https://de.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Sampo+Torgo 2025-06-27T09:45:09Z Benutzerbeiträge MediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.7 https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rodger_Kamenetz&diff=97114647 2006-10-11T21:02:42Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: Categories</p> <hr /> <div>'''Rodger Kamenetz''' is a poet and author. He was born in [[Baltimore]] in [[1950]], educated at [[Yale]], [[Stanford]] and [[Johns Hopkins University]]. He currently lives in [[New Orleans]] and teaches in the English department at [[LSU]].<br /> He is best known as the author of [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0060645741 The Jew in the Lotus](Harper San Francisco, 1994) which is the authoritative account of the historic dialogue between [[rabbi]]s and the [[Dalai Lama]]. It is an international best seller. He is also the author of Stalking Elijah (Harper, 1997) which received the National Jewish Book Award for Jewish Thought in 1997.<br /> <br /> Kamenetz is a regular [[columnist]] for [[Beliefnet]] where he writes about [[Judaism]] and [[Buddhism]]. <br /> <br /> His books of poetry include ''The Lowercase Jew'' (Northwestern, [[2003]]) and ''The Missing Jew: New and Selected Poems'' (Time Being, [[1991]]).<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.kamenetz.com Website] <br /> * [http://www.talkingdream.com Blog]<br /> <br /> [[it:Rodger Kamenetz]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:1950 births|Kamenetz, Rodger]]<br /> [[Category:American Jews|Kamenetz, Rodger]]<br /> [[Category:Jewish poets|Kamenetz, Rodger]]<br /> [[Category:Johns Hopkins University alumni|Kamenetz, Rodger]]<br /> [[Category:Living people|Kamenetz, Rodger]]<br /> [[Category:Louisiana State University faculty|Kamenetz, Rodger]]<br /> [[Category:People from Baltimore|Kamenetz, Rodger]]<br /> [[Category:Stanford University alumni|Kamenetz, Rodger]]<br /> [[Category:Yale University alumni|Kamenetz, Rodger]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{US-writer-stub}}</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rodger_Kamenetz&diff=97114646 2006-10-11T03:08:18Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Rodger Kamenetz''' is a poet and author. He was born in Baltimore in 1950, educated at [[Yale]], [[Stanford]] and [[Johns Hopkins University]]. He currently lives in [[New Orleans]] and teaches in the English department at [[Louisiana State University]].<br /> He is best known as the author of [http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0060645741 The Jew in the Lotus](Harper San Francisco, 1994) which is the authoritative account of the historic dialogue between [[rabbi]]s and the [[Dalai Lama]]. It is an international best seller. He is also the author of Stalking Elijah (Harper, 1997) which received the National Jewish Book Award for Jewish Thought in 1997.<br /> <br /> Kamenetz is a regular columnist for Beliefnet where he writes about [[Judaism]] and [[Buddhism]]. <br /> <br /> His books of poetry include The Lowercase Jew (Northwestern, 2003) and The Missing Jew: New and Selected Poems (Time Being, 1991).<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.kamenetz.com Website] <br /> * [http://www.talkingdream.com Blog]<br /> <br /> [[it:Rodger Kamenetz]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:LSU faculty|Kamenetz, Rodger]]<br /> <br /> {{US-writer-stub}}</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Okmulgee&diff=58483661 2006-10-03T03:48:54Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: /* External links */</p> <hr /> <div>'''Okmulgee''' is a city in [[Okmulgee County, Oklahoma|Okmulgee County]], [[Oklahoma]], [[United States]]. The population was 13,022 at the 2000 census. It is the [[county seat]] of [[Okmulgee County, Oklahoma|Okmulgee County]]{{GR|6}}.<br /> <br /> ==Geography==<br /> [[Image:OKMap-doton-Okmulgee.PNG|right|Location of Okmulgee, Oklahoma]]<br /> Okmulgee is located at {{coor dms|35|37|28|N|95|57|48|W|city}} (35.624558, -95.963254){{GR|1}}.<br /> <br /> According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of 33.2 [[km²]] (12.8 [[square mile|mi²]]), all land.<br /> <br /> ==Demographics==<br /> As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 13,022 people, 5,135 households, and 3,291 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 392.2/km² (1,015.7/mi²). There were 5,948 housing units at an average density of 179.1/km² (463.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 58.85% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 21.29% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 13.61% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.29% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.02% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.53% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 5.41% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.83% of the population.<br /> <br /> There were 5,135 households out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 17.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.9% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.00.<br /> <br /> In the city the population was spread out with 25.4% under the age of 18, 12.7% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.5 males.<br /> <br /> The median income for a household in the city was $24,344, and the median income for a family was $31,015. Males had a median income of $26,105 versus $19,722 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $13,633. About 19.6% of families and 24.1% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 33.0% of those under age 18 and 14.1% of those age 65 or over.<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Mapit-US-cityscale|35.624558|-95.963254}}<br /> <br /> {{Oklahoma}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Cities in Oklahoma]]<br /> [[Category:County seats in Oklahoma]]<br /> [[Category:Okmulgee County, Oklahoma]]<br /> [[Category:U.S. colonial and territorial capitals]]<br /> <br /> [[io:Okmulgee, Oklahoma]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bannack_(Montana)&diff=201180350 2006-10-03T03:40:55Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Bannack''', [[Montana]], founded in 1862, is now a [[ghost town]]. Named after the local [[Bannock (tribe)|Bannock]] Indians, it was the site of Montana's first major gold discovery in 1862, and served as the capital of [[Montana Territory]] briefly in 1864, until the capital was moved to [[Virginia City, Montana|Virginia City]]. Bannack continued as a mining town, though with a dwindling population. The last residents left in the 1970s.<br /> <br /> At its peak, Bannack had a population of about three thousand. It was a classic wild-west town, with miners, crooks, thieves, lawyers, Indians, merchants, prostitutes and even a clergyman or two. There were three hotels, three bakeries, three blacksmith shops, two stables, two meat markets, a grocery store, a restaurant, a brewery, a billiard hall, and four saloons. Though all of the businesses were built of logs, some had decorative false fronts. <br /> <br /> Bannack's sheriff, [[Henry Plummer]], was believed by some to have robbed the stage coach. He was said to be the head of a gang that was responsible for nearly a hundred deaths; twenty-two men were eventually hanged by a mob (the [[Vigilance Committee]]) for their presumed crimes. The last man hanged may have done nothing more than express an opinion that several of those previously hanged had been innocent.<br /> <br /> Sixty historic log and frame structures remain standing in Bannack, many quite well-preserved; most can be explored. The site is listed as a [[National Historic Landmark]]. The town is presently the site of [[Bannack State Park]].<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> *[http://www.bannack.org Bannack State Park]<br /> *[http://www.ghosttowngallery.com/htme/bannack.htm Photographs of Bannack]<br /> *[http://www.nezperce.com/banack.html History and photographs]<br /> *[http://www.beaverhead.com/bannack/Vig_Index.htm A detailed account of the Henry Plummer story]<br /> *[http://www.theoutlaws.com/lawmen1.htm Another Henry Plummer account, giving both versions]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Ghost towns in the United States]]<br /> [[Category:History of Montana]]<br /> [[Category:U.S. colonial and territorial capitals]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arkansas_Post_National_Memorial&diff=56882082 2006-10-03T03:14:36Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: /* External links */</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox_protected_area | name = Arkansas Post National Memorial<br /> | iucn_category = III<br /> | image = US_Locator_Blank.svg<br /> | caption = <br /> | locator_x = 169<br /> | locator_y = 118<br /> | location = [[Arkansas County, Arkansas]], [[United States|USA]]<br /> | nearest_city = [[Little Rock, Arkansas]]<br /> | lat_degrees = 34<br /> | lat_minutes = 1<br /> | lat_seconds = 25<br /> | lat_direction = N<br /> | long_degrees = 91<br /> | long_minutes = 20<br /> | long_seconds = 37<br /> | long_direction = W<br /> | area = 749.18 acres&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp; (389.18 federal)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;3.03 km²<br /> | established = [[July 6]], [[1960]]<br /> | visitation_num = 37,740<br /> | visitation_year = 2005<br /> | governing_body = [[National Park Service]]<br /> }}'''Arkansas Post National Memorial''', located about 8 miles (13 km) southeast of [[Gillett, Arkansas]], commemorates key events that occurred on site and in the vicinity: the first semi-permanent European settlement in the Lower Mississippi Valley (1686); an American Revolutionary War skirmish (1783); the first territorial capital of Arkansas (1819–1821); and the American Civil War [[Battle of Fort Hindman]] (1863).