Englischsprachige Wikipedia

2012-12-02T16:52:44Z

Gdaniel111:

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2012}}
{{pp-move-indef}}
{{Infobox website
| name = {{Wiki favicon}} English Wikipedia
| logo = [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.svg|Logo of the English Wikipedia]]
| screenshot = [[File:Wikipedia screenshot.png|280px|The [[Main Page]] of the English Wikipedia on 31 January 2009]]
| collapsible = yes
| caption = [[en.wikipedia.org]]
| slogan = The Free Encyclopedia
| url = [[Main Page|en.wikipedia.org]]
| commercial = Charitable
| launch date = 15 January 2001
| type = [[Internet encyclopedia project]]
| registration = Optional (required to create articles)
| content license = {{nobr|[[Creative Commons licenses|Creative Commons Attribution/<br />Share-Alike]] 3.0}} (most text also dual-licensed under [[GFDL]])<br />Media licensing varies
| owner = [[Wikimedia Foundation]]
| author=[[Jimmy Wales]], [[Larry Sanger]]<ref name=foundercontroversy>There is some controversy over who founded Wikipedia. Wikipedia's official [http://web.archive.org/web/20011104094947/www.wikipedia.com/wiki/Wikipedia personnel page from September 2001] states Wales and Sanger were the two co-founders, and that there was no editor-in-chief. Wales considers himself to be the sole founder of Wikipedia and has told the ''[[Boston Globe]]'' that "it's preposterous" to call Sanger the co-founder. However, Sanger strongly contests that description. He was identified as a co-founder of Wikipedia at least as early as September 2001 and referred to himself that way as early as January 2002.
* {{Cite news|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html|author=Jonathan Sidener|title =Everyone's Encyclopedia|accessdate =15 October 2006|publisher=San Diego Union Tribune|date = 6 December 2004}}
* {{Cite news|author=Peter Meyers|title=Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fC%2fComputer%20Software|work=New York Times|accessdate=15 October 2006|date=20 September 2001}}
* {{Cite web|url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_and_why_it_matters&oldid=149626|author=Sanger, Larry|title=What Wikipedia is and why it matters|accessdate =12 April 2006|authorlink=Larry Sanger}}</ref>
}}

The '''English Wikipedia''' is the [[English language|English-language]] edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia. Founded on 15 January 2001 and reaching four million articles by July 2012,<ref>{{cite news |first=Bobbie |last=Johnson |date=17 August 2009 |title=English Wikipedia hits three million articles |url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/blog/2009/aug/17/wikipedia-three-million |work=The Guardian |location=UK | accessdate=17 August 2009}}</ref> it was the first edition of Wikipedia and remains the largest, with almost three times as many articles as the next largest, the [[German Wikipedia]]. As of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, nearly {{#expr:({{NUMBEROF|ARTICLES|en}} * 100 / {{NUMBEROF|ARTICLES|total}}) round 1}}% of articles in all Wikipedias belong to the English language edition. This share has gradually declined from more than 50% in 2003, due to the growth of Wikipedias in other languages.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Wikipedias&oldid=520778 |title=List of Wikipedias |author=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki |date=21 September 2008 |accessdate=21 September 2008}}</ref> There are [[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]] articles on the site (live count).<ref>The number of articles on the English Wikipedia is shown by the [[MediaWiki]] variable {{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}, with all Wikipedias as total {{NUMBEROF|ARTICLES|total}} = {{formatnum:{{NUMBEROF|ARTICLES|total}}}}.</ref> In January 2012, the combined text of the English Wikipedia's articles totalled approximately 9.7 [[gigabyte]]s.<ref>[http://www.webpronews.com/download-wikipedia-in-english-all-9-7gb-of-it-2012-04 "Download Wikipedia In English – All 9.7GB Of It"]. 9 April 2012. Retrieved 2012-04-10.</ref>

The first Wikipedia articles were created between September 2001 and January 2002.

The [[Simple English Wikipedia]] is a variation, with most of the articles using a simplified level of English vocabulary.

