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BBC Cymru Wales

2014-08-26T20:51:17Z

ProcEnforce:

{{Infobox BBC nation or region
| name = BBC Cymru Wales
| image = [[File:BBC_Cymru_Wales_logo.svg|250px]]
| headquarters = [[Broadcasting House (Cardiff)|Broadcasting House]], [[Llandaff]], [[Cardiff]]
| area = [[Wales]]
| nation =
| regions =
| tvstations = [[BBC One Wales]] [[BBC Two Wales]]
| tvtransmitters =[[Blaenplwyf transmitting station|Blaenplwyf]] [[Carmel transmitting station|Carmel]] [[Llanddona transmitting station|Llanddona]] [[Moel-y-Parc transmitting station|Moel-y-Parc]] [[Preseli transmitting station|Preseli]] [[Wenvoe transmitting station|Wenvoe]]
| launched = {{start date and age|1964|2|9|50 years}}
| closeddate =
| replaced =
| replacedby =
| radiostations = [[BBC Radio Wales]] [[BBC Radio Cymru]]
| radiotransmitters =
| keypeople = Rhodri Talfan Davies (Director of BBC Cymru Wales)
| website = [http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales BBC Wales] {{en icon}} [http://www.bbc.co.uk/cymru BBC Cymru] {{cy icon}}

}}
'''BBC Cymru Wales''' (an amalgamation of the '''{{lang-en|BBC Wales}}''' and the '''{{lang-cy|BBC Cymru}}''') is a division of the [[BBC]], and the national broadcaster for Wales.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/cymruwales/whatwedo|title = BBC - What we do - About BBC Cymru Wales|date = |accessdate = 26th August 2014|website = BBC - What we do - About BBC Cymru Wales|publisher = BBC|last = |first = |page = "BBC Cymru Wales is the nation's broadcaster"}}</ref> Established in 1964, BBC Cymru Wales is based in [[Cardiff]] and directly employs some 1,200 people to produce a range of programmes for television, radio and online services in both English and Welsh.<ref name="Rhodri Taflan Davies BBC bio">{{cite web|title=Rhodri Talfan Davies, Director, BBC Cymru Wales|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/biographies/rhodritalfandavies.html|work=About the BBC|publisher=BBC|accessdate=21 May 2012}}</ref>

==Services==
===Television===
BBC Cymru Wales operates two television services, [[BBC One Wales]] and [[BBC Two Wales]], which can opt out of the network feed of these two channels to broadcast additional regional programming as well. These two channels broadcast a variety of programmes in English, including the flagship news programme ''[[BBC Wales Today]]'' which broadcasts several bulletins throughout the day in addition to the main evening programme.

In addition to these two channels, BBC Cymru Wales is also required to provide programmes in [[Welsh language|Welsh]], which it supplies to the Welsh channel [[S4C]] free of charge using the BBC Cymru brand.<ref>{{cite web|title=About BBC Wales|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/info/|publisher=BBC|accessdate=22 May 2012}}</ref> These programmes include a Welsh news service ''[[Newyddion]]'', covering international, UK and Welsh news, and a soap opera ''[[Pobol y Cwm]]'', the longest running television soap opera made by the BBC.

===Radio===
BBC Cymru Wales also operates two radio stations covering the entire country. [[BBC Radio Wales]] is the English language network, broadcasting various local programmes for approximately 20 hours a day and simulcasting the [[BBC World Service]] during the stations down time. Equally, [[BBC Radio Cymru]] broadcasts Welsh programmes for approximately the same time and covering a wide variety of genres: a specifically branded youth section [[C2 (radio)|C2]] contributes to this by broadcasting songs from the pop and rock genres. While off air, Radio Cymru simulcasts [[BBC Radio 5 Live]]'s overnight programme.

===Online & Interactive===
BBC Cymru Wales operates its own mini-site on [[BBC Online]] as well as providing news and features for other areas of BBC Online. In addition, news stories are also provided for the [[BBC Red Button]] interactive service.

