-wadewitz-20140424,0,1077455.story|title=Adrianne Wadewitz dies at 37; helped diversify Wikipedia | date= April 23, 2014 | author=Elaine Woo | newspaper= [[Los Angeles Times]] }}</ref> She graduated from [[North Platte High School (Nebraska)|North Platte High School]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.omaha.com/article/20140423/NEWS/140429478/1707 | title=North Platte grad, 37, Wikipedia editor, dies in climbing fall | work=[[Omaha World Herald]] | date=April 23, 2014 | agency=World-Herald News Service | accessdate=27 April 2014 | author=Wetzel, Diane}}</ref> Wadewitz studied [[English literature]] and received a degree in English from [[Columbia University]] in 1999.<ref name=nyt>{{cite web |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/19/business/media/adrianne-wadewitz-37-wikipedia-editor-dies-after-rock-climbing-fall.html |title=Adrianne Wadewitz, 37, Wikipedia Editor, Dies After Rock Climbing Fall |last1=Cohen |first1=Noam |date=2014-04-18 |work=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=2014-04-18}}</ref> In 2011 she obtained a [[Ph.D.]] from [[Indiana University]] and became a [[postdoctoral fellow]] at the Center for Digital Learning and Research at [[Occidental College]]. She was chosen as a Mellon Digital Scholarship Postdoctoral Fellow and a HASTAC scholar.<ref name=HASTAC>{{cite web |last=Davidson |first=Cathy |title=Remembering Adrianne Wadewitz: Scholar, Communicator, Teacher, Leader |url=https://www.hastac.org/blogs/cathy-davidson/2014/04/10/remembering-adrianne-wadewitz-scholar-communicator-teacher-leader |publisher=HASTAC |accessdate=23 April 2014}}</ref>

==Academic career==

===Education===
Wadewitz graduated ''[[magna cum laude]]'' from [[Columbia University]], and later received her [[Master's degree|masters]] and [[Doctor of Philosophy|doctoral]] degrees in British literature with a minor in 18th-century studies from [[Indiana University]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://oxy.academia.edu/AdrianneWadewitz/CurriculumVitae |title=Curriculum Vitae of Adrianne Wadewitz |work =Academia.edu |accessdate=23 April 2014}}</ref> She completed both a [[master's thesis]], "'Doubting Thomas': The Failure of Religious Appropriation in The Age of Reason" (2003),<ref>{{cite web |last = Wadewitz | first = Adrianne |title = 'Doubting Thomas': The Failure of Religious Appropriation in The Age of Reason |url = http://iucat.iu.edu/catalog/6033513 |publisher = Indiana University |accessdate=23 April 2014}}</ref> and her [[doctoral dissertation]], '''Spare the Sympathy, Spoil the Child:' Sensibility, Selfhood, and the Maturing Reader, 1775–1815'' (2011).<ref>{{citation|last= Wadewitz |first= Adrianne |year= 2011 |url= http://search.proquest.com/docview/884792113 |title='Spare the Sympathy, Spoil the Child:' Sensibility, Selfhood, and the Maturing Reader, 1775-1815 | publisher= ProQuest Dissertations and Theses |place= Ann Arbor, MI}}. Order Number 3466388. Indiana University.</ref>

Her dissertation combined her research interests in archival work, children's literature, and gender studies. In it, Wadewitz studied the use of language and discursive strategies such as embedded narratives in children's books by [[Mary Wollstonecraft]], [[Anna Laetitia Barbauld]], [[Charlotte Turner Smith|Charlotte Smith]], [[Maria Edgeworth]], and others. She argued that through such reading, the child was supported in the construction of a "sympathetic self" that was "collective, benevolent, and imaginative."<ref>{{citation|last= Wadewitz |first= Adrianne |year= 2011 |url= http://search.proquest.com/docview/884792113 |title='Spare the Sympathy, Spoil the Child:' Sensibility, Selfhood, and the Maturing Reader, 1775-1815 |page= vi| publisher= ProQuest Dissertations and Theses |place= Ann Arbor, MI}}. Order Number 3466388. Indiana University.</ref> She also argued that the kinds of subjectivity displayed in late eighteenth-century children's literature challenged "the dominant Lockean model" by drawing upon "Rousseau's theory of education and the discourse of sensibility to construct a 'sympathetic self.' [...] Significantly, this 'sympathetic self' was available to both sexes and to children. Unlike other versions of the self based on sensibility, it was not predicated upon femininity. Moreover, maturation did not depend on age, but rather on one's state of mind; any person educated through this sympathetic literature could be an adult and participate in civic society through, for example, charitable acts."<ref>Wadewitz (2011), p. vi</ref> Moreover, through its analysis of "how childhood reading informed the reading of 'adult' novels by Jane Austen," it argued that "contemporary readers of Austen would have read her novels 'didactically' and followed the structural patterns of the children's literature they grew up reading rather than seeing the irony we value today."<ref>Wadewitz (2011), p. vii</ref>

=== Digital humanities===
In 2009, Wadewitz began putting ''[[The New England Primer]]'' online, culminating in a permanent online exhibit in 2012, with text and annotated transcriptions.<ref>[http://cdlrsandbox.org/neprimer/index.html New England Primer] exhibit and analysis, 2012. Retrieved April 21, 2014.</ref>

She published on topics including 18th-century children's literature, ambiguity in historical scholarship, and use of Wikipedia in the classroom.<ref name=works>[http://works.bepress.com/adrianne_wadewitz/doctype.html Selected Works of Adrienne Wadewitz], [http://scholar.oxy.edu/ OxyScholar Digital Repository], Occidental College. Retrieved April 21, 2014.</ref>

Writing about the use of Wikipedia in education, she argued that in addition to traditional writing and research skills, students should develop skills in media and technological literacy. Reflecting on the construction of knowledge, she emphasized the need to assess sources; distinguish between fact-based and persuasive writing; and be aware of authority and legitimacy. She promoted the development of curricula that included collaborative writing, development of writing skills in the context of a “community of practice”, and writing for a global readership.<ref name=works/>

