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Prisoners (Temporary Discharge for Ill Health) Act 1913

2012-12-17T12:56:11Z

Entropy: Reverted edits by 92.21.235.245 (talk) to last revision by ClueBot NG (HG)

{{One source|date=November 2008}}
[[File:Cat and Mouse Act Poster - 1914.jpg|thumb|300px|WSPU poster 1914 - Museum of London]]
The '''Prisoners (Temporary Discharge for Ill Health) Act 1913''' (also known as the '''"[[Predation|Cat and Mouse]] Act"''') was an [[Act of Parliament]] passed in [[United Kingdom|Britain]] under [[Herbert Henry Asquith]]'s [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] government in 1913. It made legal the hunger strikes that [[Suffragette]]s were undertaking at the time and stated that they would be released from prison as soon as they became ill.

==Government use==
After the act was introduced suffragettes were no longer [[force-feeding|force-fed]] during their time in prison, which had previously been common practice to combat the hunger strikes. Rather, suffragettes on hunger strike were kept in prison until they became extremely weak, at which point they would be released to recover. This allowed the government to claim that any harm (or even death) which resulted from the starvation was entirely the fault of the suffragette. After this, any wrongdoing on the part of the suffragette would see them put straight back in prison.

==Background==
To attain the goal of suffrage on the same basis as men, the [[Women's Social and Political Union]] (WSPU, known colloquially as the [[suffragette]]s) engaged in acts of protest such as the breaking of windows, arson, and the "technical assault" (without causing harm) of police officers. Many WSPU members were jailed for these offences. In response to what the organisation viewed as brutal punishment and harsh treatment by the government at the time, imprisoned WSPU members embarked on a sustained campaign of [[hunger strike]]s. Some women were freed on taking this action, but this rendered the policy of imprisonment of suffragettes futile.

So, the government turned to a policy of [[force feeding]] hunger-strikers by [[nasogastric tube]]. Repeated uses of this process often caused sickness, which served the WSPU's aims of demonstrating the government's treatment of the prisoners.

Faced with growing public disquiet over the tactic of force feeding, and the determination of the jailed suffragettes to continue their strikes, the government rushed the Act through Parliament. The effect of the Act was to permit the release of prisoners who were suffering illness for them to recuperate; however, the police were free to re-imprison offenders again once they had recovered. The intention of the Act was to counter the tactic of hunger strikes undertaken by jailed [[suffragette]]s and the damaging consequences for the government's support among (male) voters by the [[force feeding]] of women prisoners. If anything, the Act lost the Liberal government support.

==Women writing about the experience of being forcibly fed==

In a book called ''Suffrage and the Pankhursts'', Jane Marcus argues that forcible feeding was the main image of the women's suffrage movement in the public imagination. Women wrote about how the experience made them feel in letters, diaries, speeches and suffrage publications, including ''Votes for Women'' and ''The Suffragette''. One of the force-fed suffragettes, [[Constance Lytton|Lady Constance Lytton]], wrote a book that suggested that working-class women were more likely to be forcibly fed in prison than upper-class women. In general, the procedure was described as a physical and mental violation that caused pain, suffering, emotional distress, humiliation, anguish and rage.

==Unintended consequences==
The ineffectiveness of the Act was very soon evident as the authorities experienced much more difficulty than anticipated in re-arresting the released hunger-strikers, many of whom eluded the police with the help of a network of suffragette sympathisers. The inability of the government to lay its hands on high-profile suffragettes transformed what had been intended as a discreet device to control suffragette hunger-strikers into a public scandal.

This act was aimed at suppressing the power of the organisation by demoralising the activists, but turned out to be counter-productive as it undermined the [[moral authority]] of the government. The Act was viewed as violating basic human rights, not only of the suffragettes but of other prisoners. The Act's nickname of ''Cat and Mouse Act'', referring to the way the government seemed to play with prisoners as a cat may with a captured mouse, underlined how the cruelty of repeated releases and re-imprisonments turned the suffragettes from targets of scorn to objects of sympathy.

The Asquith government's implementation of the Act caused the militant WSPU and the suffragettes to perceive Asquith as the enemy — an enemy to be vanquished in what the organisation saw as an all-out war. A related effect of this law was to increase support for the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], many of whose early founders supported votes for women. For example, philosopher [[Bertrand Russell]] left the Liberal Party, and wrote pamphlets denouncing the Act and the Liberals for making in his view an illiberal and anti-constitutional law. So the controversy helped to accelerate the decline in the Liberals' electoral position, as segments of the middle class began to defect to Labour.

The Act also handed the WSPU an issue on which to campaign and rail against other parts of the British establishment in particular the Anglican Church. During 1913 the WSPU directly targeted The [[Bishop of Winchester]], [[Edward Talbot (bishop)|Edward Talbot]], the [[Archbishop of Canterbury]], [[Randall Davidson]], the [[Bishop of London]], [[Arthur Winnington-Ingram]], the [[Archbishop of York]], [[Cosmo Gordon Lang]], and the Bishops of Croydon, Lewes, Islington and Stepney. Each one was picketed by deputations at their official residences until granted an audience, during which the Church leaders were asked to protest against forcible feeding. Norah Dacre Fox (later known as [[Norah Elam]]) led many of the deputations on behalf of the WSPU which were widely reported in The Suffragette. At one point the Bishop of London was persuaded to visit Holloway personally in connection with allegations of women prisoners being poisoned during force feeding. The Bishop made several visits to the prison, but this came to nothing and his public statements that he could find no evidence of ill treatment during force feeding – indeed he believed that it (force feeding) was carried out 'in the kindest possible spirit' – was seen by the WSPU as collusion with the government and prison authorities. This was summed up on the front page of the Suffragette of 13 February 1913 which carried an artistic impression of a woman being force fed above a statement (repeated and expanded in an inside article) " A whitewash brush, my Lord Bishop, has been placed in your hand by the authorities in order that the public shall still remain in ignorance of the diabolical methods used by the Government in their desire to terrorise the militant women." Dacre Fox perhaps further summed up the frustrations of the WSPU with the Church leaders in her statement recorded in the Suffragette after an interview with the Archbishop of Canterbury in January 1914 that, "The only feeling (she) experienced …… while she was interviewing the Archbishop of Canterbury... was “utter contempt”... Mrs Dacre Fox said that the Archbishop's Chaplain was “a pitiable object, trembling and with chattering teeth”, and later was also reported to have said that, "I can only say that as I sat looking at that old man, the feeling which was uppermost in my mind was that of contempt….I wondered if Calvary had almost been in vain." If the WSPU had been hoping to win support from the Church for their wider cause of suffrage by pressing on the issue of forcible feeding, they were disappointed. The Church chose not to be drawn into a battle between the WSPU and the authorities, and clung to a party line that militancy was a precursor to forcible feeding and militancy was against the will of God, therefore the Church could not act against forcible feeding.<ref name='McPherson & McPherson'>{{cite book | last = McPherson | first = Angela | authorlink = | coauthors = McPherson, Susan| title = Mosley's Old Suffragette - A Biography of Norah Elam | publisher = | year = 2011 | location = | pages = | url = http://www.oldsuffragette.co.uk| doi = | isbn = 978-1-4466-9967-6}}</ref>

