Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Chabechnet

2008-03-12T22:28:29Z

Markh: Start of page

The [[Ancient Egypt]]ian artisan '''Khabekhnet''' lived in [[Deir el-Medina]] on the west bank of the [[Nile]], opposite [[Thebes, Egypt|Thebes]], during the reigns of [[Ramesses II]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://euler.slu.edu/Dept/Faculty/bart/egyptianhtml/tombs/ThebanTombs.htm|accessdate=2008-02-01|title=Theban Tombs|author=Anneke Bart}}</ref> He was buried along with his wife, Iy-neferti, and family in a [[TT2|tomb]] in the village necropolis.

His titles included [[Servant in the Place of Truth]],<ref name="baikie1932">{{cite book|first=James|last=Baikie|title=Egyptian Antiquities in the Nile Valley|publisher=Methuen|date=1932}}</ref> meaning that he work on the excavation and decoration of nearby [[Valley of the Kings|royal]] [[Valley of the Queens|tombs]].

==References==
<references />

{{Ancient-Egypt-stub}}

[[Category:Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
[[Category:Ancient Egyptians]]

Juja (Ägypter)

2007-06-10T06:19:07Z

Markh: refs

{{Hiero|Yuya |<hiero>i-i-w-i-A-A1</hiero>|align=right|era=egypt}}
'''Yuya''' (sometimes '''Iouiya''') also known as Yaa, Ya, Yiya, Yayi, Yu, Yuyu, Yaya, Yiay, Yia, Yuy<ref>(Osman p. 113)</ref> was a powerful [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] courtier of the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]] (circa [[1390s BCE|1390 BC]]). He was married to [[Tjuyu]], an Egyptian noblewoman. Their daughter [[Tiye]] became the [[Great Royal Wife]] of [[Amenhotep III]].<ref>{{WhosWhoInAncientEgyptReference|page=p.207}}</ref> They may also have been the parents of [[Ay]],<ref>Rice, op. cit., p.222</ref> an Egyptian general active during the reign of pharaoh [[Akhenaten]], and who eventually became pharaoh himself, as ''Kheperkheprure Ay''. However, there is no conclusive evidence regarding the kinship of Yuya and Ay.<ref>David, op. cit., p.167</ref> Yuya and Tjuyu are also known to have a son named [[Anen]] or (Onen).<ref>Rice, op. cit., p.20</ref>

==Origins==
[[Image:Tuyayuya.jpg|right|300px|thumb| Yuya (left), Tjuyu (right). Both were found in the same tomb.]]
Yuya came from the [[Upper Egypt]]ian town of [[Akhmin]], where he probably owned an estate and was a member of this town's local nobility. His origins remain unclear. As the study of his mummy showed, Yuya had been a man of taller than average stature, and the anatomist Grafton Elliot Smith considered that his appearance was not typically Egyptian. Taking into account his unusual name and features, some [[Egyptology|Egyptologists]] believe that Yuya was of foreign origin, although this is far from certain.<ref>David O'Connor & Eric Cline, Amenhotep: Perspectives on his Reign, University of Michigan, 1998, p.5</ref> The name Yuya can be spelled in five different ways as Gaston Maspero noted decades ago in [[Theodore Davis]]'s 1907 book--The Tomb of Iouiya and Touiyou.<ref>O'Connor & Cline, op. cit., p.5</ref> These include "iAy", ywiA", yw [reed-leaf with walking feet]A, ywiw" and, in orthography--normally a sign of something foreign--"y[man with hand to mouth]iA".<ref>Maspero's analysis of Yuya's complex name is given on page xiii-xiv of ''The Tomb of Iouiya and Touiyou" by Theodore M. Davis, Archibald Constable and Co. Ltd, 1907</ref> It was abnormal for a person to have so many different ways to write his name in Egyptian; this may suggest that Yuya's ancestors had a foreign--though not necessarly Mitannian--origin.

One solution is that Yuya had some [[Mitanni]]an ancestry; this argument is based on the fact that the knowledge of horses and chariotry was introduced into Egypt from Asia and Yuya was the king’s "Master of the Horse." It was also suggested Yuya was the brother of queen [[Mutemwiya]], who was the mother of [[pharaoh]] [[Amenhotep III]] and may have had Mitannian royal origins.<ref>Anthony David & Rosalie David, ''A Biographical Dictionary of Ancient Egypt'', London: Seaby, 1992, p.167 ISBN 1-85264-032-4</ref> However, this hypothesis cannot be substantiated since nothing is known of Mutemwiya's background. While Yuya lived in Upper Egypt, an area which was predominantly native Egyptian, he could have been an assimiliated descendant of Asiatic immigrants or slaves who rose to become a member of the local nobility at Akhmin. If he was not a foreigner, however, then Yuya would have been a native Egyptian whose daughter was married Amenhotep III.

==Career==
[[Image:Yuya-outer coffin.jpg|thumb|right|An excavation assistant beside the 2.75 meter outer coffin shortly after exacation.]]
Yuya served as a key adviser for Amenhotep III,<ref>Rice, op. cit., p.222</ref> and held posts such as "King’s Lieutenant" and "Master of the Horse"; his title "Father-of-the-god" possibly referred specifically to his being Amenhotep's father-in-law. In his native town of Akhmin, Yuya was a prophet of [[Min (god)|Min]], the chief god of the area, and served as "Superintendent of Cattle".<ref>David, op. cit., p.167</ref>

==List of Honors==
Yuya was given the following honors:<ref>(Osman pp. 14-5)</ref>
* Father of the Holy Father
* The holy father of the Lord of the Two Lands (the pharaoh is known as the Lord of the Two Lands)
* Master of the Horse
* Deputy of His Majesty in the Chariotry
* Bearer of the Ring of the King of Lower Egypt
* Seal-bearer of the King of Lower Egypt
* Hereditary Noble and Count
* Overseer of the Cattle of Min, Lord of Akhmim
* Overseer of the Cattle of Amun
* Favorite of the Good God
* Confidant of the King
* Confidant of the Good God
* Mouth of the King of Upper Egypt
* Ears of the King of Lower Egypt
* Prophet of the God Min
* Unique Friend
* First of the Friends
* Prince
* Great Prince
* Great of Love
* Plentiful of Favors in the House of the King
* Plentiful of Favors under his Lord
* Enduring of Love under his Lord
* Beloved of the King of Upper Egypt
* Beloved of the King of Lower Egypt
* Beloved of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Beloved of God
* Possessor of Favor under the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised of the Good God
* Praised of his God
* Praised of his Lord
* Praised of his Lord Amun
* Praised of the King
* Praised of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised One who came forth from the Body Praised
* One Made Rich by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the Lord Who Does Things
* First among the King's Companions
* The Wise One
* He Whom the King Made Great and Wise, Whom the King Has Made His Double.

==Tomb==
Yuya and his wife were buried in the [[Valley of the Kings]] at [[Thebes, Egypt|Thebes]], where their private [[KV46]] tomb was discovered in 1905 <ref>(Osman p. 8)</ref> by [[James Quibell]], who was working on behalf of Theodore M. Davis'. Although it had been entered, the tomb-robbers were perhaps disturbed, and Quibell found most of the funerary goods and the two mummies virtually intact.<ref>David, op. cit., p.167</ref>

==Footnotes==
<references />

* David, Anthony, E. and Rosalie David. ''A Biographical Dictionary of Ancient Egypt''. London: Seaby, 1992. ISBN 1-85264-032-4
* Osman, Ahmed. <cite>The Hebrew Pharaohs of Egypt.</cite> Rochester: Bear and Company, 1987.

==External links==
* {{cite web|accessmonthday=March 2 |accessyear=2006|
url=http://anubis4_2000.tripod.com/mummypages1/18B.htm|
title=Discussion and images of the mummies of Yuya and Tjuyu|
work=Tripod homepage}}
* [http://anubis4_2000.tripod.com/SpecialExhibits/YuyaTuyu.htm The Treasures of Yuya and Tuyu]

{{Ancient Egyptians}}

[[Category:Ancient Egyptians]]
[[Category:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]

[[de:Juja (Ägypter)]]
[[es:Yuya y Tuya]]
[[fr:Youya]]
[[hu:Juja]]
[[nl:Yuya]]

Meritre Hatschepsut

2006-11-24T10:54:09Z

Markh: reference

Queen '''Merytre-Hatshepsut''' (or sometimes '''Hatshepsut-Meryet-Ra''') was the principal wife of [[Pharaoh]] [[Thutmose III]], and mother of [[Pharaoh]] [[Amenhotep II]].<ref>Dodson, A. and D. Hilton 2004. <cite>The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt</cite> London: Thames and Hudson. p.139</ref> Of noble birth, she was the daughter of the Adoratrix Huy, whose statue in the British Museum (EA 1280) shows Huy holding a grandchild and represents the other children of Thutomose III and Merytre-Hatshepsut along the sides of her seated statue. She is not related to [[Hatshepsut|Queen Hatshepsut]], the previous pharaoh of Egypt, though previously was often thought to be her daughter. (Hatshepsut's only known child is [[Neferure]]).

