Safaripark

2012-04-06T18:26:45Z

HasperHunter: Redundant

[[File:Giraffa camelopardalis -Safaripark Beekse Bergen-11July2009.jpg|thumb|300px|Giraffes at the Safaripark Beekse Bergen.]]

A '''safari park''', sometimes known as a '''wildlife park''', is a [[zoo]]-like commercial tourist attraction where visitors can drive in their own vehicles or ride in vehicles provided by the facility to observe freely roaming animals. The main attractions are frequently large animals from Sub-Saharan Africa such as [[giraffe]]s, [[lion]]s, [[rhinoceros]], [[elephant]]s, [[zebra]]s, and [[antelope]].

A safari park is larger than a zoo and smaller than [[game reserve]]s. For example, [[African Lion Safari]] near Cambridge, Ontario, Canada is {{convert|750|acre|km2}}. For comparison, [[Lake Nakuru]] in the [[Great Rift Valley, Kenya]], is {{Convert|168|km2}}, and a typical large game reserve is [[Tsavo East National Park|Tsavo East]], also in [[Kenya]], which encompasses {{Convert|11747|km2}}.

Safari parks often have other associated tourist attractions: golf courses, carnival rides, cafes/restaurants, miniature trains, and gift shops.

==History==
[[Image:Giraffes at west midlands safari park.jpg|thumb|275px|left|[[Giraffe]]s being fed by visitors in the [[West Midland Safari Park]]]]

The predecessor of safari parks is [[Africa U.S.A. Park]] (1953–1961) in Florida.<ref>Life, Vol.49, No.5, August 1, 1960, pp.1,30.</ref>

The first [[lion]] drive-through opened in 1963 in [[Tama Zoo|Tama Zoological Park]] in Tokyo. In double-glazed buses, visitors made a tour through a one-hectare enclosure with twelve [[lion]]s.

The first drive-through safari park outside of Africa opened in 1966 at [[Longleat Safari Park|Longleat]] in [[Wiltshire]], England.<ref>[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article737168.ece The lions and loins of Longleat] ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' Retrieved February 18, 2011</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=trZX7dbuW54C&pg=PA554&dq=longleat%20first%20safari%20park&hl=en&ei=OERgTfLoD46P4Qb62p3YCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=longleat%20first%20safari%20park&f=false New Scientist 2 Dec 1982] Retrieved 18 February 2011</ref> Longleat, Windsor, Woburn and arguably the whole concept of safari parks were the brainchild of Jimmy Chipperfield (1912–1990), former co-director of [[Chipperfield's Circus]].<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2010/may/15/chipperfields-circus-family-dynasties Great dynasties of the world: The Chipperfields] ''[[The Guardian]]'' Retrieved February 18, 2011</ref> Longleat's [[Marquess of Bath]] agreed Chiperfield's proposition to fence off {{Convert|40|ha}} of his vast Wiltshire estate to house 50 lions.
Knowsley, the [[Earl of Derby]]'s estate outside [[Liverpool]], and the [[Duke of Bedford]]'s Woburn estate in [[Bedfordshire]] both established their own safari parks with Chiperfield's partnership.
Another circus family, the Smart Brothers, joined the safari park business by opening a park at [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]] for visitors from London. The former [[Windsor Safari Park]] was in [[Berkshire, England]], but closed in 1992 and has since been made into a [[Legoland Windsor|Legoland]].
There is also Chipperfield's "Scotland Safari Park" established on [[Baronet]] Sir John Muir's estate at [[Blair Drummond]] near [[Stirling]], and the American-run "West Midland Safari and Leisure Park" near [[Birmingham]].
One park along with Jimmy Chipperfield at [[Lambton Castle]] in the [[North East England]] has closed.

Between 1967 and 1974, [[Lion Country Safari]], Inc. opened 6 animal parks, one near each of the following American cities: [[West Palm Beach, Florida]]; [[Los Angeles, California]]; [[Dallas, Texas]]; [[Atlanta, Georgia]]; [[Cincinnati, Ohio]]; and [[Richmond, Virginia]]. The first park, in South Florida, is the only [[Lion Country Safari]] still in operation.

[[Burgers' Zoo]] at [[Arnhem, Netherlands]], opened a "safari park" in 1968 within a traditional [[zoo]]. In 1995, Burgers' Safari modified this to a walking safari with a {{Convert|250|m|sing=on}} board walk. Another safari park in the Netherlands is [[Safaripark Beekse Bergen]].

Most safari parks were established in a short period of ten years, between 1966 and 1975.

*'''Europe'''
**'''Great Britain''' : [[Longleat Safari Park|Longleat]] (1966), [[Windsor Safari Park|Windsor]] (1969–1992), [[Woburn Safari Park|Woburn]] (1970), [[Blair Drummond Safari Park|Blair Drummond]] (1970), [[Knowsley Safari Park|Knowsley]] (1971), [[Lambton Castle|Lambton]] (''[[Lambton Lion Park|Lion Park]]'', 1972–1980), Bewdley (''[[West Midland Safari Park]]'', 1973)
**'''France''' : [[Château of Thoiry|Thoiry]] (''Réserve Africaine'', 1968), Peaugres (''Safari de Peaugres'', 1974), Sigean (''Réserve africaine de Sigean'', 1974), Saint-Vrain (''Parc du Safari de Saint-Vrain'', 1975–1998), Port-Saint-Père (''[[Planete Sauvage (safari park)|Planète Sauvage]]'', 1992)
**'''Netherlands''' : Hilvarenbeek (''[[Safaripark Beekse Bergen]]'', 1968)
**'''Germany''' : Gelsenkirchen (''Löwenpark'', 1968–1989), Tüddern (''Löwen-Safari'',1968–1990), Stuckenbrock (''Hollywood und Safaripark'', 1969), Hodenhagen (''[[Serengeti Park]]'', 1974)
**'''Italy''' : Bussolengo (''Safari del Garda'', 1969), Fasano (''[[Zoosafari (Fasano)|Zoosafari]]'', 1973), Pombia (''[[Zoo Safari (Pombia)|Zoo Safari]]'', 1976)
**'''Denmark''' : Givskud (''[[Løveparken]]'', 1969), Knuthenborg (''Knuthenborg Safaripark'', 1969)
**'''Sweden''' : [[Kolmården]] (''[[Safari Park (Kolmården)|Safari Park]]'', 1972–2011), Smålandet (''Markaryds Älg & Bison Safari'',?)
**'''Austria''' : Gänserndorf (''[[Gänserndorf Safari Park|Safaripark]]'', 1972–2004)
**'''Spain''' : Cabárceno (''Parque de la Naturaleza'', 1990)
**'''Russia''' : [[Kudykina Gora]] ([[:ru:Кудыкина гора|Кудыкина гора]])