===BBC National Orchestra of Wales===
BBC Cymru Wales employs a full-time orchestra, the [[BBC National Orchestra of Wales]], who give concerts in Cardiff, Swansea and across Wales. The majority of the orchestra's concerts are recorded for broadcast on [[BBC Radio 3]], BBC Radio Wales and BBC Radio Cymru.

==History==
The first broadcast in Wales was on 13 February 1923<ref name="BBC CW History 23-66">{{cite web|title=Our History 1923-1966|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/info/sites/management/pages/history1.shtml|work=About BBC Cymru Wales|publisher=BBC Cymru Wales|accessdate=22 May 2012}}</ref> from the radio station 5WA, later to become part of the [[BBC Regional Programme]] and in 1939 the [[BBC Home Service]]. During this time, the region was served from a variety of bases around Wales. During [[World War II]], the regional services all ceased and broadcast the Home Service from [[London]], although some Welsh content was included.<ref name="BBC CW History 23-66"/> The BBC's Bangor base played host to the BBC Variety Department during the war, although this fact was never officially announced.<ref name="BBC CW History 23-66"/>

The first television signals in Wales came on 15 August 1952 from the newly constructed [[Wenvoe transmitting station|Wenvoe transmitter]]. The transmitter itself broadcast the national [[BBC One|BBC Television]] service. The region would gain some significance when, in 1957, the [[BBC West]] region from [[Bristol]] was established including a small news bulletin for Wales.<ref name="BBC CW History 23-66"/>

[[File:Broadcasting House, Cardiff.jpg|thumb|right|Broadcasting House]]

The launch of BBC Cymru Wales on 9 February 1964 however provided a service specific for the country. The new service was heavily promoted through promotions (proclaiming that ''Wales gets its very own TV service in 1964!'') and hand-drawn information films using the sound of Welsh choirs to explain about interference from the mountains.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of BBC Wales|url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbc_wales/history.html|publisher=TVARK|accessdate=30 December 2011}}</ref> Two years later in 1966, BBC Cymru Wales' new headquarters at [[Broadcasting House (Cardiff)|Broadcasting House]] in Cardiff opened and the first colour broadcast for Wales came from there in 1970.<ref name="BBC CW History 66-11">{{cite web|title=Our History 1966-2011|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/info/sites/management/pages/history2.shtml|work=About BBC Cymru Wales|publisher=BBC Cymru Wales|accessdate=22 May 2012}}</ref>

Following the end of World War II, the BBC Home Service continued its regional opt-outs, including an opt-out service for Wales. This opt-out continued after the change from the Home service to [[BBC Radio 4]] and paved the way for the full [[BBC Radio Wales]] and [[BBC Radio Cymru]] services in 1977.<ref name="BBC CW History 66-11"/>

[[File:Diwrnod Agored BBC Cymru Wales Open Day - geograph.org.uk - 1600043.jpg|thumb|left|200px|BBC Cymru Wales outside broadcast bus, 2009]]
Prior to 1982, BBC Cymru Wales on television provided programmes in both English and Welsh, with the news programme ''[[Heddiw]]'' and ''Pobol y Cwm'' forming the bulk of the latter programming. However, this changed with the launch of [[S4C]] on 1 November 1982 as all Welsh programming on both the BBC and the [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] contractor [[ITV Wales & West|HTV]] was transferred to the new channel. ''Pobol y Cwm'' made the move to the new channel while ''Heddiw'' was relaunched as ''Newyddion''.

