Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Pepper (Roboter)

2014-11-01T13:44:11Z

Linuxjava:

'''Pepper''' is a [[humanoid robot]] by [[Aldebaran Robotics]] and [[SoftBank Mobile]] designed with the ability to read emotions. It was introduced in a conference on 5th June 2014, and has been showcased to the public at Softbank mobile stores in Japan since 6th June.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.theverge.com/2014/6/5/5781628/softbank-announces-pepper-robot |title=SoftBank announces emotional robots to staff its stores and watch your baby – {{resize|Pepper will go on sale for under $2,000 in February}} |date=5 June 2014 |website=theverge.com |last=Byford |first=Sam |publisher=[[Vox Media]] |accessdate=11 June 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2014/06/05/business/corporate-business/softbank-unveils-pepper-worlds-first-robot-reads-emotions/#.U5hbI_m1ZbU |title=SoftBank unveils ‘historic’ robot – {{resize|Cloud-linked machine reads emotions, can 'learn,' company says}} |date=5 June 2014 |website=japantimes.com |publisher=[[The Japan Times]] |language=en |last=Nagata |first=Kazuaki |accessdate=11 June 2014 }}</ref> It will be available on February 2015 at a base price of JPY 198,000 ($1,931) at Softbank Mobile {{nowrap|stores.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.zdnet.com/softbank-aldebaran-launch-pepper-an-emotional-robot-7000030260/ |title=Softbank, Aldebaran launch Pepper, an emotional robot |date=5 June 2014 |website=zdnet.com |last=Dignan |first=Larry |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |accessdate=10 June 2014 }}</ref> }} Pepper's emotion comes from the ability to analyze expressions and voice tones.

== Design ==
The robot’s head has four microphones, two HD cameras (in the mouth and forehead), and a 3-D [[depth sensor]] (behind the eyes). There’s a [[gyroscope]] in the torso and touch sensors in the head and hands. The mobile base has two [[sonars]], six [[lasers]], three bumper sensors, and a gyro.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aldebaran.com/en/press/press-releases/softbank-mobile-and-aldebaran-unveil-pepper |title=SoftBank Mobile and Aldebaran unveil “Pepper” |date=5 June 2014 |website=aldebaran.com |publisher=[[Aldebaran Robotics]], a division of [[SoftBank Group]] |accessdate=11 June 2014 }}</ref>

===Specifications===
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" cellpadding="2" align="left" class="wikitable"
|-
!bgcolor="#87CEEB" colspan="2"|Pepper
|-
|Dimensions||{{flatlist|
* Height: {{convert|1210|mm|ft|0}}
* Depth: {{convert|425|mm|in|0}}
* Width: {{convert|485|mm|in|0}}
}}
|-
|Weight||{{convert|28|kg|lb}}
|-
|Battery||[[Lithium-ion battery]]

Capacity: 30.0Ah/795Wh

Operation time: approx. 12hrs (when used at shop)
|-
|Head Sensors||Mic x 4, RGB camera x 2, 3D sensor x 1, Touch sensor x 3
|-
|Chest Sensor||Gyro sensor x 1

|-
|Hands Sensors||Touch sensor x 2
|-
|Legs Sensors||Sonar sensor x 2, Laser sensor x 6, Bumper sensor x 3, Gyro sensor x 1
|-
|Moving parts||Degrees of motion

Head (2°), Shoulder (2°) (L&R), Elbow (2 rotations) (L&R), Wrist (1°) (L&R), hand 5 fingers (1°) (L&R), Hip (2°), knee (1°), base (3°)

20 Motors
|-
|Platform||[[NAOqi OS]]
|-
|Networking||[[Wi-Fi]]: IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n (2.4GHz/5GHz）

[[Ethernet]] x1 (10/100/1000 base T)
|-
|Motion speed||Up to {{convert|3|km/h|mph|0}}
|-
|Climbing||Up to {{convert|1.5|cm|in|1}}
|}
{{clear}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Humanoid robots}}

[[Category:Bipedal humanoid robots]]
[[Category:Robots of France]]

Erik Meijer (Informatiker)

2014-08-19T17:15:43Z

Linuxjava:

[[File:ErikMeijer.jpg|thumb|Erik Meijer]]

'''Erik Meijer''' (born 18 April 1963, [[Curaçao]]) is a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] [[computer scientist]] and entrepreneur. From 2000 to early 2013 he was a [[software architect]] for Microsoft where he headed the ''Cloud Programmability Team''.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://channel9.msdn.com/Shows/Going+Deep/Erik-Meijer-and-Team-Cloud-Data-Programmability-Connecting-the-Distributed-Dots |title=Erik Meijer and Team: Cloud Data Programmability - Connecting the Distributed Dots | Going Deep | Channel 9 |publisher=Channel9.msdn.com |date=2010-01-22 |accessdate=2013-10-17}}</ref> He then founded Applied Duality Inc.<ref>Applied Duality Inc. http://www.applied-duality.com/</ref> in 2013.
Before that, he was an associate professor at [[Utrecht University]]. He received his Ph.D from [[Radboud University Nijmegen|Nijmegen University]] in 1992.

Meijer's research has included the areas of [[functional programming]]
(particularly [[Haskell (programming language)|Haskell]]<ref>Haskell 98 Language and Libraries: The Revised Report; December 2002. http://www.haskell.org/onlinereport/</ref>)
[[compiler]] implementation, [[parsing]], [[programming language design]], [[XML]], and [[foreign function interfaces]].

His work at Microsoft included C#, Visual Basic, [[LINQ]], [[Microsoft Live Labs Volta|Volta]], and the [[Reactive programming]] framework (Reactive Extensions) for .NET.

