Peabody Institute

2019-10-23T20:48:31Z

Strandvue:

{{short description|Conservatory and university-prep school}}
{{for|the other Peabody Institutes|Peabody Institute (Danvers, Massachusetts)|Peabody Institute Library (Peabody, Massachusetts)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2014}}
{{Refimprove|date=July 2012}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Peabody Institute
| motto =
| established = 1857 / opened 1866<br>1977 / 1985 (became part of [[Johns Hopkins University|JHU]])
| type = [[Private school|Private]] [[Music school|conservatory]]<br>Preparatory school
| parent = [[Johns Hopkins University]]
| affiliation =
| dean = Fred Bronstein, [[Doctor of Musical Arts|DMA]]
| head_label =
| head =
| students =
| campus = [[Urban area|Urban]]/[[Suburb]]an
| city = [[Baltimore]] (main campus)
| state = [[Maryland]]
| country = [[United States|US]]
| free_label = Newspaper
| free = ''[https://peabodyinstitute.wordpress.com/ The Peabody Post]''
| website = {{URL|http://www.peabody.jhu.edu/}}
}}
[[Image:PeabodyInstitute.jpg|thumb|Peabody Institute, East Mount Vernon Place, c. 1902]]
[[File:Peabody Institute2.JPG|thumb|George Peabody Library, (east wing) - built 1878]]

'''The Peabody Institute''' of [[Johns Hopkins University|The Johns Hopkins University]] (JHU) is a [[Music school|music conservatory]] and [[university-preparatory school]] in the [[Mount Vernon, Baltimore|Mount Vernon-Belvedere]] neighborhood of northern [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], [[United States]], facing the landmark [[Washington Monument (Baltimore)|Washington Monument circle]] at the southeast corner of [[Maryland Route 139|North Charles]] and [[Monument Street (Baltimore)|East Monument]] Streets (also known as intersection of [[Mount Vernon Place]] and Washington Place).

The Peabody Institute was founded in 1857 and opened in 1866 by merchant/ financier and [[philanthropist]] [[George Peabody]], (1795–1869), and is the oldest conservatory in the [[United States]].<ref>{{cite news|title=GEORGE PEABODY.; Death of the Great Philanthropist—His Last Hours Passed in London—His Career and Benefactions|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=November 5, 1869|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1869/11/05/archives/george-peabody-death-of-the-great-philanthropisthis-last-hours.html |accessdate=February 18, 2014}}</ref> Its association in recent decades begun in 1977 with JHU allows students to do research across disciplines.<ref>{{cite news|title=Peabody to Affilliate [sic] With Johns Hopkins|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=January 1, 1977|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/01/01/archives/peabody-to-affilliate-with-johns-hopkins.html |accessdate=February 18, 2014}}</ref>

==History==
[[George Peabody]], (1792-1869), founded the Institute with a bequest of about $800,000 from his fortune made initially in [[Massachusetts]] and later augmented in [[Baltimore]], (where he lived/worked from 1815 to 1835) and vastly increased in banking and finance during following residences in [[New York City]] and [[London, England|London]], where he became the wealthiest American of his times.

Completion of the white marble [[Greek Revival architecture|Grecian]]-[[Italianate architecture|Italianate]] west wing / original building housing the Institute, designed by [[Edmund George Lind]], was delayed by the [[American Civil War|Civil War]].
It was dedicated in 1866, with Peabody himself, traveling across the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]], speaking at the ceremonies on the front steps in front of landmark [[Washington Monument (Baltimore)|Washington Monument]] circle before a large audience of notaries and citizens including hundreds of assembled pupils from the [[Baltimore City Public Schools]].<ref>Wierzalis, Bill and Koontz, John P., ''Images of America: Mount Vernon Place'' (2006) p. 60-61. Arcadia Publishing {{ISBN|0-7385-4238-5}}</ref> Under the direction of well-known musicians, composers, conductors, and Peabody alumni, the music
conservatory, concerts, lecture series, library and art gallery, led by men of literary and intellectual lights along with an annual awarding of gold, silver and bronze medals with certificates and cash prizes to top graduates of the city, known as the "Peabody Prizes", attracted a considerable national attention to the Institute and the city's growing culture.
Under strong academic leadership, the Peabody evolved into an internationally renowned cultural and literary center through the late 19th and the 20th centuries, especially after a major expansion in 1877-1878, with the completion of its eastern half housing the [[George Peabody Library]] with iconic five stacked tiers of wrought iron balconies holding book stacks/shelves, surmounted by a beveled glass skylight, one of the most beautiful and distinctive libraries in [[America]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Holland|first=Bernard|title=The Peabody, Ready or Not, Is Pushed to Go Out on Its Own|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=January 4, 1990|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/01/04/arts/the-peabody-ready-or-not-is-pushed-to-go-out-on-its-own.html?scp=1&sq |accessdate=October 9, 2009}}</ref>

