https://de.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=InomyabcsWikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]2025-11-04T15:12:53ZBenutzerbeiträgeMediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.25https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carter_G._Woodson&diff=176959473Carter G. Woodson2016-02-01T17:17:49Z<p>Inomyabcs: /* Career in education */ Added space between comma and following word</p>
<hr />
<div>{{pp-move|small=yes}}<br />
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
|name = Carter Godwin Woodson<br />
|image = Carter G Woodson portrait.jpg<br />
|alt =<br />
|caption = Carter G. Woodson<br />
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1875|12|19}}<br />
|birth_place = [[New Canton, Virginia]]<br />
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1950|4|3|1875|12|9}}<br />
|death_place = Washington, DC<br />
|other_names =<br />
|known_for = Founded the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History<br> (now called Association for the Study of African American Life and History). Established Negro History Week.<br />
|occupation = Historian<br />
|nationality =<br />
|education = B.Litt, [[Berea College]] (1903)<br> M.A., [[University of Chicago]] (1908)<br> PhD, [[Harvard University]] (1912)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Carter Godwin Woodson''' (December 19, 1875{{spaced ndash}}April 3, 1950)<ref>{{cite book |title=The correspondence of W. E. B. Du Bois, Volume 3 |last=Du Bois |first=William Edward Burghardt |authorlink=W. E. B. Du Bois |publisher=[[University of Massachusetts Press]] |location= |isbn=1-55849-105-8 |page=282 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=HrGNkNrkEVEC&source=gbs_navlinks_s |accessdate=May 30, 2011}}</ref> was an African-American historian, author, journalist and the founder of the [[Association for the Study of African American Life and History]]. Woodson was one of the first scholars to study [[African-American history]]. A founder of ''[[The Journal of Negro History]]'' in 1915, Woodson has been cited as the [[List of people known as the father or mother of something|father of black history]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.america.gov/st/diversity-english/2005/June/20080207153802liameruoy0.1187708.html |title=Carter G. Woodson, Father of Black History |first=Lerone |last=Bennett, Jr. |work=[[United States Department of State]] |year=2005 |accessdate=May 30, 2011}}</ref> In February 1926 he announced the celebration of "Negro History Week", considered the precursor of [[Black History Month]].<ref>Daryl Michael Scott, [http://www.asalh.net/blackhistorymonthorigins.html/ "The History of Black History Month"], on ASALH website.</ref><br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
{{African American topics sidebar|right}}<br />
Carter G. Woodson was born in Buckingham County, Virginia <ref>"Virginian Started Negro History Week in 1926". ''Norfolk (VA) New Journal and Guide'', February 9, 1957, p.&nbsp;11.</ref> on December 19, 1875, the son of former slaves, James and Eliza Riddle Woodson.<ref>Betty J. Edwards, "He Made World Respect Negroes". ''Chicago Defender'', February 8, 1965, p.&nbsp;9.</ref> His father helped [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] soldiers during the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] and moved his family to [[West Virginia]] when he heard that [[Huntington, West Virginia|Huntington]] was building a high school for blacks.<br />
<br />
Coming from a large, poor family, Carter Woodson could not regularly attend school. Through self-instruction, Woodson mastered the fundamentals of common school subjects by age 17. Wanting more education, Carter went to [[Fayette County, West Virginia|Fayette County]] to earn a living as a miner in the coal fields. He was able to devote only a few months each year to his schooling.<br />
<br />
In 1895, at the age of 20, Woodson entered [[Douglass Junior and Senior High School|Douglass High School]], where he received his diploma in less than two years.<ref>Maurice F. White, "Dr. Carter G. Woodson History Week Founder". ''Cleveland Call and Post'', February 16, 1963, p.&nbsp;3C.</ref> From 1897 to 1900, Woodson taught at [[Winona, West Virginia|Winona]] in Fayette County. In 1900 he was selected as the principal of Douglass High School. He earned his Bachelor of Literature degree from [[Berea College]] in [[Kentucky]] in 1903 by taking classes part-time between 1901 and 1903.<br />
<br />
==Career in education==<br />
From 1903 to 1907, Woodson was a school supervisor in the [[Philippines]]. Later, he attended the [[University of Chicago]], where he was awarded an A.B. and A.M. in 1908. He was a member of the first black professional fraternity [[Sigma Pi Phi]] and a member of [[Omega Psi Phi]].<ref>[http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1077/is_11_59/ai_n6158341 1904–2004: the Boule at 100: Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity holds centennial celebration |''Ebony'' | Find Articles at BNET.com<!--Bot-generated title-->]</ref> <br />
He completed his PhD in history at [[Harvard University]] in 1912, where he was the second African American (after [[W.E.B. Du Bois]]) to earn a doctorate.<ref>[http://www.newsweek.com/id/232818 "The End of Black History Month?"] ''Newsweek'', January 28, 2010.</ref> His doctoral dissertation, ''The Disruption of Virginia'', was based on research he did at the [[Library of Congress]] while teaching high school in Washington, D.C. After earning the doctoral degree, he continued teaching in public schools, later joining the faculty at [[Howard University]] as a professor, where he served as Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences.<br />
<br />
Convinced that the role of African American history and the history of other cultures was being ignored or misrepresented among scholars, Woodson saw a need for research into the neglected past of African Americans. Along with [[Alexander L. Jackson]], Woodson published ''The Education of the Negro Prior to 1861'' in 1915.<br />
<br />
Carter G. Woodson stayed at the Wabash Avenue YMCA during visits to Chicago. Dr. Woodson's experiences at the Y and in the surrounding Bronzeville neighborhood inspired him to create the [[Association for the Study of Negro Life and History]] in 1915. The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History (now the Association for the Study of African American Life and History), which ran conferences, published ''[[The Journal of Negro History]]'', and "particularly targeted those responsible for the education of <br />
black children".<ref name=Corbould>[http://wxy.seu.edu.cn/humanities/sociology/htmledit/uploadfile/system/20101027/20101027204148895.pdf Claire Corbould, ''Becoming African Americans: The Public Life of Harlem 1919–1939''], Cambridge, Massachusetts/London, England: Harvard University Press, 2009, p. 88.</ref><br />
<br />
Woodson believed that education and increasing social and professional contacts among blacks and whites could reduce racism and he promoted the organized study of African-American history partly for that purpose. Woodson would later promote the first Negro History Week in Washington, D.C., in 1926, forerunner of Black History Month.<ref>http://bmrcsurvey.uchicago.edu/collections/1410</ref> The Bronzeville neighborhood declined during the late 1960s and 1970s like many other [[inner city]] neighborhoods across the country, and the Wabash Avenue YMCA was forced to close during the 1970s, until being restored in 1992 by The Renaissance Collaborative.<ref>[http://www.trcwabash.org/history.html "History"], The Renaissance Collaborative.</ref><br />
