Sequoia National Forest

2014-11-30T07:30:18Z

SpecMode: /* Recreation */ Forest is adjacent to both parks.

{{Infobox protected area
| name = Sequoia National Forest
| iucn_category = VI
| photo = Long Meadow Grove CA.jpg
| photo_caption = Long Meadow Grove on a misty day
| map = USA relief
| map_caption =
| location = [[Tulare County, California|Tulare]] / [[Kern County, California|Kern]] / [[Fresno County, California|Fresno]] counties, [[California]], [[United States|US]]
| nearest_city = [[Bakersfield, California|Bakersfield, CA]] / [[Porterville, California|Porterville, CA]] /
| lat_d = 36 | lat_m = 2 | lat_s = 24 | lat_NS = N
| long_d = 118 | long_m = 30 | long_s = 16 | long_EW = W
| area = {{convert|1,193,315|acre|km2}}<ref name="area">{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/land/staff/lar/LAR2011/LAR2011_Book_A5.pdf |title=Land Areas of the National Forest System |publisher=U.S. Forest Service |accessdate=2012-03-19}}</ref>
| established = 1908
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| governing_body = [[United States Forest Service|U.S. Forest Service]]
| url = http://www.fs.fed.us/r5/sequoia/
}}

'''Sequoia National Forest''' is located in the southern [[Sierra Nevada (U.S.)|Sierra Nevada]] mountains of [[California]]. The [[U.S. National Forest]] is named for the majestic [[Sequoiadendron giganteum|Giant Sequoia (''Sequoiadendron giganteum'')]] trees which populate 38 distinct grooves within the boundaries of the forest.

The [[Giant Sequoia National Monument]] is located in the national forest. Other notable features include [[glacier]]-carved landscapes and impressive [[granite]] [[monolith]]s. [[The_Needles_(Sequoia_National_Forest)|The Needles]] are a series of granite spires atop a narrow ridge above the Kern River. Forest headquarters are located in [[Porterville, California|Porterville]], California. There are local ranger district offices in [[Dunlap, California|Dunlap]], [[Kernville, California|Kernville]], [[Lake Isabella, California|Lake Isabella]], and [[Springville, California|Springville]].<ref>[http://www.ufwda.org/pdfs/USDAForestServiceRangerDistricts.pdf USFS Ranger Districts by State]</ref>

==Geography==
The Sequoia National Forest covers {{convert|1,193,315|acre|sqmi km2}},<ref name="area"/> and ranges in elevation from {{convert|1000|ft|m}} in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada to over {{convert|12000|ft|m}}. Its Giant Sequoia (''Sequoiadendron giganteum'') groves are part of its {{convert|196000|acre|km2}} of [[old growth]] forests. Other tree species include:<ref name = "PacificSouthwest2002Estimates">{{Cite document
| last1 = Warbington | first1 = Ralph
| last2 = Beardsley | first2 = Debby
| year = 2002
| title = 2002 Estimates of Old Growth Forests on the 18 National Forests of the Pacific Southwest Region
| url = http://www.fs.fed.us/r5/rsl/publications/oldgrowth/oldgrowth2002.html
| publisher = [[United States Forest Service]], Pacific Southwest Region
| postscript = 
}}</ref>
*[[Jeffrey Pine]] (''Pinus jeffreyi'')
*[[Red Fir]] (''Abies magnifica'')
*[[Coast Douglas-fir]] (''Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii'')
*[[Ponderosa Pine]] (''Pinus ponderosa'')
*[[White Fir]] (''Abies concolor'')
*[[Lodgepole Pine]] (''Pinus contorta'')

===The Needles===
The Needles are a series of granite spires atop a narrow ridge above the [[Kern River]].({{Coords|36.1214|-118.5044|}})<ref>[http://www.mountainproject.com/v/the-needles/105851693 Mountain Project - The Needles]</ref>

===Wilderness areas===
There are six [[wilderness area]]s within Sequoia NF that are part of the [[National Wilderness Preservation System]]. Some of these extend into neighboring National Forests, as indicated. Two of them also extend into land that is managed by the [[Bureau of Land Management]].
* [[Domeland Wilderness]] (partly BLM)
* [[Golden Trout Wilderness]] (mostly in [[Inyo National Forest|Inyo NF]])
* [[Jennie Lakes Wilderness]]
* [[Kiavah Wilderness]] (mostly BLM)
* [[Monarch Wilderness]] (partly in [[Sierra National Forest|Sierra NF]])
* [[South Sierra Wilderness]] (mostly in Inyo NF)

==Recreation==
The National Forest contains over {{convert|2500|mi|km}} of road and {{convert|850|mi|km}} of trails, and hosts a number of camping and recreational facilities. The forest is adjacent to [[Sequoia National Park|Sequoia]] and [[Kings Canyon National Park|Kings Canyon]] [[National park|National Parks]].