In 2009, he was the recipient of the Microsoft ''Outstanding Technical Leadership'' Award<ref>[http://www.microsoft.com/about/technicalrecognition/Erik-Meijer.aspx 2009 Outstanding Technical Leadership Awards.] Microsoft, 2009.</ref> and in 2007 the Outstanding Technical Achievement Award as a member of the C# team.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.microsoft.com/about/technicalrecognition/Visual-Team.aspx |title=Microsoft TCN - Awards and Recognitions |publisher=Microsoft.com |date= |accessdate=2013-10-17}}</ref>

Meijer lived in the [[Netherlands Antilles]] until the age 14 when his father retired from his current job and the family moved back to the [[Netherlands]].<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://channel9.msdn.com/shows/Behind+The+Code/Erik-Meijer-Rebel-with-a-Cause-Democratizing-the-Machine/ |title=Erik Meijer: Rebel with a Cause | Behind The Code | Channel 9 |publisher=Channel9.msdn.com |date=2010-03-04 |accessdate=2013-10-17}}</ref>

In 2011 Erik Meijer was appointed part-time professor of Cloud Programming within the [http://www.se.ewi.tudelft.nl Software Engineering Research Group] at [[Delft University of Technology]].<ref>http://home.tudelft.nl/en/current/latest-news/article/detail/microsoft-software-ontwikkelaar-erik-meijer-wordt-deeltijdhoogleraar/</ref> He is also member of the ACM Queue Editorial Board.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://queue.acm.org/editorialboardx.cfm |title=Editorial Board - ACM Queue |publisher=Queue.acm.org |date= |accessdate=2013-10-17}}</ref> Since 2013 he is also Honorary Professor of Programming Language Design at the [http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/computerscience/index.aspx School of Computer Science] of the [[University of Nottingham]], associated with the [http://fp.cs.nott.ac.uk/ Functional Programming Laboratory].

In early 2013 Erik Meijer left Microsoft and started [http://www.applied-duality.com Applied Duality Incorporated].

He teaches a course on the [[MOOC]] provider, [[Coursera]], called Principles of Reactive Programming.<ref>https://www.coursera.org/course/reactive</ref>

==References==
{{cleanup-bare URLs|date=January 2013}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Erik Meijer (computer scientist)}}
*{{nl icon}} {{cite web
| title = Erik Meijer: we leven in het stenen tijdperk
| work = Video's - Tweakers
| accessdate = 2013-03-28
| date = 2012-02-18
| url = http://tweakers.net/video/4892/erik-meijer-we-leven-in-het-stenen-tijdperk.html
}}
* {{en icon}} [https://twitter.com/headinthebox Erik Meijer's twitter account, @headinthebox]
* {{en icon}} List of [http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/indices/a-tree/m/Meijer:Erik.html Erik Meijer's publications] available from [[DBLP]].

{{Authority control |VIAF=114406969 |LCCN=n/95/47818 }}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Meijer, Erik
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Dutch computer scientist
| DATE OF BIRTH = 18 April 1963
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Meijer, Erik}}
[[Category:1963 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Dutch computer scientists]]
[[Category:Functional programming]]
[[Category:Programming language researchers]]
[[Category:Radboud University Nijmegen alumni]]
[[Category:Utrecht University alumni]]
[[Category:Delft University of Technology faculty]]
[[Category:Microsoft employees]]

Pepper (Roboter)

2014-06-12T09:46:59Z

Linuxjava:

{{Article for deletion/dated|page=Pepper (robot)|timestamp=20140611043315|year=2014|month=June|day=11|substed=yes|help=off}}


'''Pepper''' is a [[humanoid robot]] by [[Aldebaran Robotics]] and [[SoftBank Mobile]] designed with the ability to read emotions. It was introduced in a conference on 5th June, and has been showcased to the public at Softbank mobile stores in Japan since 6th June.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.theverge.com/2014/6/5/5781628/softbank-announces-pepper-robot |title=SoftBank announces emotional robots to staff its stores and watch your baby – {{resize|Pepper will go on sale for under $2,000 in February}} |date=5 June 2014 |website=theverge.com |last=Byford |first=Sam |publisher=[[Vox Media]] |accessdate=11 June 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2014/06/05/business/corporate-business/softbank-unveils-pepper-worlds-first-robot-reads-emotions/#.U5hbI_m1ZbU |title=SoftBank unveils ‘historic’ robot – {{resize|Cloud-linked machine reads emotions, can 'learn,' company says}} |date=5 June 2014 |website=japantimes.com |publisher=[[The Japan Times]] |language=en |last=Nagata |first=Kazuaki |accessdate=11 June 2014 }}</ref> It will be available on February 2015 at a base price of JPY 198,000 ($1,931) at Softbank Mobile {{nowrap|stores.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.zdnet.com/softbank-aldebaran-launch-pepper-an-emotional-robot-7000030260/ |title=Softbank, Aldebaran launch Pepper, an emotional robot |date=5 June 2014 |website=zdnet.com |last=Dignan |first=Larry |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |accessdate=10 June 2014 }}</ref> }} Pepper's emotion comes from the ability to analyze expressions and voice tones.