<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> [[image:Tonti_Henri.jpg|thumb|left|Henri de Tonti]]<br /> '''Arkansas Post''' was founded in 1686 by [[Henri de Tonti]] at the site of a [[Quapaw]] Indian village named '''Osotouy''' near where the [[Arkansas River]] enters the [[Mississippi River]]. This place was where the first recorded Christian services occurred in Arkansas. The site became a strategic point for [[France]], [[Spain]], the [[United States]], and the [[Confederate States]] at different times during its history.<br /> <br /> On [[17 April]] [[1783]] [[Kingdom of Great Britain|British]] [[Colonel]] [[James Colbert]] conducted a raid against [[Spain|Spanish]] forces controlling Arkansas Post as part of a small campaign against the Spanish on the [[Mississippi River]]. Colbert's Raid was the only [[American Revolutionary War]] battle fought in Arkansas.<br /> <br /> In 1803 Arkansas Post became a part of the [[United States]] as part of the [[Louisiana Purchase]]. The post was selected as the first capital of the Arkansas Territory and became the center of commercial and political life in Arkansas. Prior to statehood the territorial capital was moved to [[Little Rock, Arkansas]] and Arkansas Post lost much of its importance. <br /> <br /> During the [[American Civil War]] the Post became an important strategic site as it was the confluence of two major rivers. In 1862 the [[Confederate Army]] constructed a massive earthwork known as [[Battle of Fort Hindman|Fort Hindman]] named after Confederate General [[Thomas C. Hindman]]. In January 9-11 of 1863 Union forces conducted an amphibious [[Battle of Fort Hindman|assault on the fortress]] backed by [[ironclad]] gunboats and destroyed both the fort and the civilian areas of Arkansas Post.<br /> <br /> ==Administrative history==<br /> The former site of Arkansas Post was made into a [[state park]] in 1929. It is located on a peninsula in the Arkansas River in [[Arkansas County, Arkansas|Arkansas County]]. On [[July 6]], [[1960]] the site was designated a [[National Memorial]], and a [[National Historic Landmark]] on [[October 9]], [[1960]]. As with all National Historic Landmarks, Arkansas Post was administratively listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] on [[October 15]], [[1966]].<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> * ''The National Parks: Index 2001–2003''. Washington: [[United States Department of the Interior|U.S. Department of the Interior]].<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * Official NPS website: [http://www.nps.gov/arpo/ Arkansas Post National Memorial]<br /> * [http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=106&amp;ResourceType=District Arkansas Post] NHL information<br /> <br /> [[Category:1960 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:American Civil War battlefields]]<br /> [[Category:American Revolutionary War sites]]<br /> [[Category:Archaeological sites in the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Arkansas County, Arkansas]]<br /> [[Category:Arkansas in the Civil War]]<br /> [[Category:National Memorials of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:Registered Historic Places in Arkansas]]<br /> [[Category:National Historic Landmarks of the United States]]<br /> [[Category:U.S. colonial and territorial capitals|Arkansas]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abe_Sada&diff=75505418 2006-09-15T02:00:29Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Sada Abe''' (阿部 定 ''Abe Sada'', [[1905]]&amp;ndash;[[1970]]?) is famous in [[Japan]] for a bizarre occurrence in [[1936]].<br /> <br /> On [[May 18]] of that year, Sada Abe [[erotic asphyxiation|erotically asphyxiated]] her lover, '''Kichizo Ishida''', during sex at the hotel he owned. She was employed in his household following her &quot;retirement&quot; from [[prostitution]], and the two had become increasingly isolated in their own private world of sexual passion, [[jealousy]] and [[sexual experimentation|experimentation]]. After his death, Sada cut off his [[penis]] and [[testicles]], and wrapped them in paper. She wandered the streets of [[Tokyo]] for three days with his severed parts in her hand. When she was apprehended on [[May 21]], she was reported to be 'beaming with happiness.' Her story garnered her a great deal of sympathy in Japan, and became the story of the year, and one of Japan's most notorious [[scandal]]s.<br /> <br /> She was convicted and sentenced to six years in [[prison]]. The sentence was [[Commutation of sentence|commuted]], however, in [[1940]], on the occasion of the celebration of the 2,600th year after [[Emperor Jimmu]] came to the throne. She then assumed an [[alias]] and later remarried, but her husband [[divorce]]d her when he discovered her identity. Later she became an [[actor|actress]], portraying herself in several productions about the 1936 incident. Sada Abe disappeared in 1970 and her subsequent whereabouts are unknown.<br /> <br /> There have been at least three [[film|movie]]s detailing her life, notably ''[[In the Realm of the Senses]]'' which was [[censorship|widely banned]] following its [[1976]] release, for nearly constant sex and nudity. [[Noboru Tanaka]]'s ''[[A Woman Called Sada Abe]]'' came out the year before, for a Japan-only audience, but was overshadowed by its more explicit successor. More recently, [[Nobuhiko Obayashi]]'s ''[[Sada (film)|Sada]]'' ([[1998]]) however treats the Sada story with a more artistic nature. There is also a four bass noise band in Perth, Western Australia, named Abe Sada.<br /> <br /> [[Category:1905 births|Abe, Sada]]<br /> [[Category:Disappeared people|Abe, Sada]]<br /> [[Category:Japanese actors|Abe, Sada]]<br /> [[Category:Possibly living people|Abe, Sada]]<br /> <br /> [[ja:阿部定事件]]<br /> [[zh:阿部定事件]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brother_Jonathan_(Symbolfigur)&diff=192965195 2006-09-12T10:21:20Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: removing category per CFD using AWB</p> <hr /> <div>{{for|the steamboat that crashed off the coast of Crescent City, California in 1865|Brother Jonathan (steamer)}}<br /> <br /> '''Brother Jonathan''' was a [[fictional character]] created to personify the entire [[United States]], in the early days of the country's existence. <br /> [[Image:Brother Jonathan.jpg|thumb|right|Brother Jonathan as drawn by [[Thomas Nast]]]]<br /> In [[editorial cartoons]] and [[patriotic]] posters, Brother Jonathan was usually depicted as a typical American [[revolutionary]], with [[tricorne|tri-cornered hat]] and long [[military jacket]]. Originally, from [[1776]] to [[1783]], &quot;Brother Jonathan&quot; was a mildly derisive term used by the [[Loyalist]]s to describe the [[Patriot]]s. <br /> <br /> It has been suggested that the most plausible explanation for the origin of the term is that the character derives from [[Jonathan Trumbull]] (1710-85), Governor of [[Connecticut]]. It is said that [[George Washington]] often uttered the words: &quot;We must consult Brother Jonathan&quot; when faced with a difficult question; however, that origin is doubtful. <br /> <br /> The character was adopted by Americans from [[1783]] to [[1815]]. During the [[War of 1812]], the term &quot;Uncle Sam&quot; appeared. ''Uncle Sam'' appeared in newspapers from [[1813]] to [[1815]], and in [[1816]] it appeared in a book. ''Brother Jonathan'' was replaced by the female personification [[Historical Columbia|Columbia]] and the increasingly popular [[Uncle Sam]]. <br /> <br /> However, ''Brother Jonathan'', and variants of the name Jonathan continued to be used as slang references to Americans through the American Civil War. For example [[Johnny Rebel]] meant a Confederate soldier, and a popular song was [[When Johnny Comes Marching Home]]. On a related note, the word [[Yankee]] may be a derivation of the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] nickname for Americans, ''Jan Kees'', meaning &quot;John Cornelius&quot;.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> * [[Historical Columbia|Columbia]]<br /> * [[Uncle Sam]]<br /> * [[Britannia]]<br /> * [[Marianne]]<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1862/january/brother-jonathan.htm 1862 Harper's Weekly Brother Jonathan Cartoon]<br /> <br /> [[Category:National personifications]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{US-hist-stub}}</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Howard_Dalton&diff=70504948 2006-09-12T03:05:54Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: clean up, Replaced: LSU alumni → Louisiana State University alumni using AWB</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:DaltonJohn.jpg|right|thumb|200px|John Howard Dalton]]<br /> '''John Howard Dalton''' (born [[1941]]) is a [[United States of America|U.S.]] [[independent agencies of the United States government|administrator]] and [[banker]]. Dalton was [[United States Secretary of the Navy|Secretary of the Navy]] from [[July 22]], [[1993]] to [[November 16]], [[1998]].