Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Holozän-Kalender

2010-09-11T19:47:22Z

Securityadvisor: /* Conversion */

{{redirect3|H.E.|For other uses of H.E., see [[He (disambiguation)]]}}{{redirect3|Holocene era|For the geological epoch, see [[Holocene Epoch]]}}
The '''Holocene calendar''', popular term for the '''''Holocene Era''''' or '''''Human Era''''', is a year numbering system similar to [[astronomical year numbering]] but adds 10,000, placing its first year at the start of the ''Human Era'' (HE, the beginning of human [[civilization]]) the approximation of the [[Holocene|Holocene Epoch]] (HE, post [[Ice Age]]) for easier [[geological]], [[archaeological]], [[dendrochronological]] and [[historical]] dating. The current [[Gregorian Calendar|Gregorian]] year can be transformed by simply placing a 1 before it (e.g., {{CURRENTYEAR}} becomes 1{{CURRENTYEAR}} HE). The ''Human Era'' was first proposed by [[Cesare Emiliani]] in 1993 {{nowrap|(11993 HE)}}.<ref>Cesare Emiliani, "[http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993Natur.366..716E Calendar Reform]", ''Nature'' '''366''' (1993) 716.</ref><ref>[http://www.readersadvice.com/mmeade/house/holocene.html The Holocene Calendar] at Meerkat Meade</ref><ref>[http://weseman.com/page.php?form=human_era_calendar The Human Era Calendar] by Harry and Svetlana Weseman</ref>

==Motivation==
Cesare Emiliani's proposal for a [[calendar reform]] sought to solve a number of problems with the current [[Anno Domini]] era, which number the years of the commonly accepted world calendar. The issues include:
* The ''Anno Domini'' era (or [[Common Era]]) begins at the presumed year of the birth of [[Jesus Christ]]. This Christian aspect (especially the use of ''Before Christ'' and ''Anno Domini'') can be offensive to non-Christians.<ref>[http://www.religioustolerance.org/ce.htm Controversy over the use of "CE/BCE" or "AD/BC" dating notation] at Religious Tolerance.org</ref>
* Biblical scholarship is virtually unanimous that the birth of Jesus Christ would actually have been a few years prior to AD 1{{Citation needed|date=December 2009}}. This makes the calendar inaccurate insofar as Christian dates are concerned.
* There is no [[year zero]] as 1 BC is followed immediately by AD 1.
* BC years are counted down when moving from past to future, thus 44 BC is after 250 BC. This makes calculating date ranges in the Holocene era across the BC/AD boundary more complicated than in the HE.

Instead, HE places its [[Epoch (reference date)|epoch]] or year one of the current [[era]] to 10,000 BC. This is a rough approximation of the start of the current [[Epoch (geology)|geologic epoch]], the [[Holocene]] (the name means ''entirely recent''). The motivation for this is that human civilization (e.g., the first settlements, agriculture, etc.) is believed to have arisen entirely within this time. All key dates in human history can then be listed using a simple increasing date scale with smaller dates always occurring before larger dates.

===Conversion===
Conversion to the Holocene Era from Julian or Gregorian AD years can be achieved by adding 10,000. BC years are converted by subtracting the BC year from 10,001.

A useful validity check is that the last single digits of BC and HE equivalent pairs must add up to 1 or 11.