The nickname of the Act came about because of a cat’s habit of playing with its prey (a mouse) before finishing it off. Research indicates that the Act did little to deter the activities of the Suffragettes. Their violent actions only ceased with the outbreak of war and their support of the war effort. However, the start of the war in August 1914, and the ending of all Suffragette activities for the duration of the war, meant that the full potential impact of the 'Cat and Mouse Act' will never be known.

==See also==
* [[History of feminism]]
* [[Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* {{Cite book |last=Marcus |first=Jane |authorlink= |editor-last=Marcus |editor-first=Jane |contribution=Rereading the Pankhursts and Women's Suffrage |title=Suffrage and the Pankhursts |publisher=Routledge |year=1987, 2001 |location= |pages=1–17 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=BKu2grJXr-8C&printsec=frontcover&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false |isbn=0-415-25693-3}}

==External links==
*[http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Wcat.htm Further Cat and Mouse Act Information]

{{UK legislation}}

[[Category:United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1913]]
[[Category:1913 in law]]
[[Category:Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Feminism and history]]

[[fr:Cat and Mouse Act]]
[[zh:貓捉老鼠法]]

Lil Reese

2012-12-12T03:44:45Z

Entropy: Reverted edits by 99.140.174.55 (talk) to last revision by ClueBot NG (HG)

{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Lil Reese
| alias =
| image =
| caption =
| background = solo_singer
| birth_name = Tavares Taylor
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1993|01|6}}
| birth_place = [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], [[United States]]
| genre = [[Hip hop music|Hip hop]]
| occupation = [[Rapping|Rapper]]
| studio = Collin's Camolo Studio
| associated_acts = [[Chief Keef]], [[Rick Ross]], [[Juelz Santana]]
| years_active = 2011–present
| label = [[Def Jam]], [[Glory Boys Entertainment]], [[OTF]]
| website =
| notable_instruments =
}}

'''Tavares Taylor''' (born January 6, 1993), better known by his stage name '''Lil Reese''' is an Haitian American rapper from [[Chicago, Illinois]]. He is signed to the major record label [[Def Jam]] and [[Glory Boys Entertainment]].

==Biography==
===Early life===
Lil Reese grew up in [[Chicago, Illinois]]. Taylor attend high school, but later dropped out of high school after his junior year, and took a chance on music.

===Music career===
Taylor is apart [[Glory Boys Entertainment]]. The attention he received from his music videos, including "US" and "Beef" grew. His success grew of [[Chief Keef]] hit single “Don’t Like” featuring Lil Reese. He caught the eye of producer [[No I.D.]], who had crafted legendary albums or tracks for artists like Common, Kanye West and others. Chicago producer brought Taylor to a major record deal Def Jam.<ref>{{cite web | title=Lil Reese, Chicago Rapper Signs With Def Jam Recordings! | url=http://www.islanddefjam.com/artist/news_single.aspx?nid=11506&artistID=7389 | date=July 2, 2012 | accessdate=November 17, 2012 | work=islanddefjam.com | author=}}</ref>
On November 2012 he released a remix from his song "US" with [[Rick Ross]] And [[Drake (entertainer)|Drake]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Rick Ross And Drake remix US | url=http://globalgrind.com/music/rick-ross-drake-lil-reese-us-remix-new-music | date=Oct 9 , 2012 | accessdate=November 17, 2012 | work=Globalgrind.com | author=}}</ref>

In November 2012, he released a remix of his song "US" with rappers [[Rick Ross (rapper)|Rick Ross]] and [[Drake (entertainer)|Drake]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Rick Ross And Drake remix US | url=http://globalgrind.com/music/rick-ross-drake-lil-reese-us-remix-new-music | date=Oct 9 , 2012 | accessdate=November 17, 2012 | work=Globalgrind.com | author=}}</ref> Taylor also created many songs with upcoming music producers, such as [[Young Chop]].

==Legal issues==
On September 5, 2012, [[Chicago Police Department|Chicago Police]] disclosed to the [[Chicago Sun-Times|Sun Times]] that Taylor and fellow Chicago rapper [[Chief Keef]] are being investigated for a possible connection in the shooting death of fellow rapper and Englewood resident, Joseph 'Lil JoJo' Coleman.<ref>http://globalgrind.com/news/chicago-rapper-lil-jojo-dead-joseph-coleman-shot-chief-keef-lil-reese-photos</ref> A YouTube video released a days later shows Jojo and Reese engaging in an argument on the street and someone in the video can be heard uttering the words: "Imma kill you."<ref>{{cite web | title=Reese And Jojo argument | url=http://www.worldstarhiphop.com/videos/video.php?v=wshh7xnZMOK1kRW23r2j | date=October 17, 2012 | accessdate=October 17, 2012 | work=[[Worldstarhiphop]] | author=Q}}</ref>