<br />
He served as Academic Dean of the [[West Virginia Collegiate Institute]], now West Virginia State University, from 1920 to 1922.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wvstateu.edu/announcement/2015/01/29/West-Virginia-State-University-Celebrates-Black-Hi.aspx|title=West Virginia State University Celebrates Black History Month with Series of Events|date=January 29, 2015|last=Osborne|first=Kellie|publisher=West Virginia State University|accessdate=February 5, 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
In addition to his first book, he wrote ''A Century of Negro Migration'', which continues to be published by the [[Association for the Study of African American Life and History]] (ASALH).<br />
He studied many aspects of African-American history. For instance, in 1924, he published the first survey of free black slaveowners in the United States in 1930.<ref>Charles H. Wesley, "Carter G. Woodson as a Scholar", ''The Journal of Negro History'', Vol. 36, No. 1 (January 1951), pp. 12–24.</ref><br />
<br />
He once wrote:<br />
“If you can control a man’s thinking, you don’t have to worry about his actions. If you can determine what a man thinks you do not have to worry about what he will do. <br />
If you can make a man believe that he is inferior, you don’t have to compel him to seek an inferior status, he will do so without being told and if you can make a man believe that he is justly an outcast, you don’t have to order him to the back door, he will go to the back door on his own and if there is no back door, the very nature of the man will demand that you build one.”<br />
<br />
==NAACP==<br />
Woodson became affiliated with the Washington, D.C. branch of the [[NAACP]], and its chairman [[Archibald Grimké]]. On January 28, 1915, he wrote a letter to Grimké expressing his dissatisfaction with activities. Woodson made two proposals:<br />
#That the branch secure an office for a center to which persons may report whatever concerns the black race may have, and from which the Association may extend its operations into every part of the city; and<br />
#That a canvasser be appointed to enlist members and obtain subscriptions for ''[[The Crisis]]'', the NAACP magazine edited by [[W. E. B. Du Bois]].<br />
<br />
W. E. B. Du Bois added the proposal to divert "patronage from business establishments which do not treat races alike," that is, boycott businesses. Woodson wrote that he would cooperate as one of the twenty-five effective canvassers, adding that he would pay the office rent for one month. Grimke did not welcome Woodson's ideas.<br />
<br />
Responding to Grimke's comments about his proposals, on March 18, 1915, Woodson wrote:<br />
:"I am not afraid of being sued by white businessmen. In fact, I should welcome such a law suit. It would do the cause much good. Let us banish fear. We have been in this mental state for three centuries. I am a radical. I am ready to act, if I can find brave men to help me."{{Citation needed|date=April 2008}}<br />
<br />
His difference of opinion with Grimké, who wanted a more conservative course, contributed to Woodson's ending his affiliation with the NAACP.<br />
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:CGWoodson roadside marker.jpg|left|thumb|300px|Roadside historical marker biography of Woodson]] --><br />
<br />
==Black History Month==<br />
After leaving Howard University because of differences with its president,{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}} Woodson devoted the rest of his life to historical research. He worked to preserve the history of African Americans and accumulated a collection of thousands of artifacts and publications. He noted that African-American contributions "were overlooked, ignored, and even suppressed by the writers of history textbooks and the teachers who use them."<ref name=CurrentBio>''Current Biography 1944'', p. 742.</ref> Race prejudice, he concluded, "is merely the logical result of tradition, the inevitable outcome of thorough instruction to the effect that the Negro has never contributed anything to the progress of mankind."<ref name=CurrentBio /><br />
<br />
In 1926, Woodson pioneered the celebration of "Negro History Week",<ref>Corbould (2009), p. 106.</ref> designated for the second week in February, to coincide with marking the birthdays of [[Abraham Lincoln]] and [[Frederick Douglass]].<ref>Delilah L. Beasley, "Activities Among Negroes, ''Oakland Tribune'', February 14, 1926, p. X–5.</ref> The week of recognition became accepted and has been extended as the full month of February, now known as [[Black History Month]].<br />
<br />
==Colleagues==<br />
Woodson believed in self-reliance and racial respect, values he shared with [[Marcus Garvey]], a [[Jamaican]] activist who worked in New York. Woodson became a regular columnist for Garvey's weekly ''Negro World''.<br />
<br />
Woodson's political activism placed him at the center of a circle of many black intellectuals and activists from the 1920s to the 1940s. He corresponded with [[W. E. B. Du Bois]], [[John Edward Bruce|John E. Bruce]], [[Arturo Alfonso Schomburg]], [[Hubert Harrison|Hubert H. Harrison]], and [[Timothy Thomas Fortune|T. Thomas Fortune]] among others. Even with the extended duties of the Association, Woodson made time to write academic works such as ''The History of the Negro Church'' (1922), ''[[The Mis-Education of the Negro]]'' (1933), and others which continue to have wide readership.<br />
<br />
Woodson did not shy away from controversial subjects, and used the pages of ''Black World'' to contribute to debates. One issue related to West Indian/African-American relations. Woodson summarized that "the West Indian Negro is free." He observed that West Indian societies had been more successful at properly dedicating the necessary amounts of time and resources needed to educate and genuinely emancipate people. Woodson approved of efforts by West Indians to include materials related to Black history and culture into their school curricula.<br />
<br />
Woodson was ostracized by some of his contemporaries because of his insistence on defining a category of history related to ethnic culture and race. At the time, these educators felt that it was wrong to teach or understand African-American history as separate from more general American history. According to these educators, "Negroes" were simply Americans, darker skinned, but with no history apart from that of any other. Thus Woodson's efforts to get Black culture and history into the curricula of institutions, even historically Black colleges, were often unsuccessful. Today African-American studies have become specialized fields of study in history, music, culture, literature and other areas; in addition, there is more emphasis on African-American contributions to general American culture. The United States government celebrates Black History Month.<br />
<br />
==Woodson's legacy==<br />
<br />
That schools have set aside a time each year to focus on African-American history is Woodson's most visible legacy. His determination to further the recognition of the Negro in American and world history, however, inspired countless other scholars. Woodson remained focused on his work throughout his life. Many see him as a man of vision and understanding. Although Woodson was among the ranks of the educated few, he did not feel particularly sentimental about elite educational institutions.{{Citation needed|reason=April 2008|date=April 2008}} The Association and journal that he started in 1915 continue, and both have earned intellectual respect.<br />