{| {{fintabell}}
|-
| '''Events'''
| '''Julian or Gregorian years'''
| ''' Holocene Era''' '''Human Era'''
|-
| End of the [[Paleolithic]] Period, All continents (except [[Antarctica]]) inhabited, [[Neolithic Revolution|Agriculture]] and the domestication of animals begins.
| c. 10000 BC
| c. 1 HE
|-
| Earliest [[PPNA Wall of Jericho|walled city]] ([[Jericho]])
| c. 9000 BC
| c. 1001 HE
|-
| Initial [[Jōmon period]] begins
| c. 7500 BC
| c. 2501 HE
|-
| Approximate start of the [[8.2 ka event]]
| c. 6200 BC
| c. 3801 HE
|-
| First copper found in [[Middle East]] - beginning of [[Copper Age]]
| c. 6000 BC
| c. 4001 HE
|-
| [[Julian Day Number]] 0
| January 1, 4713 BC (from noon UTC)
| 5288 HE
|-
| Day of Creation according to the [[Ussher chronology]]
| October 23, 4004 BC
| 5997 HE
|-
| Approximate start of the [[5.9 ka event]]
| c. 3900 BC
| c. 6101 HE
|-
| [[Narmer]] or [[Menes]], [[First dynasty of Egypt|first Pharaoh of the unified Egypt]]
| c. 3100 BC
| c. 6901 HE
|-
| Beginning of [[Indus Valley Civilization]]
| c. 3000 BC
| c. 7001 HE
|-
| Probable date of the completion of the [[Pyramid of Djoser|first Egyptian pyramid]]
| 2611 BC
| 7390 HE
|-
| Beginning of [[Xia Dynasty]] in [[China]]
| c. 2100 BC
| c. 7901 HE
|-
| [[Moses]] leads the [[Hebrew]]s out of [[Egypt]]
| c. 1255 BC
| c. 8746 HE
|-
| Foundation of [[Rome]]
| 753 BC
| 9248 HE
|-
| [[Cyrus the Great|Cyrus II]], king of [[Anshan]] and [[Persia]]
| 559 BC
| 9442 HE
|-
| Death of [[Alexander the Great|Alexander]]; [[Ptolemy Soter|Ptolemy I Soter]] becomes Pharaoh of Egypt
| 323 BC
| 9678 HE
|-
| Empire of [[Ashoka the Great|Asoka]]
| 273 BC
| 9728 HE
|-
| Imperial China, [[Qin dynasty]]
| 221 BC
| 9780 HE
|-
| Destruction of [[Carthage]] and annexation of the [[Fourth Macedonian War|Macedonian Kingdom]] by the [[Roman Republic|Romans]]
| 146 BC
| 9855 HE
|-
| [[Cleopatra VII|Cleopatra's]] suicide and end of [[Ptolemaic dynasty|Ptolemaic Egypt]].
| August 12, 30 BC
| 9971 HE
|-
| [[Augustus]] becomes the first Emperor of [[Rome]]
| January 16, 27 BC
| 9974 HE
|-
| Birth of [[Jesus|Jesus Chirst]]
| 5 BC
| 9996 HE
|-
| Death of [[Herod the Great]]
| {{nowrap|Late March or Early April, 4 BC}}
| 9997 HE
|-
| Last year of [[Before Christ|BC]] era
| 1 BC
| 10000 HE
|-
| First year of [[Anno Domini]] era
| AD 1
| 10001 HE
|-
| Possible year of Jesus' crucifixion
| AD 30
| 10030 HE
|-
| [[Migration Period]] begins, leading to the [[Fall of Rome]]
| AD 300–476
| {{nowrap|10300–10476 HE}}
|-
| [[Constantine I|Constantine]] converts to [[Christianity]]; defeats [[Maxentius]]
| AD 312
| 10312 HE
|-
| [[Edict of Milan]]: freedom of cult for the Christians.
| AD 313
| 10313 HE
|-
| [[Turkic migration]]s begin
| c. AD 500
| c. 10500 HE
|-
| [[Muslim conquests]] begin
| AD 632
| 10632 HE
|-
| The [[Muslim]]s, under the [[Umayyad Caliphate]], reach the [[Iberian Peninsula]].
| AD 711
| 10711 HE
|-
| [[Great Zimbabwe]] built
| c. AD 1000
| c. 11000 HE
|-
| [[Hindu-Arabic numerals]] introduced to [[Europe]]
| AD 1202
| 11202 HE
|-
| [[Osman I]] becomes Sultan of the Ghazi state of [[Söğüt]] and establishes the [[Ottoman Dynasty]];
| AD 1299
| 11299 HE
|-
| [[Black Death]] decimates Asia and Europe
| AD 1340s
| 11340s HE
|-
| [[Age of Discovery|European expansion and colonization]] begins
| AD 1419
| 11419 HE
|-
| [[Mehmet II]], Sultan of the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]], conquers [[Constantinople]].
| AD 1453
| 11453 HE
|-
| [[Voyages of Christopher Columbus|European discovery of the New World]]
| AD 1492
| 11492 HE
|-
| [[Vasco da Gama]] reaches [[India]], by sea, through circumnavigating the [[Africa|African continent]]
| AD 1498
| 11498 HE
|-
| [[Brazil]] is officially discovered and reclaimed by the [[Portugal|Portuguese]]
| April 22, AD 1500
| 11500 HE
|-
| Fall of the [[Inca Empire]]
| AD 1572
| 11572 HE
|-
| [[United States Declaration of Independence|The United States of America declares independence from Britain]]
| AD 1776
| 11776 HE
|-
| [[French Revolution]]
| July 14, AD 1789
| 11789 HE
|-
| Independence of the [[Hispanic America|Hispanic-American]] countries
| AD 1811–30
| 11811–30 HE
|-
| [[Second Industrial Revolution]]
| c. AD 1850
| c. 11850 HE
|-
| End of the [[Belle Époque]]; [[World War I|First World War]]
| AD 1914–18
| 11914–18 HE
|-
| [[World War II|Second World War]] and [[nuclear technology|nuclear fission]]
| AD 1939–45
| 11939–45 HE
|-
|-
| Establishment of the [[United Nations]]
| AD 1945
| 11945 HE
|-
| [[Sputnik 1|First artificial satellite (Sputnik I)]]
| AD 1957
| 11957 HE
|-
| [[Yuri Gagarin]] becomes [[Human spaceflight|The first human in space]]
| AD 1961
| 11961 HE
|-
| [[Apollo 11|First human landing on the Moon]]
| AD 1969
| 11969 HE
|-
| [[Human Genome Project|Completion of Human Genome Project]]
| AD 2003
| 12003 HE
|-
| [http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/may/20/craig-venter-synthetic-life-form Synthesis of first living organism]
| AD 2010
| 12010 HE
|-
| Current year
| AD {{CURRENTYEAR}}
| {{#expr:{{{year|<noinclude>{{CURRENTYEAR}}</noinclude><includeonly>{{subst:PAGENAME}}</includeonly>}}}+10000 }} HE
|}