== Design ==
The robot’s head has four microphones, two HD cameras (in the mouth and forehead), and a 3-D [[depth sensor]] (behind the eyes). There’s a [[gyroscope]] in the torso and touch sensors in the head and hands. The mobile base has two [[sonars]], six [[lasers]], three bumper sensors, and a gyro.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aldebaran.com/en/press/press-releases/softbank-mobile-and-aldebaran-unveil-pepper |title=SoftBank Mobile and Aldebaran unveil “Pepper” |date=5 June 2014 |website=aldebaran.com |publisher=[[Aldebaran Robotics]], a division of [[SoftBank Group]] |accessdate=11 June 2014 }}</ref>

===Specifications===
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" cellpadding="2" align="left" class="wikitable"
|-
!bgcolor="#87CEEB" colspan="2"|Pepper
|-
|Dimensions||{{flatlist|
* Height: {{convert|1210|mm|ft|0}}
* Depth: {{convert|425|mm|in|0}}
* Width: {{convert|485|mm|in|0}}
}}
|-
|Weight||{{convert|28|kg|lb}}
|-
|Battery||[[Lithium-ion battery]]

Capacity: 30.0Ah/795Wh

Operation time: approx. 12hrs (when used at shop)
|-
|Head Sensors||Mic x 4, RGB camera x 2, 3D sensor x 1, Touch sensor x 3
|-
|Chest Sensor||Gyro sensor x 1

|-
|Hands Sensors||Touch sensor x 2
|-
|Legs Sensors||Sonar sensor x 2, Laser sensor x 6, Bumper sensor x 3, Gyro sensor x 1
|-
|Moving parts||Degrees of motion

Head (2°), Shoulder (2°) (L&R), Elbow (2 rotations) (L&R), Wrist (1°) (L&R), hand 5 fingers (1°) (L&R), Hip (2°), knee (1°), base (3°)

20 Motors
|-
|Platform||[[NAOqi OS]]
|-
|Networking||[[Wi-Fi]]: IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n (2.4GHz/5GHz）

[[Ethernet]] x1 (10/100/1000 base T)
|-
|Motion speed||Up to {{convert|3|km/h|mph|0}}
|-
|Climbing||Up to {{convert|1.5|cm|in|1}}
|}
{{clear}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Humanoid robots}}

[[Category:Bipedal humanoid robots]]
[[Category:Robots of France]]

Pepper (Roboter)

2014-06-10T20:55:46Z

Linuxjava: Linuxjava moved page Pepper (Robot) to Pepper (robot): Correct case

Pepper is a [[humanoid robot]] by [[Aldebaran Robotics]] and [[SoftBank Mobile]] designed to read emotions. It will be available on February 2015 at a base price of JPY 198,000 ($1,931) at Softbank Mobile stores.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.zdnet.com/softbank-aldebaran-launch-pepper-an-emotional-robot-7000030260/|title = Softbank, Aldebaran launch Pepper, an emotional robot|date = 5th June 2014|accessdate = 10th June 2014|website = zdnet.com|publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref> Pepper's emotion comes from the ability to analyze expressions and voice tones.

== Design ==
The robot’s head has four microphones, two HD cameras (in the mouth and forehead), and a 3-D [[depth sensor]] (behind the eyes). There’s a [[gyroscope]] in the torso and touch sensors in the head and hands. The mobile base has two [[sonars]], six [[lasers]], three bumper sensors, and a gyro.

===Specifications===
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" cellpadding="2" align="left" class="wikitable"
|-
!bgcolor="#87CEEB" colspan="2"|Pepper
|-
|Dimensions||1210mm (height) x 425mm (depth) x 485mm (width)
|-
|Weight||{{convert|28|kg|lb}}
|-
|Battery||[[Lithium-ion battery]]

Capacity: 30.0Ah/795Wh

Operation time: approx. over 12hrs (when using at shop)
|-
|Head Sensors||Mic x 4, RGB camera x 2, 3D sensor x 1, Touch sensor x 3
|-
|Chest Sensor||Gyro sensor x 1

|-
|Hands Sensors||Touch sensor x 2
|-
|Legs Sensors||Sonar sensor x 2, Laser sensor x 6, Bumper sensor x 3, Gyro sensor x 1
|-
|Moving parts||Degrees of motion

Head (2°), Shoulder (2°) (L&R), Elbow (2 rotations) (L&R), Wrist (1°) (L&R), hand 5 fingers (1°) (L&R), Hip (2°), knee (1°), base (3°)

20 Motors
|-
|Platform||[[NAOqi OS]]
|-
|Networking||[[Wi-Fi]]: IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n (2.4GHz/5GHz）

[[Ethernet]] x1 (10/100/1000 base T)
|-
|Motion speed||Up to 3km/h
|-
|Climbing||Up to 1.5cm
|}
{{clear}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Humanoid robots}}

[[Category:Bipedal humanoid robots]]
[[Category:Robots of France]]

Pepper (Roboter)

2014-06-10T20:45:50Z

Linuxjava: Added references

Pepper (Roboter)

2014-06-10T20:38:07Z

Linuxjava:

Pepper is a humanoid robot by [[Aldebaran Robotics]] and SoftBank Mobile designed to read emotions. It will be available on February 2015 at a base price of JPY 198,000 ($1,931) at Softbank Mobile stores.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.zdnet.com/softbank-aldebaran-launch-pepper-an-emotional-robot-7000030260/|title = Softbank, Aldebaran launch Pepper, an emotional robot|date = 5th June 2014|accessdate = 10th June 2014|website = zdnet.com|publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref> Pepper's emotion comes from the ability to analyze expressions and voice tones.

== Design ==
The robot’s head has four microphones, two HD cameras (in the mouth and forehead), and a 3-D depth sensor (behind the eyes). There’s a [[gyroscope]] in the torso and touch sensors in the head and hands. The mobile base has two sonars, six lasers, three bumper sensors, and a gyro.

