Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2012-03-16T01:01:08Z

Oracleofottawa: /* M */ grammer and flow....formatting.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list comprises people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominantly German heritage, in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links, and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

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{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
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[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Udo Adelsberger]]: Invented the PTR [[Quartz clock]] among other things together with Adolf Scheibe.
*[[Konrad Adenauer]]: Invented soya sausage (1916; "Kölner Wurst") and, together with Jean and Josef Oebel, [coarse] wholemeal bread (1917; Kölner Brot).
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: Psychiatrist who discovered [[Alzheimer]]´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age.
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Martin Leo Arons]]: [[Mercury-vapor lamp]] together with Peter Cooper Hewitt.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.
*[[Max Abraham]]: Physicist. Worked as Max Planck's assistant for three years. Developed theories on electrons.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Ralph Baer]]: Inventor of the [[Magnavox Odyssey|first home video game console]].
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Hans Bethe]]: Nuclear physicist and Nobel laureate in physics
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discovered the diphtheria antitoxin. It was the world's first cure for a disease (1891).<ref> John M. Barry, ''The Great Influenza; The Epic Story of the Deadliest Plague in History'' (New York: Penguin Books, 2005) 70. </ref> He was awarded history's first Nobel Prize in Physiology of Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Karl Ferdinand Braun]]: Inventor of the CRT oscilloscope in 1897
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.
*[[Walther Bothe]]: nuclear physicist, who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1954 with Max Born.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Georg Cantor]]: Mathematician, discoverer of the [[set theory]] (1870s), which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.
*[[Claus-Frenz Claussen]]: Robot-Auto for seniors "Auto-Cyberno-Mobil“ around 2007.
*[[Justus Claproth]]: Jurist and inventor of recyclable Paper and [[deinking]].
*[[Heinrich Clobes]]: Engineer who invented first mechanical street sweeper, patented 1909.
*[[Manfred Curry]]: Curryklemme for [[Sheet (sailing)]] and sailboats, discoverer of the pseudoscientific phenomenon of "geomagnetic lines" called the Curry Grid.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first [[internal combustion]] motorcycle, the [[Daimler Reitwagen|''Reitwagen'']].
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sports shoes with and without spikes. ([[Adidas]]).
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949. ([[Puma AG|Puma]]).
*[[Max Delbrück]]
*[[Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach]]: Pioneer of skin transplantation and cosmetic surgery.
*[[Ernst Dickmanns]]: Developer of the first [[driverless car]]
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Father of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]
*[[Klaus Fuchs]]: Theoretical physicist

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Walter Gerlach]]: Physicist who co-discovered spin quantization in a magnetic field, the [[Stern-Gerlach effect]].
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made fundamental contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Rudolf Hell]]: Inventor of the first fax machine ([[Hellschreiber]]).
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[William Herschel|Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]] (William Herschel): Discovered the planet [[Uranus]] and infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[David Hilbert]]: Influential Mathematician, discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in math.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]]: Economist who invented the "pepet pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]].

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16).

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Donald J. Kessler]] - Astrophysicist, known for developing the [[Kessler syndrome]].
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]: Discovery of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Martin Heinrich Klaproth]]: Discovered the element [[Uranium]].
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Arthur Korn]]: Inventor involved in development of the fax machine, specifically the transmission of photographs or telephotography, known as the Bildetelegraph.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and engineer, who built the first functioning submarine in the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Georg Christoph Lichtenberg]]: German scientist credited with the development of the [[electrophorus]].
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: German chemist who made contributions to agricultural and biological chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator. Main discovery was the properties and shape of the [[wing]].

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher, who defined the political/economical background of capitalism and discovered the mechanics of [[Marxism]]. His ideas still influence the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, who, together with [[Otto Hahn]], provided a theoretical account of nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discoveries in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discoveries in physiology.


==N==
*[[Thomas Nast]]: "Father of the American Cartoon".
*[[Walther Nernst]]: Inventor of the [[Nernst lamp]] and Nobel laureate.
*[[Karl Nessler]]: Inventor of the [[permanent wave]].
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]

==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: [[Moss bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.
*[[Fritz Reiche]]: was a student of Max Planck and a colleague of Albert Einstein,who was active in, and made important contributions to the early development of quantum mechanics including co-authoring the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn sum rule

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Adolf Scheibe]]: Invented the PTR [[Quartz clock]] (1930) among other things together with Udo Adelsberger.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Friedrich Sertürner]]: First to isolate [[morphine]] from the [[opium poppy]], discovering morphine.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus.
*[[Georg Wilhelm Steller]]: Discoverer of Alaska (1741) and pioneer of Alaskan Natural History.
*[[Otto Stern]]: Nobel laureate; contributed to the discovery of spin quantization in the [[Stern-Gerlach experiment]] with [[Walther Gerlach]] in 1922.
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discoveries in geology.
*Friedrich Albert [[Moritz Schlick]]: was a German philosopher, physicist and the founding father of logical positivism and the Vienna Circle.
*[[Walter H. Schottky]]:played a major early role in developing the theory of electron and ion emission phenomena, invented the screen-grid vacuum tube and the pentode.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:First medical X-ray by Wilhelm Röntgen of his wife Anna Bertha Ludwig's hand - 18951222.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: [[Ampulla of Vater]].
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices and pioneer of the [[Me 163]] and [[Me 264]], project leader of the development of Me P. 1101, Me P. 1106, Me P. 1110, Me P. 1111, [[Messerschmitt P.1112|Me P. 1112]] and Me P. 1116.<ref>{{cite book|last=Boyne|first=Walter J.|title=Messerschmitt Me 262 : arrow to the future|year=1980|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington D.C.|isbn=9780874742763|pages=117|coauthors=Museum, Space}}</ref>

==W==
*[[Hellmuth Walter]]: Engineer who pioneered research into rocket engines and gas turbines.
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[August Wöhler]]: Investigated [[Fatigue_(material)#The_S-N_curve|fatigue]] phenomena in the behavior of materials
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

==Y==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]

==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if he or she is already in the list.''' If he or she is not, you might also check to see if an article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add him or her in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key information of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage / descent. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.<ref>Mozart's nationality was, strictly speaking, that of the [[Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg]] and therefore a German citizen of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]]. His letters indicate very clearly he felt his nationality to be German (see e.g. his letter to his father of 17 August 1782; Mersman (1972:204)); this was natural in a time when the territory comprising modern Austria and Germany was a patchwork of mostly small nation-states.</ref>

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventors|German]]

[[ar:ملحق:قائمة مخترعين ومكتشفين ألمان]]

Andrew Hacker

2011-06-08T23:59:49Z

Oracleofottawa: /* Bibliography */ adding another, old 1961 no ISBN no.......

'''Andrew Hacker''' (born 1929) is an [[United States|American]] [[political scientist]] and public intellectual.

He is currently [[Professor Emeritus]] in the Department of Political Science at [[Queens College]]
in New York. He did his undergraduate work at [[Amherst College]]. This was followed
by graduate work at [[Oxford University]], [[University of Michigan]], and [[Princeton University]] where he received his [[PhD]] degree. Hacker taught at [[Cornell University|Cornell]] before taking his current position at Queens.

His most recent book, ''Higher Education?'' was written in collaboration
with Claudia Dreifus, his domestic partner. Professor Hacker is a frequent contributor to the [[New York Review of Books]] (NYRB).

== Bibliography ==
* Hacker, A,, (1961) Political Theory: Philosophy, Ideology, Science, The Macmillan Company
* Hacker, A,, (1992) ''Two Nations: Black and White, Separate, Hostile, Unequal'', Scribner. ISBN 0-7432-3824-9

* Hacker, A., (1998) ''Money: Who Has How Much and Why,'' Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-684-84662-4

* Hacker, A., (2003) ''Mismatch: The Growing Gulf Between Women and Men.'' Scribner. ISBN 0-684-86252-2

* Hacker, A. and Claudia Dreifus, (2010) ''Higher Education?: How Colleges Are Wasting Our Money and Failing Our Kids - and What We Can Do About It'' Holt, Henry & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-8050-8734-5

== External links ==
* Professor Hacker's author page at [http://www.nybooks.com/authors/64 The New York Review of Books]

* Blurb written by the author for "Mismatch" on the Simon and Schuster [http://simonsays.com/content/book.cfm?sid=33&pid=410054&agid=2 website]

* Article about Claudia Dreifus at the East Hampton Star [http://www.easthamptonstar.com/DNN/Archive/2005/20050630/feat1.htm website]

*Appearance on Colbert Report [http://www.colbertnation.com/full-episodes/wed-august-25-2010-heidi-cullen Colbert Report]

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Hacker, Andrew
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hacker, Andrew}}
[[Category:1929 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:American political scientists]]
[[Category:Cornell University faculty]]
[[Category:Amherst College alumni]]
[[Category:Horace Mann School alumni]]

{{US-polisci-bio-stub}}

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2011-04-06T02:59:35Z

Oracleofottawa: /* M */ adding internal link.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list comprises people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominantly German heritage, in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links, and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Udo Adelsberger]]: Invented the PTR [[Quartz clock]] among other things together with Adolf Scheibe.
*[[Konrad Adenauer]]: Invented soya sausage (1916; "Kölner Wurst") and [coarse] wholemeal bread (1917; Kölner Brot).
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: Psychiatrist who discovered [[Alzheimer]]´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age.
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Martin Leo Arons]]: [[Mercury-vapor lamp]] together with Peter Cooper Hewitt.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Georg Cantor]]: Mathematician, discoverer of the [[set theory]] (1870s), which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.
*[[Claus-Frenz Claussen]]: Robot-Auto for seniors "Auto-Cyberno-Mobil“ around 2007.
*[[Justus Claproth]]: Jurist and inventor of recyclable Paper and [[deinking]].
*[[Heinrich Clobes]]: Engineer who invented first mechanical street sweeper, patented 1909.
*[[Manfred Curry]]: Curryklemme for [[Sheet (sailing)]] and sailboats, discoverer of the pseudoscientific phenomenon of "geomagnetic lines" called the Curry Grid.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first [[internal combustion]] motorcycle, the [[Daimler Reitwagen|''Reitwagen'']].
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Adidas]]).
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949. ([[Puma AG|Puma]]).
*[[Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach]]: Pioneer of skin transplantation and cosmetic surgery.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Various discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Walter Gerlach]]: Physicist who co-discovered spin quantization in a magnetic field, the [[Stern-Gerlach effect]].
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made fundamental contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Rudolf Hell]]: Inventor of the first fax machine ([[Hellschreiber]]).
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[David Hilbert]]: Influential Mathematician, discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in math.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]]: Economist who invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]].