== See also ==
* [[Before Present]]
* [[Calendar Era]]
* [[Common Era]]
* [[Julian date]] (JD) – the interval of time in days and fractions of a day since January 1, 4713 BC Greenwich noon, [[Julian proleptic calendar]].

== References ==
{{reflist}}
* {{cite book|author=David Ewing Duncan|title=The Calendar|year=1999|publisher=|pages=331–332|isbn=1-85702-979-8}}
* {{cite book|author=Duncan Steel|title=Marking Time: The Epic Quest to Invent the Perfect Calendar|year=2000|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|pages=149–151|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=fsni_qV-FJoC&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA149 | isbn=9780471298274}}
* {{cite book|author=Günther A. Wagner|title=''Age Determination of Young Rocks and Artifacts: Physical and Chemical Clocks in Quaternary Geology and Archeology''|year=1998|publisher=Springer|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ADuZDCa08kwC&pg=PA48|page=48 | isbn=9783540634362}}
* [http://timelines.ws/0A1MILL_3300BC.HTML Timeline of World History]
* "[http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2451.2004.00457.x News and comment]", ''Geology Today'', '''20'''/3 (2004) 89–96.

{{Time Topics}}
{{Time measurement and standards}}
{{Chronology}}

[[Category:Archaeology]]
[[Category:Calendar eras]]
[[Category:Chronology]]
[[Category:Geochronology]]
[[Category:Holocene]]
[[Category:Proposed calendars]]
[[Category:Jōmon period]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Holocene Calendar}}

[[be-x-old:Галяцэнскі каляндар]]
[[cs:Holocénový letopočet]]
[[es:Calendario holoceno]]
[[eo:Holocena kalendaro]]
[[fa:گاه‌شماری هولوسین]]
[[fr:Calendrier holocène]]
[[it:Calendario olocenico]]
[[nl:Holocene kalender]]
[[pt:Calendário Holoceno]]
[[ru:Голоценский календарь]]
[[sr:Холоценски календар]]
[[sh:Holocenski kalendar]]
[[fi:Holoseenin ajanlasku]]
[[sv:Holocen era]]
[[zh-yue:全新世紀年]]
[[zh:全新世紀年]]