Merytre-Hatshepsut was originally meant to be interred in [[KV42]], but was probably interred in [[KV35]], with her son Amenhotep II.

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Ancient Egyptian queen consorts]]
[[Category:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]

[[es:Hatshepsut Meritra]]

{{Ancient-Egypt-stub}}

Juja (Ägypter)

2006-09-23T18:44:55Z

Markh: References and rearrangements

{{Template:Hiero|Yuya |<hiero>i-i-w-i-A-A1</hiero>|align=right|era=egypt}}

'''Yuya''' (sometimes transliterated as '''Iouiya''') also known as Yaa, Ya, Yiya, Yayi, Yu, Yuyu, Yaya, Yiay, Yia, Yuy<ref>(Osman p. 113)</ref>, was a powerful [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] courtier of the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]] (circa [[1400s BCE|1400 BCE]]).

==Career==
[[Image:Tuyayuya.jpg|right|300px|thumb| Yuya (left), Tuya (right). Both were found in the same tomb.]]

Yuya served as a key adviser for [[Pharaoh]] [[Amenhotep III]] (father of [[Akhenaten]]), who married Yuya's daughter [[Tiye]].<ref name="ricep222">Michael Rice, <cite>Who's Who in Ancient Egypt</cite>, p.222</ref> Amenhotep III probably knew Yuya and his family well, as Yuya was likely appointed to his position under Amenhotep's father, [[Thutmose IV]].<ref>(Osman pp. 49-50)</ref> Yuya is the only person in Egyptian history known to have been granted the title "Beloved Father of Pharaoh".

Yuya married [[Tjuyu]], an Egyptian noblewoman and was the father of [[Tiy]]e, who became Amenhotep's [[Great Royal Wife]].<ref>Michael Rice, <cite>Who's Who in Ancient Egypt</cite>, p.207</ref> Some scholars speculate that they also may have been the parents of [[Ay]]<ref name="ricep222">, an Egyptian general active during the reign of Yuya's grandson Pharaoh [[Akhenaten]], and who eventually became pharaoh himself, as ''Kheperkheprure Ay''. That Ay was Yuya's son is just one of many theories debated among archaeologists. They also had a son named [[Anen]] (or Onen)<ref>Michael Rice, <cite>Who's Who in Ancient Egypt</cite>, p.20</ref>. It is believed by some that he was a son of [[Yey]], another ancient official{{fact}}. However, there is not enough time between the time Yey could have had a child and the time that Yuya became official, as that would mean Yuya became vizier at a very young age, and it would mean that he died much younger than his mummy suggests. Also, it is also though by some that Yey was just some sort of [[nickname]] for [[Amenhotep II]]{{fact}}.

Together with his wife, Yuya was buried in the [[Valley of the Kings]], in [[KV46]], where their largely unpillaged remains were found in [[1905]].<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=Sept 23|accessyear=2006|url=http://www.kv5.com/sites/browse_tomb_860.html|title=KV46 (Yuya and Thuyu) |work=Theban Mapping website}}</ref>

[[Image:Yuya-outer coffin.jpg|thumb|right|An excavation assistant beside the 2.75 meter outer coffin shortly after exacation.]]

==List of Honors==
Yuya was given the following honors:<ref>(Osman pp. 14-5)</ref>
* Father of the Holy Father
* The holy father of the Lord of the Two Lands (the pharaoh is known as the Lord of the Two Lands)
* Master of the Horse
* Deputy of His Majesty in the Chariotry
* Bearer of the Ring of the King of Lower Egypt
* Seal-bearer of the King of Lower Egypt
* Hereditary Noble and Count
* Overseer of the Cattle of Min, Lord of Akhmim
* Overseer of the Cattle of Amun
* Favorite of the Good God
* Confidant of the King
* Confidant of the Good God
* Mouth of the King of Upper Egypt
* Ears of the King of Lower Egypt
* Prophet of the God Min
* Unique Friend
* First of the Friends
* Prince
* Great Prince
* Great of Love
* Plentiful of Favors in the House of the King
* Plentiful of Favors under his Lord
* Enduring of Love under his Lord
* Beloved of the King of Upper Egypt
* Beloved of the King of Lower Egypt
* Beloved of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Beloved of God
* Possessor of Favor under the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised of the Good God
* Praised of his God
* Praised of his Lord
* Praised of his Lord Amun
* Praised of the King
* Praised of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised One who came forth from the Body Praised
* One Made Rich by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the Lord Who Does Things
* First among the King's Companions
* The Wise One
* He Whom the King Made Great and Wise, Whom the King Has Made His Double.

==Yuya and Joseph==
{{cleanup-section|July 2006}}
[[Image:Yuya-second and inner coffins.jpg|left|thumb|The second and inner coffins of Yuya's mummy.]]
Yuya's facial features, as observed on his [[mummy]], have led some [[archaeologist]]s to postulate that he was actually [[Asiatic]] in origin (usually thought to be [[Semitic]], [[Canaan|Canaanite]], or [[Mitanni|Mitannian]]). Some scholars have gone so far as to connect Yuya with the biblical story of [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]], a son of [[Jacob]] and [[Rachel]].

The Egyptian Language has the sounds "j" (if hard), "s", and "f".<ref>(Collier and Manley p. 3)</ref> It however lacks the "o" sound, our only evidence that Egyptian ever had this sound is from the Greeks, and the "e" traditionally placed between consonants, and turning "w"s to "u"s is genereally associated with Western linguistics.<ref>(Collier and Manley p. 4)</ref>

This view is opposed by Biblical literalists who note that the book of [[Exodus]] in the [[Torah]] states that the Israelites brought Joseph's bones out of Egypt. Thus, since Yuya's body was found in Egypt in the [[Valley of the Kings]], they claim that it is impossible that he is indeed Joseph. Those who do not accept the total historical accuracy of the Bible, such as Charles N. Pope, respond that Joseph may have been a composite of more than one individual,<ref>http://www.domainofman.com/book/chap-15.html</ref> while [[Ahmed Osman]] responds that the part about his body's removal to [[Canaan]] may have been a later insertion, perhaps evidenced by the name for God (Elohim) used in that verse being different from the name used in the surrounding verses ([[YHWH]]).<ref>(Osman p. 3)</ref>

Some Egyptologists argue that what we know of Yuya's family suggests that they did not come from Asia, but from the regional nobility{{fact}} of [[Akhmim]], in [[Upper Egypt]], as it is odd how strongly connected to the town he seems to be.<ref>http://amscresearch.com/_wsn/page4.html</ref>

The claim about the hieroglyphs in Yuya's name being misread is also rejected by many archaeologists. The "ya" in his name is, in fact, two hieroglyphs, not one; and there is no single hieroglyph for "sef" in Egyptian. Hieroglyphs for "set" or "seth" look like a throne seat and a shoulder knot respectively, and do not in any way resemble a combination of a reed leaf and a vulture used for "ya". The hieroglyphs for "sef', "sep", "sf", and "sp" in Egyptian only vaguely represent the hieroglyps for "ya", and it is not likely that they are meant to.

Interestingly enough, "Yuya" has no translation in ancient Egyptian<ref>Faulkner, Raymond O., A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Griffith Institute, Oxford, 1962</ref>, while in Hebrew, it means "He is of God" or "He who is of God."

[[Sheikh Abdallah Shehata]] has anounced that a special mausoleum would be built for Yuya on behalf of [[Ahmed Osman]], the first to postulate that there may be a connection between Joseph and Yuya.<ref>http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2004/672/profile.htm</ref>

==Footnotes==
<references />

==References==
* Collier, Mark and Manley, Bill. ''How to Read Egyptian Hieroglyphs: Revised Edition''. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1998.
* Osman, Ahmed. <cite>The Hebrew Pharaohs of Egypt.</cite> Rochester: Bear and Company, 1987.
* Winsten, Joseph. <cite>Moses Meets Israel: The Origins of One God.</cite> Rumford Inc., 1999.
* Faulkner, Raymond O. <cite>A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian.</cite> Griffith Institute, 1962
==External links==
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyatb.htm|
title=An account of the discovery of Yuya's tomb|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyat.htm|
title=Yuya and Tjuyu tomb gallery|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://anubis4_2000.tripod.com/mummypages1/18B.htm|
title=Discussion and images of the mummies of Yuya and Tjuyu|
work=Tripod homepage}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://dwij.org/forum/amarna/3_joseph.html|
title=Ahmed Osman attempts to prove that Yuya was Joseph|
work=Ahmed Osman}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=May 19|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.domainofman.com/book/chap-15.html|
title=Rise of Vizier Yuya in 18th Dynasty|}}

==See also==
* [[Ancient Egypt]]
* [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
* [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]]
* [[Tiy]]e
* [[Tjuyu]]

{{Ancient Egyptians}}

[[Category:Ancient Egyptians]]
[[Category:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
[[Category:Judaism]]
[[es:Yuya y Tuya]]
[[nl:Yuya]]

Juja (Ägypter)

2006-08-29T11:44:07Z

Markh: Move image and remove POV

{{Template:Hiero|Yuya |<hiero>i-i-w-i-A-A1</hiero>|align=right|era=egypt}}

'''Yuya''' (sometimes transliterated as '''Iouiya''') also known as Yaa, Ya, Yiya, Yayi, Yu, Yuyu, Yaya, Yiay, Yia, Yuy<ref>(Osman p. 113)</ref>, was a powerful [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] courtier of the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]] (circa [[1400s BCE|1400 BCE]]).