==Wikipedia editing and advocacy==
[[File:The Impact of Wikipedia Adrianne Wadewitz.webm|thumb|350px|Adrianne's video, "The Impact of Wikipedia"]]
Wadewitz made her first edit on Wikipedia in 2004,<ref name=corriere>{{cite web|url=http://seigradi.corriere.it/2014/04/21/addio-ad-adrianne-wadewitz-paladina-delle-donne-su-wikipedia/|title=Addio ad Adrianne Wadewitz, paladina delle donne su Wikipedia|author=Marta Serafini|publisher=Corriere della Sera|date=21 April 2014|accessdate=27 April 2014}}</ref> and went on to create articles on female writers and scholars, several of them becoming [[Wikipedia:Featured articles|featured articles]]. She originally edited anonymously for several years before revealing her gender.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/wikipedian-editor-took-wikipedias-gender-gap/ | title=‘Wikipedian’ editor took on website’s gender gap | work=[[PBS NewsHour]] | date=18 May 2014 | accessdate=21 May 2014 | author=Wholf, Tracy}}</ref> She made nearly 50,000 edits in all.<ref name=nyt />

As a major promoter of getting more women to edit Wikipedia to help end [[systematic bias]], she said, "We need more female editors, more feminists (who can be editors of any gender), and more editors willing to work on content related to women. The single most underrepresented group on Wikipedia is married women of color with children."<ref name="college">{{cite web |url=http://college.usatoday.com/2014/03/26/universities-re-write-wikipedia-to-fill-holes-include-women/ |title=Universities 're-write' Wikipedia to fill holes, include women |work=[[USA Today]] |date=26 March 2014 |accessdate=20 April 2014 |author=Mehrotra, Karishma}}</ref>

She increasingly became seen as an authority on Wikipedia, and particularly on the encyclopedia's gender issues, and was cited as such by organizations such as the BBC.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26828726 |title=How can Wikipedia woo women editors? |first=Lynsea |last=Garrison |date=April 7, 2014 |accessdate=April 21, 2014 |publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref>

Wadewitz also served on the board of the [[Wikipedia:Wiki Education Foundation|Wiki Education Foundation]], whose Board Chair and Executive Director noted that "her impact on work promoting Wikipedia as a teaching tool can be seen throughout the Education Program."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wiki_Education_Foundation/Adrianne |title=Wikipedia:Wiki Education Foundation/Adrianne |first1=Diana |last1=Strassmann |first2= Frank |last2=Schulenberg|date=April 10, 2014 |accessdate=April 23, 2014 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref>

==Climbing ==
Wadewitz enjoyed [[rock climbing]], which she described as enabling "a new narrative about herself beyond that of a bookish, piano-playing Wikipedia contributor."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/19/business/media/adrianne-wadewitz-37-wikipedia-editor-dies-after-rock-climbing-fall.html |title=Adrianne Wadewitz, 37, Wikipedia Editor, Dies After Rock Climbing Fall |last1=Cohen |first1=Noam |date=2014-04-18 |work=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=2014-04-18}} See {{citation|url=https://www.hastac.org/blogs/wadewitz/2013/08/12/what-i-learned-worst-student-class |last=Wadewitz |first=Adrianne |chapter=What I learned as the worst student in the class |title= HASTAC |date= August 12, 2013}}.</ref>

== Death ==
[[File:Media tribute to Adrianne Wadewitz, Occidental College.jpg|thumb|180px|A digital media tribute to Adrianne Wadewitz at Occidental College]]

On April 8, 2014, she died from head injuries sustained a week earlier in a rock climbing fall at [[Joshua Tree National Park]], while [[rappel]]ing the Cathouse formation in the Lost Horse area.<ref name=Albrinck>{{cite news|last=Albrinck|first=Jennie|title=Busy Weekend for Search and Rescue at Joshua Tree National Park|url=http://www.nps.gov/jotr/parknews/busy-weekend-for-search-and-rescue-at-joshua-tree-national-park.htm|accessdate=24 April 2014|newspaper=Joshua Tree National Park|date=1 April 2014}}</ref><ref name=desertsun>{{cite news|url=http://www.desertsun.com/story/news/local/2014/04/18/wikipedia-editor-dies-palm-springs-following-fall-joshua-tree-national-park/7890685/|title=Wikipedia editor Adrianne Wadewitz dies in Palm Springs|last1=Newkirk|first1=Barrett|date=2014-04-18|work=[[The Desert Sun]]|accessdate=2014-04-18}}</ref> [[Sue Gardner]], the executive director of the [[Wikimedia Foundation]], described Wadewitz's death as a "huge loss" and said she may have been Wikipedia's "single biggest contributor on ... female authors [and] women's history".<ref name=nyt /> Obituaries for her were published in the ''[[New York Times]]'',<ref name=nyt /> the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'',<ref name=LATimesObit /> the ''[[Washington Post]]'',<ref name="Washington Post">{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/adrianne-wadewitz-wikipedia-contributor-dies-at-37/2014/04/25/42ceecd8-cc95-11e3-a75e-463587891b57_story.html|title= Adrianne Wadewitz, Wikipedia contributor, dies at 37|last=Elaine Woo|publisher=Washington Post|accessdate=30 April 2014}} (republication of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' article)</ref> the ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]'',<ref name="smh">{{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/comment/obituaries/adrianne-wadewitz-a-persnickety-factobsessed-wikipedia-editor-20140425-zqzdi.html|title=Adrianne Wadewitz: A persnickety, fact-obsessed Wikipedia editor|last=Cohen|first=Noam |date=April 25, 2014|publisher=Sydney Morning Herald|accessdate=29 April 2014|location=Sydney}} (reprint of the ''[[New York Times]]'' obituary)</ref> and ''[[Corriere della Sera]]'',<ref name=corriere /> amongst others.<ref>E.g. "[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/fortwayne/obituary.aspx?n=adrianne-wadewitz&pid=170755315 Dr. Adrianne Wadiwitz]" Fort Wayne, Indiana Newspapers, April 23, 2014.</ref><ref name=BostonGlobe>{{cite news|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|title=Adrianne Wadewitz: Seizing the power of Wikipedia|date=May 3, 2014|accessdate=May 3, 2014|url=http://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/editorials/2014/05/03/adrianne-wadewitz-seizing-power-wikipedia/j5LtDtmbbr8LDSzuread2I/story.html|author=[[Editorial]]}}</ref> The ''Sydney Morning Herald'' also republished one of her last blog posts, in which she discussed how engaging with a difficult activity had taught her about helping students with their own difficulties, partly by teaching them to celebrate the little successes on the way to a goal. She wrote that, "Ultimately, nothing was more helpful for me than failing repeatedly" and that she wanted her students to realize that failures could be part of learning and were nothing to be ashamed of.<ref name="smhblogpostrepublish">{{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/world/how-adrianne-wadewitz-learnt-to-embrace-failure-20140425-zqzgx.html|title=How Adrianne Wadewitz learnt to embrace failure|last=Wadewitz|first= Adrianne |date=April 25, 2014|publisher=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|accessdate=30 April 2014|location=Sydney}}</ref>