Flagge der Erde

2008-12-14T17:31:33Z

Securityadvisor: /* James W. Cadle's "Flag of Earth" */

[[Image:Earth flag PD.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The Earth Day Flag, just one proposal for a flag of Earth]]
The '''flag of the Earth''' is a [[flag]] used to represent the [[Earth]]. Although there is no internationally agreed upon flag to represent the whole planet, some organisations have promoted designs for a flag, yet none of these designs have managed to gain much recognition outside the organisations that propose them.

==Earth Day Flag==
[[Image:EarthFlag1.jpg|thumb|100px|right|First Early Earth Flag design]]
A flag designed for the first [[Earth Day]] by [[John McConnell (peace activist)|John McConnell]] is a dark blue field [[Charge (heraldry)|charged]] with [[The Blue Marble]], a famous [[NASA]] photo of the [[Earth]] as seen from [[outer space]]. Because of the political views of its creator and its having become a symbol of Earth Day, this flag is also associated with [[Environmentalism|environmental awareness]], and the celebration of the global community.{{Fact|date=February 2008}} It was offered for sale in the ''[[Whole Earth Catalogue]]'', which is currently endorsed by John McConnell.<ref>[http://www.earthflag.net Authentic Earth Flag]</ref>

The first Earth flag used [[screen-printing]] and the colours of the Earth were reversed: the ocean was white and the clouds were blue. With only two colours, one colour was for clouds and the other colour was for both ocean and land. This image of a later Earth flag shows the correct colours.

==James W. Cadle's "Flag of Earth"==
Another Earth flag was created around the same time in 1970 by a farmer from [[Illinois]] named James W. Cadle. Cadle's version of the Earth flag consists of a blue circle representing Earth in the centre of the flag representing Earth, a segment of a large yellow circle representing the sun and a small white circle for the moon, all on a black background. It is particularly popular amongst [[SETI]] researchers and is used by SETI worldwide. It was flown [[half staff]] when [[Carl Sagan]] died<ref>[http://www.xs4all.nl/~carlkop/sagan.html Carl Sagan]</ref>. Flag of Earth Co. International was also founded by Cadle which sold the flag. The Flag of Earth became [[public domain]] in 2003<ref>http://www.flagofearth.net/Cadle_Website.htm </ref>.

==Other contenders==
*Probably the ''de facto'' flag of the world is the '''[[Flag of the United Nations]]'''. It has a geographical representation of the planet, and its high visibility usage makes it a well-known contender for representing Earth. Indeed, during the planning for NASA's moon landings of the 1960s, it was suggested that a UN flag was used in place of the flag of the USA.<ref>{{cite web |last=Platoff |first=Anne |title=Where No Flag Has Gone Before: Political and Technical Aspects of Placing a Flag on the Moon (NASA Contractor Report 188251) |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |date=2003-08 |url=http://ston.jsc.nasa.gov/collections/TRS/_techrep/cr188251.html |accessdate=2008-12-07}}</ref>

*Fibitz Reality Adjustment suggested a '''Flag for "Planet Terra"''' which represented the planet by a segment of a blue circle against a black background. A green and light blue band represent the atmosphere and a crescent moon is shown in the canton.<ref>{{cite web |title=Flags for Planet Terra |url=http://www.madpoetry.org/terraflg.html |accessdate=2008-12-07}}</ref>

*'''David Bartholomew’s "One World Flag"''' consists of a blue and green [[Yin and yang|Taijitu]] (similar to that used in the [[flag of South Korea]]). The flag has a border of white, black, red and yellow, with one colour per side.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bartholomew |first=David |title=One World Flag |date=2006-11-04 |url=http://flagspot.net/flags/qp-3-owf.html |accessdate=2008-12-07}}</ref>