As the digital age began in the late 1990s, BBC Cymru Wales also expanded their services. The first web pages for Wales began to appear on [[BBC Online]] in 1997, including a variety of features surrounding programming, schedules, community events and other stories.<ref name="BBC CW History 66-11"/><ref>{{cite web|title=BBC Wales Online (1998)|url=http://web.archive.org/web/19980711013137/http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/|publisher=Internet Archive/BBC Cymru Wales|accessdate=25 May 2012}}</ref> The following year, BBC Wales gained additional air time through the use of a late prime-time to midnight opt-out from new digital channel [[BBC Choice]].<ref name="BBC CW History 66-11"/> This lasted until opt-outs ended on the channel in 2001; subsequently BBC Wales opted out of the [[BBC Two]] prime-time schedule on digital platforms to broadcast [[BBC 2W]].<ref name="BBC CW History 66-11"/><ref name="BBC 2W launch">{{cite news|title=BBC Wales launches new channel|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/1626717.stm|accessdate=25 May 2012|newspaper=BBC News|date=29 October 2001}}</ref> This latter service closed on 2 January 2009 – prior to the [[Digital television transition|digital switchover]] which would have ceased separate broadcasting on analogue and digital.<ref name="BBC 2W closure">{{cite news|title=Up to 155 jobs to go at BBC Wales|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/7050834.stm|accessdate=25 May 2012|newspaper=BBC News|date=18 October 2007}}</ref>

Expansion in the number of drama productions handled by BBC Cymru Wales since 2011 has resulted in the construction and opening on a new studio centre in Cardiff.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Moore|first1=Rowan|title=Roath Lock studios, Cardiff – review|url=http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/mar/25/roath-lock-cardiff-bbc-studios-review|accessdate=11 June 2014|publisher=The Observer|date=25 March 2012}}</ref>

==Studios==
[[File:BBC Cymru Wales 01 977.PNG|thumb|left|upright|BBC Cymru Wales building in Bangor, Gwynedd.]]
{{see also|List of BBC properties}}

The current headquarters of BBC Cymru Wales is located within [[Broadcasting House (Cardiff)|Broadcasting House]], [[Llandaff]], [[Cardiff]].<ref name="BBC CW History 66-11"/> The studio centre was built in 1966 and opened the following year as a purpose built location to house the expanding presence of the BBC in Cardiff.<ref name="BBC CW History 66-11"/> The centre contained studios for the news programmes, radio space including that used by the [[BBC National Orchestra of Wales]] until 2009, and another studio for drama productions constructed in the mid-1970s.<ref name=TVStudioHistory>{{cite web|last=Kempton|first=Martin|title=Rest of Britain today|url=http://www.tvstudiohistory.co.uk/rest%20of%20britain.htm#current bbc|work=TV Studio History|accessdate=25 May 2012}}</ref>

Previously, the BBC in Wales had been located in a converted chapel in Broadway, Cardiff and in temporary accommodation at BBC Broadcasting Centre on the banks of the [[River Taff]].<ref name="BBC CW History 23-66"/> While these studios played host to drama, entertainment and regional programmes, the site was still not ideal. The site only held two studios, both located in the church, and the ability to broadcast film was not installed on the site for several years; film played into programmes from a telecine machine in Bristol or London and film processing for news was carried out by a firm called Park Pictures in Cardiff until BBC processing was installed in Stacey Road.

[[File:Roath Lock BBC studios.jpg|thumb|right|BBC Cymru Wales' [[Roath Lock]] studio complex.]]
The expansion of BBC Cymru Wales' productions in recent years has resulted in investment for new studios. To gain extra capacity, BBC Wales invested into [[Upper Boat Studios]] in [[Pontypridd]] to house several productions, notable centred around ''[[Doctor Who]]'' and its sister productions ''[[Torchwood]]'' and ''[[The Sarah Jane Adventures]]''. Despite the investment in Upper Boat, the studio complex soon became too small to house new productions being moved to the BBC Nations.<ref name="BBC evicts top shows from London">{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7672479.stm | work=BBC News | title=BBC evicts top shows from London | date=15 October 2008 | accessdate=30 March 2010}}</ref> As part of this decision, it was decided in March 2009 that BBC productions ''[[Casualty (TV series)|Casualty]]'' and ''[[Crimewatch]]'' were to relocate from their former homes at BBC Bristol network production unit to [[Cardiff]].<ref name="BBC evicts top shows from London"/>