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16).

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]: Discovery of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Martin Heinrich Klaproth]]: Discovered the element [[Uranium]].
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Arthur Korn]]: Inventor involved in development of the fax machine, specifically the transmission of photographs or telephotography, known as the Bildetelegraph.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and engineer, who built the first functioning submarine in the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator. Main discovery was the properties and shape of the [[wing]].

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher, who discovered the mechanics of [[Marxism]] and whose ideas influence the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, who, together with [[Otto Hahn]], provided a theoretical account of nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discoveries in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discoveries in physiology.


==N==
*[[Walther Nernst]]: Inventor of the [[Nernst lamp]] and Nobel laureate.
*[[Karl Nessler]]: Inventor of the [[permanent wave]].
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]

==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Adolf Scheibe]]: Invented the PTR [[Quartz clock]] (1930) among other things together with Udo Adelsberger.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus.
*[[Georg Wilhelm Steller]]: Discoverer of Alaska (1741) and pioneer of Alaskan Natural History.
*[[Otto Stern]]: Nobel laureate; contributed to the discovery of spin quantization in the [[Stern-Gerlach experiment]] with [[Walther Gerlach]] in 1922.
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discoveries in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: [[Ampulla of Vater]].
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Waldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices and pioneer of the [[Me 163]] and [[Me 264]], project leader of the development of Me P. 1101, Me P. 1106, Me P. 1110, Me P. 1111 und Me P. 1116.

==W==
*[[Hellmuth Walter]]: Engineer who pioneered research into rocket engines and gas turbines.
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[August Wöhler]]: Investigated [[Fatigue_(material)#The_S-N_curve|fatigue]] phenomena in the behavior of materials
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

==Y==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]

==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key information of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventors|German]]

[[ar:ملحق:قائمة مخترعين ومكتشفين ألمان]]

Roy DeMeo

2011-03-01T02:58:41Z

Oracleofottawa: /* Gambino family */

{{No footnotes|date=June 2010}}
{{Infobox criminal
| subject_name = Roy Albert DeMeo
| image_name = Roydemeo3.JPG
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = FBI mugshot, July 14, 1981
| nationality = [[United States|American]]
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1942|9|7|mf=y}}
| birth_place = [[Brooklyn]], [[New York]], [[USA]]
| death_date = {{Death date|1983|1|10|mf=y}} (aged 40)
| death_place =Brooklyn, New York, USA
| cause =
| alias =
| allegiance = [[Gambino crime family]]<br/>
DeMeo crew
| motive =
| charge =
| conviction =
| conviction_penalty =
| conviction_status =
| occupation =
| spouse =
| partner =
| parents =
| children =
}}
'''Roy Albert DeMeo''' (September 7, 1942 <ref>http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Search/SSDI/individual_record.asp?recid=054321270&lds=3&region=-1&regionfriendly=&frompage=99</ref> – January 10, 1983) was an associate of the [[Gambino crime family]]. He is infamous for heading the "DeMeo crew", a gang suspected by the [[FBI]] of somewhere between 75-200 murders from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.

The DeMeo crew murdered at least 70 people between 1973 and 1983. The vast majority were disposed of so thoroughly that they were never found. The crew also gained notoriety due to their use of [[dismemberment]] as a method of disposing of their victims.

==Biography==
Roy Albert DeMeo was born in 1942 in [[Bath Beach, Brooklyn]] into a working class Italian immigrant family. As a teen, he began a small [[loansharking]] operation which turned into a full time job by the age of 17. DeMeo graduated from [[James Madison High School (New York)|James Madison High School]] in 1959 and began working in criminal enterprise while maintaining legitimate business practices. He married shortly after high school and fathered three children. He worked his way up the criminal career ladder through a continued loansharking operation.

By the early 1960s, DeMeo had quit his legitimate job at a Banner Dairy Supermarket to focus on loansharking and any other opportunities for income that presented themselves. He conducted most of his business at a neighborhood bar, Phil's Lounge. In 1965, he became a silent partner of the bar, now renamed the [[Gemini Lounge]]. The Lounge served as the DeMeo crew's primary headquarters for the next several years, with an apartment building directly behind the bar being the site of dozens of murders and dismemberments committed by the crew.

For a time, DeMeo lived on a waterfront estate on Whitewood Drive in the Bar Harbour section of [[Massapequa Park, New York]].

===Gambino family===
[[Image:Roydemeo2.jpg|thumb|right|250px|1982 FBI surveillance photo of Roy DeMeo (right).]]
Gambino soldier [[Anthony Gaggi]] took notice of DeMeo and told him that he could make even more money with his successful business, if he came to work directly for the Gambino family. Through the late 1960s, DeMeo's [[organized crime]] prospects increased on two fronts. He continued in the loansharking business with Gaggi, and began developing a crew of young men involved in [[car theft]] and [[drug trafficking]]. It was this collective of criminals that would become known both in the underworld and in law enforcement circles as the DeMeo crew. The first member of the crew was [[Chris Rosenberg]], who met DeMeo in 1966 at the age of 16.

Rosenberg was dealing drugs at a [[Canarsie]] gas station, and DeMeo helped him increase his business and profits by loaning Chris money so that he could deal the narcotics in larger amounts. By 1972, Chris had introduced his friends to DeMeo and they began working for him as well. The members of the crew included [[Joseph "Dracula" Guglielmo]] (DeMeo's cousin), [[Joseph Testa]], [[Anthony Senter]] and Joseph's younger brother [[Patrick Testa]].

DeMeo joined the Boro of Brooklyn Credit Union that same year, gaining a position on the board of directors shortly afterward. He utilized his position to [[money laundering|launder money]] he had earned through his illegal ventures. He also introduced colleagues at the Credit Union to a lucrative side-business, laundering the money of drug dealers he had become acquainted with. DeMeo also built up his loansharking business with funds stolen from credit union reserves.

His collection of loanshark customers, while still primarily those in the car industry, soon included other businesses such as a [[dentist]]'s office, an [[abortion clinic]], [[restaurant]]s and [[flea market]]s. He was also listed as an employee for a Brooklyn company named S & C Sportswear Corporation, and frequently told his neighbors he worked in construction, food retailing and the [[used car]] business.

In late 1974, a conflict that had erupted between the DeMeo crew and a young [[bodyshop]] owner named Andrei Katz had continued to escalate. In May 1975, DeMeo was informed by a police officer that, as a result of this conflict, Andrei was cooperating with authorities. In June he was lured to a place where he could be confronted. After being abducted, he was stabbed to death and then dismembered. An accomplice who helped bait Katz confessed her role and Joseph Testa and [[Henry Borelli]] were both arrested. They would secure an acquittal at trial in January 1976.

This was the first known murder committed by the DeMeo crew, and for years was thought to have been the first occasion where DeMeo or members of his crew had dismembered a body for disposal. In 2003 however, new information was provided to the [[FBI]] by [[Bonanno crime family|Bonanno]] [[underboss]] [[Salvatore Vitale]], who claimed that in 1974 he was ordered to deliver the corpse of a man who had just been murdered to a garage in [[Queens]] so that it could be disposed of.

When he arrived at the location, Vitale claims, DeMeo was present along with several other men who may have been early members of the DeMeo Crew. Vitale also claims that DeMeo had a knife with him, presumably to dismember the corpse. This information suggests that DeMeo and his followers may have been involved in murder and dismemberment earlier than previously thought by law enforcement.

===Gemini Method===
As the 1970s continued, DeMeo cultivated his followers into a crew experienced with the process of murdering and dismembering victims. With the exception of killings intended to send a message to any who would hinder their criminal activities, or murders that presented no other alternative, a set method of execution was established by DeMeo and crew to ensure that victims would be dispatched quickly and then made to disappear. The method of execution was dubbed the "Gemini Method", named after the [[Gemini Lounge]], the primary hangout of the DeMeo crew as well as the site where most of the crew's victims were killed.

The exact process of the Gemini Method, revealed by multiple crew members and associates who became government witness in the early 1980s, was as follows: typically, the victim would be lured through the side door of the Lounge, and into the apartment that made up the back portion of the building. At this point, a crew member (almost always DeMeo according to crew member turned government witness [[Frederick DiNome]]) would approach with a silenced pistol in one hand and a towel in the other, shooting the victim in the head then wrapping the towel around the victim's head wound like a turban in order to staunch the blood flow.

Immediately after, another member of the crew (originally [[Chris Rosenberg]] up until his 1979 murder, according to government witness testimony) would stab the victim in the heart in order to prevent any more blood from pumping out of the gunshot wound. By then the victim would be dead, at which point the body would be stripped of its clothing and dragged into the bathroom where it was left while the remaining blood drained out and/or congealed within the body. This was to eliminate the messiness of the next step, when crew members would place the body onto plastic tarps laid out in the main room and proceed to dismember it, cutting off the arms, legs and head.

