Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski

2017-08-22T12:34:31Z

Coderzombie:

{{Infobox scientist
| name = Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski 2014.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski in 2014.
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1993|6|3|mf=y}}
| birth_place = [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], United States
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates = 
| other_names =
| residence = [[Edison Park, Chicago]]
| citizenship = U.S.
| nationality = Cuban-American
| fields =
| workplaces = [[Boeing Phantom Works]], [[CERN]], [[NASA]]<ref name="hertz">{{cite web|url=http://hertzfoundation.org/dx/fellows/fellow_profile.aspx?d=11276|title=Hertz Foundation Profile|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref>
| patrons =
| alma_mater = [[Harvard University]], [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]
| thesis_title =
| thesis_url = 
| thesis_year =
| doctoral_advisor = [[Andrew Strominger]]
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students =
| notable_students =
| known_for = "Spin Memory"<ref>{{cite arXiv|title=New Gravitational Memories|first1=Sabrina|last1=Pasterski|first2=Andrew|last2=Strominger|first3=Alexander|last3=Zhiboedov|date=February 21, 2015|arxiv=1502.06120|class=hep-th}}</ref> <ref>http://motls.blogspot.com/2015/06/memories-asymptotic-symmetries-and-soft.html</ref> and "the Triangle"<ref name=Triangle >{{cite arXiv|title=Completing the Triangle for EM|first=Sabrina|last=Pasterski|date=May 4, 2015|arxiv=1505.00716|class=hep-th}}</ref> <ref>https://arxiv.org/pdf/1702.03300.pdf</ref>
| influences = [[Jeff Bezos]]<ref name=SA30 />
| influenced =
| awards = Inaugural MIT Freshman Entrepreneurship Award<ref>[http://news.mit.edu/2011/new-freshman-awards-0527 MIT Freshman Awards]</ref>
| signature = 
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
| spouse = 
| children =
| death_cause =
| education = Ph.D. Candidate<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/pictures/ggik45ekh/sabrina-pasterski-21/|title=Forbes Profile|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref>
| partner = 
}}

'''Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski''' (born June 3, 1993) is an American [[physicist]] from [[Chicago|Chicago, Illinois]] who studies [[high energy physics]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hetg.physics.harvard.edu|title=Center for the Fundamental Laws of Nature|publisher=Harvard University|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref> She describes herself as "a proud first-generation Cuban-American & Chicago Public Schools alumna."<ref name="hertz" /> She completed her undergraduate studies at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT) and is currently a graduate student at [[Harvard University]].

==Early life and education==

Gonzalez was born in [[Chicago]] on June 3, 1993. She enrolled at the [[Edison Regional Gifted Center]] in 1998, and graduated from the [[Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy]] in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sites.imsa.edu/imsa360/2015/07/30/every-physicist-should-learn-to-ride-a-motorcycle-sabrina-pasterski-10-profiled-by-chicago-tribune/|title=Sabrina Pasterski ’10 Profiled by Chicago Tribune|publisher=IMSA 360}}</ref>

Gonzalez holds an active interest in aviation. She took her first flying lesson in 2003, co-piloted FAA1 at [[EAA AirVenture Oshkosh]] in 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tc.faa.gov/oshkosh/2005/Sabrina_album/Sabrina/index.html|title=Sabrina|publisher=FAA Technical Center|year=2005|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref> and started building a kit aircraft by 2006.<ref name="Midwest Flyer">{{cite web|url=http://midwestflyer.com?p=2052|title=Wondering Where The Future of Aviation Is? Wonder No More! Meet Ms. Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski|publisher=Midwest Flyer|first=Jim|last=Bildilli|date=January 5, 2011|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref> Her first U.S. solo flight was in that kit aircraft in 2009 after being signed off by her [[Certified flight instructor|CFI]] [[Jay Maynard]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2016}}

As her scientific heroes Gonzalez named [[Leon Lederman]], [[Dudley Herschbach]], and [[Freeman Dyson]], and said she was drawn to physics by [[Jeff Bezos]].<ref name="SA30" /> She has received job offers from [[Blue Origin]], an aerospace company founded by [[Amazon.com]]'s Jeff Bezos, and the [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] (NASA).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://empowering.hearst.co.uk/be-inspired/sabrina-pasterski-women-in-stem/|title=Who's That Girl: Sabrina Pasterski|year=2016|publisher=Hearst UK|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref>

==Academia==

As a [[sophomore]], Gonzalez worked on the [[Compact Muon Solenoid|CMS]] experiment at the [[Large Hadron Collider]].<ref name=SA30 /> Gonzalez is currently pursuing a Ph.D. degree in high energy physics under the supervision of [[Andrew Strominger]]<ref>[https://hetg.physics.harvard.edu/people/sabrina-pasterski Members of the High Energy Theory Group: Sabrina Pasterski, Graduate Student]</ref> whom she was given her academic freedom from in the Spring of 2015.<ref>https://gsas.harvard.edu/colloquy-magazine/spring-2015</ref>

==Awards and honors==

* 2010, [[Illinois]] Aviation Trades Association Industry Achievement Award<ref name="Midwest Flyer" />
* 2012, [[Scientific American]] 30 under 30<ref name=SA30 >[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/lindau-sabrina-pasterski/ 30 Under 30: Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting], ''[[Scientific American]]'' profile</ref>
* 2012, [[Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings]] Young Researcher<ref name=SA30 />
* 2013, [[MIT Physics Department]] Orloff Scholarship Award<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/physics/current/awards/#orloff|title=Orloff Awards|publisher=MIT|date=August 8, 2015|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref>
* 2015, [[Forbes]] 30 under 30<ref>{{cite web|url=http://slice.mit.edu/2015/01/08/Forbes-30-under-30/|title=More Than 30 MIT Alumni Named to Forbes’ 30 Under 30 Lists|work=Slice of MIT|first=Jay|last=London|date=January 8, 2015|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref>
* 2015, [[Hertz Foundation]] Fellowship<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hertzfoundation.org/dx/fellows/fellows_new.aspx|title=Hertz New Fellows 2015|publisher=The Hertz Foundation|year=2015|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref>
* 2017, [[Forbes]] 30 under 30 All Star<ref>https://www.forbes.com/30-under-30-2017/#61b9d1e83fcd</ref>
* 2017, [[Marie Claire]] Genius Award<ref>http://www.marieclaire.com/culture/a24040/marie-claires-young-womens-honors/</ref>
* 2017, [[Silicon Valley Comic Con]] Headliner<ref>http://svcomiccon.com/press/2016/william-shatner-buzz-aldrin/</ref>

==Media coverage==

Shortly after the 2016 Hawking paper was released, actor [[George Takei]] referenced Pasterski on his [[Twitter]] account with her quote, {{" '}}Hopefully I'm known for what I do and not what I don't do.' A poignant sentiment."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/GeorgeTakei/status/689842843838320640?lang=en |first=George |last=Takei |date=January 20, 2016 |work=Twitter |title=Twitter feed}}</ref> The Steven P. Jobs Trust article included in the tweet has been shared over 1,200,000 times.<ref name="rising-star">{{cite web|url=http://www.ozy.com/rising-stars/this-millennial-might-be-the-new-einstein/65094|title=This Millennial Might Be The New Einstein|first=Farah|last=Halime|publisher=Steven P. Jobs Trust|work=Ozy.com|date=2016-01-12|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref>

International coverage of the paper and Pasterski's work subsequently appeared in [[Russia Today]], Poland's ''Angora'' newspaper and ''DNES'' in the Czech Republic.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vdclips.com/videos/2016/02/176-background-bureaucrac/zK7fgEnAKro.html|title=RT Watching the Hawks|publisher=RT|date=February 4, 2016|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pressreader.com/poland/angora/20160131|title=Angora|date=January 31, 2016|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pressreader.com/czech-republic/mf-dnes/20160314|title=DNES|date=March 14, 2016|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref> In 2016, rapper [[Chris Brown]] posted a page with a video promoting Pasterski.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chrisbrownsofficial.com/new-genius/|title=There’s A New Einstein In Town With Answers To The Universe’s Biggest Mysteries – And She’s A Millenial From Chicago|first=Chris|last=Brown|year=2016|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref> Forbes and [[The History Channel]] ran stories about Pasterski for their audiences in Mexico and Latin America respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com.mx/quien-sabrina-pasterski/|title=¿Quién es Sabrina Pasterski?|first=Leticia|last=Gasca|publisher=Forbes Mexico|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://gt.tuhistory.com/noticias/la-nueva-einstein-una-joven-fisica-latina-asombra-al-mundo-de-la-ciencia|title=¿La nueva Einstein? Una joven física latina asombra al mundo de la ciencia|publisher=The History Channel (Latin America)|accessdate=2016-04-05}}</ref>.

==References==

{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://physicsgirl.com Official website]
* [http://inspirehep.net/author/profile/S.Pasterski.1 Publications by Sabrina Pasterski on INSPIRE]
* {{cite news
|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2010-05-01/news/ct-met-allstate-pasterski-20100501_1_science-academy-illinois-mathematics-first-solo-flight
|newspaper=Chicago Tribune Online
|title=Sky’s the Limit for 16-year-old Pilot: Sabrina Pasterski Built Her Own Plane
|date=May 1, 2010|first=Azam |last=Ahmed}}
* {{cite news
|url=http://www.pressreader.com/bookmark/A0A63J673GD1/TextView?linkid=67eaaec7-d7fb-42df-9981-9278d7368cd9
|newspaper=Chicago Tribune Front Page
|title=Top of the World
|date=May 2, 2010|first=Azam |last=Ahmed}}
* {{cite news
|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/lifestyles/ct-remarkable-sabrina-pasterski-0802-2-20150728-story.html
|newspaper=Chicago Tribune Online
|title=Sky's the Limit for Down-to-Earth Physics Whiz Sabrina Pasterski
|first=Alison |last=Bowen
|date=July 29, 2015}}
* {{cite news
|url=http://www.pressreader.com/usa/chicago-tribune/20150802/283167197273833/TextView
|newspaper=Chicago Tribune Front Page
|title=Eyes on the Prize
|first=Alison |last=Bowen
|date=August 2, 2015}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pasterski, Sabrina Gonzalez}}
[[Category:1993 births]]
[[Category:American physicists]]
[[Category:Women physicists]]
[[Category:People associated with CERN]]
[[Category:Scientists from Chicago]]
[[Category:Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Sean Rooney (Fußballspieler)

2016-12-06T11:34:58Z

Coderzombie: recent

{{Infobox Fußballspieler
| kurzname =Sean Rooney
| bildname =Sean Rooney Bengaluru FC.png
| bildunterschrift = Rooney in einem Jugendspiel für den Sydney FC (2008)
| langname =Sean Daniel Rooney
| geburtstag =[[1. März]] [[1989]]
| geburtsort =[[Blacktown]]
| geburtsland =[[Australien]]
| sterbedatum =
| sterbeort =
| sterbeland =
| größe =
| position =Sturm
| jugendvereine =[[Sydney FC]]
| jugendjahre =2008
| vereine =[[Blacktown City Demons]] [[Newcastle United Jets]] [[Blacktown City FC]] [[Deltras Sidoarjo]] [[Blacktown City FC]] [[Salgaocar SC]] [[Blacktown City FC]] [[Bengaluru FC]]
| jahre =2006–2008 2008–2011 2011 2011–2012 2012 2012 2013 2013-
| spiele (tore) = 30 (3) 6 (1) 10 (7)
| nationalmannschaft =[[Australische Fußballnationalmannschaft (U-20-Männer)|Australien U-20]]
| nationaljahre =2009
| länderspiele (tore) =
| trainervereine =
| trainerjahre =
| lgupdate =1. Juli 2013
| nmupdate =
}}

'''Sean Rooney''' (* [[1. März]] [[1989]] in [[Blacktown]]) ist ein [[Fußball in Australien|australischer Fußballspieler]].

== Karriere ==

Rooney wurde 1989 im australischen Blacktown als Sohn eines [[Republik Irland|Iren]] und einer [[Italien]]erin geboren.<ref name="442 10">au.fourfourtwo.com: [http://au.fourfourtwo.com/features.aspx?CIaFID=3487&CIPseq=1 The 10 best players outside the A-League (23. Mai 2007)]</ref> 16-jährig gab er sein Debüt im Erwachsenenbereich für die [[Blacktown City Demons]] in der [[NSW Premier League]], nachdem er sich gegen ein Stipendium am [[NSW Institute of Sport]] entschied, um regelmäßig im Ligabetrieb spielen zu können, um sich dort für die Profiliga [[A-League]] empfehlen zu können. Im Mai 2007 nahm der australische Ableger des Fußballmagazins [[FourFourTwo]] Rooney in seine Liste der zehn besten Spieler Australiens außerhalb der A-League auf.<ref name="442 10" />

Im Sommer 2008 unterzeichnete der Stürmer einen Vertrag beim [[Sydney FC]] für das Jugendteam in der neu gegründeten [[A-League National Youth League|National Youth League]]. Nachdem er mit neun Treffern aus acht Einsätzen die Torschützenliste der Jugendliga anführte, bot ihm Ende 2008 der Ligakonkurrent [[Newcastle United Jets]] einen Vertrag für das Profiteam an, um den verletzten Stürmer [[Jason Naidovski]] zu ersetzen.<ref>theherald.com.au: [http://www.theherald.com.au/news/local/sport/soccer/jets-poach-sean-rooney-from-sydney-fc/1383232.aspx Jets poach Sean Rooney from Sydney FC (11. Dez. 2008)]</ref> Rooney nahm das Angebot an und gab am 14. Dezember gegen Queensland Roar sein Profidebüt.

Sein erstes Pflichtspieltor für die Jets erzielte er im Mai 2009 in der [[AFC Champions League 2009|AFC Champions League]]. Durch seinen 2:1-Siegtreffer in der letzten Minute der Nachspielzeit gegen Beijing Guoan gelang den Jets letztlich der Einzug ins Achtelfinale. Einen Monat später unterzeichnete er bei Newcastle einen neuen Zwei-Jahres-Vertrag.<ref>au.fourfourtwo.com: [http://au.fourfourtwo.com/news/105305,rooney-pens-new-deal.aspx Rooney Pens New Deal (11. Juni 2009)]</ref>

Im März 2009 wurde Rooney erstmals in ein Trainingslager der [[Australische Fußballnationalmannschaft (U-20-Männer)|australischen U-20-Auswahl]] eingeladen, das als Vorbereitung für die [[Junioren-Fußballweltmeisterschaft 2009|Junioren-WM 2009]] im September in Ägypten diente.<ref>au.fourfourtwo.com: [http://au.fourfourtwo.com/news/98959,young-roos-camp-squad.aspx Young Roos Camp Squad (17. März 2009)]</ref> Bei der WM-Endrunde kam er in allen drei Vorrundenpartien zum Einsatz, als die australische Elf ohne Punktgewinn ausschied.