==Career==
[[Image:Tuyayuya.jpg|right|300px|thumb| Yuya (left), Tuya (right). Both were found in the same tomb.]]

Yuya served as a key adviser for [[Pharaoh]] [[Amenhotep III]] (father of [[Akhenaten]]), who married Yuya's daughter [[Tiye]].<ref>(Osman p. 15)</ref> Amenhotep III probably knew Yuya and his family well, as Yuya was likely appointed to his position under Amenhotep's father, [[Thutmose IV]].<ref>(Osman pp. 49-50)</ref> Yuya is the only person in Egyptian history known to have been granted the title "Beloved Father of Pharaoh" other than Joseph.

Yuya married [[Tjuyu]], an Egyptian noblewoman and was the father of [[Tiy]]e, who became Amenhotep's [[Great Royal Wife]].<ref>(Osman p. 15)</ref> Some scholars speculate that they also may have been the parents of [[Ay]], an Egyptian general active during the reign of Yuya's grandson Pharaoh [[Akhenaten]], and who eventually became pharaoh himself, as ''Kheperkheprure Ay''. That Ay was Yuya's son is just one of many theories debated among archaeologists.

Together with his wife, Yuya was buried in the [[Valley of the Kings]], in [[KV46]], where their largely unpillaged remains were found in [[1905]].<ref>(Osman p. 8)</ref>

==Yuya and Joseph==
{{cleanup-section|July 2006}}
[[Image:Yuya-second and inner coffins.jpg|left|thumb|The second and inner coffins of Yuya's mummy.]]
Yuya's facial features, as observed on his [[mummy]], have led some [[archaeologist]]s to postulate that he was actually [[Asiatic]] in origin. Some scholars have gone so far as to connect Yuya with the biblical story of [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]], a son of [[Jacob]] and [[Rachel]]. They point out, ''inter alia'', that the [[hieroglyph]] for "ya" is extremely similar to that for "sef", and thus that the name should in fact be read "Yusef."{{fact}}

The Egyptian Language has the sounds "j" (if hard), "s", and "f".<ref>(Collier and Manley p. 3)</ref> It however lacks the "o" sound, our only evidence that Egyptian ever had this sound is from the Greeks, and the "e" traditionally placed between consonants, and turning "w"s to "u"s is genereally associated with Western linguistics.<ref>(Collier and Manley p. 4)</ref>

This view is opposed by Biblical literalists who note that the book of [[Exodus]] in the [[Torah]] states that the Israelites brought Joseph's bones out of Egypt. Thus, since Yuya's body was found in Egypt in the [[Valley of the Kings]], they claim that it is impossible that he is indeed Joseph. Those who do not accept the total historical accuracy of the Bible respond that Joseph may have been a composite of more than one individual,{{fact}} or that the part about his body's removal to [[Canaan]] may have been a later insertion, perhaps evidenced by the name for God (Elohim) used around that passage being different from the name used in the surrounding chapters ([[YHWH]]).<ref>(Osman p. 3)</ref>

Some Egyptologists argue that what we know of Yuya's family suggests that they did not come from Asia, but from the regional nobility{{fact}} of [[Akhmim]], in [[Upper Egypt]], as it is odd how strongly connected to the town he seems to be.<ref>http://amscresearch.com/_wsn/page4.html</ref>

The claim about the hieroglyphs in Yuya's name being misread is also rejected by many archaeologists. The "ya" in his name is, in fact, two hieroglyphs, not one; and there is no single hieroglyph for "sef" in Egyptian. Hieroglyphs for "set" or "seth" look like a throne seat and a shoulder knot respectively, and do not in any way resemble a combination of a reed leaf and a vulture used for "ya". The hieroglyphs for "sef', "sep", "sf", and "sp" in Egyptian only vaguely represent the hieroglyps for "ya", and it is not likely that they are meant to.

Interestingly enough, "Yuya" has no translation in ancient Egyptian<ref>Faulkner, Raymond O., A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Griffith Institute, Oxford, 1962</ref>, while in Hebrew, it means "He is of God" or "He who is of God"<ref>[http://www.thehebrewtranslator.com/]</ref>.

[[Image:Yuya-outer coffin.jpg|thumb|right|An excavation assistant beside the 2.75 meter outer coffin shortly after exacation.]]

==List of Honors==
Yuya was given the following honors:<ref>(Osman pp. 14-5)</ref>
* Father of the Holy Father
* The holy father of the Lord of the Two Lands (the pharaoh is known as the Lord of the Two Lands)
* Master of the Horse
* Deputy of His Majesty in the Chariotry
* Bearer of the Ring of the King of Lower Egypt
* Seal-bearer of the King of Lower Egypt
* Hereditary Noble and Count
* Overseer of the Cattle of Min, Lord of Akhmim
* Overseer of the Cattle of Amun
* Favorite of the Good God
* Confidant of the King
* Confidant of the Good God
* Mouth of the King of Upper Egypt
* Ears of the King of Lower Egypt
* Prophet of the God Min
* Unique Friend
* First of the Friends
* Prince
* Great Prince
* Great of Love
* Plentiful of Favors in the House of the King
* Plentiful of Favors under his Lord
* Enduring of Love under his Lord
* Beloved of the King of Upper Egypt
* Beloved of the King of Lower Egypt
* Beloved of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Beloved of God
* Possessor of Favor under the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised of the Good God
* Praised of his God
* Praised of his Lord
* Praised of his Lord Amun
* Praised of the King
* Praised of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised One who came forth from the Body Praised
* One Made Rich by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the Lord Who Does Things
* First among the King's Companions
* The Wise One
* He Whom the King Made Great and Wise, Whom the King Has Made His Double.

==Footnotes==
<references />

==References==
* Collier, Mark and Manley, Bill. ''How to Read Egyptian Hieroglyphs: Revised Edition''. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1998.
* Osman, Ahmed. <cite>The Hebrew Pharaohs of Egypt.</cite> Rochester: Bear and Company, 1987.
* Winsten, Joseph. <cite>Moses Meets Israel: The Origins of One God.</cite> Rumford Inc., 1999.
* Faulkner, Raymond O. <cite>A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian.</cite> Griffith Institute, 1962
==External links==
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyatb.htm|
title=An account of the discovery of Yuya's tomb|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyat.htm|
title=Yuya and Tjuyu tomb gallery|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://anubis4_2000.tripod.com/mummypages1/18B.htm|
title=Discussion and images of the mummies of Yuya and Tjuyu|
work=Tripod homepage}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://dwij.org/forum/amarna/3_joseph.html|
title=Ahmed Osman attempts to prove that Yuya was Joseph|
work=Ahmed Osman}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=May 19|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.domainofman.com/book/chap-15.html|
title=Rise of Vizier Yuya in 18th Dynasty|}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=Aug 16|accessyear=2006|
url=http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewAlbum?id=90974754&s=143460|
title=Yuya, Canadian rock-reggae singer|}}

==See also==
* [[Ancient Egypt]]
* [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
* [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]]
* [[Tiy]]e
* [[Tjuyu]]

{{Ancient Egyptians}}

[[Category:Ancient Egyptians]]
[[Category:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
[[Category:Judaism]]
[[es:Yuya y Tuya]]
[[nl:Yuya]]

Juja (Ägypter)

2006-08-25T16:15:41Z

Markh: citation needed

{{Template:Hiero|Yuya |<hiero>i-i-w-i-A-A1</hiero>|align=right|era=egypt}}

[[Image:Tuyayuya.jpg|left|300px|thumb| Yuya (left), suspected of being foreign, compared with his Egyptian wife Tuya (right). Both were found in the same tomb.]]

'''Yuya''' (sometimes transliterated as '''Iouiya''') also known as Yaa, Ya, Yiya, Yayi, Yu, Yuyu, Yaya, Yiay, Yia, Yuy<ref>(Osman p. 113)</ref>, was a powerful [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] courtier of the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]] (circa [[1400s BCE|1400 BCE]]).