<br /> <br /> ==Banking==<br /> Before his appointment as Navy Secretary, Dalton ran the [[San Antonio, Texas]], office of [[Stephens Inc.]], a [[Little Rock, Arkansas]]-based investment banking firm. Prior to his employment at Stephens Inc., he was Managing Director of [[Best Associates and Mason Best Company]], merchant banking firms headquartered in [[Houston, Texas|Houston]] and [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]] respectively.<br /> <br /> From [[1984]] to [[1988]] he served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of [[Freedom Capital Corporation]] in San Antonio, and President of the [[Sequin Savings Association]]. Prior to this position, he was President of the Real Estate Division of the [[Gill Companies]] of San Antonio. President Carter nominated Dalton to the [[Federal Home Loan Bank Board]] in December [[1979]], where he served as a member and chairman until July [[1981]]. Dalton was President of the [[Government National Mortgage Association]] of the [[U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development]] before being appointed to the [[Bank Board]]. He began his public service career after serving with the investment banking firm of [[Goldman Sachs|Goldman, Sachs &amp; Company]] in Dallas, Texas.<br /> <br /> ==Navy service==<br /> Dalton served in the Navy from [[1964]] to [[1969]]. In that time he received naval nuclear power training and served aboard the [[submarine]]s [[USS Blueback]] as the Supply and Commissary Officer and [[USS John C. Calhoun]] as the Main Propulsion Assistant, Communications Officer and Weapons Officer. He attained the rank of Lieutenant while serving on active duty. Subsequently, he was promoted to Lieutenant Commander in the [[U.S. Naval Reserve]].<br /> <br /> ==Education==<br /> In [[1971]], Dalton received a [[Master of Business Administration]] degree from the [[Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania|Wharton School]] of the [[University of Pennsylvania]]. He attended [[Louisiana State University]] for a year before attending the [[U.S. Naval Academy]]. He graduated with distinction from Annapolis in [[1964]]. He was a finalist in the [[Rhodes Scholarship]] competition.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> * [[USS Constitution#Urban legend]] - about a speech that Dalton gave in 1997, citing a &quot;true story&quot; about the ''USS Constitution'', that turned out to be false<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> *''The Banking, Navy service and Education portions of this article are based on [[public domain]] text from the [http://www.chinfo.navy.mil/navpalib/people/secnav/dalton/daltbio.html US Navy].''<br /> <br /> {{start box}}<br /> {{succession box|title=[[United States Secretary of the Navy]]|before=Adm. [[Frank B. Kelso II]] (act.)|after=[[Richard Danzig]]|years=1993-1998}}<br /> {{end box}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1941 births|Dalton, John]]<br /> [[Category:American bankers|Dalton, John]]<br /> [[Category:Living people|Dalton, John]]<br /> [[Category:United States Secretaries of the Navy|Dalton, John]]<br /> [[Category:Louisiana State University alumni|Dalton, John]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ray_Marshall&diff=49789566 2006-09-12T02:59:36Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: clean up, Replaced: LSU alumni → Louisiana State University alumni using AWB</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:frmarshall.jpg|thumb|right|170px|The official portrait of Ray Marshal hangs in the Department of Labor]]<br /> '''Freddie Ray Marshall''' (born [[August 22]], [[1928]]) is the Professor Emeritus of the Audre and Bernard Rapoport Centennial Chair in Economics and Public Affairs at the [[University of Texas at Austin]].<br /> <br /> Marshall was born in 1928 in [[Oak Grove, Louisiana]]. He lived in an orphanage, but joined the navy at age 15 (having lied about his age). After participating in [[World War II]], he attended [[Louisiana State University]] and [[Millsaps College]]. His doctorate is from [[University of California, Berkeley]] in economics. He has had several academic posts, but since 1962 has been at the University of Texas, with the exception of his term as [[United States Secretary of Labor]] as a member of [[Jimmy Carter]]'s administration.<br /> <br /> As Secretary of Labor, he expanded public service and job training programs, as a part of Carter's economic stimulus program.<br /> <br /> Marshall was also one of the founders of the [[Economic Policy Institute]] in 1986.<br /> <br /> ==Books==<br /> *''Thinking for a Living: Education and the Wealth of Nations''<br /> *''Back to Shared Prosperity.''<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.dol.gov/asp/programs/history/marshall.htm U.S. Department of Labor Biography]<br /> <br /> {{start box}}<br /> {{succession box|title=[[United States Secretary of Labor]]<br /> |years=1977&amp;ndash;1981<br /> |before=[[W. J. Usery Jr.]]<br /> |after=[[Raymond J. Donovan]]}}<br /> {{end box}}<br /> {{USSecLabor}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Lambda Chi Alpha brothers|Marshall, Ray]]<br /> [[Category:Louisiana State University alumni|Marshall, Ray]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_H._Overton&diff=82077457 2006-09-12T02:45:54Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: clean up, Replaced: LSU alumni → Louisiana State University alumni using AWB</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:John Holmes Overton.jpg|right|thumb]]<br /> '''John Holmes Overton''' ([[September 17]], [[1875]]&amp;ndash;[[May 14]], [[1948]]) was a lawyer and [[United States Representative]] and [[United States Senate|Senator]] from [[Louisiana]]. A [[USDemocrat|Democrat]], his nephew [[Overton Brooks]] was also a longtime congressman.<br /> <br /> He was born in [[Marksville, Louisiana]], youngest son of Judge [[Thomas Overton]] and [[Elizabeth Waddill Overton]], graduated from [[Louisiana State University]] in 1895, from [[Tulane University]] in 1897, and was admitted to the Louisiana bar in the following year.<br /> <br /> He then set up his practice in [[Alexandria, Louisiana|Alexandria]]. In 1905 he married Ada Ruth Dismukes, and they had three daughters, Katherine, Mary Elizabeth and Ruth.<br /> <br /> He entered Congress by appointment, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of representative [[James B. Aswell]], and served from [[May 12]], [[1931]], to [[March 3]], [[1933]]. In 1932, he ran for the Senate and won.<br /> <br /> He was reelected in 1938 and 1944. His committee memberships included Manufactures, Commerce, and Irrigation and Reclamation.<br /> <br /> He was a traditional segregationist; he opposed an amendment to the [[Selective Service Act]] of 1940 that allowed the voluntary enlistment of minorities, on the grounds that it could lead to mixed units, and was quoted in 1947 as saying &quot;The Democratic South stands for White supremacy&quot;.<br /> <br /> Overton's last term was cut short by his death at [[Bethesda Naval Hospital]]. His remains were buried at [[Mount Olivet Cemetery]] in [[Pineville, Louisiana]]. His house in Alexandria was added to the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1985.<br /> <br /> {{start}}<br /> {{USRepSuccessionBox<br /> | state=Louisiana<br /> | district=8<br /> | before=[[James Benjamin Aswell]]<br /> | years = 1931&amp;ndash;1933<br /> | after=[[Cleveland Dear]]<br /> }}<br /> {{end box}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1875 births|Overton, John H.]]<br /> [[Category:1948 deaths|Overton, John H.]]<br /> [[Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana|Overton, John]]<br /> [[Category:United States Senators from Louisiana|Overton, John H.]]<br /> [[Category:Segregationists|Overton, John H.]]<br /> [[Category:Louisiana State University alumni|Overton, John]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Megacryometeor&diff=42930586 2006-09-11T02:25:59Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>A '''megacryometeor''' is a very large chunk of [[ice]], which, despite sharing many textural, hydro-chemical and isotopic features detected in large hailstones, are formed under unusual atmospheric conditions which clearly differ from those of the cumulonimbus clouds scenario (i.e. clear-sky conditions). They are sometimes called huge [[hail]]stones, but don't need to form in [[thunderstorm]]s. Jesus Martinez-Frias, a planetary geologist of the Center for Astrobiology in Madrid pioneered research on megacryometeors in January 2000, after ice chunks weighing up to 6.6 pounds rained on Spain out of cloudless skies for 10 days. <br /> <br /> == Size ==<br /> More than 50 megacryometeors have been recorded since the year [[2000]]. They vary in size between 0.5 kg to over 200 kg. One was measured in [[Brazil]] as 220 kg.<br /> <br /> == Formation ==<br /> The process that creates megacryometeors is not fully understood. They may have a similar mechanism of formation as hailstones, and have been recorded falling out of the clear sky in the summer. Analysis of megacryometeors show that their composition matches normal [[rain]]water for the areas in which they fell. It is known that they do not come from air-plane toilets because the large chunks of ice that occasionally do fall from airliners are distinctly blue due to the disinfectant used. In addition there are many events which are previous to the invention of the aircraft. First results indicate that fluctuations in [[tropopause]] can be related with their formation. They are sometimes confused with [[meteor]]s because they can leave small impact craters.