To house these new programmes, a new 170,000 sq ft studio complex was built, designed to house the productions of ''Doctor Who'', ''The Sarah Jane Adventures'', ''Casualty'', ''[[Upstairs Downstairs (2010 TV series)|Upstairs Downstairs]]'', and ''Pobol y Cwm''. Located in [[Porth Teigr]], [[Cardiff Bay]], [[Roath Lock]] Studios gained permission in January 2009<ref name="Guardian Roath Lock build">{{cite news|last=Brown|first=Maggie|title=BBC Cardiff drama village takes shape|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2010/oct/08/bbc-cardiff-drama-village|accessdate=25 May 2012|newspaper=Guardian|date=8 October 2010}}</ref> and construction began in June 2010<ref name="Roath Lock BBC construction">{{cite news|title=Work starts on BBC Wales drama village in Cardiff Bay|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10402789|accessdate=25 May 2012|newspaper=BBC News|date=24 June 2010}}</ref> with the building topping out in February 2011. Production began at the site in autumn 2011<ref name="Guardian Roath Lock build"/> and the site was officially opened on 12 March 2012.<ref name="BBC Roath Lock opening video">{{cite news|last=Palit|first=Nick|title=BBC Roath Lock studios: Official opening in Cardiff Bay|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-17346220|accessdate=25 May 2012|newspaper=BBC News|date=12 March 2012}}</ref> As a result, ''Pobol y Cwm'' moved from the Llandaff studios and ''Doctor Who'' moved from Upper Boat studios to the new complex, with ''Casualty'' joining them at the site. Despite being designed to house them, the site never housed the ''Sarah Jane Adventures'', following the death of main actress [[Elisabeth Sladen]] in 2011, or ''Upstairs Downstairs'', following the series' cancellation.

It was announced in August 2013 that the Llandaff studios would close in the next few years and that the headquarters of BBC Cymru Wales would subsequently move to a new, modern site.<ref>{{cite web|title=BBC’s Cardiff headquarters to relocate|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/ariel/23530707|website=Ariel|publisher=BBC|accessdate=11 June 2014|date=1 August 2013}}</ref> In June 2014 it was announced that the new headquarters would be on the site of [[Cardiff Central bus station]] and will house 1000 staff and will have around half the floor space of the Llandaff base with 70% less studio space, as a result of the opening of Roath Lock.<ref>{{cite web|title=BBC Wales HQ to move to Cardiff city centre|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/ariel/27764027|website=Ariel|publisher=BBC|accessdate=11 June 2014|date=10 June 2014}}</ref>

In addition to these properties, BBC Cymru Wales also has properties in [[Aberystwyth]], [[Bangor, Gwynedd|Bangor]], [[Carmarthen]], [[Newtown, Powys|Newtown]], [[Penrhyndeudraeth]], [[Swansea]] and [[Wrexham]] and at [[Wales Millennium Centre#Phase 2 (C Bay) – BBC Hoddinott Hall|BBC Hoddinott Hall]] in Cardiff, home to the [[BBC National Orchestra of Wales]].

==Productions==
BBC Wales also provides programming for the BBC's UK networks. In recent years, its drama output has been particularly successful, including the 2005 revival of the classic [[Science fiction on television|science-fiction]] series ''[[Doctor Who]]'' and its spin-offs ''[[Torchwood]]'' (2006) and ''[[The Sarah Jane Adventures]]'' (2007). In addition, BBC Wales commissions other drama output for the BBC network from independent producers, such as ''[[Life on Mars (UK TV series)|Life on Mars]]'' (2006–07).

===In-house productions===
The following productions were created by BBC Cymru Wales for broadcast in Wales:
*''[[BBC Wales Today|Wales Today]]'' (1962–present)
*''[[Week In Week Out]]'' (1964–present)
*''[[Pobol y Cwm]]'' (1974–present)
*''Ffeil'' (1995–present)
*''[[Newyddion]]'' (1982–present)
*''[[Satellite City (sitcom)|Satellite City]]'' (1996–1999)
*''[[Belonging (TV series)|Belonging]]'' (1999–2009)
*''[[The Bench (TV series)|The Bench]]'' (2001–2002)
*''First Degree'' (2002)
*''[[High Hopes (Welsh TV series)|High Hopes]]'' (2002–2009)
*''[[Hospital 24/7]]'' (2009–present)
*''[[Scrum V]]'' (1995–present, known as Rugby special Wales 1971–1995)