The body parts would then be put into bags, placed in cardboard boxes and sent off to the [[Fountain Avenue]] Dump in [[Brooklyn]], where so many tons of garbage were dropped each day that it was a near impossibility for the bodies to ever be discovered. During the initial stages of an early 1980s Federal/State task force targeting the DeMeo crew, a plan by authorities to excavate sections of the dump in order to locate remains of victims was aborted when it was deemed too costly and likely to fail at locating any meaningful evidence.

Some victims would be killed in other ways for varying reasons. At times, suspected informants or those who committed an act of disrespect against a member of the crew or their superiors had their bodies left in the streets of New York to serve as a message and warning. As well, there were occasions where it would not be possible to lure the intended victim into the Gemini Lounge, in which case other locations would have to be used. A yacht owned by one of DeMeo's men was used on at least one occasion to dispose of bodies as well. Dominick Montiglio, who visited DeMeo frequently to pick up payments for Anthony Gaggi, said in an interview that if the crew didn't kill at least three people a week, they would be depressed.

===Further criminal career===
In the latter half of 1975, DeMeo became a silent partner in a [[peep show]]/[[prostitution]] establishment in [[New Jersey]] after the owner of the business became unable to pay his loansharking debts. DeMeo also began dealing in pornography, including [[bestiality]], which he sold to his New Jersey establishment as well as connections he had in [[Rhode Island]]. When his superior [[Anthony Gaggi|Nino Gaggi]] found out about DeMeo's involvement in such [[taboo]] films, he ordered DeMeo to stop under the threat of death. DeMeo did not stop however and Gaggi continued to accept his weekly payments. Gaggi's nephew [[Dominick Montiglio]] claimed that the subject was simply never mentioned between the two men after the initial confrontation, and as long as DeMeo continued to provide copiously for his boss the violation of his order was never addressed.

Another forbidden subject between DeMeo and his boss Nino was [[narcotics]]. In the Gambino Family, as most of the other [[Mafia]] Families in the country, drug dealing was an act punishable by death for any members caught being involved, owing to the stiffer sentences imposed for such crimes. It was feared by the administrations of the Mafia Families that those facing such harsh penalties would be more likely to flip, or become cooperators for the government. Gaggi and DeMeo, like many others however, continued to deal in narcotics despite the warning due to the massive amounts of profits earned.

By this time, DeMeo's drug operations had expanded greatly from his initial operations in the late 1960s and early 1970s. He had recently started selling [[cocaine]] out of the [[Gemini Lounge]] and was also the financer of a large [[cannabis (drug)|marijuana]] operation that imported the drug from [[Colombia]] in 25-pound [[bale]]s. The marijuana would be delivered from offshore [[Cargo ship|freighters]] and sold out of a [[Canarsie]] [[bodyshop]]. DeMeo's weekly [[tribute]]s to Nino continued to increase from his drug operations and Nino continued to feign ignorance as to the source of the money.

As 1975 drew to a close, DeMeo was almost [[indictment|indicted]] due to [[IRS]] investigations into his income. Months earlier, the Boro of Brooklyn Credit Union had been pushed into [[insolvency]] as a result of DeMeo and his colleague's plundering of its finances. As a result DeMeo quit the Credit Union, avoiding law enforcement attention that increased as the Union was merged into another one. Despite this, DeMeo had already gained the attention of the IRS earlier in the year. Before an indictment could be handed down against him however, he utilized false [[affidavit]]s from businesses owned by friends and acquaintances claiming that he was on their payrolls as an employee. These affidavits served to account for some of his income and he and the IRS reached a settlement.

In May 1976, another murder was committed by the DeMeo crew. Joseph Brocchini, a [[made man|made]] member in another of New York's [[Five Families]], was involved in an argument with DeMeo related to a pornography business both were involved in. The argument turned into a physical altercation when Brocchini punched DeMeo in the face, giving him a black eye. Mafia protocol prevented DeMeo, an associate of the Gambino Family, from retaliating in any way against Brocchini or he would be killed. DeMeo went to his boss Nino and explained the situation. [[Dominick Montiglio]], Nino's nephew who was now fully working for his uncle, claimed to have been present at this meeting, where DeMeo allegedly swore revenge regardless of the rules.

Nino responded that they would never be given permission but reportedly agreed with DeMeo's intentions, merely advising him to ensure that the murder could not be traced back to them. On May 20, 1976, DeMeo and Henry Borelli shot Brocchini five times in the back of the head in the office of a used car dealership he owned. The office was ransacked and the other employees were blindfolded and handcuffed prior to the shooting in order to give the illusion that the murder was the result of an [[armed robbery]] gone bad.

In the following month Vincent Governara, a young man with no organized crime ties, was shot down by DeMeo and Anthony Gaggi. Gaggi had held a long-standing feud with Governara and had told his nephew Dominick Montiglio to keep a lookout for him. One night Dominick spotted Governara's car outside of a building hosting a [[craps|craps game]] in the New York neighborhood of [[Bensonhurst]]. Once informed of his nephew's discovery, Nino, along with DeMeo and Dominick, excused themselves from a birthday party being held at the time for Dominick's wife and drove to the location where Governara's car had been seen. There, the trio waited until Governara left the game and approached his car, at which point Nino and DeMeo shot him several times. Governara died in hospital a week later.

One month later in July, DeMeo flew to [[Florida]] and murdered George Byrum, another man targeted for revenge by Nino Gaggi. Byrum had provided information to robbers that led to Nino's Florida home being robbed. DeMeo lured Byrum to a hotel under the pretenses of a business deal. As soon as Byrum walked into the room he was shot to death by DeMeo. DeMeo, Nino, and a Gambino soldier operating out of Florida originally planned to dismember the corpse in the hotel room and transport it out in suitcases. The plan was quickly abandoned due to the presence of construction workers near the hotel room and the body was found shortly thereafter lying in the hotel's bathtub with its head halfway sawed off.

DeMeo's sources of income, as well as his crew, continued to grow. By July 1976 he added an automobile firm by the name of Team Auto Wholesalers to his loanshark customers. The owner of Team Auto, Matthew Rega, also purchased stolen vehicles from the crew and sold them off at a New Jersey car lot that he owned. He also involved himself with [[carjacking|hijacking]]; targeting trucks that were delivering or receiving shipments from the [[John F. Kennedy International Airport]]. His crew now included [[Edward Grillo|Danny Grillo]], a hijacker who had just been released from prison.

DeMeo allegedly added to his body count according to various sources, including an FBI informant who reported that DeMeo was a "ruthless killer" who had killed at least a dozen people and dismembered their bodies to make them disappear. Nino Gaggi's nephew [[Dominick Montiglio]], who sometimes drove DeMeo on errands, also claims that during one trip around this time DeMeo had pointed to a recently built gas station and stated that he and his crew had buried the bodies of two victims under its foundation.

In the fall of 1976, the Gambino family went through a massive change when its boss [[Carlo Gambino]] died of natural causes. [[Paul Castellano]] was named the boss, with [[Aniello Dellacroce]] retaining the position of [[Underboss]]. The implications of this were twofold for DeMeo. His superior, Nino was elevated to the position of [[caporegime|Capo]]; taking over the crew of men Castellano headed. This promotion was beneficial for DeMeo, whose mentor was now even closer to the ruling Gambino hierarchy. Another advantage was that now that Carlo Gambino had died, new associates would be eligible for membership into the family.

Castellano did not immediately "open the books" for new members however, opting instead to promote existing members and change around leadership of the crews he now presided over. He reportedly told Gaggi he was against the idea of DeMeo ever being made for a number of reasons. Castellano's illegal activities focused more on [[white-collar crime]], and it was said by both law enforcement and other mafiosi that he looked at himself as more of a businessman than a gangster. He looked down on the street guys, such as DeMeo, who were involved in things like auto theft and hijacking. Additionally, Castellano felt DeMeo was unpredictable and did not feel he could be controlled. Nino's attempts at persuading Castellano to consider inducting DeMeo were continually rejected.

Despite the considerable contributions DeMeo had already made to the Gambinos, not least of which were his tens of thousands of dollars worth of weekly payments to Nino Gaggi, by Spring of 1977 DeMeo was still not a made member. Reportedly distraught at the situation, DeMeo continued to look for more opportunities to bring in larger amounts of profit to his superiors.

===The Westies alliance and Rosenberg===
DeMeo found what he needed to ensure that he would be officially inducted into the Gambino family when he formed an alliance with a gang of [[Irish-American]] criminals known as the [[Westies]] soon to be headed by [[James Coonan]]. Coonan's only obstacle to assuming control of the westside and its lucrative money making enterprise was [[Mickey Spillane (gangster)|Mickey Spillane]], the mainstay of criminal activities in the area for 20 years.

In May 1977, DeMeo and Danny Grillo murdered Spillane at the behest of Coonan, who then became the top criminal figure in the westside. DeMeo, sensing an opportunity to create a vast source of income for his superiors, informed Nino Gaggi of the possibilities of a partnership between the Westies and the Gambino Family. Shortly afterwards, Coonan and his second in command [[Mickey Featherstone]] were called to a meeting with Paul Castellano, becoming a de-facto arm of the Gambino crime family and agreeing to share 10 per cent of all profits. In exchange, the Westies would be privy to several lucrative union deals and take on murder contracts for the Italians.

It was his pivotal role in the Westie/Gambino alliance that reportedly convinced Castellano to give DeMeo his "button", or formally induct him into the crime family. DeMeo was made in mid-1977, being put in charge of handling all family business with the Westies. He was also ordered to get permission before committing any murders and to avoid drug dealing. Despite this warning, DeMeo's crew continued to sell large amounts of [[cocaine]], [[cannabis (drug)|marijuana]], and a variety of narcotic pills, a violation many members of all [[Five Families]] continued to commit through the late 1970s and early 1980s due to the tremendous profits gained.