On October 24, 2012, a video showing Reese brutally assaulting a woman, was posted to the internet. Chicago Police are not actively investigating the beating because they don't know who the victim is, or where/when the incident occurred, according to a police source.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.suntimes.com/news/metro/15966048-418/lil-reese-rapper-involved-in-chief-keef-and-jojo-feud-tied-to-video-beating.html | title=Lil Reese tied to video beating | work=''suntimes.com'' | date=November 2, 2012 | accessdate=October 24, 2012 | author=BECKY SCHLIKERMAN}}</ref>

==Discography==

===Mixtapes===
*''For Greater Glory Vol. 1'' (with GBE) (Hosted by Trap-A-Holics) (2012)
*''I Don't Like'' (Hosted by DJ Drama and DJ Cannon) (2012)
*''For Greater Glory Vol. 2'' (with GBE) (Hosted by Trap-A-Holics, DJ Hustlenomics, DJ Cash Crook) (2012)

===Upcoming Mixtapes===
*''3hunna Da Mixtape'' (with GBE) (Hosted by —) (2013)

=== Singles ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"
|+ List of singles, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name
! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:20em;" | Title
! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Year
! scope="col" colspan="3" | Peak chart positions
! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Album
|-
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" | [[Billboard Hot 100|US]]
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" | [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US R&B]]
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;" | [[Hot Rap Songs|US Rap]]
|-
! scope="row" | "Us (Remix)"(featuring [[Rick Ross]] & [[Drake]])
| 2012
| — || — || —
| ''TBA''
|}

===As featured performer===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1"
|+ List of singles as featured performer, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name
! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:15em;" | Title
! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Year
! scope="col" colspan="3" | Peak chart positions
! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Album
|-
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Billboard Hot 100|US]] <ref name="US100">{{cite web | url=http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/chief-keef/chart-history/1864972?f=379&g=Singles | title=Chief Keef Album & Song Chart History: Hot 100 | publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]] | work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | accessdate=August 30, 2012}}</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US R&B]] <ref name="USR&B">{{cite web | url=http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/chief-keef/chart-history/1864972?f=367&g=Singles | title=Chief Keef Album & Song Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]] | work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | accessdate=August 30, 2012}}</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:90%;"| [[Rap Songs|US Rap]] <ref name="USRap">{{cite web | url=http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/chief-keef/chart-history/1864972?f=370&g=Singles | title=Chief Keef Album & Song Chart History: Rap Songs | publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]] | work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | accessdate=August 30, 2012}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| "[[I Don't Like]]" ([[Chief Keef]] featuring Lil Reese)
| rowspan="1"| 2012
| 73 || 20 || 15
| [[Finally Rich]]
|-
|}

==Guest appearances==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"
|+ List of non-single guest appearances, with other performing artists, showing year released and album name
! scope="col" style="width:19em;" | Title
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Other artist(s)
! scope="col" | Album
|-
! scope="row"| "OVA"
| rowspan="6"| 2012
| [[Freddie Gibbs]]
| {{n/a}}
|-
! scope="row"| "My Lil Niggaz"
| Fredo Santana, [[Chief Keef]]
| rowspan="2"| ''It's A Scary Site''
|-
! scope="row"| "Respect"
| Fredo Santana
|-
! scope="row"| "Don't Try It"
| [[Frenchie]]
| ''Concrete Jungle 2''
|-
! scope="row"| "Nobody Move"
| Jay Stonez
|
|-
! scope="row"| "Bodies"
| [[Juelz Santana]]
| God Will’n
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist|35em}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Taylors, Tavares
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = American rapper
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1993
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Chicago, United States
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Reese, Lil}}
{{Def Jam}}

[[Category:Rappers from Chicago, Illinois]]
[[Category:African-American rappers]]
[[Category:1993 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Midwest hip hop musicians]]
[[Category:People from Chicago, Illinois]]

Uxbridge

2012-12-03T09:29:36Z

Entropy: Reverted edits by 80.195.151.245 (talk) to last revision by Dave2208 (HG)

{{Other places}}
{{Infobox UK place
|country = England
|region= London
|official_name= Uxbridge
|london_borough= Hillingdon
|constituency_westminster= [[Uxbridge and South Ruislip (UK Parliament constituency)|Uxbridge and South Ruislip]]
|post_town= UXBRIDGE
|postcode_area= UB
|postcode_district= UB8
|dial_code= 01895
|os_grid_reference= TQ055835
|latitude= 51.5404
|longitude= -0.4778
|charingX_distance_mi= 15
|charingX_direction= ESE
|static_image_name= Uxbridge, The Market House - geograph.org.uk - 798869.jpg
|static_image_caption= The Market House in Uxbridge
|population=
|population_ref=
}}
'''Uxbridge''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|ˈ|ʌ|k|s|b|r|ɪ|dʒ}}) is a large town located in west [[London]], England and is the administrative headquarters of the [[London Borough of Hillingdon]]. It forms part of the ceremonial county of [[Greater London]]. It is located {{convert|15|mi|km|1}} west-northwest of [[Charing Cross]] and is one of the major metropolitan centres identified in the [[London Plan]].<ref name=london_plan_f08>{{Cite web|url=http://www.london.gov.uk/thelondonplan/docs/londonplan08.pdf | publisher=Greater London Authority | title=London Plan (Consolidated with Alterations since 2004) |page=351 |year=2008 |accessdate=10 November 2011}}</ref> It historically formed part of the parish of [[Hillingdon]] in the county of [[Middlesex]] and was a significant local commercial centre from an early time. As part of the suburban growth of London in the 20th century it expanded and increased in population, [[Municipal Borough of Uxbridge|becoming a municipal borough]] in 1955 and has formed part of [[Greater London]] since 1965. Uxbridge is a significant retail and commercial centre, and is the location of [[Brunel University]] and the Uxbridge campus of [[Buckinghamshire New University]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bucks.ac.uk/en/about_us/location/ |title=Location |publisher=Buckinghamshire New University |accessdate=10 November 2011}}</ref> The town is close to the boundary with [[Buckinghamshire]], which is locally the [[River Colne, Hertfordshire|River Colne]].

