Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

World Series Formel V8 3.5

2008-05-25T11:27:06Z

Scipius: add link to 2008 season

{{Unreferenced|date=January 2007}} 

{{Infobox motorsport championship
| logo = WSbR Logo.jpg
| pixels = 100
| caption =
| category = [[Formula Renault|Formula Renault 3.5]]
| inaugural = 2005
| drivers =
| teams =
| constructors = [[Dallara]]
| engines = [[Renault]]
| country/region = [[Europe]]
| folded =
| champion driver = {{flagicon|POR}} [[Álvaro Parente]]
| champion team = {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Tech 1 Racing]]
| website = [http://www.renault-sport.com/en/world_series/ renault-sport.com]
}}

[[Image:WorldSeriesByRenault.jpg|right|thumb|World Series by Renault at [[Donington Park]] in 2005.]]
The '''World Series by Renault''', formerly the '''World Series by Nissan''', is a [[motorsport]] single-seater series.

It was founded as ''Open Fortuna by Nissan'' in 1998, and was mostly based in [[Spain]], but visited other countries throughout its history, including France, Italy, Portugal and Brazil. The organization was handled by RPM Comunicacion. The series changed name a number of times, usually adopting the name of its main sponsor, but was also known by other common names such as the unofficial "Formula Nissan". In 2005, the series was integrated with [[Formula Renault V6 Eurocup]], and became World Series by Renault.

In its early years, the series used chassis built by [[Enzo Coloni Racing Car Systems|Coloni]], with a 2.0 L [[Nissan SR engine|Nissan SR20 engine]]. The series slotted in between [[Formula 3]] and [[Formula 3000]]. In 2002, it adopted a new format, with chassis supplied by [[Dallara]] and the engine upgraded to the [[Nissan VQ engine|VQ30]]. The series also became more international, with more than half of the race calendar held outside Spain.

Renault started the Formula Renault V6 Eurocup in 2003, as a support series in [[Eurosport]]'s Super Racing Weekends ([[European Touring Car Championship|ETCC]] and [[FIA GT Championship]]). The series ran with [[Tatuus]] chassis and a Renault 3.5 L V6 engine.

In 2005, Renault left the Super Racing Weekend and started the World Series by Renault, organized by [[Renault Sport]] and RPM with [[Formula Renault|Formula Renault 3.5]], merging both the World Series by Nissan (whose engine contract had finished) and Renault V6 Eurocup. The Dallara chassis was retained, while the Renault V6 was improved to 425 PS. [[Formula Renault 2000 Eurocup]] and the [[Renault Eurocup|Eurocup Mégane Trophy]] functioned as support races to the main series.

== Series Name & Champions ==
; Formula Nissan & World Series
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-style="background:#efefef"
!Year!!Series name!!Driver's Champion!! Team's Champion
|-style="background:#ffe0e0"
! [[1998 Euro Open by Nissan season|1998]]
| Open Fortuna by Nissan || {{flagicon|ESP}} [[Marc Gené]]
|-style="background:#ffe0e0"
! [[1999 Euro Open by Nissan season|1999]]
| Euro Open MoviStar by Nissan || {{flagicon|ESP}} [[Fernando Alonso]]
|-style="background:#ffe0e0"
! [[2000 Open Telefonica by Nissan season|2000]]
| Open Telefónica by Nissan || {{flagicon|ESP}} [[Antonio García (driver)|Antonio García]]
|-style="background:#ffe0e0"
! [[2001 Open Telefonica by Nissan season|2001]]
| Open Telefónica by Nissan || {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Franck Montagny]]
|-style="background:#faf0f0"
! [[2002 World Series by Nissan season|2002]]
| Telefónica World Series || {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Ricardo Zonta]] || {{flagicon|ESP}} [[Racing Engineering]]
|-style="background:#faf0f0"
! [[2003 World Series by Nissan season|2003]]
| Superfund World Series || {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Franck Montagny]] || {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Gabord Competition]]
|-style="background:#faf0f0"
! [[2004 World Series by Nissan season|2004]]
| World Series by Nissan || {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Heikki Kovalainen]] || {{flagicon|ESP}} [[Pons Racing]]
|-
! [[2005 World Series by Renault season|2005]]
| World Series by Renault || {{flagicon|POL}} [[Robert Kubica]] || {{flagicon|ESP}} [[Epsilon Euskadi]]
|-
! [[2006 World Series by Renault season|2006]]
| World Series by Renault || {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Alx Danielsson]] || {{flagicon|AUT}} [[Interwetten.com]]
|-
! [[2007 World Series by Renault season|2007]]
| World Series by Renault || {{flagicon|POR}} [[Álvaro Parente]] || {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Tech 1 Racing]]
|-
! [[2008 World Series by Renault season|2008]]
| World Series by Renault || Season in progress || Season in progress
|-
|}

Note: In dark-pink background, mainly Spanish-based series (also known as Formula Nissan) with 2.0 L engine. In light-pink background, international series with V6 engine.

; [[Eurocup Formula Renault V6]]

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-style="background:#efefef"
!Year!!Champion!!Team's Champion
|-
! [[2003 Formula Renault V6 Eurocup season|2003]]
| {{flagicon|ARG}} [[José María López]]
| {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Signature (racing team)|Signature]]
|-
! [[2004 Formula Renault V6 Eurocup season|2004]]
| {{flagicon|Switzerland}} [[Giorgio Mondini]]
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Eurointernational]]
|}

== Notable Drivers ==
; [[Formula One]] drivers in the future and/or past
* [[Marc Gené]] (1998: Champion, 2003: 12th), competed in [[Formula One]] for Minardi and Williams. Currently a Test Driver for [[Ferrari]].
* [[Fernando Alonso]] (1999: Champion), competed in [[Formula One]] for Minardi, Renault and McLaren. He is the 2005 and 2006 [[Formula One]] World Champion.*
* [[Giorgio Pantano]] (1999: 21st), competed in [[Formula One]] for Jordan.
* [[Franck Montagny]] (2001: Champion, 2002: 2nd, 2003: Champion}, test driver for Renault competed in [[Formula One]] for Super-Aguri.
* [[Ricardo Zonta]] (2002: Champion) - 1997 [[FIA GT Championship|FIA GT Champion]], competed in [[Formula One]] for BAR, Jordan and Toyota, and later became test driver for Renault.
* [[Justin Wilson]] (2002: 4th), competed in [[Formula One]] for Minardi and Jaguar. Went onto [[Champ Car]] with [[RuSPORT]] and [[Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing]]
* [[Narain Karthikeyan]] (2002: 9th, 2003: 4th, 2004: 6th), competed in [[Formula One]] for Jordan, and later became test driver for Williams
* [[Heikki Kovalainen]] (2003: 2nd, 2004: Champion), competed in [[Formula One]] for Renault and McLaren.*
* [[Enrique Bernoldi]] (2003: 6th, 2004: 3rd), competed in [[Formula One]] for [[Arrows]]. Went onto [[Champ Car]] with [[Rocketsports]].
* [[Stéphane Sarrazin]] (2003: 7th), competed in [[Formula One]] for Minardi.
* [[Tiago Monteiro]] (2004: 2nd), competed in [[Formula One]] for Jordan and Midland/Spyker. Currently competes in the WTCC
* [[Robert Kubica]] (2005: Champion), competed in [[Formula One]] for BMW.*
* [[Markus Winkelhock]] (2005: 3rd), competed in [[Formula One]] for Spyker (Nurburgring 2007). Currently competes in the [[DTM]].
* [[Sebastian Vettel]] (2006: 15th, 2007: 5th -1st after seven races, when withdrew to compete in F1-), competed in [[Formula One]] for BMW and Toro-Rosso.*

The * denotes drivers still active in [[Formula One]] as of April 5th 2008.