<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.megacryometeors.com Megacryometeors.com]<br /> *[http://abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=1826352 News Report: Ice Chunk Hits Oakland, CA, USA]<br /> *[http://www.thestar.co.za/index.php?fArticleId=3329330 News Report, July 8, 2006: Ice Chunk hits South Africa]<br /> *[http://tierra.rediris.es/megacryometeors/index2.html Megacryometeors: Resource Site]<br /> *[http://tierra.rediris.es/megacryometeors/brunel.html Megacryometeors: fall of atmospheric ice blocks from ancient to modern times ]<br /> *[http://www.damninteresting.com/?p=506 The Peculiar Phenomenon of Megacryometeors]<br /> *[http://www.thestar.co.za/index.php?fArticleId=3329330 Sandton ice ball fell out of clear sky, says scientist]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Precipitation]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_H._Overton&diff=82077456 2006-09-08T16:47:49Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:John Holmes Overton.jpg|right|thumb]]<br /> '''John Holmes Overton''' ([[September 17]], [[1875]]&amp;ndash;[[May 14]], [[1948]]) was a lawyer and [[United States Representative]] and [[United States Senate|Senator]] from [[Louisiana]]. A [[USDemocrat|Democrat]], his nephew [[Overton Brooks]] was also a longtime congressman.<br /> <br /> He was born in [[Marksville, Louisiana]], youngest son of Judge [[Thomas Overton]] and [[Elizabeth Waddill Overton]], graduated from [[Louisiana State University]] in 1895, from [[Tulane University]] in 1897, and was admitted to the Louisiana bar in the following year.<br /> <br /> He then set up his practice in [[Alexandria, Louisiana|Alexandria]]. In 1905 he married Ada Ruth Dismukes, and they had three daughters, Katherine, Mary Elizabeth and Ruth.<br /> <br /> He entered Congress by appointment, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of representative [[James B. Aswell]], and served from [[May 12]], [[1931]], to [[March 3]], [[1933]]. In 1932, he ran for the Senate and won.<br /> <br /> He was reelected in 1938 and 1944. His committee memberships included Manufactures, Commerce, and Irrigation and Reclamation.<br /> <br /> He was a traditional segregationist; he opposed an amendment to the [[Selective Service Act]] of 1940 that allowed the voluntary enlistment of minorities, on the grounds that it could lead to mixed units, and was quoted in 1947 as saying &quot;The Democratic South stands for White supremacy&quot;.<br /> <br /> Overton's last term was cut short by his death at [[Bethesda Naval Hospital]]. His remains were buried at [[Mount Olivet Cemetery]] in [[Pineville, Louisiana]]. His house in Alexandria was added to the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1985.<br /> <br /> {{start}}<br /> {{USRepSuccessionBox<br /> | state=Louisiana<br /> | district=8<br /> | before=[[James Benjamin Aswell]]<br /> | years = 1931&amp;ndash;1933<br /> | after=[[Cleveland Dear]]<br /> }}<br /> {{end box}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1875 births|Overton, John H.]]<br /> [[Category:1948 deaths|Overton, John H.]]<br /> [[Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana|Overton, John]]<br /> [[Category:United States Senators from Louisiana|Overton, John H.]]<br /> [[Category:Segregationists|Overton, John H.]]<br /> [[Category:LSU alumni|Overton, John]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Howard_Dalton&diff=70504947 2006-09-08T16:02:52Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: /* References */</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:DaltonJohn.jpg|right|thumb|200px|John Howard Dalton]]<br /> '''John Howard Dalton''' (born [[1941]]) is a [[United States of America|U.S.]] [[independent agencies of the United States government|administrator]] and [[banker]]. Dalton was [[United States Secretary of the Navy|Secretary of the Navy]] from [[July 22]], [[1993]] to [[November 16]], [[1998]].<br /> <br /> ==Banking==<br /> Before his appointment as Navy Secretary, Dalton ran the [[San Antonio, Texas]], office of [[Stephens Inc.]], a [[Little Rock, Arkansas]]-based investment banking firm. Prior to his employment at Stephens Inc., he was Managing Director of [[Best Associates and Mason Best Company]], merchant banking firms headquartered in [[Houston, Texas|Houston]] and [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]] respectively.<br /> <br /> From [[1984]] to [[1988]] he served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of [[Freedom Capital Corporation]] in San Antonio, and President of the [[Sequin Savings Association]]. Prior to this position, he was President of the Real Estate Division of the [[Gill Companies]] of San Antonio. President Carter nominated Dalton to the [[Federal Home Loan Bank Board]] in December [[1979]], where he served as a member and chairman until July [[1981]]. Dalton was President of the [[Government National Mortgage Association]] of the [[U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development]] before being appointed to the [[Bank Board]]. He began his public service career after serving with the investment banking firm of [[Goldman Sachs|Goldman, Sachs &amp; Company]] in Dallas, Texas.<br /> <br /> ==Navy service==<br /> Dalton served in the Navy from [[1964]] to [[1969]]. In that time he received naval nuclear power training and served aboard the [[submarine]]s [[USS Blueback]] as the Supply and Commissary Officer and [[USS John C. Calhoun]] as the Main Propulsion Assistant, Communications Officer and Weapons Officer. He attained the rank of Lieutenant while serving on active duty. Subsequently, he was promoted to Lieutenant Commander in the [[U.S. Naval Reserve]].<br /> <br /> ==Education==<br /> In [[1971]], Dalton received a [[Master of Business Administration]] degree from the [[Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania|Wharton School]] of the [[University of Pennsylvania]]. He attended [[Louisiana State University]] for a year before attending the [[U.S. Naval Academy]]. He graduated with distinction from Annapolis in [[1964]]. He was a finalist in the [[Rhodes Scholarship]] competition.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> * [[USS Constitution#Urban legend]] - about a speech that Dalton gave in 1997, citing a &quot;true story&quot; about the ''USS Constitution'', that turned out to be false<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> *''The Banking, Navy service and Education portions of this article are based on [[public domain]] text from the [http://www.chinfo.navy.mil/navpalib/people/secnav/dalton/daltbio.html US Navy].''<br /> <br /> {{start box}}<br /> {{succession box|title=[[United States Secretary of the Navy]]|before=Adm. [[Frank B. Kelso II|Frank B. Kelso II]] (act.)|after=[[Richard Danzig]]|years=1993-1998}}<br /> {{end box}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1941 births|Dalton, John]]<br /> [[Category:American bankers|Dalton, John]]<br /> [[Category:Living people|Dalton, John]]<br /> [[Category:United States Secretaries of the Navy|Dalton, John]]<br /> [[Category:LSU alumni|Dalton, John]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ray_Marshall&diff=49789565 2006-09-08T15:58:07Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:frmarshall.jpg|thumb|right|170px|The official portrait of Ray Marshal hangs in the Department of Labor]]<br /> '''Freddie Ray Marshall''' (born [[August 22]], [[1928]]) is the Professor Emeritus of the Audre and Bernard Rapoport Centennial Chair in Economics and Public Affairs at the [[University of Texas at Austin]].<br /> <br /> Marshall was born in 1928 in [[Oak Grove, Louisiana]]. He lived in an orphanage, but joined the navy at age 15 (having lied about his age). After participating in [[World War II]], he attended [[Louisiana State University]] and [[Millsaps College]]. His doctorate is from [[University of California, Berkeley]] in economics. He has had several academic posts, but since 1962 has been at the University of Texas, with the exception of his term as [[United States Secretary of Labor]] as a member of [[Jimmy Carter]]'s administration.<br /> <br /> As Secretary of Labor, he expanded public service and job training programs, as a part of Carter's economic stimulus program.<br /> <br /> Marshall was also one of the founders of the [[Economic Policy Institute]] in 1986.<br /> <br /> ==Books==<br /> *''Thinking for a Living: Education and the Wealth of Nations''<br /> *''Back to Shared Prosperity.''<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.dol.gov/asp/programs/history/marshall.htm U.S. Department of Labor Biography]<br /> <br /> {{start box}}<br /> {{succession box|title=[[United States Secretary of Labor]]<br /> |years=1977&amp;ndash;1981<br /> |before=[[W. J. Usery Jr.]]