Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Episcopal Diocese of New York

2006-05-26T10:30:42Z

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'''The Episcopal Diocese of New York''' consists of the boroughs of [[Manhattan]], the [[Bronx]], and [[Staten Island]] in [[New York City]], and the counties of [[Dutchess County, New York|Dutchess]], [[Orange County, New York|Orange]], [[Putnam County, New York|Putnam]], [[Rockland County, New York|Rockland]], [[Sullivan County, New York|Sullivan]], [[Ulster County, New York|Ulster]], and [[Westchester County, New York|Westchester]] in the state of [[New York]]. The diocesan offices are located in Manhattan near the [[Cathedral of Saint John the Divine]] on [[Amsterdam Avenue]].

The diocese is one of the [[List of Original Dioceses of ECUSA|nine original]] [[Dioceses of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America]].

==External links==
* [http://dioceseny.org Episcopal Diocese of New York] Web site

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[[Category:Episcopal dioceses of the United States|New York]]

Carnegie Hill

2006-05-25T12:44:09Z

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'''Carnegie Hill''' is a neighborhood within the [[Upper East Side]] of [[Manhattan]] in [[New York City]]. Roughly speaking, it is bounded by 86th St. on the south, Third Avenue on the east, 98th St. (i.e., [[Spanish Harlem]]) on the north, and [[Fifth Avenue (Manhattan)|Fifth Avenue]] (i.e., [[Central Park]]) on the west.

The neighborhood is named for the mansion that [[Andrew Carnegie]] built at Fifth Avenue and 91st St. in [[1901]]. The mansion is today the [[Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum]], a branch of the [[Smithsonian Institution]].

One of New York's most prestigious and expensive neighborhoods, most of the neighborhood's opulent [[townhouses]], built in the early [[twentieth century]], are protected as part of the Carnegie Hill Historic District. Many of the townhouses are single family residences, although some have been converted to [[apartments]].

Known for its "[[suburban]]" family-friendly atmosphere, Carnegie Hill boasts many fine restaurants, upscale boutiques, and gourmet food stores. Following New York City's tradition of similar stores residing next to one another, the stretch of [[Madison Avenue]] that runs through Carnegie Hill is known for its numerous children's clothing boutiques. The neighborhood also includes several schools, including [[The Dalton School|Dalton]], St. David's, Nightengale, and Sacred Heart.

Celebrity residents of Carnegie Hill include "Today Show" host [[Katie Couric]], actor [[Paul Newman]] and his wife, [[Joanne Woodward]], actor [[Kevin Kline]], and, until recently, actor and director [[Woody Allen]], who sold his Carnegie Hill townhouse in 2004 for well over $20,000,000.

Also within Carnegie Hill along [[Fifth Avenue]] is the [[National Academy Museum]] in the former Huntington mansion, the [[Neue Gallerie]] in the former Vanderbilt mansion, and the [[Jewish Museum]] in the former Warburg mansion. The [[El Museo del Barrio]] and the [[Museum of the City of New York]] are both just north of Carnegie Hill also along Fifth Avenue; together these museums partly comprise the famed "[[Museum Mile]]". The [[92nd Street Y]] is a cultural institution located on [[Lexington Avenue]].

==In popular culture==
Movies set in Carnegie Hill include ''[[The Devil's Advocate (film)|Devil's Advocate]]'', ''[[A Perfect Murder]]'', and ''[[Ransom (film)|Ransom]]''.

==See also==
* [[Mount Sinai Hospital, New York|Mount Sinai Hospital]]
* [[Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum]]

==External link==
* [http://ndm.si.edu/ Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum]

[[Category:Manhattan neighborhoods]]
[[Category:Andrew Carnegie]]

{{New York City}}

[[es:Carnegie Hill]]
[[sv:Carnegie Hill]]

Connectix

2006-03-16T15:43:33Z

Modster: Category:1988 establishments Category:Defunct companies

'''Connectix Corporation''' was a software and hardware company, noted for having released innovative products that were either made obsolete as Apple incorporated the ideas into system software, or were sold to other companies once they become popular. It was formed in [[October]] [[1988]] by Jon Garber; dominant board members were Garber, Bonnie Fought (the two were later married), and close friend Roy McDonald. McDonald was still [[Chief Executive Officer]] and president when Connectix finally closed in [[August]] [[2003]].

Primary products included:
* Virtual, its original flagship product, which introduced virtual memory to the Macintosh OS years before Apple introduced System 7 (Virtual also ran on a motley assortment of accelerator cards for the original Mac / Mac Plus / Mac SE line, which were not supported under Apple's virtual memory implementation);
* MODE32 software, which allowed 32-bit addressing on "32-bit-dirty" [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]] systems (later bought by [[Apple Computer|Apple]] and distributed for free, at least in part to settle a class-action lawsuit brought by customers who demanded to know why their 32-bit 68020 microprocessors could not access more than 8 megabytes of RAM);
* MAXIMA, a RAM disk utility, better than the one that later came with the Mac OS as it saved its contents before and after reboots and also allowed booting from the RAM disk;
* RAM Doubler, the first product to combine compression with virtual memory, a top selling Mac utility for many years (eventually made obsolete as Apple improved their own virtual memory and RAM prices dropped); [There was also a RAM Doubler for Windows 3.1 which increased system resources - using a compression technique - therefore allowing more applications to run]
* Speed Doubler, which combined an enhanced disk cache, better Finder copy utility, and a dynamically recompiling 68K-to-PowerPC [[emulator]], which was faster than the both the interpretive emulator that shipped in the original PowerPCs and than the dynamically recompiling emulator that Apple shipped in later machines (made obsolete as 68K applications and OS code went away);
* [[Quickcam|QuickCam]] [[webcams]] (sold to [[Logitech]]) - originally the sole design of Jon Garber, he wanted to call it the 'Mac-camera', but was vetoed by Marketing who saw the possibility of it one day becoming a cross-platform product. Indeed, it was to become the first Connectix Windows product 14 months later, the first of many (RAM Doubler for Windows 3.1 being the next to take the leap; Kibitzer's note: the Mac QuickCam shipped in August 1994, RAM Doubler for Windows in April 1995, QuickCam for Windows in October 1995);
* [[Virtual Game Station]], [[PlayStation]] [[emulation]] software (sold to [[Sony]], who bought it only after their lawsuit to stop it failed, and then dropped the product immediately); and
* [[Virtual PC]] and [[Virtual server]] emulation software of [[x86]]-based personal computers for the [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]] and [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] (sold to [[Microsoft]]).

With the sale of ''Virtual PC'' development and support, staff were transferred to Microsoft, including [[Chief Technical Officer]] [[Eric Traut]], but not including any of the Connectix board members or Technical Support. Its Macintosh products, including ''DoubleTalk'', ''CopyAgent'' and ''RAM Doubler'', were discontinued.

[[Category:1988 establishments]]
[[Category:Defunct companies]]

[[fr:Connectix]]

34th Street (Manhattan)

2005-11-03T17:59:39Z

Modster: /* Places along 34th Street */ +Hammerstein Ballroom

'''34th Street''' is a major crosstown street in the [[New York City]] [[borough]] of [[Manhattan]], carrying [[New York State Highway 495]] between the [[Lincoln Tunnel]] and [[Queens-Midtown Tunnel]].

== Places along 34th Street ==
Places located along 34th Street include (from west to east):
*[[Jacob K. Javits Convention Center]]
*[[Hammerstein Ballroom]]
*[[Macy's]]
*[[Herald Square]]
*[[Empire State Building]]

==Intersections from east to west==
*[[FDR Drive]]
*[[First Avenue (Manhattan)|First Avenue]]
*[[Second Avenue (Manhattan)|Second Avenue]]
*[[Third Avenue (Manhattan)|Third Avenue]]
*[[Lexington Avenue (Manhattan)|Lexington Avenue]]
*[[Park Avenue (Manhattan)|Park Avenue]]
*[[Madison Avenue (Manhattan)|Madison Avenue]]
*[[Fifth Avenue (Manhattan)|Fifth Avenue]] - East 34th Street becomes West 34th Street
*[[Sixth Avenue (Manhattan)|Sixth Avenue]] (Avenue of the Americas)
*[[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]]
*[[Seventh Avenue]]
*[[Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)|Eighth Avenue]]
*[[Ninth Avenue (Manhattan)|Ninth Avenue]]
*[[Lincoln Tunnel]] access
*[[Tenth Avenue (Manhattan)|Tenth Avenue]]
*[[Eleventh Avenue (Manhattan)|Eleventh Avenue]]
*[[West Side Highway (Manhattan)|West Side Highway]]

==See also==
*[[Manhattan streets, 23-42]]
*''[[Miracle on 34th Street]]''

==External links==
*http://www.34thstreet.org/

[[Category:Streets in Manhattan|34]]
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Old North Bridge

2005-07-05T00:08:26Z

Modster: +Category:Bridges in MassachusettsCategory:Massachusetts history

[[Image:Old North Bridge, Concord, Massachusetts, July 2005.JPG|thumb|right|300px|Old North Bridge.]]