===Specifications===
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" cellpadding="2" align="left" class="wikitable"
|-
!bgcolor="#87CEEB" colspan="2"|Pepper
|-
|Dimensions||1210mm (height) x 425mm (depth) x 485mm (width)
|-
|Weight||{{convert|28|kg|lb}}
|-
|Battery||Lithium-ion battery

Capacity: 30.0Ah/795Wh

Operation time: approx. over 12hrs (when using at shop)
|-
|Head Sensors||Mic x 4, RGB camera x 2, 3D sensor x 1, Touch sensor x 3
|-
|Chest Sensor||Gyro sensor x 1

|-
|Hands Sensors||Touch sensor x 2
|-
|Legs Sensors||Sonar sensor x 2, Laser sensor x 6, Bumper sensor x 3, Gyro sensor x 1
|-
|Moving parts||Degrees of motion

Head (2°), Shoulder (2°) (L&R), Elbow (2 rotations) (L&R), Wrist (1°) (L&R), hand 5 fingers (1°) (L&R), Hip (2°), knee (1°), base (3°)

20 Motors
|-
|Platform||[[NAOqi OS]]
|-
|Networking||Wi-Fi: IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n (2.4GHz/5GHz）

Ethernet x1 (10/100/1000 base T)
|-
|Motion speed||Up to 3km/h
|-
|Climbing||Up to 1.5cm
|}
{{clear}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Humanoid robots}}

[[Category:Bipedal humanoid robots]]
[[Category:Robots of France]]

Pepper (Roboter)

2014-06-10T20:33:42Z

Linuxjava:

Pepper is a humanoid robot by [[Aldebaran Robotics]] and SoftBank Mobile designed to read emotions. It will be available on February 2015 at a base price of JPY 198,000 ($1,931) at Softbank Mobile stores.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.zdnet.com/softbank-aldebaran-launch-pepper-an-emotional-robot-7000030260/|title = Softbank, Aldebaran launch Pepper, an emotional robot|date = 5th June 2014|accessdate = 10th June 2014|website = zdnet.com|publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref> Pepper's emotion comes from the ability to analyze expressions and voice tones.

== Design ==
The robot’s head has four microphones, two HD cameras (in the mouth and forehead), and a 3-D depth sensor (behind the eyes). There’s a [[gyroscope]] in the torso and touch sensors in the head and hands. The mobile base has two sonars, six lasers, three bumper sensors, and a gyro.

===Specifications===
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" cellpadding="2" align="left" class="wikitable"
|-
!bgcolor="#87CEEB" colspan="2"|Pepper
|-
|Dimensions||1210mm (height) x 425mm (depth) x 485mm (width)
|-
|Weight||{{convert|28|kg|lb}}
|-
|Battery||Lithium-ion battery

Capacity: 30.0Ah/795Wh

Operation time: approx. over 12hrs (when using at shop)
|-
|Head Sensors||Mic x 4, RGB camera x 2, 3D sensor x 1, Touch sensor x 3
|-
|Chest Sensor||Gyro sensor x 1

|-
|Hands Sensors||Touch sensor x 2
|-
|Legs Sensors||Sonar sensor x 2, Laser sensor x 6, Bumper sensor x 3, Gyro sensor x 1
|-
|Moving parts||Degrees of motion

Head (2°), Shoulder (2°) (L&R), Elbow (2 rotations) (L&R), Wrist (1°) (L&R), hand 5 fingers (1°) (L&R), Hip (2°), knee (1°), base (3°)

20 Motors
|-
|Platform||[[NAOqi OS]]
|-
|Networking||Wi-Fi: IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n (2.4GHz/5GHz）

Ethernet x1 (10/100/1000 base T)
|-
|Motion speed||Up to 3km/h
|-
|Climbing||Up to 1.5cm
|}
{{clear}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Bipedal humanoid robots]]
[[Category:Robots of France]]
[[Category:Soccer robots]]

Pepper (Roboter)

2014-06-10T20:30:25Z

Linuxjava:

Pepper is a humanoid robot by Aldebaran Robotics and SoftBank Mobile designed to read emotions. It will be available on February 2015 at a base price of JPY 198,000 ($1,931) at Softbank Mobile stores.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.zdnet.com/softbank-aldebaran-launch-pepper-an-emotional-robot-7000030260/|title = Softbank, Aldebaran launch Pepper, an emotional robot|date = 5th June 2014|accessdate = 10th June 2014|website = zdnet.com|publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref> Pepper's emotion comes from the ability to analyze expressions and voice tones.

== Design ==
The robot’s head has four microphones, two HD cameras (in the mouth and forehead), and a 3-D depth sensor (behind the eyes). There’s a gyroscope in the torso and touch sensors in the head and hands. The mobile base has two sonars, six lasers, three bumper sensors, and a gyro, and it can drive at up to 3 kilometers per hour.

===Specifications===
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" cellpadding="2" align="left" class="wikitable"
|-
!bgcolor="#87CEEB" colspan="2"|Pepper
|-
|Dimensions||1210mm (height) x 425mm (depth) x 485mm (width)
|-
|Weight||{{convert|28|kg|lb}}
|-
|Battery||Lithium-ion battery

Capacity: 30.0Ah/795Wh

Operation time: approx. over 12hrs (when using at shop)
|-
|Head Sensors||Mic x 4, RGB camera x 2, 3D sensor x 1, Touch sensor x 3
|-
|Chest Sensor||Gyro sensor x 1

|-
|Hands Sensors||Touch sensor x 2
|-
|Legs Sensors||Sonar sensor x 2, Laser sensor x 6, Bumper sensor x 3, Gyro sensor x 1
|-
|Moving parts||Degrees of motion

Head (2°), Shoulder (2°) (L&R), Elbow (2 rotations) (L&R), Wrist (1°) (L&R), hand 5 fingers (1°) (L&R), Hip (2°), knee (1°), base (3°)