<br /> |after=[[Raymond J. Donovan]]}}<br /> {{end box}}<br /> {{USSecLabor}}<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Lambda Chi Alpha brothers|Marshall, Ray]]<br /> [[Category:LSU alumni|Marshall, Ray]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brother_Jonathan_(Symbolfigur)&diff=192965194 2006-09-06T02:06:24Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: image</p> <hr /> <div>{{for|the steamboat that crashed off the coast of Crescent City, California in 1865|Brother Jonathan (steamer)}}<br /> <br /> '''Brother Jonathan''' was a [[fictional character]] created to personify the entire [[United States]], in the early days of the country's existence. <br /> [[Image:Brother Jonathan.jpg|thumb|right|Brother Jonathan as drawn by [[Thomas Nast]]]]<br /> In [[editorial cartoons]] and [[patriotic]] posters, Brother Jonathan was usually depicted as a typical American [[revolutionary]], with [[tricorne|tri-cornered hat]] and long [[military jacket]]. Originally, from [[1776]] to [[1783]], &quot;Brother Jonathan&quot; was a mildly derisive term used by the [[Loyalist]]s to describe the [[Patriot]]s. <br /> <br /> It has been suggested that the most plausible explanation for the origin of the term is that the character derives from [[Jonathan Trumbull]] (1710-85), Governor of [[Connecticut]]. It is said that [[George Washington]] often uttered the words: &quot;We must consult Brother Jonathan&quot; when faced with a difficult question; however, that origin is doubtful. <br /> <br /> The character was adopted by Americans from [[1783]] to [[1815]]. During the [[War of 1812]], the term &quot;Uncle Sam&quot; appeared. ''Uncle Sam'' appeared in newspapers from [[1813]] to [[1815]], and in [[1816]] it appeared in a book. ''Brother Jonathan'' was replaced by the female personification [[Historical Columbia|Columbia]] and the increasingly popular [[Uncle Sam]]. <br /> <br /> However, ''Brother Jonathan'', and variants of the name Jonathan continued to be used as slang references to Americans through the American Civil War. For example [[Johnny Rebel]] meant a Confederate soldier, and a popular song was [[When Johnny Comes Marching Home]]. On a related note, the word [[Yankee]] may be a derivation of the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] nickname for Americans, ''Jan Kees'', meaning &quot;John Cornelius&quot;.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> * [[Historical Columbia|Columbia]]<br /> * [[Uncle Sam]]<br /> * [[Britannia]]<br /> * [[Marianne]]<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1862/january/brother-jonathan.htm 1862 Harper's Weekly Brother Jonathan Cartoon] <br /> <br /> {{US-hist-stub}}<br /> <br /> [[category:National personifications]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brother_Jonathan_(Symbolfigur)&diff=192965193 2006-09-06T02:02:06Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: image</p> <hr /> <div>{{for|the steamboat that crashed off the coast of Crescent City, California in 1865|Brother Jonathan (steamer)}}<br /> <br /> '''Brother Jonathan''' was a [[fictional character]] created to personify the entire [[United States]], in the early days of the country's existence. <br /> [[Image:Brother Jonathan.jpg|thumb|right|Brother Jonathan]]<br /> In [[editorial cartoons]] and [[patriotic]] posters, Brother Jonathan was usually depicted as a typical American [[revolutionary]], with [[tricorne|tri-cornered hat]] and long [[military jacket]]. Originally, from [[1776]] to [[1783]], &quot;Brother Jonathan&quot; was a mildly derisive term used by the [[Loyalist]]s to describe the [[Patriot]]s. <br /> <br /> It has been suggested that the most plausible explanation for the origin of the term is that the character derives from [[Jonathan Trumbull]] (1710-85), Governor of [[Connecticut]]. It is said that [[George Washington]] often uttered the words: &quot;We must consult Brother Jonathan&quot; when faced with a difficult question; however, that origin is doubtful. <br /> <br /> The character was adopted by Americans from [[1783]] to [[1815]]. During the [[War of 1812]], the term &quot;Uncle Sam&quot; appeared. ''Uncle Sam'' appeared in newspapers from [[1813]] to [[1815]], and in [[1816]] it appeared in a book. ''Brother Jonathan'' was replaced by the female personification [[Historical Columbia|Columbia]] and the increasingly popular [[Uncle Sam]]. <br /> <br /> However, ''Brother Jonathan'', and variants of the name Jonathan continued to be used as slang references to Americans through the American Civil War. For example [[Johnny Rebel]] meant a Confederate soldier, and a popular song was [[When Johnny Comes Marching Home]]. On a related note, the word [[Yankee]] may be a derivation of the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] nickname for Americans, ''Jan Kees'', meaning &quot;John Cornelius&quot;.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> * [[Historical Columbia|Columbia]]<br /> * [[Uncle Sam]]<br /> * [[Britannia]]<br /> * [[Marianne]]<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1862/january/brother-jonathan.htm 1862 Harper's Weekly Brother Jonathan Cartoon] <br /> <br /> {{US-hist-stub}}<br /> <br /> [[category:National personifications]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20668232 2006-08-26T08:46:01Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela_The_defence_of_the_Sampo.png|thumb|220px|right|''Die Verteidigung des Sampo''. [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]].<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] aus [[US-Bundesstaat]] [[Louisiana]]. Ich graduierte von der [[Louisiana Bundesstaat-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]<br /> <br /> {{Babel|en|fr-2|de-2|ang-1}}<br /> <br /> [[en:User:Sampo Torgo]]<br /> [[fr:User:Sampo Torgo]]<br /> [[ang:User:Sampo Torgo]]<br /> [[la:User:Sampo Torgo]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20643079 2006-08-25T15:40:02Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela_The_defence_of_the_Sampo.png|thumb|220px|right|''Die Verteidigung des Sampo''. [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]].<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich graduierte von der [[Louisiana Bundesstaat-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]<br /> <br /> {{Babel|en|fr-2|de-2|ang-1}}<br /> <br /> [[en:User:Sampo Torgo]]<br /> [[fr:User:Sampo Torgo]]<br /> [[ang:User:Sampo Torgo]]<br /> [[la:User:Sampo Torgo]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20635043 2006-08-25T12:50:30Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela_The_defence_of_the_Sampo.png|thumb|220px|right|''Die Verteidigung des Sampo''. [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]].<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich graduierte von der [[Louisiana Bundesstaat-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]<br /> <br /> {{Babel|en|fr-2|de-2|ang-1}}</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20634905 2006-08-25T12:47:43Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela_The_defence_of_the_Sampo.png|thumb|220px|right|''Die Verteidigung des Sampo''. [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]].<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich graduierte von der [[Louisiana Bundesstaat-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]<br /> <br /> {{Babel|en-5|en|fr-2|de-2}}</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20634558 2006-08-25T12:41:02Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela_The_defence_of_the_Sampo.png|thumb|220px|right|''Die Verteidigung des Sampo''. [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]].<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich graduierte von der [[Louisiana Bundesstaat-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20634540 2006-08-25T12:40:42Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela_The_defence_of_the_Sampo.png|thumb|250px|right|''Die Verteidigung des Sampo''. [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]].<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich graduierte von der [[Louisiana Bundesstaat-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20634509 2006-08-25T12:40:02Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela_The_defence_of_the_Sampo.png|thumb|250px|right|''Die Verteidigung des Sampo'' durch [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich graduierte von der [[Louisiana Bundesstaat-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20634445 2006-08-25T12:38:44Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela_The_defence_of_the_Sampo.png|thumb|250px|right|&quot;The defence of the [[Sampo]]&quot; by [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich graduierte von der [[Louisiana Bundesstaat-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20634343 2006-08-25T12:36:33Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[w:Image:Gallen-Kallela The defence of the Sampo.jpg|thumb|250px|right|&quot;The defence of the [[Sampo]]&quot; by [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich graduierte von der [[Louisiana Bundesstaat-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20634295 2006-08-25T12:35:39Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: /* Bienvenue */</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela The defence of the Sampo.jpg|thumb|250px|right|&quot;The defence of the [[Sampo]]&quot; by [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich graduierte von der [[Louisiana Bundesstaat-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20634226 2006-08-25T12:34:18Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela The defence of the Sampo.jpg|thumb|250px|right|&quot;The defence of the [[Sampo]]&quot; by [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich graduierte von der [[Louisiana State University|Louisiana Republik-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20634208 2006-08-25T12:33:46Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela The defence of the Sampo.jpg|thumb|250px|right|&quot;The defence of the [[Sampo]]&quot; by [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich [[graduierte]] von der [[Louisiana State University|Louisiana Republik-Universität]] in [[Baton Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissance studien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20634168 2006-08-25T12:32:48Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela The defence of the Sampo.jpg|thumb|250px|right|&quot;The defence of the [[Sampo]]&quot; by [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich [[graduierte]] von der [[Louisiana Republik-Universität]] in [[Baton-Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissancestudien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20634122 2006-08-25T12:31:40Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: /* Bienvenue */</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela The defence of the Sampo.jpg|thumb|250px|right|&quot;The defence of the [[Sampo]]&quot; by [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Meine Gedanken== <br /> <br /> * [[Huzzah]]! Unten mit [[Pluto]]!