In der australischen Medienlandschaft wird Sean Rooney wegen einiger Ähnlichkeiten mit dem englischen Stürmerstar [[Wayne Rooney]] verglichen, so verfügt Sean ebenfalls über einen tiefen Körperschwerpunkt, wirkt untersetzt und gilt als Heißsporn.<ref name="442 10" />

== Weblinks ==
* {{wfb|sean-rooney}}

== Einzelnachweise ==
<references />

{{SORTIERUNG:Rooney, Sean}}
[[Kategorie:Fußballspieler (Newcastle United Jets)]]
[[Kategorie:Australier]]
[[Kategorie:Mann]]
[[Kategorie:Geboren 1989]]

{{Personendaten
|NAME=Rooney, Sean
|ALTERNATIVNAMEN=Rooney, Sean Daniel
|KURZBESCHREIBUNG=australischer Fußballspieler
|GEBURTSDATUM=1. März 1989
|GEBURTSORT=Blacktown
|STERBEDATUM=
|STERBEORT=
}}

Game Change (Buch)

2016-06-21T12:47:57Z

Coderzombie: /* External links */ not relevant on the book page

{{about|the 2010 book|the film based on the book|Game Change (film)|the 2013 book|Double Down: Game Change 2012}}
{{confused|Game X Change|Game Changer (disambiguation)|Changing the Game (disambiguation)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2013}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Game Change: Obama and the Clintons, McCain and Palin, and the Race of a Lifetime
| image = game change book cover.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| author = [[John Heilemann]] and [[Mark Halperin]]
| country = United States
| language = English
| subject = [[United States presidential election, 2008|2008 United States presidential election]]
| genre = [[Non-fiction]]
| publisher = [[HarperCollins]]
| pub_date = January 11, 2010
| media_type = Print
| pages =
| isbn = 978-0-06-196620-0
| oclc =
| dewey =
| congress =
| followed_by = [[Double Down: Game Change 2012]]
}}

'''''Game Change: Obama and the Clintons, McCain and Palin, and the Race of a Lifetime''''' is a book by political journalists [[John Heilemann]] and [[Mark Halperin]] about the [[United States presidential election, 2008|2008 United States presidential election]].<ref name=harpercollins>{{cite web|url=http://www.harpercollins.com/books/9780061966200/Game_Change/index.aspx|title=About The Book: Game Change: Obama and the Clintons, McCain and Palin, and the Race of a Lifetime by John Heilemann, Mark Halperin|accessdate=January 9, 2010|publisher=[[HarperCollins]]}}</ref> Released on January 11, 2010,<ref name=yahoo>{{cite news|title=Reid apologizes for 'no Negro dialect' comment | last=Elliot | first=Philip | date=January 9, 2010 | work=[[Associated Press|The Associated Press]] | publisher=[[Boston Globe]]}}</ref> it was also published in the United Kingdom under the title '''''Race of a Lifetime: How Obama Won the White House'''''.<ref>{{cite news |first=Peter |last=Stothard |title=Race of a Lifetime: How Obama Won the White House by Mark Halperin and John Heilemann |work=[[The Times]] |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/books/article6988142.ece |date=January 16, 2009 |accessdate=January 16, 2009 |location=London}}</ref> The book is based on interviews with more than 300 people involved in the campaign.<ref name=politico>{{cite news | url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0110/31302.html | title=Book: Obama, Biden clashed in '08 | last=Martin | first=Jonathan | date=January 9, 2010 | work=[[The Politico|Politico]] | accessdate=January 10, 2010 }}</ref> It discusses factors including [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] presidential candidate [[John Edwards extramarital affair|John Edwards' extramarital affair]], the relationship between Democratic presidential nominee [[Barack Obama]] and his [[Vice President of the United States|vice presidential]] running mate [[Joe Biden]], the failure of [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] candidate [[Rudy Giuliani]]'s [[Rudy Giuliani presidential campaign, 2008|presidential campaign]] and [[Sarah Palin]]'s vice presidential candidacy.<ref name=harpercollins/><ref name=politico/><ref name="ambinder1">{{cite web|url=http://politics.theatlantic.com/2010/01/the_juiciest_revelations_in_game_change.php|title=The Juiciest Revelations In "Game Change"|date=January 8, 2010|accessdate=January 9, 2010|work=[[The Atlantic]]|first=Marc|last=Ambinder|authorlink=Marc Ambinder}}</ref><ref name="ZelenyBlog">{{cite news |url=http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/09/2008-campaign-all-over-again-in-new-book/|title=2008 Campaign, All Over Again in New Book|date=January 9, 2010|accessdate=January 9, 2010|first=Jeff|last=Zeleny|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>

The book is divided into three parts. Part 1 (fourteen chapters) is about [[Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008|the Democratic primary race]] between Obama and Clinton as well as the Edwards affair. Part 2 (three chapters) is about [[Republican Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008|the Republican primary race]]. Part 3 (six chapters) describe the fall campaign between Obama and [[John McCain]].

==Book==
''Game Change'' included several new assertions about the 2008 campaign that had not previously been reported. Among them were that [[Party leaders of the United States Senate|Senate Majority Leader]] [[Harry Reid]] and [[United States Senate|Senator]] [[Chuck Schumer]] privately had urged [[Barack Obama]] to run for president in the fall of 2006, in hopes that it would energize the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] base and improve the party's chances of winning the presidency. The book also detailed an hour-long meeting between [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] and pollster [[Mark Penn]], during which Clinton accused Obama of "playing the [[race card]]" and importing people into [[Iowa]] to improve his chances at the caucus. The book also alleges that Hillary Clinton wanted to make a bigger issue out of Obama's drug use, but was dissuaded by certain members of her staff.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://politics.theatlantic.com/2010/01/game_change_even_more_juicy_stuff.php|title=Game Change: Even More Juicy Stuff|date=January 9, 2010|accessdate=January 10, 2010|work=[[The Atlantic]]|first=Marc|last=Ambinder|authorlink=Marc Ambinder}}</ref> Also during this meeting, she allegedly said, "I hate the choice that the country's faced with. I think it is a terrible choice for our nation."<ref name="ZelenyBlog" />

Heilemann and Halperin wrote in ''Game Change'' that Clinton had considered entering the [[United States presidential election, 2004|2004 presidential race]], and that polls indicated her odds were encouraging. She was encouraged to run by her husband, former-President [[Bill Clinton]], but their daughter [[Chelsea Clinton]] advised her against it. Clinton was also against running because when she was running for senator, she made the voters the promise that she would complete her full senate term. Also in 2006, according to ''Game Change'', advisers to Clinton worked on a strategy to deal with any public disclosure over an affair which some of Hillary Clinton's advisers had believed Bill Clinton was then carrying on. The book did not provide any further details, except that the affair was "a sustained romantic relationship".<ref name="ZelenyBlog" />

''Game Change'' also included details of [[John Edwards]]'s affair with [[Rielle Hunter]], and his handling of it before it was made public. According to the book, Edwards angrily rejected requests by his advisers to distance himself from Hunter. The book also described, in some depth, Sarah Palin's role in [[John McCain]]'s campaign. In response to concerns that Palin was depressed and unresponsive to debate training, McCain reportedly suggested debate sessions for Palin be moved from [[Philadelphia]] to [[Sedona, Arizona|Sedona]], [[Arizona]], so Palin could be closer to her family. McCain aides reportedly were also concerned about Palin's failure to understand basic facts prior to her [[ABC News]] interviews with [[Charles Gibson]], including why [[North Korea]] and [[South Korea]] are separate countries. She also allegedly believed [[Saddam Hussein]] was behind the [[September 11 attacks]].<ref name="ZelenyBlog" />

The book ends with Obama being elected [[President of the United States]] and reporting on how he offered Clinton the job of [[United States Secretary of State]] in his administration. After initially turning Obama down in part out of fear that Bill Clinton would become a distraction for them both, she accepts the job after a late night phone conversation with Obama, who convinces her that she would be the best person for the position. She would serve for Obama's entire first term before stepping down. She would be replaced by Senator [[John Kerry]].

==Response==
{{wikinews|US Senate Majority leader Harry Reid criticized over "Negro" comments}}
[[Harry Reid]] was heavily criticized for comments he previously made about [[Barack Obama]], which had not been made public until they were published in ''Game Change''. According to the book, Reid said he believed Obama could become the country's first black president because he was "light-skinned" and had "no Negro dialect, unless he wanted to have one". Reid acknowledged and apologized for the comments, and his apology was accepted by Barack Obama. The disclosure came at a time Reid was facing a difficult [[United States Senate election in Nevada, 2010|reelection campaign]] in his home state of [[Nevada]].<ref name="Zeleny0109">{{Cite news |last=Zeleny |first=Jeff |title=Reid Apologizes for Racial Remarks About Obama |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 9, 2010 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/10/us/politics/10reidweb.html?hp |accessdate=January 9, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2010/01/09/reid-apology-for-negro-dialect-comment/|title=Reid apologizes for 'Negro dialect' comment|date=January 9, 2010|accessdate=January 9, 2010|publisher=[[CNN]]|first=Mark|last=Preston}}</ref><ref name="Allen0109">{{cite web|url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0110/31299.html|title=Palin attacks book; Reid regrets|date=January 9, 2010|accessdate=January 9, 2010|first=Mike|last=Allen|authorlink=Michael Allen (journalist)|work=[[The Politico]]}}</ref> [[National Republican Senatorial Committee]] Chair [[John Cornyn]], [[Republican National Committee]] Chair [[Michael Steele]], Senate Minority Leader [[Mitch McConnell]] and Senate Minority Whip [[Jon Kyl]] called on Reid to step down as [[Senate majority leader|majority leader]] for his remarks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0110/31325.html|title=Republicans charge Lott-Reid double standard|date=January 10, 2010|accessdate=January 10, 2010|first=John|last=Bresnahan|work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Reid ultimately won reelection for his seat.<ref>{{cite news|last=Damon|first=Anjeanette|title=Sen. Harry Reid wins fifth term against anti-incumbent fervor|url=http://www.lasvegassun.com/news/2010/nov/02/harry-reid-takes-lead-over-sharron-angle/|accessdate=March 11, 2012|newspaper=Las Vegas Sun|date=November 2, 2010|author2=Demirjian, Karoun}}</ref>

Also reported for the first time was a comment [[Bill Clinton]] supposedly made in trying to convince [[Ted Kennedy]] not to back Obama's candidacy but rather that of his wife, [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]]. Clinton reportedly said to Kennedy that "a few years ago, this guy would have been getting us coffee." There is no evidence that Clinton ever made the remark. However, the alleged belittling of Obama's candidacy supposedly helped lead to Kennedy's endorsement of Obama shortly thereafter.<ref name="fox011110"/> [[Reverend Al Sharpton]] condemned Clinton's alleged remark, saying, "I think that's far more disturbing [than Senator Reid's comments] because this is someone seeking to stop Mr. Obama's campaign... If someone said that he would have been getting us coffee like that in the context they said he said it, that would be very offensive to me, and I would definitely take Mr. Clinton on".<ref name="fox011110">{{cite news | url=http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2010/01/11/sharpton-clinton-coffee-remark-obama-disturbing/ | title=Sharpton: Clinton 'Coffee' Remark About Obama 'Disturbing' | publisher=[[Fox News]] | date=January 11, 2010 | accessdate=February 14, 2010}}</ref>

Critics questioned the lack of explicit sourcing in ''Game Change'', which was done on "[[Source (journalism)#.22Speaking terms.22|deep background]]" with no sources being identified in any way.<ref name="usa011210">{{cite news | url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/theoval/post/2010/01/obama-reid-and-the-latest-washington-book-frenzy/1 | title=Obama, Reid, and the (latest) Washington book frenzy | first=David | last=Jackson | newspaper=[[USA Today]] | date=January 12, 2010 | accessdate=February 14, 2010}}</ref><ref name="pol-cald">{{cite news | url=http://dyn.politico.com/printstory.cfm?uuid=1AECC264-18FE-70B2-A88C3D2347C82C8B | title='Game Change': The freak show | first=Michael | last=Calderone | newspaper=[[The Politico]] | date=January 10, 2010 | accessdate=February 14, 2010}}</ref> This followed the approach made famous in many of [[Bob Woodward]]'s books.<ref name="usa011210"/> A [[Poynter Institute]] journalism ethics scholar said a danger of this method is that “both accuracy and fairness can be in jeopardy when anonymous sources are overused and misused” and that deep background sources “cannot be held easily accountable."<ref name="pol-cald"/> [[Michiko Kakutani]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote that the authors of ''Game Change'' "serve up a spicy smorgasbord of observations, revelations and allegations — some that are based on impressive legwork and access, some that simply crystallize rumors and whispers from the campaign trail, and some that are hard to verify independently as more than spin or speculation on the part of unnamed sources."<ref name="nyt-rev">{{cite news | url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/11/books/11book.html | title=In ‘Game Change,’ Insight on the 2008 Campaign | first=Michiko | last=Kakutani | authorlink=Michiko Kakutani | newspaper=[[The New York Times]] | date=January 10, 2010 | accessdate=February 14, 2010}}</ref> Kakutani and [[Marc Ambinder]] of ''[[The Atlantic]]'' both said that at times the book veered into gossip.<ref name="ambinder1"/><ref name="nyt-rev"/> The authors defended themselves against such criticism, with Halperin saying they maintained "an incredibly high standard" and that they left material out if it was not verifiable or relevant, and Heilemann saying "We tried to tell a story of the intimate reality of what it's like to run for president. Gossip is that which is unverified ... Everything in our book is factual."<ref>{{cite news | url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/washington/2010/01/game-change-book-gossip-or-journalism.html | title='Game Change': Is the book gossip or journalism? | first=Johanna | last=Neuman | newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] | date=January 11, 2010 | accessdate=February 14, 2010}}</ref> The book was also criticized as being the embodiment of insider, establishment journalism.<ref name="pol-cald"/><ref name="wapo-rev">{{cite news | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/01/15/AR2010011501702.html | title=Book review of 'Game Change' by John Heilemann and Mark Halperin | first=Alan | last=Wolfe | authorlink=Alan Wolfe | newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | date=January 17, 2010 | accessdate=February 14, 2010}}</ref>

Sarah Palin has criticized Heilemann and Halperin for ''Game Change'''s depiction of her candidacy. Meghan Stapleton, Palin's spokeswoman, suggested Palin's autobiography ''[[Going Rogue: An American Life]]'' was a more accurate portrayal of the campaign and Palin's role in it.<ref name="Allen0109" /> [[Jay Carney]], the White House Press Secretary, when he was Joe Biden's communications director, criticized the authors for not checking directly with any of Biden's staff to verify the accounts in the book, but did not comment on the accounts themselves.<ref name="pol-cald"/><ref>{{cite news | url=http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/game-change-authors-halperin-heilemann-shocked/story?id=9530045 | title='Game Change' Authors: 'We Were Shocked' by Revelations from 2008 Presidential Campaign | author=Dwyer, Devin | author2=Kerley, David | author3=Wong, Kristina | work=[[Good Morning America]] | publisher=[[ABC News]] | date=January 11, 2010 | accessdate=February 14, 2010}}</ref>

==Film adaptation==
{{main|Game Change (film)}}

[[HBO Films]] produced a film adaptation of ''Game Change'' directed by [[Jay Roach]]. The film, which focuses primarily on the third part of the book, premiered on March 10, 2012.<ref>[http://www.hbo.com/#/movies/game-change ''Game Change''], HBO webpage.</ref> The film received numerous award nominations, and won four [[Emmy Award]]s, including the award for Outstanding Actress in a Miniseries for [[Julianne Moore]], who portrayed [[Sarah Palin]].

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Barack Obama|Politics}}
* [http://nymag.com/news/politics/63045/ Excerpt from ''Game Change'']. ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]''
* [http://www.amazon.com/Game-Change-Clintons-McCain-Lifetime/dp/B0058M62SE/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1362805860&sr=1-1&keywords=Game+Change Amazon.com's book reviews and description]
* [http://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/game-change-john-heilemann/1100560037?ean=9780061733642 Barnes & Noble's editorial reviews and overview]
* [http://archive.ontheissues.org/Game_Change.htm OnTheIssues.org's book review and excerpts]

[[Category:2010 books]]
[[Category:Books about Barack Obama]]
[[Category:Books about Hillary Clinton]]
[[Category:Books about John McCain]]
[[Category:Books about Sarah Palin]]
[[Category:Books adapted into films]]
[[Category:HarperCollins books]]
[[Category:Non-fiction books about elections]]
[[Category:United States presidential election, 2008]]

Bengaluru FC

2016-05-31T21:02:48Z

Coderzombie:

{{Lückenhaft|Geschichte, Spieler, Stadion, etc.}}
{{Belege fehlen}}
{{Infobox Fußballklub
| image =
| kurzname = Bengaluru FC
| langname =
| ort = [[Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]]
| gegründet = 2013
| aufgelöst =
| vereinsfarben = blau-rot
| stadion = [[Sree Kanteerava Stadion]]
| plätze = 39.000
| eigentümer = JSW Group
| präsident = Sajjan Jindal
| vorstand =
| chefbezeichnung =
| chefname =
| trainer =
| homepage = [http://www.bengalurufc.com/welcome.php Vereinsseite]
| liga = [[I-League]]
| saison = 2013/14
| rang = 1. Platz
| pattern_la1 =
| pattern_b1 =
| pattern_ra1 =
| pattern_sh1 =
| pattern_so1 =
| leftarm1 =
| body1 =
| rightarm1 =
| shorts1 =
| socks1 =
| pattern_la2 =
| pattern_b2 =
| pattern_ra2 =
| pattern_sh2 =
| pattern_so2 =
| leftarm2 =
| body2 =
| rightarm2 =
| shorts2 =
| socks2 =
}}

Der '''Bengaluru FC''' ist ein indischer [[Fußballverein]] aus [[Bangalore]] im Bundesstaat [[Karnataka]]. Gegründet wurde der Verein erst im Jahr 2013, durfte aber schon in der Premierensaison in der erstklassigen [[I-League]] spielen. Das Unternehmen [[JSW Group]] ist Besitzer dieses Vereins und ermöglichte mit einer Geldzahlung den sofortigen Gang in die erste Liga. In der Saison 2013/14 feierte der Verein die erste Meisterschaft, in der darauffolgenden Saison konnte er den [[Federation Cup (Indien)|Federation Cup]] gewinnen. [[AFC Champions League 2015|2015]] nahm der Verein erstmals an der Qualifikation zur [[AFC Champions League]] teil.