==Career==
Yuya served as a key adviser for [[Pharaoh]] [[Amenhotep III]] (father of [[Akhenaten]]), who married Yuya's daughter [[Tiye]].<ref>(Osman p. 15)</ref> Amenhotep III probably knew Yuya and his family well, as Yuya was likely appointed to his position under Amenhotep's father, [[Thutmose IV]].<ref>(Osman pp. 49-50)</ref> Yuya is the only person in Egyptian history known to have been granted the title "Beloved Father of Pharaoh" other than Joseph.

Yuya married [[Tjuyu]], an Egyptian noblewoman and was the father of [[Tiy]]e, who became Amenhotep's [[Great Royal Wife]].<ref>(Osman p. 15)</ref> Some scholars speculate that they also may have been the parents of [[Ay]], an Egyptian general active during the reign of Yuya's grandson Pharaoh [[Akhenaten]], and who eventually became pharaoh himself, as ''Kheperkheprure Ay''. That Ay was Yuya's son is just one of many theories debated among archaeologists.

Together with his wife, Yuya was buried in the [[Valley of the Kings]], in [[KV46]], where their largely unpillaged remains were found in [[1905]].<ref>(Osman p. 8)</ref>

==Yuya and Joseph==
{{cleanup-section|July 2006}}
[[Image:Yuya-second and inner coffins.jpg|left|thumb|The second and inner coffins of Yuya's mummy.]]
Yuya's facial features, as observed on his [[mummy]], have led some [[archaeologist]]s to postulate that he was actually [[Asiatic]] in origin. Some scholars have gone so far as to connect Yuya with the biblical story of [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]], a son of [[Jacob]] and [[Rachel]]. They point out, ''inter alia'', that the [[hieroglyph]] for "ya" is extremely similar to that for "sef", and thus that the name should in fact be read "Yusef."{{fact}}

The Egyptian Language has the sounds "j" (if hard), "s", and "f".<ref>(Collier and Manley p. 3)</ref> It however lacks the "o" sound, our only evidence that Egyptian ever had this sound is from the Greeks, and the "e" traditionally placed between consonants, and turning "w"s to "u"s is genereally associated with Western linguistics.<ref>(Collier and Manley p. 4)</ref>

This view is opposed by Biblical literalists who note that the book of [[Exodus]] in the [[Torah]] states that the Israelites brought Joseph's bones out of Egypt. Thus, since Yuya's body was found in Egypt in the [[Valley of the Kings]], they claim that it is impossible that he is indeed Joseph. Those who do not accept the total historical accuracy of the Bible respond that Joseph may have been a composite of more than one individual,{{fact}} or that the part about his body's removal to [[Canaan]] may have been a later insertion, perhaps evidenced by the name for God (Elohim) used around that passage being different from the name used in the surrounding chapters ([[YHWH]]).<ref>(Osman p. 3)</ref>

Some Egyptologists argue that what we know of Yuya's family suggests that they did not come from Asia, but from the regional nobility{{fact}} of [[Akhmim]], in [[Upper Egypt]], as it is odd how strongly connected to the town he seems to be.<ref>http://amscresearch.com/_wsn/page4.html</ref>

The claim about the hieroglyphs in Yuya's name being misread is also rejected by many archaeologists. The "ya" in his name is, in fact, two hieroglyphs, not one; and there is no single hieroglyph for "sef" in Egyptian. Hieroglyphs for "set" or "seth" look like a throne seat and a shoulder knot respectively, and do not in any way resemble a combination of a reed leaf and a vulture used for "ya". The hieroglyphs for "sef', "sep", "sf", and "sp" in Egyptian only vaguely represent the hieroglyps for "ya", and it is not likely that they are meant to.

Interestingly enough, "Yuya" has no translation in ancient Egyptian, while in Hebrew, it means "He is of God" {{fact}}.

[[Image:Yuya-outer coffin.jpg|thumb|right|An excavation assistant beside the 2.75 meter outer coffin shortly after exacation.]]

==List of Honors==
Yuya was given the following honors:<ref>(Osman pp. 14-5)</ref>
* Father of the Holy Father
* The holy father of the Lord of the Two Lands (the pharaoh is known as the Lord of the Two Lands)
* Master of the Horse
* Deputy of His Majesty in the Chariotry
* Bearer of the Ring of the King of Lower Egypt
* Seal-bearer of the King of Lower Egypt
* Hereditary Noble and Count
* Overseer of the Cattle of Min, Lord of Akhmim
* Overseer of the Cattle of Amun
* Favorite of the Good God
* Confidant of the King
* Confidant of the Good God
* Mouth of the King of Upper Egypt
* Ears of the King of Lower Egypt
* Prophet of the God Min
* Unique Friend
* First of the Friends
* Prince
* Great Prince
* Great of Love
* Plentiful of Favors in the House of the King
* Plentiful of Favors under his Lord
* Enduring of Love under his Lord
* Beloved of the King of Upper Egypt
* Beloved of the King of Lower Egypt
* Beloved of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Beloved of God
* Possessor of Favor under the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised of the Good God
* Praised of his God
* Praised of his Lord
* Praised of his Lord Amun
* Praised of the King
* Praised of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised One who came forth from the Body Praised
* One Made Rich by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the Lord Who Does Things
* First among the King's Companions
* The Wise One
* He Whom the King Made Great and Wise, Whom the King Has Made His Double.

==Footnotes==
<references />

==References==
* Collier, Mark and Manley, Bill. ''How to Read Egyptian Hieroglyphs: Revised Edition''. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1998.
* Osman, Ahmed. <cite>The Hebrew Pharaohs of Egypt.</cite> Rochester: Bear and Company, 1987.
* Winsten, Joseph. <cite>Moses Meets Israel: The Origins of One God.</cite> Rumford Inc., 1999.
* Faulkner, Raymond O. <cite>A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian.</cite> Griffith Institute, 1962
==External links==
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyatb.htm|
title=An account of the discovery of Yuya's tomb|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyat.htm|
title=Yuya and Tjuyu tomb gallery|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://anubis4_2000.tripod.com/mummypages1/18B.htm|
title=Discussion and images of the mummies of Yuya and Tjuyu|
work=Tripod homepage}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://dwij.org/forum/amarna/3_joseph.html|
title=Ahmed Osman attempts to prove that Yuya was Joseph|
work=Ahmed Osman}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=May 19|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.domainofman.com/book/chap-15.html|
title=Rise of Vizier Yuya in 18th Dynasty|}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=Aug 16|accessyear=2006|
url=http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewAlbum?id=90974754&s=143460|
title=Yuya, Canadian rock-reggae singer|}}

==See also==
* [[Ancient Egypt]]
* [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
* [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]]
* [[Tiy]]e
* [[Tjuyu]]

{{Ancient Egyptians}}

[[Category:Ancient Egyptians]]
[[Category:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
[[Category:Judaism]]
[[es:Yuya y Tuya]]
[[nl:Yuya]]

Juja (Ägypter)

2006-08-17T11:56:01Z

Markh: Remove Joseph hieroglyphs

{{Template:Hiero|Yuya |<hiero>i-i-w-i-A-A1</hiero>|align=left|era=egypt}}

[[Image:Tuyayuya.jpg|right|300px|thumb| Yuya (left), suspected of being foreign, compared with his Egyptian wife Tuya (right). Both were found in the same tomb.]]

'''Yuya''' (sometimes transliterated as '''Iouiya''') also known as Yaa, Ya, Yiya, Yayi, Yu, Yuyu, Yaya, Yiay, Yia, Yuy<ref>(Osman p. 113)</ref>, and possibly [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]]<ref>(Osman p. 3)</ref> and Yussef,<ref>(Osman p. 42)</ref> was a powerful [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] courtier of the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]] (circa [[1400s BCE|1400 BCE]]). Scholars have narrowed the date of his birth to between 1453 and 1438 BCE and that of his death to between 1393 and 1378 BCE.<ref>(Osman p. 56)</ref>

==Career==
Yuya served as a key adviser for [[Pharaoh]] [[Amenhotep III]] (father of [[Akhenaten]]), who married Yuya's daughter [[Tiy]]e.<ref>(Osman p. 15)</ref> Amenhotep III probably knew Yuya and his family well, as Yuya was likely appointed to his position under Amenhotep's father, [[Thutmose IV]].<ref>(Osman pp. 49-50)</ref> Yuya is the only person in Egyptian history known to have been granted the title "Beloved Father of Pharaoh" other than Joseph.

Yuya married [[Tjuyu]], an Egyptian noblewoman descended from [[Ahmose Nefertari]]{{fact}}, and was the father of [[Tiy]]e, who became Amenhotep's [[Great Royal Wife]].<ref>(Osman p. 15)</ref> Some scholars speculate that they also may have been the parents of [[Ay]], an Egyptian general active during the reign of Yuya's grandson Pharaoh [[Akhenaten]], and who eventually became pharaoh himself, as ''Kheperkheprure Ay''. That Ay was Yuya's son is just one of many theories debated among archaeologists.