==Works==
* With Pamela Gay-White. "[http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/lion_and_the_unicorn/toc/uni.33.2.html Introduction: 'Performing the Didactic']". ''The Lion and the Unicorn'' 33.2 (2009): v-vii.
* With Pamela Gay-White (eds.) ''[[The Lion and the Unicorn (journal)|The Lion and the Unicorn]]'', special issue on [[didacticism]] in 18th-century children's literature. 2009.<ref>Pamela Gay-White and Adrianne Wadewitz. [http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/lion_and_the_unicorn/toc/uni.33.2.html "Introduction: "Performing the Didactic"]." The Lion and the Unicorn 33.2 (2009): v-vii. Project MUSE. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.</ref>
* {{citation|last= Wadewitz |first= Adrianne |year= 2011 |url= http://search.proquest.com/docview/884792113 |title='Spare the Sympathy, Spoil the Child:' Sensibility, Selfhood, and the Maturing Reader, 1775-1815 | publisher= ProQuest Dissertations and Theses |place= Ann Arbor, MI}}. Order Number 3466388. Indiana University. (Doctoral dissertation)
* With Anne Ellen Geller and Jon Beasley-Murray. "Wiki-hacking: Opening up the Academy with Wikipedia", ''Hacking the Academy''. In Tom Scheinfeldt and Daniel J. Cohen (eds.).{{citation |title = Hacking the Academy: New Approaches to Scholarship and Teaching from Digital Humanities |publisher = University of Michigan Press | place=Ann Arbor, MI |year=2013 |url = http://hackingtheacademy.org/lectures-classrooms-and-the-curriculum/ }}
* With Mica Hilson. "A Doctor for Who(m)?: Queer Temporalities and the Sexualized Child", ''[[Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature]]'' 52.1 (January 2014): pp. 63–76 <ref>{{citation |last1=Wadewitz |first1=Adrianne |last2=Hilson |first2=Mica |title= A Doctor for Who(m)?: Queer Temporalities and the Sexualized Child. |url=http://muse.jhu.edu/ |journal = Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature |volume=52 |issue=1 |year =2014 |pages=63–76 }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
{{sisterlinks|d=Q16438247|commons=category:Adrianne Wadewitz|s=Author:Adrianne Wadewitz|wikt=no|q=Adrianne Wadewitz|n=Wikimedian activist Adrianne Wadewitz dies|b=no|species=no|m=no|mw=no|voy=no|v=no}}
* [https://www.hastac.org/blogs/wadewitz Wadewitz's blog] on the [[HASTAC|Humanities, Arts, Science and Technology Alliance and Collaboratory]] website
* Alex Juhasz and Anne Balsamo, [http://femtechnet.newschool.edu/blog/adrianne-wadewitz/ Tribute to Adrianne Wadewitz], [[The New School]], FemTechNet blog, April 10, 2014.
*"[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/fortwayne/obituary.aspx?n=adrianne-wadewitz&pid=170755315 Dr. Adrianne Wadewitz]" Fort Wayne, Indiana Newspapers, April 23, 2014.
*"[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2014-04-09/Special report|Community mourns passing of Adrianne Wadewitz]]", ''The Signpost'', April 9, 2014.
* [https://sites.google.com/site/wadewitz/ Wadewitz] Google Website.
* {{cite news|url=http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/wikipedian-editor-took-wikipedias-gender-gap/|title='Wikipedian' editor took on website’s gender gap|date=May 18, 2014 |work=[[PBS NewsHour]]|publisher=[[PBS]]|accessdate=May 19, 2014|first=Tracy|last=Wholf}}

{{Authority control}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Wadewitz, Adrianne
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = American feminist scholar and Wikipedia editor
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1977-01-06
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Omaha, Nebraska
| DATE OF DEATH = 2014-04-08
| PLACE OF DEATH = Palm Springs, California
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wadewitz, Adrianne}}
[[Category:1977 births]]
[[Category:2014 deaths]]
[[Category:Accidental deaths in California]]
[[Category:American academics]]
[[Category:American bloggers]]
[[Category:American feminists]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:Indiana University alumni]]
[[Category:Mountaineering deaths]]
[[Category:Occidental College faculty]]
[[Category:People from Omaha, Nebraska]]
[[Category:Wikipedia people]]

Adrianne Wadewitz

2014-04-30T01:06:21Z

Supernerd11: /* Death */ Fixing a typo; Adding tidbit about controversy surrounding her article (edited with ProveIt)

{{Infobox person
| name = Adrianne Wadewitz
| image = Wikimania 2012 portrait 102 by ragesoss, 2012-07-13.JPG
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1977|01|06}}
| birth_place = [[Omaha, Nebraska]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2014|04|08|1977|01|06}}
| death_place =
| nationality = United States
| other_names =
| occupation = Academic
| known_for =
}}
[[File:Editing Wikipedia brochure EN.pdf|thumb|180px|''Editing Wikipedia'' featuring Wadewitz as the face of Wikipedia]]
[[File:Media tribute to Adrianne Wadewitz, Occidental College.jpg|thumb|180px|A digital media tribute to Adrianne Wadewitz at Occidental College]]
'''Adrianne Wadewitz''' (January 6, 1977 – April 8, 2014) was an American feminist scholar of 18th-century British literature, a noted [[Wikipedian]], and commenter upon (particularly) gender issues in [[Wikipedia]].