In addition to the regional programmes, BBC Wales also produces programmes for the network schedules of [[BBC Television]]:
* [[Grand Slam (1978 film)|''Grand Slam'']] (1978)
*''[[The Life and Times of David Lloyd George]]'' (1981)
*''[[Ennal's Point]]'' (1982)
*''[[The District Nurse]]'' (1984–1987)
*''Border Cafe''
*''[[Anthony Trollope#Trollope on television|He Knew He Was Right]]'' (2004)
*''[[Doctor Who]]'' (2005–present)
*''[[Doctor Who Confidential]]'' (2005–2011)
*''[[The Chatterley Affair]]'' (2006)
*''[[Torchwood]]'' (2006–present)
*''[[Torchwood Declassified]]'' (2006–2009)
*''[[Tribe (TV series)|Tribe]]'' (2007)
*''[[The Sarah Jane Adventures]]'' (2007–2011)
*''[[Top Dogs]]'' (2009)
*''[[Upstairs, Downstairs (2010 TV series)| Upstairs, Downstairs (2010 revival)]]'' (2010–2012)
*''[[Sarah Jane's Alien Files]]'' (2010)
*''[[Wizards vs Aliens]]'' (2012-present)
*''[[Casualty (TV series)|Casualty]]'' (2012-present)

===Independent commissions===
In addition to the in-house commissions, BBC Wales also commissions other independent companies to produce programmes. These include: For Wales:
*''[[Coal House]]'' (2007–2008)
*''[[The Wright Taste]]'' (2008)
*''[[Crash (2009 TV series)|Crash]]'' (2009–present)

For the UK:
*''[[Shakespeare: The Animated Tales]]'' (1992, 1994)
*''[[Casanova (2005 television)|Casanova]]'' (2005)
*''[[The Girl in the Café]]'' (2005)
*''[[Life on Mars (UK TV series)|Life on Mars]]'' (2006–2007)
*''[[Wide Sargasso Sea (TV)|Wide Sargasso Sea]]'' (2006)
*''[[This Life|This Life + 10]]'' (2007)
*''[[Ashes to Ashes (TV series)|Ashes to Ashes]]'' (2008–2010, spinoff of ''Life on Mars'')
*''[[Merlin (TV series)|Merlin]]'' (2008–2012)
*''[[Being Human (UK TV series)|Being Human]]'' (2009–2013)
*''[[Rhod Gilbert's Work Experience]]'' (2009–present)
*''[[Sherlock (TV series)|Sherlock]]'' (2010–present)
*''[[Dirk Gently (TV series)|Dirk Gently]]'' (2010 pilot, 2012 series)

==See also==
{{Portal|BBC|Wales}}
*[[Broadcasting House (Cardiff)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
*{{bbc.co.uk|id=cymru|title=BBC Cymru}}
*{{Twitter|bbccymru|BBC Cymru}}
{{col-2}}
*{{bbc.co.uk|id=wales|title=BBC Wales}}
*{{Twitter|bbcwales|BBC Wales}}
{{col-end}}
* ''[http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00l28zc 60 Years of Broadcasting]'' [[BBC]] programme page with a clip featuring the history of BBC Wales.

{{-}}
{{BBC}}
{{BBC Television}}
{{Television in Wales}}
{{Media in Cardiff}}
{{Economy and Industry of Cardiff}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2011}}

[[Category:BBC Cymru Wales| ]]
[[Category:BBC nations and regions|Wales]]
[[Category:Companies based in Cardiff]]
[[Category:Economy of Cardiff]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Wales]]
[[Category:Television in Wales]]
[[Category:Television channels in Wales]]
[[Category:1964 establishments in Wales]]

Československá televize

2014-08-25T20:12:31Z

ProcEnforce:

{{belege}}
{{Infobox Fernsehsender|
ID = [[Datei:Czechoslovak Television Logo.svg|200px|center|Logo]]|
EP = [[Analogsignal|analog]] [[terrestrisch]]|
LR = |
SE = |
IN = |
EAS = |
RE = |
PT = |
HP = |
}}

'''Československá televize''' (tschechisch) bzw. '''Československá televízia''' (slowakisch) oder '''Česko-slovenská televízia''' (slowakisch – ab 1990), abgekürzt '''ČST''' (deutsch ''Tschechoslowakisches Fernsehen'') war von 1953 bis 1992 die [[Staatlicher Rundfunk|staatliche Fernsehanstalt]] der [[Tschechoslowakei]].