Although he had been ordered by his superiors that he had to get permission before any murders, DeMeo continued to commit unsanctioned killings. In July 1977 DeMeo and his men committed a double homicide, shooting to death Johnathan Quinn, a successful car thief suspected of cooperating with law enforcement, and Cherie Golden, Quinn's 19-year old girlfriend. DeMeo and his men dumped the bodies in locations where they would be discovered to serve as a warning against cooperation with authorities. When questioned by his superiors as to the motive of killing a young woman, DeMeo claimed she was a risk and may have cooperated had the police pressured her.

By 1978, DeMeo was heard bragging to associates that he had murdered 100 people. It was also during this year that he put out word among not just the Gambino family but the other New York [[Cosa Nostra]] families as well that he and his crew were available for murder contracts. In at least one case, the crew charged a relatively paltry fee of $5,000. Other murders were committed for free, DeMeo describing them to crew members as "professional favors".

He added to his crew [[Frederick DiNome]], who served as his [[chauffeur]] but also became involved in the crew's various illegal activities. DiNome was reportedly fiercely loyal to DeMeo, who had befriended him when the two were teenagers. DiNome credited DeMeo for saving his life after a [[car crash]] at a [[drag race]], in which the burning car exploded just as he was saved by DeMeo from the wreckage. DeMeo used a knife to cut the seat belt.

In November 1978 DeMeo and his crew murdered one of their own members, [[Edward Grillo|Danny Grillo]]. Grillo, who had fallen into heavy debt with DeMeo, was killed after DeMeo and Nino Gaggi felt that he was becoming susceptible to police coercion to cooperate against the crew. Grillo, who was dismembered and disposed of like many of the crew's murder victims, was the first occurrence of intra-crew discipline.

The next member who was murdered by DeMeo and the crew was [[Chris Rosenberg]], DeMeo's second-in-command within the group and reportedly his most loyal ally. Rosenberg had set up a drug deal with a Cuban man living in Florida and then murdered him and his associates when they traveled to New York to complete the sale. The Cuban had connections with a Colombian [[drug cartel]] and violence was threatened between the Colombians and the Gambino family unless Rosenberg was murdered. DeMeo was ordered to kill Rosenberg but stalled for weeks.

During this period of time DeMeo committed his most public murder, the victim being a college student with no criminal ties named Dominick Ragucci who was paying for his tuition by being a [[door-to-door]] salesman. DeMeo saw Ragucci parked outside his house and assumed it was an assassin. After a car chase, which consisted of Freddy DiNome at the wheel with DeMeo and Joseph Guglielmo hanging out of the windows firing wildly (Guglielmo even shot holes in the cars floorboards in his excitement). Ragucci was shot to death by DeMeo when his car became too damaged to continue driving. DeMeo, convinced it was an assassin from the drug cartel, returned home and gathered his family. He drove them out of New York and left them at a hotel for a short time.

DeMeo's son Albert wrote in his book, ''For The Sins of My Father'', that DeMeo started crying when he discovered he had killed an innocent boy. In the meantime, the murder of the college student had infuriated his superior Nino Gaggi, who ordered him again to kill Chris Rosenberg before there were any other innocent victims. In May 1979, Rosenberg, who reportedly had no knowledge of the Colombian situation, arrived at a meeting of the DeMeo Crew and was shot in the head by DeMeo. Crew member [[Anthony Senter]] then finished Rosenberg off when he managed to get up after DeMeo shot him.

Unlike Grillo, Rosenberg's body was not dismembered or made to disappear. The Colombians had demanded that his murder make the papers otherwise they would not believe it had actually occurred. DeMeo's men placed Rosenberg's body in his car and left it on the side of Cross Bay Boulevard (near Gateway National Wildlife Refuge) to be found. Albert DeMeo wrote in his book that Rosenberg's murder affected his father deeply, and that when DeMeo came home after the murder, he went into his study room and didn't come out for two days. Likewise, testimony from [[Frederick DiNome]] and [[Vito Arena]] claims that DeMeo expressed regret at having to kill Chris and at times appeared depressed over it.

===Empire Boulevard operation===
As 1979 continued DeMeo began to expand his business activities, in particular his auto theft operation, which would soon become the largest in [[New York City]]'s history. Dubbed the Empire Boulevard Operation by FBI agents, the operation consisted of hundreds of stolen cars being shipped from ports in New Jersey to [[Kuwait]] and [[Puerto Rico]]. DeMeo put together a group of five active partners in the operation, all of whom earned approximately $30,000 a week each in profit.

Aside from the active partners, other associates and crew members performed the actual stealing of the automobiles off the streets of New York. Among these associates was [[Vito Arena]], a long-time car thief and armed robber who began working for DeMeo in 1978 after murdering his old partner. Like DiNome, Arena would become closely involved with the DeMeo Crew by the end of the 1970s. In 1979, the scheme was nearly stopped by a legitimate car dealer who threatened to inform the police. He was murdered along with an uninvolved acquaintance before he could provide the proper authorities with information.

===Eppolito murders===
In late 1979, DeMeo and Nino Gaggi became involved in a conflict with James Eppolito and James Eppolito Jr., two made Gambino members in Gaggi's crew. They were both respectively the paternal uncle and cousin of the corrupt former [[New York City Police Department]] detective, [[Louis Eppolito]]. Louis Eppolito's father, Ralph Eppolito, was James Eppolito's brother and also a made member of the Gambino family.

Eppolito met with Paul Castellano and accused DeMeo and Gaggi of drug dealing, which carried the penalty of death. Castellano, to whom Gaggi was a close ally, sided against Eppolito in the situation and gave Gaggi permission to do what he pleased. He and DeMeo shot the two to death in Eppolito Jr.'s car en route to the [[Gemini Lounge]] on October 1, 1979. A witness driving by right as the shots were fired within the parked car managed to alert a nearby police officer, who arrested Gaggi after a shootout between the two that left Gaggi with a bullet wound in his neck.

Because DeMeo had split up with Gaggi as they left the scene, he was not arrested or identified by the witness. Gaggi would be charged with murder and the attempted murder of a police officer but through jury tampering was convicted only of assault and given a 5 to 15 year sentence in Federal Prison. DeMeo would murder the witness shortly after Gaggi's sentencing in March 1980.

The Empire Boulevard Operation had continued to expand through 1979 and 1980 until the warehouse serving as its headquarters was raided by agents from the [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]] branch of the FBI in the summer of 1980. The FBI had been surveilling the warehouse and some of the men unloading vehicles there and had shortly thereafter obtained a search warrant. Henry Borelli and Frederick DiNome were arrested in May 1981 for their roles in the operation, but there was not enough evidence to arrest any of the other active partners. DeMeo ordered Borelli and DiNome to plead guilty to the charges in hopes that it would stop any further investigations into his activities by the FBI or other law enforcement agencies.

===Downfall and murder===
[[File:Roydemeo2.JPG|thumb|left|150px|DeMeo in a 1982 surveillance photo with second-in-command Joseph Testa.]]
By 1982, the FBI was investigating the enormous number of missing and murdered persons who were linked to DeMeo or who had last been seen entering the [[Gemini Lounge]]. It is around this time that an FBI bug in the home of Gambino family soldier [[Angelo Ruggiero]] picked up a conversation between Angelo and [[Gene Gotti]], a brother of [[John Gotti]].

In the conversation, it is discussed that Paul Castellano had put out a hit on DeMeo, but was having difficulty finding someone willing to do the job. Gene Gotti mentions that his brother John was wary of taking the contract, as DeMeo had an "army of killers" around him. It is also mentioned in this same secretly recorded conversation that, at that time, John had killed fewer than 10 people, while DeMeo had killed at least 38. According to mob turncoat [[Sammy Gravano]], eventually the contract was given to [[Frank DeCicco]], but Frank and his crew couldn't get to DeMeo either. DeCicco allegedly handed the job to DeMeo's own men.

Albert DeMeo wrote that in his final days, DeMeo was paranoid and knew that he would be killed soon. DeMeo considered faking his own death and leaving the country. However, instead he left the house one day and never returned. Albert DeMeo later found DeMeo's personal belongings such as his watch, wallet, and ring in his study room, and also a [[Catholic Church|religious]] [[pamphlet]] indicating that DeMeo had gone to [[Sacrament of Penance (Catholic Church)|confession]] before his death.

According to the book ''Murder Machine'', in his final days DeMeo was seen wearing a leather jacket, with a shotgun concealed underneath. On January 10, 1983, DeMeo went to crew member [[Patrick Testa]]'s [[bodyshop]] for a meeting with his men. A few days later, on January 18, he was found murdered in his abandoned car's trunk. He had been shot multiple times in the head and had a bullet wound in his hand, assumed by law enforcement as being from throwing his hand up to his face in a self-defense reflex when the shots were fired at him. [[Anthony Gaggi]] was suspected by law enforcement officials of being the one who personally killed DeMeo, although it is likely crew members [[Joseph Testa]] and [[Anthony Senter]] were present as well.

Gaggi was not charged with the crime, although he was charged with a number of other murders. He died of a heart attack during his trial in 1988, aged 62. According to [[Anthony Casso]]'s 2008 biography, DeMeo was killed at Patrick Testa's East Flatbush home by Joseph Testa and Anthony Senter following an agreement with Casso, who was given the contract by Gotti and DeCicco after they were unable to kill DeMeo during the fall of 1982. The Casso biography notes that DeMeo was seated, about to receive coffee, when Testa and Senter opened fire. Anthony Gaggi was not present.