<br />
Woodson's other far-reaching activities included the founding in 1920 of the Associated Publishers, the oldest African-American publishing company in the United States. This enabled publication of books concerning blacks that might not have been supported in the rest of the market. He founded Negro History Week in 1926 (now known as Black History Month). He created the ''Negro History Bulletin'', developed for teachers in elementary and high school grades, and published continuously since 1937. Woodson also influenced the Association's direction and subsidizing of research in African-American history. He wrote numerous articles, monographs and books on Blacks. ''The Negro in Our History'' reached its eleventh edition in 1966, when it had sold more than 90,000 copies.<br />
<br />
[[Dorothy Porter Wesley]] stated that "Woodson would wrap up his publications, take them to the post office and have dinner at the YMCA." He would teasingly decline her dinner invitations saying, "No, you are trying to marry me off. I am married to my work". Woodson's most cherished ambition, a six-volume ''Encyclopedia Africana'', lay incomplete at his death on April 3, 1950, at the age of 74. He is buried at Lincoln Memorial Cemetery in [[Suitland, Maryland]].<br />
<br />
==Honors and tributes==<br />
* In 1926, Woodson received the [[National Association for the Advancement of Colored People]] [[Spingarn Medal]].<br />
* The ''[[National Council for the Social Studies#Awards|Carter G. Woodson Book Award]]'' was established in 1974 "for the most distinguished social science books appropriate for young readers that depict ethnicity in the United States."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.socialstudies.org/awards/woodson/about |title=About the Carter G. Woodson Book Award |publisher=National Council for the Social Studies |accessdate=October 17, 2015 }}</ref><br />
* The U.S. Postal Service issued a 20 cent stamp honoring Woodson in 1984.<ref>{{cite web | title = Stamp Series | publisher = United States Postal Service | url = http://beyondtheperf.com/stamp-series | accessdate = September 2, 2013}}</ref><br />
* In 1992, the [[Library of Congress]] held an exhibition entitled "Moving Back Barriers: The Legacy of Carter G. Woodson". Woodson had donated his collection of 5,000 items from the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries to the Library.<br />
* His Washington, D.C. home has been preserved and designated the [[Carter G. Woodson Home National Historic Site]].<br />
* In 2002, scholar [[Molefi Kete Asante]] named Carter G. Woodson on his list of [[100 Greatest African Americans]].<ref>Asante, Molefi Kete (2002). ''100 Greatest African Americans: A Biographical Encyclopedia''. Amherst, New York. Prometheus Books. ISBN 1-57392-963-8.</ref><br />
<br />
==Places named after Woodson==<br />
[[File:CARTER G. WOODSON - TEACHER, HISTORIAN, PUBLISHER - NARA - 535622.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Carter Woodson biographical cartoon by [[Charles Alston]], 1943]]<br />
<br />
===California===<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Elementary School in [[Los Angeles]].<br />
*Carter G. Woodson Public Charter School in [[Fresno, California|Fresno]].<br />
<br />
===Florida===<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Park, in [[Oakland Park, Florida|Oakland Park]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oaklandparkfl.org/index.asp?Type=B_EV&SEC={5BD110B8-7DD4-4AE1-A07C-043D46927297}&DE={4225AAD7-7EF2-4FD3-BF09-F068949400E4} |title=Dr. Carter G. Wilson Festival |publisher=The City of Oakland Park |accessdate=December 15, 2008}}</ref><br />
* Carter G. Woodson Elementary School was located in Oakland Park. It was closed in 1965 when the [[Broward County Public Schools]] system was desegregated.<br />
* [[Dr. Carter G. Woodson African American Museum]] in [[St. Petersburg, Florida|St. Petersburg]].<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Elementary School in [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]].<br />
<br />
===Georgia===<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Elementary in [[Atlanta]].<br />
<br />
===Illinois===<br />
* [[Carter G. Woodson Regional Library]] in Chicago.<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Middle School in Chicago.<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Library of [[Malcolm X College]] in Chicago<br />
<br />
===Indiana===<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Library in [[Gary, Indiana|Gary]].<br />
<br />
===Kentucky===<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Academy in [[Lexington, Kentucky|Lexington]].<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Center for Interracial Education, [[Berea College]], in [[Berea, Kentucky|Berea]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berea.edu/cgwc/|title=Carter G. Woodson Center for Interracial Education|publisher=[[Berea College]]|accessdate=April 1, 2013}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Louisiana===<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Middle School in [[New Orleans]].<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Liberal Arts Building at [[Grambling State University]], built in 1915, in [[Grambling, Louisiana|Grambling]].<br />
<br />
===Maryland===<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Elementary in [[Crisfield, Maryland|Crisfield]]. [http://www.somerset.k12.md.us/WES/]<br />
* Dr. Carter G. Woodson Elementary in [[Baltimore]]. [http://www.bcps.k12.md.us/]<br />
<br />
===Minnesota===<br />
* Woodson Institute for Student Excellence in [[Minneapolis]].<br />
<br />
===New York===<br />
* PS 23 Carter G. Woodson School in [[Brooklyn]]. [http://www.ps23woodson.org/home]<br />
<br />
===North Carolina===<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Charter School in [[Winston-Salem, North Carolina|Winston-Salem]].<br />
<br />
===Texas===<br />
* [[Woodson K-8 School]] in [[Houston]].<br />
*Carter G. Woodson Park in [[Odessa, Texas|Odessa]]<br />
<br />
===Virginia===<br />
* The Carter G. Woodson Institute for African-American and African Studies at the [[University of Virginia]], [[Charlottesville, Virginia|Charlottesville]]. [http://artsandsciences.virginia.edu/woodson/]<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Middle School in [[Hopewell, Virginia|Hopewell]].<br />
* C.G. Woodson Road in his home town of [[New Canton, Virginia|New Canton]].<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Education Complex in [[Buckingham County, Virginia|Buckingham County]], built in 2012.<br />
<br />
===Washington, DC===<br />
* Friendship Collegiate Academy in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] is located on the Carter G. Woodson Campus.<br />
* The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Park is between 9th Street, Q Street and Rhode Island Avenue, NW. The park contains a cast bronze sculpture of the historian by [[Raymond Kaskey]]. <br />
* The [[Carter G. Woodson Home National Historic Site|Carter G. Woodson Home]], a National Historic Site, is located at 538 9th St., NW, Washington, D.C.<br />
<br />