; [[Formula One]] test drivers
* [[Tomas Scheckter]] (2001: 2nd) - [[Jaguar Racing]] ([[2001 Formula One season|2001]])
* [[Bas Leinders]] (2002: 3rd, 2003: 3rd) - [[Minardi]] ([[2004 Formula One season|2004]])
* [[Giorgio Mondini]] (2007: no points) - [[Midland F1]] ([[2006 Formula One season|2006]])
* [[James Rossiter]] (2006: 13th) - [[Super Aguri]] ([[2007 Formula One season|2007]])
* [[Adrián Vallés]] (2004: 10th, 2005: 2nd)) - [[Spyker F1]] ([[2007 Formula One season|2007]])
* [[Giedo van der Garde]] (2007: 6th tied) - [[Spyker F1]] ([[2007 Formula One season|2007]])
* [[Fairuz Fauzy]] (2007: 10th) - [[Spyker F1]] ([[2007 Formula One season|2007]])
* [[Roldán Rodríguez]] (2004: 21th) - [[Spyker F1]] ([[2007 Formula One season|2007]])

; [[Formula Three]] Champions
* [[Jonathan Cochet]] (2001: 9th, 2002: 13th) - French Championship (2000)
* [[Ander Vilariño]] (2002: 8th, 2003: 8th, 2004: 12th) - Spanish Championship (2000 and 2001)
* [[Ryo Fukuda]] (2004: 15th, 2006: 16th) - French Championship (2001)
* [[Tristan Gommendy]] (2004: 5th, 2005: 4th, 2006: 19th) - French Championship (2002)
* [[Álvaro Parente]] (2007: Champion) - English Championship (2005)
* [[Ricardo Risatti]] (2007: no points) - Spanish Championship (2006)
* [[Salvador Durán]] (2007: 8th) - [[2005 British F3 Championship]]

; Champions in other categories
* [[Andy Priaulx]] (2001: 18th) - 2004 [[European Touring Car Championship]] (ETCC) Champion, 2005, 2006 and 2007 [[World Touring Car Championship]] (WTCC) World Champion
* [[Matteo Bobbi]] (2001: 11th, 2002: 6th) - 2003 [[FIA GT Championship|FIA GT Champion]]
* [[Filipe Albuquerque]] (2007: 4th) - 2006 [[Eurocup Formula Renault]] and [[Formula Renault 2.0 Northern European Cup|Formula Renault 2.0 NEC]]

== TV broadcasters ==
=== Live broadcasters ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! TV Network
! Language
|-
| {{flagicon|Argentina}} [[Argentina]]
| [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox Latin America]]
| [[Spanish language|Spanish]]
|-
| {{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Belgium]]
| [[BeTV]]
| [[French language|French]]
|-
| {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Brazil]]
| [[Multisports]]
| [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]

|-
| {{flagicon|Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina}} [[Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
| [[BHRT]]
| [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]]
|-
| {{flagicon|France}} [[France]]
| [[Sport+]]
| [[French language|French]]
|-
| {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Mexico]]
| [[Fox Broadcasting Company|SPEED Channel Latin America]]
| [[Spanish language|Spanish]]
|-
| {{flagicon|Serbia}} [[Serbia]]
| [[Radio Television of Serbia|RTS]]
| [[Serbian language|Serbian]]
|-
| {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russia]]
| [[All-Russia State Television and Radio Company|SPORT VGTRK]]
| [[Russian language|Russian]]
|-
| {{flagicon|Spain}} [[Spain]]
| [[Televisión Española|TVE]]
| [[Spanish language|Spanish]]
|}

=== Highlights-only broadcasters ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! TV Network
! Language(s)
|-
| {{flagicon|Singapore}} [[Singapore]]
| [[ESPN Star Sports|ESPN Star]]
| [[English language|English]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Korean language|Korean]] and [[Mandarin language|Mandarin]]
|-
| {{flagicon|UK}} [[United Kingdom]]
| [[Sky Sports]]
| [[English language|English]]
|-
| {{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[The Netherlands]]
| [[SBS 6]]
| [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
|}

==External links==
* [http://www.renault-sport.com/en/world_series/ Renault Sport: World Series by Renault]

[[Category:Formula racing series]]
[[Category:Formula Renault]]

[[bg:Световни серии на Рено]]
[[es:World Series by Renault]]
[[fr:World Series by Renault]]
[[it:World Series by Renault]]
[[nl:World Series by Renault]]
[[ja:フォーミュラ・ルノー3.5]]
[[pl:World Series by Renault]]
[[pt:World Series by Renault]]
[[ru:Мировая серия Рено]]
[[sv:World Series by Renault]]

Renault Sport Series

2008-05-25T11:27:06Z

Scipius: add link to 2008 season

Renault Sport Series

2008-05-25T11:27:06Z

Scipius: add link to 2008 season

Renault Sport Series

2008-05-25T11:27:06Z

Scipius: add link to 2008 season

Renault Sport Series

2008-05-25T11:27:06Z

Scipius: add link to 2008 season

Geusenwort

2008-05-17T10:18:01Z

Scipius:

Als '''Geusenwort''' (aus dem [[Niederländische Sprache|Niederländischen]]: ''Geuzennaam'') werden in der [[Linguistik]] Wörter bezeichnet, die ursprünglich eine Personengruppe beschimpfen sollten, von dieser aber positiv umgemünzt werden (siehe auch den Begriff [[Stigmatisierung|Stigma]]-Management von [[Erving Goffman]] und die Beispiele [[Ortsneckname]], [[Die Sieben Schwaben]]).

Beispiele für solche positiv umgedeuteten Schimpfwörter sind die Ausdrücke [[Nigger]], [[Yankee]], [[Queer]], und [[Krüppel]]. Der Ausdruck [[schwul]], ebenfalls ein zunächst von Betroffenen adaptiertes Schimpfwort, ist inzwischen in den allgemeinen positiven Sprachgebrauch übergegangen und hat lediglich in der Jugendsprache eine [[Pejoration|pejorative]] Bedeutung behalten.

=== Siehe auch ===
* [[Geusen]]
*[[Euphemismus-Tretmühle#Dysphemismus-Tretmühle|Dysphemismus-Tretmühle]]
*[[Ethnophaulismus]]
[[Kategorie:schimpfwort]]

[[en:Reappropriation#Linguistic_reappropriation]]
[[nl:Geuzennaam]]

Benutzer:Scipius

2008-04-19T13:22:14Z

Scipius:

[[en:User:Scipius]] [[nl:Gebruiker:Scipius]] [[fr:Utilisateur:Scipius]]

Nein, es gibt hier noch nicht viel zu sehen. Meine heutige Deutschkenntnisse sind meiner Meinung nach leider nicht genügend um für eine Enzyklopädie zu schreiben, aber ich mag gerne mal ein bisschen herum blättern durch die immer wachsende deutschsprachige Wikipedia.