In April 1984, [[Colombo crime family]] soldier [[Ralph Scopo]] was overheard explaining to an associate that DeMeo had been killed by his own family because they merely suspected that he would not be able to stand up to legal charges that resulted from his stolen car ring. The motive as suggested by Scopo is widely accepted by law enforcement and other sources. Another reason was that DeMeo was attracting too much attention from the FBI.

DeMeo's crew was soon rounded up and the core members [[Henry Borelli]], Joseph Testa, and Anthony Senter were imprisoned for life after two trials that saw them convicted of a collective total of 25 murders, in addition to [[extortion]], [[car theft]] and [[drug trafficking]]. The convictions were secured in large part by testimony of former members [[Frederick DiNome]] and [[Dominick Montiglio]]. Paul Castellano was indicted for ordering the murder of DeMeo, as well as a host of other crimes, but was killed in December 1985, while out on bail in the middle of the first trial. The murder was ordered by John Gotti, who thus became the new boss of the Gambino family.

[[Richard Kuklinski]], a convicted contract killer and the focus of three HBO Undercover programs, also worked with DeMeo. He filled several contracts for DeMeo, and also claimed that he was the one who murdered him. He shot him five times (twice in the head), and pistol-whipped his corpse, leaving him in the trunk of his car to be found. It should be noted that Kuklinski's claim has yet to be backed by a single credible source and he's not mentioned in the book ''Murder Machine'', essentially a biography of the DeMeo crew.

==Media==
The story of DeMeo and his crew have been featured in the books ''Murder Machine'' by Gene Mustain and [[Jerry Capeci]] and ''For the Sins of My Father'' written by his son Albert DeMeo.

Through a family friend, personal items claimed to have once belonged to DeMeo, including artifacts supposedly from the Gemini Lounge, have been continually sold on [[ebay]] from 2007 through 2010, with an accompanying [[notarized]] [[certificate of authenticity]]. Among the items sold and claimed to have belonged to DeMeo are numerous neckties, shirts, cups and glassware, money clips, pistol grips and holsters, pocket knives, rosaries and religious medals, etc.

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
*''Murder Machine'' by Gene Mustain & [[Jerry Capeci]], 1993, ISBN 0-451-40387-8
*''For The Sins of My Father: A Mafia Killer, His Son, and the Legacy of a Mob Life'', by Al DeMeo, 2003, ISBN 978-0-7679-1129-0
*Abadinsky, Howard. ''Organized Crime''. 5th Edition, Chicago: Nelson-Hall, 1997.
*Gambino, Richard. ''Blood of my Blood: The Dilemma of the Italian American''. NY: Doubleday, 1974.
*Harvey, Jeff. "'Real Life Soprano' DeMeo gives Glimpse into Mob," Old Gold and Black Reporter, Wake Forest University, 21 November 2002.
*O'Brien, Joseph. ''Boss of Bosses: The Fall of the Godfather: The FBI and Paul Castellano''. NY: Dell, 1992.
*Pileggi, Nicholas, ''Wiseguy: Life in a Mafia Family''. New York: Pocket, 1985.
*DeStefano, Anthony. ''The Last Godfather: Joey Massino & the Fall of the Bonanno Crime Family''. California: Citadel, 2006.
*Raab, Selwyn. ''The Five Families: The Rise, Decline & Resurgence of America's Most Powerful Mafia Empire''. New York: St. Martins Press, 2005.

==External links==
*[http://www.crimelibrary.com/serial_killers/weird/roy_demeo/1.html Roy DeMeo at Crime Library]

{{Persondata 
| NAME =Demeo, Roy
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =September 7, 1942
| PLACE OF BIRTH =[[Brooklyn]], [[New York]], [[USA]]
| DATE OF DEATH =January 10, 1983
| PLACE OF DEATH =[[Brooklyn, New York]], [[USA]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Demeo, Roy}}
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:1983 deaths]]
[[Category:1975 murders in the United States]]
[[Category:1983 murders in the United States]]
[[Category:American mobsters of Italian descent]]
[[Category:Murdered American mobsters of Italian descent]]

[[Category:People from Brooklyn]]
[[Category:American drug traffickers]]
[[Category:Mafia hitmen]]
[[Category:Gambino crime family]]
[[Category:DeMeo Crew]]
[[Category:DeMeo Crew victims]]
[[Category:Burials at St. John's Cemetery (Queens)]]

[[Category:American mass murderers]]

[[fr:Roy DeMeo]]
[[ja:ロイ・デメイオ]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-12-21T03:29:48Z

Oracleofottawa: Undid revision 403334484 by 122.161.36.222 (talk)

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list comprises people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominantly German heritage, in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links, and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

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{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Georg Cantor]]: Mathematician, discoverer of the [[set theory]] (1870s), which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949. ([[Puma AG|Puma]]..)
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Walter Gerlach]]: Physicist who co-discovered spin quantization in a magnetic field, the [[Stern-Gerlach effect]].
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[David Hilbert]]: influental Mathematician, discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in math.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Martin Heinrich Klaproth]], Discovered the element [[Uranium]]
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity. Main discovery was the properties and shape of the [[wing]].

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher, who discovered the mechanics of capitalism and whose ideas shape the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, who, together with [[Otto Hahn]], explained theoretically nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discoveries in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discoveries in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus.
*[[Otto Stern]]: Nobel laureate; contributed to the discovery of spin quantization in the [[Stern-Gerlach experiment]] with [[Walther Gerlach]] in 1922.
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discoveries in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

==Y==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]

==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

[[ar:ملحق:قائمة مخترعين ومكتشفين ألمان]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-12-03T07:06:25Z

Oracleofottawa: /* M */ correction of factual error.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list comprises people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominantly German heritage, in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links, and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Georg Cantor]]: Mathematician, discoverer of the [[set theory]] (1870s), which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949. ([[Puma AG|Puma]]..)
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[David Hilbert]]: influental Mathematician, discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in math.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Martin Heinrich Klaproth]], Discovered the element [[Uranium]]
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity. Main discovery was the properties and shape of the [[wing]].

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher, who discovered the mechanics of capitalism and whose ideas shape the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, who, together with [[Otto Hahn]], explained theoretically nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discoveries in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discoveries in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discoveries in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

==Y==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]

==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

[[ar:قائمة مخترعين ومكتشفين ألمان]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-12-03T07:00:44Z

Oracleofottawa: /* D */ piping....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list comprises people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominantly German heritage, in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links, and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Georg Cantor]]: Mathematician, discoverer of the [[set theory]] (1870s), which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949. ([[Puma AG|Puma]]..)
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[David Hilbert]]: influental Mathematician, discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in math.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Martin Heinrich Klaproth]], Discovered the element [[Uranium]]
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity. Main discovery was the properties and shape of the [[wing]].

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher, who discovered the mechanics of capitalism and whose ideas shape the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, who, together with Otto Frisch, explained theoretically nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discoveries in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discoveries in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discoveries in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

==Y==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]

==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

[[ar:قائمة مخترعين ومكتشفين ألمان]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-11-22T03:25:24Z

Oracleofottawa: /* L */ reinforcing caption.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list comprises people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominantly German heritage, in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links, and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Georg Cantor]]: Mathematician, discoverer of the [[set theory]] (1870s), which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[David Hilbert]]: influental Mathematician, discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in math.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Martin Heinrich Klaproth]], Discovered the element [[Uranium]]
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity. Main discovery was the properties and shape of the [[wing]].

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher, who discovered the mechanics of capitalism and whose ideas shape the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discoveries in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discoveries in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discoveries in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

==Y==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]

==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

[[ar:قائمة مخترعين ومكتشفين ألمان]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-11-22T03:11:34Z

Oracleofottawa: /* M */ spelling and formatting.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list comprises people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominantly German heritage, in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links, and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Georg Cantor]]: Mathematician, discoverer of the [[set theory]] (1870s), which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[David Hilbert]]: influental Mathematician, discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in math.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Martin Heinrich Klaproth]], Discovered the element [[Uranium]]
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher, who discovered the mechanics of capitalism and whose ideas shape the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discoveries in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discoveries in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discoveries in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

==Y==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]

==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

[[ar:قائمة مخترعين ومكتشفين ألمان]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-11-22T03:10:38Z

Oracleofottawa: /* M */ reinforcing caption for the shallow of intellect and knowledge....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list comprises people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominantly German heritage, in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links, and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Georg Cantor]]: Mathematician, discoverer of the [[set theory]] (1870s), which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[David Hilbert]]: influental Mathematician, discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in math.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Martin Heinrich Klaproth]], Discovered the element [[Uranium]]
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher, whos discovered the mechanics of capitalism and whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discoveries in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discoveries in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discoveries in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

==Y==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]

==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

[[ar:قائمة مخترعين ومكتشفين ألمان]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-11-22T03:08:05Z

Oracleofottawa: Undid revision 397973180 by 96.48.13.234 (talk)discovered the mechanics of capitalism.. moron....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list comprises people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominantly German heritage, in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links, and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Georg Cantor]]: Mathematician, discoverer of the [[set theory]] (1870s), which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[David Hilbert]]: influental Mathematician, discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in math.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Martin Heinrich Klaproth]], Discovered the element [[Uranium]]
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discoveries in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discoveries in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discoveries in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

==Y==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]

==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

[[ar:قائمة مخترعين ومكتشفين ألمان]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-11-11T03:33:20Z

Oracleofottawa: /* K */ adding klaproth.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Georg Cantor]]: Mathematician, discoverer of the [[set theory]] (1870s), which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[David Hilbert]]: influental Mathematician, discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in math.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Martin Heinrich Klaproth]], Discovered the element [[Uranium]]
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discoveries in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discoveries in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discoveries in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

==Y==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]

==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-11-10T01:04:50Z

Oracleofottawa: /* C */ you don't invent math you discover it see Erdos etc......