The Institute building's 1878 east wing on East Mount Vernon Place containing the affiliated [[George Peabody Library]], joined the other rows of architecturally significant structures of townhouses, mansions, art gallery, clubs, hotels, churches around the Nation's first memorial to its first President which developed into the [[Mount Vernon, Baltimore|Mount Vernon-Belvedere]] neighborhood, carved from the rolling hills north of Baltimore Town on the estate and nearby mansion of "Belviedere", home of [[American Revolutionary War|Revolutionary War]] commander of famous "[[Maryland Line]]" troops in the [[Continental Army]], Colonel [[John Eager Howard]], (1752-1827). The Institute grew from a local academy, with an art and sculpture gallery, public lecture series, and the extensive non-circulating reference library which predated the later first public library system in America. That library was created and endowed in 1882 by Peabody's friend and fellow "Bay-Stater", merchant/philanthropist [[Enoch Pratt]], (1808–1896). (In turn, both Peabody and Pratt inspired steel industrialist and multi-millionaire [[Andrew Carnegie]], (1835–1919) of [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]], who endowed more than 2,500 [[Carnegie library|libraries]] and buildings across America).

In 1978, "The Peabody" began working with [[Johns Hopkins University|The Johns Hopkins University]] (founded by will/bequest by another extremely wealthy merchant, [[Johns Hopkins]], (1792-1873) in 1876), under an affiliation agreement. In 1985, the Institute officially became a division of "The Hopkins".

Peabody is one of 156 schools in the [[United States]] that offers a [[Doctorate of Musical Arts]] degree. It houses two libraries: the historical [[Peabody Institute Library|George Peabody Library]] (originally the Peabody Institute Library) established when the Institute opened in 1866, renowned for its collection of 19th-century era and other rare books and the [[Arthur Friedheim Library]] (named for Russian-born pianist/conductor [[Arthur Friedheim]],1859-1932), a separate music reference academic library added to supplement the Institute's original library (now the separate [[George Peabody Library]] in the east wing) that includes more than 100,000 books, scores, and sound recordings.

The Conservatory was later supplemented by a preparatory school ("Peabody Prep"), and an auditorium/music hall. Under instructions from Peabody's original 1857 bequest - an art and sculpture gallery, [[George Peabody Library|non-circulating public research library]], with a public lecture series, and a system of awarding gold, silver and bronze medals, and certificates with money prizes for top honor graduates of Baltimore's then only public secondary schools; (the all-male [[Baltimore City College|Central High School of Baltimore, founded 1839 (now The Baltimore City College, since 1868)]] and female [[Eastern High School (Baltimore, Maryland)|Eastern]] and [[Western High School (Baltimore, Maryland)|Western High Schools]], founded 1844). "Peabody Prizes" are awarded to top high school graduates beginning the following year at commencement exercises and continued for 122 years as an honored annual tradition with public announcements to city's media.
Additional structures to the south and east of somewhat jarring modernistic light tan/brown brick along East Centre Street and Saint Paul Street (with a street-level parking garage) were constructed in 1971 with two corner towers. During the early 1990s, several remaining townhouses on East Mount Vernon Place to the east intersection with St. Paul were acquired and rebuilt leaving their front original facades facing the historic Monument squares /pocket parks but rebuilt interiors and extended to the rears. Along with other townhouses acquired to the south with distinctive iron scrollwork balconies facing North Charles Street /south Washington Place, for a senior citizens hostel. This enabled The Peabody to round out its tight campus of attached buildings on the entire city block bounded by Charles, Mount Vernon Place, St. Paul and Centre Streets.

==Preparatory==
Peabody Preparatory offers instruction and enrichment programs for school-age children across various sites in Baltimore and its surrounding counties: "Downtown" (Baltimore, main campus), [[Towson, Maryland|Towson]], [[Annapolis, Maryland|Annapolis]] ([[Maryland Hall for the Creative Arts]]) and [[Howard County, Maryland|Howard County]] (in cooperation with three schools).<ref>[http://www.peabody.jhu.edu/preparatory/campuses/index.html Preparatory Campuses]</ref>

===Peabody Children's Chorus===
The Peabody Children's Chorus is for children ages 6 to 18. It is divided into three groups: Training Choir, Choristers, and Cantate, grouped by age in ascending order. They practice weekly in Towson or Columbia, Maryland, and sing in concerts biannually under the instruction of Doreen Falby, Bradley Permenter, and Julia Sherriff. Cantate, ages 12 to 18, frequently perform with other groups, such as the [[Baltimore Symphony Orchestra]], The Baltimore Chamber Orchestra, The Mid-Atlantic Symphony Orchestra, and the [[Baltimore Choral Arts Society]], and have toured both regionally and internationally.