== Pioneering edition ==
[[File:Languages in Wikipedia.jpg|thumb|left|Percentages of articles written in various language families. English highlighted has 22% of articles (6 September 2009).]]
The English Wikipedia was the first Wikipedia edition and has remained the largest. It has pioneered many ideas as conventions, policies or features which were later adopted by some of the other-language Wikipedia editions. These ideas include "featured articles",<ref>{{cite web | url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Featured_articles&oldid=104207677 | title=Featured articles | author=English Wikipedia | date=30 January 2007 | accessdate=30 January 2007}}</ref>
the neutral-point-of-view policy,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view&oldid=103033132 | title=Neutral point of view | author=English Wikipedia | date=25 January 2007 | accessdate=30 January 2007}}</ref> navigation templates,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Template&oldid=520481 | title=Help:Template | author=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki | date=29 January 2007 | accessdate=30 January 2007}}</ref>
the sorting of short "stub" articles into sub-categories,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:WikiProject_Stub_sorting&oldid=101829026 | title=WikiProject Stub sorting | author=English Wikipedia | date=19 January 2007 | accessdate=30 January 2007}}</ref> [[dispute resolution]] mechanisms such as mediation and arbitration,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Resolving_disputes&oldid=103577785 | title=Resolving disputes | author=English Wikipedia | date=27 January 2007 | accessdate=30 January 2007}}</ref>
and weekly collaborations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Article_Creation_and_Improvement_Drive&oldid=104243512|title=Article Creation and Improvement Drive|author=English Wikipedia|date=30 January 2007|accessdate=30 January 2007}}</ref>

The English Wikipedia has adopted features from the [[German Wikipedia]], and from smaller editions. These features include verified revisions from the German Wikipedia (dewiki), and town population-lookup templates from the Dutch Wikipedia (nlwiki).

Although the English Wikipedia stores images and audio files, as well as text files, many of the images have been moved to [[Wikimedia Commons]] with the same name, as passed-through files. However, the English Wikipedia also has [[fair-use]] images and audio/video files (with copyright restrictions), most of which are not allowed on Commons.

Many of the most active participants in the [[Wikimedia Foundation]], and the developers of the [[MediaWiki]] software that powers Wikipedia, are English Wikipedia users.

== Users and editors ==
{| align="right"
|-
| {{bar box
|title=Origin of edits (11/11 – 10/12) [http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageEditsPerLanguageBreakdown.htm Source]
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=250px
|bars=
{{bar percent|United States|Black|40.5}}
{{bar percent|United Kingdom|Blue|16.7}}
{{bar percent|Canada|Red|6.0}}
{{bar percent|India|Orange|4.7}}
{{bar percent|Australia|Purple|4.1}}
{{bar percent|Germany|Green|2.0}}
{{bar percent|Philippines|DeepPink|1.4}}
{{bar percent|Netherlands|Purple|1.2}}
{{bar percent|Italy|Orange|1.0}}
{{bar percent|New Zealand|Black|1.0}}
{{bar percent|Ireland|Yellow|0.9}}
{{bar percent|Brazil|Brown|0.9}}
{{bar percent|France|Black|0.8}}
{{bar percent|Sweden|Black|0.8}}
{{bar percent|Spain|Black|0.8}}
{{bar percent|Pakistan|Black|0.7}}
{{bar percent|Russia|Black|0.6}}
{{bar percent|Israel|Black|0.6}}
{{bar percent|Japan|Black|0.6}}
{{bar percent|Poland|Black|0.5}}
{{bar percent|Norway|Black|0.5}}
{{bar percent|Hong Kong|Black|0.5}}
{{bar percent|Malaysia|Black|0.5}}
{{bar percent|Greece|Black|0.5}}
{{bar percent|Indonesia|Black|0.5}}
{{bar percent|Other|grey|11.3}}
}}
|}
[[File:English wikipedia map.png|thumb|right|The countries in which the English Wikipedia is the most popular language version of Wikipedia are shown in blue. Other countries are shown in yellow.<ref name="stats">{{cite web|url=http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageViewsPerCountryTrends.htm|title=Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report – Wikipedia Page Views Per Country – Trends|author=Erik Zachte|date=14 November 2011|publisher=Wikimedia Statistics|accessdate=19 January 2011}}</ref>]]