Großer Preis von San Marino 1994

2007-04-28T10:30:32Z

Scipius:

{{featured article}}
{{F1 race report infobox
| Grand Prix = San Marino
| Date = May 1
| Year = 1994
| Race_No = 3
| Season_No = 16
| Official name = 14o [[San Marino Grand Prix|Gran Premio di San Marino]]
| Location = [[Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari]] [[Imola]], [[Emilia-Romagna]], [[Italy]]
| Course_mi = 3.065
| Course_km = 4.933
| Distance_laps = 58
| Distance_mi = 177.77
| Distance_km = 286.114
| Weather = Sunny
| Pole_Driver = [[Ayrton Senna]]
| Pole_Team = [[WilliamsF1|Williams]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]]
| Pole_Time = 1:21.548
| Pole_Country = Brazil
| Fast_Driver = {{flagicon|UK}} [[Damon Hill]]
| Fast_Team = [[WilliamsF1|Williams]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]]
| Fast_Time = 1:24.335
| Fast_Lap = 10
| First_Driver = [[Michael Schumacher]]
| First_Team = [[Benetton Formula|Benetton]]-[[Ford]]
| First_Country = Germany
| Second_Driver = [[Nicola Larini]]
| Second_Team = [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]]
| Second_Country= Italy
| Third_Driver = [[Mika Häkkinen]]
| Third_Team = [[McLaren]]-[[Peugeot]]
| Third_Country = Finland
}}
The '''1994 San Marino Grand Prix''' was a [[Formula One]] motor race held on [[May 1]], [[1994]] at the [[Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari]] in [[Imola]], [[Italy]]. It was the third race of the [[1994 Formula One season]], and the first race of the season to be held in [[Europe]]. The race weekend was marred by the deaths of Austrian [[Roland Ratzenberger]] and three-time world champion [[Ayrton Senna]] as well as numerous other accidents and injuries, and was described by [[BBC Television]] commentator [[Murray Walker]] as "the blackest day for Grand Prix racing that I can remember".<ref name="BBConthisday">{{cite news | title = Race ace Senna killed in car crash | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/1/newsid_2479000/2479971.stm | publisher = BBC News | date = 1994-05-01 | accessdate = 2006-10-28}}</ref>

[[Michael Schumacher]] eventually won the race. In the press conference following the race, Schumacher said that he "couldn't feel satisfied, couldn't feel happy" with his win following the events that had occurred during the race weekend. [[Nicola Larini]] scored the first points of his career when he obtained a podium finish in second position. [[Mika Häkkinen]] finished third.

The race led to an increased emphasis on safety in the sport. It led to the reforming of the Grand Prix Drivers' Association, and the changing of many track layouts and car designs. Since the race, numerous regulation changes have been made to slow Formula One cars down and new [[Race track|circuits]], such as [[Bahrain International Circuit]], incorporate large run-off areas to slow cars before they collide with a wall. The [[HANS device]], a piece of equipment that provides head and neck support in the event of an accident, has since became mandatory.

Senna was given a state funeral in his home country of [[Brazil]], where around 500,000 people lined the streets to watch the coffin pass. Italian prosecutors charged six people with manslaughter in connection with [[Death of Ayrton Senna|Senna's death]], all of whom were later acquitted. The case took over 11 years to conclude due to an appeal and a retrial following the original not guilty verdict.

== Report ==
=== Qualifying ===
[[Image:Barrichello Crop Face.JPG|123px|thumb|right|Senna's protegé, [[Rubens Barrichello]] survived the first accident of the weekend.]]
On Friday, [[April 29]], during the first qualifying session to determine the starting order for the race,<ref>{{cite news | first = Andrew | last = Longmore | title = Ayrton Senna: The Last Hours | url = http://www.cstudio.net/may194.html | work = The Times | publisher = News International | date = 1994-10-31 | accessdate = 2006-10-28}}</ref> [[Rubens Barrichello]]'s Jordan car hit a kerb at the ''Variante Bassa'' corner at 140 [[miles per hour|mph]] (225 [[Kilometres per hour|km/h]]), launching him into the air.<ref name="hamiltonbook">{{cite book | last = Hamilton | first = Maurice | authorlink = | coauthors = | editor = | others = | title = Frank Williams | accessdate = | edition = | date = | publisher = Macmillan | location = | id = ISBN 0-333-71716-3 | pages = 232}}</ref> He hit the top of the tyre barrier, and was knocked unconscious. His Jordan rolled several times after landing before coming to rest upside down. Medical teams treated him at the crash site, and he was taken to the medical centre. He returned to the race meeting the next day, although his broken nose and a plaster cast on his arm forced him to sit out the rest of the race weekend. Ten years after the incident [[Damon Hill]], who drove for the [[WilliamsF1|Williams-Renault]] team at the time, described the feeling after the crash: "We all brushed ourselves off and carried on qualifying, reassured that our cars were tough as tanks and we could be shaken but not hurt."<ref name="damonhill">{{cite news | first = Damon | last = Hill | title = Had Ayrton foreseen his death? | url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,12771-1077121,00.html | work = The Times | publisher = News International | date = 2004-04-17 | accessdate = 2006-10-28}}</ref>

Twenty minutes into the final qualifying session, [[Roland Ratzenberger]] lost control of his [[Simtek]] car while approaching the ''Villeneuve curva''. He hit the concrete barrier wall, and although the survival cell remained largely intact, the force of the impact broke his neck. Ratzenberger, in his first season as a Formula One driver, had been travelling at 190 mph (306 km/h) when the front wing of his car broke off after hitting a kerb on the previous lap. [[Image:San Marino 1994 Villeneuve.svg|150px|thumb|left|Villeneuve curva, the location of Ratzenberger's crash]]The session was stopped and the remaining 40 minutes were eventually cancelled.<ref name="damonhill" /><ref name="hamiltonbook"/> Later in hospital it was announced that he had succumbed to his multiple injuries. His death marked the first Formula One race weekend fatality since the [[1982 Canadian Grand Prix]] when [[Riccardo Paletti]] was killed. It had been eight years since [[Elio de Angelis]] died testing a [[Brabham]] car at the [[Paul Ricard]] circuit. Professor [[Sid Watkins]], then head of the Formula One on-track medical team, recalled in his memoirs [[Ayrton Senna]]'s reaction to the news, stating that "Ayrton broke down and cried on my shoulder".<ref name="Hamilton234">{{cite book | last = Hamilton | first = Maurice | authorlink = | coauthors = | editor = | others = | title = Frank Williams | accessdate = | edition = | date = | publisher = Macmillan | location = | id = ISBN 0-333-71716-3 | pages = 234}}</ref> Watkins tried to persuade Senna not to race the following day, asking "What else do you need to do? You have been world champion three times, you are obviously the quickest driver. Give it up and let's go fishing", but Ayrton was insistent, saying, "Sid, there are certain things over which we have no control. I cannot quit, I have to go on."<ref name="Hamilton234" />

Senna had qualified on [[pole position]], ahead of championship leader [[Michael Schumacher]]. [[Gerhard Berger]] qualified in 3rd, and Senna's team-mate [[Damon Hill]] started from fourth position. A time Ratzenberger had posted before his fatal crash would have been sufficient for entry into the race starting from the 26th and final position on the grid.[[Image:Senna imola89.jpg|150px|right|thumb|The death of three-time world champion [[Ayrton Senna]] during the race permanently changed the sport.]]