Several historical events have taken place in and around the town, including attempted negotiations between King [[Charles I of England|Charles I]] and the [[Roundhead|Parliamentary Army]]. The location of these events, a public house, still stands and is named The Crown and Treaty in recognition of the event. Uxbridge also houses the [[Battle of Britain Bunker]], from where the air defence of the south-east of England was coordinated during the [[Battle of Britain]]. Situated in [[RAF Uxbridge]], the [[No. 11 Group RAF|No. 11 Group]] Operations Room within the bunker took on a crucial rule during the battle and was later used during the [[D-Day landings]].

The [[List of electoral wards in Greater London|wards of Uxbridge North and Uxbridge South]] are used for election of councillors to Hillingdon Council and for statistical purposes. The [[Office of National Statistics]] recorded an approximate population figure for Uxbridge North of 12,357 in 2008,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/media/pdf/6/g/Uxbridge_North_10.pdf |title=A focus on Uxbridge North |date=January 2010 |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |page=3 |accessdate=23 June 2011}}</ref> with 12,967 in Uxbridge South.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/media/pdf/7/q/Uxbridge_South10.pdf |title=A focus on Uxbridge South |date=January 2010 |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |page=3 |accessdate=23 June 2011}}</ref>

==History==
===Toponymy===
The name is derived from "Wixan's Bridge"<ref>{{cite web | url = http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Middlesex/Uxbridge | title = Uxbridge | work = Key to English Place Names | publisher = [[English Place Name Society]] | accessdate = 10 May 2012}}</ref> which was likely to have been near the bottom of Oxford Road where the "Swan and Bottle" now stands. The Wixan were a 7th-century [[Saxon people|Saxon]] tribe from [[Lincolnshire]] who also began to settle in what became [[Middlesex]].<ref name="Cotton p.8">Cotton 1994, p.8</ref> [[Anglo-Saxons]] began to settle and farm in the area of Uxbridge in the 5th century, clearing the dense woodland and remaining there for around 500 years.<ref name="Cotton p.8"/>

Archaeologists found [[Bronze Age]] remains (before 700 BC) and medieval remains during the construction of ''The Chimes'' shopping centre. Two miles away at [[Denham, Buckinghamshire|Denham]], Upper [[Paleolithic]] remains have been found. Uxbridge is not mentioned in the ''[[Domesday Book]]'' of the 11th century, but a hundred years later the existing church, [http://www.uxbridgeparish.org/stmargarets St Margaret's], was built. The town appears in records from 1107 as "Woxbrigge", and became part of the [[Elthorne (hundred)|Elthorne Hundred]] with other settlements in the area.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.5</ref>

===Early developments===
[[File:Crown and Treaty, Uxbridge - geograph.org.uk - 375527.jpg|thumb|left|The Crown & Treaty public house]]
The Parliamentary Army garrisoned the town upon the outbreak of the [[English Civil War]] in 1642 and later established their headquarters there in June 1647 on a line from [[Staines-upon-Thames|Staines]] to [[Watford]],<ref name="Cotton p.23">Cotton 1994, p.23</ref> although the King passed through Uxbridge in April 1946, resting at the Red Lion public house for several hours.<ref>Cotton 1994, p.25</ref> Charles I met with representatives of Parliament at the Crown Inn in Uxbridge in 1645, though negotiations for the end of hostilities were unsuccessful due in part to the king's stubborn attitude.<ref name="Cotton p.23"/> The town had been chosen as it was located between the Royal headquarters of Oxford and the Parliamentary stronghold of London.<ref>Cotton 1994, p.22</ref>

The covered market was built in 1788 replacing a building constructed in 1561.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.53</ref> In the early 19th century, Uxbridge had an unsavoury reputation. The jurist [[William Arabin]] said of its residents "They will steal the very teeth out of your mouth as you walk through the streets. I know it from experience." For about 200 years most of London's [[flour]] was produced in the Uxbridge area.<ref>Cotton 1994, p.32</ref>

The [[Grand Junction Canal]] opened in 1794 linking Uxbridge with [[Birmingham]]. By 1800, Uxbridge had become one of the most important market towns in [[Middlesex]], helped by its status as the first stopping point for stagecoaches travelling from London to [[Oxford]]. The development of Uxbridge declined after the opening of the [[Great Western Railway]] passing through [[West Drayton]] in 1838. A branch line to Uxbridge was later built in 1904.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.6</ref>

Harman's Brewery was established in Uxbridge by George Harman in 1763 and moved into its new headquarters in Uxbridge High Street in 1875. The eventual owners of the brewery, [[Courage Brewery|Courage]], closed the headquarters in 1964. It was demolished and replaced by a Budgen's supermarket which in turn was demolished with the construction of The Chimes shopping centre. The brewery building in George Street remained in place until it was demolished in 1967.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.43</ref> The office building Harman House was built on the site in 1985, named after the brewery.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.44</ref>

===Urban development===
[[File:Uxbridge Common - geograph.org.uk - 1756609.jpg|thumb|Uxbridge Common was reduced in size by the 1819 Inclosure of Hillingdon Parish]]
The Inclosure of Hillingdon Parish in 1819 saw the reduction in size of Uxbridge Common, which at its largest had been {{convert|4|mi}} in circumference. The common originally covered both sides of Park Road to the north of the town centre but now covers {{convert|15|acre}}.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.71</ref>

In 1871, the town's first purpose-built police station was built in Windsor Street. The building included three cells and stables.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/media/pdf/3/7/275_49__The_Fig_Tree__Windsor_Street.pdf |title=49, The Fig Tree (formerly The Old Bill) |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |year=2009 |page=1 |accessdate=17 June 2011}}</ref>

In the early 1900s, the Uxbridge and District Electricity Supply Company was established in Waterloo Road, much of the town was connected by 1902. By 1912, some houses still had gas lighting. A water tower on Uxbridge Common was built in 1906, resembling a church tower, to improve the supply to the town.<ref>Cotton 1994, p.105</ref>

