https://de.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=AndroidCat Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de] 2025-07-19T01:11:20Z Benutzerbeiträge MediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.10 https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598416 Church of Spiritual Technology 2009-01-27T04:09:28Z <p>AndroidCat: Undid revision 266630082 by 66.99.180.162 (talk)</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Organization<br /> |image = ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg<br /> |size = 200px<br /> |caption = Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology<br /> |name = Church of Spiritual Technology<br /> |formation = 1993<br /> |type = Owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]<br /> |status = Non-profit<br /> |purpose = <br /> |headquarters = [[Hemet, California]], [[USA]]<br /> |leader_title = Chairman of [[Religious Technology Center]]<br /> |leader_name = [[David Miscavige]]<br /> |num_staff = <br /> |num_volunteers =<br /> |budget = <br /> |website = <br /> |remarks =<br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''', also known as '''CST''', is a [[Californian]] 501(c)(3) [[non-profit corporation]]&lt;ref&gt;[[commons:Image:IRS-Recognition-Denmark.pdf|Letter by the Internal Revenue Service to Flemming Paludan, Regional Director, Danish Tax-Office, Washington, D.C., USA, December 22nd, 1993]]&lt;/ref&gt;, incorporated in 1982, which owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The organization receives its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.asirights.com/asi.html Author Services, Inc. (ASI) representing the literary, theatrical and musical works of L. Ron Hubbard&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In a 1993 memorandum by the [[Church of Scientology International]], the role and function of CST has been described as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;[...] CST [...] is an autonomous church of the Scientology religion outside of the international Scientology ecclesiastical hierarchy. CST conducts an extensive program of activities to preserve and archive the Scientology Scriptures for use by future generations. CST also owns the option to acquire RTC's rights to the Scientology advance[d] technology and religious marks under three narrowly defined sets of circumstances, each of which contemplates a serious threat to continued existence of the religion. CST is the principal beneficiary of Mr. Hubbard's estate, provided that it obtains recognition of its tax-exempt status. [...]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Summary_Description_CST-AT-ASI.pdf Summary Description of Other Scientology Organizations - CST (Church of Spiritual Technology), Author's Family Trust, ASI (Author Services Inc.) - CSI Prod. 11-4-93, Bate Stamp: 151412 - 151413, Ex. 1-8, Washington, DC 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> == Corporate Information ==<br /> <br /> '''Basic Information'''<br /> <br /> The Church of Spiritual Technology (CST) was [[Incorporation (business)|incorporated]] by Sherman Lenske in Woodland Hills, [[California]] on May 27th, 1982&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Incorporation-CST.pdf Articles of Incorporation of Church of Spiritual Technology, Endorsed Filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the Sate of California, Woodland Hills, California, May 27th, 28th &amp; June 1st, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;. The [[Bylaws]] of CST were signed on June 7th, 1982 by its General and Special [[Board of directors|Directors]], who were at that time Lyman Spurlock, Rebecca Pook, Maria Starkey, Stephen A. Lenske, Sherman D. Lenske and Lawrence A. Heller&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Bylaws-CST.pdf Bylaws of Church of Spiritual Technology, California, June 7th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;. In 1986, CST's [[Articles of Incorporation]] were [[amended]] to clarify the &quot;[[disposition]] of the [[corporation|corporation's]] [[assets]] upon [[dissolution]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Amended_Articles_of_Incorporation_CST.pdf Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation - Church of Spiritual Technology, Endorsed filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of California, Bate Stamp: 02008 - 02009, California, April 9th, May 13th &amp; 14th, 1986]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> On August 18th, 1993, CST filed an application for [[tax exemption]] under section [[501(c)#501(c)(3)|501(c)(3)]] of the [[Internal Revenue Code]]&lt;ref name=&quot;en.wikipedia.org&quot;&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Application-501-CST.pdf Form 1023 - Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code - Church of Spiritual Technology, Washington, DC, August 18th, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;. The [[Internal Revenue Service]] granted CST's request for exemption through an official recognition letter on October 1st, 1993&lt;ref&gt;[[commons:Image:IRS-Recognition-CST.pdf|Recognition Letter for 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status - Church of Spiritual Technology, Washington, DC, October 1st, 1993]]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> At the time of the filing for [[tax exemption]], the following individuals held [[corporate]] positions at CST: The [[Board of Trustees]] was composed of John Allcock, David Lantz and Russell Bellin. Thomas Vorm, Russell Bellin and Catherine Schmidt formed the [[Board of Directors]]. CST's [[President]] was Russell Bellin, its [[Vice-President]] Thomas Vorm, its [[Secretary]] Jane McNairn and its [[Treasurer]] Catherine Schmidt&lt;ref name=&quot;en.wikipedia.org&quot;/&gt;.<br /> <br /> '''Licensing of Trademarks &amp; Service Marks'''<br /> <br /> The existence and founding of CST is intimately connected to the creation of the [[Religious Technology Center]], which was incorporated on January 1st, 1982. Shortly after its inception, RTC received on May 16th 1982 &quot;the ownership, supervision and control&quot; of the [[trademarks]] and [[service marks]], identifying &quot;Scientology applied religious philosophy&quot; and &quot;Dianetics spiritual healing technology&quot; by the originator and founder of Scientology, [[L. Ron Hubbard]] through a so-called &quot;[[Assignment]] [[Agreement]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Assignment-RTC.pdf &quot;Assignment Agreement (LRH/RTC) (Marks)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Religious Technology Center, County of Los Angeles, California, May 16th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> This agreement was subject to an additional &quot;[[Option]] Agreement&quot; between Hubbard, RTC and CST. In two so-called &quot;Option Agreements&quot; from May 1982, Hubbard granted CST the right to purchase at any time from RTC the &quot;Marks&quot;, the &quot;Advanced Technology&quot; and all the rights to them for the sum of $ 100&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Option-Agreement-LRH-CST.pdf &quot;Option Agreement (Marks)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Church of Spiritual Technology, County of Los Angeles, California, May 10th, 1982/July 9th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Option-Agreement-LRH-CST-AT.pdf Option Agreement (Advanced Technology-U.S.) - Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Church of Spiritual Technology, California, May 10th &amp; July 9th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Parallel and similar sounding agreements between Hubbard, RTC and CST were created during that period concerning the so-called &quot;Advanced Technology,&quot; which consists of unpublished derivates of Scientology's confidential &quot;Advanced technology&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Assignment-Agreement-LRH-RTC-AT.pdf &quot;Assignment Agreement (LRH/RTC) (Advanced Technology - US)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Religious Technology Center, Los Angeles, California, May 10th &amp; 16th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Under these agreements, RTC is forced to turn over 90 % of its net income to CST. A document from 1991, reflecting the &quot;financial money flows&quot; of RTC during the year 1989, actually showed a turnover of 59 % of RTC's net income towards CST&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Analysis-Financial-Flows-RTC.pdf &quot;Religious Technology Center - Analysis of Financial Flows 1989&quot;, Exhibit I-9 for Application for Tax-Exempt Status 501(c)(3), Bate Stamp: CSI Prod 11-4-93 151414]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Other examples of [[trademarks]] and [[service marks]], which are owned by CST are [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol. As such, CST operates as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.twth.org/reprinting/files/reprint-instructions.pdf |format=PDF| title = How to obtain permission to reprint The Way to Happiness booklets | accessdate = 2006-12-02 | publisher = The Way to Happiness Foundation International}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Archives==<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Bob | last = Henderson | title = Vault to get Hubbard's writings | url = http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/50647275.html?dids=50647275:50647275&amp;FMT=FT&amp;FMTS=ABS:FT | work = | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1991-07-25]] | accessdate = 2007-12-12 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late 1980s.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structure==<br /> The very first time the Church of Spiritual Technology was mentioned publicly to scientologists by COB RTC David Miscavige in 2000 on the New Year's event. &lt;ref&gt;[http://freezone.najbjerg.info/dokumenter/the-new-year-2000-event?set_language=en New Year 2000 event speech excerpt, by D.Miscavige]&lt;/ref&gt; Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ Faculty | UW School of Law&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt.<br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), as well as the Scientologist general directors and staff, the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS - United States Claims Court, June 29 1992&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[[Scientology]]<br /> *[[Dianetics]]<br /> *[[Church of Scientology]]<br /> *[[Religious Technology Center]]<br /> *[[Church of Scientology International]]<br /> *[[List of Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> * [http://sc-i-r-s-ology.wikiscientology.org/ http://sc-i-r-s-ology.wikiscientology.org] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> [[ru:Церковь духовной технологии]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738503 Fair Game (Scientology) 2008-12-15T01:48:43Z <p>AndroidCat: Relinked since it doesn&#039;t appear to be a copyright violation. See http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/germany/books/swoe01.htm</p> <hr /> <div>The term '''Fair Game''' is used to describe various aggressive policies and practices carried out by the [[Church of Scientology]] towards people and groups it perceives as its enemies. Founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]] developed the strategy in the 1950s and established the policy in 1965. Three years later, he canceled use of the term because of negative public relations it caused. The policy remained in effect and has been defended by the Church of Scientology as a core religious practice.<br /> <br /> ==Predecessors of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> <br /> In written policies dating from as early as the mid-1950s, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]] told his followers to take a punitive line towards perceived opponents. In 1955, he wrote &quot;the law can be used very easily to harass&amp;nbsp;... The purpose of the suit is to harass and discourage, rather than to win – if possible, of course, ruin [the target] utterly&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, &quot;The Scientologist - A Manual on the Dissemination of Material&quot;, reprinted in The Technical Bulletins of Dianetics and Scientology volume 2, pp.151-171, 1979 printing&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> His confidential ''Manual of Justice'' of 1959 advocated using private investigators, as critics were invariably &quot;found to be members of the Communist Party or criminals, usually both. The smell of police or private detectives caused them to fly, to close down, to confess.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard (1959) ''[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/man_just.htm Manual of Justice]'', page 5&lt;/ref&gt; In a very similar vein, he advised that &quot;If attacked on some vulnerable point by anyone or anything or any organization, always find or manufacture enough threat against them to cause them to sue for peace.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard, &quot;Dept of Government Affairs&quot;, Hubbard Communication Office Policy Letter of August 15, 1960&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Fair Game Law==<br /> <br /> In 1965 Hubbard formulated the &quot;'''Fair Game Law'''&quot;, which states how to deal with people who interfere with Scientology's activities. These problematic people, called [[Suppressive Person|suppressive persons]], could be considered &quot;fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist.&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard, Hubbard Communication Office Policy Letter 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot; 1965-03-01&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year, Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL April 2, 1965, &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed.&lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> When a man named Peter Goodwin in Hampshire, England purchased a high-level Scientology course for £250 and resold it to friends for £50, Hubbard personally issued an Ethics order which &quot;withdrew any future help from Goodwin and his associates, (presumably for eternity), and threatened the most dire retaliations.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Vosper, Cyril. ''The Mind Benders'', Herts: Mayflower Books, 1973. p. 109&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> An Ethics Order dating from March 6, 1968, issued by L. Ron Hubbard aboard his boat the Royal Scotsman, lists twelve scientologists who were accused of distributing altered versions of upper level technology. Hubbard writes &quot;They are fair game. No amnesty may ever cover them. [...] Any Sea Org member contacting them is to use [[R2-45|Auditing Process R2-45]].&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite paper | author=L. Ron Hubbard | title=HCO ETHICS ORDER | date=1968-03-06 | version=No. 30 INT | publisher = Advanced Organisation Yacht Royal Scotman, via U.S. Dist. Court. S.D. of N.Y. | url=http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/cult/hco-ethics-order-30.html | accessdate=2006-06-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Racket Exposed&quot;, ''The Auditor'', issue 37, 1968. [http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/cult/auditor37.html Excerpt]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellations==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard canceled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''.&lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> This letter states that it cancels only the use of the term &quot;fair game&quot; for its &quot;bad PR&quot; effect, and not the policy on the treatment of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; in question. Critical authors such as [[Jon Atack]] and websites such as [[Operation Clambake]] read the wording of HCOPL 21 Oct 68 to assert that the penalties outlined in HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, which were canceled and replaced by those in HCOPL 21 July 68, have been canceled in name only.&lt;ref name=Atack&gt;[http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html Jon Atack - General report on Scientology&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/fairgame-e.html Operation Clambake: Fair Game]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard said in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> <br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a license to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of March 22, 1976, quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing aggressive policy==<br /> <br /> The Church has retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies,&lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Ultra&gt;{{cite web | first = Douglas | last = Frantz | title = An Ultra-Aggressive Use of Investigators and the Courts | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F01E3D71639F93AA35750C0A961958260&amp;sec=&amp;spon=&amp;pagewanted=all | work = [[New York Times]]| date = 1997-03-09 | accessdate = 2008-04-01 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and argued as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Critics, as well as several judges and juries, have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics and penalties described in the October 1967 Policy Letter continued beyond both Hubbard's July 1968 Policy Letter canceling these penalties, and beyond his October 1968 order canceling the use of the term Fair Game.&lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = 1990-06-29 | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written ... But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Atack&gt;[http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html Jon Atack - General report on Scientology&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Latey&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/latey.html Judgment by Mr. Justice Latey, Royal Courts of Justice 23rd July, 1984]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For example, Lord Justice Stephenson, in the judgement in ''Church of Scientology of California'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979], declined to order [[discovery (law)|discovery]] in favour of the Church of Scientology on the grounds that there was a real risk of harassment of the persons named in the documents:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;I have carefully considered the documents to which we have been referred and some to which we have not. I am satisfied by my consideration of the documents that there is a real risk that all three categories of documents may be misused, ie not for legitimate purposes of the action but for harassment of individual patients, informants and renegades named in them, not only by proceedings for defamation against them but by threats and blackmail, and that they may be distributed to those in other parts of this worldwide organisation who may misuse them in the same way.<br /> <br /> I am thinking chiefly of the 'fair game law' against suppressive persons expounded in the HCO policy letter of 1 March 1965 and referred to in the particulars, and the policy letter of 21 October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&lt;ref&gt;''CoS'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979] 3 All ER 97&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Mr. Justice Latey stated in a 1984 London [[High Court]] judgment: &lt;blockquote&gt;Deprival of property, injury by any means, trickery, suing, lying or destruction have been pursued throughout and to this day with the fullest possible vigour.&lt;ref name=Latey /&gt;&lt;ref name=Atack /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Court cases involving &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> ===L. Gene Allard, 1976===<br /> <br /> In 1976, the Church was found legally liable for the malicious prosecution of an ex-Scientologist named L. Gene Allard who left Scientology in 1969 and was then charged with grand theft. The charge was dismissed, and Allard sued the Church. Exhibit 1 of the trial introduced into evidence the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy statements, and Allard was awarded $50,000 in compensatory damages and $250,000 in punitive damages. The Church argued on appeal that introduction of the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy statements was prejudicial error and that allowing the judgment stand would constitute a violation of their free exercise of religion. The appellate court, however, found that the evidence was relevant, and that it &quot;well supports the jury's implied conclusion... that those witnesses who were Scientologists or had been Scientologists were following the policy of the church and lying to, suing and attempting to destroy respondent.&quot; The court also noted: &quot;The trial court gave appellant almost the entire trial within which to produce evidence that the fair game policy had been repealed. Appellant failed to do so, and the trial court thereafter permitted the admission of Exhibit 1 into evidence.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Allard v. Church of Scientology, 58 Cal.App.3d 439 (Cal. App. 2d Dist. 1976)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Operation Freakout, 1976===<br /> In [[Operation Freakout]], the Church of Scientology attempted to eliminate journalist and writer Paulette Cooper via having her imprisoned, killing her or pushing her to commit suicide, or having her committed to a mental institution as revenge for her publication in 1971 of a highly critical book, ''[[The Scandal of Scientology]]''. The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] discovered documentary evidence of the plot and the preceding campaign of harassment during an investigation into the Church of Scientology in 1977, eventually leading to the Church compensating Cooper in an out-of-court settlement.