Das ČST nahm 1953 seinen Sendebetrieb aus [[Prag]] auf. Seit 1956 wurde auch aus [[Bratislava]] regelmäßig gesendet. 1970 erfolgte die erste [[Farbfernsehen|Übertragung in Farbe]] ([[Nordische Skiweltmeisterschaft 1970|Ski-WM in der Hohen Tatra]]), im selben Jahr wurde ein zweiter Kanal eingeführt. Im Jahre 1990 entstand auf der Frequenz, auf der bis dato seit dem Ende der 1980er Jahre sowjetisches Fernsehen ausgestrahlt wurde und die heute den jeweils größten Privatsendern Tschechiens bzw. der Slowakei gehört, kurzzeitig ein dritter Kanal des ČST – ''OK3'' (in der Slowakei 1991 durch den Kanal ''TA3'' ersetzt). Zum 31. Dezember 1992 wurde das ČST zusammen mit dem tschechoslowakischen Staat aufgelöst und durch die zwei nationalen öffentlich-rechtlichen Anstalten [[Česká televize]] und [[Slovenská televízia]] abgelöst, die allerdings beide bereits zuvor ein Jahr lang parallel zum ČST existiert hatten.

Die Sendesprache des ČST war im ersten Kanal überwiegend [[Tschechische Sprache|tschechisch]], bei manchen Sendungen [[Slowakische Sprache|slowakisch]], bei Nachrichten zum Teil auch gemischt tschechisch und slowakisch. Der zweite Kanal war tschechischsprachig für Tschechien und slowakischsprachig für die Slowakei und sendete in den beiden Landesteilen ein völlig unterschiedliches Programm. Die teilweise Ausstrahlung in zwei Sprachen war möglich, da die beiden Sprachen sehr ähnlich sind (wozu allerdings diese Sendepraxis des einzigen Fernsehens des Landes auch recht beigetragen hat). Heute werden slowakische Produktionen im tschechischen Fernsehen oft in bearbeiteter Fassung gezeigt, im slowakischen Fernsehen werden tschechische Sendungen nach wie vor unverändert ausgestrahlt.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ceskoslovenska televize}}
[[Kategorie:Rundfunkveranstalter]]
[[Kategorie:Medien (Tschechoslowakei)]]
[[Kategorie:Fernsehen (Tschechien)]]
[[Kategorie:Fernsehen (Slowakei)]]

Československá televize

2014-08-25T20:12:02Z

ProcEnforce:

{{belege}}
{{Infobox Fernsehsender|
ID = [[Datei:Czechoslovak Television Logo.svg|200px|center|Logo]]|
EP = [[Analogsignal|analog]] [[terrestrisch]]
LR =
SE =
IN =
EAS =
RE =
PT =
HP =
}}

'''Československá televize''' (tschechisch) bzw. '''Československá televízia''' (slowakisch) oder '''Česko-slovenská televízia''' (slowakisch – ab 1990), abgekürzt '''ČST''' (deutsch ''Tschechoslowakisches Fernsehen'') war von 1953 bis 1992 die [[Staatlicher Rundfunk|staatliche Fernsehanstalt]] der [[Tschechoslowakei]].