== Erfolge ==
* [[I-League|Indischer Meister]]: 2013/14
* [[Federation Cup (Indien)|Indischer Pokalsieger]]: 2014/15

== Asienpokalbilanz ==
{| class="wikitable"
|- class="hintergrundfarbe5"
! Saison
! Wettbewerb
! Runde
! Gegner
! Gesamt
! Hinspiel
! Rückspiel
|-
| [[AFC Champions League 2015|2015]]
| [[AFC Champions League]]
| 1. Quali-Runde
| {{MYS|#}} [[Johor FC]]
| colspan="3" align="center"| '''1:2 n. V.'''
|-
| rowspan="4"| [[AFC Cup 2015|2015]]
| rowspan="4"| [[AFC Cup]]
| rowspan="3"| Gruppenphase
| {{MDV|#}} [[Maziya S&RC]]
| align="center"| '''4:2'''
| align="center"| 2:1 (H)
| align="center"| 2:1 (A)
|-
| {{IDN|#}} [[Persipura Jayapura]]
| align="center"| '''2:6'''
| align="center"| 1:3 (A)
| align="center"| 1:3 (H)
|-
| {{SGP|#}} [[Warriors FC]]
| align="center"| '''2:0'''
| align="center"| 1:0 (H)
| align="center"| 1:0 (A)
|-
| Achtelfinale
| {{HKG|#}} [[South China AA]]
| colspan="3" align="center"| '''0:2'''
|}

== Weblinks ==
* [http://www.bengalurufc.com/welcome.php Offizielle Website]

[[Kategorie:Indischer Fußballverein]]
[[Kategorie:Sport (Bangalore)]]

Post hoc ergo propter hoc

2016-05-09T12:19:51Z

Coderzombie: /* See also */

{{About|the logical fallacy||Post hoc (disambiguation){{!}}Post hoc}}
{{for|the West Wing episode|Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc (The West Wing)}}
{{Italic title}}
{{refimprove|date=November 2015}}
'''''Post hoc ergo propter hoc''''' ([[Latin]]: "after this, therefore because of this") is a [[logical fallacy]] (of the [[questionable cause]] variety) that states "Since event Y ''followed'' event X, event Y must have been ''caused'' by event X." It is often shortened to simply '''''post hoc fallacy'''''. It is subtly different from the fallacy ''[[correlation does not imply causation#General pattern|cum hoc ergo propter hoc]]'' ("with this, therefore because of this"), in which two things or events occur simultaneously or the chronological ordering is insignificant or unknown. ''Post hoc'' is a particularly tempting error because temporal sequence appears to be integral to [[causality]]. The fallacy lies in coming to a conclusion based ''solely'' on the order of events, rather than taking into account other factors that might rule out the connection.

The following is a simple example:
{{blockquote|The rooster crows immediately before sunrise; therefore the rooster causes the sun to rise.}}

== Pattern ==
The form of the ''post hoc fallacy'' can be expressed as follows:
:* '''A''' occurred, then '''B''' occurred.
:* Therefore, '''A''' caused '''B'''.

When '''B''' is undesirable, this pattern is often extended to the reverse: Avoiding '''A''' will prevent '''B'''.

== Examples ==
* "I can't help thinking that you are the cause of this problem; we never had any problem with the furnace until you moved into the apartment." The manager of the apartment house, on no stated grounds other than the temporal priority of the new tenant's occupancy, holds that the tenant's presence has some causal relationship to the furnace's becoming faulty.<ref>{{cite book |title= Attacking Faulty Reasoning: A Practical Guide to Fallacy-Free Arguments|last= Damer|first= T Edward|authorlink= T. Edward Damer|edition= 3rd|year= 1995|publisher= Wadsworth Publishing|location= [[Belmont, California|Belmont, CA]]|isbn= 978-0-534-21750-1|oclc= 30319422|page= 131}}</ref>
* In the obsolete theory of [[spontaneous generation]], people once erroneously believed that [[maggot]]s arose spontaneously from rotting meat, due to observing their presence at the site of rotting meat. [[Francesco Redi]] disproved this by using jars with lids permeable to air but not insects, compared to uncovered jars. The flies could only enter the uncovered jars and those were the only ones in which maggots appeared.
* [[Aluminium]], [[barium]], and [[strontium]] are being found in soil tests, and there are more [[contrail|airplane contrail]]s seen in the sky. Therefore, the contrails must actually be [[chemtrail conspiracy theory|chemtrail]]s purposefully spraying these elements into the atmosphere.
* After smoke comes out of an electronic component, it no longer works. Therefore, the [[Magic smoke|smoke was magic]], and made the component work.
* The Brazilian footballer [[Pelé]] is said to have blamed a dip in form on having given a fan a specific playing shirt. Once back in possession of the shirt, he attributed his return in form to having retrieved the shirt. His fallacious reasoning was revealed by the subsequent discovery that the original shirt had not been recovered, but replaced by the same one he had worn the previous match.<ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/arsenal/4805924/Top-10-Football-superstitions-to-rival-Arsenals-Kolo-Toure.html Top 10: Football superstitions to rival Arsenal's Kolo Toure by Sandy Macaskill, ''The Daily Telegraph'' 25 February 2009]</ref>

==Popular culture==
The phrase was the title of the second episode of [[West Wing]], the multi-[[Emmy Award]] winning drama by [[Aaron Sorkin]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The West Wing|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0745669/|website=IMDB|accessdate=3 February 2016}}</ref>

The phrase is used by the character Sheldon Cooper in the third season of [[The Big Bang Theory]]. Sheldon uses the logical fallacy to dispute his mother's claim that her prayer group did ensure his safety during his North Pole expedition.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Big Bang Theory|url=http://the-big-bang-theory.com/quotes/episode/301/The-Electric-Can-Opener-Fluctuation/}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Correlation does not imply causation]]
* [[Confirmation bias]]
* [[Superstition]]
* [[Jumping to conclusions]]
* [[Magical thinking]]
* [[Cargo cult]]
* [[Whig history]]
* [[Apophenia]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Informal fallacy}}
{{Time in philosophy}}

[[Category:Causal fallacies]]
[[Category:Logical fallacies]]
[[Category:Latin logical phrases]]

[[de:Cum hoc ergo propter hoc#post hoc ergo propter hoc (zeitliches Nacheinander)]]

Toks Olagundoye

2016-05-06T15:31:33Z

Coderzombie:

{{Infobox person
| name = Toks Olagundoye
| image = Toks Olagundoye 2013.jpg
| imagesize =240px
| caption =Olagundoye at a PR shoot in April 2013
| birth_name = Olatokunbo Susan Olasobunmi Abeke Olagundoye
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1975|09|16}}<ref name=tvg />
| birth_place =[[Lagos]], [[Nigeria]]<ref name=abcmn>[http://www.abcmedianet.com/web/showpage/showpage.aspx?program_id=003512&type=olagundoye Toks Olagundoye] at ABC MediaNet</ref>
| death_date =
| death_place =
| othername =
| occupation = Actress
| yearsactive = 2001–present
| spouse =
| website =
}}

'''Olatokunbo Susan Olasobunmi Abeke "Toks" Olagundoye''' (born September 16, 1975) is a Nigerian television and film actress, writer and producer.<ref name=tvg>[http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/toks-olagundoye/bio/379001 Toks Olagundoye: Biography] at TVGuide.com</ref> She is known for her role as Hayley Shipton in [[Castle (TV series)|Castle]] and [[List_of_The_Neighbors_characters#Jackie_Joyner-Kersee|Jackie Joyner-Kersee]] in the [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] TV sitcom ''[[The Neighbors (2012 TV series)|The Neighbors]]''.

==Early life==
Olatokunbo Susan Olasobunmi Abeke Olagundoye was born in [[Lagos]], [[Nigeria]], to a [[Norway|Norwegian]] mother and a Nigerian father.<ref name=abcmn/> As a youth, she was educated in Nigeria, Switzerland, and England.<ref name=IMDB>{{IMDb name|id=1252685|name=Toks Olagundoye}}</ref><ref name=GTKT>[http://www.toksolagundoye.com/TOKS_OLAGUNDOYE/Get_To_Know_Toks.html Get To Know Toks] at her official website</ref> She received a Bachelor of Fine Arts in theatre from [[Smith College]].<ref name=GTKT/>

==Career==
Olagundoye made her screen debuts on both TV and the big screen in 2002; in an episode of the television series ''[[The Education of Max Bickford]]''; and in the film ''[[Brown Sugar (2002 film)|Brown Sugar]]'' later that same year. She appeared opposite [[Ruby Dee]] in an off-Broadway production ''Saint Lucy's Eyes'' in April 2001,<ref name=TBCInc>{{cite news|author1=Matthew Murray|title=Saint Lucy's Eyes Theatre Review by Matthew Murray|url=https://www.talkinbroadway.com/ob/4_12_01.html|accessdate=22 September 2015|agency=Matthew Murray|publisher=Talkin' Broadway.com, Inc.|date=2001-04-12|quote=Though the new play, Saint Lucy's Eyes, which opened last night,}}</ref> and in 2005 she cofounded the theater company Three Chicks Theatre, which produced Andrea Lepcio's ''[[One Nation Under]]'' in 2008.<ref name=tvg/> Olagundoye has guest-starred on ''[[Ugly Betty]]'', ''[[Law & Order]]'', ''[[CSI: NY]]'', ''[[Switched at Birth (TV series)|Switched at Birth]]'', ''[[NCIS (TV series)|NCIS: Naval Criminal Investigative Service]]'' and ''[[Prime Suspect (U.S. TV series)|Prime Suspect]]''. Her film credits include ''[[A Beautiful Soul]]'', ''[[Come Back to Me (film)|Come Back to Me]]'', ''Absolute Trust'' and ''[[The Salon (film)|The Salon]]''.

In 2012 Olagundoye was cast as a series regular in the ABC comedy series ''[[The Neighbors (2012 TV series)|The Neighbors]]'',<ref>[http://www.tvovermind.com/the-neighbors/the-neighbors-first-look-at-abcs-new-alien-family-comedy/ The Neighbors: First Look at ABC's New Alien Family Comedy], TVovermind.com, 15 May 2012.</ref><ref name=Deadline2>{{cite web|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|title=Pilot Castings: Four In Dan Fogelman Comedy, Jeff Eastin Drama Adds One|url=http://www.deadline.com/2011/12/pilot-castings-four-cast-in-don-fogelman-comedy-jeff-eastin-drama-adds-one/|work=Deadline.com|publisher=PMC|date=December 11, 2011|accessdate=July 30, 2012}}</ref><ref>[http://beta.abc.go.com/shows/the-neighbors ''The Neighbors''] at ABC</ref><ref>[http://www.zimbio.com/31+Fresh+Faces+of+Fall+TV+2012/articles/tVIcH0Rx34Y/Toks+Olagundoye+The+Neighbors 31 Fresh Faces of Fall TV 2012], Zimbio.com</ref> playing the part of [[List of The Neighbors characters#Jackie Joyner-Kersee|Jackie Joyner-Kersee]] until the series was canceled after two seasons in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/abc-cancels-neighbors-702637|title=ABC Cancels 'The Neighbors'|last=Goldberg|first=Lesley|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=May 9, 2014|accessdate=May 9, 2014}}</ref> She later had starring roles in the two television pilots: ''Feed Me'', opposite [[Mary-Louise Parker]] for [[NBC]]; and [[Amazon.com|Amazon]]'s ''Salem Rogers'', co-starring with [[Leslie Bibb]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deadline.com/2014/03/toks-olagundoye-joins-nbc-pilot-feed-me-jobeth-williams-in-your-family-or-mine/|title=Toks Olagundoye Joins NBC Pilot ‘Feed Me’, JoBeth Williams In ‘Your Family Or Mine’ - Deadline|author=Nellie Andreeva|work=Deadline|accessdate=7 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/neighbors-actress-joins-amazon-comedy-737976|title='The Neighbors' Actress Joins Amazon Comedy Pilot (Exclusive)|work=The Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=7 July 2015}}</ref> Olagundoye joined the cast of ABC comedy-drama ''[[Castle (TV series)|Castle]]'' in 2015 as a series regular in the role of Hayley Shipton.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/castle-season-8-toks-olagundoye-807007|title='Castle' Enlists 'Neighbors' Favorite as Regular for Season 8|work=The Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=7 July 2015}}</ref>

==Filmography==

===Film===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Role
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Brown Sugar (2002 film)|Brown Sugar]]''
| Sidney's LA Assistant
|
|-
| 2005
| ''[[The Salon (film)|The Salon]]''
| Peaches
|
|-
| 2009
| ''Absolute Trust''
| Kelly
|
|-
| 2010
| ''Mom Squad''
| Mom
| Short film
|-
| 2010
| ''Dorito-hibition!''
| Danielle
| Short film
|-
| 2011
| ''Most Wanted''
| Operative Keel
|
|-
| 2011
| ''Come Back to Me''
| Seritou
|
|-
| 2011
| ''Life Begins at Rewirement''
| Nurse
| Short film
|-
| 2012
| ''[[A Beautiful Soul]]''
| Theresa Whitaker
|
|-
| 2012
| ''Democracy at Work''
| Meghan Oliver
|
|-
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Role
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2002
| ''[[The Education of Max Bickford]]''
| Hannah
| Episode: "An Open Book"
|-
| 2004
| ''[[Law & Order]]''
| Janette Gardner
| Episode: "[[C.O.D. (Law & Order)|C.O.D.]]"
|-
| 2006
| ''[[3 lbs]]''
| Mary
| Episode: "Of Two Minds"
|-
| 2008
| ''[[Ugly Betty]]''
| Sales Girl
| Episode: "[[Bad Amanda]]"
|-
| 2010
| ''[[Law & Order]]''
| Claire
| Episode: "[[Blackmail (Law & Order)|Blackmail]]"
|-
| 2010
| ''[[CSI: NY]]''
| Reporter
| Episode: "Hide Sight"
|-
| 2011
| ''[[Switched at Birth (TV series)|Switched at Birth]]''
| Cooking Class Teacher
| Episode: "The Persistence of Memory"
|-
| 2011
| ''[[NCIS (TV series)|NCIS]]''
| Rebeka Hooper
| Episode: "Safe Harbor"
|-
| 2011
| ''[[Prime Suspect (U.S. TV series)|Prime Suspect]]''
| Lucy Martin
| Episode: "Wednesday's Child"
|-
| 2012–2014
| ''[[The Neighbors (2012 TV series)|The Neighbors]]''
| Jackie Joyner-Kersee
| Main cast
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Steven Universe]]''
| Nanefua
| Episode: "Beach Party"
|-
|2015
| ''[[The Fosters (2013 TV series)|The Fosters]]''
| Faith
| Episodes: "More Than Words", "Lucky"
|-
|2015–present
| ''[[Castle (TV series)|Castle]]''
| Hayley Shipton
| Main cast (season 8)
|}

===Video games===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Role
|-
|2014
|''[[Game of Thrones (2014 video game)|Game of Thrones]]''
|Beskha (voice)
|}

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Toks Olagundoye}}
*{{Official website|http://www.toksolagundoye.com}}
*{{IMDb name|id=1252685|name=Toks Olagundoye}}
*{{twitter|ToksOlagundoye|name=Toks Olagundoye}}

{{Persondata
|NAME= Olagundoye, Toks
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION= Actress
|DATE OF BIRTH= September 16, 1975
|PLACE OF BIRTH= [[Lagos]], [[Nigeria]]
|DATE OF DEATH=
|PLACE OF DEATH=
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Olagundoye, Toks}}
[[Category:Actresses from Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian people of Norwegian descent]]
[[Category:Nigerian film actresses]]
[[Category:Nigerian expatriate actresses in the United States]]
[[Category:1975 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Nigerian actresses]]
[[Category:Yoruba actresses]]
[[Category:Smith College alumni]]
[[Category:Nigerian television actresses]]

True Story – Spiel um Macht

2015-03-29T10:49:49Z

Coderzombie: /* Cast */

{{Infobox film
| name = True Story
| image = True_Story_poster.jpg
| caption = Teaser poster
| director = [[Rupert Goold]]
| producer = [[Anthony Katagas]] [[Brad Pitt]] [[Dede Gardner]] [[Jeremy Kleiner]]
| writer = David Kajganich
| based on = {{based on|A memoir|[[Michael Finkel]]}}
| starring = [[James Franco]] [[Jonah Hill]] [[Felicity Jones]] [[Gretchen Mol]]
| music = [[Marco Beltrami]]
| cinematography = [[Masanobu Takayanagi]]
| production design = Jeremy Hindle
| editing = Nicolas De Toth
| studio = [[New Regency Pictures]] [[Plan B Entertainment]]
| distributor = [[Fox Searchlight Pictures]]
| released = April 17, 2015
| runtime =
| country = United States
| language = English
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''True Story''''' is an upcoming 2015 American [[drama film]] directed by [[Rupert Goold]] and written by David Kajganich. It is based on the memoir by [[Michael Finkel]]. The film stars [[James Franco]], [[Jonah Hill]], [[Felicity Jones]], [[Gretchen Mol]], Betty Gilpin and [[John Sharian]]. The film will see Franco play [[Christian Longo]], a man who was on the FBI's most wanted list for murdering his wife and three children in Oregon, and who had also been hiding under the identity of Michael Finkel, a journalist, played by Hill.<ref>{{cite web|first=Max |last=Nicholson |url=http://movies.ign.com/articles/121/1219521p1.html |title=Hill, Franco Join Pitt for True Story – Movies News at IGN |publisher=Movies.ign.com |date= |accessdate=May 13, 2012}}</ref> The film premiered at the 2015 [[Sundance Film Festival]] and is to be released theatrically on April 17, 2015 in the United States.