<br /> <br /> ===Lawrence Wollersheim, 1980===<br /> In a long and contentious trial, [[Lawrence Wollersheim]], a former Scientologist, alleged that he had been harassed and his business nearly destroyed as a result of &quot;fair game&quot; measures. During appeals, the Church again claimed &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and was thus constitutionally protected &quot;religious expression&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology, 212 Cal. App. 3d 872 (Cal. App. 2d Dist. 1989)&lt;/ref&gt;. That claim was denied by the appellate court on July 18, 1989. After over 20 years of legal wrangling, the Church of Scientology paid Wollersheim the amount of the judgement, plus interest: $8,674,643. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Richard |last=Leiby |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&amp;contentId=A63143-2002May9 |title=Ex-Scientologist Collects $8.7 Million In 22-Year-Old Case |work=[[The Washington Post]] |page=A03 |date=2002-05-10 |accessdate=2006-06-13 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Jakob Anderson, 1981===<br /> In the March 11-16, 1981, Danish court case of ''Jakob Anderson vs The Church Of Scientology of Denmark'', ex-Guardian's Office operative Vibeke Dammon testified&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/damman.htm Transcript of testimony of Ms. Vibeke Damman, Oslo]&lt;/ref&gt; that the Church did in fact practice Fair Game and had done so in Anderson's case, in an attempt to get Anderson committed to a psychiatric hospital.{{fact|date=November 2008}}<br /> <br /> ===Gerald Armstrong, 1984===<br /> In 1980, Scientologist and [[Sea Org]] officer [[Gerry Armstrong (activist)|Gerry Armstrong]] was assigned to organize some of Hubbard's personal papers as the basis for a biography of Hubbard. Omar Garrison, a non-Scientologist known to be sympathetic to Scientology, was hired to write the biography. Both Armstrong and Garrison quickly realized that the papers reflected unfavorably on Hubbard, and revealed that many of Hubbard's claimed accomplishments were exaggerations or outright fabrications. Garrison abandoned the project, and a disillusioned Armstrong and his wife left the Church, retaining copies of the embarrassing materials as insurance against the expected harassment to come.&lt;ref name=&quot;Millions&quot;&gt;{{cite web| first = Robert | last = Lindsey | title = Scientology chief got millions, ex-aides say | url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00A17F9385D0C728DDDAE0894DC484D81 | publisher = New York Times | date = 1984-07-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Armstrong was sued by the Church in 1982 for the theft of private documents. The &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy became an issue in court. Armstrong won the case, in part because the Judge ruled that Armstrong, as a Scientologist of long standing, knew that fair game was practiced, and had good reason to believe that possession of these papers would be necessary to defend himself against illegal persecution by the Church.&lt;ref name=&quot;mind&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Joel | last = Sappell | coauthors = Welkos, Robert W. | title = The Mind Behind the {{sic|Reli|gon|nolink=y}} | url = http://www.latimes.com/la-scientology062490,0,7104164,full.story | work = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = 1990-06-24 | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In a scathing decision, Judge Paul Breckenridge wrote:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;In addition to violating and abusing its own members' civil-rights, the organization over the years with its &quot;Fair Game&quot; doctrine has harassed and abused those persons not in the Church whom it perceives as enemies. The organization clearly is schizophrenic and paranoid, and the bizarre combination seems to be a reflection of its founder LRH. The evidence portrays a man who has been virtually a pathological liar when it comes to his history, background, and achievements&amp;nbsp;... In determining whether the defendant unreasonably invaded Mrs. Hubbard's privacy, the court is satisfied the invasion was slight, and the reasons and justification for the defendant's conduct manifest. Defendant was told by Scientology to get an attorney. He was declared an enemy by the Church. He believed, reasonably, that he was subject to &quot;fair game.&quot; The only way he could defend himself, his integrity, and his wife was to take that which was available to him and place it in a safe harbor, to wit, his lawyer's custody. (Judge Paul Breckenridge, Los Angeles Superior Court, June 20, 1984)&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> During the trial, the Church hired Frank K. Flynn, an adjunct professor of comparative religions, to write a report arguing that Fair Game was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and thus should be considered a constitutionally protected activity.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}<br /> <br /> ==History of Fair Game in the UK==<br /> In the UK, targets of Fair Game and related harassment over the years have included ex-members, authors, journalists, broadcasters, the mental health profession, cult-monitoring groups, government and law enforcement.<br /> <br /> Maurice William Johnson was a scientologist who resigned in June 1966 and successfully sued for his money back. He told a court that after leaving he had received over 100 abusive letters, many of them using violent language. An article in &quot;The Auditor&quot;, a Scientology publication, was produced to the court, stating outright that Johnson was &quot;fair game&quot; and describing him as &quot;an enemy of mankind, the planets and all life.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology is slammed in court as &quot;evil cult&quot;|publisher=East Grinstead Observer|date=1968-06-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology &quot;brainwash': JP's comment as ex-student is cleared of theft|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1968-06-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Documents seized by the [[FBI]] in raids on the Church's US headquarters in July 1977 listed some operations against their British enemies. An agent had been sent to investigate Sir John Foster, author of the [[Foster Report|official UK Government inquiry into Scientology]], in an attempt to link him to [[Paulette Cooper]], author of ''[[The Scandal of Scientology]]'' and victim of [[Operation Freakout]]. The documents showed that [[Lord Balniel]], who had requested the official inquiry, was also a target. Hubbard had written, &quot;get a detective on that lord's past to unearth the tit-bits&quot;. A memo from Jane Kember, the Church's [[Saint Hill Manor|Saint Hill]]-based &quot;Guardian&quot; (or worldwide head of intelligence) reported that agents had got hold of a [[Metropolitan Police]] report on the Church. She asked for related documents so that a lawsuit against the police could be &quot;mocked up&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;dirtytricks1980&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Snow White's dirty tricks|publisher=The Guardian|date=1980-02-07|last=Beresford|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> According to a memo of May 6, 1971, Hubbard blamed the [[Mind (charity)|National Association for Mental Health (NAMH)]] and [[World Federation for Mental Health]] for attacks on Scientology and named Mary Appleby, secretary of the NAMH, as the ultimate source.&lt;ref name=&quot;dirtytricks1980&quot; /&gt; Starting in 1969, the NAMH was the target of a mass infiltration campaign by [[Scientologists]] who tried to take over key offices and change the organisation's policy on [[psychiatry]]. The large numbers of new membership applications just before a deadline raised the suspicion of the existing members and led to a mass explusion. The [[Church of Scientology]] sued unsuccessfully in an attempt to get their members reinstated.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Rolph, C. H.|title=[[Believe What You Like]]: What happened between the Scientologists and the National Association for Mental Health|date=1973|publisher=Andre Deutsch Limited|isbn=0-233-96375-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Kenneth Robinson]], a Minister for Health, had attributed Scientology's success to its targeting &quot;the weak, the unbalanced, the immature, the rootless and mentally and emotionally unstable&quot; and said its practices were &quot;a potential menace to the personality and well-being of those so deluded as to become its followers&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Bid to Muzzle Us Fails|publisher=News of the World|date=1969-05-04|last=Warren|first=Robert}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;David Lancashire ''&quot;Largest Mental Health Institution&quot; Becomes Storm Center in Britain'' Iowa City Press-Citizen. 1968-09-11 Online at http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/19680911-iowacitypresscitizen.html Retrieved on 2008-03-05&lt;/ref&gt; Scientology publications titled &quot;Freedom Scientology&quot;, &quot;Freedom and Scientology&quot; and &quot;Freedom&quot; conducted a libel campaign against him, beginning in 1968. According to these newsletters, he was responsible for creating &quot;death camps&quot; to which innocent people were being kidnapped to be killed or maimed at will. Robinson successfully sued for libel, prompting a total retraction and substantial damages.&lt;ref&gt;''Church of Scientology to pay libel damages to former Minister'' The Times 1973-06-06 Online at http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/19730606-thetimes.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Roy Wallis]] was the author of &quot;The Road to Total Freedom: A Sociological Analysis of Scientology&quot;, first published in 1976. After the publication of the book, a Scientology agent visited Stirling University where Wallis was teaching and tried to get him to implicate himself in the drug scene. Subsequently, forged letters apparently from Wallis were sent to his colleagues implicating him in scandalous activities including a homosexual love affair.&lt;ref&gt;Roy Wallis (1977) &quot;The Moral Career of the Research Project&quot; in Colin Bell and Howard Newby (Eds) ''Doing Sociological Research'' London: Allen and Unwin. ISBN 0029023505&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Stewart Lamont (1986) ''Religion Inc.: The Church of Scientology'' London: Harrap. ISBN 0-245-54334-1. page 87&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Journalist [[Russell Miller]] wrote a biography of [[L. Ron Hubbard]] entitled &quot;[[Bare-Faced Messiah]]&quot;, which was published in 1987. He was spied on while researching the book in the USA, and his friends and business associates received visits from scientologists and private detectives. Attempts were made to frame him for the murder of a London private detective, the murder of singer [[Dean Reed]] in East Berlin and a fire in an aircraft factory.&lt;ref&gt;Robert W. Welkos &quot;Shudder into silence: The Church of Scientology doesn't take kindly to negative coverage&quot; ''The Quill'', November/December 1991&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;punch&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=See you in court|publisher=Punch|date=1988-02-19|last=Miller|first=Russell|pages=46}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult threatens to sue on book|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-11-01|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Hounded by the church of stars and hype|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1997-01-19|last=Driscoll|first=Margarette|coauthors=Haynes, Steven}}&lt;/ref&gt; Senior executives at publishers Michael Joseph, and at ''[[The Sunday Times]]'', which serialised the book, received threatening phone calls and also a visit from private investigator Eugene Ingram, who worked for the Church.&lt;ref name=&quot;stimes_dirty&quot; /&gt; Another private investigator, Jarl Grieve Einar Cynewulf, told Sunday Times journalists that he had been offered &quot;large sums of money&quot; to find a link between Miller and the [[CIA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult's private detective fires at journalists|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-11-08|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Church unsuccessfully tried for an injunction against Miller and Penguin Books to stop the book being published; a move that the judge described as &quot;both mischievous and misconceived&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stimes_dirty&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists In Dirty Campaign To Stop Book|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-10-18|pages=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;punch&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1988, Scientology-connected group the [[Citizens Commission on Human Rights]] conducted a defamation campaign against [[Martin Roth|Professor Sir Martin Roth]], a [[Cambridge University]] professor of [[psychiatry]]. Material provided by the CCHR falsely alleged that experiments run by Professor Roth had damaged patients' brains with huge doses of [[LSD]], led to more than 20 deaths in an Australian hospital, and maimed human subjects in Canada. The Newcastle Times, which had published an article based on the CCHR material, admitted the falsity of the allegations and paid substantial libel damages in 1990.&lt;ref&gt;''Prof's Libel Victory Over LSD Claims'' Northern Echo 1990-06-22 Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/nre220690.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Jon Atack]], an ex-scientologist who left in 1983, wrote the book &quot;[[A Piece of Blue Sky|A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed]]&quot; and the pamphlet &quot;The Total Freedom Trap&quot; as well as providing research for &quot;[[Bare-Faced Messiah]]&quot;. He provided help to other members in leaving the organisation, as well as acting as an expert witness in various cases concerning Scientology. In response, Atack's home was repeatedly picketed by placard-carrying scientologists over the course of six days. Eugene Ingram, a private investigator employed by the Church, made visits to Atack, his elderly mother and other family and friends, spreading rumours that Atack would be going to prison. Scientologists also distributed leaflets entitled &quot;The Truth about Jon Atack&quot;, implying that he was a drug dealer who only criticised Scientology for money.&lt;ref name=&quot;palmer_intimidation&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Evening Argus ''Victims Who Are Fair Game'' 1994-04-12 Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/arg120494.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists picket house|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1994-03-18|last=Thompson|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Atack has complained of many additional forms of harassment. In 1991, he wrote, pairs of scientologists would arrive on his doorstep weekly to harangue him.&lt;ref&gt;Jon Atack (1995) ''Scientology: Religion or Intelligence Agency?'' Online at http://home.snafu.de/tilman/j/berlin.html Accessed 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt; In a court filing, Atack wrote that scientologists had used their own publications and leaflets, a public meeting and a letter to the Sunday Times to spread rumours that he had been convicted for drug dealing and for &quot;lewdness&quot; and that he was guilty of other criminal activities including rape, attempted murder and kidnap. He also named an individual scientologist who apparently had made a frivolous complaint of child molestation to social services.&lt;ref&gt;Jon Atack ''Amended Particulars of Claim in Jonathan Caven-Atack vs. Church Of Scientology Religious Education College Inc. et al.'' Haywards Heath County Court, Case No. HH 402401 Online at http://www.religio.de/atack/hh402401.html Retrieved on 2008-03-05&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Atack eventually went bankrupt due to the cost of defending himself against legal action from the Church.&lt;ref&gt;''Writer is quizzed by creditors'' Nottingham Evening Post 1996-04-27 Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/nep270496.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt; He is not the only one to have been driven bankrupt. According to [[Baroness Sharples]] speaking in the [[House of Lords]], a number of ex-scientologists &quot;have been both threatened and harassed and a considerable number of them have been made bankrupt by the church.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Peer declares scientology membership|publisher=Press Association|date=1996-12-17|last=Evans|first=Andrew|url=|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> During 1995, Beverley Ryall, a solicitor based in Chichester, was visited at midnight by a policewoman and by the head of the Church of Scientology's Bournemouth mission after a false tip-off that she was holding stolen documents in her house. She also reported a late night visit from Eugene Ingram. At that time Ryall was helping ex-scientologists in litigation against the Church.&lt;ref&gt;''Victims Who Are Fair Game'' Evening Argus 1994-04-12 Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/arg120494.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;palmer_intimidation&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult Accused of Intimidation|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1994-04-03|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt; She told a local paper, &quot;They have been harassing my clients and it is quite wrong. [...] They are just trying to intimidate me with Gestapo tactics.&quot; In response, a Scientology spokeswoman said that these allegations &quot;are made by people who are lamenting and crying because they have a guilty conscience.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult Using Gestapo Tactics Says Woman|publisher=Chichester Observer|date=1994-04-07|last=Hewitt|first=Phil}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> An American who moved to Britain, Bonnie Woods had been a member of the [[Sea Organisation]] but left Scientology in 1982. Since 1992, she and her husband Richard have run a telephone helpline for families affected by Scientology. Having been declared a [[Suppressive Person]], she had her house picketed and her family were put under surveillance. Private investigator Eugene Ingram persuaded a creditor of Richard Woods' failed building firm to accept free help from scientologists to pursue her money. As a result, the family were bankrupted.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology's Campaign Of Hate, By &quot;Cult Busters&quot;|publisher=The American|date=1998-03-06|last=Nicolova|first=Rossitsa|pages=5}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Having been a target of investigation by Eugene Ingram, Bonnie told a local paper, &quot;The biggest concern I have is for my children. Obviously I worry about their safety. I can never let them answer the phone or the door.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Escape route from Scientology has never been busier&quot; ''East Grinstead Courier'' 1994-04-15&lt;/ref&gt; Scientologists spread leaflets around her [[East Grinstead]] neighbourhood calling her a &quot;hate campaigner&quot;. After six years of litigation, eventually reaching the [[High Court of Justice|High Court]], the Church of Scientology admitted that the claims were lies and paid damages and costs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists pay for libel|publisher=The Guardian|date=1999-06-09|last=Dyer|first=Clare|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/1999/jun/09/claredyer|accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Cult pays £155,000 over hate campaign'' Daily Mail 1999-06-09&lt;/ref&gt; She told journalists that during the case she had been subjected to a &quot;level of harassment that most people would find intolerable&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=My victory joy after six year battle with cult|publisher=The Express|date=1999-06-09|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1995 a campaigning group was formed, calling itself Families Under Scientology Stress, to bring together ex-members and concerned families.&lt;ref&gt;''Making a FUSS over Scientology'' Evening Echo, Bournemouth 1995-07-13&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;buss1995&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=New pressure group under fire from cult|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1995-07-14|last=Buss|first=Cathy|pages=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Two members of FUSS, Richard and Judy Price of Tonbridge in Kent, were amongst those who received threats of legal action from the Church's solicitor, accusing them of planning &quot;unlawful and tortuous acts&quot; against the Church. The Prices told a local newspaper that they were suffering &quot;harassment and intimidation&quot; including unsolicited visitors to their house late at night.