Together with his wife, Yuya was buried in the [[Valley of the Kings]], in [[KV46]], where their largely unpillaged remains were found in [[1905]].<ref>(Osman p. 8)</ref>

==Yuya and Joseph==
{{cleanup-section|July 2006}}
[[Image:Yuya-second and inner coffins.jpg|left|thumb|The second and inner coffins of Yuya's mummy.]]
Yuya's facial features, as observed on his [[mummy]], have led some [[archaeologist]]s to postulate that he was actually [[Asiatic]] in origin. Some scholars have gone so far as to connect Yuya with the biblical story of [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]], a son of [[Jacob]] and [[Rachel]]. They point out, ''inter alia'', that the [[hieroglyph]] for "ya" is extremely similar to that for "sef", and thus that the name should in fact be read "Yusef."{{fact}}

The Egyptian Language has the sounds "j" (if hard), "s", and "f".<ref>(Collier and Manley p. 3)</ref> It however lacks the "o" sound, our only evidence that Egyptian ever had this sound is from the Greeks, and the "e" traditionally placed between consonants, and turning "w"s to "u"s is genereally associated with Western linguistics.<ref>(Collier and Manley p. 4)</ref>

This view is opposed by Biblical literalists who note that the book of [[Exodus]] in the [[Torah]] states that the Israelites brought Joseph's bones out of Egypt. Thus, since Yuya's body was found in Egypt in the [[Valley of the Kings]], they claim that it is impossible that he is indeed Joseph. Those who do not accept the total historical accuracy of the Bible respond that Joseph may have been a composite of more than one individual,{{fact}} or that the part about his body's removal to [[Canaan]] may have been a later insertion, perhaps evidenced by the name for God (Elohim) used around that passage being different from the name used in the surrounding chapters ([[YHWH]]).<ref>(Osman p. 3)</ref>

Some Egyptologists argue that what we know of Yuya's family suggests that they did not come from Asia, but from the regional nobility{{fact}} of [[Akhmim]], in [[Upper Egypt]], as it is odd how strongly connected to the town he seems to be.<ref>http://amscresearch.com/_wsn/page4.html</ref>

The claim about the hieroglyphs in Yuya's name being misread is also rejected by many archaeologists. The "ya" in his name is, in fact, two hieroglyphs, not one; and there is no single hieroglyph for "sef" in Egyptian. Hieroglyphs for "set" or "seth" look like a throne seat and a shoulder knot respectively, and do not in any way resemble a combination of a reed leaf and a vulture used for "ya". The hieroglyphs for "sef', "sep", "sf", and "sp" in Egyptian only vaguely represent the hieroglyps for "ya", and it is not likely that they are meant to.

[[Image:Yuya-outer coffin.jpg|thumb|right|An excavation assistant beside the 2.75 meter outer coffin shortly after exacation.]]

==List of Honors==
Yuya was given the following honors:<ref>(Osman pp. 14-5)</ref>
* Father of the Holy Father
* The holy father of the Lord of the Two Lands (the pharaoh is known as the Lord of the Two Lands)
* Master of the Horse
* Deputy of His Majesty in the Chariotry
* Bearer of the Ring of the King of Lower Egypt
* Seal-bearer of the King of Lower Egypt
* Hereditary Noble and Count
* Overseer of the Cattle of Min, Lord of Akhmim
* Overseer of the Cattle of Amun
* Favorite of the Good God
* Confidant of the King
* Confidant of the Good God
* Mouth of the King of Upper Egypt
* Ears of the King of Lower Egypt
* Prophet of the God Min
* Unique Friend
* First of the Friends
* Prince
* Great Prince
* Great of Love
* Plentiful of Favors in the House of the King
* Plentiful of Favors under his Lord
* Enduring of Love under his Lord
* Beloved of the King of Upper Egypt
* Beloved of the King of Lower Egypt
* Beloved of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Beloved of God
* Possessor of Favor under the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised of the Good God
* Praised of his God
* Praised of his Lord
* Praised of his Lord Amun
* Praised of the King
* Praised of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised One who came forth from the Body Praised
* One Made Rich by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the Lord Who Does Things
* First among the King's Companions
* The Wise One
* He Whom the King Made Great and Wise, Whom the King Has Made His Double.

==Footnotes==
<references />

==References==
* Collier, Mark and Manley, Bill. ''How to Read Egyptian Hieroglyphs: Revised Edition''. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1998.
* Osman, Ahmed. <cite>The Hebrew Pharaohs of Egypt.</cite> Rochester: Bear and Company, 1987.
* Winsten, Joseph. <cite>Moses Meets Israel: The Origins of One God.</cite> Rumford Inc., 1999.
* Faulkner, Raymond O. <cite>A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian.</cite> Griffith Institute, 1962
==External links==
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyatb.htm|
title=An account of the discovery of Yuya's tomb|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyat.htm|
title=Yuya and Tjuyu tomb gallery|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://anubis4_2000.tripod.com/mummypages1/18B.htm|
title=Discussion and images of the mummies of Yuya and Tjuyu|
work=Tripod homepage}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://dwij.org/forum/amarna/3_joseph.html|
title=Ahmed Osman attempts to prove that Yuya was Joseph|
work=Ahmed Osman}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=May 19|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.domainofman.com/book/chap-15.html|
title=Rise of Vizier Yuya in 18th Dynasty|}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=Aug 16|accessyear=2006|
url=http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewAlbum?id=90974754&s=143460|
title=Yuya, Canadian rock-reggae singer|}}

==See also==
* [[Ancient Egypt]]
* [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
* [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]]
* [[Tiy]]e
* [[Tjuyu]]

{{Ancient Egyptians}}

[[Category:Ancient Egyptians]]
[[Category:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
[[Category:Judaism]]
[[es:Yuya y Tuya]]
[[nl:Yuya]]

Großes Ägyptisches Museum

2006-07-30T12:47:09Z

Markh: Add link

The '''Grand Egyptian Museum''' will be built by 2007-2010 at the cost of $US 350M. The museum will be sited on 50 hectares of land in [[Giza]] and is part of a new master plan for the plateau. On [[January 5]], [[2002]] Egyptian President [[Mubarak]] laid the foundation stone. The museum site is about three kilometers from the Pyramids.

==See also==
* [[Museo Egizio|Egyptian Museum of Turin]]
* [[Egyptian Museum of Berlin]]
* [[Cairo Museum]]

==External links==
*[http://www.gem.gov.eg/index/project/background.htm Official website]
*[http://www.egyptsites.co.uk/lower/cairo/museums/grand.html Egyptsites]
*[http://marketplace.publicradio.org/shows/2006/07/25/AM200607251.html Egypt's next big thing]

Juja (Ägypter)

2006-06-06T20:30:25Z

Markh: Revert to version by King Vegita, due to NPOV changes

{{Template:Hiero|Yuya |<hiero>i-i-w-i-A</hiero>|align=left|era=egypt}}
[[Image:Tuyayuya.jpg|right|300px|thumb| Yuya (left), suspected of being foreign, compared with his Egyptian wife Tuya (right). Both were found in the same tomb.]]

'''Yuya''' (sometimes transliterated as '''Iouiya''') also known as Yaa, Ya, Yiya, Yayi, Yu, Yuyu, Yaya, Yiay, Yia, Yuy<ref>(Osman p. 113)</ref>, and possibly [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]]<ref>(Osman p. 3)</ref> and Yussef,<ref>(Osman p. 42)</ref> was a powerful [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] courtier of the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]] (circa [[1400s BCE|1400 BCE]]). Scholars have narrowed the date of his birth to between 1453 and 1438 BCE and that of his death to between 1393 and 1378 BCE.<ref>(Osman p. 56)</ref>

==Career==
Yuya served as a key adviser for [[Pharaoh]] [[Amenhotep III]] (father of [[Akhenaten]]), who married Yuya's daughter [[Tiy]]e.<ref>(Osman p. 15)</ref> Amenhotep III probably knew Yuya and his family well, as Yuya was likely appointed to his position under Amenhotep's father, [[Thutmose IV]].<ref>(Osman pp. 49-50)</ref> Yuya is the only person in Egyptian history known to have been granted the title "Beloved Father of Pharaoh" other than Joseph.

Yuya married [[Tjuyu]], an Egyptian noblewoman descended from [[Ahmose Nefertari]], and was the father of [[Tiy]]e, who became Amenhotep's [[Great Royal Wife]].<ref>(Osman p. 15)</ref> Some scholars speculate that they also may have been the parents of [[Ay]], an Egyptian general active during the reign of Yuya's grandson Pharaoh [[Akhenaten]], and who eventually became pharaoh himself, as ''Kheperkheprure Ay''. That Ay was Yuya's son is just one of many theories debated among archeologists.