<center>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+ '''English Wikipedia statistics'''
|-
! Number of user accounts !! Number of articles !! Number of files !!Number of administrators
|-
| {{NUMBEROFUSERS}} || {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} || {{NUMBEROFFILES}} || {{NUMBEROFADMINS}}
|}
</center>

[[File:Wiki feel stupid v2.ogv|thumb|left|In April 2009, the [[Wikimedia Foundation]] conducted a usability study on the English Wikipedia, questioning users about the editing mechanism.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://usability.wikimedia.org/wiki/Usability_and_Experience_Study |title=Usability and Experience Study |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]] |accessdate=19 January 2012}}</ref>]]

The English Wikipedia reached 4,000,000 registered user accounts on 1 April 2007,<ref name="4,564,000">[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2007-04-02/News and notes]]. Retrieved 20 April 2007</ref> just a little over a year since it had crossed a threshold of 1,000,000 registered user accounts in late February 2006.<ref name="1,000,000">[[Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2006-02-27/News and notes]]. Retrieved 20 April 2007</ref>

About 250,000 new accounts are created every month.{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}} About 300,000 editors have edited Wikipedia more than 10 times.{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}} Approximately the same number, 300,000 editors, edit Wikipedia every month; of these, about 50,000 perform more than 5 edits, and 5,000 perform more than 100 edits.{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}} By 24 November 2011, a total of 500 million edits had been performed on the English Wikipedia.{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}}

A 2008 survey provided some basic information on the demographics and motivations of Wikipedia editors.<ref>[http://blog.wikimedia.org/blog/2010/04/02/new-reports-from-november-2008-survey-released/ New Reports from November 2008 Survey Released], Wikimedia Blog, 2 April 2010</ref>

As the largest Wikipedia edition, and because English is such a widely-used language, the English Wikipedia draws many users and editors whose [[native language]] is not English. Such users may seek information from the English Wikipedia rather than the Wikipedia of their native language because the English Wikipedia tends to contain more information about general subjects. Successful collaborations have developed between non-native English speakers who add content to English Wikipedia and native English speakers who act as copyeditors for them.

=== Arbitration Committee ===
{{Main|Arbitration Committee (English Wikipedia)}}
The English Wikipedia has an Arbitration Committee (also known as ArbCom) that consists of a panel of editors that imposes binding rulings with regard to disputes between other editors of the online encyclopedia.<ref name='AU'>{{cite web|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/in-depth/democracy-for-knowalls/2006/11/30/1164777721624.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap2 |title=Know-alls |accessdate= 15 June 2009 |last=Schiff |first=Stacy |date=2 December 2006 |work=The Age |location=Australia |publisher=Fairfax Digital Network }}</ref> The Committee was created by [[Jimmy Wales]] on 4 December 2003 as an extension of the decision-making power he had formerly held as owner of the site.<ref name='Wales1'>{{cite web|url=http://markmail.org/message/komcldyapats43xj#query:+page:1+mid:komcldyapats43xj+state:results |title= WikiEN-l Wikiquette committee appointments |accessdate=9 June 2009 |last=Wales |first=Jimmy |date=4 December 2003 |work=Wikipedia |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]] }}</ref><ref name='SSRN'>{{cite journal|title=Wikitruth Through Wikiorder |journal=Emory Law Journal|year=2010|first=David A.|last=Hoffman|coauthors=Salil Mehra |volume=59|issue=2010|ssrn=1354424}}</ref>
[[File:Enwiki-map.png|thumb|right|Top 25 countries from which [[Wikipedians]] contribute. Countries in which the majority of the population are native English speakers are in dark green; countries with English as a mostly second language are in light green. However, people in many other nations also contribute to the English Wikipedia.<ref name="stats">{{cite web|url=http://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/squids/SquidReportPageEditsPerLanguageBreakdown.htm|title=Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report – Page Edits Per Wikipedia Language – Breakdown|author=Erik Zachte|date= 14 November 2011|publisher=Wikimedia Statistics|accessdate=19 January 2011}}</ref>]]