The '''Old North Bridge''' across the [[Concord River]] in [[Concord, Massachusetts]] is a historical site in the [[Battle of Lexington and Concord]], the first battle day in the [[Revolutionary War]]. Here five full companies of [[Minuteman|Minutemen]] and five of non-Minuteman militia occupied this hill with groups of other men streaming in, totaling about 500 against the British light infantry companies from the 4th, 10th, and 43rd Regiments of Foot under Captain Laurie, a force totalling about 115 men.

The site is now part of the [[National Park Service]]. It contains a memorial obelisk, a famous statue, and the by-now often reconstructed bridge, and is an extremely popular tourist destination. [[The Old Manse]], [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]]'s ancestral home and later residence of writer [[Nathaniel Hawthorne]], is immediately adjacent to the Old North Bridge.

[[Category:Bridges in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Massachusetts history]]

High Bridge (New York City)

2005-06-01T18:57:11Z

Modster: another image, wikilinks and category

[[Image:Hudson River High Bridge 1890 view.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The High Bridge over the [[Harlem River]] as seen in [[1890]].]]
The '''High Bridge''' is a stone [[masonry]] [[bridge]], with a height of almost 140 feet (40 m) over the [[Harlem River]]. It is the oldest bridge in [[New York City]]. Designed by [[James Renwick Jr.]], who later went on to design [[St. Patrick's Cathedral]]. It was part of the [[Croton Aqueduct]], which carried water from the [[Croton River]] to supply the city. It originally had the appearance of a [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] aqueduct, but in the [[1920s]], a [[steel]] arch about 450 feet (135 m), was added to replace the several [[stone]] arches, that spaned the river. The bridge was started in [[1837]], and completed in [[1848]]. It has a length of well over 2,000 feet (600 m).

[[Image:Ill10.jpg|thumb|250px|High Bridge soon after completion. The left side arches were replaced with one large arch to ease navigation]]

The bridge has been closed to all traffic since [[1960]], after someone threw a rock and injured passengers on a boat passing underneath. Since that time the bridge has fallen into disrepair. There has been much discussion to restoring it as a pedestrian and bicycle crossing

==External link==
*[http://www.transalt.org/press/testimony/041214greenways.html Article about restoration plans]

[[Category:New York City]]

Astor Row

2005-05-31T01:39:26Z

Modster: +Category:Buildings in New York City

'''Astor Row''' is the name given to 130th Street between [[Fifth Avenue]] and Lenox in [[Harlem]], [[New York City]], [[United States|USA]]. More specifically, it refers to the semi-attached row houses on the south side of the street. These were among the first speculative [[townhouse]]s built in Harlem, and they are very unusual.

[[Image:Astor_row.jpg|thumb|315px|Astor Row in the snow, February 2005]]

The entire row was designed by architect [[Charles Buek]] and built between [[1881]] and [[1883]]. They are set back from the street and all have front yards, an oddity in New York, and they all have wooden porches. The effect is very southern, and the houses look as though they might have been airlifted in from [[Savannah, Georgia]].

The houses were not maintained as Harlem decayed from 1930 - 1990, and the porches were gradually lost. In 1981, New York City declared the entire row to be landmarks and raised funds to restore their facades. In the [[1990s]], the porches and other decorative elements were restored to almost all the buildings on the block.

Today, Astor Row is one of the stellar architectural landmarks in Harlem. It is located near to [[Sylvia's soul food]], the [[Mt. Moriah Baptist Church]], the former home of [[Langston Hughes]], and other sites of interest to visitors.

[[Category:Buildings in New York City]]

Pontcysyllte-Aquädukt

2005-05-28T13:20:55Z

Modster: Category:Aqueducts

[[Image:WalesC0047.JPG|thumbnail|the Aqueduct, view from the ground]]
The '''Pontcysyllte Aqueduct''' is an [[aqueduct]] which carries the [[Llangollen Canal]] over the valley of the River Dee, east of [[Llangollen]] in north [[Wales]].

The aqueduct is 1007 feet long, 11 feet wide, and 5 feet 3 inches deep. It is constructed of cast iron troughs mounted on 19 masonry arches and carries the canal 126 feet above the river (up to the ironwork).

Part of what was originally called the [[Ellesmere Canal]], it was one of the first major feats of [[civil engineering]] undertaken by leading [[civil engineer]] [[Thomas Telford]] (supervised by the more experienced canal engineer [[William Jessop]]). The iron was supplied by Wiliam Hazeldine from his foundries at [[Shrewsbury]] and nearby [[Cefn Mawr]]. It was opened on [[26 November]] [[1805]], having taken around ten years to design and construct at a total cost of [[Pound_sterling|£]]47,000.
[[Image:WalesC0171.JPG|thumbnail|the Aqueduct, view from a narrowboat]]

There are no railings on the canal side, just the edge of the trough and a sheer drop.

==See Also==
*[[Canals of the United Kingdom]]

[[Category:Aqueducts]]
[[Category:Denbighshire]]

Sozialgeschichte des Klaviers

2005-04-28T21:41:49Z

Modster: Category:Piano

This '''[[social history]]''' article treats the role of the '''[[piano]]''' in the [[home]], from its invention in the early [[18th century]] to the present day.

[[Image:Piano keyboard.JPG|right|thumb|]]

Throughout the [[18th century|18th]] and early [[19th century|19th centuries]], pianos were financially beyond the reach of most families, and the pianos of those times were generally the property of the [[gentry]] and the [[aristocracy]]. Visiting music masters taught their children, more often the girls than the boys, to play the piano. It was widely felt at the time that ability to play the piano made young women more marriageable.

Women who had learned to play as children often continued to play as adults, thus providing music in their households. For instance, [[Emma Wedgwood]] (1808-1896), the granddaughter of the wealthy industrialist [[Josiah Wedgwood]] took piano lessons from none other than [[Frédéric Chopin]], and apparently achieved a fair level of proficiency. Following her marriage to [[Charles Darwin]], Emma still played the piano daily, while her husband listened appreciatively.

A number of female piano students became outright ''virtuose'', and the skills of woman pianists inspired the work of [[Haydn]], [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Mozart]], and [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]], who dedicated difficult-to-play works to their woman friends. However, careers as concert musicians were typically open only to men (an important exception was [[Clara Schumann]]).

Over the course of the 19th and [[20th century|20th centuries]], the middle class of [[Europe]] and [[North America]] increased in both numbers and prosperity. This increase produced a corresponding rise in the domestic importance of the piano, as ever more families became able to afford pianos and piano instruction. The piano also become common in public institutions, such as schools, hotels, and [[public houses]]. As elements of the Western middle class lifestyle gradually spread to other nations, the piano became common in these nations as well, for example in [[Japan]].

To understand the rise of the piano among the middle class, it is helpful to remember that before mechanical and electronic reproduction, music was in fact performed on a daily basis by ordinary people. For instance, the working people of every nation generated a body of [[folk music]], which was transmitted orally down through the generations and sung by all. The parents of [[Joseph Haydn]] (1732-1809) could not read music, yet Haydn's father (who worked as a wheelwright) taught himself to play the [[harp]], and the Haydn family frequently played and sang together. With rising prosperity, the many families that could now afford pianos and music adapted their home-grown musical abilities to the new instrument, and the piano become a major source of music in the home.