Together with his wife, Yuya was buried in the [[Valley of the Kings]], in [[KV46]], where their largely unpillaged remains were found in [[1905]].<ref>(Osman p. 8)</ref>

==Yuya and Joseph==
[[Image:Yuya-second and inner coffins.jpg|left|thumb|The second and inner coffins of Yuya's mummy.]]
Yuya's facial features, as observed on his [[mummy]], have led some [[archaeologist]]s to postulate that he was actually [[Asiatic]] in origin. Some scholars have gone so far as to connect Yuya with the biblical story of [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]], a son of [[Jacob]] and [[Rachel]]. They point out, ''inter alia'', that the [[hieroglyph]] for "ya" is extremely similar to that for "sef", and thus that the name should in fact be read "Yusef."{{fact}}

The Egyptian Language has the sounds j (if hard), s, and f.<ref>(Collier and Manley p. 3)</ref> It however lacks the o sound, our only evidence that Egyptian ever had this sound is from the Greeks, and the e traditionally placed between consonants, and turning w's to u are completely a fabrication of the Western tongue and do not bear relation to the actual pronunciation.<ref>(Collier and Manley p. 4)</ref>

This view is opposed by Biblical literalists who note that the book of [[Exodus]] in the [[Torah]] states that the Israelites brought Joseph's bones out of Egypt. Thus, since Yuya's body was found in Egypt in the [[Valley of the Kings]], they claim that it is impossible that he is indeed Joseph. Those who do not accept the total historical accuracy of the Bible respond that Joseph may have been a composite of more than one individual,{{fact}} or that the part about his body's removal to [[Canaan]] may have been a later insertion.<ref>(Osman p. 3)</ref>

Mainstream Egyptologists do not take these speculations seriously, noting that what we know of Yuya's family suggests that they did not come from Asia, but from the regional nobility{{fact}} of [[Akhmim]], in [[Upper Egypt]].<ref>http://amscresearch.com/_wsn/page4.html</ref>

The claim about the hieroglyphs in Yuya's name being misread is also rejected by mainstream [[archaeology]]. The "ya" in his name is, in fact, two hieroglyphs, not one; and there is no single hieroglyph for "sef" in Egyptian. Hieroglyphs for "set" or "seth" look like a throne seat and a shoulder knot respectively, and do not in any way resemble a combination of a reed leaf and a vulture used for "ya".

[[Image:Yuya-outer coffin.jpg|thumb|right|An excavation assistant beside the 2.75 meter outer coffin shortly after exacation.]]

==List of Honors==
Yuya was given the following honors:<ref>(Osman pp. 14-5)</ref>
* Father of the Holy Father
* The holy father of the Lord of the Two Lands (the pharoah is known as the Lord of the Two Lands)
* Master of the Horse
* Deputy of His Majesty in the Chariotry
* Bearer of the Ring of the King of Lower Egypt
* Seal-bearer of the King of Lower Egypt
* Hereditary Noble and Count
* Overseer of the Cattle of Min, Lord of Akhmim
* Overseer of the Cattle of Amun
* Favorite of the Good God
* Confidant of the King
* Confidant of the Good God
* Mouth of the King of Upper Egypt
* Ears of the King of Lower Egypt
* Prophet of the God Min
* Unique Friend
* First of the Friends
* Prince
* Great Prince
* Great of Love
* Plentiful of Favors in the House of the King
* Plentiful of Favors under his Lord
* Enduring of Love under his Lord
* Beloved of the King of Upper Egypt
* Beloved of the King of Lower Egypt
* Beloved of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Beloved of God
* Possessor of Favor under the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised of the Good God
* Praised of his God
* Praised of his Lord
* Praised of his Lord Amun
* Praised of the King
* Praised of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised One who came forth from the Body Praised
* One Made Rich by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the King of Lower Egypt
* One Made Great by the Lord Who Does Things
* First among the King's Companions
* The Wise One
* He Whom the King Made Great and Wise, Whom the King Has Made His Double.

==Footnotes==
<references />

==References==
* Collier, Mark and Manley, Bill. ''How to Read Egyptian Hieroglyphs: Revised Edition''. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1998.
* Osman, Ahmed. <cite>The Hebrew Pharaohs of Egypt.</cite> Rochester: Bear and Company, 1987.
* Winsten, Joseph. <cite>Moses Meets Israel: The Origins of One God.</cite> Rumford Inc., 1999.

==External links==
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyatb.htm|
title=An account of the discovery of Yuya's tomb|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyat.htm|
title=Yuya and Tjuyu tomb gallery|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://anubis4_2000.tripod.com/mummypages1/18B.htm|
title=Discussion and images of the mummies of Yuya and Tjuyu|
work=Tripod homepage}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://dwij.org/forum/amarna/3_joseph.html|
title=Ahmed Osman attempts to prove that Yuya was Joseph|
work=Ahmed Osman}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=May 19|accessyear=2006|
url=http://music.yahoo.com/ar-26223112-downloads--Yuya|
title=Give U Everything, download songs by Yuya|}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=May 19|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.domainofman.com/book/chap-15.html|
title=Rise of Vizier Yuya in 18th Dynasty|}}

==See also==
* [[Ancient Egypt]]
* [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
* [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]]
* [[Tiy]]e
* [[Tjuyu]]

{{Ancient Egyptians}}

[[Category:Ancient Egyptians]]
[[Category:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
[[Category:Judaism]]

[[nl:Yuya]]

Sara Yorke Stevenson

2006-06-04T08:03:22Z

Markh: cat

'''Sara Yorke Stevenson''' (''Mrs. Cornelius Stevenson'') ([[1847]]-[[1921]]) was an [[United States|American]] [[archaeology|archæologist]], born in [[Paris]], [[July Monarchy]] [[France]].

She was educated in Paris at the [[Cours Rémy]] and the [[Institut Descauriet]], and resided in [[Mexico]] from [[1862]] to [[1867]]. She was prominently connected with the department of archæology at the [[University of Pennsylvania]] for many years, and became president of the department in [[1904]]. She was also secretary of the [[American Exploration Society]] in [[1897]] and of the [[Pennsylvania]] branch of the [[Archaeological Institute of America|Archæological Institute of America]] in [[1899]]-[[1903]]; and in [[1893]] was vice president of the jury on [[ethnology]] at [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]].

For the purpose of archæological investigations she visited [[Rome]] and [[Egypt under Muhammad Ali and his successors|Egypt]]. After [[1908]] Mrs. Stevenson served as assistant [[curator]] of the [[University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology|Pennsylvania Museum]]. In [[1909]] she was president of the [[Pennsylvania Equal Suffrage Society]].

Besides papers and articles on archæology, she wrote ''[[Maximilian I of Mexico|Maximilian]] in Mexico'' (1909), and she became literary editor of the [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]] ''[[Philadelphia Public Ledger|Public Ledger]]''.

{{US-activist-stub}}
{{US-historian-stub}}
{{archaeologist-stub}}

* {{NIE}}

[[Category:1847 births|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:1921 deaths|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:Parisians|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:People from Philadelphia|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:American archaeologists|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:American historians|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:American Egyptologists|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:American curators|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:American suffragists|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:American women's rights activists|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:Female Egyptologists|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:University of Pennsylvania faculty|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]
[[Category:Women writers|Stevenson, Sara Yorke]]

Heliopolis (Stadtteil)

2006-03-24T13:43:05Z

Markh: Clean up introduction

Modern Heliopolis (properly known as '''مصر الجديدة''', ''Miṣr al-ǧidīdah'' – literally "New Egypt")is a district of [[Cairo]], [[Egypt]]. The town was established by the [[Cairo Electric Railways & Heliopolis Oases Company|Heliopolis Oasis Company]], headed by the [[Belgium|Belgian]] industrialist Édouard Louis Joseph, ''[[Baron]]'' [[Empain]], beginning in [[1905]]. The Baron, a well known amateur [[Egyptologist]] and prominent European entrepreneur, arrived in Egypt in January [[1904]], intending to rescue one of his Belgian company's projects in [[Egypt]]; the construction of a railway line linking Matariya to [[Port Said]]. Despite losing the railway contract to the British, [[Empain]] stayed on in Egypt; a decision due to his love of the desert and/or relationship with Yvette Boghdadli, one of Cairo's most beautiful socialites.

In [[1905]], Empain established the Heliopolis Oasis Company, which bought a large stretch of desert some distance to the northwest of Cairo at a low price from the colonial government. His efforts culminated in 1907 with the building of the new town of Heliopolis, in the desert ten kilometers from the center of [[Cairo]]. It was designed as a "city of luxury and leisure", with broad avenues and equipped with all necessary conveniences and infrastructure; water, drains, electricity, hotel facilities, such as the Palace Hotel and Heliopolis House, and recreational amenities including a golf course, racetrack and park. In addition there was housing for rent, offered in a range of innovative design types targeting specific social classes with detached and terraced villas, apartment buildings, tenement blocks with balcony access and workers' bungalows.