=== Race ===
==== 1st-Start ====
At the start of the race, [[J.J. Lehto]] stalled his Benetton on the grid. [[Pedro Lamy]], starting from further back on the grid, had his view of the stationary Benetton blocked by other cars and hit the back of Lehto's car, causing bodywork and tyres to fly into the air. Parts of the car went over the safety fencing designed to protect spectators at the startline causing minor injuries to nine people.<ref name="Times tragic">{{cite news | title = A tragic weekend | url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,12771-1079325,00.html | work = The Times | publisher = News International | date = 2004-04-19 | accessdate = 2006-10-28}}</ref> The incident caused the [[safety car]] to be deployed, with all the remaining competitors holding position behind it while travelling at a reduced speed. During this period, as a result of travelling at slower speeds, tyre temperatures dropped. At the drivers' briefing before the race, Senna, along with [[Gerhard Berger]], had expressed concern that the safety car did not go fast enough to keep tyre temperatures high.<ref name="Times tragic"/> Once the track was reported clear of debris, the safety car was withdrawn and the race restarted with a [[rolling start]]. Two laps after the restart, with Ayrton Senna leading from Michael Schumacher, Senna's car left the road at the ''Tamburello corner'', and after slowing from 190 mph (306 km/h) to 131 mph (211 km/h), hit the concrete wall. [[Image:San_Marino_1994_Tamburello.svg|220px|thumb|left|Tamburello corner, the location of Senna's crash.]] At 2:17pm local time, a red flag was shown to indicate the race was stopped and Sid Watkins arrived at the scene to treat Senna. When a race is stopped under a red flag cars must slow down and make their way back into the pit lane until further notice. This protects [[Marshal#Racing and other competitions|race marshals]] and medical staff at the crash scene, and allows easier access for medical cars to the incident. The [[Larrousse]] team mistakenly<ref name="autosport">{{cite news | first = | last = | title =TITLE REQUIRED | work = Autosport | publisher = | pages = | page = | date = 1994-05-05 | accessdate = }}</ref> allowed one of their drivers, [[Érik Comas]], to leave the pits despite the circuit being closed under red flags. Marshals frantically waved him down as he approached the scene of the accident travelling at "pretty much full speed".<ref name="Eurosport">{{cite video | people =Watson, John (Commentator) | year = 1994 | title = Eurosport Live Grand Prix | medium = Television | location = | publisher =Eurosport}}</ref> Eurosport commentator John Watson described the incident as "the most ridiculous thing I have ever seen at any time in my life".<ref name="Eurosport" /> Comas avoided hitting any of the people or cars that were on the circuit but withdrew from the race. The pictures shown of Senna being treated on the world feed (supplied by host broadcaster [[RAI]]) were very graphic, and the BBC switched to their own camera focused on the pit lane.<ref>{{cite news | first = Roger | last = Horton | title = There's Something about Murray | url = http://atlasf1.autosport.com/2000/dec20/horton.html | work = Autosport | publisher = | date = 2000 | accessdate = 2006-10-28}}</ref> Senna was lifted from the wrecked Williams and airlifted to Maggiore Hospital in nearby [[Bologna]]. Medical teams continued to treat him during the flight. 37 minutes after the crash, at 2:55pm local time, the race was restarted.[[Image:Senna accident.jpg|thumb|right|Senna's Williams hits the wall at Tamburello.]]

==== 2nd-Start ====
The results of the restarted race would be determined by the aggregate results of the aborted first race and the second race. From the restart, Gerhard Berger took the lead on track but Schumacher still led the race overall due to the amount of time he was ahead of Berger before the race was stopped. Schumacher took the lead on track on lap 12, and four laps later, Berger retired from the race with handling problems. Larini briefly took the lead as Schumacher [[Pit stop|pitted]] but the order was restored when Larini took his own pit stop.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr551.html| title = Grand Prix Results: San Marino GP, 1994| accessdate = 2006-10-28| date = | work = GP Encyclopedia| publisher = www.grandprix.com}}</ref>

Ten laps from the finish the rear-right wheel came loose from [[Michele Alboreto]]'s Minardi as it left the pit lane, leaving two Ferrari and two Lotus mechanics needing hospital treatment.<ref>{{cite video | people = Rider, Steve (Presenter) | year = 1994 | title = San Marino Grand Prix | medium = Television | location = London, United Kingdom | publisher =BBC}}</ref>

Michael Schumacher won the race ahead of Nicola Larini and Mika Häkkinen, giving him a maximum 30 points after 3 rounds of the [[1994 Formula One season]]. It was the only podium finish of Larini's career, and the first of just two occasions when he obtained world championship points. At the podium ceremony, out of respect for Roland Ratzenberger and Ayrton Senna, no champagne was sprayed.

=== Post-Race ===
Two hours and 20 minutes after Schumacher crossed the finish line, at 6:40pm local time, Dr. Maria Theresa Fiandri announced that Ayrton Senna had died. The official time of death was given, however, as 2:17pm local time, meaning that Senna had been killed instantly.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.ayrton-senna.com/s-files/newsfle5.html | title = Secrets of Senna's black box| accessdate = 2006-10-28| date = 1997-03-18| work = Senna Files| publisher = www.ayrton-senna.com}}</ref> The cause of death established by an autopsy was that a piece of the car's suspension pierced his helmet and skull.<ref>{{cite news | first = Ian | last = Thomsen | title = Williams Says Italy May Cite Steering In Senna's Death | url = http://www.iht.com/articles/1995/02/11/prix_0.php | work = International Herald Tribune | publisher = | date = 1995-02-11| accessdate = 2006-10-28
}}</ref>

The 1994 Imola layout, which had been in place since 1981,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.gpracing.net192.com/circuits/45.cfm| title = Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari - Imola| accessdate = 2006-10-28 | date = | work = | publisher = www.gpracing.net192.com}}</ref> was never again used for a Formula One race. The circuit was heavily modified following the race, including a change at Tamburello - also the scene of major accidents for [[Gerhard Berger]] (1989) and [[Nelson Piquet]] (1987) - from a high speed corner to a much slower [[chicane]]. The FIA also changed the regulations governing Formula One car design, to the extent that the 1995 regulations required all teams to create completely new designs, as their 1994 cars could not be adapted to them.<ref>{{cite news | first = Peter | last = Wright | title = Preview of 1995 Formula1 Cars | url = http://www.grandprix.com/ft/ft00187.htm | work = | publisher = www.grandprix.com | date = 1995 | accessdate = 2006-10-28}}</ref> The concern raised at the drivers briefing the morning of the race, by Senna and Berger, would lead to the reforming of the [[Grand Prix Drivers' Association]] at the following race, the [[1994 Monaco Grand Prix]]. The GPDA, which was originally founded in 1961, had previously disbanded in 1982. The primary purpose of it reforming was to allow drivers to discuss safety issues with a view to improve standards following the incidents at Imola. The front two grid slots at the Monaco Grand Prix that year, which were painted with Brazilian and Austrian flags, were left clear in memory of the two drivers who had lost their lives. Additionally, a moment of silence was observed before the race.