Wood panelling from a room in the Crown and Treaty [[public house]] was sold in 1924 to an American businessman, who installed them in his office in the [[Empire State Building]] in New York. It was returned in 1953 as a gift to the newly crowned Queen Elizabeth II and returned to the house, though the monarch retained ownership.<ref>Cotton 1994, p.24</ref>

On 31 August 1935, Uxbridge Lido, an outdoor swimming pool built in the "Moderne" or [[Art Deco]] style, was officially opened. Before the opening, many residents swam in a section of the [[Frays River]] near Harefield Road,<ref>Skinner 2008, p.30</ref> and the [[River Colne, Hertfordshire|Colne]].<ref>Cotton 1994, p.121</ref> The pool, pavilion building, entrance building and both fountains were granted [[Listed building|Grade II]] listed status in 1998. Despite the listing and the pool becoming closed to the public, the buildings were subjected to heavy vandalism.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.72</ref>

During the [[Second World War]], Uxbridge adopted the [[Royal Navy]] [[destroyer]] ''[[HMS Intrepid (D10)|HMS Intrepid]]'' in 1942 to help towards the ship's costs. ''Intrepid'' was later lost in 1943 to enemy action.<ref>Cotton 1994, p.129</ref> The town and surrounding areas suffered bombing by the [[Luftwaffe]]. [[V-1 (flying bomb)|V1 flying bombs]] fell on the town between June 1944 and March 1945. The first recorded bombing using a V1 was on 22 June 1944 at 07:00, when the bomb passed over the top of a bus and hit four houses nearby. Seven people were killed and 25 injured, leaving 46 houses in the area uninhabitable.<ref>Skinner 2008, p.107</ref>

[[File:Brunel university01.jpg|thumb|left|Brunel University was built on land formerly occupied by the Lowe & Shawyer plant nursery]]
In 1958, the {{convert|199|acre|adj=on}} Lowe & Shawyer [[plant nursery]] to the west of RAF Uxbridge entered voluntary liquidation. The nursery had stood in Kingston Lane since 1868 and was the largest producer of cut flowers in the country.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.39</ref> Demolition works began in 1962 and the construction of [[Brunel University]] commenced.<ref>Pearce 2009, p.95</ref> [[Chrysanthemum]]s are included the coat of arms of the Borough of Uxbridge to remember the nursery.<ref>Cotton 1994, p.113</ref> The [[Uxbridge (Vine Street) Branch Line|Uxbridge (Vine Street) railway branch line]] which partially ran alongside the site was closed in 1964 and in 1966 the university opened,<ref name="Cotton 1994, p.138"/> purchasing the land where the railway had run for £65,000 from the local council.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.brunel.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/26547/Annual_Report_2005.pdf |title=Annual Report 2005 |year=2005 |publisher=Brunel University |page=15 |accessdate=5 May 2011}}</ref>

Uxbridge Cricket Club moved from Cricketfield Road in 1971 to make way for the new Civic Centre.<ref>Cotton 1994, p.64</ref> The club had been at Cricketfield Road since 1858, but moved to a new site on part of Uxbridge Common on Park Road.<ref>Skinner 2008, p.27</ref> The Market Square shopping precinct in the town centre was built in the late 1970s, though the lack of shelter meant it became unpopular and did not attract the levels of custom hoped for. Many buildings along the High Street and Windsor Street had been demolished to make way for the new precinct.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.47</ref> It was eventually sold to the [[Prudential Assurance Company]] and was redeveloped with a roof to become the [[The Mall Pavilions|Pavilions Shopping Centre]].<ref name="Cotton 1994, p.138">Cotton 1994, p.138</ref> The new roof was built during the early 1980s and as part of the redevelopment, The Peacock public house in one of the two main squares was demolished and replaced with a cafe named The Chequers which remains.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.50</ref> The Rayner's pharmacy shop was also demolished during the Market Square development, although the shopfront was saved by the [[Museum of London]] and is held in storage.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.46</ref>

[[File:Geograph-2881009-by-Peter-Whatley.jpg|thumb|Uxbridge High Street and The Mall Pavilions shopping centre]]
[[The Chimes, Uxbridge|The Chimes]] shopping centre was built beside Uxbridge station in 2001, incorporating many of the existing buildings into the new structure. The centre was originally to be named the St. George's Centre in plans dating back to the early 1990s, though this name was eventually taken by another shopping centre in [[Harrow on the Hill]]. Instead, The Chimes was said to refer to the sound of the bells from the nearby market house on the High Street.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.58</ref> An [[Odeon Cinemas|Odeon]] cinema opened as a major part of the centre, with the smaller cinema at the opposite end of the High Street closing.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.59</ref> Some houses on Chippendale Way and the St George's car park were demolished to allow for the construction of the new shopping centre car park.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.64</ref> The offices of the local building company Fassnidge were also included in the new development, having been built in the 19th century, and now house a [[Pizza Express]] restaurant. Preserved timber from earlier demolished buildings in Uxbridge were used in the construction of a new building beside the former offices of Fassnidge, built to resemble a much older structure.<ref>Sherwood 2007, pp.62—63</ref>

In 2002, the dry ski slope situated near Park Road and the Uxbridge Lido was closed, and the remaining buildings and structures removed. The Hillingdon Ski Centre had been subject to several arson attacks during 2001 and the company operating it became bankrupt. The slope, which had been built in 1977, was left to return to nature.<ref>{{cite news |title=Apres-ski |url=http://www.hillingdontimes.co.uk/archive/2002/02/06/Local+London+Archive/6367862.Apres_ski/ |newspaper=Hillingdon & Uxbridge Times |date=6 February 2002 |accessdate=22 July 2011}}</ref>

Work began in 2008 to extensively refurbish and extend Uxbridge Lido. The lido reopened in 2010 as the [[Hillingdon Sports and Leisure Complex]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=11050 |title=Hillingdon Sports and Leisure Complex |date=9 March 2010 |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |accessdate=4 April 2011}}</ref>