*'''George Dibbern’s "citizen of the world" flag''' is different from most proposed flags in that it contains nationalist and religious symbols. On a white field is a red cross (St George's Cross), behind which is a blue circle. A blue star is in the canton.<ref>{{cite web |last=Dibbern |first=George |title=Citizen of the World Flag |date=2007-04-14 |url=http://flagspot.net/flags/qp-3dib.html |accessdate=2008-12-07}}</ref>

*The [[World Service Authority]] has also designed a '''World Citizen flag''' with a green and white globe in the centre with a green man on a yellow field.<ref>{{cite web |title=The World Citizen Flag |publisher=[http://www.worldgovernment.org The World Government of World Citizens] |url=http://www.worldgovernment.org/wcd.html |accessdate=2008-12-07}}</ref> The World Service Authority is perhaps best known for its issuing of World Passports.

*'''Jean-Sylvain Delroux's world flag''' was designed in 1970. It represents Earth in the same way as James W. Cadle's "Flag of Earth", but instead of showing the sun and moon, the rest of the flag is divided into four colours to represent the four families of humanity.<ref>http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/worldflag.html</ref> It was published in the French magazine ''La Vie''.

*The World Unity Flag Project's '''World Unity Flag''' has a multi-coloured flag superimposed with a picture of earth in the centre. The image for Earth is the same Blue Marble image used in the Earth Day Flag.<ref>http://www.worldunityflag.org/</ref>

===Earth Flags in Science Fiction===

*In ''[[Futurama]]'', the flag of Earth, known as '''Ol' Freebie''', has a picture of Earth replacing the stars on an otherwise unaltered [[Flag of the United States|American flag]].
*In ''[[Star Trek: Enterprise]]'', a white flag with an image of Earth in blue (not too dissimilar to that of the UN) is shown.
*In the ''[[Looney Tunes]]'' cartoons, a plain yellow flag with an image of earth is used, a similar flag is used for Mars.
*In the cartoon ''[[Invader Zim]]'', a white flag with a colour representation of Earth is used.
*In ''[[Gundam]]'', a red flag with a plant is used; the flower on the plant is a blue circle representing Earth, with a white crescent on it. The moon is also shown.
*In the sequal [[Mobile Suit Gundam Wing|''Gundam Wing]]'', a red flag with a gold disc is used. The disc is surrounded by olive leaves, similar to the flag of the UN. Another flag in the same series shows a gold bird in the centre.
*In ''[[Space: Above and Beyond]]'', a white flag with a blue image of Earth and three blue stars is used to represent the UN, and hence, Earth.
*H. G. Wells's novel [[The Holy Terror (novel)|''The Holy Terror'']] has the [[Flag of Scotland]] made to represent Earth.<ref>http://flagspot.net/flags/qp-3.html#top</ref>
*In the science fiction video game Starcraft; the Earth Flag (Also know as the U.E.D, or United Earth Directorate), is Red, Black and Yellow. The symbols are the Earth with a Hawk standing at the North Pole, two lightning bolts are aimed near its head. This is surrounded by 3 curved triangles. According to the game it is usually flown on an orange background.

==Gallery of proposed flags==
<center>
{{Begin flag gallery}}
{{Flag entry|Width=200|Image=Earth flag PD.jpg|Caption=Earth Day Flag}}
{{Flag entry|Width=200|Image=CadleFlagEarth.svg|Caption=James W. Cadle's flag of Earth}}
{{Flag entry|Width=200|Image=Tera-Flago2.jpg|Caption=Alternate version of James W. Cadle's flag}}
{{New flag row}}
{{Flag entry|Width=200|Image=En 1996, de David Bartholomew.gif|Caption=David Bartholomew’s "One World Flag"}}
{{Flag entry|Width=200|Image=En 1940, de George Dibbern.gif|Caption=George Dibbern’s "citizen of the world" flag}}
{{Flag entry|Width=200|Image=Flag of Planet Terra.svg|Caption=Flag proposed by Fibitz Reality Adjustment}}
{{New flag row}}
{{Flag entry|Width=200|Image=Flag of the United Nations.svg|Caption=Flag of the United Nations}}
{{Flag entry|Width=200|Image=Earth Flag.svg|Caption=Futurama's Earth Flag}}
{{Flag entry|Width=200|Image=En 1970 de Jean-Sylvain Delroux.gif|Caption=Jean-Sylvain Delroux's world flag}}
{{End flag gallery}}
</center>