[[Image:GrandPrix Circuit San Marino Changes.svg|thumb|left|220px|The layout of the circuit was changed after the two fatal accidents at the 1994 event.]]
Senna was given a [[state funeral]] in [[São Paulo]], [[Brazil]] on [[May 5]] [[1994]]. Approximately 500,000 people lined the streets to watch the coffin pass.<ref name="BBConthisday"/> Senna's rival [[Alain Prost]] was among the pallbearers.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.gpracing.net192.com/drivers/prost-senna.cfm| title = Open Warfare| accessdate = 2006-10-28| date = | work = | publisher = www.gpracing.net192.com}}</ref> The majority of the Formula One community attended Senna's funeral; however the president of the sport's governing body, the FIA, [[Max Mosley]] attended the funeral of Ratzenberger instead which took place on [[May 7]] [[1994]] in [[Salzburg]], [[Austria]].<ref>{{cite news | title = Track Topics | author = David Tremayne, Mark Skewis, Stuart Williams, Paul Fearnley | work = Motoring News | publisher = News Publications Ltd. | date = 1994-04-05}}</ref> Mosley said in a press conference ten years later, "I went to his funeral because everyone went to Senna's. I thought it was important that somebody went to his."<ref>{{cite news | title = Max went to Roland's funeral | url = http://www.f1racing.net/en/news.php?newsID=48657 | work = | publisher = www.f1racing.net | date = 2004-04-23 | accessdate = 2006-10-28}}</ref>

Italian prosecutors brought legal proceedings against six people in connection with [[Death of Ayrton Senna|Senna's death]]. They were [[Frank Williams]], [[Patrick Head]] and [[Adrian Newey]] of [[WilliamsF1|Williams]]; Fedrico Bendinelli representing the owners of the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari; Giorgio Poggi as the circuit director and Roland Bruynserarde who was race director and sanctioned the circuit.<ref>{{cite book | last = Hamilton | first = Maurice | authorlink = | coauthors = | editor = | others = | title = Frank Williams | accessdate = | edition = | date = | publisher = Macmillan | location = | id = ISBN 0-333-71716-3 | pages = 276}}</ref> The trial verdict was given on [[December 16]] [[1997]], clearing all six defendants of manslaughter charges.<ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.ayrton-senna.com/s-files/newsfl10.html | title =All six cleared in Senna trial | accessdate = 2006-10-28| date =1997-12-16 | work = Senna Files| publisher = www.ayrton-senna.com}}</ref> The cause of Senna's accident was established by the court as the steering column breaking.<ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.ayrton-senna.com/s-files/trialidx.html | title =Faulty Steering Caused Crash!| accessdate = 2006-10-28| date = |work = Senna Files| publisher = www.ayrton-senna.com}}</ref> The column had been cut and [[welding|welded]] back together at Senna's request in order for him to be more comfortable in the car.

Following the court's decision, an appeal was lodged by the state prosecutor against Patrick Head and Adrian Newey. On [[November 22]] [[1999]], the appeal absolved Head and Newey of all charges, stating that no new evidence had come to light (there was missing data from the black box recorder on Senna's car due to damage, and 1.6 seconds of video from the onboard camera of Senna's car was unavailable because the broadcaster switched to another car's camera just before the accident), and so under Article 530 of the Italian Penal Code, the accusation had to be declared as "non-existent or the fact doesn't subsist".<ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.ayrton-senna.com/s-files/apelindx.html | title =Appeal absolves Head and Newey | accessdate = 2006-10-28| date = |work = Senna Files| publisher = www.ayrton-senna.com}}</ref> This appeal result was annulled in January 2003, as the judges believed that Article 530 was misinterpreted.<ref>{{cite news | title = Senna death case back in court | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/formula_one/2701713.stm | work = | publisher = BBC Sport | date = 2003-01-28 | accessdate = 2006-10-28}}</ref> A retrial was ordered and on [[May 27]] [[2005]], Head and Newey were both acquitted.<ref>{{cite news | title = Top designers acquitted on Senna | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/formula_one/4587195.stm | work = | publisher = BBC Sport | date = 2005-05-27 | accessdate = 2006-10-28}}</ref>

== Classification ==
=== Qualifying ===
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%"
|-
! Pos !! No !! Driver !! Team !! Lap !! Gap
|-
! 1
| 2
| [[Image:Flag of Brazil.svg|25px]] [[Ayrton Senna]]
| [[WilliamsF1|Williams]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]]
| 1:21.548
|align="center"| —
|-
! 2
| 5
| [[Image:Flag of Germany.svg|25px]] [[Michael Schumacher]]
| [[Benetton Formula|Benetton]]-[[Ford]]
| 1:21.885
| +0.337
|-
! 3
| 28
| [[Image:Flag of Austria.svg|25px]] [[Gerhard Berger]]
| [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]]
| 1:22.113
| +0.565
|-
! 4
| 0
| [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|25px]] [[Damon Hill]]
| [[WilliamsF1|Williams]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]]
| 1:22.168
| +0.620
|-
! 5
| 6
| [[Image:Flag of Finland.svg|25px]] [[Jyrki Järvilehto]]
| [[Benetton Formula|Benetton]]-[[Ford]]
| 1:22.717
| +1.169
|-
! 6
| 27
| [[Image:Flag of Italy.svg|25px]] [[Nicola Larini]]
| [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]]
| 1:22.841
| +1.293
|-
! 7
| 30
| [[Image:Flag_of_Germany.svg|25px]] [[Heinz-Harald Frentzen]]
| [[Sauber|Sauber-Mercedes]]
| 1:23.119
| +1.571
|-
! 8
| 7
| [[Image:Flag of Finland.svg|25px]] [[Mika Häkkinen]]
| [[McLaren|McLaren-Peugeot]]
| 1:23.140
| +1.592
|-
! 9
| 3
| [[Image:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]] [[Ukyo Katayama]]
| [[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell-Yamaha]]
| 1:23.322
| +1.774
|-
! 10
| 29
| [[Image:Flag_of_Austria.svg|25px]] [[Karl Wendlinger]]
| [[Sauber|Sauber-Mercedes]]
| 1:23.347
| +1.799
|-
! 11
| 10
| [[Image:Flag of Italy.svg|25px]] [[Gianni Morbidelli]]
| [[Footwork Arrows|Footwork]]-[[Ford]]
| 1:23.663
| +2.115
|-
! 12
| 4
| [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|25px]] [[Mark Blundell]]
| [[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell-Yamaha]]
| 1:23.703
| +2.155
|-
! 13
| 8
| [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|25px]] [[Martin Brundle]]
| [[McLaren|McLaren-Peugeot]]
| 1:23.858
| +2.310
|-
! 14
| 23
| [[Image:Flag of Italy.svg|25px]] [[Pierluigi Martini]]
| [[Minardi]]-[[Ford]]
| 1:24.078
| +2.530
|-
! 15
| 24
| [[Image:Flag of Italy.svg|25px]] [[Michele Alboreto]]
| [[Minardi]]-[[Ford]]
| 1:24.276
| +2.728
|-
! 16
| 9
| [[Image:Flag of Brazil.svg|25px]] [[Christian Fittipaldi]]
| [[Footwork Arrows|Footwork]]-[[Ford]]
| 1:24.472
| +2.924
|-
! 17
| 25
| [[Image:Flag of France.svg|25px]] [[Éric Bernard]]
| [[Ligier]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]]
| 1:24.678
| +3.130
|-
! 18
| 20
| [[Image:Flag of France.svg|25px]] [[Érik Comas]]
| [[Larrousse]]-[[Ford]]
| 1:24.852
| +3.304
|-
! 19
| 26
| [[Image:Flag of France.svg|25px]] [[Olivier Panis]]
| [[Ligier]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]]
| 1:24.996
| +3.448
|-
! 20
| 12
| [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|25px]] [[Johnny Herbert]]
| [[Team Lotus|Lotus]]-[[Mugen-Honda]]
| 1:25.114
| +3.566
|-
! 21
| 15
| [[Image:Flag of Italy.svg|25px]] [[Andrea de Cesaris]]
| [[Jordan Grand Prix|Jordan]]-[[Hart (racing)|Hart]]
| 1:25.234
| +3.686
|-
! 22
| 11
| [[Image:Flag of Portugal.svg|25px]] [[Pedro Lamy]]
| [[Team Lotus|Lotus]]-[[Mugen-Honda]]
| 1:25.295
| +3.747
|-
! 23
| 19
| [[Image:Flag of Monaco.svg|25px]] [[Olivier Beretta]]
| [[Larrousse]]-[[Ford]]
| 1:25.991
| +4.443
|-
! 24
| 31
| [[Image:Flag of Australia.svg|25px]] [[David Brabham]]
| [[Simtek]]-[[Ford]]
| 1:26.817
| +5.269
|-
! 25
| 34
| [[Image:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg|25px]] [[Bertrand Gachot]]
| [[Pacific Racing|Pacific]]-[[Ilmor]]
| 1:27.143
| +5.595
|-
! 26
| 32
| [[Image:Flag of Austria.svg|25px]] [[Roland Ratzenberger]]
| [[Simtek]]-[[Ford]]
| 1:27.584
| +6.036
|-
! 27
| 33
| [[Image:Flag_of_France.svg|25px]] [[Paul Belmondo]]
| [[Pacific Racing|Pacific]]-[[Ilmor]]
| 1:27.881
| +6.333
|-
! 28
| 14
| [[Image:Flag of Brazil.svg|25px]] [[Rubens Barrichello]]
| [[Jordan Grand Prix|Jordan]]-[[Hart (racing)|Hart]]
|align="center"| —
|align="center"| —
|}