== Cast ==
{{div col|2}}
* [[James Franco]] as [[Christian Longo]]
* [[Jonah Hill]] as [[Michael Finkel]]
* [[Felicity Jones]] as Jill
* Connor Kikot as Zachary Longo
* [[Gretchen Mol]] as Karen
* Betty Gilpin as Cheryl
* [[John Sharian]] as Sheriff
* [[Robert Stanton (actor)|Robert Stanton]] as Jeffrey Gregg
* [[Maria Dizzia]] as Mary Jane Longo
* [[Genevieve Angelson]] as Tina Alvis
* [[Dana Eskelson]] as Joy Longo
* Joel Garland as Dan Pegg
* Rebecca Henderson as Ellen Parks
*Charlotte Driscoll as Sadie Longo
{{div col end}}

== Production ==

=== Filming ===
The filming of the ''True Story'' began in March 2013 in [[Warwick, New York|Warwick, NY]] and [[New York City]].<ref>{{cite news|title=New Regency To Finance ‘True Story’ With Jonah Hill And James Franco|url=http://www.deadline.com/2012/03/new-regency-to-finance-true-story-with-jonah-hill-and-james-franco/|accessdate=July 1, 2013|newspaper=deadline.com|date=March 29, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=First look at Jonah Hill & Felicity Jones filming ‘True Story’ in NYC|url=http://www.onlocationvacations.com/2013/03/21/first-look-at-jonah-hill-felicity-jones-filming-true-story-in-nyc/|accessdate=July 1, 2013|newspaper=onlocationvacations.com|date=March 21, 2013}}</ref> [[Brad Pitt]] is producing the film and [[Fox Searchlight Pictures]] will distribute it.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Brad Pitt-produced movie ‘True Story’ is filming in Warwick, NY this week|url=http://www.onlocationvacations.com/2013/03/07/the-brad-pitt-produced-movie-true-story-is-filming-in-warwick-ny-this-week/|accessdate=July 1, 2013|newspaper=onlocationvacations.com|date=March 7, 2013}}</ref>

=== Music ===
[[Marco Beltrami]] was hired on July 18, 2014, to score the music for the film.<ref>{{cite news|title=Marco Beltrami to Score ‘True Story’|url=http://filmmusicreporter.com/2014/07/18/marco-beltrami-to-score-true-story/|accessdate=July 19, 2014|publisher=filmmusicreporter.com|date=July 18, 2014}}</ref>

== Release ==
The film was originally scheduled for a limited release in theaters on April 10, 2015. <ref>{{cite news|title=First Photos from True Story, Starring Jonah Hill and James Franco|url=http://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/392661-first-photos-from-true-story-starring-jonah-hill-and-james-franco#/slide/1|accessdate=December 17, 2014|publisher=comingsoon.net|date=December 16, 2014}}</ref> The film is now scheduled for a limited release in theaters on April 17, 2015.<ref>http://www.boxofficemojo.com/schedule/?view=changes&p=.htm</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|2273657}}
* {{rotten-tomatoes|true_story_2014|True Story}}

{{Brad Pitt}}

[[Category:2010s drama films]]
[[Category:2010s mystery films]]
[[Category:2010s thriller films]]
[[Category:2015 films]]
[[Category:American drama films]]
[[Category:American films]]
[[Category:American legal films]]
[[Category:American mystery films]]
[[Category:American thriller films]]
[[Category:Courtroom films]]
[[Category:Films based on actual events]]
[[Category:Films set in New York City]]
[[Category:Films shot in New York City]]
[[Category:Fox Searchlight Pictures films]]
[[Category:Plan B Entertainment films]]
[[Category:Regency Enterprises films]]

NorthEast United FC

2014-06-10T12:50:25Z

Coderzombie:

{{Use Indian English|date=April 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}
{{Infobox football club
| clubname = North East United FC
| current =
| image =
| fullname =North East United Football Club
| nickname =
| motto =
| founded = 2014
| ground = [[Indira Gandhi Athletic Stadium]]
| capacity =35,000
| owner = [[John Abraham (actor)|John Abraham]] [[Shillong Lajong F.C.|Shillong Lajong]]
| chrtitle =
| chairman =
| mgrtitle =
| manager =
| league = [[Indian Super League]]
| season =
| position =
| website =
}}

The '''North East United FC''' is a [[Indian Super League]] football franchise in [[Guwahati]], [[Assam]] that will begin play in September 2014 during the [[2014 Indian Super League season|inaugural season]] of the Indian Super League.<ref name="Cities Announced">{{cite web|last=Basu|first=Saumyajit|title=Stars embrace football through Indian Super League|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/top-stories/Stars-embrace-soccer-through-Indian-Super-League/articleshow/33712666.cms#write|work=Times of India|accessdate=22 April 2014}}</ref> The team will be owned and operated by [[Bollywood]] actor [[John Abraham (actor)|John Abraham]] and [[I-League]] club, [[Shillong Lajong F.C.|Shillong Lajong]].<ref name="Cities Announced"/>

==History==
In early 2014 it was announced that the [[All India Football Federation]], the national federation for football in India, and [[IMG (company)|IMG-Reliance]] would be accepting bids for ownership of eight of nine selected cities for the upcoming [[Indian Super League]], an eight-team franchise league modeled along the lines of the [[Indian Premier League]] cricket tournament.<ref>{{cite web|title=Indian Super League sees interest from 30 franchise bidders|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/indian-super-league-sees-interest-from-30-franchise-bidders-114032300585_1.html|work=Business Standard|accessdate=22 April 2014}}</ref> On 13 April 2014, it was announced that [[Bollywood]] actor [[John Abraham (actor)|John Abraham]] and [[Shillong Lajong F.C.|Shillong Lajong Football Club]] had won the bidding for the Guwahati franchise.<ref name="Cities Announced"/>

==Ownership==
{{See also|John Abraham (actor)|Shillong Lajong F.C.}}
John Abraham is an Indian [[bollywood]] actor, [[Film producer|producer]] and former [[model (profession)|model]]. After modelling for numerous Advertisements and companies, John made his film debut with ''[[Jism (2003 film)|Jism]]'' (2003), which earned him a [[Filmfare Best Debut Award]] nomination.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/bangalore-times/John-Abraham-enters-Bollywood-with-Jism/articleshow/33923090.cms |title=John Abraham enters Bollywood with Jism|date= 10 January 2003 |work=Times of India|accessdate=3 September 2010}}</ref>

Shillong Lajong is an Indian [[I-League]] club which plays in [[Shillong]], [[Meghalaya]].

Bollywood star John Abraham has talked about the deep passion that the north-east of the country has for football while explaining his decision to bid for the Guwahati franchise of the Indian Super League (ISL). <ref>http://goalpostnein.blogspot.in/2014/04/ill-take-north-east-to-rest-of-india.html</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Indian Super League}}
{{Football in India}}

[[Category:Sport in Assam]]
[[Category:Football clubs in Assam]]
[[Category:Football clubs in India]]
[[Category:Association football clubs established in 2014]]
[[Category:Indian Super League]]
[[Category:Proposed sports teams]]

NorthEast United FC

2014-06-10T12:49:52Z

Coderzombie:

{{Use Indian English|date=April 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}
{{Infobox football club
| clubname = North East United FC
| current =
| image =
| fullname =North East United Football Club
| nickname =
| motto =
| founded = 2014
| ground = [[Indira Gandhi Athletic Stadium]]
| capacity =35,000
| owner = [[John Abraham (actor)|John Abraham]] [[Shillong Lajong F.C.|Shillong Lajong]]
| chrtitle =
| chairman =
| mgrtitle =
| manager =
| league = [[Indian Super League]]
| season =
| position =
| website =
}}

The '''Guwahati ISL team''',officially named on June 10,2014 as North East United FC is a [[Indian Super League]] football franchise in [[Guwahati]], [[Assam]] that will begin play in September 2014 during the [[2014 Indian Super League season|inaugural season]] of the Indian Super League.<ref name="Cities Announced">{{cite web|last=Basu|first=Saumyajit|title=Stars embrace football through Indian Super League|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/top-stories/Stars-embrace-soccer-through-Indian-Super-League/articleshow/33712666.cms#write|work=Times of India|accessdate=22 April 2014}}</ref> The team will be owned and operated by [[Bollywood]] actor [[John Abraham (actor)|John Abraham]] and [[I-League]] club, [[Shillong Lajong F.C.|Shillong Lajong]].<ref name="Cities Announced"/>

==History==
In early 2014 it was announced that the [[All India Football Federation]], the national federation for football in India, and [[IMG (company)|IMG-Reliance]] would be accepting bids for ownership of eight of nine selected cities for the upcoming [[Indian Super League]], an eight-team franchise league modeled along the lines of the [[Indian Premier League]] cricket tournament.<ref>{{cite web|title=Indian Super League sees interest from 30 franchise bidders|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/indian-super-league-sees-interest-from-30-franchise-bidders-114032300585_1.html|work=Business Standard|accessdate=22 April 2014}}</ref> On 13 April 2014, it was announced that [[Bollywood]] actor [[John Abraham (actor)|John Abraham]] and [[Shillong Lajong F.C.|Shillong Lajong Football Club]] had won the bidding for the Guwahati franchise.<ref name="Cities Announced"/>

==Ownership==
{{See also|John Abraham (actor)|Shillong Lajong F.C.}}
John Abraham is an Indian [[bollywood]] actor, [[Film producer|producer]] and former [[model (profession)|model]]. After modelling for numerous Advertisements and companies, John made his film debut with ''[[Jism (2003 film)|Jism]]'' (2003), which earned him a [[Filmfare Best Debut Award]] nomination.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/bangalore-times/John-Abraham-enters-Bollywood-with-Jism/articleshow/33923090.cms |title=John Abraham enters Bollywood with Jism|date= 10 January 2003 |work=Times of India|accessdate=3 September 2010}}</ref>

Shillong Lajong is an Indian [[I-League]] club which plays in [[Shillong]], [[Meghalaya]].

Bollywood star John Abraham has talked about the deep passion that the north-east of the country has for football while explaining his decision to bid for the Guwahati franchise of the Indian Super League (ISL). <ref>http://goalpostnein.blogspot.in/2014/04/ill-take-north-east-to-rest-of-india.html</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Indian Super League}}
{{Football in India}}

[[Category:Sport in Assam]]
[[Category:Football clubs in Assam]]
[[Category:Football clubs in India]]
[[Category:Association football clubs established in 2014]]
[[Category:Indian Super League]]
[[Category:Proposed sports teams]]

KSI (Webvideoproduzent)

2014-04-14T10:42:49Z

Coderzombie: Reverted 1 pending edit by 150.237.231.125 to revision 603880085 by SilentDan297: redundant. as youtube celebrity covers it.

{{pp-pc1}}
{{Infobox person
|name = Olajide Olatunji
|image =
|caption = Ksiolajidebt in one of his videos.
|birth_name = Olajide Olatunji
|birth_place =
|birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1993|6|19|df=yes}}
|height = 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)
|residence =[[Watford]], [[Hertfordshire]], [[United Kingdom]]
|other_names = KSI, JJ
|alma_mater =
|occupation = [[YouTube celebrity]], video game commentator, musician
|family = Deji Olatunji (Brother) 
Jide Olatunji (Father)
|years_active = 2009-present
|known_for = ''KSIOlajidebt'' video game commentaries
|partner =
|awards = YouTube '1 Million' Gold Play Button Award
|website = http://www.ksiolajidebt.com/
}}

'''Olajide Olatunji''' is a British [[YouTube]]r, video game commentator, and rapper, better known by his YouTube username '''Ksiolajidebt''' (stylised as '''KSIOlajideBT'''). He is also referred to as '''KSI''' or '''JJ'''. He is best known for his YouTube channel, which has, {{as of|April 2014|lc=yes}}, over 5.4 million subscribers.<ref name=kotaku2/> He is of Nigerian descent and can sometimes be seen wearing traditional Nigerian dress in his videos. His stage name comes from a ''[[Halo (series)|Halo]]'' clan he was in (KSI), and his real name Olajide, and [[BT Group|BT British Telecom]], according to his website.

==YouTube career==
{{Infobox podcast
|italic title=no
|title = KSIOlajidebt
|image =
|hosting = KSIOlajidebt
|language = [[English language|English]]
|began = {{Start date and age|2009}}
|genre = Video game commentary
|url = {{url|http://www.youtube.com/user/KSIOlajidebt|Primary channel}} {{url|http://www.youtube.com/user/KSIOlajidebtHD|Secondary channel}}
}}

Ksiolajidebt opened his [[YouTube]] account on 24th July 2009 with his first video being about a [[FIFA (video game series)|FIFA video game]], then he began commentating.<ref name=website>{{cite web|last=Olatunji|first=Olajide|url=http://www.ksiolajidebt.com/|title=KSIOlajidebt Home|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref> His main channel is primarily focused on FIFA, although he commentates in other games such as ''[[Grand Theft Auto V]]'' and other [[PC]] based mods. Olajide's family often appear in his videos, especially his younger brother Deji and his father, who have become popular figures in their own right with Olajide's viewers.
His second channel contains videos of him playing more casual, arcade and horror games in a manner similar to that of [[PewDiePie]]. Olajide also plays with his brother sometimes, Deji who also has a successful youtube channel as CSG (Comedyshortsgamer).

In August 2013, Ksiolajidebt was reacted to on the [[Fine Brothers]]' series ''Teens React''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K25VUqjjOT0|title=Teens React to KSIOlajidebt|publisher=YouTube|work=TheFineBros|date=4 August 2013|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref> Soon after he then posted a reaction to this video in "KSI Reacting to Teens Reacting To KSIOlajidebt". <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wCTWC5opFeU|title=KSI Reacting to Teens Reacting To KSIOlajidebt|publisher=YouTube|work=KSI|date=10 August 2013|accessdate=20 December 2013}}</ref>

In October 2013, Ksiolajidebt signed with [[Maker Studios]]' sub-network, Polaris.<ref>{{cite web|last=Gutelle|first=Sam|url=http://www.tubefilter.com/2013/10/29/captain-sparklez-ksiolajidebt-ali-a-the-bajan-canadian-polaris-maker-studios/|title=Captain Sparklez, KSIOlajidebt, Ali-A Among New Polaris Gamers|publisher=''Tubefilter''|date=29 October 2013|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref> After defeating Virgin Gaming co-founder Zach Zeldin in a match of ''FIFA'', KSI visited Las Vegas.<ref>{{cite web|last=C.|first=Carl|url=http://blog.virgingaming.com/2013/02/ksiolajidebt-video-in-vegas-for-challenge-series/|title=KSIOLAJIDEBT VIDEO IN VEGAS FOR CHALLENGE SERIES!|publisher=''Virgin Gaming''|date=13 February 2013|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref> KSI discussed YouTube's launching of a paid-channel subscription project.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/22480839|title=KSIOlajidebt and Ali-A on YouTube pay channel charging|publisher=''BBC''|date=10 May 2013|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref>

==Controversy==
Ksiolajidebt has been involved in several controversies during his career both online and offline, due to his irreverent and sometimes politically incorrect humour and doubts centred over his public actions.

Ksiolajidebt was the center of a controversy following his actions at Eurogamer 2012, raised after he appeared at the Xbox One launch party in London.<ref>{{cite web|last=Totilo|first=Stephen|url=http://www.kotaku.com.au/2012/10/booth-babes-werent-the-only-embarrassment-at-the-eurogamer-expo/|title=Booth Babes Not The Only Embarrassment At Eurogamer Expo|publisher=''Kotaku''|date=6 October 2012|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref> Due to this, Microsoft cut ties with the video game commentator, and Olatunji was banned for life from the Eurogamer Expo.<ref name=kotaku2>{{cite web|last=Schreier|first=Jason|url=http://www.kotaku.com.au/2013/11/youtuber-says-he-was-censored-for-criticizing-another-youtuber/|title=YouTuber Says He Was Censored For Criticising Another YouTuber|publisher=''Kotaku''|date=23 November 2013|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref> A message from Olatunji's manager states "Sexism is not something he condones or wants to be associated with. He wishes to apologise for any offence the video of 15 months ago may have caused in the short time it was on his YouTube channel, references to it since and subsequently used by other people. In recent months, he has also been actively avoiding certain content seen in the distant past and wants to be judged on the great content and value he gives to brands and partners, without controversy."<ref>{{cite web|last=Yin-Poole|first=Wesley|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2013-11-22-youtuber-ksi-dumped-by-microsoft-after-xbox-one-launch-appearance|title=YouTuber KSI dumped by Microsoft after Xbox One launch appearance|publisher=''Eurogamer''|date=23 November 2013|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref> The controversy spilled over to involve VideoGamer.com.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lees|first=Matt|url=http://www.videogamer.com/news/ksi_video_removal_our_official_statement.html|title=KSI Video Removal: Our Official Statement|publisher=''VideoGamer.com''|date=25 November 2013|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Lees|first=Matt|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTlyi6MbHo8|title=KSI and Xbox: Why MS got it wrong (Copyright safe version)|publisher=YouTube|work=VideoGamerTV|date=22 November 2013|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref>

In 2013, Olatunji was denied from playing a FIFA match within the campus of Manchester University due to objections raised about the content of his YouTube channel; he had been booked for an appearance by the university's FIFA society. The event was re-organized to take place in a venue off campus.

Olatunji is one of several YouTubers who have been affected by controversy regarding the YouTube copyright system. A YouTuber who put up a video criticizing his behaviour at Eurogamer 2012 was taken down due to it containing copyrighted material from Olatunji's channel (the video has since been re-uploaded in an edited version which features none of the copyrighted footage). This led to the YouTuber and the website Kotaku accusing Olatunji of censorship by misusing the copyright system to remove videos which were detrimental to his image. In an interview with BBC Radio One, Olatunji expressed negative opinions regarding the copyright system.