Amateur pianists in the home often kept track of the doings of the leading pianists and composers of their day. Professional virtuosi wrote books and methods for the study of piano playing, which sold widely. The virtuosi also prepared their own editions of classical works, which included detailed marks of tempo and expression to guide the amateur who wanted to use their playing as a model. (Today, students are usually encouraged to work from an [[urtext edition]].) The piano compositions of the great composers often sold well among amateurs, despite the fact that, starting with [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]], they were often far too hard for anyone but a trained virtuoso to play perfectly. Evidently, the amateur pianists obtained satisfaction from coming to grips with the finest music, even if they could not perform it from start to finish.

A favorite form of musical recreation in the home was playing works for four-hand piano, in which the two players sit side by side at a single piano. Sometimes members of the household would sing or play other instruments along with the piano.

Parents whose children showed unusual talent often pushed them toward professional careers, sometimes making great sacrifices to make this possible. [[Artur Schnabel]]'s book ''My Life and Music'' (reprinted 1988; Mineola, NY: Dover) vividly depicts his own experience along this lines, which took place in the [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]] in the late 19th century.

The piano's status in the home remained secure until technology made possible the enjoyment of music in passive form. First the [[player piano]] (ca. [[1900]]), then the home [[phonograph]] (which became common in the decade before [[World War I]]), then the [[radio]] (in the [[1920s]]) dealt severe blows to amateur piano-playing as a form of domestic recreation. During the [[Great Depression]] of the [[1930s]], piano sales dropped sharply, and many manufacturers went out of business.

Another blow to the piano was the widespread acceptance in the late 20th century of the [[electronic keyboard]]. This instrument, in its cheaper forms, is widely considered to provide only a poor substitute for the tonal quality of a good piano (see [[piano]] for why), but it is much more flexible and in many ways better suited to the performance of [[popular music]].

Nevertheless, the piano survives to this day in many 21st century homes. The pianos being bought today tend to be of higher quality and more expensive than those of several decades ago, suggesting perhaps that domestic piano playing may have concentrated itself in homes of wealthier or better-educated members of the middle class. It is unlikely that ability to play the piano contributes much these days to the marriageability of daughters, but many parents still feel today that piano lessons teach their children concentration and self-discipline, and open a door into the world of [[classical music]].

== Reference ==
*''Piano roles : three hundred years of life with the piano'' by James Parakilas (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999) is a history of the piano and its role in society.

[[Category:Piano|History]]

Große Chinesische Hungersnot

2005-03-01T18:25:17Z

Modster: link

The '''Three Years of Natural Disasters''' (三年自然灾害/三年自然災害) refers to the period in the [[People's Republic of China]] between [[1959]] and [[1961]]. It was the last [[famine]] China had, after thousands of years of famines, including one during the [[1940s]], prior to [[Chinese Communist Party|Communist]] rule. Despite the name, it is generally openly acknowledged by most everyone, including people within the [[Communist Party of China]], that the root of the disaster was poor economic planning rather than natural causes, and hence this name is rarely used in China to describe the period.

== Background ==
During the [[Great Leap Forward]], farming was [[collectivization|collectivized]] and organized into [[commune]]s.

== Outcome ==
By analyzing population data, Western analysts such as [[Patricia Buckley Ebrey]] estimate that about 20-40 million people had died of starvation caused by bad government policy and natural disasters.

== Politics ==

See also: [[Great Leap Forward]] ([[1958]]-[[1960]])

[[Category:Famines]]
[[Category:History of China]]
[[Category:1959]]
[[Category:1960]]
[[Category:1961]]

Patrick Bateman

2005-02-05T02:09:09Z

Modster: links

'''Patrick Bateman''' is a [[fictional character]], the protagonist of the novel ''[[American Psycho]]'' by [[Bret Easton Ellis]]. Bateman works at the Wall Street firm of Pierce & Pierce (also Sherman McCoy's firm in ''Bonfire of the Vanities'') and lives on the [[Upper West Side]] in the American Gardens Building (where [[Tom Cruise]] also lives). At first appearance, Bateman is a handsome, well-groomed, and intelligent young man. However, he is also a serial killer who murders a variety of people, from a colleague to a pair of prostitutes. His methods of killing are described in graphic detail in the novel.

Bateman comes from a wealthy family. His younger brother is Sean. He graduated from Harvard in 1984.

When not nightclubbing or eating at trendy restaurants, Bateman watches ''The Patty Winters Show'' or listens to music, usually pop and pop-rock. His favorite musical group is [[Talking Heads]], but Bateman discusses at length [[Genesis (band)|Genesis]], [[Huey Lewis & the News]], and [[Whitney Houston]]. He also listens to [[jazz]] (Dizzy Gillespie and Bix Beiderbecke) but loathes [[rap music|rap]].

Bateman made his first appearance in Ellis's episodic 1987 novel ''[[The Rules of Attraction]]''. No indication that he is a killer is given. Bateman also appears in Ellis's 1998 novel ''[[Glamorama]]''.

==Bateman in Film==
The best-known portrayal of Bateman is [[Christian Bale]]'s in [[Mary Harron]]'s 2000 film adaptation. However, Bateman was also portrayed by Dechen Thurman (brother of Uma) in the 2000 documentary ''This Is Not an Exit: The Fictional World of Bret Easton Ellis''. In the 2002 movie adaptation of ''The Rules of Attraction'', James Van Der Beek played Sean Bateman, Patrick's brother. Michael Kremko played Bateman in the opening scene of ''[[American Psycho 2|American Psycho 2: All American Girl]]'', the 2002 direct-to-video sequel of ''American Psycho''. In AP2, Bateman was promptly killed by the young girl who witnessed his murder of her babysitter, who took her along to his apartment in an attempt to apprehend him.

==Chronology of Bateman's Life==
ca. 1962: Patrick Bateman born (deduced from a passage in ''American Psycho'' where Patrick tells the detective Donald Kimball that he and Paul Owen were both seven in 1969).

1984: Patrick is graduated from Harvard University.

ca. 1996: Bateman shows up at Victor's club in ''[[Glamorama]]''.

ca. 1996: Bateman is killed (only in ''American Psycho 2''), deduced from the following. The movie is set in the present (i.e., 2001/2002) and has as its protagonist an eighteen-year-old student whose killing of Bateman when she was twelve forever changes her life. This may not be considered [[canon (fiction)|canon]].

2000: E-mails

[[Category:Fictional serial killers|Bateman, Patrick]]

Marblehead (Massachusetts)

2005-01-30T02:17:23Z

Modster: /* History */

'''Marblehead''', founded in [[1629]], is a town located in [[Essex County, Massachusetts]]. As of the [[2000]] census, the town had a total population of 20,377.

== History ==
Marblehead was first settled in [[1629]] and was officially incorporated in [[1649]]. The town originated as a fishing village that grew up from the water's edge. The bounty of the ocean filled the shoreline with smell of fish drying and waiting to be exported abroad and to the neighboring port of [[Salem, Massachusetts|Salem]]. The town hit an early economic peak just prior to the American Revolution, as locally financed privateering vessels pirated the seas for the bounty of large European vessels. A very large percentage of the towns became involved very early on in the fight for American freedom, and the salty sailors of Marblehead, under General [[John Glover]] are recognized as the beginnings of the American Navy. The first vessel commissioned for the navy, the Hannah, was equipped with all cannons, rope, provision (including the "Joe Frogger" molasses/sea water cookie) and men all from Marblehead. However, the many men of Marblehead that set out to war did not return and so, by the revolution's end, the town had lost a substantial portion of their population and the economy with it. Since then the town had a short-term industrial boom as shoe-making factories and yachting brought new life to the town by the late 1800s. This began the most recent epoch for Marblehead, as the legacy of sailing and yacht-clubs have overcome the fisherman/lobsterman image of the town to remake the town into what it is today. Among its notable residents are General [[John Glover]], who carried Washington across the Delaware, [[Elbridge Gerry]], infamous for political gerrymandering and an early US vice-president, [[Joseph Story]], and most recently the cyclist [[Tyler Hamilton]].

== Geography ==
Marblehead is located at 42°29'49" North, 70°51'47" West (42.497146, -70.863236){{GR|1}}.