&lt;ref name=&quot;buss1995&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=We Live In Fear: Cult threatens legal action over defamation|publisher=Tonbridge Courier|date=1995-07-14|last=Gow|first=Sheila}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Church of Scientology spread a rumour to the press that Richard Price was an [[alcoholic]], which he denied.&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> When [[Twenty Twenty Television]] made a documentary for national television called &quot;Inside the Cult&quot;, using undercover filming, the Church of Scientology took out an abusive private prosecution against the reporter, producer and production company, which was eventually thrown out.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologist's Court Case Thrown Out By Magistrates|publisher=UK Press Gazette |date=1995-09-25|last=Methven|first=Nicola|quote=City of London magistrates dismissed private prosecutions for theft brought by the Scientologists against Braund, producer Claudia Milne and Twenty Twenty Television as an abuse of process.}}&lt;/ref&gt; At around the same time, cars belonging to the team had their windows smashed in, and the reporter's mobile phone was cloned and used to run up huge bills. The staff said these events were part of a harassment campaign in response to their documentary, although no connection with Scientology was ever proven and the allegations were denied by the Church.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology film team targeted by vandals|publisher=East Grinstead Observer|date=1995-07-16|last=Harrison|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Cult-monitoring organisations have also been targeted. The Church of Scientology released a dossier about the UK's [[Cult Information Centre]] in 1997. This exposed personal financial details of its General Secretary, Ian Howarth and attempted to link him to a convicted criminal. Another dossier about FAIR ([[Family Action Information Resource]]) held lurid allegations about the sex life of an ex-official.&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Paul Bracchi was a journalist at local paper the [[Evening Argus]] and later at the national [[Daily Mail]]. He revealed in 2007 that after writing a series of investigative articles on the Church for the Evening Argus, he was subjected to a &quot;vicious smear campaign&quot; that included defamatory leaflets, threatening letters and faxes and an attempt to find his ex-directory telephone number. One of his sources was a scientologist who was suspected of stealing documents. According to Bracchi, the man had been kidnapped and taken to Saint Hill Manor to be interrogated and subsequently received a written [[Suppressive Person]] declare, confirming that he was Fair Game. After that, he and his partner received anonymous death threats almost daily until they moved away.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=&quot;Tom Cruise's Church of hate tried to destroy me&quot;|publisher=Daily Mail|date=2007-05-19|last=Bracchi|first=Paul|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/femail/article.html?in_article_id=455886&amp;in_page_id=1879|accessdate=2008-05-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1997, the makers of &quot;Secret Lives: L. Ron Hubbard&quot;, a biographical television documentary, reported various forms of harassment. Private detective Eugene Ingram visited friends and associates of members of the team, spreading rumours that they were involved in crimes including money-laundering. A scientologist agent phoned friends of the director and producer, posing as a member of a survey organisation and thereby tricking the phone contacts into revealing their addresses. Those who did were visited by private detectives. It is not known how the agent obtained the numbers that the programme makers had dialled from their private phones.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Detective on trail of TV pair|publisher=Daily Telegraph|date=1997-11-20|last=Uttley|first=Tom|pages=14|url=http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/dtl201197.html|accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> During the making of the programme, the crew said that they were trailed by private detectives in the United States and Canada as well as in England.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Why Channel 4 is haunted by Scientology|publisher=Independent on Sunday|date=1997-11-09|last=Blackhurst|first=Chris}}&lt;/ref&gt; A film crew calling itself &quot;Freedom TV&quot; made unannounced visits to the homes of the programme makers to film them.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Travolta begs Channel 4 not to attack Scientology|publisher=Independent on Sunday|date=1997-11-09|last=Blackhurst|first=Chris|url=|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> When the [[Panorama (TV series)|BBC Panorama]] television programme visited the USA in 2007 to film a documentary about the Church, Scientology representatives followed them and repeatedly harangued them. Unknown men also trailed the team, one even appearing at the wedding of reporter [[John Sweeney (journalist)|John Sweeney]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists to BBC: what planet are you on?|publisher=The Sunday Times|date=2007-05-13|last=Swinford|first=Steven|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article1782050.ece |accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;BBC 1 (TV) The Heaven and Earth Show with Gloria Hunniford 2007-05-13&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=panorama&gt;{{cite episode | title = Scientology and Me | episodelink= Scientology and Me | series = Panorama | serieslink = Panorama (TV series) | airdate = 2007-05-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sweeney later complained of being &quot;chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers [...] In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = 2007-05-14 | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing use of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> Despite the ostensible cancellation of &quot;Fair Game,&quot; the policy itself continues to present day. A series of court cases in England in the 1970s saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; being strongly criticised by senior judges, with (for instance) [[Robert Goff|Lord Justice Goff]] citing it to highlight what he described as the Church's &quot;deplorable means adopted to suppress inquiry or criticism.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Church of Scientology of California v. Kaufman (1973) RPC 635&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in other cases, Lord Justice Megaw discussed &quot;Fair Game&quot; at length and concluded that the plaintiffs (the Church) &quot;are or have been protecting their secrets by deplorable means&quot; and &quot;do not come with [[unclean hands|clean hands]] to this court in asking the court to protect those secrets&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/vosper.html Hubbard and another v Vosper and another] (1971)&lt;/ref&gt;, and Lord Justice Stephenson noted &quot;the policy letter of 1st October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/dhss.html Church of Scientology of California v Department of Health and Social Security and others] (All England Law Reports (1979), vol. 3)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> It later emerged that &quot;Fair Game&quot; had actually continued in use until at least 1980, despite its cancellation, and there have been frequent allegations that it has remained in force since then. During the 1970s the [[Guardian's Office]] (GO) of the Church of Scientology, headed by Hubbard's wife [[Mary Sue Hubbard|Mary Sue]], conducted a wide-ranging and systematic series of espionage and intimidation operations against perceived enemies of Scientology. (See [[Operation Freakout]] for a noteworthy example.)<br /> <br /> The doctrine of &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a central element of the GO's operational policies. The original &quot;cancelled&quot; Fair Game policy is listed as a reference for GO staff in its confidential ''Intelligence Course'', &lt;ref&gt;Guardian Order, ''Confidential - Intelligence Course'', 9 September 1974, p.18&lt;/ref&gt; which was later entered into evidence in a US Federal court case in 1979. &lt;ref&gt;''United States vs. Mary Sue Hubbard et al.'', 493 F. Supp. 209, (D.D.C. 1979)&lt;/ref&gt; During the case Church lawyers admitted that the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy had continued to be put into effect long after its supposed cancellation in 1968. Indeed, according to an ''[[American Lawyer]]'' investigation, &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics had been used to force the withdrawal of the presiding judge in an attempt to &quot;throw&quot; the case. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/media/am-lawyer-1980.html Scientology's War Against Judges]&quot;, ''American Lawyer'', December 1980&lt;/ref&gt; As the US Government's attorneys put it,<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Defendants, through one of their attorneys, have stated that the fair game policy continued in effect well after the indictment in this case and the conviction of the first nine co-defendants. Defendants claim that the policy was abrogated by the Church's Board of Directors in late July or early August, 1980, only after the defendants' personal attack on [[Charles Richey|Judge Richey]].&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Sentencing Memorandum of the United States of America, Mary Sue Hubbard et al, Criminal Case No. 78-401, 3 December 1979&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The abrogation mentioned above was issued in a policy letter of 22 July 1980, &quot;Ethics, Cancellation of Fair Game, more about&quot;, issued by the Boards of Directors of the Churches of Scientology. However, this cancellation was itself cancelled in a subsequent HCO Policy Letter of 8 September 1983, &quot;Cancellation of Issues on Suppressive Acts and PTSes&quot;, which cancelled a number of HCOPLs on the ground that they &quot;were not written by the Founder [Hubbard]&quot;. In two subsequent court cases the Church defended &quot;Fair Game&quot; as a &quot;core practice of Scientology&quot;, and claimed that it was therefore protected as &quot;religious expression&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;Frank K. Flinn testimony in Church of Scientology of California, 1984, vol.23, pp.4032-4160&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Since then, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicky Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> :Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth. &lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/germany/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Further policy modifications===<br /> The current policy on the handling of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; was promulgated in 1991. &lt;ref&gt;HCO Policy Letter of 23 December 1965RB, revised 8 January 1991, ''Suppressive Acts Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists''&lt;/ref&gt; It does not include the words &quot;Fair Game&quot;, but sets out the type of acts considered to be &quot;suppressive&quot; and spells out how to deal with such situations. It concludes with this statement:<br /> :Nothing in this policy letter shall ever or under any circumstances justify any violation of the laws of the land or intentional legal wrongs. Any such offense shall subject the offender to penalties prescribed by law as well as to ethics and justice actions.<br /> Critics have noted that this does not exclude the possibility of what might be termed &quot;legal but unethical&quot; actions such as the so-called &quot;dead agenting&quot; tactics of which the Church has often been accused. While the term &quot;fair game&quot; is not included in any publicly disclosed and current Church policy, critics of the Church have often charged that the policy continues today.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#&quot;Dead agenting&quot;|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> * [[Keeping Scientology Working]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;, ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', June 9, 1999<br /> *Fair Gamed Web Site, [http://www.fairgamed.org/ Some victims of Scientology's Fair Game Policy]<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]<br /> <br /> [[es:Fair Game (Cienciología)]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133592090 Scientology Int. Base 2008-11-16T20:27:09Z <p>AndroidCat: Undid revision 252210134 by 89.231.29.171 (talk)</p> <hr /> <div>{{coord|33|50|3.25|N|116|59|5.85|W|display=title}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is the informal name of the international headquarters of the [[Church of Scientology]],&lt;ref name=&quot;tabayoyan&quot;&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/aff_at.html Affidavit of Andre Tabayoyan] United States District Court, Central District of California case no. CV 91 6426 HLH (Tx)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;prince&quot;&gt;[http://lisatrust.bogie.nl/Media/video/legal/prince_erlich.pdf Affidavit of Jesse Prince] United States District Court, Central District of California, San Jose Division case no. C-95-20091 RMW (EAI)&lt;/ref&gt; located on a {{convert|500|acre|km2|sing=on}} parcel of land just outside of [[San Jacinto]], California. It is located at or near 19625 Gilman Springs Road, Gilman Hot Springs, California 92583. The area is the home of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media and publications division of the church, which is the largest of the many organizational units located there. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live and work on the Base. &lt;ref name=&quot;quill&quot;&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;latimes&quot;&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Facilities==<br /> The base is home to all of the highest level management units of the [[Church of Scientology]]&lt;ref name=&quot;tabayoyan&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;prince&quot;/&gt;, all of which are staffed by [[Sea Organization]] members. Among the organizations there are the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and [[Golden Era Productions]]. [[Golden Era Productions]] manufactures the [[E-Meter]] and produces and distributes all church audio-visual materials, both internal and promotional.&lt;ref name=&quot;goldeneye&quot;&gt;{{cite news | first = Thomas C | last = Tobin | title = A place called 'Gold' | url = http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/102598/scientologygold.html | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1998-10-25]] | accessdate = 2007-03-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt;, sometimes as the [[Hemet, California|Hemet]] base.&lt;ref name=&quot;tabayoyan&quot;/&gt; Until the mid-1990s the location of the base and the presence of international management there were kept secret, even to Scientologists at lower organizations.&lt;ref name=&quot;prince&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In an article published in the ''[[LA Weekly]]'', Gale Holland wrote that there are critics of the Church of Scientology who say that Gold Base &quot;houses the church's highly secretive security apparatus&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;UnfairGame&quot;&gt;{{cite news | author = Gale Holland | title = Unfair Game: Scientologists Get Their Man | url = http://www.laweekly.com/news/news/unfair-game/4713/ | publisher = [[LA Weekly]] | date = [[2001-06-20]] | accessdate = 2007-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; There are motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref name=&quot;inland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf |format = [[PDF]]|title = Scientology's inland empire |accessdate = 2007-08-25 |last = Perry |first = Rebecca | coauthors = Kelsen, Don|date = [[2005-12-17]]|work = [[Los Angeles Times]]|publisher = }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas—RTC offices and housing, where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists live and work<br /> *BonnieView—L. Ron Hubbard's fully-furnished mansion, still maintained and staffed in the belief that he will return in another body.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Kevin and Bean's Podcast|date=2008-04-08|publisher=KROQ-FM|url=http://www.kroq-data.com/kevinandbean/podcast.asp|accessdate=2008-10-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> *Cine Castle—main film studio in the shape of a castle, for producing church A/V materials<br /> *OGH buildings—Old Gilman House. Formerly &quot;isolation&quot; space for physically ill staff. Possibly now used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *Del Sol—CSI offices, and auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Staff berthing—four buildings where staff live.<br /> *Qual Gold—Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot; as per the Hubbard organization policies. In practice this mostly means facilities staff auditing and training.<br /> *MCI—This large building is the staff dining hall, known as &quot;Massacre Canyon Inn&quot; from the building's pre-Scientology name when the property was a resort.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake, two beaches, and a golf course.&lt;ref&gt;[http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2 Scientology - Ex-INT Base Staff Interrogatory - Interviews]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;inland&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Claire | last = Hoffman | coauthors = Christensen, Kim | title = Tom Cruise and Scientology | url = http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[2005-12-18]] | accessdate = 2008-01-24 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.freezone.org/gilman_hot_springs.htm Gilman Hot Springs]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> [[Keith Henson]] picketed Gold Base compound to protest the deaths of a Scientologist, [[Stacy Moxon]] Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of lead Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], died in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base at about the same time that picketers aboveground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner. Shaner died in an auto accident on the road fronting Gold Base when a contractor working for the Church was moving a piece of [[Loader (equipment)|construction equipment]] across the highway after dusk without adequate lighting.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm Nove manslaughter case (Ashlee Shaner)]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology properties]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738480 Fair Game (Scientology) 2008-10-22T01:17:46Z <p>AndroidCat: /* Operation Freakout, 1976 */ The name of the corporation is the Church of Scientology.</p> <hr /> <div>The term '''Fair Game''' is used to describe various aggressive policies and practices carried out by the [[Church of Scientology]] towards people and groups it perceives as its enemies.<br /> <br /> ==Predecessors of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> <br /> In written policies dating from as early as the mid-1950s, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]] told his followers to take a punitive line towards perceived opponents. In 1955, he wrote &quot;the law can be used very easily to harass&amp;nbsp;... The purpose of the suit is to harass and discourage, rather than to win – if possible, of course, ruin [the target] utterly&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, &quot;The Scientologist - A Manual on the Dissemination of Material&quot;, reprinted in The Technical Bulletins of Dianetics and Scientology volume 2, pp.151-171, 1979 printing&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> His confidential ''Manual of Justice'' of 1959 advocated using private investigators, as critics were invariably &quot;found to be members of the Communist Party or criminals, usually both. The smell of police or private detectives caused them to fly, to close down, to confess.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard (1959) ''[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/man_just.htm Manual of Justice]'', page 5&lt;/ref&gt; In a very similar vein, he advised that &quot;If attacked on some vulnerable point by anyone or anything or any organization, always find or manufacture enough threat against them to cause them to sue for peace.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard, &quot;Dept of Government Affairs&quot;, Hubbard Communication Office Policy Letter of [[15 August]] [[1960]]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Fair Game Law==<br /> <br /> In 1965 Hubbard formulated the '''&quot;Fair Game Law&quot;''', which states how to deal with people who interfere with Scientology's activities. These problematic people, called [[Suppressive Person|suppressive persons]], could be considered &quot;fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist.&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard, Hubbard Communication Office Policy Letter 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot; [[1965-03-01]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year, Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL [[2 April]] [[1965]], &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed.&lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> When a man named Peter Goodwin in Hampshire, England purchased a high-level Scientology course for £250 and resold it to friends for £50, Hubbard personally issued an Ethics order which &quot;withdrew any future help from Goodwin and his associates, (presumably for eternity), and threatened the most dire retaliations.