==Music career==
Olatunji has recently branched out into a career in music, mainly as a rapper. He started out by collaborating with fellow YouTuber Randolph, doing a viral rap song about [[Emile Heskey]] which was released on iTunes just before Christmas (but too late to chart) in 2011, and has a video of Heskey missing various chances on FIFA, before doing this on a segment of his channel called "Football Rap Battles", a video series which follows a similar vein to Epic Rap Battles of History. There, he and Randolph play the characters of famous figures from the world of football. One of them involves KSI as himself against [[Robin Van Persie]] after hitting out at Van Persie's acrimonious transfer from [[Arsenal F.C.]] to rival side [[Manchester United F.C.]]

===Chart success===
Olatunji and Randolph released a novelty single on 20 December 2012 as ''BlacknWhite'', called "Sweaty Goals", which was intended as a Christmas number one. It eventually reached #20 on the iTunes chart.

He directed and appeared in the music video for the Droideka track "[[Get Hyper]]", which charted on the [[UK Dance Chart]], [[UK Indie Chart]], and [[UK Singles Chart]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/18/2013-02-09/|title=2013 Top 40 Dance Singles Archive 9th February 2013|publisher=''Official Charts Company''|date=9 February 2013|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref>

[[Sway (rapper)|Sway]]'s track "[[Wake Up (EP)|No Sleep]]", which features a guest appearance from Olatunji, also charted in the UK.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/16/2013-11-02/|title=2013 Top 40 R&B Singles Archive 2nd November 2013|publisher=''Official Charts Company''|date=2 November 2013|accessdate=9 December 2013}}</ref> The song was performed at the Xbox One launch party and on the CBBC show Friday Download.

===Discography===
With ''BlacknWhite'';
* "Sweaty Goals" (single) (2012)
Guest appearances;
* ''[[Wake Up (EP)|Wake Up]]'' ([[Sway (rapper)|Sway]]) - "No Sleep" (2013)
* ''[[Get Hyper]] - Droideka (2013)

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Olatunji, Olajide
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = KSIOlajidebt, KSI, KSIOlajidebtHD, JJ
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = British YouTube commentator
| DATE OF BIRTH = 19 June 1994
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}

{{YouTube navbox |state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ksiolajidebt }}
[[Category:1993 births]]
[[Category:English people of Nigerian descent]]
[[Category:Internet celebrities]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Watford]]
[[Category:RPM channels]]
[[Category:RPM people]]
[[Category:YouTube celebrities]]

Silicon Valley (Fernsehserie)

2014-04-08T13:22:38Z

Coderzombie:

{{Infobox television
| show_name = Silicon Valley
| image = [[File:Silicon valley title.png|250px]]
| genre = [[Sitcom]]
| creator = {{Plainlist|
* Dave Krinsky
* John Altschuler
* [[Mike Judge]]
}}
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Thomas Middleditch]]
* [[T. J. Miller]]
* [[Josh Brener]]
* [[Martin Starr]]
* [[Kumail Nanjiani]]
* [[Christopher Evan Welch]]
* [[Amanda Crew]]
* [[Zach Woods]]
}}
| country = United States
| language = English
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 1
| executive_producer = {{Plainlist|
* Alec Berg
* Dave Krinsky
* John Altschuler
* Michael Rotenberg
* Mike Judge
* [[Scott Rudin]]
* Tom Lassally
}}
| producer = {{Plainlist|
* Chrisann Verges
* Jim Kleverweis
}}
| camera = [[Single-camera setup|Single]]
| runtime = 30 minutes
| company = {{Plainlist|
* 3 Arts Entertainment
* Ternion Productions
}}
| channel = [[HBO]]
| picture_format = [[High-definition television|HDTV]] ([[1080i]])
| first_aired = {{Start date|2014|4|6}}
| last_aired = present
| website = http://www.hbo.com/silicon-valley#/
}}

'''''Silicon Valley''''' is an American [[sitcom]] that centers on six programmers who are living together and trying to make it big in [[Silicon Valley]].<ref name=information1>{{cite web|title=HBO Filming ‘Silicon Valley’ Pilot In Palo Alto|url=http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2013/03/12/hbo-filming-silicon-valley-pilot-in-palo-alto/|work=CBS San Francisco|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=March 12, 2013}}</ref><ref name=information2>{{cite web|title=HBO's ''Silicon Valley'' sitcom: A first impression|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/entertainment/ci_24875519/hbos-silicon-valley-sitcom-first-impression|work=Contra Costa Times|publisher=San Jose Mercury News|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=January 9, 2014}}</ref> The series premiered April 6, 2014, on [[HBO]].<ref name=information3>{{cite press release|last=Bibel|first=Sara|title=Mike Judge's ''Silicon Valley'' to Premiere April 6 on HBO|url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2014/01/09/mike-judges-silicon-valley-to-premiere-april-6-on-hbo/228073/|work=TV by the Numbers|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=January 9, 2014}}</ref> The first season will consist of eight episodes.<ref name=information2/>

==Production==
After [[Mike Judge]] graduated from [[UCSD]] with a degree in physics, his first job was as a programmer working on the [[F-18]] fighter. In 1987 he moved to the [[Silicon Valley]] region of Northern California and joined Parallax, a [[startup company|startup]] [[video card]] company with about 40 employees. Disliking the company's culture and his colleagues ("The people I met were like [[Stepford Wives]]. They were true believers in something, and I don't know what it was"), Judge quit after less than three months, but the experience gave him the background to later create a show about the region's people and companies.<ref name="scott201404">{{cite news | title=Mike Judge Does Silicon Valley | work=Wired | date=2014-04 | author=Scott, Zachary | pages=88-93}}</ref>

Filming for the [[Television pilot|pilot]] of ''Silicon Valley'' began on March 12, 2013, in [[Palo Alto, California]].<ref name=information1/> HBO [[green-lit]] the series on May 16, 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=HBO Gives Mike Judge’s ''Silicon Valley'' Sitcom a Series Order|url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/05/hbo-picks-up-mike-judges-silicon-valley-sitcom.html|work=Vulture|publisher=New York Media LLC|accessdate=20 January 2014|author=Jesse David Fox|date=May 16, 2013}}</ref>

==Cast==

===Main===
* [[Thomas Middleditch]] as Richard Hendrix<ref name=cast1>{{cite web|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|title=T.J. Miller, Thomas Middleditch Cast In Mike Judge’s HBO Comedy Pilot ''Silicon Valley''|url=http://www.deadline.com/2013/01/t-j-miller-thomas-middleditch-cast-in-mike-judges-hbo-comedy-pilot-silicon-valley/|work=Deadline Hollywood|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=January 30, 2013}}</ref>, a developer who, while working on his music-matching website called Pied Piper, manages to create a lossless compression algorithm that could revolutionize the industry.
* [[T. J. Miller]] as Erlich<ref name=cast1/>, owner of the "incubator" where Richard and the others work on their projects.
* [[Josh Brener]] as Big Head<ref name=cast2>{{cite web|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|title=Josh Brener & Lindsey Broad Cast In Mike Judge’s HBO Comedy Pilot ''Silicon Valley''|url=http://www.deadline.com/2013/02/josh-brener-lindsay-broad-cast-in-mike-judge’s-hbo-comedy-pilot-‘silicon-valley’/|work=Deadline Hollywood|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=February 1, 2013}}</ref>
* [[Martin Starr]] as Gilfoyle <ref name=information3/>
* [[Kumail Nanjiani]] as Dinesh<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Christopher Evan Welch]] as Peter Gregory<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Amanda Crew]] as Monica<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Zach Woods]] as Jared Dunn<ref name=cast3>{{cite web|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|title=Quintet Cast In HBO Pilot ''Silicon Valley''|url=http://www.deadline.com/2013/02/quintet-cast-in-hbo-pilot-silicon-valley/|work=Deadline Hollywood|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=February 8, 2013}}</ref>

===Recurring===
* [[Angela Trimbur]] as Langdon<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Matt Ross]] as Gavin Belson<ref name= "trailer">{{cite news |last=Lasser |first=Josh |url= http://www.hitfix.com/news/mike-judges-new-hbo-series-silicon-valley-gets-its-first-trailer |title=Mike Judge's new HBO series, 'Silicon Valley,' gets its first trailer |work=[[HitFix]] |date=2014-02-24 |accessdate=}}</ref>

==Episodes==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|- style="color:white"
! style="background:#BE2625;"| No.
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Title
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Directed by
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Written by
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Original air date
! style="background:#BE2625;"| U.S. viewers (million)
|-
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 1
|Title = [[Minimum Viable Product (Silicon Valley)|Minimum Viable Product]]
|DirectedBy = [[Mike Judge]]
|WrittenBy = John Altschuler, Dave Krinskey, & Mike Judge
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|6}}
|Viewers = 2.0<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deadline.com/2014/04/game-of-thrones-season-4-premiere-ratings-hbo/|title=‘Game Of Thrones’ Season 4 Premiere Hits New High, ‘Silicon Valley’ Debuts Strong, ‘Veep’ Returns Down}}</ref>
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 2
|Title = The Cap Table
|RTitle =<ref name=firstfour>{{cite press release|last=Kondolojy|first=Amanda|title=New HBO Series 'Silicon Valley' Debuts April 6|url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2014/03/12/new-hbo-series-silicon-valley-debuts-april-6/244231/|work=TV by the Numbers|accessdate=March 12, 2014|date=March 12, 2014}}</ref>
|DirectedBy = Mike Judge
|WrittenBy = Carson Mell
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|13}}<ref name=airdates>{{cite web|title=Shows A-Z silicon valley on hbo|url=http://thefutoncritic.com/showatch/silicon-valley/listings/|work=The Futon Critic|accessdate=February 24, 2014}}</ref>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 3
|Title = Articles of Incorporation
|RTitle =<ref name=firstfour/>
|DirectedBy = [[Tricia Brock]]
|WrittenBy = Matteo Borghese & Rob Turbovsky
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|20}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 4
|Title = Fiduciary Duties
|RTitle =<ref name=firstfour/>
|DirectedBy = [[Maggie Carey]]
|WrittenBy = Rob Weiner
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|27}}
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 5
|Title = Signaling Risk
|RTitle =<ref name=hboschedule>{{cite web|title=HBO Schedule|url=http://www.hbo.com/|work=HBO|accessdate=April 2, 2014}}</ref>
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|5|4}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 6
|Title = Third Party Insourcing
|RTitle =<ref name=hboschedule/>
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|5|11}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 7
|Title = Proof of Concept
|RTitle =<ref name=hboschedule/>
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|5|18}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 8
|Title =
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|6|1}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* {{official website|http://www.hbo.com/silicon-valley#/}}
* {{IMDb title|2575988}}
* {{tv.com show|silicon-valley|Silicon Valley}}

{{Mike Judge}}
{{HBONetwork Shows|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:2010s American television series]]
[[Category:2014 American television series debuts]]
[[Category:Television shows set in California]]
[[Category:American comedy television series]]
[[Category:HBO network shows]]
[[Category:Silicon Valley]]

Silicon Valley (Fernsehserie)

2014-04-08T13:21:03Z

Coderzombie: /* Episodes */

{{Infobox television
| show_name = Silicon Valley
| image = [[File:Silicon valley title.png|250px]]
| genre = [[Sitcom]]
| creator = {{Plainlist|
* Dave Krinsky
* John Altschuler
* [[Mike Judge]]
}}
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Thomas Middleditch]]
* [[T. J. Miller]]
* [[Josh Brener]]
* [[Martin Starr]]
* [[Kumail Nanjiani]]
* [[Christopher Evan Welch]]
* [[Amanda Crew]]
* [[Zach Woods]]
}}
| country = United States
| language = English
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 1
| executive_producer = {{Plainlist|
* Alec Berg
* Dave Krinsky
* John Altschuler
* Michael Rotenberg
* Mike Judge
* [[Scott Rudin]]
* Tom Lassally
}}
| producer = {{Plainlist|
* Chrisann Verges
* Jim Kleverweis
}}
| camera = [[Single-camera setup|Single]]
| runtime = 30 minutes
| company = {{Plainlist|
* 3 Arts Entertainment
* Ternion Productions
}}
| channel = [[HBO]]
| picture_format = [[High-definition television|HDTV]] ([[1080i]])
| first_aired = {{Start date|2014|4|6}}
| last_aired = present
| website = http://www.hbo.com/silicon-valley#/
}}

'''''Silicon Valley''''' is an American [[sitcom]] that centers on six programmers who are living together and trying to make it big in [[Silicon Valley]].<ref name=information1>{{cite web|title=HBO Filming ‘Silicon Valley’ Pilot In Palo Alto|url=http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2013/03/12/hbo-filming-silicon-valley-pilot-in-palo-alto/|work=CBS San Francisco|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=March 12, 2013}}</ref><ref name=information2>{{cite web|title=HBO's ''Silicon Valley'' sitcom: A first impression|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/entertainment/ci_24875519/hbos-silicon-valley-sitcom-first-impression|work=Contra Costa Times|publisher=San Jose Mercury News|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=January 9, 2014}}</ref> The series premiered April 6, 2014, on [[HBO]].<ref name=information3>{{cite press release|last=Bibel|first=Sara|title=Mike Judge's ''Silicon Valley'' to Premiere April 6 on HBO|url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2014/01/09/mike-judges-silicon-valley-to-premiere-april-6-on-hbo/228073/|work=TV by the Numbers|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=January 9, 2014}}</ref> The first season will consist of eight episodes.<ref name=information2/>

==Production==
After [[Mike Judge]] graduated from [[UCSD]] with a degree in physics, his first job was as a programmer working on the [[F-18]] fighter. In 1987 he moved to the [[Silicon Valley]] region of Northern California and joined Parallax, a [[startup company|startup]] [[video card]] company with about 40 employees. Disliking the company's culture and his colleagues ("The people I met were like [[Stepford Wives]]. They were true believers in something, and I don't know what it was"), Judge quit after less than three months, but the experience gave him the background to later create a show about the region's people and companies.<ref name="scott201404">{{cite news | title=Mike Judge Does Silicon Valley | work=Wired | date=2014-04 | author=Scott, Zachary | pages=88-93}}</ref>

Filming for the [[Television pilot|pilot]] of ''Silicon Valley'' began on March 12, 2013, in [[Palo Alto, California]].<ref name=information1/> HBO [[green-lit]] the series on May 16, 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=HBO Gives Mike Judge’s ''Silicon Valley'' Sitcom a Series Order|url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/05/hbo-picks-up-mike-judges-silicon-valley-sitcom.html|work=Vulture|publisher=New York Media LLC|accessdate=20 January 2014|author=Jesse David Fox|date=May 16, 2013}}</ref>

==Cast==

===Main===
* [[Thomas Middleditch]] as Richard Hendrix<ref name=cast1>{{cite web|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|title=T.J. Miller, Thomas Middleditch Cast In Mike Judge’s HBO Comedy Pilot ''Silicon Valley''|url=http://www.deadline.com/2013/01/t-j-miller-thomas-middleditch-cast-in-mike-judges-hbo-comedy-pilot-silicon-valley/|work=Deadline Hollywood|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=January 30, 2013}}</ref>, a developer who, while working on his music-matching website called Pied Piper, manages to create a lossless compression algorithm that could revolutionize the industry.
* [[T. J. Miller]] as Erlich<ref name=cast1/>, owner of the "incubator" where Richard and the others work on their projects.
* [[Josh Brener]] as Big Head<ref name=cast2>{{cite web|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|title=Josh Brener & Lindsey Broad Cast In Mike Judge’s HBO Comedy Pilot ''Silicon Valley''|url=http://www.deadline.com/2013/02/josh-brener-lindsay-broad-cast-in-mike-judge’s-hbo-comedy-pilot-‘silicon-valley’/|work=Deadline Hollywood|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=February 1, 2013}}</ref>
* [[Martin Starr]] as Gilfoyle <ref name=information3/>
* [[Kumail Nanjiani]] as Dinesh<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Christopher Evan Welch]] as Peter Gregory<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Amanda Crew]] as Monica<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Zach Woods]] as Jared Dunn<ref name=cast3>{{cite web|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|title=Quintet Cast In HBO Pilot ''Silicon Valley''|url=http://www.deadline.com/2013/02/quintet-cast-in-hbo-pilot-silicon-valley/|work=Deadline Hollywood|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=February 8, 2013}}</ref>

===Recurring===
* [[Angela Trimbur]] as Langdon<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Matt Ross]] as Gavin Belson<ref name= "trailer">{{cite news |last=Lasser |first=Josh |url= http://www.hitfix.com/news/mike-judges-new-hbo-series-silicon-valley-gets-its-first-trailer |title=Mike Judge's new HBO series, 'Silicon Valley,' gets its first trailer |work=[[HitFix]] |date=2014-02-24 |accessdate=}}</ref>

