Atole

2012-12-02T10:26:27Z

Aymankamelwiki:

{{Infobox prepared food
| name = Atole
| image = [[File:Atole.jpg|250px]]
| caption =
| alternate_name = Atol
| country = Hispanohablantes (Spanish Speaking Countries)
| region =
| creator =
| course =
| type = [[Non-alcoholic beverage]]
| served = Hot
| main_ingredient = [[Masa]], water, [[piloncillo]], [[cinnamon]], [[vanilla]]
| variations = [[Champurrado]]
| calories =
| other =
}}
{{refimprove|date=March 2010}}

'''Atole''' ([[Mexican Spanish]], from [[Nahuatl]] ''[[Aztec cuisine|ātōlli]]'' {{IPA-nah|aː'toːlːi||}}) is a traditional [[masa]]-based [[Mexico|Mexican]] and Central American (where it is known as '''''atol''''') hot drink. [[Chocolate]] atole is known as [[Champurrado]] or atole. It is typically accompanied with [[tamale]]s, and very popular during the [[Christmas]] holiday season ([[Las Posadas]]).

The drink typically includes [[masa]] (corn [[hominy]] flour), water, [[piloncillo]] (unrefined cane sugar), cinnamon, vanilla and optional chocolate or fruit. The mixture is blended and heated before serving. Atole is made by toasting masa on a [[Comal (cookware)|comal]] (griddle), then adding water that was boiled with cinnamon sticks. The resulting blends vary in texture, ranging from a porridge to a very thin liquid consistency. Atole can also be prepared with [[rice]] [[flour]] or [[oatmeal]] in place of masa. In northern Mexico, there is also a variation using [[pinole]] (sweetened toasted corn meal). Although atole is one of the traditional drinks of the Mexican holiday [[Day of the Dead]], it is very common during breakfast and dinnertime at any time of year. It is usually sold as street food.

In Northern Mexico and South Texas, Atole is a traditional [[comfort food]]. It is often eaten as a breakfast or an after dinner snack on cold days.

Other derivations exist. In [[New Mexico]], [[blue corn]] atole is finely ground cornmeal toasted for cooking, consumed as a grainy [[porridge]]-style drink served warm, usually sweetened with sugar and/or thinned with milk. It is usually served at breakfast like cream of wheat or oatmeal. It is said that elders would drink Atole because it gave them energy and if a mother is nursing it gives her more milk.<ref name="Mushulá & Atole de Maiz">[http://ambergriscaye.com/25years/mushala.html Mushulá & Atole de Maiz], 25 YEARS AGO ON AMBERGRIS CAYE BY ANGEL NUÑEZ Retrieved 2009-11-23.</ref> [[El Salvador|Salvadoran]] varieties include ''atol shuco'' ("dirty" atol, a reference to its darker color), particularly popular in the [[Cabañas Department, El Salvador|Cabañas]] region.<ref name="guanaquin-1">[http://www.guanaquin.com/mipais/cabanas/fiestas.shtml Fiestas Cabañas], ''Guanaquín'' (in Spanish; includes recipe). Retrieved 2008-03-30.</ref> The [[Nicaragua]]n homologue is [[pinolillo]]. In some parts of Honduras, fresh corn is ground and the expressed liquid is used as the base (instead of masa flour).

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

{{corn}}
{{nonalcoholic-drink-stub}}

[[Category:Non-alcoholic beverages]]
[[Category:Porridges]]
[[Category:Mexican beverages]]
[[Category:Maize beverages]]
[[Category:New Mexican cuisine]]
[[Category:Cuisine of the Southwestern United States]]
[[Category:Cuisine of the Western United States]]
[[Category:Hot beverages]]
[[Category:Mesoamerican cuisine]]
[[Category:Nahuatl words and phrases]]
[[Category:Christmas food]]
[[Category:Day of the Dead food]]
[[Category:Article Feedback 5]]

[[ca:Atole]]
[[es:Atole]]
[[fr:Atole]]
[[it:Atole]]
[[he:אטולה]]
[[nah:Ātōlli]]
[[pl:Atole]]
[[sv:Atole]]
[[ar:أتول]]

Columbia Plateau

2012-11-26T13:18:37Z

Aymankamelwiki:

{{about|the geographic feature|the associated ecoregion|Columbia Plateau (ecoregion)}}
[[File:pacificNW volcanics.png|thumb|The Columbia Plateau covers much of the [[Columbia River Basalt Group]], shown in green on this map. The Washington cities of Spokane, Yakima and Pasco, and the Oregon city of Pendleton, lie on the Columbia Plateau.]]