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Vosper, Cyril. ''The Mind Benders'', Herts: Mayflower Books, 1973. p. 109&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> An Ethics Order dating from [[March 6]] [[1968]], issued by L. Ron Hubbard aboard his boat the Royal Scotsman, lists twelve scientologists who were accused of distributing altered versions of upper level technology. Hubbard writes &quot;They are fair game. No amnesty may ever cover them. [...] Any Sea Org member contacting them is to use [[R2-45|Auditing Process R2-45]].&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite paper | author=L. Ron Hubbard | title=HCO ETHICS ORDER | date=[[1968-03-06]] | version=No. 30 INT | publisher = Advanced Organisation Yacht Royal Scotman, via U.S. Dist. Court. S.D. of N.Y. | url=http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/cult/hco-ethics-order-30.html | accessdate=2006-06-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Racket Exposed&quot;, ''The Auditor'', issue 37, 1968. [http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/cult/auditor37.html Excerpt]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellation of the term &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard canceled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''.&lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> This letter states that it cancels only the use of the term &quot;fair game&quot; for its &quot;bad PR&quot; effect, and not the policy on the treatment of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; in question. Critical authors such as [[Jon Atack]] and websites such as [[Operation Clambake]] read the wording of HCOPL 21 Oct 68 to assert that the practices outlined in HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, which were canceled by HCOPL 21 July 68, have been canceled in name only.&lt;ref name=Atack&gt;[http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html Jon Atack - General report on Scientology&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/fairgame-e.html Operation Clambake: Fair Game]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard said in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> <br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a license to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of [[22 March]] [[1976]], quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing aggressive policy==<br /> <br /> The Church has retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies,&lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Ultra&gt;{{cite web | first = Douglas | last = Frantz | title = An Ultra-Aggressive Use of Investigators and the Courts | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F01E3D71639F93AA35750C0A961958260&amp;sec=&amp;spon=&amp;pagewanted=all | work = [[New York Times]]| date = [[1997-03-09]] | accessdate = 2008-04-01 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and argued as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Critics, as well as several judges and juries, have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics and penalties described in the October 1967 Policy Letter continued beyond both Hubbard's July 1968 Policy Letter canceling these penalties, and beyond his October 1968 order canceling the use of the term Fair Game.&lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-29]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written ... But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Atack&gt;[http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html Jon Atack - General report on Scientology&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Latey&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/latey.html Judgment by Mr. Justice Latey, Royal Courts of Justice 23rd July, 1984]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For example, Lord Justice Stephenson, in the judgement in ''Church of Scientology of California'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979], declined to order [[discovery (law)|discovery]] in favour of the Church of Scientology on the grounds that there was a real risk of harassment of the persons named in the documents:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;I have carefully considered the documents to which we have been referred and some to which we have not. I am satisfied by my consideration of the documents that there is a real risk that all three categories of documents may be misused, ie not for legitimate purposes of the action but for harassment of individual patients, informants and renegades named in them, not only by proceedings for defamation against them but by threats and blackmail, and that they may be distributed to those in other parts of this worldwide organisation who may misuse them in the same way.<br /> <br /> I am thinking chiefly of the 'fair game law' against suppressive persons expounded in the HCO policy letter of 1 March 1965 and referred to in the particulars, and the policy letter of 21 October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&lt;ref&gt;''CoS'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979] 3 All ER 97&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Mr. Justice Latey stated in a 1984 [[London]] [[High Court]] judgment: &lt;blockquote&gt;Deprival of property, injury by any means, trickery, suing, lying or destruction have been pursued throughout and to this day with the fullest possible vigour.&lt;ref name=Latey /&gt;&lt;ref name=Atack /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Court cases involving &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> ===L. Gene Allard, 1976===<br /> <br /> In 1976, the Church was found legally liable for the malicious prosecution of an ex-Scientologist named L. Gene Allard who left Scientology in 1969 and was then charged with grand theft. The charge was dismissed, and Allard sued the Church. Exhibit 1 of the trial introduced into evidence the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy statements, and Allard was awarded $50,000 in compensatory damages and $250,000 in punitive damages. The Church argued on appeal that introduction of the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy statements was prejudicial error and that allowing the judgment stand would constitute a violation of their free exercise of religion. The appellate court, however, found that the evidence was relevant, and that it &quot;well supports the jury's implied conclusion... that those witnesses who were Scientologists or had been Scientologists were following the policy of the church and lying to, suing and attempting to destroy respondent.&quot; The court also noted: &quot;The trial court gave appellant almost the entire trial within which to produce evidence that the fair game policy had been repealed. Appellant failed to do so, and the trial court thereafter permitted the admission of Exhibit 1 into evidence.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Allard v. Church of Scientology, 58 Cal.App.3d 439 (Cal. App. 2d Dist. 1976)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Lawrence Wollersheim, 1980===<br /> In a long and contentious trial, [[Lawrence Wollersheim]], a former Scientologist, alleged that he had been harassed and his business nearly destroyed as a result of &quot;fair game&quot; measures. During appeals, the Church again claimed &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and was thus constitutionally protected &quot;religious expression&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology, 212 Cal. App. 3d 872 (Cal. App. 2d Dist. 1989)&lt;/ref&gt;. That claim was denied by the appellate court on [[July 18]], [[1989]]. After over 20 years of legal wrangling, the Church of Scientology paid Wollersheim the amount of the judgement, plus interest: $8,674,643. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Richard |last=Leiby |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&amp;contentId=A63143-2002May9 |title=Ex-Scientologist Collects $8.7 Million In 22-Year-Old Case |work=[[The Washington Post]] |page=A03 |date=[[2002-05-10]] |accessdate=2006-06-13 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Jakob Anderson, 1981===<br /> In the March 11-16, 1981, Danish court case of Jakob Anderson vs The Church Of Scientology of Denmark, ex-Guardian's Office operative Vibeke Dammon testified that the Church did in fact practice Fair Game and had done so in Anderson's case, in an attempt to get Anderson committed to a psychiatric hospital.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}<br /> <br /> ===Gerald Armstrong, 1984===<br /> In 1980, Scientologist and [[Sea Org]] officer [[Gerry Armstrong (activist)|Gerry Armstrong]] was assigned to organize some of Hubbard's personal papers as the basis for a biography of Hubbard. Omar Garrison, a non-Scientologist known to be sympathetic to Scientology, was hired to write the biography. Both Armstrong and Garrison quickly realized that the papers reflected unfavorably on Hubbard, and revealed that many of Hubbard's claimed accomplishments were exaggerations or outright fabrications. Garrison abandoned the project, and a disillusioned Armstrong and his wife left the Church, retaining copies of the embarrassing materials as insurance against the expected harassment to come.&lt;ref name = Millions&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert | last = Lindsey | title = Scientology chief got millions, ex-aides say | url = http://www.lermanet.com/scientologynews/nytimes/scientology-chief-got-millions-071184.html | work = | publisher = New York Times | date = [[1984-07-11]] | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Armstrong was sued by the Church in 1982 for the theft of private documents. The &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy became an issue in court. Armstrong won the case, in part because the Judge ruled that Armstrong, as a Scientologist of long standing, knew that fair game was practiced, and had good reason to believe that possession of these papers would be necessary to defend himself against illegal persecution by the Church.&lt;ref name=mind&gt;{{cite web | first = Joel | last = Sappell | coauthors = Welkos, Robert W. | title = The Mind Behind the {{sic|Reli|gon|nolink=y}} | url = http://www.latimes.com/la-scientology062490,0,7104164,full.story | work = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-24]] | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In a scathing decision, Judge Paul Breckenridge wrote:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;In addition to violating and abusing its own members' civil-rights, the organization over the years with its &quot;Fair Game&quot; doctrine has harassed and abused those persons not in the Church whom it perceives as enemies. The organization clearly is schizophrenic and paranoid, and the bizarre combination seems to be a reflection of its founder LRH. The evidence portrays a man who has been virtually a pathological liar when it comes to his history, background, and achievements&amp;nbsp;... In determining whether the defendant unreasonably invaded Mrs. Hubbard's privacy, the court is satisfied the invasion was slight, and the reasons and justification for the defendant's conduct manifest. Defendant was told by Scientology to get an attorney. He was declared an enemy by the Church. He believed, reasonably, that he was subject to &quot;fair game.&quot; The only way he could defend himself, his integrity, and his wife was to take that which was available to him and place it in a safe harbor, to wit, his lawyer's custody. (Judge Paul Breckenridge, Los Angeles Superior Court, June 20, 1984)&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> During the trial, the Church hired Frank K. Flynn, an adjunct professor of comparative religions, to write a report arguing that Fair Game was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and thus should be considered a constitutionally protected activity.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}<br /> <br /> ===Operation Freakout, 1976===<br /> In [[Operation Freakout]], the Church of Scientology attempted to eliminate journalist and writer Paulette Cooper via having her imprisoned, killing her or pushing her to commit suicide, or having her committed to a mental institution as revenge for her publication in 1971 of a highly critical book, [[The Scandal of Scientology]]. The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] discovered documentary evidence of the plot and the preceding campaign of harassment during an investigation into the Church of Scientology in 1977, eventually leading to the Church compensating Cooper in an out-of-court settlement.<br /> <br /> ==History of Fair Game in the UK==<br /> In the UK, targets of Fair Game and related harassment over the years have included ex-members, authors, journalists, broadcasters, the mental health profession, cult-monitoring groups, government and law enforcement.<br /> <br /> Maurice William Johnson was a scientologist who resigned in June 1966 and successfully sued for his money back. He told a court that after leaving he had received over 100 abusive letters, many of them using violent language. An article in &quot;The Auditor&quot;, a Scientology publication, was produced to the court, stating outright that Johnson was &quot;fair game&quot; and describing him as &quot;an enemy of mankind, the planets and all life.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology is slammed in court as &quot;evil cult&quot;|publisher=East Grinstead Observer|date=1968-06-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology &quot;brainwash': JP's comment as ex-student is cleared of theft|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1968-06-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Documents seized by the [[FBI]] in raids on the Church's US headquarters in July 1977 listed some operations against their British enemies. An agent had been sent to investigate Sir John Foster, author of the [[Foster Report|official UK Government inquiry into Scientology]], in an attempt to link him to [[Paulette Cooper]], author of [[The Scandal of Scientology]] and victim of [[Operation Freakout]]. The documents showed that [[Lord Balniel]], who had requested the official inquiry, was also a target. Hubbard had written, &quot;get a detective on that lord's past to unearth the tit-bits&quot;. A memo from Jane Kember, the Church's [[Saint Hill Manor|Saint Hill]]-based &quot;Guardian&quot; (or worldwide head of intelligence) reported that agents had got hold of a [[Metropolitan Police]] report on the Church. She asked for related documents so that a lawsuit against the police could be &quot;mocked up&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;dirtytricks1980&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Snow White's dirty tricks|publisher=The Guardian|date=1980-02-07|last=Beresford|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> According to a memo of [[6 May]] [[1971]], Hubbard blamed the [[Mind (charity)|National Association for Mental Health (NAMH)]] and [[World Federation for Mental Health]] for attacks on Scientology and named Mary Appleby, secretary of the NAMH, as the ultimate source.&lt;ref name=&quot;dirtytricks1980&quot; /&gt; Starting in 1969, the NAMH was the target of a mass infiltration campaign by [[Scientologists]] who tried to take over key offices and change the organisation's policy on [[psychiatry]]. The large numbers of new membership applications just before a deadline raised the suspicion of the existing members and led to a mass explusion. The [[Church of Scientology]] sued unsuccessfully in an attempt to get their members reinstated.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Rolph, C. H.|title=[[Believe What You Like]]: What happened between the Scientologists and the National Association for Mental Health|date=1973|publisher=Andre Deutsch Limited|isbn=0-233-96375-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Kenneth Robinson]], a Minister for Health, had attributed Scientology's success to its targeting &quot;the weak, the unbalanced, the immature, the rootless and mentally and emotionally unstable&quot; and said its practices were &quot;a potential menace to the personality and well-being of those so deluded as to become its followers&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Bid to Muzzle Us Fails|publisher=News of the World|date=1969-05-04|last=Warren|first=Robert}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;David Lancashire ''&quot;Largest Mental Health Institution&quot; Becomes Storm Center in Britain'' Iowa City Press-Citizen. [[1968-09-11]] Online at http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/19680911-iowacitypresscitizen.html Retrieved on 2008-03-05&lt;/ref&gt; Scientology publications titled &quot;Freedom Scientology&quot;, &quot;Freedom and Scientology&quot; and &quot;Freedom&quot; conducted a libel campaign against him, beginning in 1968. According to these newsletters, he was responsible for creating &quot;death camps&quot; to which innocent people were being kidnapped to be killed or maimed at will. Robinson successfully sued for libel, prompting a total retraction and substantial damages.&lt;ref&gt;''Church of Scientology to pay libel damages to former Minister'' The Times [[1973-06-06]] Online at http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/19730606-thetimes.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Roy Wallis]] was the author of &quot;The Road to Total Freedom: A Sociological Analysis of Scientology&quot;, first published in 1976. After the publication of the book, a Scientology agent visited Stirling University where Wallis was teaching and tried to get him to implicate himself in the drug scene. Subsequently, forged letters apparently from Wallis were sent to his colleagues implicating him in scandalous activities including a homosexual love affair.&lt;ref&gt;Roy Wallis (1977) &quot;The Moral Career of the Research Project&quot; in Colin Bell and Howard Newby (Eds) ''Doing Sociological Research'' London: Allen and Unwin. ISBN 0029023505&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Stewart Lamont (1986) ''Religion Inc.: The Church of Scientology'' London: Harrap. ISBN 0-245-54334-1. page 87&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Journalist [[Russell Miller]] wrote a biography of [[L. Ron Hubbard]] entitled &quot;[[Bare-Faced Messiah]]&quot;, which was published in 1987. He was spied on while researching the book in the USA, and his friends and business associates received visits from scientologists and private detectives. Attempts were made to frame him for the murder of a London private detective, the murder of singer [[Dean Reed]] in East Berlin and a fire in an aircraft factory.&lt;ref&gt;Robert W. Welkos &quot;Shudder into silence: The Church of Scientology doesn't take kindly to negative coverage&quot; ''The Quill'', November/December 1991&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;punch&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=See you in court|publisher=Punch|date=1988-02-19|last=Miller|first=Russell|pages=46}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult threatens to sue on book|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-11-01|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Hounded by the church of stars and hype|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1997-01-19|last=Driscoll|first=Margarette|coauthors=Haynes, Steven}}&lt;/ref&gt; Senior executives at publishers Michael Joseph, and at the [[Sunday Times]], which serialised the book, received threatening phone calls and also a visit from private investigator Eugene Ingram, who worked for the Church.&lt;ref name=&quot;stimes_dirty&quot; /&gt; Another private investigator, Jarl Grieve Einar Cynewulf, told Sunday Times journalists that he had been offered &quot;large sums of money&quot; to find a link between Miller and the [[CIA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult's private detective fires at journalists|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-11-08|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Church unsuccessfully tried for an injunction against Miller and Penguin Books to stop the book being published; a move that the judge described as &quot;both mischievous and misconceived&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stimes_dirty&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists In Dirty Campaign To Stop Book|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-10-18|pages=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;punch&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1988, Scientology-connected group the [[Citizens Commission on Human Rights]] conducted a defamation campaign against [[Martin Roth|Professor Sir Martin Roth]], a [[Cambridge University]] professor of [[psychiatry]]. Material provided by the CCHR falsely alleged that experiments run by Professor Roth had damaged patients' brains with huge doses of [[LSD]], led to more than 20 deaths in an Australian hospital, and maimed human subjects in Canada. The Newcastle Times, which had published an article based on the CCHR material, admitted the falsity of the allegations and paid substantial libel damages in 1990.&lt;ref&gt;''Prof's Libel Victory Over LSD Claims'' Northern Echo [[1990-06-22]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/nre220690.