==Episodes==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|- style="color:white"
! style="background:#BE2625;"| No.
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Title
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Directed by
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Written by
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Original air date
! style="background:#BE2625;"| U.S. viewers (million)
|-
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 1
|Title = [[Minimum Viable Product (Silicon Valley)|Minimum Viable Product]]
|DirectedBy = [[Mike Judge]]
|WrittenBy = John Altschuler, Dave Krinskey, & Mike Judge
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|6}}
|Viewers = 2.0<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deadline.com/2014/04/game-of-thrones-season-4-premiere-ratings-hbo/|title=‘Game Of Thrones’ Season 4 Premiere Hits New High, ‘Silicon Valley’ Debuts Strong, ‘Veep’ Returns Down}}</ref> The episode received mixed reviews. ''[[The A.V. Club]]'' gave the episode a B+.<ref>
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 2
|Title = The Cap Table
|RTitle =<ref name=firstfour>{{cite press release|last=Kondolojy|first=Amanda|title=New HBO Series 'Silicon Valley' Debuts April 6|url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2014/03/12/new-hbo-series-silicon-valley-debuts-april-6/244231/|work=TV by the Numbers|accessdate=March 12, 2014|date=March 12, 2014}}</ref>
|DirectedBy = Mike Judge
|WrittenBy = Carson Mell
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|13}}<ref name=airdates>{{cite web|title=Shows A-Z silicon valley on hbo|url=http://thefutoncritic.com/showatch/silicon-valley/listings/|work=The Futon Critic|accessdate=February 24, 2014}}</ref>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 3
|Title = Articles of Incorporation
|RTitle =<ref name=firstfour/>
|DirectedBy = [[Tricia Brock]]
|WrittenBy = Matteo Borghese & Rob Turbovsky
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|20}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 4
|Title = Fiduciary Duties
|RTitle =<ref name=firstfour/>
|DirectedBy = [[Maggie Carey]]
|WrittenBy = Rob Weiner
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|27}}
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 5
|Title = Signaling Risk
|RTitle =<ref name=hboschedule>{{cite web|title=HBO Schedule|url=http://www.hbo.com/|work=HBO|accessdate=April 2, 2014}}</ref>
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|5|4}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 6
|Title = Third Party Insourcing
|RTitle =<ref name=hboschedule/>
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|5|11}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 7
|Title = Proof of Concept
|RTitle =<ref name=hboschedule/>
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|5|18}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 8
|Title =
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|6|1}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* {{official website|http://www.hbo.com/silicon-valley#/}}
* {{IMDb title|2575988}}
* {{tv.com show|silicon-valley|Silicon Valley}}

{{Mike Judge}}
{{HBONetwork Shows|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:2010s American television series]]
[[Category:2014 American television series debuts]]
[[Category:Television shows set in California]]
[[Category:American comedy television series]]
[[Category:HBO network shows]]
[[Category:Silicon Valley]]

Silicon Valley (Fernsehserie)

2014-04-08T13:16:02Z

Coderzombie:

{{Infobox television
| show_name = Silicon Valley
| image = [[File:Silicon valley title.png|250px]]
| genre = [[Sitcom]]
| creator = {{Plainlist|
* Dave Krinsky
* John Altschuler
* [[Mike Judge]]
}}
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Thomas Middleditch]]
* [[T. J. Miller]]
* [[Josh Brener]]
* [[Martin Starr]]
* [[Kumail Nanjiani]]
* [[Christopher Evan Welch]]
* [[Amanda Crew]]
* [[Zach Woods]]
}}
| country = United States
| language = English
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 1
| executive_producer = {{Plainlist|
* Alec Berg
* Dave Krinsky
* John Altschuler
* Michael Rotenberg
* Mike Judge
* [[Scott Rudin]]
* Tom Lassally
}}
| producer = {{Plainlist|
* Chrisann Verges
* Jim Kleverweis
}}
| camera = [[Single-camera setup|Single]]
| runtime = 30 minutes
| company = {{Plainlist|
* 3 Arts Entertainment
* Ternion Productions
}}
| channel = [[HBO]]
| picture_format = [[High-definition television|HDTV]] ([[1080i]])
| first_aired = {{Start date|2014|4|6}}
| last_aired = present
| website = http://www.hbo.com/silicon-valley#/
}}

'''''Silicon Valley''''' is an American [[sitcom]] that centers on six programmers who are living together and trying to make it big in [[Silicon Valley]].<ref name=information1>{{cite web|title=HBO Filming ‘Silicon Valley’ Pilot In Palo Alto|url=http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2013/03/12/hbo-filming-silicon-valley-pilot-in-palo-alto/|work=CBS San Francisco|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=March 12, 2013}}</ref><ref name=information2>{{cite web|title=HBO's ''Silicon Valley'' sitcom: A first impression|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/entertainment/ci_24875519/hbos-silicon-valley-sitcom-first-impression|work=Contra Costa Times|publisher=San Jose Mercury News|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=January 9, 2014}}</ref> The series premiered April 6, 2014, on [[HBO]].<ref name=information3>{{cite press release|last=Bibel|first=Sara|title=Mike Judge's ''Silicon Valley'' to Premiere April 6 on HBO|url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2014/01/09/mike-judges-silicon-valley-to-premiere-april-6-on-hbo/228073/|work=TV by the Numbers|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=January 9, 2014}}</ref> The first season will consist of eight episodes.<ref name=information2/>

==Production==
After [[Mike Judge]] graduated from [[UCSD]] with a degree in physics, his first job was as a programmer working on the [[F-18]] fighter. In 1987 he moved to the [[Silicon Valley]] region of Northern California and joined Parallax, a [[startup company|startup]] [[video card]] company with about 40 employees. Disliking the company's culture and his colleagues ("The people I met were like [[Stepford Wives]]. They were true believers in something, and I don't know what it was"), Judge quit after less than three months, but the experience gave him the background to later create a show about the region's people and companies.<ref name="scott201404">{{cite news | title=Mike Judge Does Silicon Valley | work=Wired | date=2014-04 | author=Scott, Zachary | pages=88-93}}</ref>

Filming for the [[Television pilot|pilot]] of ''Silicon Valley'' began on March 12, 2013, in [[Palo Alto, California]].<ref name=information1/> HBO [[green-lit]] the series on May 16, 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=HBO Gives Mike Judge’s ''Silicon Valley'' Sitcom a Series Order|url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/05/hbo-picks-up-mike-judges-silicon-valley-sitcom.html|work=Vulture|publisher=New York Media LLC|accessdate=20 January 2014|author=Jesse David Fox|date=May 16, 2013}}</ref>

==Cast==

===Main===
* [[Thomas Middleditch]] as Richard Hendrix<ref name=cast1>{{cite web|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|title=T.J. Miller, Thomas Middleditch Cast In Mike Judge’s HBO Comedy Pilot ''Silicon Valley''|url=http://www.deadline.com/2013/01/t-j-miller-thomas-middleditch-cast-in-mike-judges-hbo-comedy-pilot-silicon-valley/|work=Deadline Hollywood|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=January 30, 2013}}</ref>, a developer who, while working on his music-matching website called Pied Piper, manages to create a lossless compression algorithm that could revolutionize the industry.
* [[T. J. Miller]] as Erlich<ref name=cast1/>, owner of the "incubator" where Richard and the others work on their projects.
* [[Josh Brener]] as Big Head<ref name=cast2>{{cite web|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|title=Josh Brener & Lindsey Broad Cast In Mike Judge’s HBO Comedy Pilot ''Silicon Valley''|url=http://www.deadline.com/2013/02/josh-brener-lindsay-broad-cast-in-mike-judge’s-hbo-comedy-pilot-‘silicon-valley’/|work=Deadline Hollywood|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=February 1, 2013}}</ref>
* [[Martin Starr]] as Gilfoyle <ref name=information3/>
* [[Kumail Nanjiani]] as Dinesh<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Christopher Evan Welch]] as Peter Gregory<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Amanda Crew]] as Monica<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Zach Woods]] as Jared Dunn<ref name=cast3>{{cite web|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|title=Quintet Cast In HBO Pilot ''Silicon Valley''|url=http://www.deadline.com/2013/02/quintet-cast-in-hbo-pilot-silicon-valley/|work=Deadline Hollywood|accessdate=20 January 2014|date=February 8, 2013}}</ref>

===Recurring===
* [[Angela Trimbur]] as Langdon<ref name=cast3/>
* [[Matt Ross]] as Gavin Belson<ref name= "trailer">{{cite news |last=Lasser |first=Josh |url= http://www.hitfix.com/news/mike-judges-new-hbo-series-silicon-valley-gets-its-first-trailer |title=Mike Judge's new HBO series, 'Silicon Valley,' gets its first trailer |work=[[HitFix]] |date=2014-02-24 |accessdate=}}</ref>

==Episodes==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|- style="color:white"
! style="background:#BE2625;"| No.
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Title
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Directed by
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Written by
! style="background:#BE2625;"| Original air date
! style="background:#BE2625;"| U.S. viewers (million)
|-
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 1
|Title = [[Minimum Viable Product (Silicon Valley)|Minimum Viable Product]]
|DirectedBy = [[Mike Judge]]
|WrittenBy = John Altschuler, Dave Krinskey, & Mike Judge
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|6}}
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 2
|Title = The Cap Table
|RTitle =<ref name=firstfour>{{cite press release|last=Kondolojy|first=Amanda|title=New HBO Series 'Silicon Valley' Debuts April 6|url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2014/03/12/new-hbo-series-silicon-valley-debuts-april-6/244231/|work=TV by the Numbers|accessdate=March 12, 2014|date=March 12, 2014}}</ref>
|DirectedBy = Mike Judge
|WrittenBy = Carson Mell
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|13}}<ref name=airdates>{{cite web|title=Shows A-Z silicon valley on hbo|url=http://thefutoncritic.com/showatch/silicon-valley/listings/|work=The Futon Critic|accessdate=February 24, 2014}}</ref>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 3
|Title = Articles of Incorporation
|RTitle =<ref name=firstfour/>
|DirectedBy = [[Tricia Brock]]
|WrittenBy = Matteo Borghese & Rob Turbovsky
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|20}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 4
|Title = Fiduciary Duties
|RTitle =<ref name=firstfour/>
|DirectedBy = [[Maggie Carey]]
|WrittenBy = Rob Weiner
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|4|27}}
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 5
|Title = Signaling Risk
|RTitle =<ref name=hboschedule>{{cite web|title=HBO Schedule|url=http://www.hbo.com/|work=HBO|accessdate=April 2, 2014}}</ref>
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|5|4}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 6
|Title = Third Party Insourcing
|RTitle =<ref name=hboschedule/>
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|5|11}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 7
|Title = Proof of Concept
|RTitle =<ref name=hboschedule/>
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|5|18}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 8
|Title =
|DirectedBy =
|WrittenBy =
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2014|6|1}}<ref name=airdates/>
|Viewers =
|ShortSummary = 
|LineColor = BE2625
}}
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* {{official website|http://www.hbo.com/silicon-valley#/}}
* {{IMDb title|2575988}}
* {{tv.com show|silicon-valley|Silicon Valley}}

{{Mike Judge}}
{{HBONetwork Shows|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:2010s American television series]]
[[Category:2014 American television series debuts]]
[[Category:Television shows set in California]]
[[Category:American comedy television series]]
[[Category:HBO network shows]]
[[Category:Silicon Valley]]

Rhea Chakraborty

2014-03-20T10:22:56Z

Coderzombie: Reverted 1 edit by 116.202.217.99 identified as test/vandalism using STiki

{{Infobox person
| name = Rhea Chakraborty
| image = Rhea Chakraborty at the Launch of Avantika Daing's online store 'Squarekey.com'.jpg
| caption = Rhea Chakraborty at the launch of online store 'Squarekey.com'
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1992|7|1|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Ambala]], [[India]]<ref name=BIO/>
| occupation = [[VJ (media personality)|Video Jockey]], [[Actress]], [[Presenter|Anchor]]
| residence = [[Mumbai, Maharastra]], [[India]]
| nationality = Indian
| years_active = 2009 - Present
}}

'''Rhea Chakraborty''' (born 1 July, 1992 in [[Ambala]], [[india]])<ref name=BIO/> is an [[India]]n [[Bollywood]]<ref>[http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/rhea-chakraborty-is-already-making-her-way-into-bollywood-at-20/1/235450.html Rhea Chakraborty is already making her way into Bollywood - India Today]</ref> and [[Telugu film]] [[actress]]<ref>[http://ibnlive.in.com/news/rhea-chakraborty-working-in-films-is-exciting-and-challenging/380939-8-66.html Rhea Chakraborty: Working in films is exciting and challenging]</ref><ref>[http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/bollywood/it-s-exciting-challenging-rhea-chakraborty-on-acting_130656.html It`s exciting, challenging: Rhea Chakraborty on acting]</ref> and a [[VJ (media personality)|Video Jockey]]<ref>[http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/celebrity/people-wonder-if-rhea-chakraborty-is-a-punjabi_129440.html People wonder if Rhea Chakraborty is a Punjabi]</ref> on [[MTV India]].<ref name=BIO>[http://entertainment.oneindia.in/celebs/rhea-chakraborty.html Rhea Chakraborty - Photos, Filmography, Biography - Oneindia.in]</ref><ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/mumbai/Rhea-Chakraborty-parties-at-Thank-God-Its-Thursday/articleshow/24040716.cms Rhea Chakraborty parties at Thank God It's Thursday]</ref><ref>[http://indiatoday.intoday.in/gallery/rhea-chakraborty-sameera-reddy-at-neeta-lullas-bridal-collection-preview/1/10253.html Rhea Chakraborty, Sameera Reddy at Neeta Lulla's store - IndiaToday]</ref>

== Career ==
'''Rhea''' started her [[television]] career in 2009 with [[MTV India]]'s reality show ''[[List of programmes broadcast by MTV in Asia|TVS Scooty Teen Diva]]''<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-female-vjs-giving-tough-competition-to-their-male-counterparts-1384010 Female VJs giving tough competition to their male counterparts - Entertainment - DNA]</ref> and was the first runner-up. Later on she gave an audition for a [[VJ (media personality)|VJ]] at MTV Delhi and was selected. She has hosted several MTV's shows including ''[[List of programmes broadcast by MTV in Asia|Pepsi MTV Wassup]]'', ''[[List of programmes broadcast by MTV in Asia|TicTac College Beat]]'' and ''[[List of programmes broadcast by MTV in Asia|MTV Gone in 60 seconds]]''.<ref name=BIO/>

In 2012, she made her [[film]] career debut with [[telugu film]] ''[[Tuneega Tuneega]]'' playing the character, Nidhi.<ref name=RCTT/>
In 2013, she debuted in [[bollywood]] with [[hindi film]] ''[[Mere Dad Ki Maruti]]'' as Jasleen.<ref name=BIO/>
Currently (February 2014) she is signed for Rohan Sippy's upcoming film ''[[Sonali Cable]]''.<ref name=RCSC/>

On 19 March 2014, Rhea filed an FIR with [[Mumbai Police]] alleging molestation<ref>[http://www.shaupdates.com/bollywood/gossips/rhea-chakraborty-fir-molestation-complaint/ Rhea Chakraborty Molested, Files FIR]</ref> by an unknown person at her house on the previous day.<ref>{{cite web|title=Actress Rhea Chakraborty files Molestation Case against unknown Assailtant|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/03/rhea-chakraborty-files-molestation-case-against-unknown-assailtant/|publisher=news.biharprabha.com|accessdate=19 March 2014}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
=== Films ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year(s)
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Title
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Character
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Language
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Source
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Tuneega Tuneega]]''
| Nidhi
| [[Telugu Language|Telugu]]
| <ref name=RCTT>[http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-02-19/news-interviews/37178715_1_ram-kapoor-ravi-kissen-butter-chicken Enjoyed butter chicken with Ram Kapoor on sets: Rhea - Times Of India]</ref>
|-
| 2013
| ''[[Mere Dad Ki Maruti]]''
| Jasleen
| rowspan="2" | [[Hindi Language|Hindi]]
| <ref>[http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-07/news-interviews/37530815_1_mere-dad-ki-maruti-rhea-chakraborty-punjabi Everyone thinks I am Punjabi: Rhea Chakraborty- Times Of India]</ref><ref>[http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/mere-dad-ki-maruti-director-to-make-two-more-films-with-yash-raj-films-341128 Mere Dad Ki Maruti director to make two more films with Yash Raj Films | NDTV Movies.com]</ref><ref>[http://entertainment.oneindia.in/bollywood/news/2013/rhea-chakraborty-pictures-mere-dad-ki-maruti-sizzle-104847.html Rhea Chakraborty to sizzle in Mere Dad Ki Maruti - Oneindia]</ref>
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Sonali Cable]]''
|
| <ref name=RCSC>[http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-13/news-interviews/37681388_1_kapoor-and-ravi-kissen-rhea-chakraborty-mere-dad-ki-maruti Don't have choice to choose directors: Rhea Chakraborty - Times Of India]</ref><ref>[http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/rohan-sippy-starts-shooting-for-sonali-cable-355239 Rohan Sippy starts shooting for Sonali Cable | NDTV Movies.com]</ref>
|-
|}

=== Television ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Title
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Channel
|-
| ''[[List of programmes broadcast by MTV in Asia|TVS Scooty Teen Diva]]''
| Contestant
| rowspan="4" | [[MTV India]]
|-
| ''[[List of programmes broadcast by MTV in Asia|Pepsi MTV Wassup]]''
| rowspan="3" | Host
|-
| ''[[List of programmes broadcast by MTV in Asia|Gone in 60 seconds]]''
|-
| ''[[List of programmes broadcast by MTV in Asia|TicTac College Beat]]''
|-
|}

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb name|id=5599013|name=Rhea Chakraborty}}
*{{Bollywood Hungama|id=111378|title=Rhea Chakraborty}}
*{{Indiatimes}}

{{Persondata 
| NAME = Chakraborty, Rhea
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Indian Bollywood & Telugu film actress, and VJ & Anchor.
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1 July, 1992
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Bangalore, India
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chakraborty, Rhea}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1992 births]]
[[Category:People from Bangalore]]
[[Category:Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]
[[Category:VJs (media personalities)]]
[[Category:Indian television presenters]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:Participants in Indian reality television series]]
[[Category:Indian television personalities]]

Join (SQL)

2014-03-20T09:16:11Z

Coderzombie: Reverted 1 edit by 197.251.14.250 identified as test/vandalism using STiki

A [[SQL]] '''join''' clause combines [[Row (database)|records]] from two or more [[table (database)|tables]] in a [[database]]. It creates a set that can be saved as a table or used as it is. A <code>JOIN</code> is a means for combining [[Field (computer science)|fields]] from two tables by using values common to each. ANSI-standard SQL specifies five types of <code>JOIN</code>: <code>INNER</code>, <code>LEFT OUTER</code>, <code>RIGHT OUTER</code>, <code>FULL OUTER</code> and <code>CROSS</code>. As a special case, a table (base table, [[View (database)|view]], or joined table) can <code>JOIN</code> to itself in a ''self-join''.