==Local government==
Uxbridge originally formed a [[chapelry]] within the parish of [[Hillingdon]]. It was split out as a separate [[civil parishes in England|civil parish]] in 1866,<ref>Cotton 1994, p.</ref> and became part of the [[Municipal Borough of Uxbridge|Uxbridge Urban District]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uxbridgeparish.org/ |title=The Uxbridge Parish |date= |publisher=The Uxbridge Parish |accessdate=23 April 2011}}</ref> in 1894 under the [[Local Government Act 1894]]. In 1955 the urban district council successfully petitioned for a charter of incorporation and became a [[municipal borough]]. This remained until 1965, when the borough was incorporated into the new [[London Borough of Hillingdon]].<ref>Cotton 1994, p.131</ref> Within the borough, Uxbridge is split into two wards: Uxbridge North and Uxbridge South. Both are served by three Conservative Party councillors each.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://modgov.hillingdon.gov.uk/mgMemberIndex.aspx?FN=WARD&VW=LIST&PIC=0 |title=Your Councillors by Ward |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |accessdate=23 June 2011}}</ref>

Uxbridge had its own [[Uxbridge (UK Parliament constituency)|parliamentary constituency]] until boundary changes at the [[United Kingdom general election, 2010|2010 general election]] meant it became part of the [[Uxbridge and South Ruislip (UK Parliament constituency)|Uxbridge and South Ruislip constituency]]. Uxbridge and South Ruislip is represented by [[John Randall (UK politician)|John Randall]] [[Member of Parliament|MP]], of the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.johnrandallmp.com/ |title=John Randall MP |publisher=John Randall MP |accessdate=23 June 2011}}</ref> John Randall was first elected to represent Uxbridge in a 1997 by-election after the sitting MP, Sir [[Michael Shersby]], died shortly after the [[United Kingdom general election, 1997|1997 general election]].

==Economy==
[[File:Uxbridge, Vine Street and Randalls store - geograph.org.uk - 797652.jpg|thumb|Randall's, the department store, was built in the Art Deco style]]
Uxbridge has two shopping centres, [[The Mall Pavilions]] (formerly "The Pavilions") and [[The Chimes, Uxbridge|The Chimes]]. Much of the town centre is pedestrianised. In addition, just off the High Street is Windsor Street, a short road populated by older shops; as well as being home to St Margaret's Church. Randall's, the [[Art Deco]] style department store is owned by the family of the MP for Uxbridge and South Ruislip, [[John Randall (British politician)|John Randall]]. The store building was awarded [[Listed building|Grade II listed]] status in October 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-504370-randalls-department-store-uxbridge |title=Randalls Department Store, Uxbridge |date= |publisher=British Listed Buildings |accessdate=15 May 2011}}</ref>

The town centre comprises retail outlets and a number of office buildings, including the main European offices of several international companies including [[Canon (company)|Canon]], [[PricewaterhouseCoopers]], [[Apple Inc.|Apple]], [[WMS Gaming]], [[Unisys]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.officebroker.com/blog/2010/09/07/Coca-Cola+take+Office+Space+at+Uxbridge+Town+Centre_FTOC07092010476540E/ |title=Coca-Cola take Office Space at Uxbridge Town Centre |date=7 September 2010 |publisher=Office Broker |accessdate=31 October 2012}}</ref> [[Kuehne + Nagel]], [[PAREXEL]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.parexel.com/about/global-presence/europe/united-kingdom/ |title=Europe: United Kingdom |year=2012 |publisher=PAREXEL International |accessdate=20 November 2012}}</ref> [[Xerox]], [[Arri]], [[Bristol-Myers Squibb]], Monster Energy Ltd., [[American President Lines|APL]], Herbalife Europe Ltd and [[Anixter International]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anixter.com/content/anixter/emea/euc/en/about-us/contact-us/global-locations-contact-info/europe/united-kingdom.html |title=United Kingdom |year=2012 |publisher=Anixter International |accessdate=20 November 2012}}</ref> Other employers include [[F. Hinds]], [[The Coca-Cola Company]], [[Coca-Cola Enterprises]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cokecce.co.uk/about-us/sites-and-offices/uxbridge,-gb-and-european-hq.aspx |title=Uxbridge, GB and European HQ |year=2012 |publisher=Coca-Cola Enterprises Ltd |accessdate=31 January 2012}}</ref>, [[General Mills]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.generalmills.co.uk/gmi/level2page.aspx?pagenumber=24 |title=Frequently asked |year=2012 |publisher=General Mills UK & Ireland |accessdate=20 November 2012}}</ref> and [[Nexen]]. [[Cadbury]] plc moved its head office to Uxbridge from [[Mayfair]] in January 2008.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://files.investis.com/cbry/08interim_trd/interim_jun08/interimstatementjune08.html |title=Cadbury plc Confirms Strong Start to 2008 |date=19 June 2008 |publisher=Investis |accessdate=31 October 2012}}</ref> The company announced the plan in 2007 as part of efforts to cut costs.<ref>Muspratt, Caroline. "[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/markets/2809823/Cadbury-swaps-Mayfair-for-Uxbridge.html Cadbury swaps Mayfair for Uxbridge]." ''The Daily Telegraph''. 1 June 2007. Retrieved on 27 April 2010.</ref>

==Education==
Primary schools in Uxbridge include Hermitage Primary School,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hermitage.hillingdon.sch.uk/ |title=Hermitage Primary School |year=2012 |publisher=Hermitage Primary School |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref> St Andrew's Church of England Primary School,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.standrewscofeprimary.org.uk/ |title=St Andrew's C of E Primary School |year=2012 |publisher=St Andrew's C of E Primary School |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref> St Mary's Catholic Primary School,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.st-marys.hillingdon.sch.uk/ |title=St Mary's Catholic Primary School |year=2012 |publisher=St Mary's Catholic Primary School |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref> Whitehall Infant School,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.whitehall-inf.hillingdon.sch.uk/ |title=Whitehall Infant School |year=2012 |publisher=Whitehall Infant School |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref> and Whitehall Junior School.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.whitehalljunior.org/ |title=Whitehall Junior School |year=2012 |publisher=Whitehall Junior School |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref> Uxbridge High School is a secondary school in the town.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uhs.org.uk/ |title=Uxbridge High School |year=2012 |publisher=Uxbridge High School |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref>