The new city also represented the first large scale attempt to promote what later came to be called the "modern Arab style", known in its own day as the "Moorish style". [[Empain]]'s own residence however, adopted a very unique style. [[Alexander Marcel]], a French architect and a member of the prestigious [[French Institute]], was commissioned by [[Empain]] to build him a [[Hindu]] palace. Modelled on [[Angkor Wat]] in [[Cambodia]] and the [[Hindu]] temples of [[Orissa]], the palace was erected between [[1907]] and [[1910]]. It still stands today and remains one of the finest examples of early creative use of [[concrete]], of which it was entirely built. The chosen neighbourhood boasted some of the wealthiest Egyptian residences; to his left facing Avenue Baron was the Arabesque palace, now military headquarters, but originally the home of Boghos and Marie [[Nubar Pasha]]. It was the Pasha who assisted Baron Empain in purchasing the 6,000 acres of empty desert at one pound each on which he built Heliopolis. Diagonally opposite stands the former residence of [[Sultan Hussein Kamel]], who reigned over Egypt between 1914 and 1917. Today, that is a presidential guest house.

Modern Heliopolis, was originally filled mostly with foreigners and native [[Coptic Christianity|Egyptian Christians]]; over time, it became home to much of Cairo's educated middle class. As Cairo has grown the once large distance between Heliopolis and Cairo has vanished and it is now well inside the city. Because of the large growth in population the original gardens that filled the city have mostly been built over.

{{Districts of Cairo}}

[[Category:Cities in Egypt]]

[[ar:مصر الجديدة]]
[[de:Heliopolis]]
[[eo:Heliopolo]]
[[fr:Héliopolis (Égypte)]]
[[nl:Heliopolis (Egypte)]]
[[ja:ヘリオポリス]]
[[pt:Heliópolis (Egipto)]]
[[fi:Heliopolis]]
[[sv:Heliopolis]]

Heliopolis (Stadtteil)

2006-03-24T13:36:32Z

Markh: Split article to create 2 articles for modern and ancient towns

Modern Heliopolis is a district of [[Cairo]], [[Egypt]].

Miṣr al-ǧidīdah, modern Heliopolis, was established by the [[Cairo Electric Railways & Heliopolis Oases Company|Heliopolis Oasis Company]], headed by the [[Belgium|Belgian]] industrialist Édouard Louis Joseph, ''[[Baron]]'' [[Empain]], beginning in [[1905]]. The Baron, a well known amateur [[Egyptologist]] and prominent European entrepreneur, arrived in Egypt in January [[1904]], intending to rescue one of his Belgian company's projects in [[Egypt]]; the construction of a railway line linking Matariya to [[Port Said]]. Despite losing the railway contract to the British, [[Empain]] stayed on in Egypt; a decision due to his love of the desert and/or relationship with Yvette Boghdadli, one of Cairo's most beautiful socialites.

In [[1905]], Empain established the Heliopolis Oasis Company, which bought a large stretch of desert some distance to the northwest of Cairo at a low price from the colonial government. His efforts culminated in 1907 with the building of the new town of Heliopolis, in the desert ten kilometers from the center of [[Cairo]]. It was designed as a "city of luxury and leisure", with broad avenues and equipped with all necessary conveniences and infrastructure; water, drains, electricity, hotel facilities, such as the Palace Hotel and Heliopolis House, and recreational amenities including a golf course, racetrack and park. In addition there was housing for rent, offered in a range of innovative design types targeting specific social classes with detached and terraced villas, apartment buildings, tenement blocks with balcony access and workers' bungalows.

The new city also represented the first large scale attempt to promote what later came to be called the "modern Arab style", known in its own day as the "Moorish style". [[Empain]]'s own residence however, adopted a very unique style. [[Alexander Marcel]], a French architect and a member of the prestigious [[French Institute]], was commissioned by [[Empain]] to build him a [[Hindu]] palace. Modelled on [[Angkor Wat]] in [[Cambodia]] and the [[Hindu]] temples of [[Orissa]], the palace was erected between [[1907]] and [[1910]]. It still stands today and remains one of the finest examples of early creative use of [[concrete]], of which it was entirely built. The chosen neighbourhood boasted some of the wealthiest Egyptian residences; to his left facing Avenue Baron was the Arabesque palace, now military headquarters, but originally the home of Boghos and Marie [[Nubar Pasha]]. It was the Pasha who assisted Baron Empain in purchasing the 6,000 acres of empty desert at one pound each on which he built Heliopolis. Diagonally opposite stands the former residence of [[Sultan Hussein Kamel]], who reigned over Egypt between 1914 and 1917. Today, that is a presidential guest house.

Modern Heliopolis, was originally filled mostly with foreigners and native [[Coptic Christianity|Egyptian Christians]]; over time, it became home to much of Cairo's educated middle class. As Cairo has grown the once large distance between Heliopolis and Cairo has vanished and it is now well inside the city. Because of the large growth in population the original gardens that filled the city have mostly been built over.

{{Districts of Cairo}}

[[Category:Cities in Egypt]]

[[ar:مصر الجديدة]]
[[de:Heliopolis]]
[[eo:Heliopolo]]
[[fr:Héliopolis (Égypte)]]
[[nl:Heliopolis (Egypte)]]
[[ja:ヘリオポリス]]
[[pt:Heliópolis (Egipto)]]
[[fi:Heliopolis]]
[[sv:Heliopolis]]

Juja (Ägypter)

2006-03-07T18:46:20Z

Markh: Tidy up footnotes and (web) references

{{Template:Hiero|Yuya |<hiero>i-i-w-i-A</hiero>|align=left|era=egypt}}
[[Image:Tuyayuya.jpg|right|300px|thumb| Yuya (left), suspected of being foreign, compared with his Egyptian wife Tuya (right). Both were found in the same tomb]]

'''Yuya''' (sometimes transliterated as '''Iouiya''') also known as Yaa, Ya, Yiya, Yayi, Yu, Yuyu, Yaya, Yiay, Yia, Yuy{{ref|reference2}}, and possibly Joseph{{ref|reference2}} and Yussef{{ref|reference3}}, was a powerful [[Ancient Egypt|Egyptian]] courtier of the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]] (circa [[1400s BCE|1400 BCE]]). Scholars have narrowed his birth from between 1453 and 1438 BCE and his death between 1393 and 1378 BCE. {{ref|reference4}} He served as a key adviser for [[Pharaoh]] [[Amenhotep III]] (father of [[Akhenaten]]) and is the only person in Egyptian history to have been granted the title "Beloved Father of Pharaoh".

Yuya married [[Tjuyu]], an Egyptian noblewoman descended from [[Ahmose Nefertari]], and was the father of [[Tiy]]e, who became Amenhotep's [[Great Royal Wife]]{{ref|reference5}}. Some scholars speculate that they also may have been the parents of [[Ay]], an Egyptian general active during the reign of Yuya's grandson Pharaoh [[Akhenaten]], and who eventually became pharaoh himself, as ''Kheperkheprure Ay''. That Ay was Yuya's son is just one of many theories debated among archeologists.

Together with his wife, Yuya was buried in the [[Valley of the Kings]], in [[KV46]], where their largely unpillaged remains were found in [[1905]]{{ref|reference6}}.

==List of Honors==
Yuya was given the following honors {{ref|reference7}}:
* Father of the Holy Father
* The holy father of the Lord of the Two Lands (the Pharoah is known as the Lord of the Two Lands)
* Master of the Horse
* Deputy of His Majesty in the Chariotry
* Bearer of the ring of the King of Lower Egypt
* Seal-bearer of the King of Lower Egypt
* Hereditary Noble and Count
* Overseer of the Cattle of Min, Lord of Akhmim
* Overseer of the Cattle of Amun
* Favorite of the Good God
* Confidant of the King
* Confidant of the Good God
* Mouth of the King of Upper Egypt
* Ears of the King of Lower Egypt
* Prophet of the God Min
* Unique Friend
* First of the Friends
* Prince
* Great Prince
* Great of Love
* Plentiful of Favors in the House of the King
* Plentiful of Favors under his Lord
* Enduring of Love under his Lord
* Beloved of the King of Upper Egypt
* Beloved of the King of Lower Egypt
* Beloved of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Beloved of God
* Possessor of Favor under the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised of the Good God
* Praised of his God
* Praised of his Lord
* Praised of his Lord Amun
* Praised of the King
* Praised of the Lord of the Two Lands
* Praised One who came forth from the Body Praised
* One made rich by the King of Lower Egypt
* One made great by the King of Lower Egypt
* One made great by the Lord who does things
* First among the King's Companions
* The Wise One
* He whom the King made Great and Wise, whom the King has made his double.