===West Virginia===<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Jr. High School (renamed McKinley Jr. High School after integration in 1954) in [[St. Albans, West Virginia|St. Albans]], built in 1932.<br />
* Carter G. Woodson Avenue (also known as 9th Avenue) in Huntington. Notably, Woodson's alma mater, Douglass High School, is located between Carter G. Woodson Avenue and 10th Avenue in the 1500 block.<br />
<br />
==Selected bibliography==<br />
<!--PLEASE NOTE: removed link to this file. It cannot be found. File:History of the Negro Church.jpg|right|thumb|Second edition of ''The History of the Negro Church'' (1921)--><br />
* ''A Century of Negro Migration'' (1918)<br />
* ''The Education of the Negro Prior to 1861'' (1919)<br />
* ''The History of the Negro Church'' (1921)<br />
* ''The Negro in Our History'' (1922)<br />
* ''Free Negro Owners of Slaves in the United States in 1830, Together With Absentee Ownership of Slaves in the United States in 1830'' (1924)<br />
* ''Free Negro Heads of Families in the United States in 1830, Together With a Brief Treatment of the Free Negro'' (1925)<br />
* ''Negro Orators and Their Orations'' (1925)<br />
* ''The Mind of the Negro as Reflected in Letters Written During the Crisis, 1800–1860'' (1927)<br />
* ''Negro Makers of History'' (1928)<br />
* ''African Myths, Together With Proverbs'' (1928)<br />
* ''The Rural Negro'' (1930)<br />
* ''The Negro Wage Earner'' (1930)<br />
* ''[[The Mis-Education of the Negro]]'' (1933)<br />
* ''The Negro Professional Man and the Community, With Special Emphasis on the Physician and the Lawyer'' (1934)<br />
* ''The Story of the Negro Retold'' (1935)<br />
* ''The African Background Outlined: Or, Handbook for the Study of the Negro'' (1936)<br />
* ''African Heroes and Heroines'' (1939)<br />
* ''The Works of Francis J. Grimké'' (1942)<br />
* ''Carter G. Woodson's Appeal: The Lost Manuscript Edition'' (2008)<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Portal|Biography|Children's literature}}<br />
* [http://www.asalh.org/ The Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)]<br />
* [http://www.themiseducationofthenegro.net/ Audiobook version of "The Mis-Education of the Negro"]<br />
* [http://www.lostmanuscript.com/ Homepage for Carter G. Woodson's Appeal]<br />
* Daryl Michael Scott, [http://www.asalh.net/blackhistorymonthorigins.html/ "The History of Black History Month"], on ASALH website<br />
* [http://www.woodsonmuseum.org/ Dr. Carter G. Woodson African American History Museum]<br />
* [http://stalbanshistory.com/School_Photos.html "Some St. Albans Schools over the years", St. Albans Historical Society.]<br />
* [http://www.woodsonmuseum.org Dr. Carter G. Woodson African American Museum]<br />
<br />
===Woodson's writings===<br />
{{wikiquote}}<br />
{{Commons category|Carter Godwin Woodson}}<br />
* {{Gutenberg author | id=Woodson,+Carter+G. }}<br />
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Carter Godwin Woodson}}<br />
* {{cite book|title=The History of the Negro Church |isbn=0-87498-000-3}}<br />
* {{cite book|title=Mis-Education of the Negro |isbn=0-9768111-0-3}}<br />
<br />
===Other information about Woodson===<br />
* [http://www.unia-acl.org/archive/Dr.htm/ Dr. Carter G. Woodson]<br />
* [http://www.cwo.com/~lucumi/woodson.html/ "Dr. Carter Godwin Woodson & the Observance of African History"]<br />
* [http://www.loc.gov/today/pr/1993/93-083.html/ Library of Congress Initiates Traveling Exhibits Program]<br />
* [http://www.loc.gov/today/pr/1993/93-123.html/ Library of Congress Traveling Exhibit re Dr. C.G. Woodson]<br />
* [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?faid/faid:@field(DOCID+ms000014) Carter G. Woodson Collection of Negro Papers and Related Documents]<br />
* [http://www.ngbiwm.com/Exhibits/Carter%20GWoodson.htm/ Carter G. Woodson Wax Figure at the National Great Blacks in Wax Museum]<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. --><br />
| NAME =Woodson, Carter G.<br />
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =<br />
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = American historian<br />
| DATE OF BIRTH =December 19, 1875<br />
| PLACE OF BIRTH =[[New Canton, Virginia]]<br />
| DATE OF DEATH =April 3, 1950<br />
| PLACE OF DEATH =Washington, DC<br />
}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Woodson, Carter G.}}<br />
[[Category:American male journalists]]<br />
[[Category:Historians of the United States]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century American historians]]<br />
[[Category:African-American history]]<br />
[[Category:African-American writers]]<br />
[[Category:Negro World contributors]]<br />
[[Category:People from Huntington, West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:People from Fayette County, West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:People from Buckingham County, Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Journalists from Washington, D.C.]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Journalists from West Virginia]]<br />
[[Category:Spingarn Medal winners]]<br />
[[Category:Berea College alumni]]<br />
[[Category:University of Chicago alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Harvard University alumni]]<br />
[[Category:1875 births]]<br />
[[Category:1950 deaths]]</div>Inomyabcshttps://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CFNY-FM&diff=122962284CFNY-FM2009-10-11T11:34:25Z<p>Inomyabcs: Reverted 1 edit by 173.66.34.44; Removal without explanation. (TW)</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Radio station<br />
| image = [[Image:CFNY-FM.png]]|<br />
| name = CFNY-FM|<br />
| airdate = 1960 |<br />
| frequency = 102.1 [[Megahertz|MHz]] ([[FM radio|FM]]) |<br />
| city = [[Brampton, Ontario|Brampton]], [[Ontario]]<br />
| area = [[Greater Toronto Area]]|<br />
| format = [[modern rock]] |<br />
| owner = [[Corus Entertainment]] |<br />
| power = 35,000 [[watt]]s |<br />
| erp = 100,000 [[watt]]s |<br />
| branding = "102.1 The Edge" |<br />
| sister_stations = [[CFMJ]], [[CILQ-FM|CILQ]]<br />
| slogan = |<br />
| class = |<br />
| website = [http://www.edge.ca/ 102.1 The Edge] |<br />
| callsign_meaning = see article|<br />
}}<br />
'''CFNY-FM''' is a [[Canada|Canadian]] [[radio station]], broadcasting at 102.1 [[FM radio|FM]]. While the station's official [[city of license]] is [[Brampton]], [[Ontario]],<ref>{{cite press release<br />
| url=http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2006/db2006-394.htm<br />
| title=Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2006-394<br />
| publisher=[[Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission]]<br />
| date=2006-08-23<br />
| accessdate=2007-03-13<br />
}}</ref> it targets the entire [[Greater Toronto Area]], with studios located at 228 [[Yonge Street (Toronto)|Yonge Street]] in downtown [[Toronto]], and its transmitter in the [[CN Tower]]. As of December 2007, the station holds a 3.8% share<ref>The percentage of people 12 and older tuned to the station</ref> of its [[media market|market area]].<ref name="BBM2007">{{cite press release<br />
| title=Top-Line Radio Statistics - Toronto CTRL S4 2007<br />
| publisher=[[Bureau of Broadcast Measurement|BBM Canada]]<br />
| url=http://www.bbm.ca/en/BBM_Canada_S4_2007_Top-line_Radio_Report_final.pdf<br />
| format=PDF<br />
| date=2007-12-03<br />
| accessdate=2008-01-06<br />
}}</ref><br />
<br />