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Georg Cantor]]: Mathematician, discoverer of the [[set theory]] (1870s), which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics.
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[David Hilbert]]: influental Mathematician, discovered and developed a broad range of fundamental ideas in math.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discoveries in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discoveries in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discoveries in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discoveries in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

==Y==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]

==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

John Wisdom

2010-11-03T03:23:45Z

Oracleofottawa: internal link...

{{Other people3|the philosopher|the U.S. court of appeals judge|John Minor Wisdom}}
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}
'''John Oulton Wisdom''' (J. O. Wisdom, 1904–1993) was a leading [[English people|British]] [[philosopher]] considered to be an [[Ordinary language philosophy|ordinary language]] [[philosopher]], a [[philosopher of mind]] and a metaphysician. He was influenced by [[G.E. Moore]], [[Ludwig Wittgenstein]] and [[Sigmund Freud]], and in turn explained and extended their work.

Wisdom was for most of his career at [[Trinity College, Cambridge]], and became Professor of Philosophy at Cambridge University. Near the end of his career he was Professor of Philosophy at the [[University of Oregon]]. He was president of the [[Aristotelian Society]] from 1950 to 1951.

His famous "[[Parable of the Invisible Gardener]]" is a [[dialectic]] on the existence or absence of God.

==Major Writings==
* ''Interpretation and Analysis''. (1931)
* ''Problems of Mind and Matter''. (1934)
* "Philosophical Perplexity". ''Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society'', 1936-37.
* ''Other Minds''. (1952)
* ''Philosophy & PsychoAnalysis''. (1953)
* ''Paradox and Discovery''. (1965)
* ''Proof and Explanation'' (The Virginia Lectures 1957). (1991)

{{Analytic philosophy}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Wisdom, John
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wisdom, John}}
[[Category:1904 births]]
[[Category:1993 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century philosophers]]
[[Category:Philosophers of language]]
[[Category:Philosophers of mind]]

[[sk:John Wisdom]]

John Wisdom

2010-11-03T03:23:09Z

Oracleofottawa: internal links and piping....

{{Other people3|the philosopher|the U.S. court of appeals judge|John Minor Wisdom}}
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}
'''John Oulton Wisdom''' (J. O. Wisdom, 1904–1993) was a leading [[English people|British]] [[philosopher]] considered to be an [[Ordinary language philosophy|ordinary language]] [[philosopher]], a [[philosopher of mind]] and a metaphysician. He was influenced by [[G.E. Moore]], [[Ludwig Wittgenstein]] and [[Sigmund Freud]], and in turn explained and extended their work.

Wisdom was for most of his career at [[Trinity College, Cambridge]], and became Professor of Philosophy at Cambridge University. Near the end of his career he was Professor of Philosophy at the [[University of Oregon]]. He was president of the [[Aristotelian Society]] from 1950 to 1951.

His famous "[[Parable of the Invisible Gardener]]" is a dialectic on the existence or absence of God.

==Major Writings==
* ''Interpretation and Analysis''. (1931)
* ''Problems of Mind and Matter''. (1934)
* "Philosophical Perplexity". ''Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society'', 1936-37.
* ''Other Minds''. (1952)
* ''Philosophy & PsychoAnalysis''. (1953)
* ''Paradox and Discovery''. (1965)
* ''Proof and Explanation'' (The Virginia Lectures 1957). (1991)

{{Analytic philosophy}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Wisdom, John
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wisdom, John}}
[[Category:1904 births]]
[[Category:1993 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century philosophers]]
[[Category:Philosophers of language]]
[[Category:Philosophers of mind]]

[[sk:John Wisdom]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T01:13:52Z

Oracleofottawa: /* M */ image size....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T01:13:16Z

Oracleofottawa: /* M */ adding image of karl image......

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
[[Image:Marx3.jpg|right|thumb|185px|[[Karl Marx]]]]
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T01:08:50Z

Oracleofottawa: /* F */ adding full name and internal link.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Johannes Gutenberg]] in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T01:07:33Z

Oracleofottawa: /* H */ spelling in caption.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to split the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T01:06:57Z

Oracleofottawa: /* H */ adding copyright free image of otto hahn.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-46019-0001, Otto Hahn.jpg|right|thumb|175px|[[Otto Hahn]] the first man to plit the atom.]]
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T01:01:39Z

Oracleofottawa: /* K */ tweaking image location.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:58:41Z

Oracleofottawa: /* R */ tweaking image size.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:58:02Z

Oracleofottawa: /* K */ tweaking image size.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:56:30Z

Oracleofottawa: /* B */ tweaking image location.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:55:49Z

Oracleofottawa: /* B */ adding copyright free image of von Braun.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
[[Image:S-IC engines and Von Braun.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Wernher von Braun]]]]
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:51:15Z

Oracleofottawa: /* H */ tweaking image size and internal link.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Felix Hoffmann]]]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:49:50Z

Oracleofottawa: tweaking image size....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right|175px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:48:59Z

Oracleofottawa: /* F */ tweaking image size.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|right|thumb|175px|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:48:03Z

Oracleofottawa: /* E */ tweaking image size....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|175px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:47:36Z

Oracleofottawa: /* C */ tweaking image size....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:46:44Z

Oracleofottawa: moving image to empty location....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|175px|thumb|[[Max Planck]]]]
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==

*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:45:02Z

Oracleofottawa: /* P */ mod link. image...

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==
[[Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|220px|Max Planck]]
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-31T00:43:56Z

Oracleofottawa: /* P */ adding copyright free image of max planck....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
[[Image:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 4.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Albert Einstein]] in [[List of Nobel Laureates in Physics|1921]], the year he was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]]]
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.

==P==
Image:Max Planck (Nobel 1918).jpg|right|220px|Max Planck
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
*[[Ralf Reski]]: Moss [[Bioreactor]] (1998)
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Mary Astell

2010-10-24T03:20:24Z

Oracleofottawa: internal link and piping....

{{Quote box
|width = 33%
|align = right
|bgcolor = #c6dbf7
|quote = If all Men are born free, how is it that all Women are born Slaves?
|salign = right
|source = — Mary Astell, ''Some Reflections on Marriage''
}}
'''Mary Astell''' (12 November 1666 – 11 May 1731) was an [[English people|English]] [[feminism|feminist]] [[writer]]. Her advocacy of equal [[educational opportunities for women]] has earned her the title "the first English feminist."<ref name="litencyc">Batchelor, Jennie. "[http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=168 Mary Astell]". ''The Literary Encyclopedia''. 21 March 2002. Accessed 6 July 2008.</ref>

==Life and career==
Few records of Mary Astell's life have survived. As biographer Ruth Perry explains, "as a woman she had little or no business in the world of commerce, politics, or law. She was born, she died; she owned a small house for some years; she kept a bank account; she helped to open a charity school in Chelsea: these facts the public listings can supply."<ref>Perry, 22.</ref> Only four of her letters were saved and these because they had been written to important men of the period. Researching the biography, Perry uncovered more letters and manuscript fragments, but she notes that if Astell had not written to wealthy aristocrats who could afford to pass down entire estates, very little of her life would have survived.<ref>Perry, 23.</ref>

Mary Astell was born in [[Newcastle upon Tyne]] on 12 November 1666, to Peter and Mary (Errington) Astell.<ref name="smith2">Smith, ''Mary Astell'', 2.</ref> Her parents had two other children, William, who died in infancy, and Peter, her younger brother.<ref name="smith2"/><ref>Sutherland, ''Eloquence'', xi.</ref> Her family was upper-middle-class and lived in Newcastle throughout her early childhood. Her father was a conservative royalist Anglican who managed a local [[coal]] company.<ref name="litencyc"/> As a woman, Mary received no formal education, although she did receive informal education from her uncle, an ex-clergyman whose bouts with alcoholism prompted his suspension from the [[Church of England]]. Mary's father died when she was twelve,<ref name="litencyc"/> leaving her without a dowry. With the remainder of the family finances invested in her brother's higher education, Mary and her mother relocated to live with Mary's aunt.

After the death of her mother and aunt in 1688, Mary moved to [[London]]. Her location in Chelsea meant that Astell was fortunate enough to become acquainted with a circle of literary and influential women (including [[Lady Mary Chudleigh]], [[Elizabeth Thomas]], [[Judith Drake]], [[Elizabeth Elstob]], and [[Lady Mary Wortley Montagu]]),<ref>Sowaal, Alice. "Mary Astell." ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy''. (2005) 16 December 2006
<http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/astell/>.</ref> who assisted in the development and publication of her work. She was also in contact with the Archbishop of Canterbury, [[William Sancroft]], who was known for his charitable works; Sancroft assisted Astell financially and furthermore introduced her to her future publisher.

Astell died in 1731, a few months after a mastectomy to remove a cancerous right breast. In her last days, she refused to see any of her acquaintances and stayed in a room with her coffin, thinking only of God. She is remembered now for her ability to debate freely with both contemporary men and women, and particularly her groundbreaking methods of negotiating the position of women in society by engaging in philosophical debate ([[René Descartes|Descartes]] was a particular influence) rather than basing her arguments in historical evidence as had previously been attempted. Descartes' theory of dualism, a separate mind and body, allowed Astell to promote the idea that women as well as men had the ability to reason, and subsequently they should not be treated so poorly: "If all Men are born Free, why are all Women born Slaves?"<ref>Astell, ''Reflections'', 107.</ref>

==Books==
[[Image:AstellProposal.jpg|thumb|right|Title page from the third edition of ''A Serious Proposal'']]
Her two most well known books, ''A Serious Proposal to the Ladies, for the Advancement of Their True and Greatest Interest'' (1694) and ''A Serious Proposal, Part II'' (1697), outline Astell's plan to establish a new type of institution for women to assist in providing women with both religious and secular education. Astell suggests extending women's career options beyond mother and nun. Astell wanted all women to have the same opportunity as men to spend eternity in heaven with God, and she believed that for this they needed to be educated and to understand their experiences. The 'nunnery' style education she proposed would enable women to live in a protected environment, without the influences of the external patriarchal society.