The geographic location of the town is one of the things that makes it so unique. The town is comprised of a rocky penninsula that extends into the Atlantic Ocean with a neck of land that is connected to the main town by a sand bar. This ring of land forms the outline of Marblehead's famous sheltered deep harbor.

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of 50.8 [[square kilometer|km²]] (19.6 [[square mile|mi²]]). 11.7 km² (4.5 mi²) of it is land and 39.1 km² (15.1 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 76.92% water.

== Demographics ==
The town is overwhelmingly white. This is reflected in the most recent US census.

As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of [[2000]], there are 20,377 people, 8,541 households, and 5,679 families residing in the town. The [[population density]] is 1,736.8/km² (4,498.9/mi²). There are 8,906 housing units at an average density of 759.1/km² (1,966.3/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 97.56% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.44% [[African American (U.S. Census)|Black]] or [[Race (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.08% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.98% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.03% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.19% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 0.73% from two or more races. Only 0.88% of the population are [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race.

There are 8,541 households out of which 31.2% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.5% are [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.0% have a female householder with no husband present, and 33.5% are non-families. 28.7% of all households are made up of individuals and 10.7% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.37 and the average family size is 2.94.

In the town the population is spread out with 23.9% under the age of 18, 3.5% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 29.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 42 years. For every 100 females there are 89.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 84.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town is $73,968, and the median income for a family is $99,892. Males have a median income of $70,470 versus $44,988 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town is $46,738. 4.3% of the population and 3.2% of families are below the [[poverty line]]. Out of the total population, 5.7% of those under the age of 18 and 4.6% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

== External links ==
*[http://www.marblehead.com/ www.marblehead.com]
*[http://www.marbleheadreporter.com/ www.marbleheadreporter.com]
{{Mapit-US-cityscale|42.497146|-70.863236}}

[[Category:Towns in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Essex County, Massachusetts]]

Parkway

2005-01-22T15:58:11Z

Modster: Category:Road transport

:''For other uses, see [[Parkway (disambiguation)]].''
A '''parkway''' is a general designation of a type of limited-access [[highway]] in the [[United States|US]]. Like all limited-access highways, parkways are designed particularly for through traffic, and many can be classified generally as [[freeway]]s or [[toll]] highways.

Historically, the term "parkway" has often implied that the road was designed specifically with a naturalistic or manicured [[landscape architecture|landscaping]] of the median and adjacent land areas meant to suggest a [[Arcadia|pastoral]] driving experience, isolated from the manifestations of commerce and advertising, even when the road passes through populated areas. Many parkways have signature road signs with special emblems that suggest a thematic driving experience and increase the sense of isolation from civilization in the vicinity of the road.

==History of Parkways==
The system of parkways predate such later limited-access highways as the [[Pennsylvania Turnpike]], the [[Germany|German]] [[autobahn]] system, and the [[United States]] [[Interstate highway]] system. The first of these parkways were in and around the greater [[New York City]] area. Construction on the [[Bronx River Parkway]] began in [[1907]], and on the [[Long Island Motor Parkway|Long Island Parkway]] (also known as the '''Vanderbilt Parkway''') in [[1908]]. In the [[1920s]], the parkway system around New York City grew extensively under the direction of master builder [[Robert Moses]], who saw parkways as a active means to promote automobile use and to transfer population from crowded urban areas onto undeveloped areas on [[Long Island]].

In the [[1930s]], the concept of the parkway was extended to the federal government, which constructed several [[national parkway]]s designed for recreational driving and to commemorate historic routes. Such two-lane parkways typically have a relatively low [[speed limit]] and are maintained by the [[National Park Service]]. Examples include the [[Civilian Conservation Corps|CCC]]-built [[Blue Ridge Parkway]] / [[Skyline Drive]] in [[North Carolina]] and [[Virginia]], and the [[Natchez Trace Parkway]] in [[Mississippi]], [[Alabama]], and [[Tennessee]].

In [[Kentucky]], "parkway" is used to designate a [[controlled-access highway]] built as a [[toll road]]. Many Kentucky parkways became freeways after the bonds that financed their construction were paid off, but retained their "Parkway" designations. In the [[Greater New York City]] region, parkways are generally (but not always) controlled-access highways restricted to non-commercial traffic.

A recurring bit of humor about the name parkway has had some fun poked at it, as it is ironic that one would park on a [[driveway]], and instead drive on a parkway.

== List of Parkways ==
===National Parkways===
*[[Blue Ridge Parkway]]
*[[Natchez Trace Parkway]]
*[[George Washington Memorial Parkway, Virginia]]
*[[Clara Barton Parkway, Virginia, Maryland]]

===Freeways and Toll Roads===
*[[Audubon Parkway]] ([[Kentucky]])
*[[Baltimore-Washington Parkway]] ([[Maryland]])
*[[Bert T. Combs Mountain Parkway]] ([[Kentucky]])
*[[Bronx River Parkway]] ([[New York]])
*[[Cross-County Parkway]] ([[New York]])
*[[Edward T. Breathitt Parkway]] ([[Kentucky]])
*[[Garden State Parkway]] ([[New Jersey]])
*[[Hal Rogers Parkway]] ([[Kentucky]])
*[[Henry Hudson Parkway]] ([[New York]])
*[[Hutchinson River Parkway]] ([[New York]])
*[[Julian M. Carroll Purchase Parkway]] ([[Kentucky]])
*[[Long Island Parkway]] ([[New York]])
*[[Louie B. Nunn Parkway]] ([[Kentucky]])
*[[Martha Layne Collins Blue Grass Parkway]] ([[Kentucky]])
*[[Merritt Parkway]] ([[Connecticut]])
*[[Wilbur Cross Parkway]] ([[Connecticut]])
*[[Palisades Interstate Parkway]] ([[New Jersey]]/[[New York]])
*[[Saw Mill River Parkway]] ([[New York]])
*[[Sprain Brook Parkway]] ([[New York]])
*[[Taconic State Parkway]] ([[New York]])
*[[Wendell H. Ford Western Kentucky Parkway]] ([[Kentucky]])
*[[William H. Natcher Parkway]] ([[Kentucky]])

== External Links ==
* [http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a2_080.html Why do we drive on the parkway and park on the driveway?] (from [[The Straight Dope]])
* [http://www.nycroads.com/history/motor/ Long Island Vanderbilt Parkway]
* [http://www.nycroads.com/roads/bronx-river/ Bronx River Parkway]
* [http://www.trumbullhistory.org/merrittpkwy/ Merritt Parkway]
* [http://www.nps.gov/blri Blue Ridge Parkway]
* [http://www.nps.gov/natr Natchez Trace Parkway]

==See also==
* [[Highway]]
* [[Freeway]]
* [[National Scenic Byway]]

[[Category:Road transport]]

General Grant National Memorial

2004-12-26T22:41:34Z

Modster:

[[Image:GrantsTomb.jpeg|right|frame|Grant's Tomb, circa 1909]]

[[Image:GrantsTomb2004.JPG|thumb|275px|Grant's Tomb, 2004]]

'''Grant's Tomb''' is a [[mausoleum]] containing the bodies of [[Ulysses S. Grant]] ([[1822]]-[[1885]]), an [[American Civil War]] General and the 18th [[President of the United States|President]] of the [[United States]], and his wife, [[Julia Dent Grant]] ([[1826]]-[[1902]]). The tomb complex is now officially known as the '''General Grant National Memorial''' and is located in [[Riverside Park]] in [[Manhattan]], [[New York, New York]], near the intersection of [[Riverside Drive, Manhattan|Riverside Drive]] and 122nd Street.

Designed by architect [[John Duncan]], the granite and marble structure was completed in [[1897]] and at the time was the largest [[mausoleum]] in North America. Duncan took as his general model the ''original'' mausoleum, the [[Mausoleum of Halicarnassus|tomb of Mausolus at Halicarnassus]], one of the [[Seven Wonders of the World|seven wonders of the world]]. A huge public subscription paid for it. Over a million people had attended Grant's funeral parade, held in [[1885]] and which was seven miles (11 km) long and featured Confederate and Union generals riding together in open victorias, U.S. President [[Grover Cleveland]], his cabinet, all the Justices of the Supreme Court, and virtually the entire Congress. The parade for the dedication ceremony of the tomb, held [[April 27]], [[1897]], the 75th anniversary of Grant's birth, was almost as large and was headed by President [[William McKinley]].