*'''Americas'''
**'''United States'''
***Florida : Loxahatchee (''[[Lion Country Safari]]'', 1967)
***California : Escondido (''[[San Diego Zoo Safari Park]]'', formely ''San Diego Wild Animal Park'', 1972)
***Louisiana : Epps (''[[High Delta Safari Park]]'')
***Maryland : Largo (''The Largo Wildlife Preserve'', 1973–1978, now the site of Six Flags America)
***Nebraska : Ashland (''Lee G. Simmons Conservation Park and Wildlife Safari'')
***New Jersey: Jackson (''Great Adventure'', 1974, now the site of Six Flags Great Adventure & Wild Safari)
***New Jersey: West Milford ("Warner Brothers Jungle Habitat", 1972-1976)
***Texas : Grand Prairie (''[[Lion Country Safari]]'', 1971–1992), [[San Antonio, Texas|San Antonio]] (''[[Natural Bridge Wildlife Ranch]]'', 1984), Glen Rose (''Fossil Rim Wildlife Ranch'', 1984)
***Oregon : Winston (''[[Wildlife Safari]]'', 1973)
***Ohio : Port Clinton (''[[African Safari Wildlife Park]]'', 1973), Mason (''Lion Country Safari'' at [[Kings Island]], 1974–1993)
***Virginia : Doswell (''Lion Country Safari'' at [[Kings Dominion]], 1974–1993), Shenandoah Valley ([http://www.virginiasafaripark.com ''Virginia Safari Park''], 2000)
***Georgia : Pine Mountain (''Wild Animal Safari'', 1991)
**'''Canada'''
***Ontario : Rockton (''[[African Lion Safari]]'', 1969)
***Quebec : Hemmingford (''Parc Safari Africain'', 1972)
**'''Mexico''' : Puebla (''[[Africam Safari]]'', 1972)
**'''Chile''' : Rancagua (''Safari Park Rancagua'', 2009)

*'''Asia'''
** '''Bangladesh''' : [[Cox's Bazar]] (''[[Dulhazra Safari Park|Dulahazara Safari Park]]'', 1999)
** '''Israel''' : Ramat-Gan (1974)
** '''Japan''' : [[Miyazaki, Miyazaki|Miyazaki]] (''[[Safari Park (Miyazaki)|Safari Park]]'', 1975), [[Usa, Ōita|Usa]] (''Kyushu African Safari'', 1976), [[Mine, Yamaguchi|Mine]] (''Akiyoshidai Safari Land'', 1977), [[Tomioka, Gunma|Tomioka]] (''Gunma Safari Park'', 1979), [[Susono, Shizuoka|Susono]] (''Fuji Safari Park'', 1980), [[Himeji, Hyōgo|Himeji]] (''[[Himeji Central Park|Central Park]]'', 1984)
** '''Philippines''' : Calauit (''Calauit Safari'', 1975)
** '''Pakistan''': [[Lahore]] (''[[Lahore Zoo Safari]]'', 2009, formerly ''Lahore Wildlife Park'', 1982)
** '''Thailand''' : [[Bangkok]] (''[[Safari World]]'', 1988)
** '''China''' : [[Shenzhen]] (''[[Safari Park (Shenzhen)|Safari Park]]'', 1993), [[Shanghai]] (''[[Wild Animal Park (Shanghai)|Wild Animal Park]]'', 1995), [[Guangzhou]] (''Xiangjiang Safari Park'', 1997), [[Jinan]] (''[[Safari Park (Jinan)|Safari Park]]'', 1999), [[Badaling]] (''[[Safari World (Badaling)|Safari World]]'', 2001)
** '''Indonesia''' : [[Taman Safari]], with three locations in [[Bogor]], [[Mount Arjuno]] and [[Bali]].
** '''Malaysia''' : Malacca (''[[A' Famosa Resort|A'Famosa Animal World Safari]]'')
** '''Singapore''' : (''[[Night Safari, Singapore]]'')

*'''Oceania'''
**'''Australia''' : [[Warragamba]] (''[[African Lion Safari (Warragamba)|African Lion Safari]]'', 1968-1991)

*'''Africa'''
**'''Egypt''' : [[Alexandria]] (''Africa Safari Park'', 2004)

==See also==
*''[[SimSafari]]'': a computer game simulating the management of a safari park

==Notes==
{{commons category|Safari Park}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*Jimmy CHIPPERFIELD, ''My Wild Life''. Macmillan, London (1975). 219 p. ISBN 0333180445

{{Zoos}}
{{Amusement Parks}}

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[[Category:Amusement parks]]
[[Category:Zoos]]

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Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Safaripark