<br /> Dieses planetarische imposter ist degradiert durch das IAU gewesen.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Meine Gedanken==<br /> <br /> Hurrah! [[Pluto]] sinkt vom [[planetarischen]] Vergnügen ab!<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> Bienvenue und Wilkommen Sie! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]] von [[Louisiana]]. Ich [[graduierte]] von der [[Louisiana Republik-Universität]] in [[Baton-Rouge]]. (Gehen [[Tiger]]!)<br /> <br /> Meine Interessen schließen ein: <br /> * [[Schreiben]]<br /> * [[Weltliteratur]]<br /> * [[Renaissancestudien]]<br /> * [[Linguistik]]<br /> * [[Folklore]]<br /> <br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20633122 2006-08-25T12:08:53Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: /* Bienvenue */</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela The defence of the Sampo.jpg|thumb|250px|right|&quot;The defence of the [[Sampo]]&quot; by [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Meine Gedanken== <br /> <br /> * [[Huzzah]]! Unten mit [[Pluto]]!<br /> Dieses planetarische imposter ist degradiert durch das IAU gewesen.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> [[Bienvenue]]! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]], das in [[Louisiana]] wohnt. Ich besitze ein [[Nichtgraduiertgrad]] von [[Louisiana Landesuniversität]] in [[Baton-Rouge]]. (Geaux [[Tigeren]]!). Schließen meine Interessen ein: <br /> <br /> * kreatives Schreiben<br /> * Weltliteratur<br /> * Renaissancestudien<br /> * Linguistik<br /> * Folklore<br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20633059 2006-08-25T12:07:15Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: /* Bienvenue */</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela The defence of the Sampo.jpg|thumb|250px|right|&quot;The defence of the [[Sampo]]&quot; by [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Meine Gedanken== <br /> <br /> * [[Huzzah]]! Unten mit [[Pluto]]!<br /> Dieses planetarische imposter ist degradiert durch das IAU gewesen.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> [[Bienvenue]]! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]], das in [[Louisiana]] wohnt. Ich besitze ein [[Nichtgraduiertgrad]] von [[Louisiana State University]] in [[Baton-Rouge]]. (Geaux [[Tigeren]]!). Schließen meine Interessen ein: <br /> <br /> * kreatives Schreiben<br /> * Weltliteratur<br /> * Renaissancestudien<br /> * Linguistik<br /> * Folklore<br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Sampo_Torgo&diff=20632990 2006-08-25T12:05:43Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Gallen-Kallela The defence of the Sampo.jpg|thumb|250px|right|&quot;The defence of the [[Sampo]]&quot; by [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]]]]<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Meine Gedanken== <br /> <br /> * [[Huzzah]]! Unten mit [[Pluto]]!<br /> Dieses planetarische imposter ist degradiert durch das IAU gewesen.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==Bienvenue==<br /> <br /> [[Bienvenue]]! Ich bin '''Sampo''', ein [[Cajun]], das in [[Louisiana]] wohnt. Ich besitze ein [[Nichtgraduiertgrad]] von [[LSU]] in [[Baton-Rouge]]. (Geaux [[Tigeren]]!). Schließen meine Interessen ein: <br /> <br /> * kreatives Schreiben<br /> * Weltliteratur<br /> * Renaissancestudien<br /> * Linguistik<br /> * Folklore<br /> <br /> ''Sampo''. [[w:MST3K|Was ist es?]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ein-Staat-L%C3%B6sung&diff=57885349 2006-08-24T06:33:50Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: /* Binationalism since 2003 */ links</p> <hr /> <div>'''''Binational solution''''' is a term most often used in reference to a proposed resolution of the [[Israeli-Palestinian conflict]]. It is also known as the '''One-State Solution''', as opposed to the [[Two-state solution|Two-State Solution]].<br /> <br /> Proponents of a binational solution to the conflict advocate a common state in historic [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] shared between [[Jew]]ish and [[Arab]] populations. All of the [[West Bank]] and [[Gaza Strip]] would be annexed to [[Israel]], with their [[Palestinian]] Arab inhabitants given citizenship and an equal status to the Jewish and Arab citizens of present-day Israel. The new state would have a secular character rather than being dominated by [[Judaism]].<br /> <br /> The idea is immensely controversial. It has been around for decades with relatively little impact, but in 2003 the demographic challenge, that is, the potential for a near-term majority Arab population and a minority population of Jews west of the [[Jordan river]] brought the binational proposition back to centre stage.<br /> <br /> == Binationalism before 1947 ==<br /> Binational proposals for a common Jewish-Arab state in Palestine have existed since at least the 1920s. In 1925, the journalist Robert Weltsch established [[Brit Shalom]] (Covenant of Peace) to promote Jewish-Arab understanding in Palestine. Brit Shalom, which functioned until 1933, stood on a platform of creating &quot;a binational state in which the two peoples will enjoy equal rights as befits the two elements shaping the country's destiny, irrespective of which of the two is numerically superior at any given time&quot; (from their first publication ''Our Aspirations'', 1927). It had a few hundred members, mostly European-born intellectuals like [[Martin Buber]]. The general concept of binationalism was to be adopted by other minority [[Zionism|Zionist]] groups, like [[Hashomer Hatzair]] and [[Mapam]], Kedmah Mizracha, the Ichud and the League for Jewish-Arab Rapprochement. <br /> <br /> Before 1947, many leading Jewish intellectuals were firmly convinced that a binational state could be formed through partnership. One of the most prominent and forceful early advocates of binationalism was [[Martin Buber]], a renowned Jewish theologian. In 1939, shortly after he emigrated from [[Germany]] to [[British Mandate of Palestine|British-ruled Palestine]], he replied to a letter by [[Mahatma Gandhi]], who thought that &quot;Palestine belongs to the Arabs&quot; and the Jews &quot;should make that country their home where they were born.&quot; Buber rejected this idea but agreed that there had to be a consensus between Jews and Arabs in Palestine. He believed that Jews and Arabs needed to <br /> &quot;develop the land together without one imposing his will on the other&quot;. In 1947, he wrote, &quot;we describe our programme as that of a bi-national state - that is, we aim at a social structure based on the reality of two peoples living together... This is what we need and not a &quot;Jewish state&quot;; for any national state in vast, hostile surroundings could mean pre-meditated national suicide.&quot;<br /> <br /> [[Hannah Arendt]], known for her analyses of [[totalitarianism]] and [[fascism]], also resisted the extremism that she saw as seizing the Zionist movement in 1947. In an article in the May 1948 issue of [[Commentary]], she wrote,<br /> <br /> :&quot;A federated state, finally could be the natural stepping stone for any later, greater federated structure in the Near East and the Mediterranean area...The real goal of the Jews in Palestine is the building up of a Jewish homeland. This goal must never be sacrificed to the pseudo-sovereignty of a Jewish state.&quot;<br /> <br /> In the 1947 UN Special Committee on Palestine Report of Subcommittee Two, three draft solutions to the Palestine conflict are proposed. The third solution called for a unitary democratic state in [[British Mandate of Palestine]]. Another proposal, the Morrison Grady Plan, is a British proposal presented by [[Herbert Morrison]] in July 1946, calling for federalization under overall British Trusteeship. Ultimately, both solutions failed to win the majority of the UN General Assembly.<br /> <br /> After the [[1947 UN Partition Plan]] demonstrated international support for the two-state solution, most of the opposition to the concept of a Jewish state, including binationalisms espoused by Martin Buber and Hannah Arendt, evaporated. During this climate change, Arendt also chronicled the sudden repression of dissent in the Zionist movement. After 1947, the official Zionist policy advocated a &quot;[[Jewish state]]&quot;.