Her proposal was never adopted because critics said it seemed "too Catholic" for the English. Later her ideas about women were satirized by the writer [[Jonathan Swift]]. Despite this, she was still an intellectual force in London's educated classes.

In the early 1690s Astell entered into correspondence with [[John Norris (philosopher)|John Norris]] of Bemerton, after reading Norris's ''Practical Discourses, upon several Divine subjects''. The letters illuminate Astell's thoughts on God and theology. Norris thought the letters worthy of publication and had them published with Astell's consent as ''Letters Concerning the Love of God'' (1695). Her name did not appear in the book, but her identity was soon discovered and her rhetorical style was much lauded by contemporaries.

==List of works==
* ''A Serious Proposal to the Ladies for the Advancement of their True and Greatest Interest''. London, 1694, 1697, 1701
* ''Letters Concerning the Love of God, between the author of the 'Proposal to the Ladies' and Mr John Norris''. London, 1695
* ''Some Reflections upon Marriage''. London, 1700
* ''Moderation Truly Stated: A Review of a Late Pamphlet Entitul'd 'Moderation a Vertue' with a Prefatory Discourse to Dr D'Avenant Concerning His Late Essays on Peace and War''. London, 1704
* ''A Fair Way with the Dissenters and their Patrons''. London, 1704
* ''An Impartial Enquiry into the Causes of Rebellion and Civil War in This Kingdom''. London, 1704
* ''The Christian Religion as Profess'd by a Daughter of the Church of England''. London, 1705
* ''Bart'lemy Fair'', or ''An Enquiry after Wit''. London, 1709

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* Astell, Mary. ''A Serious Proposal to the Ladies''. Ed. Patricia Springborg. Peterborough: Broadview Press, 2002. ISBN 1551113066.
* Hill, Bridget. ''The First English Feminist: "Reflections Upon Marriage" and Other Writings by Mary Astell''. Aldershot: Gower Publishing, 1986.
* Hill, Bridget. "A Refuge from Men: The Idea of a Protestant Nunnery". ''Past and Present'' 117 (1987): 107-30.
* James, Regina. "Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary, Or, Mary Astell and Mary Wollstonecraft Compared". ''Studies in Eighteenth Century Culture'' 5 (1976): 121-39.
* Kinnaird, Joan K. "Mary Astell and the Conservative Contribution to English Feminism". ''Journal of British Studies'' 19 (1979): 53-79.
* Perry, Ruth. ''The Celebrated Mary Astell: An Early English Feminist''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986. ISBN 0226660931.
* Smith, Florence M. ''Mary Astell''. New York: Columbia University Press, 1916.
* Springborg, Patricia. ''Mary Astell (1666–1731), Political Writings''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
* Springborg, Patricia. "Mary Astell and John Locke". ''The Cambridge Companion to English Literature, 1650 to 1750''. Ed. Steven Zwicker. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
* Sutherland, Christine. ''The Eloquence of Mary Astell''. University of Calgary Press, 2005.
* ''Mary Astell: Reason, Gender, Faith''. Edited by William Kolbrener and Michal Michelson. Aldershot, 2007, 230 pp.

==External links==
*{{sep entry|astell|Mary Astell|Alice Sowaal|2005-07-01}}
*[http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/astell.html Mary Astell(1666-1731)] at [http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/ Great Voyages: History of Western Philosophy]
*[http://www.luminarium.org/eightlit/astell/astellbib.php Excerpts from Astell's works]


{{Persondata
|NAME = Astell, Mary
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
|SHORT DESCRIPTION = English feminist writer
|DATE OF BIRTH = November 12, 1666
|PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Newcastle upon Tyne]], [[England]]
|DATE OF DEATH = May 11, 1731
|PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Astell, Mary}}
[[Category:1666 births]]
[[Category:1731 deaths]]
[[Category:Feminist studies scholars]]
[[Category:People from Newcastle upon Tyne]]
[[Category:Rhetoricians]]
[[Category:Feminist writers]]
[[Category:English women writers]]
[[Category:17th-century women writers]]
[[Category:18th-century women writers]]
[[Category:English educationists]]
[[Category:Feminism and history]]

[[ca:Mary Astell]]
[[fr:Mary Astell]]
[[he:מרי אסטל]]
[[nl:Mary Astell]]
[[no:Mary Astell]]
[[pt:Mary Astell]]
[[fi:Mary Astell]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-14T01:00:45Z

Oracleofottawa: /* I */ adding piping.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[European Central Bank|ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-14T00:59:48Z

Oracleofottawa: /* I */ Didn't think any germans names could start with I did you?.. adding Issing, and caption, removed add box.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==
*[[Otmar Issing]], Invented the "two pillar" decision algorithm now used by the [[ECB]]

==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-12T02:16:40Z

Oracleofottawa: /* K */ adding erhard kietz.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Erhard Kietz]]: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-11T01:45:13Z

Oracleofottawa: /* G */ adding internal link to caption....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the [[incompleteness theorem]]s
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-11T01:44:10Z

Oracleofottawa: /* G */ adding kurt godel....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Kurt Gödel]]: important discoveries in math and logic, such as the incompleteness theroems
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-11T01:39:09Z

Oracleofottawa: /* B */ placing in alphabetical order......

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-10-11T01:36:43Z

Oracleofottawa: /* B */ placing in alpha order.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-09-24T01:56:00Z

Oracleofottawa: /* Z */ adding karl zimmer, caption and internal links....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Karl Zimmer]]: Discovered the effects of [[ionizing radiation]] on [[DNA]].
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-09-24T01:27:58Z

Oracleofottawa: /* A */ caption change....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented a better television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-09-24T01:25:37Z

Oracleofottawa: /* A */ adding robert adler and caption.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Robert Adler]]: Invented the first television remote control.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-09-24T01:18:22Z

Oracleofottawa: /* A */ adding ernst abbe and caption with internal links....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
*[[Ernst Abbe]]: Invented the first [[refractometer]], and many other devices.
*[[Alois Alzheimer]]: (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-09-23T03:35:47Z

Oracleofottawa: /* H */ adding hess and caption.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
* [[Alois Alzheimer]] (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Victor Francis Hess]]: Discovered [[Cosmic rays]]. Also won the [[Nobel Prize]].
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-09-21T02:07:39Z

Oracleofottawa: /* B */ internal links.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
* [[Alois Alzheimer]] (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the [[Bunsen burner]], and with [[Gustav Kirchhoff]] he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-09-21T02:06:37Z

Oracleofottawa: /* B */ internal links.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
* [[Alois Alzheimer]] (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the [[V2 rocket]] for Germany. Built [[Saturn V rocket]] in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the Bunsen burner, and with Gustav Kirchhoff he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-09-21T02:05:37Z

Oracleofottawa: /* B */ internal link.....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
* [[Alois Alzheimer]] (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globe of the world ([[Erdapfel]]).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the V-2 rocket for Germany. Built Saturn V rocket in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the Bunsen burner, and with Gustav Kirchhoff he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]

Liste deutscher Erfinder und Entdecker

2010-09-21T02:03:22Z

Oracleofottawa: /* B */ adding internal link....

__NOTOC__
This is a list of '''German inventors and discoverers'''. The following list is composed of people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominate German heritage in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. '''Please read the [[#Notes|Notes]] section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.'''

----
{| align=center
! bgcolor=#dddddd align=left | '''Existing''': 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#A|A]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#B|B]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#C|C]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#D|D]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#E|E]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#F|F]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#G|G]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#H|H]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#I|I]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd |  [[#J|J]] 
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#K|K]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#L|L]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#M|M]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#N|N]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#O|O]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#P|P]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Q|Q]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#R|R]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#S|S]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#T|T]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#U|U]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#V|V]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#W|W]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#X|X]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Y|Y]]
| bgcolor=#dddddd | [[#Z|Z]]
|-
|-
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#Notes|Notes]]
| colspan=9 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#See also|See also]]
| colspan=10 align=center bgcolor=#bbbbbb | [[#External links|External links]]
|}
----

[[Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg|thumb| right| 150px| Ardenne in 1933]]
==A==
* [[Alois Alzheimer]] (1864–1915): Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age
*[[Manfred von Ardenne]]: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
*[[Leopold Auerbach]]: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.

==B==
*[[Oscar Barnack]]: The father of the first mass marketed 35mm camera and [[Leica]].
*[[Karl Ernst von Baer]]: Discovered mammal ovum.
*[[Wilhelm Bauer]]: Inventor and engineer, who built several hand-powered submarines.
*[[Hans Beck]]: Inventor of the toy [[Playmobil]].
*[[Martin Behaim]]: Inventor of the first globus (Erdapfel).
*[[Emil Adolf von Behring]]: Discoverer of diphtheria antitoxin. He was awarded histories first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
*[[Melitta Bentz]]: Inventor of the coffee filter, 1908.
*[[Karl Benz]]: Father and inventor of the gasoline-powered automobile, 1885, and pioneering founder of automobile manufacturing.
*[[Johann Elert Bode]] Discovered the Titus-Bode Law
*[[Carl Bosch]]: Chemist and Nobel laureate, discovered the processes of industrial high pressure chemistry.
*[[Robert Bosch]]: He invented, engineered and launched various innovations for the motor vehicle.
*[[Karlheinz Brandenburg]]: Inventor and audio engineer; father of audio compression format MPEG Audio Layer 3, more commonly known as MP3.
*[[Wernher von Braun]]: The preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century. Developed the V-2 rocket for Germany. Built Saturn V rocket in USA which put the man on the moon.
*[[Robert Bunsen]]: Chemist who developed the Bunsen burner, and with Gustav Kirchhoff he discovered caesium (1860) and rubidium (1861).
*[[Wilhelm Busch]]: Caricaturist, painter and poet; father of comics.
*[[Carl Friedrich Bückling]]: Inventor of the first German steam-powered machine.