For some time in the 1980s, the station was free-format.{{Fact|date=June 2009}} This rarely translated into profits, however, and after being sold and re-sold several times to larger and larger media companies, the station now plays a conventional [[modern rock]] format with the branding '''102.1 The Edge'''. The radio station is currently owned by [[Corus Entertainment]].<br />
<br />
The station's current program director is Ross Winters, who succeeded [[Alan Cross]] in September 2008 after Cross transferred to Corus' interactive media division, Splice Media.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
CFNY originally started operating in 1961, as an [[FM radio|FM]] rebroadcast of an [[AM radio|AM]] station, [[CIAO (AM)|CHIC]]. When two brothers named Leslie and Harry Allen Jr bought the station in the seventies, they started playing album rock music in the evenings, while simulcasting the AM programming during the day. The nearby [[Humber College]] provided a steady stream of young employees, who were encouraged to play their own selections. Eventually, the owners decided to give the station a brand of its own, creating CFNY in 1977.<br />
<br />
Prior to CFNY, the call letters were CHIC-FM, with a transmitter power of 857 watts ERP mono, just enough to just cover the town of Brampton. Up to around 1975, the CHIC AM control room operator spun LPs from the third turntable in AM master control. Nonstop full play of each side of the LP was the norm - with just a break by the AM operator for ID and to flip the LP over. The music was picked by the AM operator prior to their shift. Any type of music was picked from the library randomly. This was the beginning of CFNY. Listeners loved it and at times requested more of the same, which was obliged. Sometimes missed by the operator, the LP would finish and listeners would call in to complain of the dead air.<br />
<br />
In 1976, a new FM studio was built just up the road from the old studio in Brampton on a very limited budget. Engineers Mike Hargrave Pawson and Steve Martak built the new studio and a new transmitter site in Georgetown to increase the coverage from 857 watts to 100 kW ERP.<br />
<br />
In July 1977, CHIC-FM officially became CFNY-FM. The phrases "Canada's First New Youth" and "Canada Fucks New York" have been cited as [[backronym]]s for the call sign. Anyone working there at the time was fired, and a whole new team was brought in. David Pritchard, CFNY's first program director, previously a late night DJ at [[CHUM-FM]], gave the station a little more structure and hosted specialty programs of reggae and blues music, and a nationally syndicated (and popular) Beatles show. Unfortunately, conflicts between Pritchard and the Allens led them to fire him for refusing to, as he put it, turn the station into a conduit for "shallow hit-oriented Pablum". [[David Marsden]], who had started as an announcer, became program director of CFNY in 1978.<br />
<br />
===The Spirit of Radio===<br />
<br />
Things started to change when David Marsden became program director. The station started to sound like a "slick" version of a college radio station. At the time, alternative was still very new, but it was also in 1978 that [[New Wave music|New Wave]] and [[punk rock]] took off and soon the station became known as one of the few commercial stations which played alternative music. Canadian punk act [[Forgotten Rebels]] paid homage to CFNY in the liner notes of their 1979 album ''In Love with the System''.<br />
<br />
Fans started referring to it as the ''Spirit of Radio'', which was used as their catchphrase for some time and also inspired the [[Rush (band)|Rush]] song "[[The Spirit of Radio]]".<ref>[http://www.spiritofradio.ca/index.asp]</ref> Fans were loyal but few and with a measly 857 watts of power, broadcast from a house in [[Brampton, Ontario|Brampton]] - a suburban city northwest of Toronto - the problems of attracting new listeners were many. With only a small broadcast range, the station used unconventional promotional strategies, sending out its DJs to host regular new wave dance parties both to build a community among its fans and to supplement the station's limited advertising revenue through admission fees.<ref name=reynolds>Bill Reynolds, "A rock 'n' roll original: DJ Martin Streek symbolized CFNY's unlikely resilience". ''[[The Globe and Mail]]'', July 11, 2009.</ref> In 1979, the original owners were involved in an unrelated court action and forced to sell the station. The new owners started the process of moving the antennae to the [[CN Tower]] in 1983.<br />
<br />
With the Canadian economy in [[recession]] and interest rates high, the new owners sold the station to media conglomerate [[Selkirk Communications]]. At first, Selkirk did not change the format and completed the move to the CN Tower. By 1985, the station had reached new heights of popularity, capturing over 5.4% of the Toronto area listeners and becoming internationally famous for its music mix. By this time, the station's dance party tradition had evolved into a large video dance party, hosted by [[Martin Streek]], which regularly toured throughout Southern Ontario and expanded the station's influence well beyond its actual broadcast range.<ref name=reynolds /> For a brief period, it was also available on satellite across North America, although this also led to the introduction of more "popular" music.<br />
<br />
The station was particularly well respected for introducing new acts which other stations wouldn't play because they were too 'small' in the early 1980s; Canadian artists such as [[Martha and the Muffins]], [[Rough Trade (band)|Rough Trade]], [[Blue Rodeo]], [[Jane Siberry]], [[Singing Fools]], [[54-40]], [[Skinny Puppy]] and [[Spoons (band)|Spoons]] were among the acts championed by CFNY. CFNY also created Canada's first independent music awards, the [[U-Knows]] (a pun on Canada's mainstream [[Juno Award]]s). In 1986, the station held a listener contest to rename the awards, which were re-dubbed the [[CASBY Award]]s, for "Canadian Artists Selected By You".<br />
<br />
===Format change and listener rebellion===<br />
<br />
In 1988, the station turned its first profit. However, this was not enough for Selkirk, which sought higher ratings. Late that year, the station switched to a mostly [[top 40]] format, leaving its alternative format for weekends and late night.<ref name=reynolds /> At first, there was a listener rebellion. Their phone-in show at noon was an all-request hour and invariably the requests were for alternative songs. However, the management soon put a stop to this, telling DJs to refuse such calls and only select requests from the top 40. Soon, most of the staff resigned or were fired.<br />
<br />
Loyal listeners soon began signing petitions and filed an intervention with the [[Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission]] (CRTC) opposing the station's 1989 licence renewal. Radio analyst reports suggested that 100,000 new listeners had been gained by the change. However, this hid the fact that the market share dropped considerably, to 4.3%.<br />
<br />
===Evolution to [[modern rock]]===<br />
<br />
In 1989, Selkirk was acquired by [[Maclean-Hunter]], which was committed to returning the station to an alternative format. Instead of reviving the old free-form programming, however, Maclean-Hunter tweaked the station's programming to create a more conventional [[modern rock]] station. In the early 1990s, the station again became an important outlet for new Canadian music, with acts such as [[Barenaked Ladies]], [[The Lowest of the Low]], [[Rheostatics]], and [[Sloan (band)|Sloan]] counting CFNY as their first major radio supporter. However, with [[alternative rock]] being the decade's dominant genre, CFNY did not sound as distinctive compared to other radio stations as it had in the 1980s, so it never fully regained its former level of influence and respect.<br />