<br /> <br /> ==Binationalism, 1948-1973==<br /> With the establishment of Israel in May 1948, a binational solution became largely moot when much of Israel's native Arab population was displaced in the ensuing conflict. Some aspects of the binational ideal - such as equal political rights for the remaining Arabs - were granted in principle, but this was limited by the Israeli leadership's determination that the country would have a Jewish majority and political leadership. Successive Israeli governments have pursued a policy of encouraging Jewish immigration to Israel, known as ''[[aliyah]]'', which guaranteed the Jewish majority.<br /> <br /> On the Arab side, the idea of a binational solution was generally rejected by the Arab national movement, which saw little to gain from it; the Arab leadership were opposed to their people becoming a minority in what they saw as their own country. From their point of view, the huge influx of Jews from Europe and the Middle East represented a gigantic colonisation project, which many saw as being a recreation of the medieval Crusader kingdoms. The Crusades were (and still are) an event seared on Arab collective memory, as was their outcome - the defeat of the Crusaders by [[Saladin]] and the subsequent expulsion of the European settlers. A binational solution was not, in other words, something that had any precedent in the Arab history of Palestine.<br /> <br /> The binational ideal did not disappear altogether during this period, despite its lack of support, and was given a boost following Israel capturing Gaza from [[Egypt]] and the West Bank from [[Jordan]] in the [[Six Day War]] of 1967. Israel's victory over its neighbours was greeted by euphoria within Israel, but some critical Israeli and foreign observers quickly recognised the new territories had potential to pose a major long-term problem. <br /> <br /> In the aftermath of the war, there was considerable debate about what to do next. Should the territories be annexed to Israel? In which case, what would be done with the Palestinians? Should they be given citizenship, although that would significantly dilute Israel's Jewish majority? Could they be expelled ''en masse'', although that would come at a terrible cost to Israel's reputation? Should the territories be returned to Arab rule? In which case, how would Israel's security be guaranteed? In the event, the Israel government fudged the question by implementing the controversial policy of Jewish settlements in the territories, establishing &quot;facts on the ground&quot; while keeping open the question of the Palestinians' long-term fate.<br /> <br /> The dilemma prompted some foreign supporters of Israel, such as the crusading American journalist [[I.F. Stone]], to revive the idea of a binational state. This found little favour in Israel or elsewhere and the binational solution tended to be presented not so much as a potential resolution of the conflict as a disastrous outcome risked by Israeli government policies. As early as 1973, the prospect of a binational state was being used by prominent figures on the Israel left to warn against holding on to the territories. [[Histadrut]] Secretary General I. Ben-Aharon, for instance, warned in a March 1973 article for ''The Jerusalem Post'' that Israel could not have any real control over a binational state and that Israelis should be satisfied with a state already containing a sizable Arab minority -- that is, Israel proper.<br /> <br /> ==Binationalism 1973 - 2002 ==<br /> The outcome of the 1973 [[Yom Kippur War]] prompted a fundamental political rethink among the Palestinian leadership. It was realised that Israel's military strength and, crucially, its alliance with the United States made it unlikely that it could be defeated militarily. In December 1974, [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] (PLO) declared that a binational state was the only viable solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The change in policy was met with considerable confusion, as it was official PLO policy to replace Israel with a secular and democratic state with a full right of return for all displaced Palestinians, including the Jews who were living in Palestine before 1948. This would effectively have ended Israel's Jewish majority and, by secularising the state, would have weakened its exclusive Jewish character. In short, a binational state on the PLO's terms would mean a different kind of Israel. This prospect is strongly opposed by various sides in Israeli politics.<br /> <br /> Despite this, opposition to binationalism was not absolute. Some of those on the Israel right associated with the settler movement were willing to contemplate a binational state as long as it was established on Zionist terms. Members of [[Menachem Begin]]'s [[Likud]] government in the late 1970s were willing to support the idea if it would ensure formal Israeli sovereignty in the West Bank and Gaza. Begin's chief of staff, Eliahu Ben-Elissar, told the ''[[Washington Post]]'' in November 1979 that &quot;we can live with them and they can live with us. I would prefer they were Israeli citizens, but I am not afraid of a binational state. In any case, it will always be a [[Jewish state]] with a large Arab minority.&quot;<br /> <br /> In the mean time, there were considerable internal dissent in adopting the one state solution on the Palestinian side. The Oslo Accords in 1993 raised the hope for a two-state solution, even though the Accords are rejected by various factions on the Palestinian side, including the [[Hamas]], the [[Palestinian Islamic Jihad]] and the [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]]. The Oslo Accords were never fully adopted and implemented by both sides. After the [[Second Intifada]] in 2000, many believe that the two-state solution is increasingly losing its appeal.<br /> <br /> == The Friedlander-Goldscheider study ==<br /> In 1980, [[Hebrew University]] professors Dov Friedlander and Calvin Goldscheider published a highly influential study entitled &quot;The Population of Israel,&quot; which concluded that - even allowing for a big increase in Jewish immigration - the high birth rate among Arabs would erode the Jewish majority within a few decades. The two [[demography|demographers]] predicted that the total population of Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza strip would be 6.7 million by 1990, and some 10 million by the year 2010. By that time, the Jewish population could be only 45% of the total. Friedlander and Goldscheider warned that maintaining Israeli rule in the territories would ultimately endanger the Jewish majority in Israel. [[Ariel Sharon]], then Agriculture Minister in Begin's government, rejected this conclusion; he claimed that Jews would make up 64% of the population in Israel-Palestine by the year 2000 if Jewish immigration remained at the rate of about 30,000 a year, although he did not cite any sources for this estimate. <br /> <br /> The conclusions of the Friedlander-Goldscheider study soon became a hot political issue between Israel's two main parties, [[Likud]] and [[Labour Party (Israel)|Labour]], in the June 1981 parliamentary elections. Both parties opposed withdrawal to the pre-1967 borders or setting up a Palestinian state, and both supported building more Jewish settlements in the territories and maintaining exclusive Israeli control over Jerusalem. However, Labour argued for building settlements only in areas Israel intended to keep, while handing the rest back to Jordan. Likud was strongly critical of this proposal, claiming that the result would be a binational state spelling &quot;the end of the Zionist endeavour.&quot; Many on the left of Israeli politics were already warning that without a clean separation from the Palestinians, the outcome would be either a binational state by default (thus ending Israel's Jewish character) or a South African-style &quot;[[Bantustan]]&quot; with a Jewish minority forcibly ruling a disenfranchised Arab majority (thus ending Israel's claims to be a democracy).<br /> <br /> In the event, Begin won the election and announced (in May 1982) a formal policy of &quot;extending state sovereignty ... over Judea, Samaria and the Gaza Strip&quot; accompanied by a major expansion of Jewish settlement and the granting of &quot;full autonomy&quot; to the Palestinians. <br /> <br /> On the Palestinian side, the Israeli opposition to a binational state led to another change of position which evolved gradually from the late 1970s onwards. The PLO retained its original option of a single secular binational state west of Jordan, but began to take the position that it was prepared to accept a separate Palestinian state in the West Bank and Gaza in land from which Israel had withdrawn under [[UN Security Council Resolution 242|Security Council Resolution 242]]. Settlements would need to be dismantled and Palestinian refugees allowed to return (to Israel as well as the new Palestine). This new position, formally adopted in December 1988, was overwhelmingly rejected by Israeli public opinion and the main political parties but was subsequently used as the basis of peace discussions in the 1990s.