Das ČST nahm 1953 seinen Sendebetrieb aus [[Prag]] auf. Seit 1956 wurde auch aus [[Bratislava]] regelmäßig gesendet. 1970 erfolgte die erste [[Farbfernsehen|Übertragung in Farbe]] ([[Nordische Skiweltmeisterschaft 1970|Ski-WM in der Hohen Tatra]]), im selben Jahr wurde ein zweiter Kanal eingeführt. Im Jahre 1990 entstand auf der Frequenz, auf der bis dato seit dem Ende der 1980er Jahre sowjetisches Fernsehen ausgestrahlt wurde und die heute den jeweils größten Privatsendern Tschechiens bzw. der Slowakei gehört, kurzzeitig ein dritter Kanal des ČST – ''OK3'' (in der Slowakei 1991 durch den Kanal ''TA3'' ersetzt). Zum 31. Dezember 1992 wurde das ČST zusammen mit dem tschechoslowakischen Staat aufgelöst und durch die zwei nationalen öffentlich-rechtlichen Anstalten [[Česká televize]] und [[Slovenská televízia]] abgelöst, die allerdings beide bereits zuvor ein Jahr lang parallel zum ČST existiert hatten.

Die Sendesprache des ČST war im ersten Kanal überwiegend [[Tschechische Sprache|tschechisch]], bei manchen Sendungen [[Slowakische Sprache|slowakisch]], bei Nachrichten zum Teil auch gemischt tschechisch und slowakisch. Der zweite Kanal war tschechischsprachig für Tschechien und slowakischsprachig für die Slowakei und sendete in den beiden Landesteilen ein völlig unterschiedliches Programm. Die teilweise Ausstrahlung in zwei Sprachen war möglich, da die beiden Sprachen sehr ähnlich sind (wozu allerdings diese Sendepraxis des einzigen Fernsehens des Landes auch recht beigetragen hat). Heute werden slowakische Produktionen im tschechischen Fernsehen oft in bearbeiteter Fassung gezeigt, im slowakischen Fernsehen werden tschechische Sendungen nach wie vor unverändert ausgestrahlt.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ceskoslovenska televize}}
[[Kategorie:Rundfunkveranstalter]]
[[Kategorie:Medien (Tschechoslowakei)]]
[[Kategorie:Fernsehen (Tschechien)]]
[[Kategorie:Fernsehen (Slowakei)]]

Československá televize

2014-08-25T20:11:48Z

ProcEnforce:

{{belege}}
{{Infobox Fernsehsender|
ID = [[Datei:Czechoslovak Television Logo.svg|200px|center|Logo]]|
EP = [[Analogsignal|analog]] [[terrestrisch]]
LR =
SE =
IN = |
EAS = |
RE = |
PT = |
HP =
}}

'''Československá televize''' (tschechisch) bzw. '''Československá televízia''' (slowakisch) oder '''Česko-slovenská televízia''' (slowakisch – ab 1990), abgekürzt '''ČST''' (deutsch ''Tschechoslowakisches Fernsehen'') war von 1953 bis 1992 die [[Staatlicher Rundfunk|staatliche Fernsehanstalt]] der [[Tschechoslowakei]].

Das ČST nahm 1953 seinen Sendebetrieb aus [[Prag]] auf. Seit 1956 wurde auch aus [[Bratislava]] regelmäßig gesendet. 1970 erfolgte die erste [[Farbfernsehen|Übertragung in Farbe]] ([[Nordische Skiweltmeisterschaft 1970|Ski-WM in der Hohen Tatra]]), im selben Jahr wurde ein zweiter Kanal eingeführt. Im Jahre 1990 entstand auf der Frequenz, auf der bis dato seit dem Ende der 1980er Jahre sowjetisches Fernsehen ausgestrahlt wurde und die heute den jeweils größten Privatsendern Tschechiens bzw. der Slowakei gehört, kurzzeitig ein dritter Kanal des ČST – ''OK3'' (in der Slowakei 1991 durch den Kanal ''TA3'' ersetzt). Zum 31. Dezember 1992 wurde das ČST zusammen mit dem tschechoslowakischen Staat aufgelöst und durch die zwei nationalen öffentlich-rechtlichen Anstalten [[Česká televize]] und [[Slovenská televízia]] abgelöst, die allerdings beide bereits zuvor ein Jahr lang parallel zum ČST existiert hatten.