A programmer writes a <code>JOIN</code> statement to identify the records for joining. If the evaluated predicate is true, the combined record is then produced in the expected format, a record set or a temporary table.

==Sample tables==
Relational databases are often [[Database normalization|normalized]] to eliminate duplication of information when objects may have one-to-many relationships. For example, a Department may be associated with many different Employees. Joining two tables effectively creates another table which combines information from both tables. This is at some expense in terms of the time it takes to compute the join. While it is also possible to simply maintain a [[Denormalization|denormalized]] table if speed is important, duplicate information may take extra space, and add the expense and complexity of maintaining [[data integrity]] if data which is duplicated later changes.

All subsequent explanations on join types in this article make use of the following two tables. The rows in these tables serve to illustrate the effect of different types of joins and join-predicates. In the following tables the <code>DepartmentID</code> [[Column (database)|column]] of the <code>Department</code> table (which can be designated as <code>Department.DepartmentID</code>) is the [[primary key]], while <code>Employee.DepartmentID</code> is a [[foreign key]].
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; float:left; margin-right:5px"
|+Employee table
|-
! LastName !! DepartmentID
|-
| Rafferty ||31
|-
| Jones || 33
|-
| Heisenberg || 33
|-
| Robinson || 34
|-
| Smith|| 34
|-
| John || {{null result}}
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; float:left; margin-left:5px"
|+Department table
|-
! DepartmentID !! DepartmentName
|-
| 31 || Sales
|-
| 33 || Engineering
|-
| 34 || Clerical
|-
| 35 || Marketing
|}

 

Note: In the Employee table above, the employee "John" has not been assigned to any department yet. Also, note that no employees are assigned to the "Marketing" department.

This is the SQL to create the aforementioned tables.
<source lang=sql>
CREATE TABLE department
(
DepartmentID INT,
DepartmentName VARCHAR(20)
);

CREATE TABLE employee
(
LastName VARCHAR(20),
DepartmentID INT
);

INSERT INTO department(DepartmentID, DepartmentName) VALUES(31, 'Sales');
INSERT INTO department(DepartmentID, DepartmentName) VALUES(33, 'Engineering');
INSERT INTO department(DepartmentID, DepartmentName) VALUES(34, 'Clerical');
INSERT INTO department(DepartmentID, DepartmentName) VALUES(35, 'Marketing');

INSERT INTO employee(LastName, DepartmentID) VALUES('Rafferty', 31);
INSERT INTO employee(LastName, DepartmentID) VALUES('Jones', 33);
INSERT INTO employee(LastName, DepartmentID) VALUES('Heisenberg', 33);
INSERT INTO employee(LastName, DepartmentID) VALUES('Robinson', 34);
INSERT INTO employee(LastName, DepartmentID) VALUES('Smith', 34);
INSERT INTO employee(LastName, DepartmentID) VALUES('John', NULL);
</source>

==Cross join==
CROSS JOIN returns the [[Cartesian product]] of rows from tables in the join. In other words, it will produce rows which combine each row from the first table with each row from the second table.<ref>[http://www.sqlguides.com/sql_cross_join.php SQL CROSS JOIN]</ref>

Example of an explicit cross join:
<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee CROSS JOIN department;
</source>

Example of an implicit cross join:
<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee, department;
</source>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Employee.LastName !! Employee.DepartmentID !! Department.DepartmentName !! Department.DepartmentID
|-
| Rafferty || 31 || Sales || 31
|-
| Jones || 33 || Sales || 31
|-
| Heisenberg || 33 || Sales || 31
|-
| Smith || 34 || Sales || 31
|-
| Robinson || 34 || Sales || 31
|-
| John || {{null result}} || Sales || 31
|-
| Rafferty || 31 || Engineering || 33
|-
| Jones || 33 || Engineering || 33
|-
| Heisenberg || 33 || Engineering || 33
|-
| Smith || 34 || Engineering || 33
|-
| Robinson || 34 || Engineering || 33
|-
| John || {{null result}} || Engineering || 33
|-
| Rafferty || 31 || Clerical || 34
|-
| Jones || 33 || Clerical || 34
|-
| Heisenberg || 33 || Clerical || 34
|-
| Smith || 34 || Clerical || 34
|-
| Robinson || 34 || Clerical || 34
|-
| John || {{null result}} || Clerical || 34
|-
| Rafferty || 31 || Marketing || 35
|-
| Jones || 33 || Marketing || 35
|-
| Heisenberg || 33 || Marketing || 35
|-
| Smith || 34 || Marketing || 35
|-
| Robinson || 34 || Marketing || 35
|-
| John || {{null result}} || Marketing || 35
|}

The cross join does not apply any predicate to filter records from the joined table. Programmers can further filter the results of a cross join by using a <code>WHERE</code> clause.

In the [[SQL:2011]] standard, cross joins are part of the optional F401, "Extended joined table", package.

==Inner join==
An ''''''inner join'''''' is a commonly used join operation used in [[Application software|applications]]. It can only be safely used in a database that enforces [[referential integrity]] or where the join fields are guaranteed not to be [[NULL (SQL)|NULL]]. Many [[transaction processing]] relational databases rely on [[ACID|Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability (ACID)]] data update standards to ensure data integrity, making inner joins an appropriate choice. Many reporting relational database and [[Data warehouse|data warehouses]] use high volume [[Extract, transform, load|Extract, Transform, Load (ETL)]] batch updates which make referential integrity difficult or impossible to enforce, resulting in potentially [[NULL (SQL)|NULL]] join fields that a SQL query author cannot modify and which cause inner joins to omit data with no indication of an error. The choice to use an inner join depends on the database design and data characteristics. A left outer join can usually be substituted for an inner join when the join field in one table may contain [[NULL (SQL)|NULL]] values. A commitment to an inner join assumes NULL join fields will not be introduced by future changes, including vendor updates, design changes and bulk processing outside of the application's data validation rules such as data conversions.

Inner join creates a new result table by combining column values of two tables (A and B) based upon the join-predicate. The query compares each row of A with each row of B to find all pairs of rows which satisfy the join-predicate. When the join-predicate is satisfied, column values for each matched pair of rows of A and B are combined into a result row. The result of the join can be defined as the outcome of first taking the [[Cartesian product]] (or [[#Cross join|Cross join]]) of all records in the tables (combining every record in table A with every record in table B) and then returning all records which satisfy the join predicate. Actual SQL implementations normally use other approaches, such as [[hash join]]s or [[sort-merge join]]s, since computing the Cartesian product is very inefficient.

SQL specifies two different syntactical ways to express joins: "explicit join notation" and "implicit join notation".

The "explicit join notation" uses the '''<code>JOIN</code>''' keyword, optionally preceded by the '''<code>INNER</code>''' keyword, to specify the table to join, and the '''<code>ON</code>''' keyword to specify the predicates for the join, as in the following example:
<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee INNER JOIN department
ON employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID;
</source>

The "implicit join notation" simply lists the tables for joining, in the <code>FROM</code> clause of the <code>SELECT</code> statement, using commas to separate them. Thus it specifies a [[#Cross join|cross join]], and the <code>WHERE</code> clause may apply additional filter-predicates (which function comparably to the join-predicates in the explicit notation).

The following example is equivalent to the previous one, but this time using implicit join notation:
<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee, department
WHERE employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID;
</source>

The queries given in the examples above will join the Employee and Department tables using the DepartmentID column of both tables. Where the DepartmentID of these tables match (i.e. the join-predicate is satisfied), the query will combine the ''LastName'', ''DepartmentID'' and ''DepartmentName'' columns from the two tables into a result row. Where the DepartmentID does not match, no result row is generated.

Thus the result of the [[Query plan|execution]] of either of the two queries above will be:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Employee.LastName !! Employee.DepartmentID !! Department.DepartmentName !! Department.DepartmentID
|-
| Robinson || 34 || Clerical || 34
|-
| Jones || 33 || Engineering || 33
|-
| Smith || 34 || Clerical || 34
|-
| Heisenberg || 33 || Engineering || 33
|-
| Rafferty || 31 || Sales || 31
|-
|}

'''Note:''' Programmers should take special care when joining tables on columns that can contain [[Null (SQL)|NULL]] values, since NULL will never match any other value (not even NULL itself), unless the join condition explicitly uses the <code>IS NULL</code> or <code>IS NOT NULL</code> predicates.

Notice that the employee "John" and the department "Marketing" do not appear in the query execution results. Neither of these has any matching records in the other respective table: "John" has no associated department, and no employee has the department ID 35 ("Marketing"). Depending on the desired results, this behavior may be a subtle bug, which can be avoided with an [[#Outer join|outer join]].

One can further classify inner joins as equi-joins, as natural joins, or as cross-joins.

===Equi-join===
An '''equi-join''' is a specific type of comparator-based join, that uses only [[equality (mathematics)|equality]] comparisons in the join-predicate. Using other comparison operators (such as <code><</code>) disqualifies a join as an equi-join. The query shown above has already provided an example of an equi-join:
<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee JOIN department
ON employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID;
</source>

We can write equi-join as below,

<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee, department
WHERE employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID;
</source>

If columns in an equi-join have the same name, [[SQL-92]] provides an optional shorthand notation for expressing equi-joins, by way of the <code>USING</code> construct:<ref>[http://www.java2s.com/Tutorial/Oracle/0140__Table-Joins/SimplifyingJoinswiththeUSINGKeyword.htm Simplifying Joins with the USING Keyword]</ref>
<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee INNER JOIN department USING (DepartmentID);
</source>

The <code>USING</code> construct is more than mere [[syntactic sugar]], however, since the result set differs from the result set of the version with the explicit predicate. Specifically, any columns mentioned in the <code>USING</code> list will appear only once, with an unqualified name, rather than once for each table in the join. In the above case, there will be a single <code>DepartmentID</code> column and no <code>employee.DepartmentID</code> or <code>department.DepartmentID</code>.

The <code>USING</code> clause is not supported by MS SQL Server and Sybase.

====Natural join====
A [[natural join]] is a type of equi-join where the join predicate arises implicitly by comparing all columns in both tables that have the same column-names in the joined tables. The resulting joined table contains only one column for each pair of equally named columns. In the case that no columns with the same names are found, a [[cross join]] is performed.

Most experts agree that NATURAL JOINs are dangerous and therefore strongly discourage their use.<ref>[http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/asktom/f?p=100:11:0::::P11_QUESTION_ID:13430766143199 Ask Tom "Oracle support of ANSI joins."] [http://awads.net/wp/2006/03/20/back-to-basics-inner-joins/#comment-2837 Back to basics: inner joins » Eddie Awad's Blog]</ref> The danger comes from inadvertently adding a new column, named the same as another column in the other table. An existing natural join might then "naturally" use the new column for comparisons, making comparisons/matches using different criteria (from different columns) than before. Thus an existing query could produce different results, even though the data in the tables have not been changed, but only augmented. The use of column names to automatically determine table links is not an option in large databases with hundreds or thousands of tables where it would place an unrealistic constraint on naming conventions. Real world databases are commonly designed with [[foreign key]] data that is not consistently populated (NULL values are allowed), due to business rules and context. It is common practice to modify column names of similar data in different tables and this lack of rigid consistency relegates natural joins to a theoretical concept for discussion.

The above sample query for inner joins can be expressed as a natural join in the following way:
<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee NATURAL JOIN department;
</source>

As with the explicit <code>USING</code> clause, only one DepartmentID column occurs in the joined table, with no qualifier:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! DepartmentID !! Employee.LastName !! Department.DepartmentName
|-
| 34 || Smith || Clerical
|-
| 33 || Jones || Engineering
|-
| 34 || Robinson || Clerical
|-
| 33 || Heisenberg || Engineering
|-
| 31 || Rafferty || Sales
|}
PostgreSQL, MySQL and Oracle support natural joins; Microsoft T-SQL and IBM DB2 do not. The columns used in the join are implicit so the join code does not show which columns are expected, and a change in column names may change the results. In the [[SQL:2011]] standard, natural joins are part of the optional F401, "Extended joined table", package.

In many database environments the column names are controlled by an outside vendor, not the query developer. A natural join assumes stability and consistency in column names which can change during vendor mandated version upgrades.

==Outer join==
An '''outer join''' does not require each record in the two joined tables to have a matching record. The joined table retains each record—even if no other matching record exists. Outer joins subdivide further into left outer joins, right outer joins, and full outer joins, depending on which table's rows are retained (left, right, or both).

(In this case ''left'' and ''right'' refer to the two sides of the <code>JOIN</code> keyword.)

No implicit join-notation for outer joins exists in standard SQL.

===Left outer join===
The result of a ''left outer join'' (or simply '''left join''') for tables A and B always contains all records of the "left" table (A), even if the join-condition does not find any matching record in the "right" table (B). This means that if the <code>ON</code> clause matches 0 (zero) records in B (for a given record in A), the join will still return a row in the result (for that record)—but with NULL in each column from B. A '''left outer join''' returns all the values from an inner join plus all values in the left table that do not match to the right table.

For example, this allows us to find an employee's department, but still shows the employee(s) even when they have not been assigned to a department (contrary to the inner-join example above, where unassigned employees were excluded from the result).

Example of a left outer join (the '''<code>OUTER</code>''' keyword is optional), with the additional result row (compared with the inner join) italicized:

<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee LEFT OUTER JOIN department
ON employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID;
</source>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Employee.LastName !! Employee.DepartmentID !! Department.DepartmentName !! Department.DepartmentID
|-
| Jones || 33 || Engineering || 33
|-
| Rafferty || 31 || Sales || 31
|-
| Robinson || 34 || Clerical || 34
|-
| Smith || 34 || Clerical || 34
|-
| ''John'' || {{null result}} || {{null result}} || {{null result}}
|-
| Heisenberg || 33 || Engineering || 33
|}

====Alternative syntaxes====
Oracle supports the deprecated<ref name="deprecated_plus_sign">[http://www.dba-oracle.com/tips_oracle_left_outer_join.htm Oracle Left Outer Join]</ref> syntax:
<source lang=oracle11>
SELECT *
FROM employee, department
WHERE employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID(+)
</source>
[[Sybase]] supports the syntax:
<source lang=tsql>
SELECT *
FROM employee, department
WHERE employee.DepartmentID *= department.DepartmentID
</source>
[[IBM Informix]] supports the syntax:
<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee, OUTER department
WHERE employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID
</source>

===Right outer join===
A '''right outer join''' (or '''right join''') closely resembles a left outer join, except with the treatment of the tables reversed. Every row from the "right" table (B) will appear in the joined table at least once. If no matching row from the "left" table (A) exists, NULL will appear in columns from A for those records that have no match in B.

A right outer join returns all the values from the right table and matched values from the left table (NULL in the case of no matching join predicate). For example, this allows us to find each employee and his or her department, but still show departments that have no employees.

Below is an example of a right outer join (the '''<code>OUTER</code>''' keyword is optional), with the additional result row italicized:

<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee RIGHT OUTER JOIN department
ON employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID;
</source>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Employee.LastName !! Employee.DepartmentID !! Department.DepartmentName !! Department.DepartmentID
|-
| Smith || 34 || Clerical || 34
|-
| Jones || 33 || Engineering || 33
|-
| Robinson || 34 || Clerical || 34
|-
| Heisenberg || 33 || Engineering || 33
|-
| Rafferty || 31 || Sales || 31
|-
| {{null result}} || {{null result}} || ''Marketing'' || ''35''
|}

Right and left outer joins are functionally equivalent. Neither provides any functionality that the other does not, so right and left outer joins may replace each other as long as the table order is switched.

