Geschichte der Juden in Indonesien

2010-01-22T18:23:00Z

Cyberdiablo: Reverted 1 edit by 118.96.216.120 identified as vandalism to last revision by 70.162.43.187. (TW)

The '''history of the Jews in Indonesia''' commences with the arrival of early European explorers and settlers. [[Jew]]s in [[Indonesia]] presently form a very small Jewish community of about 20 Jews,<ref>[http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/indonesia.html The Jewish Virtual Library - Indonesia]</ref> of mostly [[Sephardi Jews]].

== History ==

In the 1850s, Jewish traveller [[Jacob Saphir]] was the first to write about the Jewish community in the [[Dutch East Indies]], after visiting [[Jakarta|Batavia]]. In Batavia, he had spoken with a local Jew, who had told him of about 20 Jewish families in the city; and several more in [[Surabaya]] and [[Semarang]]. Most of the Jews living in the Dutch East Indies in the [[19th century]] were [[History of the Jews in the Netherlands|Dutch Jews]], who worked as merchants or were affiliated with the colonial regime. However, some members of the Jewish community were immigrants from [[History of the Jews in Iraq|Iraq]] or [[History of the Jews in Aden|Aden]].

Between the two World Wars, the number of Jews in the Dutch East Indies was estimated at 2,000 by Israel Cohen. Indonesian Jews suffered greatly under the [[Japanese Occupation of Indonesia]] and were interned and [[forced labour|forced to work in labor camps]]. After the war, the released Jews found themselves without their previous property, and many emigrated to the [[United States]], [[Australia]] or [[Israel]].

By the late 1960s, it had been estimated that there were 20 Jews living in [[Jakarta]], 25 more living in Surabaya and others living in [[Manado]].

== Population ==

The total Jewish population of Indonesia according to the [[World Jewish Congress]] <ref>[http://www.worldjewishcongress.org/comm_asia.html# World Jewish Congress numbers]</ref> is estimated at 20.

===Assimilation and population changes===
The same social and cultural characteristics of [[Indonesia]] that facilitated the extraordinary economic, political, and social success of the Indonesian Jewish community also contributed to [[cultural assimilation|assimilation]].

Intermarriage rates rose from roughly 55% in 1944 to approximately 90%-99% in 2004. Intermarried couples raise their children with a local religious upbringing. However, it is much more common for intermarried families to raise their children as just culturally Indonesian.

For identity, the government issues [[ID card]]s called KTP (Kartu Tanda Penduduk). Every citizen over the age of 17 must carry a KTP. Listed on the identity card is the holder's religion. Indonesia only recognizes five religions: Islam, Christianity/Catholicism, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Confucianism. Judaism and other religions are not recognized by the Indonesian government.

== See also ==
* [[Jew]]
* [[Yapto Soerjosoemarno]] , prominent Indonesian politician who has a Dutch-Jewish mother.
* [[List of Asian Jews]]
* [[Secular Jewish culture]]
* [[Model minority]] - Highly successful minority ethnic groups

== External links ==
*[http://www.bh.org.il/communities/Archive/indonesia.asp Beth Hatefutsoth] - The Jewish Community of Indonesia
*[http://eamusic.dartmouth.edu/~larry/misc_writings/jew_indonesia/latitudes.html The Jews of Surabaya]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Asia in topic|History of the Jews in}}
{{Oceania in topic|History of the Jews in}}

[[Category:Ethnic groups in Indonesia|Jews]]
[[Category:Jewish history by country|Indonesia]]
[[Category:Jews and Judaism in Southeast Asia|Indonesia]]
[[Category:Religion in Indonesia|Judaism]]

[[cs:Židé v Indonésii]]
[[fr:Judaïsme en Indonésie]]
[[id:Sejarah Yahudi di Indonesia]]
[[he:יהדות אינדונזיה]]
[[ms:Yahudi Indonesia]]

Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Geschichte der Juden in Indonesien