The '''Columbia Plateau''' is a [[geology|geologic]] and [[geography|geographic]] region that lies across parts of the [[U.S. state]]s of [[Washington (U.S. state)|Washington]], [[Oregon]], and [[Idaho]].<ref>{{gnis|1159062}}</ref> It is a wide [[flood basalt]] plateau between the [[Cascade Range]] and the [[Rocky Mountains]], cut through by the [[Columbia River]]. In one of various usages, the term "[[Columbia Basin]]" refers to more or less the same area as the Columbia Plateau.<ref>Floyd, Ben, et al. "[http://www.co.benton.wa.us/pl/iap/html/body_glossary.htm Glossary]". (1998) [http://www.co.benton.wa.us/pl/iap/iapindex.htm Hanford Reach Protection and Management Program Interim Action Plan]. Prosser, Washington: Benton County Planning Department.</ref>

== Geology ==
{{main|Columbia River Basalt Group}}
During late [[Miocene]] and early [[Pliocene]] times, one of the largest [[flood basalt]]s ever to appear on the [[earth]]'s surface engulfed about {{convert|63000|sqmi|km2}} of the Pacific Northwest, forming a [[large igneous province]].<ref name=CVO>[http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/ColumbiaPlateau/description_columbia_plateau.html Description: Columbia Plateau Columbia River Basalt.] United States Geologic Survey, accessed October 9, 2007.</ref> Over a period of perhaps 10 to 15 million years, lava flow after lava flow poured out, ultimately accumulating to a thickness of more than 6,000 feet (1.8 km).<ref name=CVO/> As the molten rock came to the surface, the Earth's crust gradually sank into the space left by the rising lava.<ref name=CVO/>

The subsidence of the crust produced the large [[plateau]]—a large, slightly depressed lava plain sometimes also known as the [[Columbia Basin]].<ref name=CVO/> The ancient [[Columbia River]] was forced into its present course by the northwesterly advancing lava. The lava, as it flowed over the area, first filled the stream valleys, forming dams that in turn caused impoundments or lakes.<ref name=CVO/> Entities found in these lake beds include [[fossil]] leaf impressions, [[petrified wood]], fossil insects, and bones of vertebrate animals.<ref name=CVO/>

==Flora==
Part of the Columbia Plateau is associated with the [[Columbia Plateau (ecoregion)|Columbia Plateau ecoregion]], part of the 'Nearctic temperate and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands' [[ecoregion]] of the [[Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands]] [[Biome]].

== Geography ==
Washington cities in the Columbia Plateau include:
{{div col|2}}
* [[Davenport, Washington|Davenport]]
* [[Kennewick, Washington|Kennewick]]
* [[Moses Lake, Washington|Moses Lake]]
* [[Pasco, Washington|Pasco]]
* [[Pullman, Washington|Pullman]]
* [[Richland, Washington|Richland]]
* [[Spokane, Washington|Spokane]]
* [[Walla Walla, Washington|Walla Walla]]
* [[Yakima, Washington|Yakima]]*
* [[Goldendale, Washington|Goldendale]]
{{div col end}}

Oregon cities in the Columbia Plateau include:
{{div col|2}}
* [[Hermiston, Oregon|Hermiston]]
* [[Hood River, Oregon|Hood River]]
* [[Pendleton, Oregon|Pendleton]]
* [[The Dalles, Oregon|The Dalles]]
{{div col end}}

== See also ==
* [[Grand Coulee]]
* [[Channeled scablands]]
* [[Interior Plateau]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/ColumbiaPlateau/framework.html USGS Page on Columbia Plateau]
* [http://www.nps.gov/laro/webdirectory/geology.htm Geology of Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area (source of much of this page)]
* [http://harvester.lib.utah.edu/wwdl/index.php/browse/guide/columbia Guide to digital documents and photographs about the Columbia River area.]
* [http://www.vancouver.wsu.edu/crbeha/ Columbia River Basin Ethnic History Archive]
{{-}}
{{Idaho}}
{{Oregon}}
{{Washington}}

{{coord|45|59|58|N|119|00|05|W|display=title}}

[[Category:Columbia River]]
[[Category:Physiographic provinces]]
[[Category:Large igneous provinces]]
[[Category:Volcanism of Washington (state)]]
[[Category:Miocene volcanism]]
[[Category:Pliocene volcanism]]
[[Category:Plateaus of the United States]]
[[Category:Landforms of Idaho]]
[[Category:Landforms of Oregon]]
[[Category:Landforms of Washington (state)]]
[[Category:Regions of Oregon]]
[[Category:Regions of Washington (state)]]
[[Category:Landforms of Umatilla County, Oregon]]
[[Category:Landforms of Hood River County, Oregon]]
[[Category:Landforms of Wasco County, Oregon]]

[[cs:Columbijská náhorní plošina]]
[[eo:Kolumbia Altebenaĵo]]
[[fr:Plateau du Columbia]]
[[it:Altopiano del Columbia]]
[[ja:コロンビア川台地]]
[[pl:Wyżyna Kolumbii]]
[[ru:Колумбийское плато]]
[[vi:Cao nguyên sông Columbia]]
[[zh:哥伦比亚高原]]
[[ar:هضبة كولومبيا]]

Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Atole

Columbia Plateau