When initially founded, the Committee consisted of 12 [[arbitrators]] divided into three groups of four members each.<ref name='Wales1'/><ref name='Fortune'>{{cite web|url=http://money.cnn.com/2006/05/31/magazines/fortune/mysql_greatteams_fortune/index.htm |title=Secrets of Greatness: Great Teams |accessdate= 15 June 2009 |last=Hyatt |first=Josh |date=1 June 2006 |work=Fortune |publisher=[[Time Warner]] }}</ref> Since then, the Committee has gradually expanded to its membership to 18 arbitrators.<ref name='Wales2'>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&oldid=259248025 |title=ArbCom Appointments |accessdate=14 June 2009 |last=Wales |first=Jimmy |date= 20 December 2008 |work=Wikipedia }}</ref>

Like other aspects of the English Wikipedia, Wikipedia's sister projects have emulated the Arbitration Committee with their own similar versions. In 2007, an Arbitration Committee was founded on the [[German Wikipedia]] called the Schiedsrichter.<ref name='dewiki-2007'>{{cite web|url=http://www.heise.de/newsticker/Wikipedia-sucht-Schiedsrichter--/meldung/89083 |title=Wikipedia sucht Schiedsrichter |accessdate= 9 June 2009 |last=Kleinz |first=Torsten |date= 30 April 2007 |publisher=heise online |language=German }}</ref>

== Controversies ==
{{See also|Wikipedia biography controversy|Essjay controversy}}
Among the controversies in the English Wikipedia is a debate over which national [[List of dialects of the English language|variety]] of the English language is to be preferred, with the most commonly advocated candidates being [[American English]] and [[British English]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_%28spelling%29|title=Wikipedia:Manual of Style (spelling)|author=English Wikipedia|accessdate=25 February 2006}}</ref> Many suggestions have been proposed by editors, ranging from standardizing upon a single form of English to [[fork (software)|forking]] the English Wikipedia project. A style guideline states, "the English Wikipedia has no general preference for a major national variety of the language" and "an article on a topic that has strong ties to a particular English-speaking nation uses the appropriate variety of English for that nation".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#National_varieties_of_English|title=Wikipedia:Manual of Style|author=English Wikipedia|accessdate=10 October 2007}}</ref> An article should use spelling and grammar variants consistently; for example, ''color'' and ''colour'' are not to be used in the same article, since they represent American and British English, respectively. The guide also states that an article must remain in the same national variant in which it was first created, or which first became discernible in the article's history.

There has been a [[Chinese Wikipedia#Automatic conversion between traditional and simplified Chinese|similar issue in the Chinese language Wikipedia]] concerning regional differences in how the language is written, as well as in the [[Portuguese Wikipedia]] between [[European Portuguese]] and [[Brazilian Portuguese]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2011}}

Incidents of [[cyberbullying]] on Wikipedia have been reported in the mainstream press.<ref name="LATimes">{{cite news| url=http://articles.latimes.com/2008/apr/29/local/me-wikipedia29 | work=Los Angeles Times | first=Molly | last=Hennessy-Fiske | title=Wikipedia threats went unchecked – Los Angeles Times | date=29 April 2008}}</ref><ref name="ABCLocal">[http://abclocal.go.com/kabc/story?section=news/local&id=6087243 Hacienda Heights school receives possible threat | abc7.com]</ref><ref name="LATimes2">{{cite news |title=Student arrested for violent threats on Wikipedia |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2008/04/wiki.html?cid=6a00d8341c630a53ef011571abd811970b |work=Los Angeles Times |date=29 April 2008 |accessdate=19 January 2012}}</ref> The [[Glen A. Wilson High School]] was subject of such a threat in 2008,<ref name="LATimes" /><ref name="ABCLocal" /><ref name="LATimes2" /> and a 14-year-old boy was arrested for making a threat against [[Niles West High School]] on Wikipedia in 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.pantagraph.com/news/article_baef01f3-e56f-52e1-b9af-e90eb83e811b.html|title=Teen charged after threat to school on Wikipedia|date=31 October 2006|agency=Associated Press |publisher=Pantagraph.com|accessdate=26 January 2011|location=Bloomington, IL}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Reliability of Wikipedia]]
* [[Community of Wikipedia]]
* [[History of Wikipedia]]
* [[Simple English Wikipedia]]
* [[Wikipedia community]]
* [[English Wikipedia blackout]]