==See also==
*[[Ecology Flag (American)]]
*[[Flag of the United Nations]]

==References==
{{refs}}

==External links==
*[http://flagspot.net/flags/qp-3.html Flags of the World]
*[http://www.earthflag.net Authentic Earth Flag Website] Official Website
*[http://www.earthsite.org/flag.htm Authentic Earth Flag Endorsement] John McConell's Endorsement of earthflag.net as the Authentic Earth Flag.
*[http://members.aol.com/TrusteeOne/essay27.html The History of the Earth Flag] by John McConnell
*[http://www.flagofearth.net/Cadle_Website.htm Portions of James Cadle's "Flag of Earth" website]
*[http://www.allstates-flag.com/fotw/flags/qp-3-jwc.html James Cadle's "Flag of Earth" description]

[[Category:International flags]]

[[el:Σημαία της Γης]]
[[es:Bandera de la Tierra]]
[[eo:Tera Flago]]
[[it:Bandiera terrestre]]
[[pt:Bandeira da Terra]]
[[ar:راية الأرض]]

HijackThis

2008-12-14T16:43:38Z

Securityadvisor:

{{Infobox_Software
|name = HijackThis
|logo = [[Image:HijackThis-logo.png|48px]]
|caption = HijackThis 2.0.2 screenshot
|screenshot = [[Image:HijackThis.png|250px]]
|developer = [[Trend Micro]]
|latest_release_version = 2.0.2
|latest_release_date = {{release date|2007|07|07}}
|operating_system = [[Microsoft Windows]]
|genre = [[Malware]] diagnostics & removal
|license = [[Freeware]]
|website = [http://www.trendsecure.com/portal/en-US/threat_analytics/hijackthis.php www.trendsecure.com]
}}

'''HijackThis''', sometimes abbreviated '''HJT''', is a [[freeware]] [[spyware]]-removal tool for [[Microsoft Windows]] originally created by [[Merijn Bellekom]], and later sold to [[Trend Micro]]<ref name="author">{{cite web|url=http://www.merijn.org/index.php|title=Website of HijackThis author [[Merijn Bellekom]]|accessdate=2008-11-02|format=html}}</ref>. The program is notable for taking a [[Heuristic (computer science)|heuristic]] approach to detecting [[malware]] - rather than relying on a [[database]] of known spyware, it quickly scans a user's computer, creates a list of differences from a known spyware-free environment and allows the user to decide what from the list needs to be removed. HijackThis is used primarily for diagnosis of spyware, as blind use of its removal facilities can cause significant software damage to a computer<ref name="bleep">{{cite web|url=http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/tutorials/tutorial42.html|title=HijackThis Tutorial|accessdate=2008-03-13|format=html}}</ref>.

==Use==
HijackThis can generate a [[plain text]] logfile detailing all entries it finds, and most entries can be removed or disabled by HijackThis. Inexperienced users are often advised to exercise caution, or to seek help when using the latter option<ref name="bleep" />, as HijackThis does not discriminate between legitimate and unwanted items, with the exception of a small whitelist of legitimate entries — thus allowing a user to unintentionally prevent important programs from running, which may cause their system or its peripherals to stop working. HijackThis will, however, attempt to create backups of the files and registry entries it removes, which can be used to restore the system in the event of a mistake.

A common approach is to post the logfile to a [[Internet forum|forum]] where more experienced users will help decipher which entries need to be removed. Automated tools also exist that analyze saved logs and attempt to provide recommendations to the user, or to clean entries automatically<ref name="automated">{{cite web|url=http://www.hijackthis.de|title=HijackThis log analizer site|accessdate=2008-11-02|format=html}}</ref>. Use of such tools, however, is generally discouraged by those who specialize in manually dealing with HijackThis logs; they consider the tools to be potentially dangerous to inexperienced users, and neither accurate nor reliable enough to substitute for consulting with a trained human analyst.

Later versions of HijackThis include additional tools like a [[task manager]], [[hosts file]] editor and [[Fork (filesystem)|alternate data stream]] scanner.