20 Motors
|-
|Platform||[[NAOqi OS]]
|-
|Networking||Wi-Fi: IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n (2.4GHz/5GHz）

Ethernet x1 (10/100/1000 base T)
|-
|Motion speed||Up to 3km/h
|-
|Climbing||Up to 1.5cm
|}
{{clear}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

Pepper (Roboter)

2014-06-10T20:12:41Z

Linuxjava:

Pepper (Roboter)

2014-06-10T20:11:09Z

Linuxjava:

2014-05-22T13:05:21Z

Linuxjava:

{{Use British English|date=May 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2013}}
{{Infobox non-profit
| name = Ushahidi, Inc.
| image =
| type = [[501(c)(3)]]
| tax_id = 2652079
| founded_date = 2008
| founder = [[Erik Hersman]], [[Ory Okolloh]], [[Juliana Rotich]], [[David Kobia]]
| location = [[Nairobi]], Kenya
| coordinates =
| origins = [[Crowdsourcing]]
| key_people = [[Erik Hersman]], Juliana Rotich, David Kobia,
| area_served = World
| focus = activism, [[Cartography|mapping]]
| method = [[Cartography|mapping]] and [[geospatial]]
| revenue = $300,000
| endowment = $1,800,000<ref name="tr50">{{cite web |url= http://www.technologyreview.com/companywatch/company/ushahidi/ |title= Top50 Private Web Companies}}</ref>
| num_volunteers = 50
| num_employees = 29
| owner = Ushahidi, Inc.
| non-profit_slogan = Crowdsourcing Crisis Information
| former name =
| homepage = {{URL|ushahidi.com}}
| dissolved =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Ushahidi, Inc.''' is a non-profit software company that develops free and [[Open source|open-source]] software ([[LGPL]]) for information collection, visualisation, and interactive mapping.
Ushahidi ([[Swahili language|Swahili]] for "testimony" or "witness") created a website (http://legacy.ushahidi.com) in the aftermath of Kenya's disputed 2007 presidential election (see [[2007–2008 Kenyan crisis]]) that collected eyewitness reports of violence reported by email and text message and placed them on a [[Google Maps]] map.<ref name="forbes">{{cite news |url= http://www.forbes.com/global/2008/1208/114.html |title= Citizen Voices |author= Megha Baree |date= 20 November 2008 |work= Forbes Magazine|accessdate=15 January 2010}}</ref>

The organisation uses the concept of [[crowdsourcing]] for social activism and public accountability, serving as an initial model for what has been coined as "activist mapping"—the combination of social activism, [[citizen journalism]] and [[geospatial]] information. Ushahidi offers products that enable local observers to submit reports using their mobile phones or the internet, while simultaneously creating a temporal and geospatial archive of events.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hh_PiVqf8BA</ref>

==Products==

===Ushahidi===

The Ushahidi platform is built on the [[Kohana (web framework)|Kohana]] web framework, a fork of the [[CodeIgniter#CodeIgniter|CodeIgniter]] framework. It includes support for Nexmo wholesale SMS API and Clickatell SMS Gateway.<ref>http://nexmo.com/</ref><ref>http://clickatell.com/</ref> Furthermore, the official Ushahidi-hosted websites use the commercial service.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.clickatell.com/press/press_article.php/154|title=SMS Helps Provide Instant SOS During Times of Crisis – Clickatell and Ushahidi Urge Support to Haiti }}</ref> Ushahidi provides the option of using [[OpenStreetMap]] maps in its user interface, but requires the [[Google Maps]] API for [[geocoding]]. Ushahidi is often set up using a local SMS gateway created by a local [[FrontlineSMS]] set-up.

==== Releases and codenames ====
* '''1.0 Mogadishu''' – 10 December 2009
* '''1.2 Haiti''' – ~22 January 2010
* '''2.0 Luanda''' – 22 November 2010
* '''2.1 Tunis''' – 9 August 2011
* '''2.2 Juba''' – 13 March 2012
* '''2.3 Juba''' – 24 April 2012

===SwiftRiver===
SwiftRiver is a suite of intelligence and real-time data gathering products that complement Ushahidi's mapping and visualization products. Often referred to as ''the SwiftRiver Initiative'' the goal of the project is "to democratize access to the tools for making sense of information". The project attracted a lot of interest from newsrooms.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kirwan|first=Peter|title=SwiftRiver: Tagging a Crisis|url=http://www.wired.co.uk/magazine/archive/2010/10/start/tagging-a-crisis|accessdate=15 October 2013|newspaper=Wired.co.uk}}</ref> In a recent blog post, Ushahidi seemed to indicate that the project was no longer in active development. "We feel as though we have a great product, that is finally shipped, but lack the resources to keep it going in-house," wrote Hersman. <ref>{{cite web|title=Shipping It, a 2013 Ushahidi Update|url=http://blog.ushahidi.com/2013/10/01/shipping-it-a-2013-ushahidi-update/}}</ref>

SwiftRiver<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wiki.ushahidi.com/doku.php?id=intro|title=Introduction to SwiftRiver }}</ref> is a free and [[Open source|open-source]] platform that helps people make sense of a lot of information in a short amount of time. It was born out of the need to understand and act upon a wave of massive amounts of crisis data that tends to overwhelm in the first 24 hours of a disaster. There has been a great deal of interest in Swift for other industries such as newsrooms, political analysts and marketers as an open-source alternative to more expensive, proprietary intelligence software platforms. The SwiftRiver platform offers applications which combine natural language/artificial intelligence process, [[Data mining|data-mining]] for SMS and Twitter, and verification algorithms for different sources of information.