== Notes and references ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|English Wikipedia}}
* [http://en.wikipedia.org English Wikipedia] 
* [http://en.m.wikipedia.org English Wikipedia mobile]
* [[:meta:English Wikipedia|English Wikipedia on Meta-Wiki]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia.org multilingual portal]
* [http://wikimediafoundation.org Wikimedia Foundation]

{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wikipedias}}



[[Category:Internet properties established in 2001]]
[[Category:English-language encyclopedias|Wikipedia]]
[[Category:Wikipedias by language]]

[[af:Engelse Wikipedia]]
[[ar:ويكيبيديا الإنجليزية]]
[[ast:Uiquipedia n'inglés]]
[[az:İngiliscə Vikipediya]]
[[bn:ইংরেজি উইকিপিডিয়া]]
[[map-bms:Wikipedia basa Inggris]]
[[be:Англійская Вікіпедыя]]
[[be-x-old:Ангельская Вікіпэдыя]]
[[bg:Уикипедия на английски език]]
[[ca:Viquipèdia en anglès]]
[[cv:Акăлчан Википедийĕ]]
[[cs:Anglická Wikipedie]]
[[cy:Wicipedia Saesneg]]
[[da:Engelsk Wikipedia]]
[[et:Ingliskeelne Vikipeedia]]
[[el:Αγγλική Βικιπαίδεια]]
[[es:Wikipedia en inglés]]
[[eo:Anglalingva Vikipedio]]
[[eu:Ingelesezko Wikipedia]]
[[fa:ویکی‌پدیای انگلیسی]]
[[fr:Wikipédia en anglais]]
[[ga:Vicipéid an Bhéarla]]
[[gl:Wikipedia en inglés]]
[[ko:영어 위키백과]]
[[hi:अंग्रेज़ी विकिपीडिया]]
[[hr:Wikipedija na engleskom jeziku]]
[[ig:Wikipedia nke ndị bekee]]
[[id:Wikipedia bahasa Inggris]]
[[it:Wikipedia in inglese]]
[[he:ויקיפדיה האנגלית]]
[[ka:ინგლისური ვიკიპედია]]
[[sw:Wikipedia ya Kiingereza]]
[[la:Vicipaedia Anglica]]
[[lv:Vikipēdija angļu valodā]]
[[lt:Angliškoji Vikipedija]]
[[hu:Angol Wikipédia]]
[[mk:Википедија на англиски јазик]]
[[ml:ഇംഗ്ലീഷ് വിക്കിപീഡിയ]]
[[arz:ويكيبيديا انجليزى]]
[[ms:Wikipedia bahasa Inggeris]]
[[nl:Engelstalige Wikipedia]]
[[ja:英語版ウィキペディア]]
[[no:Engelsk Wikipedia]]
[[uz:Ingliz Vikipediyasi]]
[[pa:ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ]]
[[km:វិគីភីឌាភាសាអង់គ្លេស]]
[[pl:Anglojęzyczna Wikipedia]]
[[pt:Wikipédia em inglês]]
[[ro:Wikipedia în engleză]]
[[ru:Английская Википедия]]
[[sah:Ааҥллыы Бикипиэдьийэ]]
[[simple:English Wikipedia]]
[[sk:Anglická Wikipédia]]
[[ckb:ویکیپیدیای ئینگلیزی]]
[[sr:Википедија на енглеском језику]]
[[sh:Engleska Wikipedija]]
[[fi:Wikipedia:Englanninkielinen Wikipedia]]
[[sv:Engelskspråkiga Wikipedia]]
[[ta:ஆங்கில விக்கிப்பீடியா]]
[[tt:Инглиз Википедиясе]]
[[th:วิกิพีเดียภาษาอังกฤษ]]
[[tr:İngilizce Vikipedi]]
[[uk:Англійська Вікіпедія]]
[[ur:انگریزی ویکیپیڈیا]]
[[vep:Anglijan Vikipedii]]
[[vi:Wikipedia tiếng Anh]]
[[wuu:英语维基百科]]
[[yi:ענגלישע וויקיפעדיע]]
[[zh-yue:英文維基百科]]
[[diq:Wikipediya İngılızki]]
[[bat-smg:Onglėška Vikipedėjė]]
[[zh:英語維基百科]]

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