<br />
The change also masked, rather than solving, morale problems at the station — in 1992, DJ Dani Elwell resigned from the station by reading her résumé over the air.<ref>[http://www.spiritofradio.ca/Sounds.asp?SearchText=Ellwell]</ref><br />
<br />
When Maclean-Hunter was purchased by [[Rogers Communications]] in 1994, CFNY was one of the stations sold off by Rogers to [[Shaw Communications]], which in turn spun its radio holdings off to [[Corus Entertainment]], CFNY's current owner, in 1999.<br />
<br />
In the mid-1990s, the station dropped its old branding, becoming ''102.1 The Edge''. Later it became ''Edge 102'' before reverting to ''102.1 The Edge''. "The Edge" was a common brand name for alternative and modern rock radio stations during the 1990s, and was created by a U.S. consulting firm named [[Jacobs Media]]. Although CFNY remained the station's official call sign, it was not mentioned on-air for many years. In August 2005, however, the station began airing some new identification breaks which used both the CFNY calls and the Edge branding. (Canadian radio stations are officially required to mention their call letters once an hour, although this rule has not been heavily enforced by the CRTC in recent years.)<br />
<br />
CFNY is available nationwide in Canada on the [[Bell TV]] satellite TV system, channel 955; [[Shaw Direct]] channel 866; and via [[Rogers Cable|Rogers Digital Cable]] on channel 929 in the GTA and 954 in other areas of Ontario.<br />
<br />
In 2001, a spin-off television channel was created and modelled after 102.1 The Edge. [[Edge TV]] was a [[digital cable]] [[specialty channel]] own by The Edge's parent company Corus Entertainment. The channel was taken off the air in 2003 due to insufficient distribution.<br />
<br />
To this day they claim to be the only Toronto based radio-station to have never played the classic "Stairway to Heaven" over the airwaves. Long live Wayne's World.<br />
<br />
==International reach==<br />
<br />
102.1 The Edge has long been an international station, as its signal is strong enough that, like many other Toronto radio stations, it is widely available in two of the top fifty media markets in North America. Its signal from Toronto beams from the [[CN Tower]] throughout the [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]]-[[Niagara Falls, New York|Niagara Falls]] [[New York State|NY]] market, in addition to Toronto. CFNY pulls a share of between 0.6% and 1.1% in the Arbitron radio rating in Buffalo.{{Fact|date=June 2009}}<br />
<br />
In addition, the station broadcasts [[streaming audio]] over the Internet.<br />
<br />
The Edge is also available on [[Bell TV]] as part of the music channel package. The station also appears in the music mix of a number of cable distributions systems around the country. This gives the station not only a regional coverage, but a number of listeners over all of Canada.<br />
<br />
As a result of these factors, CFNY frequently promotes itself as one of the most listened-to radio stations in the world — the station did, in fact, rank tenth in a 2002 [[Arbitron]] survey of the world's most listened-to Internet radio streams.<ref>[http://www.arbitron.com/NEWSROOM/archive/03_12_02.htm Arbitron Press Release<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><br />
<br />
==''The Dean Blundell Show''==<br />
{{Refimprove|section|date=June 2009}}<br />
The Dean Blundell Show is a morning radio show consisting of hosts Dean Blundell, Jason Barr and Todd Shapiro discussing ongoing news and events in a cynical fashion.<br />
<br />
===Controversies===<br />
[[Jackass (TV series)|''Jackass'']] co-stars [[Steve-O]] and [[Chris Pontius]] were guests on the show on [[March 26]], [[2004]], in order to promote their "Don't Try This at Home" tour, leading to the "suspension" of Blundell, Barr and Shapiro for the following day. During the interview, Pontius and Steve-O used multiple expletives on the air. Steve-O also proceeded to urinate on the floor and perform a stunt called "Unwrapping the Mummy", all in front of a live studio audience.<ref>{{cite news<br />
|url=http://www.thefreeradical.ca/The_Edge_Jackass.htm<br />
|title=Edge's Blundell back on air today<br />
|publisher=[[Toronto Sun]]<br />
|date=2004-03-30<br />
|first=John<br />
|last=Kryk<br />
}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Recurring guests===<br />
{{Original research|section|date=June 2009}}<br />
* Members of the [[Conservative Party of Canada]] are frequently interviewed.<br />
* "Lesbian Lu" visits every Tuesday to talk about her experiences as a homosexual woman.<br />
* Sex therapist Dr. Laura Zilney; every Wednesday morning.<br />
* "Gay Jeff" - a gay friend of Todd Shapiro – every Thursday morning; though occasionally on other days as well. Jeff and the hosts discuss topics related to the gay community; however, these discussions usually lead to the hosts questioning Jeff about his sexual exploits or opinions and perceptions as a gay man.<br />
* "Psychic Nikki" is in on Friday mornings and discusses her [[psychic]] visions regarding celebrities, the show's hosts and callers. Todd, Dean and Jason often playfully joke about her predictions.'<br />
<br />
===Past recurring guests===<br />
* The "Blind [[Film criticism|Movie Reviewer]]", Derek Welsman, appeared most Thursday mornings. [[Blindness|Legally blind]] (he has stated he can see about 10&ndash;12%), Welsman, who was also an [[advertising|commercial]] producer for the radio station, talked about a movie he had "seen" recently, from the perspective of a blind person. Each movie reviewed was assigned a score of one to five "[[star (classification)|blurries]]", and each review ended with Welsman's [[catch phrase]], "and that's the way I see it!" Derek moved on to Astral Radio Toronto in November 2007. His last review for the Edge was Thursday, November 8, 2007. He ended the segment by returning to his home planet of Myopia with his commanding alien officers, [[Ray Charles]] and the blind girl from the Lionel Ritchie "Hello" music video.<br />
* [[Gino Empry]] was a recurring guest until early 2006 when he got so upset that he used profanities on the air, forcing the morning show to end their on-air relationship with him. Empry often fought with Todd and then made up. {{Fact|date=May 2009}}<br />
* Eduardo, a frequent caller who would demand free offerings and get extremely upset when Dean, Jason and Todd made it difficult for him to do so. Often resorting to hanging up on the morning show, the three would call him back many times, until full arguments would break out. Eduardo gave up on the Dean Blundell show and now often calls an easy listening station. {{Fact|date=May 2009}}<br />
* Frank the Video Store Guy called in to the show and had a stereotypical Indian accent very similar to Apu from the [[Simpsons]]<br />
* [[Josey Vogels]] - a "sexpert" who left the show to concentrate on publishing books in late 2008.<br />
* "Spencer the Cripple" usually talked with the guys on Monday mornings - to talk about his experiences in life. Usually, the segment led to the subjects of bowel movements, his diet and sexual dysfunction. He was fired in March, 2009.<br />
<br />
===Contests===<br />