SwiftRiver has three primary functions:
* Structuring unstructured data
* Conditional filtering and prioritization of real-time content
* Adding context (e.g., location)

===Crowdmap===

Crowdmap<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lifehacker.com/5612368/crowdmap-puts-any-data-on-an-interactive-map|title=Crowdmap Puts Any Data on an Interactive Map}}</ref> is designed and built by the team behind Ushahidi, a platform that was originally built to crowdsource crisis information. As the platform has evolved, so have its uses. Crowdmap now allows users to set up their own deployments of Ushahidi without having to install it on a web server. Since its release in 2010, prominent deployments of Crowdmap have documented the global [["Occupy" protests]] and the [[2011 London anti-cuts protest]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pcmag.com/slideshow/story/288952/the-tech-tools-of-political-revolution/8#fbid=Q78O4eF6bPV |title=The Tech Tools of Political Revolution}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://map.15october.net/|title=15 October 2011}}</ref>

On 31 December 2010, the Ushahidi team announced Crowdmap: Checkins, a geosocial add-on to Crowdmap that allows users to create a [[White-label product|white-label]] alternative to sites like [[Foursquare]] and [[Gowalla]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.ushahidi.com/index.php/2010/12/31/announcing-checkins-for-ushahidi-and-crowdmap/|title=Announcing Checkins for Ushahidi and Crowdmap}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Checkins with a Purpose|url=http://readwrite.com/2011/01/03/check-ins_with_a_purpose_with_crisis-mapping_ushah#awesm=~okeEErmHcnhLYe|publisher=ReadWrite}}</ref> Rather than filling out submission forms online, checkins allow Crowdmap users to expedite data entry to their deployment, focussing first on location and adding more detailed information later.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geospatialworld.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=21289%3Aushahidi-launches-crowdmap-checkins&catid=42%3Aproduct-gis&Itemid=1|title=Ushahidid launches Crowdmap Checkins}}</ref> Ushahidi describes the effort as "checkins with a purpose".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.cnn.com/2011-03-29/tech/ushahidi.checkin.map_1_check-ins-gowalla-map?_s=PM:TECH|title=Ushahidid tests 'checkin' Funciton | work=CNN | date=23 August 2010}}</ref>

==History==

===Beginnings in Kenya===
Ushahidi.com ([[Swahili language|Swahili]] for "testimony" or "witness") is a website created in the aftermath of Kenya's disputed 2007 presidential election (see [[2007–2008 Kenyan crisis]]) that collected eyewitness reports of violence sent in by email and text-message and placed them on a [[Google map]].<ref name="forbes"/> It is also the name of the [[open source]] software developed for that site, which has since been improved, released freely, and used for a number of similar projects around the globe.

The Kenyan site was developed and run by several bloggers and software developers, all current or former residents of Kenya: [[Erik Hersman]], [[Juliana Rotich]], [[Ory Okolloh]], and [[David Kobia]].<ref name="venture">{{cite web |url= http://venturebeat.com/2008/01/15/kenyan-tech-bloggers-launch-crisis-report-site/|title= Kenyan tech bloggers launch crisis-report site |author= David Adewumi |date= 15 January 2008 |work= VentureBeat |accessdate=16 January 2010}}</ref> The site was initially proposed by Okolloh, developed cheaply, and put online within a few days.<ref name="venture" /><ref>{{cite web |url= http://static.rnw.nl/migratie/www.radionetherlands.nl/thestatewerein/otherstates/twsi-081206-Kenya-violence-redirected |title= Mapping violence in Kenya |author= Chris Chambers |date= 12 May 2008 |work= Radio Netherlands Worldwide|accessdate=16 January 2010}}</ref> International media, government sources, NGOs, and Kenyan journalists and bloggers were used to verify eyewitness testimony.<ref name="venture" /><ref name="csm" >{{cite web |url= http://www.csmonitor.com/World/terrorism-security/2008/0131/p99s01-duts.html?s=rel |title= Cellphone and Internet access helps – and hinders – accurate reporting in Kenya |author= Peter Smith |date= 31 January 2008 |work= Christian Science Monitor |accessdate=16 January 2010}}</ref><ref name="mshale" >{{cite web |url= http://mshale.com/article.cfm?articleID=18192 |title= Kenyan Techie Honored for Role in Tracking Post-election Violence |author= Dorcas Komo |date= 3 July 2008 |work= Mshale |accessdate=16 January 2010}}</ref> The site was later also used to facilitate donations from abroad.<ref name="mshale" />

An analysis by [[Harvard University|Harvard's]] [[Kennedy School of Government]] found that Ushahidi was better overall at reporting acts of violence as they began. The data collected by Ushahidi was superior to that reported by the mainstream media in [[Kenya]] at the time. The service was also better at reporting non-fatal violence as well as information coming in from rural areas.<ref>[[Clay Shirky|Shirky, Clay]]. 2010. ''[[Cognitive Surplus: Creativity and Generosity in a Connected Age]]''. New York: Penguin Press. 16.</ref>

On 23 December 2010, Ushahidi Co-founder and Executive Director [[Ory Okolloh]] announced that she was stepping down from her role to become Manager of Policy for Africa at [[Google]]. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2010/12/google-hires-kenyan-activist-ory-okolloh-as-policy-manager-for-africa.html|title=Google hires Kenyan activist Ory Okolloh as policy manager for Africa | work=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kenyanpundit.com/2010/12/23/stepping-down-as-ushahidi-executive-director/|title=Stepping Down as Ushahidi Executive Director}}</ref>