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Jon Atack]], an ex-scientologist who left in 1983, wrote the book &quot;[[A Piece of Blue Sky|A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed]]&quot; and the pamphlet &quot;The Total Freedom Trap&quot; as well as providing research for &quot;[[Bare-Faced Messiah]]&quot;. He provided help to other members in leaving the organisation, as well as acting as an expert witness in various cases concerning Scientology. In response, Atack's home was repeatedly picketed by placard-carrying scientologists over the course of six days. Eugene Ingram, a private investigator employed by the Church, made visits to Atack, his elderly mother and other family and friends, spreading rumours that Atack would be going to prison. Scientologists also distributed leaflets entitled &quot;The Truth about Jon Atack&quot;, implying that he was a drug dealer who only criticised Scientology for money.&lt;ref name=&quot;palmer_intimidation&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Evening Argus ''Victims Who Are Fair Game'' [[1994-04-12]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/arg120494.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists picket house|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1994-03-18|last=Thompson|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Atack has complained of many additional forms of harassment. In 1991, he wrote, pairs of scientologists would arrive on his doorstep weekly to harangue him.&lt;ref&gt;Jon Atack (1995) ''Scientology: Religion or Intelligence Agency?'' Online at http://home.snafu.de/tilman/j/berlin.html Accessed [[2008-05-03]]&lt;/ref&gt; In a court filing, Atack wrote that scientologists had used their own publications and leaflets, a public meeting and a letter to the Sunday Times to spread rumours that he had been convicted for drug dealing and for &quot;lewdness&quot; and that he was guilty of other criminal activities including rape, attempted murder and kidnap. He also named an individual scientologist who apparently had made a frivolous complaint of child molestation to social services.&lt;ref&gt;Jon Atack ''Amended Particulars of Claim in Jonathan Caven-Atack vs. Church Of Scientology Religious Education College Inc. et al.'' Haywards Heath County Court, Case No. HH 402401 Online at http://www.religio.de/atack/hh402401.html Retrieved on 2008-03-05&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Atack eventually went bankrupt due to the cost of defending himself against legal action from the Church.&lt;ref&gt;''Writer is quizzed by creditors'' Nottingham Evening Post [[1996-04-27]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/nep270496.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt; He is not the only one to have been driven bankrupt. According to [[Baroness Sharples]] speaking in the [[House of Lords]], a number of ex-scientologists &quot;have been both threatened and harassed and a considerable number of them have been made bankrupt by the church.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Peer declares scientology membership|publisher=Press Association|date=1996-12-17|last=Evans|first=Andrew|url=|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> During 1995, Beverley Ryall, a solicitor based in Chichester, was visited at midnight by a policewoman and by the head of the Church of Scientology's Bournemouth mission after a false tip-off that she was holding stolen documents in her house. She also reported a late night visit from Eugene Ingram. At that time Ryall was helping ex-scientologists in litigation against the Church.&lt;ref&gt;''Victims Who Are Fair Game'' Evening Argus [[1994-04-12]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/arg120494.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;palmer_intimidation&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult Accused of Intimidation|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1994-04-03|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt; She told a local paper, &quot;They have been harassing my clients and it is quite wrong. [...] They are just trying to intimidate me with Gestapo tactics.&quot; In response, a Scientology spokeswoman said that these allegations &quot;are made by people who are lamenting and crying because they have a guilty conscience.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult Using Gestapo Tactics Says Woman|publisher=Chichester Observer|date=1994-04-07|last=Hewitt|first=Phil}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> An American who moved to Britain, Bonnie Woods had been a member of the [[Sea Organisation]] but left Scientology in 1982. Since 1992, she and her husband Richard have run a telephone helpline for families affected by Scientology. Having been declared a [[Suppressive Person]], she had her house picketed and her family were put under surveillance. Private investigator Eugene Ingram persuaded a creditor of Richard Woods' failed building firm to accept free help from scientologists to pursue her money. As a result, the family were bankrupted.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology's Campaign Of Hate, By &quot;Cult Busters&quot;|publisher=The American|date=1998-03-06|last=Nicolova|first=Rossitsa|pages=5}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Having been a target of investigation by Eugene Ingram, Bonnie told a local paper, &quot;The biggest concern I have is for my children. Obviously I worry about their safety. I can never let them answer the phone or the door.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Escape route from Scientology has never been busier&quot; ''East Grinstead Courier'' [[1994-04-15]]&lt;/ref&gt; Scientologists spread leaflets around her [[East Grinstead]] neighbourhood calling her a &quot;hate campaigner&quot;. After six years of litigation, eventually reaching the [[High Court of Justice|High Court]], the Church of Scientology admitted that the claims were lies and paid damages and costs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists pay for libel|publisher=The Guardian|date=1999-06-09|last=Dyer|first=Clare|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/1999/jun/09/claredyer|accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Cult pays £155,000 over hate campaign'' Daily Mail [[1999-06-09]]&lt;/ref&gt; She told journalists that during the case she had been subjected to a &quot;level of harassment that most people would find intolerable&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=My victory joy after six year battle with cult|publisher=The Express|date=1999-06-09|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1995 a campaigning group was formed, calling itself Families Under Scientology Stress, to bring together ex-members and concerned families.&lt;ref&gt;''Making a FUSS over Scientology'' Evening Echo, Bournemouth [[1995-07-13]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;buss1995&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=New pressure group under fire from cult|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1995-07-14|last=Buss|first=Cathy|pages=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Two members of FUSS, Richard and Judy Price of Tonbridge in Kent, were amongst those who received threats of legal action from the Church's solicitor, accusing them of planning &quot;unlawful and tortuous acts&quot; against the Church. The Prices told a local newspaper that they were suffering &quot;harassment and intimidation&quot; including unsolicited visitors to their house late at night.&lt;ref name=&quot;buss1995&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=We Live In Fear: Cult threatens legal action over defamation|publisher=Tonbridge Courier|date=1995-07-14|last=Gow|first=Sheila}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Church of Scientology spread a rumour to the press that Richard Price was an [[alcoholic]], which he denied.&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> When [[Twenty Twenty Television]] made a documentary for national television called &quot;Inside the Cult&quot;, using undercover filming, the Church of Scientology took out an abusive private prosecution against the reporter, producer and production company, which was eventually thrown out.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologist's Court Case Thrown Out By Magistrates|publisher=UK Press Gazette |date=1995-09-25|last=Methven|first=Nicola|quote=City of London magistrates dismissed private prosecutions for theft brought by the Scientologists against Braund, producer Claudia Milne and Twenty Twenty Television as an abuse of process.}}&lt;/ref&gt; At around the same time, cars belonging to the team had their windows smashed in, and the reporter's mobile phone was cloned and used to run up huge bills. The staff said these events were part of a harassment campaign in response to their documentary, although no connection with Scientology was ever proven and the allegations were denied by the Church.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology film team targeted by vandals|publisher=East Grinstead Observer|date=1995-07-16|last=Harrison|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Cult-monitoring organisations have also been targeted. The Church of Scientology released a dossier about the UK's [[Cult Information Centre]] in 1997. This exposed personal financial details of its General Secretary, Ian Howarth and attempted to link him to a convicted criminal. Another dossier about FAIR ([[Family Action Information Resource]]) held lurid allegations about the sex life of an ex-official.&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Paul Bracchi was a journalist at local paper the [[Evening Argus]] and later at the national [[Daily Mail]]. He revealed in 2007 that after writing a series of investigative articles on the Church for the Evening Argus, he was subjected to a &quot;vicious smear campaign&quot; that included defamatory leaflets, threatening letters and faxes and an attempt to find his ex-directory telephone number. One of his sources was a scientologist who was suspected of stealing documents. According to Bracchi, the man had been kidnapped and taken to Saint Hill Manor to be interrogated and subsequently received a written [[Suppressive Person]] declare, confirming that he was Fair Game. After that, he and his partner received anonymous death threats almost daily until they moved away.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=&quot;Tom Cruise's Church of hate tried to destroy me&quot;|publisher=Daily Mail|date=2007-05-19|last=Bracchi|first=Paul|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/femail/article.html?in_article_id=455886&amp;in_page_id=1879|accessdate=2008-05-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1997, the makers of &quot;Secret Lives: L. Ron Hubbard&quot;, a biographical television documentary, reported various forms of harassment. Private detective Eugene Ingram visited friends and associates of members of the team, spreading rumours that they were involved in crimes including money-laundering. A scientologist agent phoned friends of the director and producer, posing as a member of a survey organisation and thereby tricking the phone contacts into revealing their addresses. Those who did were visited by private detectives. It is not known how the agent obtained the numbers that the programme makers had dialled from their private phones.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Detective on trail of TV pair|publisher=Daily Telegraph|date=1997-11-20|last=Uttley|first=Tom|pages=14|url=http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/dtl201197.html|accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> During the making of the programme, the crew said that they were trailed by private detectives in the United States and Canada as well as in England.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Why Channel 4 is haunted by Scientology|publisher=Independent on Sunday|date=1997-11-09|last=Blackhurst|first=Chris}}&lt;/ref&gt; A film crew calling itself &quot;Freedom TV&quot; made unannounced visits to the homes of the programme makers to film them.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Travolta begs Channel 4 not to attack Scientology|publisher=Independent on Sunday|date=1997-11-09|last=Blackhurst|first=Chris|url=|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> When the [[Panorama (TV series)|BBC Panorama]] television programme visited the USA in 2007 to film a documentary about the Church, Scientology representatives followed them and repeatedly harangued them. Unknown men also trailed the team, one even appearing at the wedding of reporter [[John Sweeney (journalist)|John Sweeney]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists to BBC: what planet are you on?|publisher=The Sunday Times|date=2007-05-13|last=Swinford|first=Steven|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article1782050.ece |accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;BBC 1 (TV) The Heaven and Earth Show with Gloria Hunniford [[2007-05-13]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=panorama&gt;{{cite episode | title = Scientology and Me | episodelink= Scientology and Me | series = Panorama | serieslink = Panorama (TV series) | airdate = 2007-05-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sweeney later complained of being &quot;chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers [...] In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing use of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> Despite the ostensible cancellation of &quot;Fair Game,&quot; the policy itself continues to present day. A series of court cases in England in the 1970s saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; being strongly criticised by senior judges, with (for instance) [[Robert Goff|Lord Justice Goff]] citing it to highlight what he described as the Church's &quot;deplorable means adopted to suppress inquiry or criticism.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Church of Scientology of California v. Kaufman (1973) RPC 635&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in other cases, Lord Justice Megaw discussed &quot;Fair Game&quot; at length and concluded that the plaintiffs (the Church) &quot;are or have been protecting their secrets by deplorable means&quot; and &quot;do not come with [[unclean hands|clean hands]] to this court in asking the court to protect those secrets&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/vosper.html Hubbard and another v Vosper and another] (1971)&lt;/ref&gt;, and Lord Justice Stephenson noted &quot;the policy letter of 1st October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/dhss.html Church of Scientology of California v Department of Health and Social Security and others] (All England Law Reports (1979), vol. 3)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> It later emerged that &quot;Fair Game&quot; had actually continued in use until at least 1980, despite its cancellation, and there have been frequent allegations that it has remained in force since then. During the 1970s the [[Guardian's Office]] (GO) of the Church of Scientology, headed by Hubbard's wife [[Mary Sue Hubbard|Mary Sue]], conducted a wide-ranging and systematic series of espionage and intimidation operations against perceived enemies of Scientology. (See [[Operation Freakout]] for a noteworthy example.)<br /> <br /> The doctrine of &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a central element of the GO's operational policies. The original &quot;cancelled&quot; Fair Game policy is listed as a reference for GO staff in its confidential ''Intelligence Course'', &lt;ref&gt;Guardian Order, ''Confidential - Intelligence Course'', 9 September 1974, p.18&lt;/ref&gt; which was later entered into evidence in a US Federal court case in 1979. &lt;ref&gt;''United States vs. Mary Sue Hubbard et al.'', 493 F. Supp. 209, (D.D.C. 1979)&lt;/ref&gt; During the case Church lawyers admitted that the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy had continued to be put into effect long after its supposed cancellation in 1968. Indeed, according to an ''[[American Lawyer]]'' investigation, &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics had been used to force the withdrawal of the presiding judge in an attempt to &quot;throw&quot; the case. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/media/am-lawyer-1980.html Scientology's War Against Judges]&quot;, ''American Lawyer'', December 1980&lt;/ref&gt; As the US Government's attorneys put it,<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Defendants, through one of their attorneys, have stated that the fair game policy continued in effect well after the indictment in this case and the conviction of the first nine co-defendants. Defendants claim that the policy was abrogated by the Church's Board of Directors in late July or early August, 1980, only after the defendants' personal attack on [[Charles Richey|Judge Richey]].&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Sentencing Memorandum of the United States of America, Mary Sue Hubbard et al, Criminal Case No. 78-401, 3 December 1979&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The abrogation mentioned above was issued in a policy letter of 22 July 1980, &quot;Ethics, Cancellation of Fair Game, more about&quot;, issued by the Boards of Directors of the Churches of Scientology. However, this cancellation was itself cancelled in a subsequent HCO Policy Letter of 8 September 1983, &quot;Cancellation of Issues on Suppressive Acts and PTSes&quot;, which cancelled a number of HCOPLs on the ground that they &quot;were not written by the Founder [Hubbard]&quot;. In two subsequent court cases the Church defended &quot;Fair Game&quot; as a &quot;core practice of Scientology&quot;, and claimed that it was therefore protected as &quot;religious expression&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;Frank K. Flinn testimony in Church of Scientology of California, 1984, vol.23, pp.4032-4160&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Since then, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicky Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> :Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth. &lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Further policy modifications===<br /> The current policy on the handling of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; was promulgated in 1991. &lt;ref&gt;HCO Policy Letter of 23 December 1965RB, revised 8 January 1991, ''Suppressive Acts Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists''&lt;/ref&gt; It does not include the words &quot;Fair Game&quot;, but sets out the type of acts considered to be &quot;suppressive&quot; and spells out how to deal with such situations. It concludes with this statement:<br /> :Nothing in this policy letter shall ever or under any circumstances justify any violation of the laws of the land or intentional legal wrongs. Any such offense shall subject the offender to penalties prescribed by law as well as to ethics and justice actions.<br /> Critics have noted that this does not exclude the possibility of what might be termed &quot;legal but unethical&quot; actions such as the so-called &quot;dead agenting&quot; tactics of which the Church has often been accused. While the term &quot;fair game&quot; is not included in any publicly disclosed and current Church policy, critics of the Church have often charged that it continues to attack its perceived enemies relentlessly through any means possible. [http://www.lermanet.com/persecution/]<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#&quot;Dead agenting&quot;|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> * [[Keeping Scientology Working]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: [http://www.lermanet.com/cos/aujurist.html &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;], ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[9 June]], [[1999]]<br /> *Fair Gamed Web Site, [http://www.fairgamed.org/ Some victims of Scientology's Fair Game Policy]<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]<br /> <br /> [[es:Fair Game (Cienciología)]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598406 Church of Spiritual Technology 2008-09-22T13:57:32Z <p>AndroidCat: Neutral wording</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Organization<br /> |image = ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg<br /> |size = 200px<br /> |caption = Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology<br /> |name = Church of Spiritual Technology<br /> |formation = 1993<br /> |type = Owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]] <br /> |status = Non-profit<br /> |purpose = <br /> |headquarters = [[Hemet, California]], [[USA]]<br /> |leader_title = Chairman of [[Religious Technology Center]] <br /> |leader_name = [[David Miscavige]]<br /> |num_staff = <br /> |num_volunteers =<br /> |budget = <br /> |website = <br /> |remarks =<br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' (CST) is a [[Californian]] 501(c)(3) [[non-profit corporation]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:IRS-recog-letter-CoS.pdf Letter by the Internal Revenue Service to Flemming Paludan, Regional Director, Danish Tax-Office, Washington, D.C., USA, December 22nd, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;. It was incorporated in 1982. This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. This organization receives its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.asirights.com/asi.html Author Services, Inc. (ASI) representing the literary, theatrical and musical works of L. Ron Hubbard&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In a 1993 memorandum by the [[Church of Scientology International]], the role and function of CST has been described as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;[...] CST [...] is an autonomous church of the Scientology religion outside of the international Scientology ecclesiastical hierarchy. CST conducts an extensive program of activities to preserve and archive the Scientology Scriptures for use by future generations. CST also owns the option to acquire RTC's rights to the Scientology advance[d] technology and religious marks under three narrowly defined sets of circumstances, each of which contemplates a serious threat to continued existence of the religion. CST is the principal beneficiary of Mr. Hubbard's estate, provided that it obtains recognition of its tax-exempt status. [...]