==History==
Sequoia National Forest was established on July 1, 1908 from a portion of [[Sierra Forest Reserve]]. On March 2, 1909 Theodore Roosevelt added land by Presidential Proclamation.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=76613
| title = Proclamation – Adding Lands to the Sequoia National Forest
| accessdate = 2009-12-04}}</ref>
On July 1, 1910 {{convert|1951191|acres|km2}} was removed from the forest to create the [[Kern National Forest]].<ref>{{cite book
| url = http://www.foresthistory.org/ASPNET/places/National%20Forests%20of%20the%20U.S.pdf
| title = National Forests of the United States
| date = September 29, 2005
| last = Davis
| publisher = The Forest History Society
| first = Richard C.
}}</ref>
This land was returned to Sequoia National Forest on July 1, 1915.

==Giant sequoia groves==
{{Further|List of giant sequoia groves}}
The Sequoia National Forest has 34 [[Sequoiadendron giganteum|giant sequoia]] groves.
*The 14 groves in the Kings River watershed are in the northern section of [[Giant Sequoia National Monument]] (GSNM), or in the Sequoia National Forest (SeNF), in southernmost [[Fresno County, California|Fresno County]] and [[Tulare County, California|Tulare County]]:
# Indian Basin Grove (GSNM) A mid-size grove, mostly logged. It can be accessed by paved roads. The grove contains many young sequoias approaching diameters of up to {{convert|10|ft|m}}. {{coord|36|48|N|118|56|W|}} 1800–2000 m.
# [[Converse Basin]] Grove (GSNM). Once the second-largest grove, but much logged around 1890-1900; However, nearly 100 widely scattered old-growth Giant Sequoias remain (apparently bypassed by the loggers), also good regrowth of younger trees. Home of the Boole Tree, which the loggers spared as it was by far the largest tree in the grove and is now identified as the sixth-largest tree by volume. Also home of the Chicago Stump, which is the remnant of the [[General Noble Tree]] that was cut for the 1893 [[World Columbian Exposition]] the General Noble Tree was the second largest tree in the grove (after the Boole Tree) and it was the largest tree ever cut down. Although not among the very largest Giant Sequoias, the General Noble Tree was perhaps among the top 30 largest Giant Sequoias before it was cut. {{coord|36|48|N|118|58|W|}} 1800–2000 m.
# Lockwood Grove (GSNM). {{coord|36|48|N|118|52|W|}} 1700–1800 m.
# Monarch Grove (GSNM). Immediately north of the Agnew Grove, near Monarch Wilderness boundary. ''On Forest Service GSNM map.''
# [[Evans Grove]] (GSNM). Partially logged, before 1920. 36°48'N 118°49'30"W 2050–2250 m.
# Agnew & Deer Meadow Grove (GSNM). {{coord|36|47|20|N|118|46|45|W|}} 1950–2000 m.
# Cherry Gap Grove (GSNM). Logged. Located between Converse Basin Grove and [[General Grant Grove]], near McGee Overlook ({{coord|36|46|40|N|118|57|30|W|}}). 2070 m. Cherry Gap Grove is a small [[sequoia grove]] of about thirty-five acres in Sequoia national forest; it was logged of all of its old growth sequoias.
# Abbott Creek Grove (GSNM). {{coord|36|46|N|118|58|W|}} 1900 m. ''Listed by Rundel and Flint; very small (largely logged); too few trees to qualify as a grove according to Willard''.
# [[Kennedy Grove]] (GSNM). {{coord|36|46|0|N|118|49|20|W|}} 2050–2250 m. Contains the 13th largest giant sequoia in the world, The [[Ishi Giant]].
# Little Boulder Creek Grove (GSNM). {{coord|36|45|10|N|118|49|0|W|}} 2000 m.
# Boulder Creek Grove (GSNM). {{coord|36|45|N|118|49|W|}} 2050 m.
# Landslide Grove (GSNM). {{coord|36|45|0|N|118|51|50|W}} 2050–2250 m.
# Bearskin Grove (GSNM). {{coord|36|45|0|N|118|54|40|W}} 1850–1900 m.
# Big Stump Grove (KCNP/GSNM). {{coord|36|43|N|118|58|W|}} 1850 m.

*One grove in the [[Kaweah River]] watershed:
# [[Redwood Mountain Grove]] (KCNP/GSNM). The largest grove, 1240 ha (3100 acres), with 15,800 sequoias 30 cm (one foot) or more in diameter at the base.