== Biography ==
Adrianne Wadewitz was born on January 6, 1977, in [[Omaha, Nebraska]] to Betty M., a nurse and attorney and Nathan R. Wadewitz, a [[Lutheran]] pastor.<ref name=LATimesObit>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/obituaries/la-me-adrianne-wadewitz-20140424,0,1077455.story|title=Adrianne Wadewitz dies at 37; helped diversify Wikipedia | date= April 23, 2014 | author=Elaine Woo | newspaper= [[Los Angeles Times]] }}</ref> She graduated from [[North Platte High School (Nebraska)|North Platte High School]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.omaha.com/article/20140423/NEWS/140429478/1707 | title=North Platte grad, 37, Wikipedia editor, dies in climbing fall | work=[[Omaha World Herald]] | date=April 23, 2014 | agency=World-Herald News Service | accessdate=27 April 2014 | author=Wetzel, Diane}}</ref> Wadewitz studied [[English literature]] and received a degree in English from [[Columbia University]] in 1999.<ref name=nyt>{{cite web |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/19/business/media/adrianne-wadewitz-37-wikipedia-editor-dies-after-rock-climbing-fall.html |title=Adrianne Wadewitz, 37, Wikipedia Editor, Dies After Rock Climbing Fall |last1=Cohen |first1=Noam |date=2014-04-18 |work=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=2014-04-18}}</ref> In 2011 she obtained a [[Ph.D.]] from [[Indiana University]] and became a [[postdoctoral fellow]] at the Center for Digital Learning and Research at [[Occidental College]]. She was chosen as a Mellon Digital Scholarship Postdoctoral Fellow and a HASTAC scholar.<ref name=HASTAC>{{cite web |last=Davidson |first=Cathy |title=Remembering Adrianne Wadewitz: Scholar, Communicator, Teacher, Leader |url=https://www.hastac.org/blogs/cathy-davidson/2014/04/10/remembering-adrianne-wadewitz-scholar-communicator-teacher-leader |publisher=HASTAC |accessdate=23 April 2014}}</ref>

==Academic career==
===Education===
Wadewitz received her [[Master's degree|masters]] and [[Doctor of Philosophy|doctoral]] degrees in British literature with a minor in 18th-century studies from [[Indiana University]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://oxy.academia.edu/AdrianneWadewitz/CurriculumVitae |title=Curriculum Vitae of Adrianne Wadewitz |work =Academia.edu |accessdate=23 April 2014}}</ref> Prior to pursuing her doctorate, she graduated [[magna cum laude]] from [[Columbia University]].

While in graduate school, she completed both a [[master's thesis]], "'Doubting Thomas': The Failure of Religious Appropriation in The Age of Reason" (2003),<ref>{{cite web |last = Wadewitz | first = Adrianne |title = 'Doubting Thomas': The Failure of Religious Appropriation in The Age of Reason |url = http://iucat.iu.edu/catalog/6033513 |publisher = Indiana University |accessdate=23 April 2014}}</ref> as well as her [[doctoral dissertation]], '''Spare the Sympathy, Spoil the Child:' Sensibility, Selfhood, and the Maturing Reader, 1775–1815'' (2011).<ref>{{citation|last= Wadewitz |first= Adrianne |year= 2011 |url= http://search.proquest.com/docview/884792113 |title='Spare the Sympathy, Spoil the Child:' Sensibility, Selfhood, and the Maturing Reader, 1775-1815 | publisher= ProQuest Dissertations and Theses |place= Ann Arbor, MI}}. Order Number 3466388. Indiana University.</ref> The latter combined her research interests in archival work, children's literature, and gender studies. It argued that the kinds of subjectivity displayed in late eighteenth-century children's literature challenged "the dominant Lockean model" by drawing upon "Rousseau's theory of education and the discourse of sensibility to construct a 'sympathetic self.' [...] Significantly, this 'sympathetic self' was available to both sexes and to children. Unlike other versions of the self based on sensibility, it was not predicated upon femininity. Moreover, maturation did not depend on age, but rather on one's state of mind; any person educated through this sympathetic literature could be an adult and participate in civic society through, for example, charitable acts."<ref>Wadewitz (2011), p. vi</ref> Moreover, through its analysis of "how childhood reading informed the reading of 'adult' novels by Jane Austen," it argued that "contemporary readers of Austen would have read her novels 'didactically' and followed the structural patterns of the children's literature they grew up reading rather than seeing the irony we value today."<ref>Wadewitz (2011), p. vii</ref>

=== Doctoral dissertation ===
* {{citation|last= Wadewitz |first= Adrianne |year= 2011 |url= http://search.proquest.com/docview/884792113 |title='Spare the Sympathy, Spoil the Child:' Sensibility, Selfhood, and the Maturing Reader, 1775-1815 | publisher= ProQuest Dissertations and Theses |place= Ann Arbor, MI}}. Order Number 3466388. Indiana University.