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Summary_Description_CST-AT-ASI.pdf Summary Description of Other Scientology Organizations - CST (Church of Spiritual Technology), Author's Family Trust, ASI (Author Services Inc.) - CSI Prod. 11-4-93, Bate Stamp: 151412 - 151413, Ex. 1-8, Washington, DC 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> == Corporate Information ==<br /> <br /> '''Basic Information'''<br /> <br /> The Church of Spiritual Technology (CST) was [[incorporated]] by Sherman Lenske in Woodland Hills, [[California]] on May 27th, 1982&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Incorporation-CST.pdf Articles of Incorporation of Church of Spiritual Technology, Endorsed Filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the Sate of California, Woodland Hills, California, May 27th, 28th &amp; June 1st, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;. The [[Bylaws]] of CST were signed on June 7th, 1982 by its General and Special [[Board of directors|Directors]], who were at that time Lyman Spurlock, Rebecca Pook, Maria Starkey, Stephen A. Lenske, Sherman D. Lenske and Lawrence A. Heller&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Bylaws-CST.pdf Bylaws of Church of Spiritual Technology, California, June 7th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;. In 1986, CST's [[Articles of Incorporation]] were [[amended]] to clarify the &quot;[[disposition]] of the [[corporation|corporation's]] [[assets]] upon [[dissolution]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Amended_Articles_of_Incorporation_CST.pdf Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation - Church of Spiritual Technology, Endorsed filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of California, Bate Stamp: 02008 - 02009, California, April 9th, May 13th &amp; 14th, 1986]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> On August 18th, 1993, CST filed an application for [[tax exemption]] under section [[501(c)#501(c)(3)|501(c)(3)]] of the [[Internal Revenue Code]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Application-501-CST.pdf Form 1023 - Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code - Church of Spiritual Technology, Washington, DC, August 18th, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;. The [[Internal Revenue Service]] granted CST's request for exemption through an official recognition letter on October 1st, 1993&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:IRS-Recognition-Letter-CST.pdf Recognition Letter for 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status - Church of Spiritual Technology, Washington, DC, October 1st, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> At the time of the filing for [[tax exemption]], the following individuals held [[corporate]] positions at CST: The [[Board of Trustees]] was composed of John Allcock, David Lantz and Russell Bellin. Thomas Vorm, Russell Bellin and Catherine Schmidt formed the [[Board of Directors]]. CST's [[President]] was Russell Bellin, its [[Vice-President]] Thomas Vorm, its [[Secretary]] Jane McNairn and its [[Treasurer]] Catherine Schmidt&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Application-501-CST.pdf Form 1023 - Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code - Church of Spiritual Technology, Washington, DC, August 18th, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> '''Licensing of Trademarks &amp; Service Marks'''<br /> <br /> The existence and founding of CST is intimately connected to the creation of the [[Religious Technology Center]], which was incorporated on January 1st, 1982. Shortly after its inception, RTC received on May 16th 1982 &quot;the ownership, supervision and control&quot; of the [[trademarks]] and [[service marks]], identifying &quot;Scientology applied religious philosophy&quot; and &quot;Dianetics spiritual healing technology&quot; by the originator and founder of Scientology, [[L. Ron Hubbard]] through a so-called &quot;[[Assignment]] [[Agreement]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Assignment-RTC.pdf &quot;Assignment Agreement (LRH/RTC) (Marks)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Religious Technology Center, County of Los Angeles, California, May 16th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> This agreement was subject to an additional &quot;[[Option]] Agreement&quot; between Hubbard, RTC and CST. In two so-called &quot;Option Agreements&quot; from May 1982, Hubbard granted CST the right to purchase at any time from RTC the &quot;Marks&quot;, the &quot;Advanced Technology&quot; and all the rights to them for the sum of $ 100&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Option-Agreement-LRH-CST.pdf &quot;Option Agreement (Marks)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Church of Spiritual Technology, County of Los Angeles, California, May 10th, 1982/July 9th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Option-Agreement-LRH-CST-AT.pdf Option Agreement (Advanced Technology-U.S.) - Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Church of Spiritual Technology, California, May 10th &amp; July 9th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Parallel and similar sounding agreements between Hubbard, RTC and CST were created during that period concerning the so-called &quot;Advanced Technology,&quot; which consists of unpublished derivates of Scientology's confidential &quot;Advanced technology&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Assignment-Agreement-LRH-RTC-AT.pdf &quot;Assignment Agreement (LRH/RTC) (Advanced Technology - US)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Religious Technology Center, Los Angeles, California, May 10th &amp; 16th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Under these agreements, RTC is forced to turn over 90 % of its net income to CST. A document from 1991, reflecting the &quot;financial money flows&quot; of RTC during the year 1989, actually showed a turnover of 59 % of RTC's net income towards CST&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Analysis-Financial-Flows-RTC.pdf &quot;Religious Technology Center - Analysis of Financial Flows 1989&quot;, Exhibit I-9 for Application for Tax-Exempt Status 501(c)(3), Bate Stamp: CSI Prod 11-4-93 151414]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Other examples of [[trademarks]] and [[service marks]], which are owned by CST are [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol. As such, CST operates as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.twth.org/reprinting/files/reprint-instructions.pdf | title = How to obtain permission to reprint The Way to Happiness booklets | accessdate = 2006-12-02 | publisher = The Way to Happiness Foundation International}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Archives==<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Bob | last = Henderson | title = Vault to get Hubbard's writings | url = http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/50647275.html?dids=50647275:50647275&amp;FMT=FT&amp;FMTS=ABS:FT | work = | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1991-07-25]] | accessdate = 2007-12-12 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late 1980s.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structure==<br /> The very first time the Church of Spiritual Technology was mentioned publicly to scientologists by COB RTC David Miscavige in 2000 on the New Year's event. &lt;ref&gt;[http://freezone.najbjerg.info/dokumenter/the-new-year-2000-event?set_language=en New Year 2000 event speech excerpt, by D.Miscavige]&lt;/ref&gt; Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ Faculty | UW School of Law&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), as well as the Scientologist general directors and staff, the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS - United States Claims Court, June 29 1992&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[[Scientology]]<br /> *[[Dianetics]]<br /> *[[Church of Scientology]]<br /> *[[Religious Technology Center]]<br /> *[[Church of Scientology International]]<br /> *[[List of Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> * [http://sc-i-r-s-ology.wikiscientology.org/ http://sc-i-r-s-ology.wikiscientology.org] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> [[ru:Церковь духовной технологии]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598405 Church of Spiritual Technology 2008-09-16T04:48:49Z <p>AndroidCat: I don&#039;t think CST has a web site, certainly not CCHR&#039;s pasted one</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Organization<br /> |image = ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg<br /> |size = 200px<br /> |caption = Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology<br /> |name = Church of Spiritual Technology<br /> |formation = 1993<br /> |type = Owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]] <br /> |status = Non-profit<br /> |purpose = <br /> |headquarters = [[Hemet, California]], [[USA]]<br /> |leader_title = Chairman of [[Religious Technology Center]] <br /> |leader_name = [[David Miscavige]]<br /> |num_staff = <br /> |num_volunteers =<br /> |budget = <br /> |website = <br /> |remarks =<br /> }}<br /> <br /> The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' (CST) is a [[Californian]] 501(c)(3) [[non-profit corporation]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:IRS-recog-letter-CoS.pdf Letter by the Internal Revenue Service to Flemming Paludan, Regional Director, Danish Tax-Office, Washington, D.C., USA, December 22nd, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;. It was incorporated in 1982. This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. This church receives its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.asirights.com/asi.html Author Services, Inc. (ASI) representing the literary, theatrical and musical works of L. Ron Hubbard&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In a 1993 memorandum by the [[Church of Scientology International]], the role and function of CST has been described as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;[...] CST [...] is an autonomous church of the Scientology religion outside of the international Scientology ecclesiastical hierarchy. CST conducts an extensive program of activities to preserve and archive the Scientology Scriptures for use by future generations. CST also owns the option to acquire RTC's rights to the Scientology advance[d] technology and religious marks under three narrowly defined sets of circumstances, each of which contemplates a serious threat to continued existence of the religion. CST is the principal beneficiary of Mr. Hubbard's estate, provided that it obtains recognition of its tax-exempt status. [...]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Summary_Description_CST-AT-ASI.pdf Summary Description of Other Scientology Organizations - CST (Church of Spiritual Technology), Author's Family Trust, ASI (Author Services Inc.) - CSI Prod. 11-4-93, Bate Stamp: 151412 - 151413, Ex. 1-8, Washington, DC 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> == Corporate Information ==<br /> <br /> '''Basic Information'''<br /> <br /> The Church of Spiritual Technology (CST) was [[incorporated]] by Sherman Lenske in Woodland Hills, [[California]] on May 27th, 1982&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Incorporation-CST.pdf Articles of Incorporation of Church of Spiritual Technology, Endorsed Filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the Sate of California, Woodland Hills, California, May 27th, 28th &amp; June 1st, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;. The [[Bylaws]] of CST were signed on June 7th, 1982 by its General and Special [[Board of directors|Directors]], who were at that time Lyman Spurlock, Rebecca Pook, Maria Starkey, Stephen A. Lenske, Sherman D. Lenske and Lawrence A. Heller&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Bylaws-CST.pdf Bylaws of Church of Spiritual Technology, California, June 7th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;. In 1986, CST's [[Articles of Incorporation]] were [[amended]] to clarify the &quot;[[disposition]] of the [[corporation|corporation's]] [[assets]] upon [[dissolution]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Amended_Articles_of_Incorporation_CST.pdf Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation - Church of Spiritual Technology, Endorsed filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of California, Bate Stamp: 02008 - 02009, California, April 9th, May 13th &amp; 14th, 1986]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> On August 18th, 1993, CST filed an application for [[tax exemption]] under section [[501(c)#501(c)(3)|501(c)(3)]] of the [[Internal Revenue Code]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Application-501-CST.pdf Form 1023 - Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code - Church of Spiritual Technology, Washington, DC, August 18th, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;. The [[Internal Revenue Service]] granted CST's request for exemption through an official recognition letter on October 1st, 1993&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:IRS-Recognition-Letter-CST.pdf Recognition Letter for 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status - Church of Spiritual Technology, Washington, DC, October 1st, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> At the time of the filing for [[tax exemption]], the following individuals held [[corporate]] positions at CST: The [[Board of Trustees]] was composed of John Allcock, David Lantz and Russell Bellin. Thomas Vorm, Russell Bellin and Catherine Schmidt formed the [[Board of Directors]]. CST's [[President]] was Russell Bellin, its [[Vice-President]] Thomas Vorm, its [[Secretary]] Jane McNairn and its [[Treasurer]] Catherine Schmidt&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Application-501-CST.pdf Form 1023 - Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code - Church of Spiritual Technology, Washington, DC, August 18th, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> '''Licensing of Trademarks &amp; Service Marks'''<br /> <br /> The existence and founding of CST is intimately connected to the creation of the [[Religious Technology Center]], which was incorporated on January 1st, 1982. Shortly after its inception, RTC received on May 16th 1982 &quot;the ownership, supervision and control&quot; of the [[trademarks]] and [[service marks]], identifying &quot;Scientology applied religious philosophy&quot; and &quot;Dianetics spiritual healing technology&quot; by the originator and founder of Scientology, [[L. Ron Hubbard]] through a so-called &quot;[[Assignment]] [[Agreement]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Assignment-RTC.pdf &quot;Assignment Agreement (LRH/RTC) (Marks)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Religious Technology Center, County of Los Angeles, California, May 16th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> This agreement was subject to an additional &quot;[[Option]] Agreement&quot; between Hubbard, RTC and CST. In two so-called &quot;Option Agreements&quot; from May 1982, Hubbard granted CST the right to purchase at any time from RTC the &quot;Marks&quot;, the &quot;Advanced Technology&quot; and all the rights to them for the sum of $ 100&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Option-Agreement-LRH-CST.pdf &quot;Option Agreement (Marks)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Church of Spiritual Technology, County of Los Angeles, California, May 10th, 1982/July 9th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Option-Agreement-LRH-CST-AT.pdf Option Agreement (Advanced Technology-U.S.) - Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Church of Spiritual Technology, California, May 10th &amp; July 9th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Parallel and similar sounding agreements between Hubbard, RTC and CST were created during that period concerning the so-called &quot;Advanced Technology,&quot; which consists of unpublished derivates of Scientology's confidential &quot;Advanced technology&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Assignment-Agreement-LRH-RTC-AT.pdf &quot;Assignment Agreement (LRH/RTC) (Advanced Technology - US)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Religious Technology Center, Los Angeles, California, May 10th &amp; 16th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Under these agreements, RTC is forced to turn over 90 % of its net income to CST. A document from 1991, reflecting the &quot;financial money flows&quot; of RTC during the year 1989, actually showed a turnover of 59 % of RTC's net income towards CST&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Analysis-Financial-Flows-RTC.pdf &quot;Religious Technology Center - Analysis of Financial Flows 1989&quot;, Exhibit I-9 for Application for Tax-Exempt Status 501(c)(3), Bate Stamp: CSI Prod 11-4-93 151414]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Other examples of [[trademarks]] and [[service marks]], which are owned by CST are [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol. As such, CST operates as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.twth.org/reprinting/files/reprint-instructions.pdf | title = How to obtain permission to reprint The Way to Happiness booklets | accessdate = 2006-12-02 | publisher = The Way to Happiness Foundation International}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Archives==<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Bob | last = Henderson | title = Vault to get Hubbard's writings | url = http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/50647275.html?dids=50647275:50647275&amp;FMT=FT&amp;FMTS=ABS:FT | work = | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1991-07-25]] | accessdate = 2007-12-12 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late 1980s.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structure==<br /> The very first time the Church of Spiritual Technology was mentioned publicly to scientologists by COB RTC David Miscavige in 2000 on the New Year's event. &lt;ref&gt;[http://freezone.najbjerg.info/dokumenter/the-new-year-2000-event?set_language=en New Year 2000 event speech excerpt, by D.Miscavige]&lt;/ref&gt; Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ Faculty | UW School of Law&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), as well as the Scientologist general directors and staff, the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS - United States Claims Court, June 29 1992&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[[Scientology]]<br /> *[[Dianetics]]<br /> *[[Church of Scientology]]<br /> *[[Religious Technology Center]]<br /> *[[Church of Scientology International]]<br /> *[[List of Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> * [http://sc-i-r-s-ology.wikiscientology.org/ http://sc-i-r-s-ology.wikiscientology.org] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> [[ru:Церковь духовной технологии]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738458 Fair Game (Scientology) 2008-09-11T17:59:46Z <p>AndroidCat: /* Ongoing aggressive policy */ Olberon&#039;s text starts with the assumption that those sites are incorrect</p> <hr /> <div>The term '''Fair Game''' is used to describe various aggressive policies and practices carried out by the [[Church of Scientology]] towards people and groups it perceives as its enemies.<br /> <br /> ==Predecessors of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> <br /> In written policies dating from as early as the mid-1950s, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]] told his followers to take a punitive line towards perceived opponents. In 1955, he wrote &quot;the law can be used very easily to harass&amp;nbsp;... The purpose of the suit is to harass and discourage, rather than to win – if possible, of course, ruin [the target] utterly&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, &quot;The Scientologist - A Manual on the Dissemination of Material&quot;, reprinted in The Technical Bulletins of Dianetics and Scientology volume 2, pp.151-171, 1979 printing&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> His confidential ''Manual of Justice'' of 1959 advocated using private investigators, as critics were invariably &quot;found to be members of the Communist Party or criminals, usually both. The smell of police or private detectives caused them to fly, to close down, to confess.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard (1959) ''[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/man_just.htm Manual of Justice]'', page 5&lt;/ref&gt; In a very similar vein, he advised that &quot;If attacked on some vulnerable point by anyone or anything or any organization, always find or manufacture enough threat against them to cause them to sue for peace.