Die Sendesprache des ČST war im ersten Kanal überwiegend [[Tschechische Sprache|tschechisch]], bei manchen Sendungen [[Slowakische Sprache|slowakisch]], bei Nachrichten zum Teil auch gemischt tschechisch und slowakisch. Der zweite Kanal war tschechischsprachig für Tschechien und slowakischsprachig für die Slowakei und sendete in den beiden Landesteilen ein völlig unterschiedliches Programm. Die teilweise Ausstrahlung in zwei Sprachen war möglich, da die beiden Sprachen sehr ähnlich sind (wozu allerdings diese Sendepraxis des einzigen Fernsehens des Landes auch recht beigetragen hat). Heute werden slowakische Produktionen im tschechischen Fernsehen oft in bearbeiteter Fassung gezeigt, im slowakischen Fernsehen werden tschechische Sendungen nach wie vor unverändert ausgestrahlt.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ceskoslovenska televize}}
[[Kategorie:Rundfunkveranstalter]]
[[Kategorie:Medien (Tschechoslowakei)]]
[[Kategorie:Fernsehen (Tschechien)]]
[[Kategorie:Fernsehen (Slowakei)]]

Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation

2014-08-18T18:13:46Z

ProcEnforce:

{{Infobox Government agency
|agency_name = Palestinian National Authority Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation (PBC)
|nativename = <big>'''هيئة الإذاعة و التلفزيون الفلسطينية'''</big>
|nativename_a =
|nativename_r =
|logo = Pbc.JPG
|logo_width = 150px
|logo_caption =
|jurisdiction =
|headquarters = [[Ramallah]] {{flagicon|Palestine}}
|coordinates =
|chief1_name = Ahmad Hazoury
|chief1_position = General Manager
|chief2_name =
|chief2_position =
|chief3_name =
|chief3_position =
|parent_agency =
|child1_agency =
|child2_agency =
|website = http://www.pbc.ps
}}

The '''Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation''' ([[Arabic]]: "هيئة الإذاعة و التلفزيون الفلسطينية") (PBC) was established on 1 July 1994 and is within the jurisdiction of the [[Palestinian Authority]]. It has a subsidiary radio station known as the [[Voice of Palestine|Voice Of Palestine]] and a satellite channel known as [[Palestinian Satellite Channel]]. Palestine TV first began broadcasting in 1996 in Gaza. The first head of the PBC was [[Fatah]] activist and [[Yasir Arafat|Arafat]] loyalist [[Radwan Abu Ayyash]], former head of the [[Arab Journalists' Association]].<ref>Jamal, A (2005). ''Media politics and democracy in Palestine''. Sussex Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-84519-039-2, p. 78.</ref>

The PBC was funded partially by the [[Federal government of the United States|US government]] until 1998.<ref>Brynen, Rex (2000).'' A very political economy: peacebuilding and foreign aid in the West Bank and Gaza''. US Institute of Peace Press. ISBN 978-1-929223-04-6, p. 109</ref>

On January 19, 2002 the [[Israel Defense Forces]] used explosives to destroy the five-storey main building and transmission tower of the PBC in [[Ramallah]] claiming retaliation for the killing of six people by a Palestinian gunman linked to Fatah. The Israeli Government later singled out PBC for broadcasting material deemed to be anti-Semitic or that incited violence.<ref name=2002HumRights>{{cite web |url=http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2002/18278.htm |title=Israel and the occupied territories |work=2002 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices |publisher=US Department of State}}</ref><ref>BBC News Online, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/1780684.stm 'Palestinians seek $10m for radio attack'], 24 January 2002.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.pbc.ps/ PBC website]

[[Category:Multinational companies]]
[[Category:Publicly funded broadcasters]]
[[Category:Television networks]]
[[Category:Palestinian media]]
[[Category:Television stations in Palestine]]
[[Category:Radio stations in Palestine]]
[[Category:Arab media]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1994]]
[[Category:Palestinian National Authority]]
[[Category:Media in Ramallah]]
[[Category:Arab States Broadcasting Union]]
[[Category: State media]]
{{Palestine-stub}}
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