===Publications===
In 2009, she was a co-editor with Pamela Gay-White for a special issue on [[didacticism]] in eighteenth-century children's literature in the academic journal, [[The Lion and the Unicorn (journal)|''The Lion and the Unicorn'']].<ref>Pamela Gay-White and Adrianne Wadewitz. [http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/lion_and_the_unicorn/toc/uni.33.2.html "Introduction: "Performing the Didactic"]." The Lion and the Unicorn 33.2 (2009): v-vii. Project MUSE. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.</ref>

Her publications include:
* "A Doctor for Who(m)?: Queer Temporalities and the Sexualized Child," with Mica Hilson. ''[[Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature]]'' 52. 1 (January 2014): pp. 63–76 <ref>{{citation |last=Wadewitz |first=Adrianne and Mica Hilson |title= A Doctor for Who(m)?: Queer Temporalities and the Sexualized Child. |url=http://muse.jhu.edu/ |publisher= ''Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature'' 52.1 (2014): 63-76. }}</ref>
* "Wiki-hacking: Opening up the Academy with Wikipedia," with Anne Ellen Geller and Jon Beasley-Murray. ''Hacking the Academy''. Eds. Tom Scheinfeldt and Dan Cohen. [[University of Michigan Press]] (2011).<ref>{{citation |last = Scheinfeldt | first = Tom and Dan Cohen | title = Hacking the Academy |publisher = Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media, George Mason University | url = http://hackingtheacademy.org/lectures-classrooms-and-the-curriculum/ | accessdate=23 April 2014}}</ref>
* "Introduction: 'Performing the Didactic," with Pamela Gay-White. ''The Lion and the Unicorn'' 33.2 (2009): v-vii.<ref>Pamela Gay-White. and Adrianne Wadewitz. [http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/lion_and_the_unicorn/toc/uni.33.2.html "Introduction: "Performing the Didactic"]." The Lion and the Unicorn 33.2 (2009): v-vii. Project MUSE. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.</ref>

=== Digital humanities===
In 2009, Wadewitz began putting ''[[The New England Primer]]'' online, culminating in a permanent online exhibit in 2012, with text and annotated transcriptions.<ref>[http://cdlrsandbox.org/neprimer/index.html New England Primer] exhibit and analysis, 2012. Retrieved April 21, 2014.</ref>

She published on topics including 18th-century children's literature, ambiguity in historical scholarship, and use of Wikipedia in the classroom.<ref name=works>[http://works.bepress.com/adrianne_wadewitz/doctype.html Selected Works of Adrienne Wadewitz], [http://scholar.oxy.edu/ OxyScholar Digital Repository], Occidental College. Retrieved April 21, 2014.</ref>

In her doctoral dissertation, '''Spare the Sympathy, Spoil the Child:' Sensibility, Selfhood, and the Maturing Reader, 1775–1815'' (2011), Wadewitz studied the use of language and discursive strategies such as embedded narratives in children's books by [[Mary Wollstonecraft]], [[Anna Laetitia Barbauld]], [[Charlotte Turner Smith|Charlotte Smith]], [[Maria Edgeworth]], and others. She argued that through such reading, the child was supported in the construction of a "sympathetic self" that was "collective, benevolent, and imaginative."<ref>{{citation|last= Wadewitz |first= Adrianne |year= 2011 |url= http://search.proquest.com/docview/884792113 |title='Spare the Sympathy, Spoil the Child:' Sensibility, Selfhood, and the Maturing Reader, 1775-1815 |page= vi| publisher= ProQuest Dissertations and Theses |place= Ann Arbor, MI}}. Order Number 3466388. Indiana University.</ref>

Writing about the use of Wikipedia in education, she argued that in addition to traditional writing and research skills, students should develop skills in media and technological literacy. Reflecting on the construction of knowledge, she emphasized the need to assess sources; distinguish between fact-based and persuasive writing; and be aware of authority and legitimacy. She promoted the development of curricula that included collaborative writing, development of writing skills in the context of a “community of practice”, and writing for a global readership.{{citation needed|date=April 2014}}

==Wikipedia editing and advocacy==
[[File:The Impact of Wikipedia Adrianne Wadewitz.webm|thumb|350px|Adrianne's video "The Impact of Wikipedia".]]
Wadewitz made her first edit on Wikipedia in 2004,<ref name=corriere>{{cite web|url=http://seigradi.corriere.it/2014/04/21/addio-ad-adrianne-wadewitz-paladina-delle-donne-su-wikipedia/|title=Addio ad Adrianne Wadewitz, paladina delle donne su Wikipedia|author=Marta Serafini|publisher=Corriere della Sera|date=21 April 2014|accessdate=27 April 2014}}</ref> and went on to create articles on female writers and scholars, several of them becoming [[Wikipedia:Featured articles|featured articles]]. She made nearly 50,000 edits in all.<ref name=nyt />

As a major promoter of getting more women to edit Wikipedia to help end [[systematic bias]], she said, "We need more female editors, more feminists (who can be editors of any gender), and more editors willing to work on content related to women. The single most underrepresented group on Wikipedia is married women of color with children."<ref name="college">{{cite web |url=http://college.usatoday.com/2014/03/26/universities-re-write-wikipedia-to-fill-holes-include-women/ |title=Universities 're-write' Wikipedia to fill holes, include women |work=[[USA Today]] |date=26 March 2014 |accessdate=20 April 2014 |author=Mehrotra, Karishma}}</ref>

She increasingly became seen as an authority on Wikipedia, and particularly on the encyclopedia's gender issues, and was cited as such by organizations such as the BBC.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26828726 |title=How can Wikipedia woo women editors? |first=Lynsea |last=Garrison |date=April 7, 2014 |accessdate=April 21, 2014 |publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref>

Wadewitz also served on the board of the [[Wiki Education Foundation]], whose Board Chair and Executive Director noted that "her impact on work promoting Wikipedia as a teaching tool can be seen throughout the Education Program."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wiki_Education_Foundation/Adrianne |title=Wikipedia:Wiki Education Foundation/Adrianne |first1=Diana |last1=Strassmann |first2= Frank |last2=Schulenberg|date=April 10, 2014 |accessdate=April 23, 2014 |publisher=Wikimedia Foundation}}</ref>