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard, &quot;Dept of Government Affairs&quot;, Hubbard Communication Office Policy Letter of [[15 August]] [[1960]]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Fair Game Law==<br /> <br /> In 1965 Hubbard formulated the '''&quot;Fair Game Law&quot;''', which states how to deal with people who interfere with Scientology's activities. These problematic people, called [[Suppressive Person|suppressive persons]], could be considered &quot;fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist.&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard, Hubbard Communication Office Policy Letter 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot; [[1965-03-01]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year, Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL [[2 April]] [[1965]], &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed.&lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> When a man named Peter Goodwin in Hampshire, England purchased a high-level Scientology course for £250 and resold it to friends for £50, Hubbard personally issued an Ethics order which &quot;withdrew any future help from Goodwin and his associates, (presumably for eternity), and threatened the most dire retaliations.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Vosper, Cyril. ''The Mind Benders'', Herts: Mayflower Books, 1973. p. 109&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> An Ethics Order dating from [[March 6]] [[1968]], issued by L. Ron Hubbard aboard his boat the Royal Scotsman, lists twelve scientologists who were accused of distributing altered versions of upper level technology. Hubbard writes &quot;They are fair game. No amnesty may ever cover them. [...] Any Sea Org member contacting them is to use [[R2-45|Auditing Process R2-45]].&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite paper | author=L. Ron Hubbard | title=HCO ETHICS ORDER | date=[[1968-03-06]] | version=No. 30 INT | publisher = Advanced Organisation Yacht Royal Scotman, via U.S. Dist. Court. S.D. of N.Y. | url=http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/cult/hco-ethics-order-30.html | accessdate=2006-06-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Racket Exposed&quot;, ''The Auditor'', issue 37, 1968. [http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/cult/auditor37.html Excerpt]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellation of the term &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard canceled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''.&lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> This letter states that it cancels only the use of the term &quot;fair game&quot; for its &quot;bad PR&quot; effect, and not the policy on the treatment of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; in question.<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard said in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> <br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a license to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of [[22 March]] [[1976]], quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing aggressive policy==<br /> <br /> Critical authors such as [[Jon Atack]] and websites such as [[Operation Clambake]] read the wording of HCOPL 21 Oct 68 to assert that the practices outlined in HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV have been canceled in name only.&lt;ref name=Atack&gt;[http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html Jon Atack - General report on Scientology&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/fairgame-e.html Operation Clambake: Fair Game]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Church has indeed retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies,&lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Ultra&gt;{{cite web | first = Douglas | last = Frantz | title = An Ultra-Aggressive Use of Investigators and the Courts | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F01E3D71639F93AA35750C0A961958260&amp;sec=&amp;spon=&amp;pagewanted=all | work = [[New York Times]]| date = [[1997-03-09]] | accessdate = 2008-04-01 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and argued as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Apart from critics, several judges and juries have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics and penalties described in the October 1967 Policy Letter continued beyond both Hubbard's July 1968 Policy Letter canceling these penalties, and beyond his October 1968 order canceling the use of the term Fair Game.&lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-29]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written ... But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Atack /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/latey.html Judgment by Mr. Justice Latey, Royal Courts of Justice 23rd July, 1984]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For example, Lord Justice Stephenson, in the judgement in ''Church of Scientology of California'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979], declined to order [[discovery (law)|discovery]] in favour of the Church of Scientology on the grounds that there was a real risk of harassment of the persons named in the documents:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;I have carefully considered the documents to which we have been referred and some to which we have not. I am satisfied by my consideration of the documents that there is a real risk that all three categories of documents may be misused, ie not for legitimate purposes of the action but for harassment of individual patients, informants and renegades named in them, not only by proceedings for defamation against them but by threats and blackmail, and that they may be distributed to those in other parts of this worldwide organisation who may misuse them in the same way.<br /> <br /> I am thinking chiefly of the 'fair game law' against suppressive persons expounded in the HCO policy letter of 1 March 1965 and referred to in the particulars, and the policy letter of 21 October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&lt;ref&gt;''CoS'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979] 3 All ER 97&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recent events==<br /> In recent years, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, Vicki Aznaran, who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth.&lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Court cases involving &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> ===The case of L. Gene Allard, 1976===<br /> <br /> In 1976, the Church was found legally liable for the malicious prosecution of an ex-Scientologist named L. Gene Allard who left Scientology in 1969 and was then charged with grand theft. The charge was dismissed, and Allard sued the Church. Exhibit 1 of the trial introduced into evidence the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy statements, and Allard was awarded $50,000 in compensatory damages and $250,000 in punitive damages. The Church argued on appeal that introduction of the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy statements was prejudicial error and that allowing the judgment stand would constitute a violation of their free exercise of religion. The appellate court, however, found that the evidence was relevant, and that it &quot;well supports the jury's implied conclusion... that those witnesses who were Scientologists or had been Scientologists were following the policy of the church and lying to, suing and attempting to destroy respondent.&quot; The court also noted: &quot;The trial court gave appellant almost the entire trial within which to produce evidence that the fair game policy had been repealed. Appellant failed to do so, and the trial court thereafter permitted the admission of Exhibit 1 into evidence.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Allard v. Church of Scientology, 58 Cal.App.3d 439 (Cal. App. 2d Dist. 1976)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===The case of Lawrence Wollersheim, 1980===<br /> In a long and contentious trial, [[Lawrence Wollersheim]], a former Scientologist, alleged that he had been harassed and his business nearly destroyed as a result of &quot;fair game&quot; measures. During appeals, the Church again claimed &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and was thus constitutionally protected &quot;religious expression&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology, 212 Cal. App. 3d 872 (Cal. App. 2d Dist. 1989)&lt;/ref&gt;. That claim was denied by the appellate court on [[July 18]], [[1989]]. After over 20 years of legal wrangling, the Church of Scientology paid Wollersheim the amount of the judgement, plus interest: $8,674,643. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Richard |last=Leiby |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&amp;contentId=A63143-2002May9 |title=Ex-Scientologist Collects $8.7 Million In 22-Year-Old Case |work=[[The Washington Post]] |page=A03 |date=[[2002-05-10]] |accessdate=2006-06-13 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===The case of Jakob Anderson, 1981===<br /> In the March 11-16, 1981, Danish court case of Jakob Anderson vs The Church Of Scientology of Denmark, ex-Guardian's Office operative Vibeke Dammon testified that the Church did in fact practice Fair Game and had done so in Anderson's case, in an attempt to get Anderson committed to a psychiatric hospital.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}<br /> <br /> ===The case of Gerald Armstrong, 1984===<br /> In 1980, Scientologist and [[Sea Org]] officer [[Gerry Armstrong (activist)|Gerry Armstrong]] was assigned to organize some of Hubbard's personal papers as the basis for a biography of Hubbard. Omar Garrison, a non-Scientologist known to be sympathetic to Scientology, was hired to write the biography. Both Armstrong and Garrison quickly realized that the papers reflected unfavorably on Hubbard, and revealed that many of Hubbard's claimed accomplishments were exaggerations or outright fabrications. Garrison abandoned the project, and a disillusioned Armstrong and his wife left the Church, retaining copies of the embarrassing materials as insurance against the expected harassment to come.&lt;ref name = Millions&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert | last = Lindsey | title = Scientology chief got millions, ex-aides say | url = http://www.lermanet.com/scientologynews/nytimes/scientology-chief-got-millions-071184.html | work = | publisher = New York Times | date = [[1984-07-11]] | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Armstrong was sued by the Church in 1982 for the theft of private documents. The &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy became an issue in court. Armstrong won the case, in part because the Judge ruled that Armstrong, as a Scientologist of long standing, knew that fair game was practiced, and had good reason to believe that possession of these papers would be necessary to defend himself against illegal persecution by the Church.&lt;ref name=mind&gt;{{cite web | first = Joel | last = Sappell | coauthors = Welkos, Robert W. | title = The Mind Behind the Religon | url = http://www.latimes.com/la-scientology062490,0,7104164,full.story | work = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-24]] | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In a scathing decision, Judge Paul Breckenridge wrote:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;In addition to violating and abusing its own members' civil-rights, the organization over the years with its &quot;Fair Game&quot; doctrine has harassed and abused those persons not in the Church whom it perceives as enemies. The organization clearly is schizophrenic and paranoid, and the bizarre combination seems to be a reflection of its founder LRH. The evidence portrays a man who has been virtually a pathological liar when it comes to his history, background, and achievements&amp;nbsp;... In determining whether the defendant unreasonably invaded Mrs. Hubbard's privacy, the court is satisfied the invasion was slight, and the reasons and justification for the defendant's conduct manifest. Defendant was told by Scientology to get an attorney. He was declared an enemy by the Church. He believed, reasonably, that he was subject to &quot;fair game.&quot; The only way he could defend himself, his integrity, and his wife was to take that which was available to him and place it in a safe harbor, to wit, his lawyer's custody. (Judge Paul Breckenridge, Los Angeles Superior Court, June 20, 1984)&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> During the trial, the Church hired Frank K. Flynn, an adjunct professor of comparative religions, to write a report arguing that Fair Game was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and thus should be considered a constitutionally protected activity.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}<br /> <br /> ===Operation Freakout, 1976===<br /> In [[Operation Freakout]], the cult of Scientology attempted to eliminate journalist and writer Paulette Cooper via having her imprisoned, killing her or pushing her to commit suicide, or having her committed to a mental institution as revenge for her publication in 1971 of a highly critical book, [[The Scandal of Scientology]]. The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] discovered documentary evidence of the plot and the preceding campaign of harassment during an investigation into the Church of Scientology in 1977, eventually leading to the Church compensating Cooper in an out-of-court settlement.<br /> <br /> ==History of Fair Game in the UK==<br /> In the UK, targets of Fair Game and related harassment over the years have included ex-members, authors, journalists, broadcasters, the mental health profession, cult-monitoring groups, government and law enforcement.<br /> <br /> Maurice William Johnson was a scientologist who resigned in June 1966 and successfully sued for his money back. He told a court that after leaving he had received over 100 abusive letters, many of them using violent language. An article in &quot;The Auditor&quot;, a Scientology publication, was produced to the court, stating outright that Johnson was &quot;fair game&quot; and describing him as &quot;an enemy of mankind, the planets and all life.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology is slammed in court as &quot;evil cult&quot;|publisher=East Grinstead Observer|date=1968-06-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology &quot;brainwash': JP's comment as ex-student is cleared of theft|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1968-06-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Documents seized by the [[FBI]] in raids on the Church's US headquarters in July 1977 listed some operations against their British enemies. An agent had been sent to investigate Sir John Foster, author of the [[Foster Report|official UK Government inquiry into Scientology]], in an attempt to link him to [[Paulette Cooper]], author of [[The Scandal of Scientology]] and victim of [[Operation Freakout]]. The documents showed that [[Lord Balniel]], who had requested the official inquiry, was also a target. Hubbard had written, &quot;get a detective on that lord's past to unearth the tit-bits&quot;. A memo from Jane Kember, the Church's [[Saint Hill Manor|Saint Hill]]-based &quot;Guardian&quot; (or worldwide head of intelligence) reported that agents had got hold of a [[Metropolitan Police]] report on the Church. She asked for related documents so that a lawsuit against the police could be &quot;mocked up&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;dirtytricks1980&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Snow White's dirty tricks|publisher=The Guardian|date=1980-02-07|last=Beresford|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> According to a memo of [[6 May]] [[1971]], Hubbard blamed the [[Mind (charity)|National Association for Mental Health (NAMH)]] and [[World Federation for Mental Health]] for attacks on Scientology and named Mary Appleby, secretary of the NAMH, as the ultimate source.&lt;ref name=&quot;dirtytricks1980&quot; /&gt; Starting in 1969, the NAMH was the target of a mass infiltration campaign by [[Scientologists]] who tried to take over key offices and change the organisation's policy on [[psychiatry]]. The large numbers of new membership applications just before a deadline raised the suspicion of the existing members and led to a mass explusion. The [[Church of Scientology]] sued unsuccessfully in an attempt to get their members reinstated.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Rolph, C. H.|title=[[Believe What You Like]]: What happened between the Scientologists and the National Association for Mental Health|date=1973|publisher=Andre Deutsch Limited|isbn=0-233-96375-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Kenneth Robinson]], a Minister for Health, had attributed Scientology's success to its targeting &quot;the weak, the unbalanced, the immature, the rootless and mentally and emotionally unstable&quot; and said its practices were &quot;a potential menace to the personality and well-being of those so deluded as to become its followers&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Bid to Muzzle Us Fails|publisher=News of the World|date=1969-05-04|last=Warren|first=Robert}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;David Lancashire ''&quot;Largest Mental Health Institution&quot; Becomes Storm Center in Britain'' Iowa City Press-Citizen. [[1968-09-11]] Online at http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/19680911-iowacitypresscitizen.html Retrieved on 2008-03-05&lt;/ref&gt; Scientology publications titled &quot;Freedom Scientology&quot;, &quot;Freedom and Scientology&quot; and &quot;Freedom&quot; conducted a libel campaign against him, beginning in 1968. According to these newsletters, he was responsible for creating &quot;death camps&quot; to which innocent people were being kidnapped to be killed or maimed at will. Robinson successfully sued for libel, prompting a total retraction and substantial damages.&lt;ref&gt;''Church of Scientology to pay libel damages to former Minister'' The Times [[1973-06-06]] Online at http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/19730606-thetimes.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Roy Wallis]] was the author of &quot;The Road to Total Freedom: A Sociological Analysis of Scientology&quot;, first published in 1976. After the publication of the book, a Scientology agent visited Stirling University where Wallis was teaching and tried to get him to implicate himself in the drug scene. Subsequently, forged letters apparently from Wallis were sent to his colleagues implicating him in scandalous activities including a homosexual love affair.&lt;ref&gt;Roy Wallis (1977) &quot;The Moral Career of the Research Project&quot; in Colin Bell and Howard Newby (Eds) ''Doing Sociological Research'' London: Allen and Unwin. ISBN 0029023505&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Stewart Lamont (1986) ''Religion Inc.: The Church of Scientology'' London: Harrap. ISBN 0-245-54334-1. page 87&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Journalist [[Russell Miller]] wrote a biography of [[L. Ron Hubbard]] entitled &quot;[[Bare-Faced Messiah]]&quot;, which was published in 1987. He was spied on while researching the book in the USA, and his friends and business associates received visits from scientologists and private detectives. Attempts were made to frame him for the murder of a London private detective, the murder of singer [[Dean Reed]] in East Berlin and a fire in an aircraft factory.&lt;ref&gt;Robert W. Welkos &quot;Shudder into silence: The Church of Scientology doesn't take kindly to negative coverage&quot; ''The Quill'', November/December 1991&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;punch&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=See you in court|publisher=Punch|date=1988-02-19|last=Miller|first=Russell|pages=46}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult threatens to sue on book|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-11-01|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Hounded by the church of stars and hype|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1997-01-19|last=Driscoll|first=Margarette|coauthors=Haynes, Steven}}&lt;/ref&gt; Senior executives at publishers Michael Joseph, and at the [[Sunday Times]], which serialised the book, received threatening phone calls and also a visit from private investigator Eugene Ingram, who worked for the Church.&lt;ref name=&quot;stimes_dirty&quot; /&gt; Another private investigator, Jarl Grieve Einar Cynewulf, told Sunday Times journalists that he had been offered &quot;large sums of money&quot; to find a link between Miller and the [[CIA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult's private detective fires at journalists|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-11-08|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Church unsuccessfully tried for an injunction against Miller and Penguin Books to stop the book being published; a move that the judge described as &quot;both mischievous and misconceived&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stimes_dirty&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists In Dirty Campaign To Stop Book|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-10-18|pages=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;punch&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1988, Scientology-connected group the [[Citizens Commission on Human Rights]] conducted a defamation campaign against [[Martin Roth|Professor Sir Martin Roth]], a [[Cambridge University]] professor of [[psychiatry]]. Material provided by the CCHR falsely alleged that experiments run by Professor Roth had damaged patients' brains with huge doses of [[LSD]], led to more than 20 deaths in an Australian hospital, and maimed human subjects in Canada. The Newcastle Times, which had published an article based on the CCHR material, admitted the falsity of the allegations and paid substantial libel damages in 1990.