[[Walt Whitman]] (1819-1892) wrote:

:"As one by one withdraw the lofty actors
:From that great play on history's stage eterne
:That lurid, partial act of War and peace -- of old and new contending,
:Fought out through wrath, fears, dark dismays, and many a long suspense;
:All past -- and since, in countless graves receding, mellowing,
:Victors and vanquish'd -- Lincoln's and Lee's -- now thou with them,
:Man of the mighty days -- and equal to the days!
:Thou from the prairies! -- tangled and many-vein'd and hard has been thy part,
:To admiration has it been enacted!"

Duncan's over-ambitious original design, chosen by the Grant Monument Association, included monumental staircases leading down through terraced gardens to a dock on the river, bridging the Hudson Line railroad tracks and providing public access to the shoreline, was scaled back, and the monument itself was reduced in size. The domed space, with commemorative mosaic murals and sculpture, and a large central oculus revealing on the lower level the twin porphyry catafalques of the General's and Mrs Grant's, are quite spectacular examples of purely symbolic [[Beaux-Arts]] civic triumphalism. The conception may have been drawn from the catafalque of Napoleon at [[Les Invalides]].

In the late 20th century, the tomb was allowed to decline to a state of severe disrepair, and was considered by many to be an eyesore and a desecration. In the 1990s, after a paper by a [[Columbia University]] student was released to the news media and Grant's descendants threatened to remove the remains and have them buried elsewhere, the [[National Park Service]] was embarrassed into spending $1.8 million to restore the memorial and to provide for upkeep. When the work was complete, a re-dedication was held on the dedication's centennial, [[April 27]], [[1997]].

A riddle relating to Grant's Tomb, popularized by [[Groucho Marx]], is "Who is buried in Grant's Tomb?". The traditional answer is, "Nobody." The occupants are entombed, not buried.

== External links ==
* [http://www.nps.gov/gegr/ General Grant National Memorial]
* [http://www.grantstomb.org/ Grant's Tomb Association]
* [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/grant/peopleevents/e_funeral.html Grant's funeral and the mausoleum]
* [http://hometown.aol.com/gordonkwok/grant_tomb.html More detail, on the occasion of the centennial re-dedication]

[[Category:U.S. National Memorials]]
[[Category:Mausoleums]]
[[Category:New York City landmarks]]
[[Category:Manhattan]]

Mulberry Street (Manhattan)

2004-12-15T01:05:33Z

Modster:

In [[Manhattan]], '''Mulberry Street''' is the [[street]] along which [[New York City|New York]]'s shrinking [[Little Italy]] is centered. (A larger Little Italy survives in [[The Bronx]].) During the [[Feast of San Gennaro]], the entire street is blocked off to vehicular [[traffic]] and [[pedestrian]]s can roam free.

{{stub}}

[[Category:Streets in Manhattan]]

Canal Street (Manhattan)

2004-12-07T23:45:25Z

Modster:

'''Canal Street''' is a major street in [[New York City]], crossing [[lower Manhattan|lower]] [[Manhattan]] to join [[New Jersey]] in the west (via the [[Holland Tunnel]]) to [[Brooklyn]] in the east (via the [[Manhattan Bridge]]). It forms the main spine of [[Chinatown, Manhattan|Chinatown]], and separates it from where it meets [[Little Italy, Manhattan|Little Italy]]. It also forms the northern boundary of the [[Tribeca]] [[neighborhood]] and the southern boundary of [[SoHo]].

Canal Street gained its name from a literal [[canal]] that was dug in the early [[1800s]] to drain the contaminated and disease-ridden [[Collect Pond, Manhattan|Collect Pond]] into the [[Hudson River]]. The pond was filled in in [[1811]], and Canal Street was completed in [[1820]] along the angled path the canal had followed. The elimination of Collect Pond actually made the surrounding land even marshier, as the area had many natural springs that now had nowhere to drain. The historic [[townhouse]]s and newer [[tenement]]s that had been built along Canal Street fell into disrepair, and the eastern stretch of Canal Street came within the ambit of the notorious [[Five Points, Manhattan|Five Points]] slum that emerged as property values and living conditions plummeted.

Today, Canal Street is a ramshackle but bustling commercial district, crowded with low-rent open storefronts and street vendors. Tourists as well as locals pack the Canal Street sidewalks every day to frequent the open-air food stalls and bare-bones stores selling items such as perfume, purses, hardware, and industrial plastics at very low prices. Most of these goods are [[grey market]] imports and many notoriously [[counterfeit]], with fake [[trademark]]ed [[brand name]]s on electronics, clothing and personal accessories (including the fake [[Rolex]] watches that have become a Manhattan cliché). [[copyright infringement|Pirated]] [[CD]]s and [[DVD]]s are also very common, offered for sale on the Canal Street sidewalks in makeshift stands and suitcases or simply laid out on bedsheets, often before they are even officially released in stores or the theater. Widespread sale of these counterfeit goods persists along Canal Street despite frequent [[New York City Police Department|police]] raids.

A similar market operates in [[Camden Town]], [[London]].

[[Category:Streets in Manhattan]]

Under a Killing Moon

2004-11-13T01:34:41Z

Modster: Category:DOS games

[[Image:Under_a_Killing_Moon_FrontBox.jpg|thumb|Under a Killing Moon - Front side of original box]]'''''Under a Killing Moon''''' is a game created in 1994 by a team called [[Access_Software|Access Software]]. It was build as an interactive-movie (like [[Mad_Dog|''Mad Dog McRee'']] series), and set in futuristic post-nuclear world. As a private investigator, Tex Murphy, living in old part of San Francisco inhabited by mutants, you explore the devastated world and reveal its secrets. You could meet famous and well-known actors, like [[Margot_Kidder|Margot Kidder]], [[Brian_Keith|Brian Keith]] or [[Russell_Means|Russell Means]] ingame. ''Under a Killing Moon'' was a very big hit, and received many positive reviews in biggest computer game magazines around the world. The gameplay included rooms and areas exploration, dialogues, movies, and various puzzles. Released on 4 CDs (2.3 gigabytes of data), the game was playable on a 386 DX-25Mhz with 4Mb RAM and a SVGA card.

==External links==

*[http://www.microsoft.com/games/texmurphy/underakillingmoon/ Microsoft's Under a Killing Moon website]
*[http://www.justadventure.com/reviews/UAKM/UAKM_review.shtm Under a Killing Moon review]

[[Category:Computer and video games]]
[[Category:DOS games]]

Newtown AFC

2004-10-02T12:08:42Z

Modster:

'''Newtown F.C.''' is a [[football (soccer)|football]] team, playing in the [[League of Wales]].

The club was founded in [[1875]] as Newtown White Stars, and as such is one of the oldest teams in Wales. White Stars, which appeared in the first ever [[Welsh Cup]] match on [[13 October]] [[1877]], is believed to have merged with Newtown Excelsior to form the current Newtown F.C. in time to be Welsh Cup finalists in 1885 and 1888. The club plays at Latham Park, [[Newtown, Powys]], which accommodates 5000 spectators (650 seated).

:The teams' first choice strip is red shirts, shorts, and socks.
:The second choice strip is yellow shirts, blue shorts, and yellow socks.

==History==
Newtown White Stars won the Welsh Cup in 1879 and were losing finalists in 1881. Newtown F.C. won the cup again in 1895, but this was the last national trophy won for sixty years, until the Welsh Amateur Cup was won in 1955. The first match was played at what is now Latham Park in 1951, and the ground has been brought up to a standard which makes it eligible to stage [[UEFA]] Youth Internationals and recently [[UEFA Cup]] matches.