=== Race ===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%"
|-
! Pos !! No !! Driver !! Team !! Laps !! Time/Retired !! Grid !! Points
|-
! 1
| 5
| {{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Michael Schumacher]]'''
| '''[[Benetton Formula|Benetton]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]'''
| 58
| 1'28:29.3
| 2
| '''10'''
|-
! 2
| 27
| {{flagicon|Italy}} '''[[Nicola Larini]]'''
| '''[[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]]'''
| 58
| +54.942 secs
| 6
| '''6'''
|-
! 3
| 7
| {{flagicon|Finland}} '''[[Mika Häkkinen]]'''
| '''[[McLaren]]-[[Peugeot]]'''
| 58
| +70.679 secs
| 8
| '''4'''
|-
! 4
| 29
| {{flagicon|Austria}} '''[[Karl Wendlinger]]'''
| '''[[Sauber]]-[[Mercedes-Benz|Mercedes]]'''
| 58
| +73.658 secs
| 10
| '''3'''
|-
! 5
| 3
| {{flagicon|Japan}} '''[[Ukyo Katayama]]'''
| '''[[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell]]-[[Yamaha Motor Corporation|Yamaha]]'''
| 57
| +1 lap
| 9
| '''2'''
|-
! 6
| 0
| {{flagicon|UK}} '''[[Damon Hill]]'''
| '''[[WilliamsF1|Williams]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]]'''
| 57
| +1 lap
| 4
| '''1'''
|-
! 7
| 30
| {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Heinz-Harald Frentzen]]
| [[Sauber]]-[[Mercedes-Benz|Mercedes]]
| 57
| +1 lap
| 7
|
|-
! 8
| 8
| {{flagicon|UK}} [[Martin Brundle]]
| [[McLaren]]-[[Peugeot]]
| 57
| +1 lap
| 13
|
|-
! 9
| 4
| {{flagicon|UK}} [[Mark Blundell]]
| [[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell]]-[[Yamaha Motor Corporation|Yamaha]]
| 56
| +2 laps
| 12
|
|-
! 10
| 12
| {{flagicon|UK}} [[Johnny Herbert]]
| [[Team Lotus|Lotus]]-[[Mugen-Honda]]
| 56
| +2 laps
| 20
|
|-
! 11
| 26
| {{flagicon|France}} [[Olivier Panis]]
| [[Ligier]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]]
| 56
| +2 laps
| 19
|
|-
! 12
| 25
| {{flagicon|France}} [[Éric Bernard]]
| [[Ligier]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]]
| 55
| +3 laps
| 17
|
|-
! 13
| 9
| {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Christian Fittipaldi]]
| [[Footwork Arrows|Footwork]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]
| 54
| Spun off
| 16
|
|-
! Ret
| 15
| {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Andrea de Cesaris]]
| [[Jordan Grand Prix|Jordan]]-[[Hart (racing)|Hart]]
| 49
| Spun off
| 21
|
|-
! Ret
| 24
| {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Michele Alboreto]]
| [[Minardi]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]
| 44
| Wheel
| 15
|
|-
! Ret
| 10
| {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Gianni Morbidelli]]
| [[Footwork Arrows|Footwork]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]
| 40
| Engine
| 11
|
|-
! Ret
| 23
| {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Pierluigi Martini]]
| [[Minardi]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]
| 37
| Spun off
| 14
|
|-
! Ret
| 31
| {{flagicon|Australia}} [[David Brabham]]
| [[Simtek]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]
| 27
| Spun off
| 24
|
|-
! Ret
| 34
| {{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Bertrand Gachot]]
| [[Pacific Racing|Pacific]]-[[Ilmor]]
| 23
| Engine
| 25
|
|-
! Ret
| 19
| {{flagicon|Monaco}} [[Olivier Beretta]]
| [[Larrousse]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]
| 17
| Engine
| 23
|
|-
! Ret
| 28
| {{flagicon|Austria}} [[Gerhard Berger]]
| [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]]
| 16
| Suspension
| 3
|
|-
! Ret
| 2
| {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Ayrton Senna]]
| [[WilliamsF1|Williams]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]]
| 5
| Fatal accident
| 1
|
|-
! Ret
| 20
| {{flagicon|France}} [[Érik Comas]]
| [[Larrousse]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]
| 5
| Vibrations
| 18
|
|-
! Ret
| 6
| {{flagicon|Finland}} [[Jyrki Järvilehto]]
| [[Benetton Formula|Benetton]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]
| 0
| Accident
| 5
|
|-
! Ret
| 11
| {{flagicon|Portugal}} [[Pedro Lamy]]
| [[Team Lotus|Lotus]]-[[Mugen-Honda]]
| 0
| Accident
| 22
|
|-
! DNS
| 32
| {{flagicon|Austria}} [[Roland Ratzenberger]]
| [[Simtek]]-[[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]
|
| Fatal accident during qualifying
| 26
|
|-
! DNQ
| 14
| {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Rubens Barrichello]]
| [[Jordan Grand Prix|Jordan]]-[[Hart (racing)|Hart]]
|
| Accident during practice
| -
|
|-
! DNQ
| 33
| {{flagicon|France}} [[Paul Belmondo]]
| [[Pacific Racing|Pacific]]-[[Ilmor]]
|
|
| -
|
|}

== Notes ==
{| class="toccolours" style="width: 20em; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; float:right; text-align:center; font-size: 90%;"
|| [[Image:Portal.svg|36px|Portal]]
|| '''''[[Portal:Formula One|Formula One portal]]'''''
|}
*[[Fastest lap]]: Damon Hill 1m 24.335s

==Footnotes==
<div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
<references/>
</div>

==See also==
* [[Death of Ayrton Senna]]