===Post-Kenya crisis uses===
Soon after its initial use in Kenya, the Ushahidi software was used to create a similar site to track [[Xenophobia in South Africa#May 2008 pogroms|anti-immigrant violence in South Africa]], in May 2008.<ref name="mshale" /><ref name="NYTimes">{{cite news| url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/23/world/africa/23iht-23saf.13165981.html | work=The New York Times | title=Anti-immigrant violence spreads in South Africa, with attacks reported in Cape Town | date=23 May 2008}}</ref> The software has since been used to map violence in eastern Congo, beginning in November 2008.<ref name="forbes" /><ref>{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7773648.stm |title= Web tool maps Congo conflict |author= Alka Marwaha |date= 10 December 2008 |publisher=BBC News |accessdate=16 January 2010}}</ref> Ushahidi is used in Kenya, Malawi, Uganda, and Zambia in June 2009 to track pharmacy [[stockout]]s in several Southeast African countries.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.pcworld.com/businesscenter/article/169416/mobiles_help_put_a_stop_to_drug_stockouts.html%3C |title= Mobiles Help Put a Stop to Drug Stock-outs |author= Ken Banks |date= 31 July 2009 |work= Pc World |accessdate=16 January 2010}}</ref> Finally, it was used to monitor elections in Mexico and India, among other projects.<ref name="infoworld">{{cite web |url= http://www.infoworld.com/d/cloud-computing/technology-elevates-africas-global-status-494|title= Technology elevates Africa's global status |author= Rebecca Wanjiku |date= 12 August 2009 |work= Computerworld |publisher= Infoworld |accessdate=16 January 2010}}</ref> It was also used by [[Al Jazeera]] to collect eyewitness reports during the 2008–09 [[Gaza War]].<ref name="infoworld" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://labs.aljazeera.net/warongaza |title=War on Gaza – Experimental Beta |publisher=Labs.aljazeera.net |accessdate=2010-05-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Ekine|first=Sokari|title=Ushahidi Platform Used to Document Congo, Gaza Crises|url=http://www.pbs.org/mediashift/2009/01/ushahidi-platform-used-to-document-congo-gaza-crises009.html|work=MediaShift|publisher=Public Broadcasting Service|accessdate=19 March 2011|date=9 January 2009}}</ref>

The post election violence in Kenya was the subject of a Harvard Humanitarian Institute study and mentioned in a Berkman Center report.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://irevolution.wordpress.com/2008/10/23/mapping-kenyas-election-violence/|title=Crisis Mapping Kenya's Election Violence}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/publications/2008/Digitally_Networked_Technology_Kenyas_Post-Election_Crisis|title=Digitally Networked Technology in Kenya's 2007–2008 Post-Election Crisis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://browse.oecdbookshop.org/oecd/pdfs/browseit/4309141E.PDF |title=Conflict and Fragility : Preventing Violence, War and State Collapse |format=PDF |accessdate=2010-05-01}}</ref>

===2010===

==== Haiti ====
In 2010, due to the [[2010 Haiti earthquake|earthquake in Haiti]], Patrick Meier launched a joint effort between Ushahidi, The Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy at Tufts University, [[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs|UN OCHA]]/Colombia and the International Network of Crisis Mappers (CM*Net) started the [http://haiti.ushahidi.com/ Haiti implementation]. A few hours later many humanitarian/tech workers joined this initiative.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/12/gleaning-information-from-haiti-online/ |title=Tuesday and Wednesday's Updates on Haiti's Earthquake |first1=Robert |last1=Mackey |first2=Nick |last2=Corasaniti |date=12 January 2010 |work=New York Times |accessdate=16 January 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/01/15/AR2010011502650.html |title= Crisis mapping brings online tool to Haitian disaster relief effort |author= Monica Hesse |date= 16 January 2010 |work= Washington Post|accessdate=16 January 2010}}</ref> Nearly 40,000 independent reports were sent to the Ushahidi Haiti Project of which nearly 4,000 distinct events were plotted.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.alnap.org/pool/files/uhp-eval-executive-summary-prelim-findings-1-12-11-draftb[2].pdf|title= Independent Evaluation of the Ushahidi Haiti Project}}</ref>

==== Chile ====
Only a month after the Haiti earthquake, the [[2010 Chile earthquake|2010 earthquake]] in Chile prompted Patrick Meier to launch Ushahidi-Chile within hours of the initial quake.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8543671.stm ''Net puts Kenya at centre of Chile rescue efforts''], Jonathan Fildes, [[BBC News]], 1 March 2010</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://chile.ushahidi.com/ |title=Ushahidi Chile |publisher=Chile.ushahidi.com |accessdate=2010-05-01}}</ref> The Chile site is co-managed with the [[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]] in the United States, supported by [[Chilean American]]s.

====Washington, D.C.====
In the wake of [[First North American blizzard of 2010|winter storms]], the ''[[Washington Post]]'' and the web development company PICnet used the software to create a site mapping blocked roads and other information.<ref name="Giridharadas">{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/14/weekinreview/14giridharadas.html?scp=1&sq=ushahidi&st=cse|title=Africa's Gift to Silicon Valley: How to Track a Crisis|last=Giridharadas|first=Anand|date=12 March 2010|work=New York Times|accessdate=16 March 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://snowmageddoncleanup.com/page/index/2|title=Who's Behind This?|work=Snowmageddon: The Clean Up|accessdate=16 March 2010}}</ref>

====Russia====
Ushahidi was used in Russia to set up a "map of help" for voluntary workers needed after the [[2010 Russian wildfires|wildfires]].

===2011===
;Christchurch
Using Ushahidi, the [[Christchurch Recovery Map]] website was launched less than 24 hours after the [[February 2011 Christchurch earthquake|22 February earthquake]] in Christchurch, New Zealand. The site maps locations of services such as food, water, toilets, fuel, [[Automated teller machine|ATM]]<nowiki/>s, and medical care. Information was gathered via Twitter using the #eqnz hashtag, SMS messages, and email. The site was founded by a group of web professionals, and maintained by volunteers.