====Alternate syntaxes====
Oracle supports the deprecated<ref name="deprecated_plus_sign"/> syntax:
<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee, department
WHERE employee.DepartmentID(+) = department.DepartmentID
</source>

===Full outer join===
Conceptually, a '''full outer join''' combines the effect of applying both left and right outer joins. Where records in the FULL OUTER JOINed tables do not match, the result set will have NULL values for every column of the table that lacks a matching row. For those records that do match, a single row will be produced in the result set (containing fields populated from both tables).

For example, this allows us to see each employee who is in a department and each department that has an employee, but also see each employee who is not part of a department and each department which doesn't have an employee.

Example of a full outer join (the '''<code>OUTER</code>''' keyword is optional):

<source lang=sql>
SELECT *
FROM employee FULL OUTER JOIN department
ON employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID;
</source>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Employee.LastName !! Employee.DepartmentID !! Department.DepartmentName !! Department.DepartmentID
|-
| Smith || 34 || Clerical || 34
|-
| Jones || 33 || Engineering || 33
|-
| Robinson || 34 || Clerical || 34
|-
| ''John'' || {{null result}} || {{null result}} || {{null result}}
|-
| Heisenberg || 33 || Engineering || 33
|-
| Rafferty || 31 || Sales || 31
|-
| {{null result}} || {{null result}} || ''Marketing'' || ''35''
|}

Some database systems do not support the full outer join functionality directly, but they can emulate it through the use of an inner join and UNION ALL selects of the "single table rows" from left and right tables respectively. The same example can appear as follows:
<source lang=sql>
SELECT employee.LastName, employee.DepartmentID,
department.DepartmentName, department.DepartmentID
FROM employee
INNER JOIN department ON employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID

UNION ALL

SELECT employee.LastName, employee.DepartmentID,
cast(NULL as varchar(20)), cast(NULL as integer)
FROM employee
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT * FROM department
WHERE employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID)

UNION ALL

SELECT cast(NULL as varchar(20)), cast(NULL as integer),
department.DepartmentName, department.DepartmentID
FROM department
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT * FROM employee
WHERE employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID)
</source>

==Self-join==
A self-join is joining a table to itself.<ref>{{Harvnb|Shah|2005|p=165}}</ref>

===Example===
A query to find all pairings of two employees in the same country is desired. If there were two separate tables for employees and a query which requested employees in the first table having the same country as employees in the second table, a normal join operation could be used to find the answer table. However, all the employee information is contained within a single large table.<ref>Adapted from {{harvnb|Pratt|2005|pp=115–6}}</ref>

Consider a modified <code>Employee</code> table such as the following:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; float:left; margin-right:5px"
|+Employee Table
|-
! EmployeeID !! LastName !! Country !! DepartmentID
|-
| 123 || Rafferty || Australia || 31
|-
| 124 || Jones || Australia || 33
|-
| 145 || Heisenberg || Australia || 33
|-
| 201 || Robinson || United States || 34
|-
| 305 || Smith || Germany || 34
|-
| 306 || John || Germany || {{null result}}
|}
 

An example solution query could be as follows:

<source lang=sql>
SELECT F.EmployeeID, F.LastName, S.EmployeeID, S.LastName, F.Country
FROM Employee F INNER JOIN Employee S ON F.Country = S.Country
WHERE F.EmployeeID < S.EmployeeID
ORDER BY F.EmployeeID, S.EmployeeID;
</source>

Which results in the following table being generated.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; float:left; margin-right:5px"
|+Employee Table after Self-join by Country
|-
! EmployeeID !! LastName !! EmployeeID !! LastName !! Country
|-
| 123 || Rafferty || 124 || Jones || Australia
|-
| 123 || Rafferty || 145 || Heisenberg || Australia
|-
| 124 || Jones || 145 || Heisenberg || Australia
|-
| 305 || Smith || 306 || John || Germany
|}
 
For this example:
* <code>F</code> and <code>S</code> are [[alias (SQL)|aliases]] for the first and second copies of the employee table.
* The condition <code>F.Country = S.Country</code> excludes pairings between employees in different countries. The example question only wanted pairs of employees in the same country.
* The condition <code>F.EmployeeID < S.EmployeeID</code> excludes pairings where the <code>EmployeeID</code> of the first employee is greater than or equal to the <code>EmployeeID</code> of the second employee. In other words, the effect of this condition is to exclude duplicate pairings and self-pairings. Without it, the following less useful table would be generated (the table below displays only the "Germany" portion of the result):
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; float:left; margin-right:5px"
! EmployeeID !! LastName !! EmployeeID !! LastName !! Country
|-
| 305 || Smith || 305 || Smith || Germany
|-
| 305 || Smith || 306 || John || Germany
|-
| 306 || John || 305 || Smith || Germany
|-
| 306 || John || 306 || John || Germany
|}
 
Only one of the two middle pairings is needed to satisfy the original question, and the topmost and bottommost are of no interest at all in this example.

==Alternatives==
The effect of an outer join can also be obtained using a UNION ALL between an INNER JOIN and a SELECT of the rows in the "main" table that do not fulfill the join condition. For example

<source lang=sql>
SELECT employee.LastName, employee.DepartmentID, department.DepartmentName
FROM employee
LEFT OUTER JOIN department ON employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID;
</source>

can also be written as

<source lang=sql>
SELECT employee.LastName, employee.DepartmentID, department.DepartmentName
FROM employee
INNER JOIN department ON employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID

UNION ALL

SELECT employee.LastName, employee.DepartmentID, cast(NULL as varchar(20))
FROM employee
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT * FROM department
WHERE employee.DepartmentID = department.DepartmentID)
</source>

==Implementation==
Much work in database-systems has aimed at efficient implementation of joins, because relational systems commonly call for joins, yet face difficulties in optimising their efficient execution. The problem arises because inner joins operate both [[commutative]]ly and [[associative]]ly. In practice, this means that the user merely supplies the list of tables for joining and the join conditions to use, and the database system has the task of determining the most efficient way to perform the operation. A [[query optimizer]] determines how to execute a query containing joins. A query optimizer has two basic freedoms:

# '''Join order''': Because it joins functions commutatively and associatively, the order in which the system joins tables does not change the final result set of the query. However, join-order '''could''' have an enormous impact on the cost of the join operation, so choosing the best join order becomes very important.
# '''Join method''': Given two tables and a join condition, multiple [[algorithm]]s can produce the result set of the join. Which algorithm runs most efficiently depends on the sizes of the input tables, the number of rows from each table that match the join condition, and the operations required by the rest of the query.

Many join-algorithms treat their inputs differently. One can refer to the inputs to a join as the "outer" and "inner" join operands, or "left" and "right", respectively. In the case of nested loops, for example, the database system will scan the entire inner relation for each row of the outer relation.

One can classify query-plans involving joins as follows:<ref name="Yu1998">{{Harvnb|Yu|Meng|1998|p=213}}
</ref>

; left-deep : using a base table (rather than another join) as the inner operand of each join in the plan
; right-deep : using a base table as the outer operand of each join in the plan
; bushy : neither left-deep nor right-deep; both inputs to a join may themselves result from joins

These names derive from the appearance of the [[query plan]] if drawn as a [[Tree data structure|tree]], with the outer join relation on the left and the inner relation on the right (as convention dictates).

===Join algorithms===
Three fundamental algorithms for performing a join operation exist: [[nested loop join]], [[sort-merge join]] and [[hash join]].

===Join Indexes===
Join indexes are [[database index]]es that facilitate the processing of join queries in [[data warehouse]]s: they are currently (2012) available in implementations by [[Oracle database|Oracle]]<ref>Oracle Bitmap Join Index. URL: http://www.dba-oracle.com/art_builder_bitmap_join_idx.htm</ref> and [[Teradata]].<ref>Teradata Join Indexes. http://www.coffingdw.com/sql/tdsqlutp/join_index.htm</ref>

In the Teradata implementation, specified columns, aggregate functions on columns, or components of date columns from one or more tables are specified using a syntax similar to the definition of a [[database view]]: up to 64 columns/column expressions can be specified in a single join index. Optionally, a column that defines the [[primary key]] of the composite data may also be specified: on parallel hardware, the column values are used to partition the index's contents across multiple disks. When the source tables are updated interactively by users, the contents of the join index are automatically updated. Any query whose [[Where (SQL)|WHERE clause]] specifies any combination of columns or column expressions that are an exact subset of those defined in a join index (a so-called "covering query") will cause the join index, rather than the original tables and their indexes, to be consulted during query execution.

The Oracle implementation limits itself to using [[bitmap index]]es. A ''bitmap join index'' is used for low-cardinality columns (i.e., columns containing fewer than 300 distinct values, according to the Oracle documentation): it combines low-cardinality columns from multiple related tables. The example Oracle uses is that of an inventory system, where different suppliers provide different parts. The schema has three linked tables: two "master tables", Part and Supplier, and a "detail table", Inventory. The last is a many-to-many table linking Supplier to Part, and contains the most rows. Every part has a Part Type, and every supplier is based in the USA, and has a State column. There are not more than 60 states+territories in the USA, and not more than 300 Part Types. The bitmap join index is defined using a standard three-table join on the above three tables, and specifying the Part_Type and Supplier_State columns for the index. However, it is defined on the Inventory table, even though the columns Part_Type and Supplier_State are "borrowed" from Supplier and Part respectively.

As for Teradata, an Oracle bitmap join index is only utilized to answer a query when the query's [[Where (SQL)|WHERE clause]] specifies columns limited to those that are included in the join index.

==See also==
* [[Join (relational algebra)]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

==References==
{{More footnotes|date=April 2009}}
* {{citation
|last= Pratt
|first= Phillip J
|title= A Guide To SQL, Seventh Edition
|publisher= Thomson Course Technology
|year= 2005
|isbn= 978-0-619-21674-0
}}
* {{citation
|last=Shah
|first= Nilesh
|title= Database Systems Using Oracle – A Simplified Guide to SQL and PL/SQL Second Edition
|edition= International
|publisher= Pearson Education International
|origyear= 2002
|year= 2005
|isbn= 0-13-191180-5
}}
* {{citation
|url= http://books.google.com/?id=aBHRDhrrehYC
|accessdate= 2009-03-03
|title= Principles of Database Query Processing for Advanced Applications
|last = Yu
|first= Clement T.
|last2= Meng
|first2= Weiyi
|year= 1998
|publisher= Morgan Kaufmann
|isbn= 978-1-55860-434-6
}}

==External links==
* Specific to products
** [http://infocenter.sybase.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.sybase.help.ase_15.0.sqlug/html/sqlug/sqlug138.htm Sybase ASE 15 Joins]
** [http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/join.html MySQL 5.5 Joins]
** [http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.3/static/tutorial-join.html PostgreSQL 9.3 Joins]
** [http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms191517.aspx Joins in Microsoft SQL Server]
** [http://maxdb.sap.com/currentdoc/45/f31c38e95511d5995d00508b5d5211/content.htm Joins in MaxDB 7.6]
** [http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28286/queries006.htm Joins in Oracle 11g]
* General
** [http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/archives/000976.html A Visual Explanation of SQL Joins]
** [http://www.halfgaar.net/sql-joins-are-easy Another visual explanation of SQL joins, along with some set theory]
** [http://www.gplivna.eu/papers/sql_join_types.htm SQL join types classified with examples]
** [http://weblogs.sqlteam.com/jeffs/archive/2007/04/19/Full-Outer-Joins.aspx An alternative strategy to using FULL OUTER JOIN]
** [http://blog.sqlauthority.com/2009/04/13/sql-server-introduction-to-joins-basic-of-joins/ Latest article explaining Join in simple diagrams and relevant code]
** [http://www.flickr.com/photos/mattimattila/8190148857/ Visual representation of 7 possible SQL joins between two sets]

{{SQL}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Join (Sql)}}
[[Category:SQL keywords]]
[[Category:Articles with example SQL code]]

Castle Donovan

2014-03-18T16:46:31Z

Coderzombie: Reverted 1 edit by Scar38571 identified as test/vandalism using STiki

[[Image:Castle Donovan 2000.jpg|thumb|200px|Sowagh]]
'''Castle Donovan''' ({{lang-ga|Caisleán Uí Dhonnabháin}}) or '''Castledonovan''' or O''''Donovan's Castle''' refer to the remains of an Irish [[tower house]] or ''túrtheach'', in a valley near [[Drimoleague]], of medium size which was the so-called "seat" of the Clann Cathail sept of the [[O'Donovan]]s for a period during the 16th century. The original name of the castle, and when the O'Donovans were actually living in it, was '''Sowagh''' (or Sooagh, Suagh) before the 17th century. The name of ''Castle Donovan'', after the ''Manor of the Castle of O'Donovan'', is associated with a [[surrender and regrant|regrant]] from [[James II of England]] in 1615. Approximately 60 feet in height, it sits on an enormous rock or outcropping, which forms the ground floor, close to the bank of the [[River Ilen]]. It is commonly believed to have been built, or at the very least augmented, by [[Donal of the Hides]], Lord of Clancahill from about 1560 to his death 1584. His son [[Donal II O'Donovan]] then repaired or further altered the structure some decades later, but was not living in it by then. It is believed that his father had already relocated the family in the first decade of that century to the more profitable Rahine Manor on the seacoast to protect their maritime interests.

According to tradition the tower was severely damaged by [[Oliver Cromwell]]'s soldiers in the late 1640s, blown up with powder in retaliation for [[Donal III O'Donovan]] joining the [[House of Stuart|Stuart]] side and for his involvement in the rebellion and massacres of 1641, and has been uninhabited since that time.

The tower's surrounding wall or [[bawn]] and outbuildings are long gone, but over two thirds of the tower still remain. The explosion left only a small gouge in the southwest corner, but caused huge cracks in the masonry, leaving the structure unsafe, and over two centuries later the entire western wall, excluding the still intact spiral staircase, and majority of the southern wall collapsed. It is currently undergoing conservation.<ref>[http://www.geograph.ie/gridref/W1149 Photographs of Castledonovan Castle undergoing conservation] by Mike Searle (2007)</ref>

==Location==
In 1834, Philip Dixon Hardy published an account of his 1828 journey to the "vale of Castle Donovan", including a drawing in which several of the outbuildings can still be seen, in the ''[[Dublin Penny Journal]]''. He says:<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=9gLSAAAAMAAJ Available here] Vol. III, No. 122, pp. 137–9</ref>

{{cquote|''... It is hard to conceive of any thing more wild, more desolate, more lonely, than this savage vale. ... I reached the eminence which commands it from the east, about two in the afternoon of a warm sunny day. Trees there are none in this district, and the heathy covering of the hills was incapable of showing any marks of the advancing season. In the centre of the vale beneath me, was the tall, castellated tower; an extensive marshy meadow lay beyond it, bounded by the steep rocky hills of Mullaugh-Nesha, and its peaked brethren.''}}

==Features==
{{Empty section|June 2010|date=June 2010}}

==Heritage tourism and other significance==
{{Empty section|June 2010|date=June 2010}}

==See also==
* [[Barony of Carbery]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
{{refbegin}}

* Adams, Constance Louisa, with Lucius O'Brien (illus.), ''[http://www.archive.org/details/castlesofireland00adamiala Castles of Ireland: Some Fortress Histories and Legends]''. London: Elliot Stock. 1904.
* Butler, W.F.T., "The Barony of Carbery", in ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=CQp7AAAAMAAJ Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society Volume X, Second Series]''. 1904. pp. 1–10, 73–84.
* Carroll, Michael J. and Alan Langford (illus.), ''The Castles and Fortified Houses of West Cork''. Bantry Design Studios. 2001.
* Donovan, Daniel, ''[http://www.archive.org/details/sketchesincarber00dono Sketches in Carbery, County Cork. Its Antiquities, History, Legends, and Topography]''. Dublin: McGlashan & Gill. 1876.
* FitzPatrick, Elizabeth, ''Royal Inauguration in Gaelic Ireland c. 1100-1600: A Cultural Landscape Study''. Boydell Press. 2004.
* Hardy, Philip Dixon, "Castle Donovan", in ''The [[Dublin Penny Journal]], Vol. III, No. 122, November 1, 1834.'' pp. 137–9. [http://books.google.com/books?id=9gLSAAAAMAAJ Available here at Googlebooks]
* Legrand, Caroline, [http://www.springerlink.com/content/292p2652l0505217/ "Du tourisme généalogique dans l'Irlande contemporaine"] ''Revue de Synthèse. Volume 123, Number 1''. December, 2002. pp. 131–47.
* Legrand, Caroline, ''La quête de parenté. Pratiques et enjeux de la généalogie en Irlande''. Québec: Presses Université Laval. 2006.
* [[John O'Donovan (scholar)|O'Donovan, John]] (ed. and tr.), ''[[Annals of the Four Masters|Annala Rioghachta Eireann. Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters, from the Earliest Period to the Year 1616]]''. 7 vols. Dublin: [[Royal Irish Academy]]. 1848-51. 2nd edition, 1856. [http://books.google.com/books?id=p6XRAAAAMAAJ Volume VI], Pedigree of O'Donovan, pp. 2430–83
* Ó Murchadha, Diarmuid, ''Family Names of County Cork''. Cork: The Collins Press. 2nd edition, 1996.
{{refend}}

{{coord missing|County Cork}}

[[Category:Castles in County Cork]]
[[Category:Ruins in the Republic of Ireland]]
[[Category:O'Donovan family]]