==Notable students==
{{div col}}
* [[Tori Amos]], singer, songwriter; the youngest student ever admitted to the Institute.
* [[Dominick Argento]], composer
* [[Zuill Bailey]], cellist
* [[Manuel Barrueco]], guitarist
* [[Carter Brey]], cellist
* [[Petrit Çeku]], Guitarist
* [[Angelin Chang]], pianist
* [[George Colligan]], pianist/trumpeter/drummer/composer
* [[Joshua Fineberg]], composer
* [[James Allen Gähres]], conductor (music)
* [[Philip Glass]], composer<ref>{{cite web|last1=Fadulu|first1=Lolade|title='I Expected to Have a Day Job for the Rest of My Life’|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2018/04/philip-glass-taxi-driver-composer/558278/|website=The Atlantic|accessdate=20 April 2018}}</ref>
* [[Hilary Hahn]], violinist
* [[Michael Hedges]], guitarist
* [[Michael Hersch]], composer
* [[Margarita Höhenrieder]], pianist
* [[Kim Kashkashian]], violist
* [[Kevin Kenner]], pianist
* [[O'Donel Levy]], guitarist
* [[David Meece]], singer, songwriter
* [[Su Meng]], Guitarist
* [[Sylvia Meyer]], harpist; the first female member of the [[National Symphony Orchestra]]
* [[Thomas F. McNulty]], a president of the [[WWIN-FM]] [[Baltimore]] and a member of the [[Maryland House of Delegates]] from 1942-1946
* [[Piotr Pakhomkin]], Guitarist
* [[Rebecca Pitcher]], actress; primarily known for playing Christine in the [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] adaption of ''[[The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)|The Phantom of the Opera]]''
* [[Awadagin Pratt]], pianist
* [[Lance Reddick]], actor, musician
* [[Ilyich Rivas]], conductor (music)
* [[Lillian Smith (author)|Lillian Smith]], author of ''[[Strange Fruit (novel)|Strange Fruit]]''
* [[Ana Vidović]], Guitarist
* [[André Watts]], pianist
* [[Igor Zubkovsky]], cellist
{{div col end}}

==Notable faculty==


{{colbegin}}
* [[Diran Alexanian]], cello

* [[Manuel Barrueco]], guitar
* [[Oscar Bettison]], composition
* [[George Frederick Boyle]], piano
* [[Garnett Bruce]], opera
* [[Elliott Carter]] (1946–48), composition
* [[Jay Clayton (musician)|Jay Clayton]], jazz
* [[Thomas Dolby]], Music for New Media
* [[David Fedderly]], tuba
* [[Leon Fleisher]], piano
* [[Elizabeth Futral]], voice
* [[Asger Hamerik]], Director (1871–1898)
* [[Michael Hersch]], composition
* [[Ernest Hutcheson]], piano
* [[Jean Eichelberger Ivey]], composition, electronic music

* [[Katharine Lucke]] (1875-1962) - organ, composition
* [[Nicholas Maw]] (1935–2009), composition
* [[Anthony McGill (musician)|Anthony McGill]], clarinet
* [[Gustav Meier]], conducting
* [[Edward Palanker]], clarinet
* [[Amit Peled]], cello
* [[Marina Piccinini]], flute
* [[Joel Puckett]], theory
* [[Kevin Puts]], composition
* [[Hollis Robbins]], humanities
* [[Berl Senofsky]], violin
* [[John Shirley-Quirk]], voice
* [[Robert van Sice]], percussion
* [[Gary Thomas (musician)|Gary Thomas]], Jazz
* [[Barry Tuckwell]], horn
* [[Frank Valentino]], voice
* [[John Walker (organist)|John Walker]], organ
* [[Chen Yi (composer)|Chen Yi]], composition (1996-1998)
* [[Du Yun]], composition
{{colend}}


==See also==
*[[Music school]]
*[[Music schools in the United States]]

==References==

{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{Commonscatinline}}
* {{official|http://www.peabody.jhu.edu/ }}

{{JHU}}
{{Colleges and Universities in Baltimore}}

{{Coord|39.2973|N|76.615|W|region:US-MD_type:edu|display=title}}

[[Category:Johns Hopkins University]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Baltimore]]
[[Category:Music schools in Maryland]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1857]]
[[Category:Mount Vernon, Baltimore]]
[[Category:Music of Baltimore]]
[[Category:1857 establishments in Maryland]]

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Peabody Institute