==Climbing ==
Wadewitz enjoyed [[rock climbing]], which she described as enabling "a new narrative about herself beyond that of a bookish, piano-playing Wikipedia contributor."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/19/business/media/adrianne-wadewitz-37-wikipedia-editor-dies-after-rock-climbing-fall.html |title=Adrianne Wadewitz, 37, Wikipedia Editor, Dies After Rock Climbing Fall |last1=Cohen |first1=Noam |date=2014-04-18 |work=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=2014-04-18}} See {{citation|url=https://www.hastac.org/blogs/wadewitz/2013/08/12/what-i-learned-worst-student-class |last=Wadewitz |first=Adrianne |chapter=What I learned as the worst student in the class |title= HASTAC |date= August 12, 2013}}.</ref>

== Death ==
On April 8, 2014, she died from head injuries sustained a week earlier in a rock climbing fall at [[Joshua Tree National Park]], while [[rappel]]ing the ''Cathouse'' formation in the ''Lost Horse'' area.<ref name=Albrinck>{{cite news|last=Albrinck|first=Jennie|title=Busy Weekend for Search and Rescue at Joshua Tree National Park|url=http://www.nps.gov/jotr/parknews/busy-weekend-for-search-and-rescue-at-joshua-tree-national-park.htm|accessdate=24 April 2014|newspaper=Joshua Tree National Park|date=1 April 2014}}</ref><ref name=desertsun>{{cite news|url=http://www.desertsun.com/story/news/local/2014/04/18/wikipedia-editor-dies-palm-springs-following-fall-joshua-tree-national-park/7890685/|title=Wikipedia editor Adrianne Wadewitz dies in Palm Springs|last1=Newkirk|first1=Barrett|date=2014-04-18|work=[[The Desert Sun]]|accessdate=2014-04-18}}</ref> [[Sue Gardner]], the executive director of the [[Wikimedia Foundation]], described Wadewitz's death as a "huge loss" and said she may have been Wikipedia's "single biggest contributor on ... female authors [and] women's history".<ref name=nyt /> Obituaries for her were published in the ''[[New York Times]]'',<ref name=nyt /> the ''[[Los Angeles Post]]'',<ref name=LATimesObit /> the ''[[Washington Post]]'',<ref name="Washington Post">{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/adrianne-wadewitz-wikipedia-contributor-dies-at-37/2014/04/25/42ceecd8-cc95-11e3-a75e-463587891b57_story.html|title= Adrianne Wadewitz, Wikipedia contributor, dies at 37|last=[Elaine Woo] |publisher=Washington Post|accessdate=30 April 2014}} (republication of the ''[[Los Angeles Post]]'' article.</ref> the ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]'',<ref name="smh">{{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/comment/obituaries/adrianne-wadewitz-a-persnickety-factobsessed-wikipedia-editor-20140425-zqzdi.html|title=Adrianne Wadewitz: A persnickety, fact-obsessed Wikipedia editor|last=Cohen|first=Noam |date=April 25, 2014|publisher=Sydney Morning Herald|accessdate=29 April 2014|location=Sydney}} (reprint of the ''New York Times'' obituary, as stated at the bottom.</ref> ''[[Corriere della Sera]]'',<ref name=corriere /> amongst others.<ref>E.g. "[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/fortwayne/obituary.aspx?n=adrianne-wadewitz&pid=170755315 Dr. Adrianne Wadiwitz]" Fort Wayne, Indiana Newspapers, April 23, 2014.</ref> The ''Sydney Morning Herald'' also chose to republish her last blog post, in which she discussed how engaging with a difficult activity had taught her about helping her students with their own difficulties, and expressed her desire to teach her students to celebrate the little successes on the ways to a goal. She said that, "Ultimately, nothing was more helpful for me than failing repeatedly" and that she wanted her students to realize that failures could be part of learning, and were nothing to be ashamed of.<ref name="smhblogpostrepublish">{{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/world/how-adrianne-wadewitz-learnt-to-embrace-failure-20140425-zqzgx.html|title=How Adrianne Wadewitz learnt to embrace failure|last=Wadewitz|first= Adrianne |date=April 25, 2014|publisher=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|accessdate=30 April 2014|location=Sydney}}</ref> Following her death, an article was written about her and subsequently [[WP:AFD|nominated for deletion]]. The debate became so long and heated that it began to be noticed by outside observers in a way similar to the [[Wikipedia Seigenthaler biography incident]].<ref name="wikipedian">{{cite web | url=http://thewikipedian.net/2014/04/22/wikipedia-self-referentia-adrianne-wadewitz/ | title=Wikipedia’s Struggle with Self-Reference Amid the Passing of One of Its Own | date=April 22, 2014 | accessdate=April 29, 2014 | author=Beutler, William}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
{{sisterlinks|d=Q16438247|commons=category:Adrianne Wadewitz|s=Author:Adrianne Wadewitz|wikt=no|q=Adrianne Wadewitz|n=Wikimedian activist Adrianne Wadewitz dies|b=no|species=no|m=no|mw=no|voy=no|v=no}}
* [https://www.hastac.org/blogs/wadewitz Wadewitz's blog] on the [[HASTAC|Humanities, Arts, Science and Technology Alliance and Collaboratory]] website
* Alex Juhasz and Anne Balsamo, [http://femtechnet.newschool.edu/blog/adrianne-wadewitz/ Tribute to Adrianne Wadewitz], [[The New School]], FemTechNet blog, April 10, 2014.
*"[http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/fortwayne/obituary.aspx?n=adrianne-wadewitz&pid=170755315 Dr. Adrianne Wadiwitz]" Fort Wayne, Indiana Newspapers, April 23, 2014.
*"[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2014-04-09/Special report|Community mourns passing of Adrianne Wadewitz]]", ''The Signpost'', April 9, 2014.
* [https://sites.google.com/site/wadewitz/ Wadewitz] Google Website.