<br /> <br /> == Binationalism since 2003==<br /> <br /> Since 2003, there have been renewed interest on binationalism. For example, in 2003, New York University scholar [[Tony Judt]] wrote an article titled &quot;Israel: The Alternative&quot; in the [[New York Review of Books]]. In the article, Judt deemed the two-state solution as fundamentally doomed and unworkable. <br /> <br /> Other leftist journalists from Israel, such as Haim Hanegbi and Daniel Gavron, are also calling the public to face the facts and accept the binational solution. This article has engendered a frenzy media blitz in the UK and US. The New York Review of Books received more than one thousand letters per week on the essay. On the Palestinian side, similar voices are raised. In 1999, Edward Said wrote in The End of Peace Process: Oslo and After: &quot;The problem is that Palestinian self-determination in a separate state is unworkable.&quot; Several high-level [[Fatah]] Palestinian Authority officials have voiced similar rhetorics, including Prime Minister [[Ahmed Qurei]], Hani Al-Masri. “Time is running out for a two-state solution,” Britain’s [[The Guardian]] newspaper quoted [[Yasser Arafat]] as saying in an interview from his West Bank headquarters in 2004. Many political analysts, including Omar Barghouti, believe that the death of Arafat harbingers the bankruptcy of the [[Oslo Accords]] and the [[Two-State Solution]]. <br /> <br /> Today, the prominent proponents for the one-state solution include Palestinian lawyer, Michael Tarazi [http://www.globalpolicy.org/nations/sovereign/sover/emerg/2004/1004onetwo.htm *], Jeff Halper [http://fromoccupiedpalestine.org/node.php?id=772 *], and Israeli writer Dan Gavron [http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?ItemID=4693 *]. They cite the expansion of the Israeli Settler movement, especially in the West Bank, as a compelling rationale for binationalism and the increased unfeasibility of the two-state alternative. They advocate a secular and democratic state while still maintaining a Jewish presence and culture in the region. They concede that this alternative will erode the dream of Jewish supremacy in terms of governance in the long run.<br /> <br /> After the 2006 election of the Palestinian parliament, [[Hamas]] claimed the majority of the parliamentary seats. Hamas rejected the [[Two-State Solution]] in principle. Claiming &quot;Palestine is an Islamic [[Waqf]]&quot;, Hamas believe that &quot;it is possible for the members of the three religions: Islam, Christianity and Judaism to coexist in safety and security...only under the shadow of Islam.&quot; Facing the Hamas challenge, in June 2006, Palestinian President [[Mahmoud Abbas]] called for a controversial referendum by Palestinians on whether to proceed with negotiations for a two-state solution with Israel.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Judah Leon Magnes]]<br /> * [[Martin Buber]]<br /> * [[Hannah Arendt]]<br /> * [[Hugo Bergmann]]<br /> * [['ichud|’ichūdh]]<br /> * [[Seif Islam Qaddafi proposal]]<br /> * [[Tony Judt]]<br /> * [[Two-state solution]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> * &quot;Palestine - Divided or United? The Case for a Bi-National Palestine before the United Nations&quot; by M. Reiner; Lord Samuel; E. Simon; M. Smilansky; Judah Leon Magnes. Ihud Jerusalem 1947. Includes submitted written and oral testimony before UNSCOP; IHud's Proposals include: political, immigration, land, development (Reprinted Greenwood Press Reprint, Westport, CT, 1983, ISBN 0837126177)<br /> * Hattis, Susan Lee. The Binational Idea in Palestine during Mandatory Times. Haifa: Shikmona, 1970.<br /> * &quot;Begin Loyalist Given Inside Track for Dayan's Job,&quot; ''Washington Post'', November 14, 1979<br /> * &quot;The Population of Israel,&quot; Friedlander D. and Goldscheider C., Hebrew University, 1980<br /> * &quot;Fifteen Years' Successful Conquest Has Wounded Israel's Soul,&quot; ''Washington Post'', June 6, 1982<br /> * &quot;Demography in the Land of Israel in the Year 2000,&quot; Sofer A., Haifa University, 1987<br /> * Mendes-Flohr, Paul R. A Land of Two Peoples: Martin Buber on Jews and Arabs. Gloucester, Mass: Peter Smith, 1994.<br /> * &quot;Jewish and Democratic? A Rejoinder to the &quot;Ethnic Democracy&quot; Debate,&quot; Gavison, R., ''Israel Studies'', March 31, 1999<br /> * Leon, Dan. Binationalism: A Bridge over the Chasm. Palestine-Israel Journal, July 31, 1999.<br /> * Tilley, Virginia. The One-State Solution : A Breakthrough for Peace in the Israeli-Palestinian Deadlock, University of Michigan Press, May 2005<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=383879] Haaretz Special Report &quot;Is the two-state solution in danger?&quot; 2004<br /> * [http://www.one-state.org] ONE-STATE.org - a web campaign for one-state in Israel/Palestine, Temporarily Unavailable on June 2006<br /> * ''Putting the Pieces Together?'' a [http://bostonreview.net/ndf.html#Binationalism Forum on Binationalism] in [http://bostonreview.net/ The Boston Review] December 2001/January 2002<br /> *{{cite web | author=Alternative Palestinian Agenda| year=| title=Proposal for an Alternative Configuration in Palestine-Israel | work=Alternative Palestinian Agenda | url=http://www.ap-agenda.org/initiative.htm | accessdate=February 26 | accessyear=2006}}<br /> * [http://www.nybooks.com/articles/16671] The New York Review of Books: Israel: The Alternative by Tony Judt, October 23, 2003<br /> * [http://www.lrb.co.uk/v25/n21/till01_.html] The London Review of Books: The One-State Solution by Virginia Tilley, November 2003 <br /> * [http://www.thenation.com/doc/20031103/lazare] The Nation. The One-State Solution by Daniel Lazare, November 3, 2003<br /> <br /> [[Category:Israeli-Palestinian conflict]]<br /> [[Category:Middle East peace efforts]]<br /> <br /> [[eo:Dunacia solvo]]<br /> [[fr:État bi-national]]</div>

Sampo Torgo https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern_Conference&diff=59913025 2004-09-29T04:30:24Z

<p>Sampo Torgo: hyperlinks</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:SouthernConference_100.png|right|Southern Conference]]<br /> <br /> The '''Southern Conference''' (or '''SoCon''') is a [[College Athletic Conference]] affiliated with the [[NCAA]]'s Division I-AA for football and Division I for all other sports. Member institutions are located in the states of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[North Carolina]], [[South Carolina]], [[Tennessee]], and [[Virginia]]. Formed in 1921 as a result of a split from the [[Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association]], the Southern Conference ranks as the fourth oldest major college athletic conference in the United States.<br /> <br /> '''Charter members''' included Alabama, Auburn, Clemson, Georgia, Georgia Tech, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi State, North Carolina, North Carolina State, Tennessee, Virginia, Virginia Tech, and Washington &amp; Lee. <br /> <br /> The SoCon is particularly notable for having spawned two other major conferences. In 1932, 13 schools located south and west of the Appalachians ([[University of Alabama|Alabama]], [[Auburn University|Auburn]], [[University of Florida|Florida]], [[University of Georgia|Georgia]], [[Georgia Institute of Technology|Georgia Tech]], [[University of Kentucky|Kentucky]], [[LSU]], [[University of Mississippi|Ole Miss]], [[Mississippi State University|Mississippi State]], [[University of the South|Sewanee]], [[University of Tennessee|Tennessee]], [[Tulane University|Tulane]], and [[Vanderbilt University|Vanderbilt]]) departed the SoCon to form the [[Southeastern Conference]]. In 1953, seven schools ([[Clemson University|Clemson]], [[Duke University|Duke]], [[University of Maryland|Maryland]], [[University of North Carolina|North Carolina]], [[North Carolina State University|NC State]], [[University of South Carolina|South Carolina]], and [[Wake Forest University|Wake Forest)]] withdrew from the SoCon to form the [[Atlantic Coast Conference]].<br /> <br /> Other '''former members''' (in addition to those listed above) include [[Marshall University|Marhsall]] (1977-1996), [[University of Richmond|Richmond]] (1936-1976), [[University of Virginia|Virginia]] (1921-1937), [[Virginia Military Institute]] (1925-2003), [[Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University|Virginia Tech]] (1921-1964), [[Washington and Lee University|Washington &amp; Lee]] (1921-19??), [[College of William and Mary|William &amp; Mary]] (1936-19??), and [[West Virginia University|West Virginia]] (1950-1967).<br /> <br /> ==Current members (and year joined)==<br /> *[[Appalachian State University]] (1972)<br /> *[[University of Tennessee at Chattanooga]] [=Chattanooga] (1977)<br /> *[[The Citadel]] (1936)<br /> *[[College of Charleston]] (1998) [no football program]<br /> *[[Davidson College]] (1936) [basketball-only member]<br /> *[[East Tennessee State University]] (1979) [no football program]<br /> *[[Elon University]] (2003)<br /> *[[Furman University]] (1936)<br /> *[[Georgia Southern University]] (1992)<br /> *[[University of North Carolina at Greensboro]] [=UNC-Greensboro] (1997) [basketball only]<br /> *[[Virginia Military Institute]] [wrestling-only member]<br /> *[[Western Carolina University]] (1977)<br /> *[[Wofford College]] (1997)<br /> <br /> ==External link==<br /> *[http://www.soconsports.com/ Official Internet home of the Southern Conference]<br /> [[Category:College athletics conferences]]</div>

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