For most of the years since the 1920s the club operated in the ''Mid-Wales League'', or the ''Central Wales League'' as it was sometimes known, winning the championship in 1975-76, 1978-79, 1981-82, 1986-87 and 1987-88 -- on the strength of this record, the club gained entry to the English league system in the HFS Loans (Northern Premier) League. In 1992 the club became rather reluctant founder members of the League of Wales, since when it has finished as runners-up in the league in 1995-96 and 1997-98, and played European ties against teams from Latvia and Poland.
==Biggest victories and losses==
*Biggest League of Wales win: 11-1 v [[Cemaes Bay F.C.|Cemaes Bay FC]] in 1998.
*Biggest League of Wales defeat: 1-6 at [[Aberystwyth Town F.C.|Aberystwyth Town]] and 1-6 at [[Briton Ferry Athletic F.C.|Briton Ferry Athletic]], both in 1992.

==External Link==
[http://www.newtownafc.co.uk/ Official website]
[[Category:Welsh football clubs]]

Henry Tazewell

2004-09-27T23:30:30Z

Modster:

[[Image:Henrytazewell.jpg|right]]

'''Henry Tazewell''' ([[November 27]], [[1753]]–[[January 24]], [[1799]]) was a [[United States of America|U.S.]] [[political figure]]. He was born in [[Brunswick County, Virginia|Brunswick County]], [[Virginia]]. He served as the [[President pro tempore of the United States Senate|president pro tempore]] of the [[United States Senate]] in [[1795]]. He was the father of [[Littleton Tazewell]]. He graduated from the [[College of William and Mary]] at [[Williamsburg, Virginia]] in [[1770]] where he had studied law. He raised and was commissioned captain of a troop of cavalry in the [[Revolutionary War]]. He was delegate to the State constitutional convention of [[1775]] and [[1776]]. In [[1778]]-[[1785]] he was member of [[General Assembly]]. In [[1785]]-[[1793]] he was judge of the [[State supreme court]]. In [[1789]]-[[1793]] he was chief justice. He was judge of the high court of appeals in 1793. In [[1794]] he was elected in to the [[United States Senate]] to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of [[John Taylor]], in [[1798]] he was releected, and served from December 29, [[1794]], until his death. He died in [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]] and is interred in Christ Church Cemetery.

{{stub}}

General Grant National Memorial

2004-09-11T23:43:00Z

Modster: +Category:Manhattan

[[Image:GrantsTomb.jpeg|right|frame|Photo c. 1909]]
'''Grant's Tomb''' is a [[mausoleum]] containing the bodies of [[Ulysses S. Grant]] ([[1822]]-[[1885]]), an [[American Civil War]] General and the 18th [[President of the United States|President]] of the [[United States]], and his wife, [[Julia Dent Grant]] ([[1826]]-[[1902]]). The tomb complex is now officially known as the '''General Grant National Memorial''' and is located in [[Riverside Park]] in [[New York, New York]], near the intersection of [[Riverside Drive]] and 122nd St.

Designed by architect [[John Duncan]], the granite and marble structure was completed in [[1897]] and at the time was the largest [[mausoleum]] in North America. Duncan took as his general model the ''original'' mausoleum, the [[Mausoleum of Halicarnassus|tomb of Mausolus at Halicarnassus]], one of the [[Seven Wonders of the World|seven wonders of the world]]. A huge public subscription paid for it. Over a million people had attended Grant's funeral parade, held in [[1885]] and which was seven miles long and featured Confederate and Union generals riding together in open victorias, U.S. President [[Grover Cleveland]], his cabinet, all the Justices of the Supreme Court, and virtually the entire Congress. The parade for the dedication ceremony of the tomb, held [[April 27]], [[1897]], the 75th anniversary of Grant's birth, was almost as large and was headed by President [[William McKinley]].

[[Walt Whitman]] (1819-1892) wrote:

:"As one by one withdraw the lofty actors
:From that great play on history's stage eterne
:That lurid, partial act of War and peace -- of old and new contending,
:Fought out through wrath, fears, dark dismays, and many a long suspense;
:All past -- and since, in countless graves receding, mellowing,
:Victors and vanquish'd -- Lincoln's and Lee's -- now thou with them,
:Man of the mighty days -- and equal to the days!
:Thou from the prairies! -- tangled and many-vein'd and hard has been thy part,
:To admiration has it been enacted!"

Duncan's over-ambitious original design, chosen by the Grant Monument Association, included monumental staircases leading down through terraced gardens to a dock on the river, bridging the Hudson Line railroad tracks and providing public access to the shoreline, was scaled back, and the monument itself was reduced in size. The domed space, with commemorative mosaic murals and sculpture, and a large central oculus revealing on the lower level the twin porphyry catafalques of the General's and Mrs Grant's, are quite spectacular examples of purely symbolic [[Beaux-Arts]] civic triumphalism. The conception may have been drawn from the catafalque of Napoleon at [[Les Invalides]].

In the late 20th century, the tomb was allowed to decline to a state of severe disrepair, and was considered by many to be an eyesore and a desecration. In the 1990s, after a paper by a [[Columbia University]] student was released to the news media and Grant's descendants threatened to remove the remains and have them buried elsewhere, the [[National Park Service]] was embarrassed into spending $1.8 million to restore the memorial and to provide for upkeep. When the work was complete, a re-dedication was held on the dedication's centennial, [[April 27]], [[1997]].

A riddle relating to Grant's Tomb, popularized by [[Groucho Marx]], is "Who is buried in Grant's Tomb?". The traditional answer is, "Nobody." The occupants are entombed, not buried.

== External links ==
* [http://www.nps.gov/gegr/ General Grant National Memorial]
* [http://www.grantstomb.org/ Grant's Tomb Association]
* [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/grant/peopleevents/e_funeral.html Grant's funeral and the mausoleum]
* [http://hometown.aol.com/gordonkwok/grant_tomb.html More detail, on the occasion of the centennial re-dedication]

[[Category:Manhattan]]
[[Category:U.S. National Memorials]]

23rd Street (Manhattan)

2004-09-03T11:22:59Z

Modster: Category:Streets in Manhattan

{{vfd}}
'''23rd Street''' runs from river to river across [[Manhattan]]. As with New York's other streets, '''West 23rd Street''' stretches west of [[Fifth Avenue]]—here, [[Madison Square Park]]—and '''East 23rd Street''' runs to the [[east]].

In the late [[19th century]], the western part of 23rd Street was to American theater what [[Broadway]] is today.

==West 23rd Street==

West 23rd Street carves through the heart of [[Chelsea, Manhattan|Chelsea]].

In the late [[19th century]] West 23rd Street was the center of [[American]] [[theate]]r, with the [[Opera House Palace]] and [[Pike's Opera House]] one block away and [[Proctor's Theater]] ("continuous daily vaudeville") across the street from the [[Hotel Chelsea]]. 23rd Street remained New York's main theater strip until [[The Empire]] opened on [[Broadway]] some twenty blocks uptown, ushering in a new era of theater.

The [[Hotel Chelsea]], [[New York City|New York]]'s first [[co-op]] [[apartment]] complex, was built here in [[1884]]; it was New York's tallest building until [[1902]].

==East 23rd Street==

Opposite [[Madison Square Park]] on East 23rd Street are two [[skyscraper]]s originally built by the [[Metropolitan Life Insurance Company]] (MetLife). [[11 Madison Avenue, Manhattan|11 Madison Avenue]] was intended to be the base of a much taller skyscraper, but the onset of the [[Great Depression|Depression]] forced MetLife to scale back its plans. Even so, the building stands today as an [[Art Deco]] masterpiece.

This street was also witness to New York's deadliest fire in terms of firefighters killed until [[September 11]]. The “23rd Street Fire,” as it came to be called, began in a cellar at 7 East 22nd Street and soon spread to the basement of 6 East 23rd Street, a five-story commercial building that housed a drugstore at street level.

''to be completed after Monday, September 6... please help out if you can!''

==External links==

* [http://www.hotelchelsea.com/history.html http://www.hotelchelsea.com/history.html] History of the Hotel Chelsea
* [http://www.nyfd.com/history/23rd_street/23rd_street.html The 23rd Street Fire]

{{stub}}

[[Category:Streets in Manhattan]]

Mulberry Street (Manhattan)

2004-09-02T16:52:47Z

Modster: Category:Streets in Manhattan

In [[Manhattan]], '''Mulberry Street''' is the [[street]] along which [[New York City|New York]]'s shrinking [[Little Italy]] is centered. At some times of the year, the entire street is blocked off to vehicular [[traffic]] and [[pedestrian]]s can roam [[free]] as [[Canada|Canadian]] [[bison]].