==External links==
{{Spoken Wikipedia|1994_San_Marino_Grand_Prix.ogg|2007-02-25}}
*[http://www.cineca.it/sap/senna.htm Video of Senna's crash used in the Italian court case]
*[http://atlasf1.autosport.com/99/dec15/lupini.html AtlasF1's 'The Races we Remember' Series:The 1990s]

{{F1 race report
| Name_of_race = [[San Marino Grand Prix]]
| Year_of_race = 1994
| Previous_race_in_season = [[1994 Pacific Grand Prix]]
| Next_race_in_season = [[1994 Monaco Grand Prix]]
| Previous_year's_race = [[1993 San Marino Grand Prix]]
| Next_year's_race = [[1995 San Marino Grand Prix]]
}}



[[Category:1994 Formula One race reports|San Marino Grand Prix]]
[[Category:San Marino Grand Prix]]

[[ca:Gran Premi de San Marino de 1994]]
[[es:Gran Premio de San Marino de 1994]]
[[fr:Grand Prix automobile de Saint-Marin 1994]]
[[pt:Grande Prêmio de San Marino de 1994 (Fórmula 1)]]
[[ru:Гран-при Сан-Марино 1994 года]]
[[sl:Velika nagrada San Marina 1994]]
[[fi:San Marinon Grand Prix 1994]]
[[sv:San Marinos Grand Prix 1994]]

Universität Maastricht

2003-06-15T22:40:55Z

Scipius: edit

=== Allgemeine Informationen ===
* Studenten: ca. 11.000
* Angestellte: ca. 3.000
* Gründung: 1976
* staatliche Universität

=== Geschichte ===
[[1976]] gegründet, ist die Universität Maastricht in [[Maastricht]] eine der jüngsten der [[Niederlande]]. Besondere Bekanntheit erlangte sie durch ihr Problem Based Learning (PBL) System. Aufgrund der Lage Maastrichts entschied sich die Universität für eine internationale Ausrichtung. So werden viele Studiengänge sowohl in Niederländisch, als auch in Englisch angeboten. Im Beispiel der Wirtschaftswissenschaften auch nur noch auf Englisch. Aufgrund dieser internationalen Ausrichtung wird man Studenten aller Nationalitäten anfinden. Besonders hoch ist der Anteil der deutschen Studenten.

=== Fakultäten ===
* Wirtschaftswissenschaften
** englisch: Economics and Business Administration
** seit 2002/2003: Bachelor (3 Jahre) / Master (1-2 Jahre) Programm
*** Economics
*** Econometrics
*** International Business Studies
*** Fiiscal Economics
** Website: http://www.fdewb.unimaas.nl/

* Kunst und Kultur
** englisch: Art and culture

* Rechtswissenschaften
** englisch: Law

* Psychologie
** englisch: Psychology

* Medizin
** englisch: Medicine

* Allgemeine Wissenschaften
** englisch: General Scienes

* Gesundsheitswissenschaften
** englisch: Health Sciences
** 1980 gegründet
** ca. 2500 Studenten

=== Informationen für deutsche Studenten ===
Im Gegensatz zu Deutschland ist das Studium in den Niederlanden nicht kostenlos. Im Jahr fallen ca. 1300 euro Studiengebühren an. Jedoch bekommen deutsche Studenten von der Informatie Beheer Group ca. 2/3 des Geldes zurückerstattet. Alternativ dazu kann man eine Studienfinanzierung beim Staat beantragen. Allerdings muss der Student dafür mindestens 8 Stunden die Woche in den Niederlanden arbeiten.

=== Weblinks ===
* Universität: http://www.unimaas.nl/
* Biblithek: http://www.ub.unimaas.nl/
* Student Service Center: http://www.ssc.unimaas.nl/

Benutzer:Scipius

2002-10-09T22:08:52Z

Scipius:

[[en:User:Scipius]] [[nl:Gebruiker:Scipius]]

Nein, es gibt hier noch nicht viel zu sehen. Meine heutige Deutschkenntnisse sind meiner Meinung nach leider nicht genügend um für eine Enzyklopädie zu schreiben, aber ich mag gerne mal ein bisschen herum blättern durch die immer wachsende deutschsprachige Wikipedia.

Euromünzen

2002-10-06T18:28:42Z

Scipius: nl:, tabelle

[[en:Euro coins]][[eo:Euxro-moneroj]][[nl:Euromunten]]
Der [[Euro]] ('''EUR''' oder '''€''') ist die gemeinsame [[Währung]] der meisten Länder der [[Europäische Union|Europäischen Union]]. '''Euromünzen''' und -[[banknote]]n (siehe [[Eurobanknoten]]) wurden am [[1. Januar]] [[2002]] eingeführt, aber das Jahr, das den Münzen eingeprägt ist, kann bis [[1999]] zurückgehen, also dem Jahr in dem die Währung offiziell eingeführt wurde.

Ein Euro wird eingeteilt in 100 Cent und es gibt acht Nennwerte:

<table border="1" cellspacing="0">
<caption>'''Beschreibung des Euro-Münzgeldes'''</caption>
<tr>
<th style="background:#efefef;">Nennwert</th>
<th style="background:#efefef;">Durchmesser</th>
<th style="background:#efefef;">Dicke </th>
<th style="background:#efefef;">Gewicht</th>
<th style="background:#efefef;">Zusammensetzung</th>
<th style="background:#efefef;">Rand</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">'''1 cent | 0,01 €'''</td>
<td><center>16.25 mm</center></td>
<td><center>1.67 mm</center></td>
<td><center>2.30 g</center></td>
<td>Stahl mit Kupferüberzug</td>
<td>glatt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">'''2 cent | 0,02 €'''</td>
<td><center>18.75 mm</center></td>
<td><center>1.67 mm</center></td>
<td><center>3.06 g</center></td>
<td>Stahl mit Kupferüberzug</td>
<td>glatt mit umlaufender Rille</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">'''5 cent | 0,05 €'''</td>
<td><center>21.25 mm</center></td>
<td><center>1.67 mm</center></td>
<td><center>3.92 g</center></td>
<td>Stahl mit Kupferüberzug</td>
<td>glatt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>'''10 cent | 0,10 €'''</td>
<td><center>19.75 mm</center></td>
<td><center>1.93 mm</center></td>
<td><center>4.10 g</center></td>
<td>Kupferlegierung (Nordisches Gold)</td>
<td>Wellenstruktur (gerippter Rand) (Spanische Blume)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>'''20 cent | 0,20 €'''</td>
<td><center>22.25 mm</center></td>
<td><center>2.14 mm</center></td>
<td><center>5.74 g</center></td>
<td>Kupferlegierung (Nordisches Gold)</td>
<td>glatt mit sieben Einbuchtungen</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>'''50 cent | 0,50 €'''</td>
<td><center>24.25 mm</center></td>
<td><center>2.38 mm</center></td>
<td><center>7.80 g</center></td>
<td>Kupferlegierung (Nordisches Gold)</td>
<td>Wellenstruktur (gerippter Rand)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">'''1 euro | 1,00 €'''</td>
<td><center>23.25 mm</center></td>
<td><center>2.33 mm</center></td>
<td><center>7.50 g</center></td>
<td>Innen: Kupfer-Nickel Legierung Außen: Nickel-Messing</td>
<td>Sechs abwechselnde Segmente, drei glatt, drei fein geriffelt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">'''2 euro | 2,00 €'''</td>
<td><center>25.75 mm</center></td>
<td><center>2.20 mm</center></td>
<td><center>8.50 g</center></td>
<td>Innen: Nickel-Messing Außen: Kupfer-Nickel Legierung</td>
<td>fein geriffelt mit Schriftprägung</td>
</tr>
</table>

Alle Münzen haben eine gemeinsame Vorderseite, die den Wert der Münze zeigt und ein Design des belgischen Designers Luc Luyckx. Das Design der 1, 2, und 5 Cent Euromünzen zeigt Europa in der Relation zur Welt. Das Bild der 10, 20 und 50 Cent Münzen zeigen wie die einzelnen EU-Staaten zusammenfinden (beachte dass die EU-Mitglieder, die zur Zeit nicht am Euro teilnehmen ebenfalls dargestellt sind). Schließlich zeigen die 1 und 2 Euro Münzen Europa ohne Grenzen. Alle Münzen zeigen auch noch 12 Sterne.