==C==

[[Image:gottliebdaimler1.jpg|thumb|right|213px|Gottlieb Daimler]]
*[[Carl von Clausewitz]]: The father of modern military theory.

==D==
*[[Gottlieb Daimler]]: He invented the first high-speed petrol engine and the first four-wheel automobile, also the first gasoline-powered motorcycle.
*[[Adolf Dassler|Adolf "Adi" Dassler]]: Sport sneakers with and without spikes. ([[Addidas]]..)
*[[Rudolf Dassler]]: First sport shoes with screw-in shoe spikes, 1949.
*[[Rudolf Diesel]]: Inventor of the [[diesel engine]].
*[[Christian Doppler]]: Discovered the [[Doppler effect]].
*[[Walter Robert Dornberger]]: Co-inventor of the [[V2 rocket]].
*[[Karl Drais]]: Inventor of the bicycle and typewriter (1821) among other things.
*[[Peter Ferdinand Drucker]]: Invented the science of modern management.

==E==
*[[Paul Ehrlich]]: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
*[[Albert Einstein]]: Godfather of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.
*[[Leonard Euler]]: Many discoveries in mathematics. "He is our teacher in all things."

==F==
*[[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]]: Physicist and engineer who invented the [[alcohol thermometer]] (1709), the [[mercury thermometer]] (1714), and [[Fahrenheit|a temperature scale now named after him]].
*[[Hermann Emil Fischer]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Joseph von Fraunhofer]]: Discovery of the dark absorption lines known as Fraunhofer lines in the Sun's spectrum, and for making excellent optical glass and achromatic telescope objectives.
*[[Nikolaus Friedreich]]: Discovery of Friedreich-Auerbach disease (together with Leopold Auerbach) among other things.
*[[Sigmund Freud]]: The founder of [[psychoanalysis]].
[[File:Johannes Gutenberg.jpg|thumb|Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving]]

==G==
*[[Brothers Grimm]]: Academic pioneers of [[linguistics]] and storytelling; [[Grimm's law]].
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß]]: Inventor of the first electromagnetic telegraph; discoverer of [[list of topics named after Carl Friedrich Gauss|many things in mathematics and physics]], known as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
*[[Heinrich Göbel]]: Inventor of the first light bulb in 1854.
*[[Peter Carl Goldmark]]: Engineer who was instrumental in developing the long-playing (LP) microgroove 33-1/3 rpm vinyl phonograph disc.
*[[Heinz Guderian]]: The father of modern mechanized warfare.
*[[Otto von Guericke]]: Discovered vacuum pump.
*[[Johannes Gutenberg]]: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type.

==H==
*[[Fritz Haber]]:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
*[[Otto Hahn]]: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Henry J. Heinz]]: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]: Theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
*[[Hellmann's and Best Foods|Richard Hellmann]]: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
[[Image:Felix Hoffman.jpg|thumb|right|Felix Hoffmann]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]: Discovered the principal of the conservation of energy.
*[[Peter Henlein]]: Inventor of the watch.
*[[Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel]]: Discovered infrared radiation among other things.
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]: Physicist, Discoverer of electromagnetic/radio waves.
*[[Albert Hoffman]]: Discovered the chemical properties of [[chitin]] and [[lysergic acid diethylamide]].
*[[Felix Hoffmann]]: Aspirin (Bayer), 1897.
*[[Gottlob Honold]]: Inventor of the spark plug and the modern internal combustion engine, as well as headlights.
*[[Christian Huelsmeyer]]: Inventor of Radar.
*[[Alexander von Humboldt]]: Naturalist and explorer. His quantitative work on botanical geography was foundational to the field of biogeography.
*[[Wilhelm von Humboldt]]: Originator of the [[linguistic relativity]] hypothesis.

==I==

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==J==
*[[Hugo Junkers]]: Pioneer of all-metal aircraft construction with the [[Junkers J 1]] (1915–16)

==K==
*[[Johannes Kepler]]: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
*[[Gustav Kirchoff]]: Discovery's of the principles upon which [[spectrum analysis]] is founded.
*[[Robert Koch]]: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
[[File:Robert Koch berlin.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in [[Berlin]]]]
*[[Julius H. Kroehl]]: Inventor and enginner, who built the first functioning submarine of the world.
*[[Alfred Krupp]]: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

==L==
*[[Eugen Langen]]: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
*[[Max von Laue]]: Discovery's regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
*[[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]]: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
*[[Justus von Liebig]]: Discovery's in chemistry.
*[[Otto Lilienthal]]: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator of humanity.

==M==
*[[Ernst Mach]]: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the [[Mach number]] is dedicated to his memory.
*[[Georg Hans Madelung]]: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the [[Junkers F.13]].
*[[Karl Marx]]: Political economist and philosopher whose ideas shaped the world we now live in.
*[[Wilhelm Maybach]]: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
*[[Ottomar von Mayenburg]]: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
*[[Lise Meitner]]: Nuclear physicist, the only woman in the team that discovered nuclear fission.
*[[Gregor Mendel]]: Discovery's in genetics.
*[[Johannes Peter Müller]]: Discovery's in physiology.


==N==

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==O==
*[[Hermann Oberth]]: Pioneer of rocket science and discoverer of the [[Oberth effect]].
*[[Hans von Ohain|Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain]]: The modern jet engine in 1933, patented in 1936.
*[[Nikolaus Otto|Nikolaus August Otto]]: Inventor of the first internal-combustion engine to efficiently burn fuel directly in a piston chamber.
[[Image:Max-Planck-und-Albert-Einstein.jpg|thumb||[[Max Planck]] presents [[Albert Einstein]] with the Max-Planck medal, Berlin June 28, 1929]]

==P==
*[[Max Planck]]: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
*[[Robert Pohl|Robert Wichard Pohl]]: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

==Q==

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==R==
*[[Johann Philipp Reis]]: Inventor of the first phone transmitter in 1861, he also invented the term ''Telephone''.
[[Image:Paul Julius Reuter 1869.jpg|thumb|right|Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by [[Rudolf Lehmann (artist)|Rudolf Lehmann]]]]
*[[Paul Reuter|Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter]]: Communications pioneer.
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen]]: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.

==S==
*[[Hans Sauer]]: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
*[[Heinrich Schliemann]]: Father of [[archaeology]], among other things he discovered Homeric [[Troy]].
*[[Bernhard Schmidt]]: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
*[[Paul Schmidt (inventor)]]: Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); [[pulsejet]] was a development by Schmidt.
*[[Theodor Schwann]]: Discovery's of properties of cells in animals.
*[[Johann Lukas Schönlein]]: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
*[[Marx Schwab]]: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
*[[Werner Sell]]: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
*[[Ernst Werner von Siemens]]: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus
*[[Eduard Suess]]: Discovery's in geology.

==T==
*[[Louis Tuchscherer]]: Inventor and mechanical engineer.

==U==
*[[Dietrich Uhlhorn|Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn]]: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.

[[Image:Anna Berthe Roentgen.gif|thumb|''Hand mit Ringen'': print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to [[Ludwig Zehnder|Professor Ludwig Zehnder]] of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896]]

==V==
*[[Abraham Vater]]: Ampulla of Vater.
*[[Tri-Ergon|Hans Vogt]]: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater ''Alhambra '', Berlin, Germany.
*[[Woldemar Voigt]]: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
*[[Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer)]]: Chief designer at [[Messerschmitt|Messerschmitt's]] Oberammergau offices.

==W==
*[[Felix Wankel]]: Inventor of the Rotary Motor.
*[[Max Weber]]: Discovered the mass effects of capitalism and modernity.
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]: Inventor of the first the first electromagnetic telegraph together with Carl Friedrich Gauss.
*[[Gustav Weißkopf]]: Aviation pioneer - Worlds First Motorized Flight: August 14, 1901.
*[[Clemens Alexander Winkler]]: Chemist who discovered the element germanium in 1886.
*[[Friedrich Wöhler]]: The first to synthesis [[urea]].

==X==

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==Y==

[[File:Zuse Z1-2.jpg|thumb|right|Zuse Z1 replica in the [[German Museum of Technology (Berlin)|German Museum of Technology]] in Berlin]]
==Z==
* [[Carl Zeiss]]: Pioneered glass casting and allied procedures and processes for high quality optics.
* [[Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin]] (1838–1917): Inventor of the airship named after him. Start of the airship LZ1 in 1900.
*[[Konrad Zuse]]: Inventor of the first computing machine/computer, and the first [[high-level programming language]].

== Notes ==
'''When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if it is already in the list .''' If it isn't, you might also check to see if the article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. '''When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add it in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.'''

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key informations of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage. For example, [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the [[Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation]], his nationality is therefore German.

==See also==
* [[German inventions and discoveries]]
* [[List of German Americans]]

==External links==
* [http://germanoriginality.com/madein/inventions.php "Made in Germany"]
* [http://german.about.com/library/blerfindung.htm German Inventions - Discoveries]
* [http://www.zoomwhales.com/inventors/germany.shtml A Sampling of German Inventors and Inventions]

{{Inventions}}

[[Category:German inventions]]
[[Category:History of Germany]]
[[Category:Lists of inventions or discoveries]]