{{stub}}

[[Category:Streets in Manhattan]]

Roppongi Hills Mori Tower

2004-08-31T19:26:46Z

Modster: Category:Skyscrapers

Opened in [[2003]], '''Roppongi Hills''' is [[Tokyo]]'s newest skyscraper development. The 54-story Mori Tower is the centerpiece of the complex. Also contained on the grounds are luxury residences, [[TV Asahi]],[[J-WAVE]],[[Yahoo! Japan]],and the [[Grand Hyatt Tokyo]].

Near Subway's Roppongi station.

== External link ==
* [http://www.roppongihills.com/en/information/index.html Official Roppongi Hills website]

[[Category:Skyscrapers]]

[[ja:六本木ヒルズ]]

Ozone Park

2004-08-28T15:15:07Z

Modster:

'''Ozone Park''' is in the southwestern part of [[Queens]] bordering [[Woodhaven]], [[Richmond Hill]], [[Howard Beach]], and the borough of [[Brooklyn, New York|Brooklyn]]. The north border is Atlantic avenue, west border is Drew Street (City-Line), south border is South Conduit, and the east is 108th street. There are many bus routes that run through Ozone Park. The Q41 runs on Rockaway avenue, Q112 runs on Liberty Avenue which the [[A- Washington Heights - Fulton Street Express via 8th Avenue|A train]] also runs on the street as well, the Q8 which runs on 101st avenue, and the Q24 runs on Atlantic avenue. Ozone Park is known for as the hometown of famous people like [[Bernadette Peters]] and [[Cyndi Lauper]].

[[Category:Queens, NYC]]

Charles M. Schwab

2004-08-26T23:09:15Z

Modster:

'''Charles Michael Schwab''' ([[February 18]], [[1862]] in [[Williamsburg, Pennsylvania]] - [[October 18]], [[1939]] in [[London]], [[England]]) was an [[United States|American]] industrialist who became a multimillionaire in the [[steel]] industry but died bankrupt.

He started as a stake driver in [[Andrew Carnegie]]'s steelworks and in [[1897]] rose to become president of the [[Carnegie Steel Company]]. In [[1901]], he negotiated the secret buyout of Carnegie Steel by a group of [[New York City|New York]]-based [[financier]]s led by [[J.P. Morgan]]. After the buyout, Schwab became the first president of the [[U.S. Steel]] Corporation, the company formed out of Carnegie's former holdings. In [[1903]] he resigned to run the [[Bethlehem Steel Corporation|Bethlehem Steel Company]], which under his direction became the largest independent steel producer in the field.

Part of Bethlehem Steel's success was the development of the [[H-beam]], a precursor of today's ubiquitous [[I-beam]]. Charlie Schwab was interested in producing such a [[wideflange]] steel beam, a risky venture that required capitalization and new plant construction to make an unproven product.

"I've thought the whole thing over," Schwab told his secretary, "and if we are going bust, we will go bust big." It is his most famous remark.

In [[1908]], Bethlehem Steel began producing the beam, which revolutionized building construction and made possible the age of the [[skyscraper]]. Its success helped make Bethlehem Steel the second-largest steel company in the world. [[Bethlehem, Pennsylvania]] was incorporated, virtually as a [[company town]], by uniting four previous villages.

In [[1910]], Schwab broke the Bethlehem Steel strike by calling out the newly-formed Pennsylvania [[State Police]]. Schwab kept [[labor union]]s out of Bethlehem Steel, which was not organized until after his death, in [[1941]].

Schwab eventually moved to New York City, specifically the [[Upper West Side]], which at the time was considered the "wrong" side of [[Central Park]], and where he built "[[Riverside (house)|Riverside]]", the most ambitious private house ever built in New York. The house combined details from three [[France|French]] [[chateau]]x on a full city block. After Schwab's death, New York mayor [[Fiorello La Guardia]] turned down a proposal to make the mansion the official mayoral residence, considering it to be too grandiose. It was eventually torn down and replaced by a drab apartment block.

Schwab was considered to be a risk taker. He went broke in the [[Great Depression|stock market crash of 1929]], and died comparatively penniless ten years later. He was no relation to [[Charles R. Schwab]], founder of the Charles Schwab Corporation.

==External link==
*[http://www.bethlehempaonline.com/schwab_bio.html Schwab biography at the Bethlehem website]

==Further reading==

* Hessen, Robert, ''Steel titan: the life of Charles M. Schwab'', Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press (1990).
* James H. Bridge, ''The Inside History of the Carnegie Steel Company'' (1903)
* Ida M. Tarbell, ''The Life of Elbert H. Gary'' (1925)
* Arundel Cotter, ''The Story of Bethlehem Steel'' (1916) and ''United States Steel: A Corporation with a Soul'' (1921)
* Burton J. Hendrick, ''The Life of Andrew Carnegie'' (2 vols., 1932; new introduction, 1969)
* Stewart H. Holbrook, ''Age of the Moguls'' (1953)
* Joseph Frazier Wall, ''Andrew Carnegie'' (1970) and Louis M. Hacker, ''The World of Andrew Carnegie'' (1968).

James Lenox

2004-08-20T12:12:07Z

Modster: Category:People of New York

'''James Lenox''' ([[1800]] - [[1880]]) is an American [[bibliophile]] and [[philanthropist]], born in 1800 in [[New York City]]. Lenox was a founder of the [[Presbyterian Hospital]] in New York City. His collection of paintings and books eventually became known as the [[Lenox Library]] and later became part of the [[New York Public Library]] in [[1895]]. In [[1913]], the collection was moved to the central library. The [[Frick Collection]] stands on the library’s former [[Fifth Avenue]] site. Lenox died in 1880.

[[Category:People of New York]]

Henry Hudson Bridge

2004-06-08T22:50:53Z

Modster: Category:New York City bridges

The '''Henry Hudson Bridge''' is a [[toll bridge]] in [[New York, New York|New York City]]. It crosses the [[Harlem River]] between the [[Spuyten Duyvil]] section of [[The Bronx]] and the northern end of [[Manhattan]]. It has two roadway levels, carrying an aggregate of seven traffic lanes, the lower level having been opened to traffic in [[1936]] and the upper level in [[1938]]. The bridge is part of the [[Henry Hudson Parkway]].

As of [[May 18]], [[2003]], the crossing charge for a two-axle passenger vehicle is $2 charged in each direction, with a $.50 discount for [[E-ZPass]] users.

The bridge is owned by the [[New York, New York|City of New York]] and operated by the [[Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority]], an affiliate agency of the [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority (New York)]].

[[Category:New York City bridges]]

GJ 1061

2004-05-31T20:13:09Z

Modster: Category:Stars

'''GJ 1061''' is a [[star]] approximately 12.08 [[light-year]]s from [[Earth]]'s [[Solar System]].

==Some facts about GJ 1061==

* [[Parallax]]: 0.27 arcsecs
* [[Spectral type]]: M5.5 V
* [[Radial velocity]]: -20 km/s
* [[Proper Motion]]: 0.836 arcsecs/year
* [[Apparent Visual Magnitude]]: 13.03
* [[Absolute Visual Magnitude]]: 15.2
* [[Luminosity]]: 1.0e-3 Solar Luminosities

''See also:''
* [[List of nearest stars]]
* [[Space]]

[[Category:Stars]]

Fairlie (Neuseeland)

2004-05-19T23:00:33Z

Modster: Canterbury

[[Fairlie, New Zealand|Fairlie]] is a town in the [[Canterbury, New Zealand|Canterbury]] region of the [[South Island]] of [[New Zealand]].

It is commonly known as the gateway to the [[Mackenzie Country]]. It was first known as ''Fairlie's Creek'' and supposedly named because it reminded early settlers of Fairlie in Scotland.

==See also==
*[[Regions of New Zealand]]
*[[List of towns in New Zealand]]

Mentmore Towers

2004-05-03T21:27:10Z

Modster: '''Mentmore Towers'''

'''Mentmore Towers''' is a large mansion in the village of [[Mentmore]], [[Buckinghamshire]], [[England]]. It takes its name both from the village in which it stands, and the fact that house has numerous towers, and [[pinnacle]]s. It is only in recent years the house has been known as 'Towers' when in private ownership it was always know simply as 'Mentmore'.