;Middle East
This software allowed pro-democracy demonstrators across the Middle East to organise and communicate what was happening around them in early 2011.<ref>[http://blog.ushahidi.com/?s=egypt&submit_button=Search]</ref> On 2 March, the UN [[Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs]] (OCHA) requested that the [http://blog.standbytaskforce.com/?p=345 Standby Volunteer Task Force] be activated for Libya. The Task Force's Tech Team set up a password protected Ushahidi platform almost immediately and several days later [http://libyacrisismap.net launched a public version] at OCHA's request. This allowed users to contribute relevant information about ground conditions as they occurred.<ref>[http://blog.ushahidi.com/index.php/2011/03/06/using-new-ushahidi-map-libya/]</ref>

;India
[http://india.cr/ India•CR – India Citizen Reports] runs on Ushahidi since 2011 to collect and disseminate reports in various categories like civic problems, crimes and corruption. TelecomMap.com uses Ushahidi to map [[3G]] network quality and Wi-Fi hotspots.<ref>[http://www.telecommap.com/ TelecomMap.com]</ref>

;Japan
Ushahidi is used in Japan to help through multiple tragedies. The [http://www.sinsai.info/ushahidi/ Japan Recovery Map] website is in Japanese.

;Australia
[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] used Ushahidi to map the [[Queensland]] floods in January.<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/technology/articles/2011/01/13/3112261.htm ABC's crowdsourced flood-mapping initiative] abc.net</ref>

;United States
[http://mightymoriver.crowdmap.com/ The MightyMoRiver Project] used Ushahidi's hosted service [http://mightymoriver.crowdmap.com/ Crowdmap.com] to track the [[2011 Missouri River floods|Missouri River floods of 2011]]

;Macedonia
[http://www.prijavikorupcija.org/ Transparency Watch Project] is using the Ushahidi platform to track corruption reported cases in Republic of Macedonia. PrijaviKorupcija is a joint project by Transparency International – Macedonia and the Center for International Relations allowing citizens to report cases of corruption via ONE (Mobile Operator) by sending SMS from their mobile phones, sending an email, using the web form, the hashtag #korupcijaMK on Twitter or by reporting on the phone.

===2012===
;Balkans (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia)

'''Armenia'''

On [http://iditord.org/ iDitord] platform Ushahidi was used for monitoring of parliamentary elections on 6 May.

[[Al Jazeera Balkans]] deployed Ushahidi crisis mapping platform on 5 February 2012, to track the snow/cold emergency in the [[Balkans]].<ref>[http://ec2-46-51-135-144.eu-west-1.compute.amazonaws.com/AJB/Feb2012/] Snjezna oluja nad Balkanom</ref>

===2013===
[http://www.ankashar.am/ Ankashar.am] is an anti-corruption map of higher education system in [[Armenia]].

[http://brck.com/ BRCK] is a modem which was created by Ushahidi and has been announced at the [[TEDGlobal]] conference in [[Edinburgh]], Scotland, on 11 June 2013.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-22818596|title=Modem to improve African net access|work=BBC News|date=11 June 2013|accessdate=11 June 2013}}</ref>

===2014===
[http://poplave.rs/ poplave.rs] Balkans (Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Ushahidi announce [http://opensource.com/life/13/9/ushahidi-kenya-mall-siege Ping] in response to the attacks on Westgate Mall in Nairobi.

==Awards==
Ushahidi has received several awards in recognition to its effectiveness and creativity, latest being The MacArthur Award. Ushahidi writes about the awards received in its Official Blog.<ref>[http://blog.ushahidi.com/category/awards/] Official blog from Ushahidi</ref> The awards received by Ushahidi so far are as follows:
* The MacArthur Award – 2013<ref>[http://blog.ushahidi.com/2013/02/28/nairobi-announcing-the-macarthur-award-to-ushahidi/] The MacArthur Award</ref>
* Global Adaptation Index Prize – 2012<ref>[http://blog.ushahidi.com/2012/05/21/ushahidi-wins-global-adaptation-index-prize/] Global Adaptation Index Prize, May 2012</ref>
* Funding of $1.4 million from the [[Omidyar|Omidyar Network]] <ref>[http://blog.ushahidi.com/2011/12/09/nairobi-announcing-funding-from-omidyar-network/] Funding from [[Omidyar]] 1.4m</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Crisis mapping]]
* [[Uchaguzi]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [http://www.Ushahidi.com/ Ushahidi]
* [[TechSoup#NetSquared|NetSquared]]: [http://www.netsquared.org/search/node/ushahidi "Remixing the Web for Social Change"]
* [[TED (conference)]]: [http://www.ted.com/search?q=ushahidi&x=9&y=10 TED]
* [http://www.j-lab.org/cool_stuff/ushahidi_crowdsourcing_crisis_information Institute for Interactive Journalism]
* [http://www.unitedforafrica.co.za/ United for Africa]
* [http://blog.nexmo.com/post/7970974072/ushahidi-sms-nexmo/ Ushahidi Nexmo plugin How To]

[[Category:Internet-related activism]]
[[Category:Internet-based activism]]
[[Category:Electoral fraud]]
[[Category:International political websites]]
[[Category:Science and technology in Kenya]]
[[Category:Kenyan media]]
[[Category:Internet properties established in 2008]]
[[Category:Swahili words and phrases]]
[[Category:Google Maps]]
[[Category:Crowdsourcing]]
[[Category:Web mapping]]
[[Category:OpenStreetMap]]
[[Category:Media in Nairobi]]