== References ==
<references />

== External links ==
{{citation style|section}}
* [http://www.trendsecure.com/portal/en-US/threat_analytics/hijackthis.php Official site]
* [http://www.whatthetech.com/hijackthis HijackThis Quickstart]
* [http://hijackthis.pl/ Polish HijackThis site]

[[Category:Spyware removal]]
[[Category:Windows-only freeware]]

[[es:HijackThis]]
[[fr:HijackThis]]
[[it:HijackThis]]
[[nl:HijackThis]]
[[pl:HijackThis]]
[[pt:HijackThis]]
[[ro:HijackThis]]
[[ru:HijackThis]]
[[zh:HijackThis]]

HijackThis

2008-12-14T16:42:38Z

Securityadvisor:

{{Unreferenced|date=December 2006}}
{{Infobox_Software
|name = HijackThis
|logo = [[Image:HijackThis-logo.png|48px]]
|caption = HijackThis 2.0.2 screenshot
|screenshot = [[Image:HijackThis.png|250px]]
|developer = [[Trend Micro]]
|latest_release_version = 2.0.2
|latest_release_date = {{release date|2007|07|07}}
|operating_system = [[Microsoft Windows]]
|genre = [[Malware]] diagnostics & removal
|license = [[Freeware]]
|website = [http://www.trendsecure.com/portal/en-US/threat_analytics/hijackthis.php www.trendsecure.com]
}}

'''HijackThis''', sometimes abbreviated '''HJT''', is a [[freeware]] [[spyware]]-removal tool for [[Microsoft Windows]] originally created by [[Merijn Bellekom]], and later sold to [[Trend Micro]]<ref name="author">{{cite web|url=http://www.merijn.org/index.php|title=Website of HijackThis author [[Merijn Bellekom]]|accessdate=2008-11-02|format=html}}</ref>. The program is notable for taking a [[Heuristic (computer science)|heuristic]] approach to detecting [[malware]] - rather than relying on a [[database]] of known spyware, it quickly scans a user's computer, creates a list of differences from a known spyware-free environment and allows the user to decide what from the list needs to be removed. HijackThis is used primarily for diagnosis of spyware, as blind use of its removal facilities can cause significant software damage to a computer<ref name="bleep">{{cite web|url=http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/tutorials/tutorial42.html|title=HijackThis Tutorial|accessdate=2008-03-13|format=html}}</ref>.

==Use==
HijackThis can generate a [[plain text]] logfile detailing all entries it finds, and most entries can be removed or disabled by HijackThis. Inexperienced users are often advised to exercise caution, or to seek help when using the latter option<ref name="bleep" />, as HijackThis does not discriminate between legitimate and unwanted items, with the exception of a small whitelist of legitimate entries — thus allowing a user to unintentionally prevent important programs from running, which may cause their system or its peripherals to stop working. HijackThis will, however, attempt to create backups of the files and registry entries it removes, which can be used to restore the system in the event of a mistake.

A common approach is to post the logfile to a [[Internet forum|forum]] where more experienced users will help decipher which entries need to be removed. Automated tools also exist that analyze saved logs and attempt to provide recommendations to the user, or to clean entries automatically<ref name="automated">{{cite web|url=http://www.hijackthis.de|title=HijackThis log analizer site|accessdate=2008-11-02|format=html}}</ref>. Use of such tools, however, is generally discouraged by those who specialize in manually dealing with HijackThis logs; they consider the tools to be potentially dangerous to inexperienced users, and neither accurate nor reliable enough to substitute for consulting with a trained human analyst.

Later versions of HijackThis include additional tools like a [[task manager]], [[hosts file]] editor and [[Fork (filesystem)|alternate data stream]] scanner.

== References ==
<references />

== External links ==
{{citation style|section}}
* [http://www.trendsecure.com/portal/en-US/threat_analytics/hijackthis.php Official site]
* [http://www.whatthetech.com/hijackthis HijackThis Quickstart]
* [http://hijackthis.pl/ Polish HijackThis site]

[[Category:Spyware removal]]
[[Category:Windows-only freeware]]

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