Uxbridge is also home to [[Brunel University]] and the [[Buckinghamshire New University]]'s nursing campus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bucks.ac.uk/about/structure/faculties/society_and_health/becoming_a_nurse/uxbridge_campus.aspx |title=Uxbridge Campus |year=2011 |publisher=Buckinghamshire New University |accessdate=23 April 2011}}</ref> The main campus of [[Uxbridge College]] is also in the town.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=9718 |title=Contact details for Uxbridge College (Uxbridge Campus) |date=15 October 2009 |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |accessdate=23 April 2011}}</ref>

==Transport==
[[File:Uxbridge tube station - Ewan-M.jpg|thumb|Frontage of Uxbridge tube station]]
[[Uxbridge tube station]] is the western terminus for the [[Metropolitan line|Metropolitan]] and [[Piccadilly line|Piccadilly]] lines of the [[London Underground]]. The station, built in 1933, is fronted by a pedestrian high street and is connected to a bus terminus with connections to Hillingdon, Hayes, Ealing, Ruislip, and Slough.

[[File:Grand Union Canal in Uxbridge - geograph.org.uk - 317504.jpg|thumb|left|The Grand Union Canal in Uxbridge was extended to Uxbridge in the late 18th century]]
There were once two overground railway stations - [[Uxbridge Vine Street railway station|Uxbridge Vine Street]] (originally just Uxbridge Station) and [[Uxbridge High Street railway station|Uxbridge High Street]]. Both were planned to be linked, hence High Street ending on a half built bridge.<ref>Cotton 1994, p.102</ref> High Street closed to passengers as a [[war economy]] and never reopened. Despite having the most intensive service, the Vine Street line was one of the first Western Region urban branches to close under the [[Beeching axe]]. Uxbridge Belmont Road was the first underground station, built slightly outside of the town centre to allow for a possible extension to [[High Wycombe]]. This was subsequently replaced by the current station.<ref>Pearce 2009, p.51</ref>

The [[Grand Union Canal]], formerly the [[Grand Junction Canal]], connects London with [[Birmingham]] and passes immediately to the west of Uxbridge, forming part of the borough boundary. The first stretch was built in the late 18th century from [[Brentford]] to Uxbridge. Further upstream is Uxbridge Lock, and nearby is a derelict flour mill formerly owned by Allied Mills.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.southbucks.gov.uk/includes/documents/cm_docs/2009/u/uxbridge_lock_conservation_january_2008.pdf |title=Uxbridge Lock Conservation Area Character Appraisal |date=January 2008 |publisher=South Bucks District Council |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref> The mill was bought in the 19th century by William King, who named it "Kingsmill". The Kingsmill brand continues to be used by [[Associated British Foods]].

[[London Buses]] routes 222, [[London Buses route 331|331]], [[London Buses route 427|427]], [[London Buses route 607|607]], [[London Buses route A10|A10]], U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U7, U9, U10 and N207 serve the area,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/gettingaround/maps/buses/pdf/uxbridge.pdf |title=Buses from Uxbridge |date=24 July 2012 |publisher=Transport for London |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref> alongside five non-[[Transport for London]] (TfL) routes: [[First Berkshire & The Thames Valley]] route 58,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.firstgroup.com/ukbus/berkshire_thames/journey_planning/route58/ |title=Route 58 |year=2012 |publisher=FirstGroup |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref> [[Green Line route 724]] and [[Carousel Buses]] routes A30, A40 and 740.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.greenline.co.uk/serviceInformation.aspx?id=12531 |title=724 - Harlow - Ware - Hertford - Welwyn Garden City - Hatfield - St Albans - Watford - Uxbridge - Heathrow Airport |year=2012 |publisher=Green Line |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.londonbusroutes.net/times/A30_A40_740.htm |title=A30/A40/740 timetable |year=2012 |publisher=London Bus Routes |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref>

The proposed [[West London Tram]] was postponed indefinitely by TfL in August 2007 after it was announced that the [[Crossrail]] project would be going ahead. TfL cited "an effective bus-based solution" as an alternative, delivered with local councils.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/projectsandschemes/networkandservices/3223.aspx |title=West London Tram |year=2007 |publisher=Transport for London |accessdate=23 April 2011 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080208095703/http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/projectsandschemes/networkandservices/3223.aspx |archivedate=8 February 2008}}</ref> The route is currently served by the 427, 207, and 607 bus services.

==Landmarks==
===Civic Centre===
[[File:Hillingdon Civic Centre, exterior 3 - Anthony Ossa-Richardson.jpg|thumb|View of part of the Civic Centre]]
The London Borough of Hillingdon's Civic Centre was built in Uxbridge High Street in 1973, as part of an effort to unite the services of the council, which had formed in 1965 with the merger of the [[Municipal Borough of Uxbridge]], [[Ruislip-Northwood Urban District]], [[Hayes and Harlington Urban District]] and [[Yiewsley and West Drayton Urban District]]. Before the new building was completed, council services had been spread throughout Uxbridge and the rest of the borough and various buildings, as a result of the merging of the former district councils.

Part of the original [[Middlesex County Council]] office building which stood on site was incorporated into the new Civic Centre. The centre's clock tower is the only visible section from the old building. The [[Uxbridge Cricket Club Ground]] and Uxbridge fire station were relocated as part of the new development, which became controversial due to both its size and cost. Areas of the building, particularly the council chambers, continue to suffer from poor acoustics.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.36</ref>

===Uxbridge Magistrate's Court===
The original Magistrate's Court opened in 1907 in an [[Edwardian architecture|Edwardian]] style. A new building with little exterior styling opened nearby in the 1990s and legal proceedings were transferred.<ref>Sherwood 2007, p.32</ref>