*The 19 groves in the [[Tule River]] and [[Kern River]] watersheds are mostly in [[Giant Sequoia National Monument]] (GSNM); all in southern [[Tulare County, California|Tulare County]].
#Upper Tule Grove (GSNM). ''Included on Forest Service GSNM map''.
#Maggie Mountain Grove (GSNM).
#Silver Creek Grove (GSNM).
#[[Mountain Home Grove]] (CSF / GSNM). Home of the 'Genesis' tree, seventh largest by volume, this grove also contains the smaller Middle Tule Grove
#Burro Creek Grove (GSNM).
#Wishon Grove (GSNM). South of Silver Creek Grove. ''Included on Forest Service GSNM map''.
#[[Alder Creek Grove]] (GSNM / private); also known as Hossack, Pixley, or Ross Creek Grove. Home of 'Alonzo Stagg', the fifth largest tree by volume. Also home to the Waterfall tree, which has the largest circumference and diameter at ground level of any sequoia.
#[[McIntyre Grove]] (GSNM).
#Carr Wilson Grove(GSNM); also known as Bear Creek Grove.
#[[Freeman Creek Grove]] (GSNM).
#[[Black Mountain Grove]] (GSNM / TIR / private). Heavily logged in 1984, though mature sequoias were not cut.
#Red Hill Grove (GSNM / private).
#Peyrone Grove (GSNM / TIR).
#South Peyrone Grove (GSNM) New discovery by Willard in 1992.
#[[Long Meadow Grove]] (GSNM), Site of the Trail of 100 Giants and one tree of great size.
#Cunningham Grove (GSNM).
#Starvation Creek Grove (GSNM).
#[[Packsaddle Grove]] (GSNM).
#Deer Creek Grove (GSNM). The southernmost grove.

==Giant Sequoia National Monument==
On April 15, 2000 President Bill Clinton proclaimed {{convert|328000|acre|km2|adj=on}} of the Sequoia National Forest as the [[Giant Sequoia National Monument]] by Presidential Proclamation 7295, published in the Federal Register, Tuesday, April 25, 2000, Vol. 65, No. 80.

The monument is in two sections. The northern section surrounds [[General Grant Grove]] and other parts of [[Kings Canyon National Park]] and is administered by the Hume Lake Ranger District. The southern section is directly south of [[Sequoia National Park]] and is administered by the Western Divide Ranger District, surrounding the eastern half of the [[Tule River Indian Reservation]].

==Marijuana==
The forest has been the scene of extensive illegal marijuana cultivation, with recent involvement of Mexican drug cartels.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/seki/parknews/upload/spring%20clean%20up.pdf|title=Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks Continues the Fight Against Illegal Marijuana Production|date=2008-03-17|work=|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/CRIME/08/08/pot.eradication/index.html|title=Mexican cartels running pot farms in U.S. national forest|date=2008-08-08|work=|publisher=CNN}}</ref>

==Photos==
<gallery>
Image:Grizzly Falls, Sequoia National Forest.jpg|Grizzly Falls in Kings Canyon.
Image:Havilah CA USFS Service Center.JPG|Havilah Work Center.
Image:Alder creek CA giant Sequoias.jpg|Giant Sequoias.
</gallery>

{{commons}}

==See also==
*[[List of plants of the Sierra Nevada (U.S.)]]
*[[:Category:Fauna of the Sierra Nevada (U.S.)|Index: Fauna of the Sierra Nevada (U.S.)]]
*[[Ecology of the Sierra Nevada]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

===References===
*[http://www.fs.fed.us/r5/sequoia/ "Sequoia National Forest"]. [[United States Forest Service|United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service]]. Retrieved August 8, 2005.
*Willard, D. (1994). The natural Giant Sequoia groves of the Sierra Nevada, California - an updated annotated list. ''USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep''. PSW-GTR-151: 159-164.

{{commonscat|Sequoia National Forest}}

==External links==
*[http://www.fs.fed.us/r5/sequoia/ official '''Sequoia National Forest''' website]

{{Protected Areas of California|NF}}

[[Category:Sequoia National Forest| 01]]
[[Category:National Forests of California]]
[[Category:Protected areas of the Sierra Nevada (U.S.)]]
[[Category:Forests of California|Sequoiadendron]]
[[Category:Protected areas of Fresno County, California]]
[[Category:Protected areas of Kern County, California]]
[[Category:Protected areas of Tulare County, California]]
[[Category:Giant sequoia groves]]

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Sequoia National Forest