More so than any other of the regular shows on the station, the ''Dean Blundell Show'' regularly runs a variety of contests, which often lead to much larger prizes than the other shows' contests. Contests have included:<br />
* The "Moderately Paid Employee Program" in which the winner, Adwoa Nsiah Yeboah, was awarded a position at the station as its traffic reporter.<br />
* "The Mister Man-Boobs Contest".<br />
* "The Cougar Hunt"; "The Edge Ultimate Ugly Contest" and the "Buns of Steel Contest"<br />
* A series of Wheels, loosely following the [[7 Deadly Sins]]. Each of these "Wheel" contests consists of a series of random challenges (oft-repeated challenges involving stunts done in front of the live tapings of ''[[Breakfast Television]]''; getting onto other radio stations to promote the show/contest and marketing the radio station) - determined by the spin of a wheel, which skewed either to a certain number of selected Inside Edge members, or as an open challenge to all listeners. The winners of these challenges are given one or more spaces on the final spin of the wheel, where the person landed on wins a giant prize. To date, there have been Wheels of Greed, Sloth, Envy, Gluttony, and most recently, Pride.<br />
* The "$50,000 Gong" - loosely based on ''[[The Gong Show]]'' - in which listeners come to the Edge studios and present their talent (either by demonstrating something sufficiently impressive or sufficiently disgusting) to the on-air personalities; whom hit a [[gong]] if they don't like it. The listeners who don't get "gonged" qualify for the final round, where one listener will be awarded $50,000. On October 27, the Edge announced that James McAndrew was the winner, with his "fart on command" talent.<br />
* The "Edge Youtube Challenge", in which listeners post videos on [[YouTube]]. The videos must include the Edge logo and "102.1 The Edge" in the video title. Four prizes of $1000.00 and 1 grand prize of $5000.00 are to be rewarded.<br />
<br />
The show also has a number of recurring games, with smaller prizes. These include:<br />
* Stump The Show, where callers try to stump the hosts with a question. Due to a convoluted series of rules (including not being able to say "um", "uh" or "no"), this game is generally won by the show, rather than a caller (in which case no prize is awarded).<br />
* "Wha' Happen?"; in which callers try to impress the hosts with strange stories of problems in their lives. Blundell, Barr and Shapiro tend to prefer stories dealing with flatulence, sexual mishaps and the like.<br />
* "What's Wrong With You?"; a similar call-in contest to "Wha' Happen?", except listeners share interesting and often disgusting, crude or sexual stories about what's wrong with them or their family.<br />
* "The Very Next Prize"; Dean and the guys name a list of prizes to a caller. After one of the prizes the caller says "STOP" and receives the very next prize. If the caller is unlucky he will get the NOTHING slot. This contest was inspired from an incident in February 2008 where a woman accidentally called for a contest on another radio station called "Press Your Luck." Dean offered her a number of prizes in the first envelope including a trip for 2 to the Barbados, and when she said stop, he went to "the very next prize", which was a slice of Havarti cheese.<br />
<br />
==Other on-air personalities==<br />
===Alan Cross===<br />
{{main|Alan Cross}}<br />
Alan Cross started at CFNY in October 1986 doing the overnight show. He held the position of [[program director]] for the station from 2004 to 2008. He continues to host the ''[[The Ongoing History of New Music]]'', which runs Sundays at 9:00 a.m. and is rebroadcast Mondays at 11:00 PM. Cross is also now the host of a daily half hour show, ''ExploreMusic'', which broadcasts at 7:00 p.m. The show is as the title suggest and attempts to bring a diverse selection of music to listeners. Since the shows are only half hour segments there is a large online portion where fans can listen and explore more of what they hear on air. As well, he creates a daily, minute-long segment of the ''Ongoing History'', that is played sporadically during the day's commercial breaks (as well as via a [[podcast]]); upwards of 5,000 segments have been produced.<ref>{{cite episode<br />
| title = 500th Show<br />
| series = The Ongoing History of New Music<br />
| serieslink = The Ongoing History of New Music<br />
| credits = Alan Cross (writer/host), Rob Johnston (producer)<br />
| station = CFNY-FM<br />
| city = Toronto<br />
| transcripturl = http://www.edge.ca/station/ongoing_history_of_new_music.cfm?rem=21235&pge=1&arc=2<br />
}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Dave "Bookie" Bookman===<br />
[[Image:Bookie.jpg|thumb|right|Dave "Bookie" Bookman]]<br />
Dave Bookman currently works the evening timeslot, from 7:00 p.m until 11:00 p.m, though he joined the radio station in 1991 (and is one of only two on-air personalities from that time that are still at the radio station), as a street reporter for their no longer existent ''Live in Toronto'' show. Bookman often talks about his love of [[sport]]s, [[soap opera]]s and [[independent music]], and also often has interviews with various [[musical artist|artist]]s, [[sports commentator]]s and [[movie reviewer]]s. As well, he is often given brand new music to premiere, or concerts to announce on his show.<br />
<br />
Bookman currently runs two regular contests:<br />
*"Bookie's College of Musical Knowledge", a trivia game involving three categories (generally about or related to music, but occasionally about other subject matters, most notably ''[[The Simpsons]]''), three answers and three contestants. The first contestant picks the category, and gets a question and three [[multiple choice]] answers to choose from. If answered wrongly, the question is posed to the second, and then the third, contestant. Before getting answers, Bookman always inquires as to where the contestant is calling from, and recommends a nearby place to visit, if he knows of one.<br />
*"Tums Up or Tums Down" is a new contest, which began on [[12 July]], [[2006]]. Two players relay something they feel passionately for or against, giving it a rating of "[[Thumbs up|Tums up]]" or "[[Thumbs down|Tums down]]" accordingly. Bookman, and two others (usually his producer Adam Ricard, and another station staffer, John "JD" Davies) then vote, by "[[secret ballot]]" &ndash; they each write down their choice, and then reveal them to the other judges &ndash; on which player's answer was best, with the majority vote getter being the winner. On the off-chance that there's a tie (very occasionally a judge will abstain), a coin has been flipped to select the winner. The contest is not currently sponsored by the [[antacid]] company; rather, the phrase is just used as [[wordplay]].<br />
<br />
Bookman also hosts ''Bookie's Free Nu Music Nite'', Tuesday nights at the [[Horseshoe Tavern]], and the ''Indy Hour'' program, an hour dedicated to independent music programming, Sunday nights at 8:00 p.m. Bookman is himself a former musician, who formed the band [[The Bookmen]] with [[Tim Mech]] in the early 1990s.<br />
<br />
===Josie Dye===<br />