<table border="0">
<caption>'''Beschreibung des Euro-Münzgeldes | gemeinsame Seite'''</caption>
<tr>
<th>€ 0.01</th>
<th>€ 0.02</th>
<th>€ 0.05</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><center>[[bild:1c_comm.png]]</center></td>
<td><center>[[bild:2c_comm.png]]</center></td>
<td><center>[[bild:5c_comm.png]]</center></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><center>'''€ 0.10'''</center></td>
<td><center>'''€ 0.20'''</center></td>
<td><center>'''€ 0.50'''</center></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><center>[[bild:10c_comm.png]]</center></td>
<td><center>[[bild:20c_comm.png]]</center></td>
<td><center>[[bild:50c_comm.png]]</center></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><center>'''€ 1.00'''</center></td>
<td><center>'''€ 2.00'''</center></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><center>[[bild:1e_comm.png]]</center></td>
<td><center>[[bild:2e_comm.png]]</center></td>
</tr>
</table>

Jedes Land, das am Euro teilnimmt hat sein eigene Gestaltung auf der Rückseite. Diese reicht von der einfachen Abbildung des Staatsoberhaupts (zum Beispiel Belgien) bis zu einer unterschiedlichen Ausführung für jede einzelne Münze (zum Beispiel Italien). Alle Münzen zeigen jedoch auch auf dieser Seite, auf die eine oder andere Weise, 12 Sterne. Um sich die nationale Seite anzusehen wähle bitte aus den folgenden Links aus:

*[[belgische Euromünzen]]
*[[deutsche Euromünzen]]
*[[finnische Euromünzen]]
*[[französische Euromünzen]]
*[[griechische Euromünzen]]
*[[italienische Euromünzen]]
*[[irische Euromünzen]]
*[[luxemburgische Euromünzen]]
*[[monegassische Euromünzen]]
*[[niederländische Euromünzen]]
*[[Österreichische Euromünzen|österreichische Euromünzen]]
*[[portugiesische Euromünzen]]
*[[San Marino Euromünzen]]
*[[spanische Euromünzen]]
*[[Vatikan Euromünzen]]

'''Euro-Sondermünzen:'''

Neben den in allen Teilnehmerländern als gesetzliches [[Zahlungsmittel]] anerkannten Euro-Münzen, ist jedes an der [[EWU]] teilnehmende Land dazu berechtigt, Sondermünzen herauszugeben. Diese müssen sich im Nennwert von den regulären Münzen unterscheiden. So gibt es z.B. in [[Frankreich]] Münzen zu 1/4 € in [[Silber]] und [[Gold]], in [[Österreich]] zu 5 € in Silber und in Deutschland zu 10 € in Silber, 100 und 200 € in Gold.

Euro-Sondermünzen gelten nur im herausgebenden Land als gesetzliches Zahlungsmittel. Da sowohl Sammler- als auch Materialwert deren Nennwert deutlich übersteigen, spielen sie im Zahlungsverkehr keine Rolle.

Weblinks:
*[http://www.euro.ecb.int/ Europäische Zentralbank]
*[http://euro.geldmuseum-online.de/ Geldmuseum (Euro)]

Benutzer:Scipius

2002-10-05T10:07:24Z

Scipius: andersprachige benutzerseiten

Benutzer:Scipius

2002-09-12T20:16:57Z

Scipius: Etwas um die Seite zu füllen...

Nein, es gibt hier noch nicht viel zu sehen. Meine heutige Deutschkenntnisse sind meiner Meinung nach leider nicht genügend um für eine Enzyklopädie zu schreiben, aber ich mag gerne mal ein bisschen herum blättern durch die immer wachsende deutschsprachige Wikipedia.

Ich bin auch zu erreichen via [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Scipius User:Scipius] auf die internationale Wikipedia.

Benutzer Diskussion:Elian

2002-09-12T19:43:59Z

Scipius: Schon unterwegs ;)

Ich habe das [[Arabisches Alphabet]] gemerkt; es scheint mir das die letzte 2 buchstaben "h" und "y" umgekehrt sind. -[[Benutzer:PierreAbbat|phma]]

:da gibts, soviel ich weiß, keine absolut richtige reihenfolge. mein wörterbuch listet ha, waw, ya auf, meine grammatik meint waw, ha, ya, annemarie schimmel meint ha,waw, ya. [[Benutzer:Elian|elian]]

----

Hallo Elian, ich bin derjenige der die Flagge für den Englischen Wikipedia gemacht hat und wenn du wünscht, könnte ich dir die Originalbilder zuschicken in einem .zip File von etwa 2,3 MB oder mehrere kleinere. Vielleicht wäre es auch besser wenn du die Flaggen dann gleich einen Deutschen Name gebe, <Land>_flagge_mittel.png oder etwas ähnliches. [[Benutzer:Scipius|Scipius]] 18:40, 12. Sep 2002 (UTC)

:Hi Scipius, das wäre toll. Kannst du mir das in zwei Files (zip oder tar.gz) an elian@gmx.li mailen? Am besten im Abstand von 1 Tag (wegen Mailboxlimit) --[[Benutzer:Elian|elian]]

::Der erste ist schon unterwegs. Der nächste wird ich Morgen auch rund diese Zeit mailen. [[Benutzer:Scipius|Scipius]] 19:43, 12. Sep 2002 (UTC)

Benutzer Diskussion:Elian

2002-09-12T18:40:49Z

Scipius: Über die Flaggen

Wikipedia Diskussion:Hauptseite/alt

2002-08-30T12:12:29Z

Scipius: Niederländisch statt Holländisch

Die "Seitenstatistik" sagt 4187 (oder so) Seiten, man sollte das auf der Hauptseite aendern --[[chd]]

----

<englisch>Note on renaming pages: there is now a page rename/move function ("Artikel verschieben"), which you can use to rename articles with the edit history intact; it leaves a redirect from the old title to the new one as well. It only shows up if you're logged in, however.</englisch> --[[Benutzer:Brion VIBBER|Brion VIBBER]]

----

Könnte ich bitte fragen die Links nach der Niederländische Wikipedia auch "Niederländisch" zu nennen und nicht "Holländisch"? Zum Vergleich, das wäre fast als ob man Deutsch "Preußisch" nennen würde. Danke. -- [[Benutzer:Scipius|Scipius]]

Architektur der Renaissance

2002-05-29T11:32:41Z

Scipius: *

'''[[Renaissance]] architecture''' is a revival of ancient [[Greek architecture|Greek]] and [[Roman architecture|Roman]] styles with a renewed emphasis on proportion and order.