The house was built between [[1851]] and [[1854]] by [[Baron Meyer de Rothschild]] who needed a house close to [[London]] and in close proximity to other Rothschild homes at [[Tring]] in [[Hertfordshire]], [[Ascott]] in [[Buckinghamshire]], [[Aston Clinton]] and later [[Waddesdon Manor]] and [[Halton House]]. He had slowly purchased over the preceding ten years plot by plot land in the parish of Mentmore. The plans for the new mansion imitated [[Wollaton Hall]] in [[Nottingham]], they were drawn by the well known architect [[Joseph Paxton]], famous for the [[Crystal Palace]] (see [[Plans and interiors of Mentmore]]).

The Baron and his wife did not live long after its completion. After the Baroness's death it was inherited by her daughter Hannah, later [[Countess of Rosebery]]. Following her demise in [[1890]] aged 39 from [[Bright's Disease]] it became the home of her widower Archibald, 5th. [[Earl of Rosebery]], later [[Prime Minister]] in [[1894]], he later gave the eatate in the late 1920s to his son Harry, Lord Dalmeny, who in 1929 on the death of Archibald Rosebery became the 6th Earl. Both Earls bred numerous winners of classic [[horse race]]s at two stud farms on the estate, including three [[Epsom Derby]] winners.

Following the death of Harry Rosebery in the [[1970s]], the executors of his estate sold the fabulous contents by public auction for many millions of pounds sterling.

It was a national disgrace, by the government of [[James Callaghan]] that the contents were not accepted in lieu of death duties and the house turned into one of England's finest museums of European furniture, object d'art and [[Victorian era]] [[architecture]]. The government could have purchased the house and contents for £2,000,000 but declined; months later the contents were sold for over £10,000,000. Among the paintings sold were works by [[Gainsborough]], [[Reynolds]], [[Bouchier]], [[Drouais]], and other very famous artists, and cabinet makers, including [[Reisner]] and silversmiths. This Rothschild/Mentmore collection was said to be one of the finest ever to be assembled in private hands, other than those of the [[Russia]]n and British royal families.

The empty house, unaltered since the day it was built, was two years later sold for £220,000 to the [[Maharishi Mahesh Yogi]], founder of the [[Transcendental Meditation movement]] in the [[United Kingdom]]. It was also through the Maharishi that Mentmore became the British national headquarters of the [[Natural Law Party]] in the [[1980s]] and [[1990s]].

In [[1997]] Mentmore Towers was sold to a company, now named [[Mentmore Towers Ltd]] who, while restoring it, plan to turn it into a luxury hotel in the near future. In the last few years it has appeared in many films, most memorably ''[[Eyes Wide Shut]]'' with [[Tom Cruise]] and [[Nicole Kidman]]. The new production of [[Batman]] is currently (May 2004) being filmed there.

[[Rothschild properties in Buckinghamshire]]

George Adomeit

2004-05-02T10:19:34Z

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'''George Gustav Adomeit''' ([[1879]] - [[1967]]) was a [[Germany|German]]-born [[United States|American]] [[painter]] and [[printmaker]], and also co-founder and long-time president of the [[Caxton Company]], a [[printing]] company that was bought by the [[Fetter Printing Company]] in [[1955]].

Adomeit was born in Memel in [[Germany]] (now [[Klaipeda]] in [[Lithuania]]), but at the age of four he moved with his family to [[Cleveland, Ohio|Cleveland]], [[Ohio]], which became his home, and which was where he died in [[1967]].

His paintings include ''Down to the Harbor'' ([[1925]]).

== External links ==
* [http://www.clevelandart.org/Explore/artist.asp?artistLetter=A&recNo=5&bio=full&display= Biography] on the [[Cleveland Museum of Art]] website, taken from Robinson and Steinberg, "Transformations in Cleveland Art" (CMA, 1996), p. 221
* [http://www.artoftheprint.com/artistpages/adomeit_george_alongthecoastofmain.htm Biography] at www.artoftheprint.com

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Byggvir

2004-04-08T20:18:37Z

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In [[Norse mythology]], '''Byggvir''' was the husband of [[Beyla]].

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Ampthill

2004-04-05T22:49:02Z

Modster: Bedford

'''Ampthill''' is a small town in [[Bedfordshire]], [[England]], between [[Bedford, England|Bedford]] and [[Luton]], with a population of about 6,000. It is administered by [[Mid Bedfordshire District Council]]. A regular market has taken place on Thursdays for centuries.

Ampthill Castle was a site of some importance - [[Katherine of Aragon]] lived there in 1533, while she was awaiting her trial. The castle no longer exists.

John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress was written loosely based on his journey between Bedford and Luton jails. Ampthill was the model for Vanity Fair and (now ruined) Houghton House for house beautiful.

===Geography===
Ampthill is located at 52°02'00" North, 00°30'00" West (52.0333,
-0.5000)[[World_gazetteer|<sup>1</sup>]].

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Winterthur Museum and Country Estate

2004-02-15T17:30:13Z

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'''Winterthur''', an American country estate, is the former home of [[Henry Francis du Pont]] (1880-1969), an avid antiques collector and horticulturist. In the early 20th century, H. F. du Pont and his father, [[Henry Algernon du Pont]], designed Winterthur in the spirit of 18th- and 19th-century European country houses.

Winterthur is situated on 979 acres, with 60 acres of naturalistic garden. There were 2,500 acres when it functioned as a country estate.

There are 175 period-room displays in the museum and approximately 85,000 objects. The collection spans two centuries of American decorative arts, from 1640 to 1860.

The Winterthur Library and Research Center includes more than 87,000 volumes and approximately 500,000 manuscripts and images.

Winterthur's square footage:
Main museum (Period Rooms and offices) = 96,582 sq. ft.
The Cottage (home of H. F. du Pont after opening of the museum) = 21,345 sq. ft.
The Galleries = 35,000 sq. ft. (22,000 sq. ft. display area)
Research Building = 68,456 sq. ft.
Visitor Center = 18,755 sq. ft.

== External link: ==

* http://www.winterthur.org

Ozone Park

2004-01-03T22:09:38Z

Modster: wikification

'''Ozone Park''' is in the southwestern part of [[Queens]] bordering [[Woodhaven]],
[[Richmond Hill]], [[Howard Beach]], and the borough of [[Brooklyn, New York|Brooklyn]]. The
north border is Atlantic avenue, west border is Drew Street
(City-Line), south border is South Conduit, and the east is 108th
street. There are many bus routes that run through Ozone Park.
The Q41 runs on Rockaway avenue, Q112 runs on Liberty Avenue which
the A train also runs on the street as well, the Q8 which runs on
101st avenue, and the Q24 runs on Atlantic avenue.
Ozone Park is known for as the hometown of famous people like [[Bernadette Peters]] and [[Cyndi Lauper]].

Koreatown (Manhattan)

2003-09-07T12:25:15Z

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'''Koreatown''' is located on 32nd Street between [[Broadway]] and Fifth Avenue in Manhattan's Midtown South. Other Korean-owned businesses are located in 31st Street and 33rd Street.

''This article is a [[Wikipedia:The perfect stub article|stub]]. You can help Wikipedia by [[Wikipedia:Find or fix a stub|fixing it]].''

Church of God in Christ

2003-06-15T16:28:57Z

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The '''Church of God in Christ''' is a [[Pentecostal]] body which is the sixth largest [[Christian]] [[Church]] in the [[United States]] and perhaps the nation's largest [[African American]] [[denomination]]. It was formed in [[1897]] by [[Bishop C. H. Mason]], who severed ties with [[Baptists]]. The current Presiding Bishop is Dr. [[Gilbert E. Patterson]], who is the founding pastor of the [[Temple of Deliverance Church of God in Christ]]. Other bishops include [[Charles E. Blake]], the Pastor of The [[West Angeles Cathedral]], and [[J. N. Haynes]], the Pastor of The [[Gospel Temple Church of God in Christ]].