{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata
| NAME = Wadewitz, Adrianne
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = American feminist scholar and Wikipedia editor
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1977-01-06
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Omaha, Nebraska
| DATE OF DEATH = 2014-04-08
| PLACE OF DEATH = Palm Springs, California
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wadewitz, Adrianne}}
[[Category:1977 births]]
[[Category:2014 deaths]]
[[Category:Wikipedia people]]
[[Category:American feminists]]
[[Category:American academics]]
[[Category:Accidental deaths in California]]
[[Category:People from Omaha, Nebraska]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:Occidental College alumni]]
[[Category:Indiana University alumni]]
[[Category:American bloggers]]
[[Category:Mountaineering deaths]]

Adrianne Wadewitz

2014-04-21T15:36:38Z

Supernerd11: Cleanup

{{Article for deletion/dated|page=Adrianne Wadewitz|timestamp=20140419020940|year=2014|month=April|day=19|substed=yes|help=off}}


[[File:Adrianne Wadewitz-6727.jpg|thumb|Adrianne Wadewitz]]
[[File:Editing Wikipedia brochure EN.pdf|thumb|170px|''Editing Wikipedia'' featuring Wadewitz as the face of Wikipedia]]
[[File:Media tribute to Adrianne Wadewitz, Occidental College.jpg|thumbnail|A digital media tribute to Adrianne Wadewitz at Occidental College]]
'''Adrianne Wadewitz''' (January 6, 1977 – April 8, 2014) was an American scholar of 18th-century British literature, a noted Wikipedian and commenter upon (particularly) gender issues in Wikipedia.

== Biography ==
Adrianne Wadewitz was born on January 6, 1977, in [[Omaha, Nebraska]]. She studied [[English literature]] and received a degree in English from [[Columbia University]] in 1999.<ref name=nyt>{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/19/business/media/adrianne-wadewitz-37-wikipedia-editor-dies-after-rock-climbing-fall.html|title=Adrianne Wadewitz, 37, Wikipedia Editor, Dies After Rock Climbing Fall|last1=Cohen|first1=Noam|date=2014-04-18|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=2014-04-18}}</ref> She made her first edit on Wikipedia in 2004 and went on to create articles on female writers and scholars, several of them becoming [[Wikipedia:Featured articles|featured articles]]. She made nearly 50,000 edits in all.<ref name=nyt /> As a major promoter of getting more women to edit Wikipedia to help end [[systematic bias]], she said, "We need more female editors, more feminists (who can be editors of any gender), and more editors willing to work on content related to women. The single most underrepresented group on Wikipedia is married women of color with children."<ref name="college">{{cite web | url=http://college.usatoday.com/2014/03/26/universities-re-write-wikipedia-to-fill-holes-include-women/ | title=Universities 're-write' Wikipedia to fill holes, include women|work=USA Today | date=26 March 2014 | accessdate=20 April 2014 | author=Mehrotra, Karishma}}</ref>

In 2011, she earned a Ph.D. from [[Indiana University]] and became a postdoctoral fellow at the Center for Digital Learning and Research at [[Occidental College]]. She enjoyed her new hobby, [[rock climbing]], for the last two years of her life and described it as "a new narrative about herself beyond that of a bookish, piano-playing Wikipedia contributor."<ref name=nyt />

On April 8, 2014, Wadewitz died from head injuries sustained a week earlier in a rock climbing fall at [[Joshua Tree National Park]]. The accident happened while [[rappel|rappeling]] the ''Cathouse'' formation in the ''Lost Horse'' area. A [[Traditional climbing|traditional]] rappel [[Anchor (climbing)|anchor]] was built at the top of the formation using three pieces of [[Climbing protection|gear]]. Wadewitz started to rappel down when one of the three anchor pieces pulled out. She stopped on a ledge while her partner, who was still on top of the cliff, repaired the anchor. After Wadewitz started to rappel again, all three pieces pulled out and she fell 15-20 feet, suffering fatal hear injuries. <ref name=supertopo>{{cite web|title=Recent Climber Death in JTree?|url=http://www.supertopo.com/climbers-forum/2384845/Recent-Climber-Death-in-JTree|publisher=supertopo.com|accessdate=21 April 2014}}</ref><ref name=mountainproject>{{cite web|title=Adrianne Wadewitz, 37, Wikipedia Editor, Dies After Rock Climbing Fall|url=http://www.mountainproject.com/v/adrianne-wadewitz-37-wikipedia-editor-dies-after-rock-climbing-fall/108872020|publisher=mountainproject.com|accessdate=21 April 2014}}</ref>

Wadewitz death, and her work on Wikipedia, received coverage from news outlets such as the ''[[New York Times]]''<ref name=nyt /> and ''[[The Desert Sun]]''.<ref name=desertsun>{{cite web|url=http://www.desertsun.com/story/news/local/2014/04/18/wikipedia-editor-dies-palm-springs-following-fall-joshua-tree-national-park/7890685/|title=Wikipedia editor Adrianne Wadewitz dies in Palm Springs|last1=Newkirk|first1=Barrett|date=2014-04-18|work=[[The Desert Sun]]|accessdate=2014-04-18}}</ref> [[Sue Gardner]], the Executive Director of the [[Wikimedia Foundation]], described Wadewitz's death as a "huge loss" and said she may have been Wikipedia's "single biggest contributor on ... female authors [and] women's history".<ref name=nyt />

== Doctoral dissertation ==

* {{cite web|url=http://works.bepress.com/adrianne_wadewitz/2/ |title='Spare the Sympathy, Spoil the Child:' Sensibility, Selfhood, and the Maturing Reader, 1775–1815 |last=Wadewitz |first=Adrianne|year=2011 |accessdate=20 April 2014}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|Adrianne Wadewitz}}
{{Wikisource author|Adrianne Wadewitz}}
*[https://www.hastac.org/blogs/wadewitz Wadewitz's blog] on the [[HASTAC|Humanities, Arts, Science and Technology Alliance and Collaboratory]] website
*{{Twitter|wadewitz}}
* Alex Juhasz and Anne Balsamo, [http://femtechnet.newschool.edu/blog/adrianne-wadewitz/ Tribute to Adrianne Wadewitz], [[The New School]], FemTechNet blog, April 10, 2014.