==Yuya and Joseph==
[[Image:Yuya-second and inner coffins.jpg|left|thumb|The second and inner coffins of Yuya's mummy.]]
Yuya's facial features, as observed on his [[mummy]], have led some [[archaeologist]]s to postulate that he was actually [[Asiatic]] in origin. Some scholars have gone so far as to connect Yuya with the biblical story of [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]], a son of [[Jacob]] and [[Rachel]]. They point out, ''inter alia'', that the [[hieroglyph]] for "ya" is extremely similar to that for "sef", and thus that the name should in fact be read "Yusef"{{fact}},

This view is opposed by Biblical literalists who note that the book of [[Exodus]] in the [[Torah]] states that the Israelites brought Joseph's bones out of Egypt. Thus, since Yuya's body was found in Egypt in the [[Valley of the Kings]], they claim that it is impossible that he is indeed Joseph. Those who do not accept the total historical accuracy of the Bible respond that Joseph may have been a composite of more than one individual, or that the part about his body's removal to [[Canaan]] may have been a later insertion.{{fact}}

Mainstream Egyptologists do not take these speculations seriously, noting that what we know of Yuya's family suggests that they did not come from Asia, but from the regional nobility of [[Akhmim]], in [[Upper Egypt]].

The claim about the hieroglyphs in Yuya's name being misread is also rejected by mainstream [[archaeology]]. The "ya" in his name is, in fact, two hieroglyphs, not one; and there is no single hieroglyph for "sef" in Egyptian. Hieroglyphs for "set" or "seth" look like a throne seat and a shoulder knot respectively, and do not in any way resemble a combination of a reed leaf and a vulture used for "ya".

[[Image:Yuya-outer coffin.jpg|thumb|right|An excavation assistant beside the 2.75 meter outer coffin shortly after exacation.]]

==Footnotes==
#{{note|reference1}} (Osman p. 113)
#{{note|reference2}} (Osman p. 3)
#{{note|reference3}} (Osman p. 42)
#{{note|reference4}} (Osman p. 56)
#{{note|reference5}} (Osman p. 15)
#{{note|reference6}} (Osman p. 8)
#{{note|reference7}} (Osman pp. 14-5)

==References==
* Osman, Ahmed. <cite>The Hebrew Pharaohs of Egypt.</cite> Rochester: Bear and Company, 1987.
* Winsten, Joseph. <cite>Moses Meets Israel: The Origins of One God.</cite> Rumford Inc., 1999.

==External links==
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyatb.htm|
title=An account of the discovery of Yuya's tomb|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/yuyat.htm|
title=Yuya and Tjuyu tomb gallery|
work=Tour Egypt}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://anubis4_2000.tripod.com/mummypages1/18B.htm|
title=Discussion and images of the mummies of Yuya and Tjuyu|
work=Tripod homepage}}
* {{cite web|accessdate=March 2|accessyear=2006|
url=http://dwij.org/forum/amarna/3_joseph.html|
title=Ahmed Osman attempts to prove that Yuya was Joseph|
work=Ahmed Osman}}

==See also==
* [[Ancient Egypt]]
* [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
* [[Joseph]]
* [[Tiy]]e
* [[Tjuyu]]

{{Ancient Egyptians}}

[[Category:Ancient Egyptians]]
[[Category:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]
[[Category:Judaism]]

Juja (Ägypter)

2006-03-06T18:30:08Z

Markh: Correct link to Akhmim

Juja (Ägypter)

2006-03-06T11:58:24Z

Markh: Split References and External links

Juja (Ägypter)

2006-03-05T10:44:29Z

Markh: Try and get references for 'facts'

Juja (Ägypter)

2005-07-25T18:36:52Z

Markh: Added name in heiro

[[Image:Yuya-outer coffin.jpg|thumb|right|An excavation assistant beside the 2.75 meter outer coffin shortly after exacation.]]

{{Template:Hiero|Yuya |<hiero>i-i-w-i-A</hiero>|align=left|era=egypt}}

'''Yuya''' (sometimes transliterated as '''Iouiya''') was a powerful [[Egyptian]] courtier of the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]] (circa [[1400s BCE|1400 BCE]]). He served as a key adviser for [[Pharaoh]] [[Amenhotep III]] (father of [[Akhenaten]]) and is the only person in Egyptian history to have been granted the title "Beloved Father of Pharaoh".

Yuya married [[Tjuyu]], an Egyptian noblewoman descended from [[Ahmose Nefertari]], and was the father of [[Tiy]], who became Amenhotep's principal wife. Some scholars speculate that they also may have been the parents of [[Ay]], an Egyptian general active during the reign of Yuya's grandson Pharaoh [[Akhenaton]] who eventually became pharaoh himself, as ''Kheperkheprure Ay''. That Ay was Yuya's son is just one of many theories debated among archeologists.

Together with his wife, Yuya was buried in the [[Valley of the Kings]], in [[KV46]], where their largely unpillaged remains were found in 1905.

==Yuya and Joseph==
[[Image:Yuya-second and inner coffins.jpg|left|thumb|The second and inner coffins of Yuya's mummy.]]
Yuya's facial features, as observed on his [[mummy]], have led many [[archaeologist]]s to postulate that he was actually [[Asiatic]] in origin. Some scholars have gone so far as to connect Yuya with the biblical story of [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]]. They point out, ''inter alia'', that the [[hieroglyph]] for "ya" is extremely similar to that for "sef", and thus that the name should in fact be read "Yusef". This view is opposed by some who note that the book of Exodus in the Bible states that the Israelites brought Joseph's bones out of Egypt. Thus, since Yuya's body was found in Egypt in the Valley of the Kings, they claim that it is impossible that he is indeed Joseph. Those who do not accept the total historical accuracy of the Bible respond that Joseph may have been a composite of more than one individual, or that the part about his body's removal to [[Canaan]] may have been a later insertion.

==Resources==
* Winsten, Joseph. ''Moses Meets Israel: The Origins of One God.'' Rumford Inc., 1999.

[[Category:Ancient Egypt]]
[[Category:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]

{{Ancient Egyptians}}

Juja (Ägypter)

2005-07-22T13:25:19Z

Markh: Added details of burial

[[Image:Yuya-outer coffin.jpg|thumb|right|An excavation assistant beside the 2.75 meter outer coffin shortly after exacation.]]
[[Image:Yuya-second and inner coffins.jpg|left|thumb|The second and inner coffins of Yuya's mummy.]]
'''Yuya''' (sometimes transliterated as '''Iouiya''') was a powerful [[Egyptian]] courtier of the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]] (circa [[1400s BCE|1400 BCE]]). He served as a key adviser for [[Pharaoh]] [[Amenhotep III]] (father of [[Akhenaten]]) and is one of the only people in Egyptian history to be granted the title "Beloved Father of Pharaoh."

Yuya married [[Tjuyu]], an Egyptian noblewoman descended from [[Ahmose Nefertari]], and was the father of [[Tiy]], who became Amenhotep's principle wife.

Yuya's facial features, as observed on his [[mummy]], have led many [[archaeologist]]s to postulate that he was actually [[Asiatic]] in origin. Some scholars have gone so far as to connect Yuya with the biblical story of [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]]. They point out, ''inter alia'', that the [[hieroglyph]] for "ya" is extremely similar to that for "sef," and thus that the name should in fact be read "Yusef". The issue is largely unresolved.

Together with his wife, Yuya was buried in the [[Valley of the Kings]], in [[KV46]], where their largely unpillaged remains were found in 1905

==Resources==
* Winsten, Joseph. ''Moses Meets Israel: The Origins of One God.'' Rumford Inc., 1999.

[[Category:Ancient Egypt]]
[[Category:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]

Juja (Ägypter)

2005-07-22T13:18:48Z

Markh: Added alternative name

[[Image:Yuya-outer coffin.jpg|thumb|right|An excavation assistant beside the 2.75 meter outer coffin shortly after exacation.]]
[[Image:Yuya-second and inner coffins.jpg|left|thumb|The second and inner coffins of Yuya's mummy.]]
'''Yuya''' (sometimes transliterated as '''Iouiya''') was a powerful [[Egyptian]] courtier of the [[Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]] (circa [[1400s BCE|1400 BCE]]). He served as a key adviser for [[Pharaoh]] [[Amenhotep III]] (father of [[Akhenaten]]) and is one of the only people in Egyptian history to be granted the title "Beloved Father of Pharaoh."

Yuya married [[Tjuyu]], an Egyptian noblewoman descended from [[Ahmose Nefertari]], and was the father of [[Tiy]], who became Amenhotep's principle wife.

Yuya's facial features, as observed on his [[mummy]], have led many [[archaeologist]]s to postulate that he was actually [[Asiatic]] in origin. Some scholars have gone so far as to connect Yuya with the biblical story of [[Joseph (Hebrew Bible)|Joseph]]. They point out, ''inter alia'', that the [[hieroglyph]] for "ya" is extremely similar to that for "sef," and thus that the name should in fact be read "Yusef". The issue is largely unresolved.

==Resources==
* Winsten, Joseph. ''Moses Meets Israel: The Origins of One God.'' Rumford Inc., 1999.

[[Category:Ancient Egypt]]
[[Category:Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt]]