===RAF Uxbridge, Battle of Britain Bunker and Hillingdon House===
[[File:Battle of Britain Bunker - October 2011.jpg|thumb|Replica Spitfire gate guardian beside the Battle of Britain Bunker]]
{{main|RAF Uxbridge|Battle of Britain Bunker|Hillingdon House}}
Uxbridge had a Royal Air Force station, known as RAF Uxbridge, until its closure on 31 March 2010. The station was built within the grounds of [[Hillingdon House]], a 19th century mansion bought by the British Government in 1915,<ref>Crozier 2007, p.5</ref> and became most famous for being the home of [[RAF Fighter Command]]'s [[No. 11 Group RAF|No. 11 Group]] Operations Room during the [[Battle of Britain]]. Fighter squadrons at airfields in the south-east of England were directed from the station, which was also visited by the [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Winston Churchill]] during the Battle, and other foreign leaders throughout the rest of the war.<ref>Crozier 2007, p.29</ref>

Following the station's closure, the replica [[No. 33 Squadron RAF|No. 33 Squadron]] [[Supermarine Spitfire]] gate guardian was removed from the main entrance for restoration work and moved to the entrance of the Operations Room (now known as the [[Battle of Britain Bunker]]). The area around the bunker was retained as an enclave under the RAF Uxbridge name, under the care of [[RAF Northolt]]. An additional guardian, a [[Hawker Hurricane]] in the colours of [[No. 303 Polish Fighter Squadron|No. 303 (Polish) Squadron]] was added to the area in November 2010.<ref name="RAFGateGuardian">{{cite web |url=http://www.raf.mod.uk/news/archive.cfm?storyid=254B4BBF-5056-A318-A813BB0F6CB4ADE8&rss=true |title=Refurbished Guardian |date=25 November 2010 |publisher=Royal Air Force |accessdate=15 March 2011}}</ref>

==Sport and leisure==
Uxbridge has a [[Non-League football]] team [[Uxbridge F.C.]] who currently play at Honeycroft, [[West Drayton]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pitchero.com/clubs/uxbridge/location/ |title=Location |year=2012 |publisher=Pitchero |accessdate=16 November 2012}}</ref>
[[Uxbridge Cricket Club]] is also based in Uxbridge and is a member of the [[Middlesex County Cricket League]] which is a designated [[ECB Premier League.]]
[[Hillingdon Sports and Leisure Complex]] has recently been refurblished and contains an indoor and outdoor swimming pool, an athletic track and large sports complex. The South Korean Olympic Team used the centre for training during the 2012 Olympic Games.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fusion-lifestyle.com/centres/Hillingdon_Sport_and_Leisure_Complex%20/news/001_Hillingdon_Sports_Leisure_Complex_to_host_South_Korea_Olympics_team |title=Hillingdon Sports & Leisure Complex to host South Korea Olympics team |date=17 July 2012 |publisher=Fusion Lifestyle |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Christine Keeler]], iconic 1960s model involved in the [[Profumo Affair]], was born in Uxbridge.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.leighjournal.co.uk/news/388273.osborne_targets_banking_overhaul/ |title=Christine Keeler: Born in Uxbridge 2 February 1942 |author=Staff Reporter |date=1 July 2003 |publisher=Leigh Journal |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref>

* [[Bernard Miles]] (1907-1991), actor, writer and director, was born in Uxbridge.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=22429 |title=Lord Bernard Miles |date=30 September 2011 |work= |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref>

* [[John Stears]] (1934-1999), Oscar-winning creator of [[James Bond]]'s [[Aston Martin DB5]], [[Star Wars]] robots [[R2-D2]] and [[C-3PO]], and the Jedi Knights' [[lightsaber]]s, among other special effects), was born in Uxbridge.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/index.jsp?articleid=23929 |title=Michael John Stears |date=27 October 2011 |publisher=London Borough of Hillingdon |accessdate=11 September 2012}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|London}}
*[[List of schools in Hillingdon]]

==References==
;Citations
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

;Bibliography
* Bainbridge, John. (2001) ''Middlesex Photographic Memories''. Salisbury: Frith Book Company ISBN 1-85937-158-2
* Cotton, Carolynne. (1994) ''Uxbridge Past''. London: Historical Publications ISBN 0-948667-30-3
* Crozier, Hazel. (2007) ''RAF Uxbridge 90th Anniversary 1917 - 2007''. RAF High Wycombe: Air Command Media Services
* Hearmon, Carolynne. (1982) ''Uxbridge. A Concise History''. Uxbridge: Hillingdon Borough Libraries ISBN 0-907869-06-8
* Pearce, K. R. (2009) ''Uxbridge From Old Photographs''. Stroud: Amberley Publishing ISBN 978-1-84868-390-7
* Sherwood, Philip. (2007) ''Around Uxbridge Past & Present''. Stroud: Sutton Publishing ISBN 978-0-7509-4794-7
* Skinner, James. (2008) ''Growing Up In Wartime Uxbridge''. Stroud: Tempus Publishing ISBN 978-0-7524-4543-4

==External links==
{{commons category|Uxbridge}}
*[http://www.hillingdon.gov.uk/ London Borough of Hillingdon]
*[http://www.rotary-ribi.org/clubs/homepage.php?ClubID=574 Rotary Club of Uxbridge]
*[http://www.brunel.ac.uk Brunel University]
*[http://bucks.ac.uk/ Buckinghamshire New University]
*[http://www.fusion-lifestyle.com/centres/Hillingdon_Sport_and_Leisure_Complex Hillingdon Sports and Leisure Complex]
*[http://www.uxbridgeparish.org/ Uxbridge Parish of St Margaret's and St Andrew's Churches]
*[http://www.majestycc.com/ Uxbridge church Majesty Christian Centre]

*[http://www.uxbridgegazette.co.uk/ Uxbridge Gazette]

{{LB Hillingdon}}
{{London Districts}}
{{London Outer Orbital Path | locale=Uxbridge | forward=[[Harefield]] | back=[[Hayes, Hillingdon|Hayes]] | A=11 | B=12}}
{{Brunel University}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2010}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2010}}

[[Category:Areas of London]]
[[Category:Districts of Hillingdon]]
[[Category:Metropolitan centres of London]]
[[Category:Market towns in London]]
[[Category:London Loop]]
[[Category:Post towns in the UB postcode area]]

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