{{Authority control}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Wadewitz, Adrianne
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = American feminist scholar and Wikipedia editor
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1977-01-06
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 2014-04-08
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wadewitz, Adrianne}}
[[Category:1977 births]]
[[Category:2014 deaths]]
[[Category:Wikipedia people]]
[[Category:American feminists]]
[[Category:American academics]]
[[Category:Accidental deaths in the United States]]
[[Category:People from Omaha, Nebraska]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:Occidental College alumni]]
[[Category:Indiana University alumni]]
[[Category:American bloggers]]

Adrianne Wadewitz

2014-04-20T20:38:57Z

Supernerd11: Adding a quote; broke paragraph into two more focused ones (edited with ProveIt)

{{Article for deletion/dated|page=Adrianne Wadewitz|timestamp=20140419020940|year=2014|month=April|day=19|substed=yes|help=off}}


[[File:Adrianne Wadewitz-6727.jpg|thumb|Adrianne Wadewitz]]
[[File:Editing Wikipedia brochure EN.pdf|thumb|170px|''Editing Wikipedia'' featuring Wadewitz as the face of Wikipedia]]
[[File:Media tribute to Adrianne Wadewitz, Occidental College.jpg|thumbnail|A digital media tribute to Adrianne Wadewitz at Occidental College.]]
'''Adrianne Wadewitz''' (January 6, 1977 - April 8, 2014) was an American scholar of 18th-century British literature and a rare figure in the [[Wikipedia community]].<ref name=jezebelshrayber>{{cite web|url=http://jezebel.com/saturday-night-social-the-night-belongs-to-adrianne-wa-1565155694|title=Saturday Night Social: The Night Belongs to Adrianne Wadewitz|date=2014-04-19|author=Mark Shrayber|publisher=Jezebel.com}}</ref><ref name=yahoo>{{cite web|url=http://shine.yahoo.com/healthy-living/adrianne-wadewitz-died-rock-climbing-200336364.html|title=Remembering Adrianne Wadewitz, Beloved Wikipedia Wiz|last1=Solé|first1=Elise|date=2014-04-18|website=[[Yahoo!|Yahoo.com]]|publisher=Yahoo! Inc|accessdate=2014-04-18}}</ref>

== Biography ==
Adrianne Wadewitz was born on January 6, 1977 in [[Omaha, Nebraska]]. She studied [[English literature]] and received a degree in English from [[Columbia University]] in 1999.<ref name=nyt>{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/19/business/media/adrianne-wadewitz-37-wikipedia-editor-dies-after-rock-climbing-fall.html|title=Adrianne Wadewitz, 37, Wikipedia Editor, Dies After Rock Climbing Fall|last1=Cohen|first1=Noam|date=2014-04-18|website=NYTimes.com|publisher=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=2014-04-18}}</ref> She made her first edit on Wikipedia in 2004 and went on to create articles on female writers and scholars, several of them becoming [[Wikipedia:Featured articles|featured articles]]. She made nearly 50,000 edits in all.<ref name=yahoo /><ref name=nyt /> As a major promoter of getting more women to edit Wikipedia to help end [[systematic bias]], she said, “We need more female editors, more feminists (who can be editors of any gender), and more editors willing to work on content related to women. The single most underrepresented group on Wikipedia is married women of color with children.”<ref name="college">{{cite web | url=http://college.usatoday.com/2014/03/26/universities-re-write-wikipedia-to-fill-holes-include-women/ | title=Universities 're-write' Wikipedia to fill holes, include women | date=26 March 2014 | accessdate=20 April 2014 | author=Mehrotra,Karishma}}</ref>

In 2011, she earned a Ph.D. from [[Indiana University]] and became a postdoctoral fellow at the Center for Digital Learning and Research at [[Occidental College]]. She enjoyed her new hobby, [[rock climbing]], for the last two years of her life and described it as “a new narrative about herself beyond that of a bookish, piano-playing Wikipedia contributor.”<ref name=nyt />

On April 8, 2014, Wadewitz died from head injuries sustained a week earlier in a rock climbing fall at [[Joshua Tree National Park]]. Her death, and her work on Wikipedia, received coverage from news outlets such as the [[New York Times]]<ref name=nyt /> and [[The Desert Sun]].<ref name=desertsun>{{cite web|url=http://www.desertsun.com/story/news/local/2014/04/18/wikipedia-editor-dies-palm-springs-following-fall-joshua-tree-national-park/7890685/|title=Wikipedia editor Adrianne Wadewitz dies in Palm Springs|last1=Newkirk|first1=Barrett|date=2014-04-18|website=DesertSun.com|publisher=[[The Desert Sun]]|accessdate=2014-04-18}}</ref> [[Sue Gardner]], the Executive Director of the [[Wikimedia Foundation]], described Wadewitz's death as a "huge loss" and said she may have been Wikipedia's "single biggest contributor on ... female authors [and] women's history".<ref name=nyt />

== Bibliography ==

* {{cite web|url=http://works.bepress.com/adrianne_wadewitz/2/ |title="‘Spare the Sympathy, Spoil the Child:’ Sensibility, Selfhood, and the Maturing Reader, 1775-1815" |last=Wadewitz |first=Adrianne |authormask=2 |year=2011 |accessdate=20 April 2014}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commonscat|Adrianne Wadewitz}}
{{Wikisource author|Adrianne Wadewitz}}
*[[User:Wadewitz|Adrianne Wadewitz's Wikipedia userpage]]
*[https://www.hastac.org/blogs/wadewitz Wadewitz's blog] on the [[HASTAC|Humanities, Arts, Science and Technology Alliance and Collaboratory]] website
*{{Twitter|wadewitz}}

{{Authority control}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Wadewitz, Adrianne
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = American feminist scholar and Wikipedia editor
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1977-01-06
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 2014-04-08
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wadewitz, Adrianne}}
[[Category:1977 births]]
[[Category:2014 deaths]]
[[Category:Wikipedia people]]
[[Category:American feminists]]
[[Category:American academics]]
[[Category:Accidental deaths in the United States]]
[[Category:People from Omaha, Nebraska]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:Occidental College alumni]]