Josie Dye generally is on-air from 10:00 a.m. until 2:00 p.m. Her show consists mostly of music, interspersed with stories that Dye either finds in the news or relates from her own personal experience. "The Nooner", an hour-long [[All Request]] period between noon and 1:00 p.m., also takes place during Dye's show, to which she often assigns an arbitrary theme (previous themes have included gay music to correspond with Toronto's [[Pride Week]], cover songs, and live sessions, which she has stated is her favourite theme). She also runs a small survey every day in order to pick the last song played on The Nooner, which is generally between two choices, and relate to the theme, if there is one for that day. In early 2009, The Nooner segment changed to The 90's Nooner, in which all songs played and requested must have been released during the 1990s. Josie plays several games with the listening audience during The 90's Nooner (including 90's Trivia).<br />
<br />
Dye runs two regular contests:<br />
*"Guess this Edge Artist", in which she gives a series of three or four bizarre clues pointing towards a [[musician]] or [[music group|group]], whose music is played on the radio station. In order to win, players must call in (other forms of entry, such as email, are not accepted) with the correct answer.<br />
*"90's Trivia", a contest that takes place daily during the Nooner. A wheel is spun and lands on a particular category (some include TV, music, etc.) and the answer for that category keeps with the "90s" theme (e.g. if it is movies, then the answer has to do with a move from the 90s). Two callers are on the line, and one is given first crack at guessing the answer she alludes to through the clue that she provides, if unsuccessful, the other gets a chance. If neither of the two are successful, she gives successive clues at which point if someone knows the answer they must say their name to "buzz in" and give what they think is the correct answer.<br />
<br />
Josie Dye also hosts the ''live-to-air'' broadcast from Republik nightclub, Friday nights from 2:00 a.m. until 5:00 a.m.<br />
Josie Dye has also had many complaints about her incapability of being a disc jockey on The Edge.<br />
<br />
===Darryl Spring===<br />
Darryl Spring started at CFNY in June 2005 and hosts some overnight shows along with Saturday Evenings (Countdown to Club 102 at the Phoenix). Darryl also has some interactive contests like the Edge Artist Showdown and the Album Title Challenge. On occasion he'll fill in for club DJ Craig G. Spring, along with Edge DJ Shawarma used to host a live-to-air show Saturday Nights around 2am.<br />
<br />
===Darrin Pfeiffer===<br />
[[Darrin Pfeiffer]], the drummer for the [[United States|American]] [[pop punk]] band [[Goldfinger (band)|Goldfinger]], joined CFNY in 2005 after moving to Toronto with his Canadian-born wife Vicky Montgomery. He currently hosts the overnight slot on Sundays. Darrin was born in the suburbs of nearby Buffalo, NY (in Akron), where CFNY broadcasts very clearly and enjoys a small but cult following among alt-rock fans of the WNY region.<br />
<br />
===Adwoa Nsiah-Yeboah===<br />
Adwoa Nsiah-Yeboah, winner of the "Edge Moderately Paid Employee" contest in February 2005, reports on traffic during the morning and drive home time slots.<br />
<br />
===Adam Ricard===<br />
Adam Ricard hosts overnight and weekend shifts at 102.1 the edge.<br />
<br />
===George Stroumboulopoulos===<br />
[[George Stroumboulopoulos]] originally started at CFNY as a street reporter for the now defunct ''Live in Toronto'' radio show. After the demise of the show, George left CFNY for the national exposure of [[MuchMusic]], and eventually ended up at CBC hosting ''[[The Hour (Canadian TV series)|The Hour]]''.<br />
He subsequently returned to CFNY to host the nationally syndicated ''Strombo Show'' from 5pm to 8pm on Sundays. The ''Strombo Show'' is a combination of music, celebrity guests, and calls from listeners.<ref name="thestromboshow.ca">{{cite web|title=The Strombo Show website|publisher=[http://thestromboshow.ca]|url=http://www.thestromboshow.ca/index.cfm}}</ref><br />
<br />
===LoriAnn Villani===<br />
LoriAnn Villani currently hosts the overnight show from 12am-5:30am Tuesday through Thursday. She can also be seen and heard at the Phoenix every Saturday night and the Velvet Underground on Sunday, taking over after Martin Streek was let go.<br />
<br />
===Jason Barr===<br />
Jason Barr was raised in the small [[Ontario]] city of [[Cambridge, Ontario|Cambridge]]. His father is a successful businessman and his mother a very popular newspaper columnist and TV personality. Jason started as a print model at the age of six and won his first acting audition during the same year with [[Al Waxman]] and ''[[Missing Treasures]]'', the popular [[Global Television Network|Global]] series. From there Jason was cast in the television series ''[[Due South]]'' (1994) with [[Paul Gross]]; ''[[The Howie Mandel Show]]'' and ''[[Kids in the Hall: Brain Candy]]'' (1996). He is currently enrolled in the integrated arts program at Eastwood in Kitchener, Ontario. He is an accomplished pianist and holds a second-degree brown belt in karate along with winning the Kata Tournament Championship in 1998. He also plays voice parts in tv like ''[[The Accuser]]'' and ''[[Erky Perky]]''.<br />
<br />
===Past personalities===<br />
{|width=80%<br />
|valign="top" align="left" width=33%|<br />
*[[Steve Anthony]]<br />
*Carlos Benevides<br />
*Mary Ellen Beninger<br />
*[[Don Berns]]<br />
*Brother Bill<br />
*Ron Bruchal<br />
*[[Kevin Brauch]]<br />
*Lee Carter<br />
*Reggie Cecchini<br />
*Nick Charles<br />
*Rick Charles<br />
*Daddy Cool<br />
*Sandra Crawford<br />
*[[Pete Cugno]]<br />
*Jim Duff<br />
*[[Dan Duran (broadcaster)|Dan Duran]]<br />
*Scott Eagleson<br />
*Dani Elwell<br />
*Alan Ericson<br />
*Brandon Davis<br />
*Phil Evans<br />
*Norah Fountain<br />
|valign="top" width=33%|<br />
*Pete Fowler<br />
*Artie Funkhouser<br />
*[[Lana Gay]]<br />
*Peter Goodwin<br />
*Pete Griffin<br />
*Ivar Hamilton<br />
*Mike Hanafin<br />
*Hal Harbour<br />
*[[Howard Glassman|Humble Howard]]<br />
*David Hight<br />
*Beverly Hills<br />
*Danielle Holke<br />
*Josh Holliday<br />
*[[Kim Hughes (radio)|Kim Hughes]]<br />
*Liz Janik<br />
*"Live" Earl Jive<br />
*"Deadly" Hedley Jones<br />
*John Jones<br />
*[[Benjamin Kowalewicz]]<br />
*Kneale Mann<br />
*[[David Marsden]]<br />
*Brad McNally<br />
|valign="top" width=33%|<br />
*Kevin O'Leary<br />
*John Osborne (John-e Oh)<br />
*[[Fred Patterson]]<br />
*Maie Pauts<br />
*Sandra Plagakis<br />
*David Pritchard<br />
*[[Skip Prokop]]<br />
*Jim Reid<br />
*[[David Haydu|Geets Romo]]<br />
*[[Reiner Schwarz]]<br />
*James Scott<br />
*[[Chris Sheppard (DJ)|Chris Sheppard]]<br />
*[[Martin Streek]]<br />
*Barry Taylor<br />
*Tina Trigiani<br />
*Skot Turner<br />
*Eddy Valiquette<br />
*Craig Venn<br />
*[[Erella Vent]]<br />
*Visnja<br />
*[[Ted Woloshyn]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[List of radio stations in Ontario]]<br />
* [[Edgefest]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://www.edge.ca/ 102.1 The Edge]<br />
* [http://www.broadcasting-history.ca/listings_and_histories/radio/histories.php?id=397&historyID=179 CFNY history at Canadian Communications Foundation]<br />
* [http://www.spiritofradio.ca/ spiritofradio.ca, a CFNY historical fan page]<br />
* [http://www.martinstreek.com/ martinstreek.com, a site by an Edge DJ]<br />
* {{RecnetCanada|CFNY-FM}}<br />
<br />
{{Toronto FM}}<br />
{{Corus Entertainment}}<br />
{{Brampton, Ontario}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Radio stations in Peel Region, Ontario|FNY]]<br />
[[Category:Corus Entertainment radio stations|FNY]]<br />
[[Category:Modern rock radio stations in Canada|FNY]]<br />
[[Category:Media in Brampton]]</div>Inomyabcs