&lt;ref&gt;''Prof's Libel Victory Over LSD Claims'' Northern Echo [[1990-06-22]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/nre220690.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Jon Atack]], an ex-scientologist who left in 1983, wrote the book &quot;[[A Piece of Blue Sky|A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed]]&quot; and the pamphlet &quot;The Total Freedom Trap&quot; as well as providing research for &quot;[[Bare-Faced Messiah]]&quot;. He provided help to other members in leaving the organisation, as well as acting as an expert witness in various cases concerning Scientology. In response, Atack's home was repeatedly picketed by placard-carrying scientologists over the course of six days. Eugene Ingram, a private investigator employed by the Church, made visits to Atack, his elderly mother and other family and friends, spreading rumours that Atack would be going to prison. Scientologists also distributed leaflets entitled &quot;The Truth about Jon Atack&quot;, implying that he was a drug dealer who only criticised Scientology for money.&lt;ref name=&quot;palmer_intimidation&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Evening Argus ''Victims Who Are Fair Game'' [[1994-04-12]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/arg120494.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists picket house|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1994-03-18|last=Thompson|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Atack has complained of many additional forms of harassment. In 1991, he wrote, pairs of scientologists would arrive on his doorstep weekly to harangue him.&lt;ref&gt;Jon Atack (1995) ''Scientology: Religion or Intelligence Agency?'' Online at http://home.snafu.de/tilman/j/berlin.html Accessed [[2008-05-03]]&lt;/ref&gt; In a court filing, Atack wrote that scientologists had used their own publications and leaflets, a public meeting and a letter to the Sunday Times to spread rumours that he had been convicted for drug dealing and for &quot;lewdness&quot; and that he was guilty of other criminal activities including rape, attempted murder and kidnap. He also named an individual scientologist who apparently had made a frivolous complaint of child molestation to social services.&lt;ref&gt;Jon Atack ''Amended Particulars of Claim in Jonathan Caven-Atack vs. Church Of Scientology Religious Education College Inc. et al.'' Haywards Heath County Court, Case No. HH 402401 Online at http://www.religio.de/atack/hh402401.html Retrieved on 2008-03-05&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Atack eventually went bankrupt due to the cost of defending himself against legal action from the Church.&lt;ref&gt;''Writer is quizzed by creditors'' Nottingham Evening Post [[1996-04-27]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/nep270496.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt; He is not the only one to have been driven bankrupt. According to [[Baroness Sharples]] speaking in the [[House of Lords]], a number of ex-scientologists &quot;have been both threatened and harassed and a considerable number of them have been made bankrupt by the church.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Peer declares scientology membership|publisher=Press Association|date=1996-12-17|last=Evans|first=Andrew|url=|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> During 1995, Beverley Ryall, a solicitor based in Chichester, was visited at midnight by a policewoman and by the head of the Church of Scientology's Bournemouth mission after a false tip-off that she was holding stolen documents in her house. She also reported a late night visit from Eugene Ingram. At that time Ryall was helping ex-scientologists in litigation against the Church.&lt;ref&gt;''Victims Who Are Fair Game'' Evening Argus [[1994-04-12]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/arg120494.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;palmer_intimidation&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult Accused of Intimidation|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1994-04-03|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt; She told a local paper, &quot;They have been harassing my clients and it is quite wrong. [...] They are just trying to intimidate me with Gestapo tactics.&quot; In response, a Scientology spokeswoman said that these allegations &quot;are made by people who are lamenting and crying because they have a guilty conscience.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult Using Gestapo Tactics Says Woman|publisher=Chichester Observer|date=1994-04-07|last=Hewitt|first=Phil}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> An American who moved to Britain, Bonnie Woods had been a member of the [[Sea Organisation]] but left Scientology in 1982. Since 1992, she and her husband Richard have run a telephone helpline for families affected by Scientology. Having been declared a [[Suppressive Person]], she had her house picketed and her family were put under surveillance. Private investigator Eugene Ingram persuaded a creditor of Richard Woods' failed building firm to accept free help from scientologists to pursue her money. As a result, the family were bankrupted.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology's Campaign Of Hate, By &quot;Cult Busters&quot;|publisher=The American|date=1998-03-06|last=Nicolova|first=Rossitsa|pages=5}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Having been a target of investigation by Eugene Ingram, Bonnie told a local paper, &quot;The biggest concern I have is for my children. Obviously I worry about their safety. I can never let them answer the phone or the door.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Escape route from Scientology has never been busier&quot; ''East Grinstead Courier'' [[1994-04-15]]&lt;/ref&gt; Scientologists spread leaflets around her [[East Grinstead]] neighbourhood calling her a &quot;hate campaigner&quot;. After six years of litigation, eventually reaching the [[High Court of Justice|High Court]], the Church of Scientology admitted that the claims were lies and paid damages and costs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists pay for libel|publisher=The Guardian|date=1999-06-09|last=Dyer|first=Clare|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/1999/jun/09/claredyer|accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Cult pays £155,000 over hate campaign'' Daily Mail [[1999-06-09]]&lt;/ref&gt; She told journalists that during the case she had been subjected to a &quot;level of harassment that most people would find intolerable&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=My victory joy after six year battle with cult|publisher=The Express|date=1999-06-09|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1995 a campaigning group was formed, calling itself Families Under Scientology Stress, to bring together ex-members and concerned families.&lt;ref&gt;''Making a FUSS over Scientology'' Evening Echo, Bournemouth [[1995-07-13]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;buss1995&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=New pressure group under fire from cult|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1995-07-14|last=Buss|first=Cathy|pages=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Two members of FUSS, Richard and Judy Price of Tonbridge in Kent, were amongst those who received threats of legal action from the Church's solicitor, accusing them of planning &quot;unlawful and tortuous acts&quot; against the Church. The Prices told a local newspaper that they were suffering &quot;harassment and intimidation&quot; including unsolicited visitors to their house late at night.&lt;ref name=&quot;buss1995&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=We Live In Fear: Cult threatens legal action over defamation|publisher=Tonbridge Courier|date=1995-07-14|last=Gow|first=Sheila}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Church of Scientology spread a rumour to the press that Richard Price was an [[alcoholic]], which he denied.&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> When [[Twenty Twenty Television]] made a documentary for national television called &quot;Inside the Cult&quot;, using undercover filming, the Church of Scientology took out an abusive private prosecution against the reporter, producer and production company, which was eventually thrown out.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologist's Court Case Thrown Out By Magistrates|publisher=UK Press Gazette |date=1995-09-25|last=Methven|first=Nicola|quote=City of London magistrates dismissed private prosecutions for theft brought by the Scientologists against Braund, producer Claudia Milne and Twenty Twenty Television as an abuse of process.}}&lt;/ref&gt; At around the same time, cars belonging to the team had their windows smashed in, and the reporter's mobile phone was cloned and used to run up huge bills. The staff said these events were part of a harassment campaign in response to their documentary, although no connection with Scientology was ever proven and the allegations were denied by the Church.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology film team targeted by vandals|publisher=East Grinstead Observer|date=1995-07-16|last=Harrison|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Cult-monitoring organisations have also been targeted. The Church of Scientology released a dossier about the UK's [[Cult Information Centre]] in 1997. This exposed personal financial details of its General Secretary, Ian Howarth and attempted to link him to a convicted criminal. Another dossier about FAIR ([[Family Action Information Resource]]) held lurid allegations about the sex life of an ex-official.&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Paul Bracchi was a journalist at local paper the [[Evening Argus]] and later at the national [[Daily Mail]]. He revealed in 2007 that after writing a series of investigative articles on the Church for the Evening Argus, he was subjected to a &quot;vicious smear campaign&quot; that included defamatory leaflets, threatening letters and faxes and an attempt to find his ex-directory telephone number. One of his sources was a scientologist who was suspected of stealing documents. According to Bracchi, the man had been kidnapped and taken to Saint Hill Manor to be interrogated and subsequently received a written [[Suppressive Person]] declare, confirming that he was Fair Game. After that, he and his partner received anonymous death threats almost daily until they moved away.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=&quot;Tom Cruise's Church of hate tried to destroy me&quot;|publisher=Daily Mail|date=2007-05-19|last=Bracchi|first=Paul|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/femail/article.html?in_article_id=455886&amp;in_page_id=1879|accessdate=2008-05-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1997, the makers of &quot;Secret Lives: L. Ron Hubbard&quot;, a biographical television documentary, reported various forms of harassment. Private detective Eugene Ingram visited friends and associates of members of the team, spreading rumours that they were involved in crimes including money-laundering. A scientologist agent phoned friends of the director and producer, posing as a member of a survey organisation and thereby tricking the phone contacts into revealing their addresses. Those who did were visited by private detectives. It is not known how the agent obtained the numbers that the programme makers had dialled from their private phones.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Detective on trail of TV pair|publisher=Daily Telegraph|date=1997-11-20|last=Uttley|first=Tom|pages=14|url=http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/dtl201197.html|accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> During the making of the programme, the crew said that they were trailed by private detectives in the United States and Canada as well as in England.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Why Channel 4 is haunted by Scientology|publisher=Independent on Sunday|date=1997-11-09|last=Blackhurst|first=Chris}}&lt;/ref&gt; A film crew calling itself &quot;Freedom TV&quot; made unannounced visits to the homes of the programme makers to film them.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Travolta begs Channel 4 not to attack Scientology|publisher=Independent on Sunday|date=1997-11-09|last=Blackhurst|first=Chris|url=|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> When the [[Panorama (TV series)|BBC Panorama]] television programme visited the USA in 2007 to film a documentary about the Church, Scientology representatives followed them and repeatedly harangued them. Unknown men also trailed the team, one even appearing at the wedding of reporter [[John Sweeney (journalist)|John Sweeney]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists to BBC: what planet are you on?|publisher=The Sunday Times|date=2007-05-13|last=Swinford|first=Steven|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article1782050.ece |accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;BBC 1 (TV) The Heaven and Earth Show with Gloria Hunniford [[2007-05-13]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=panorama&gt;{{cite episode | title = Scientology and Me | episodelink= Scientology and Me | series = Panorama | serieslink = Panorama (TV series) | airdate = 2007-05-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sweeney later complained of being &quot;chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers [...] In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing use of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> Despite the ostensible cancellation of &quot;Fair Game,&quot; the policy itself continues to present day. A series of court cases in England in the 1970s saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; being strongly criticised by senior judges, with (for instance) [[Robert Goff|Lord Justice Goff]] citing it to highlight what he described as the Church's &quot;deplorable means adopted to suppress inquiry or criticism.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Church of Scientology of California v. Kaufman (1973) RPC 635&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in other cases, Lord Justice Megaw discussed &quot;Fair Game&quot; at length and concluded that the plaintiffs (the Church) &quot;are or have been protecting their secrets by deplorable means&quot; and &quot;do not come with [[unclean hands|clean hands]] to this court in asking the court to protect those secrets&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/vosper.html Hubbard and another v Vosper and another] (1971)&lt;/ref&gt;, and Lord Justice Stephenson noted &quot;the policy letter of 1st October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/dhss.html Church of Scientology of California v Department of Health and Social Security and others] (All England Law Reports (1979), vol. 3)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> It later emerged that &quot;Fair Game&quot; had actually continued in use until at least 1980, despite its cancellation, and there have been frequent allegations that it has remained in force since then. During the 1970s the [[Guardian's Office]] (GO) of the Church of Scientology, headed by Hubbard's wife [[Mary Sue Hubbard|Mary Sue]], conducted a wide-ranging and systematic series of espionage and intimidation operations against perceived enemies of Scientology. (See [[Operation Freakout]] for a noteworthy example.)<br /> <br /> The doctrine of &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a central element of the GO's operational policies. The original &quot;cancelled&quot; Fair Game policy is listed as a reference for GO staff in its confidential ''Intelligence Course'', &lt;ref&gt;Guardian Order, ''Confidential - Intelligence Course'', 9 September 1974, p.18&lt;/ref&gt; which was later entered into evidence in a US Federal court case in 1979. &lt;ref&gt;''United States vs. Mary Sue Hubbard et al.'', 493 F. Supp. 209, (D.D.C. 1979)&lt;/ref&gt; During the case Church lawyers admitted that the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy had continued to be put into effect long after its supposed cancellation in 1968. Indeed, according to an ''[[American Lawyer]]'' investigation, &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics had been used to force the withdrawal of the presiding judge in an attempt to &quot;throw&quot; the case. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/media/am-lawyer-1980.html Scientology's War Against Judges]&quot;, ''American Lawyer'', December 1980&lt;/ref&gt; As the US Government's attorneys put it,<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Defendants, through one of their attorneys, have stated that the fair game policy continued in effect well after the indictment in this case and the conviction of the first nine co-defendants. Defendants claim that the policy was abrogated by the Church's Board of Directors in late July or early August, 1980, only after the defendants' personal attack on [[Charles Richey|Judge Richey]].&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Sentencing Memorandum of the United States of America, Mary Sue Hubbard et al, Criminal Case No. 78-401, 3 December 1979&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The abrogation mentioned above was issued in a policy letter of 22 July 1980, &quot;Ethics, Cancellation of Fair Game, more about&quot;, issued by the Boards of Directors of the Churches of Scientology. However, this cancellation was itself cancelled in a subsequent HCO Policy Letter of 8 September 1983, &quot;Cancellation of Issues on Suppressive Acts and PTSes&quot;, which cancelled a number of HCOPLs on the ground that they &quot;were not written by the Founder [Hubbard]&quot;. In two subsequent court cases the Church defended &quot;Fair Game&quot; as a &quot;core practice of Scientology&quot;, and claimed that it was therefore protected as &quot;religious expression&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;Frank K. Flinn testimony in Church of Scientology of California, 1984, vol.23, pp.4032-4160&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Since then, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicky Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> :Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth. &lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Further policy modifications===<br /> The current policy on the handling of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; was promulgated in 1991. &lt;ref&gt;HCO Policy Letter of 23 December 1965RB, revised 8 January 1991, ''Suppressive Acts Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists''&lt;/ref&gt; It does not include the words &quot;Fair Game&quot;, but sets out the type of acts considered to be &quot;suppressive&quot; and spells out how to deal with such situations. It concludes with this statement:<br /> :Nothing in this policy letter shall ever or under any circumstances justify any violation of the laws of the land or intentional legal wrongs. Any such offense shall subject the offender to penalties prescribed by law as well as to ethics and justice actions.<br /> Critics have noted that this does not exclude the possibility of what might be termed &quot;legal but unethical&quot; actions such as the so-called &quot;dead agenting&quot; tactics of which the Church has often been accused. While the term &quot;fair game&quot; is not included in any publicly disclosed and current Church policy, critics of the Church have often charged that it continues to attack its perceived enemies relentlessly through any means possible. [http://www.lermanet.com/persecution/]<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#&quot;Dead agenting&quot;|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> * [[Keeping Scientology Working]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: [http://www.lermanet.com/cos/aujurist.html &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;], ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[9 June]], [[1999]]<br /> *Fair Gamed Web Site, [http://www.fairgamed.org/ Some victims of Scientology's Fair Game Policy]<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]<br /> <br /> [[es:Fair Game (Cienciología)]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738443 Fair Game (Scientology) 2008-09-02T01:27:01Z <p>AndroidCat: /* Ongoing aggressive policy */ There&#039;s an unproven conclusion buried in there</p> <hr /> <div>The term '''Fair Game''' is used to describe various aggressive policies and practices carried out by the [[Church of Scientology]] towards people and groups it perceives as its enemies.<br /> <br /> ==Predecessors of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> <br /> In written policies dating from as early as the mid-1950s, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]] told his followers to take a punitive line towards perceived opponents. In 1955, he wrote &quot;the law can be used very easily to harass&amp;nbsp;... The purpose of the suit is to harass and discourage, rather than to win – if possible, of course, ruin [the target] utterly&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, &quot;The Scientologist - A Manual on the Dissemination of Material&quot;, reprinted in The Technical Bulletins of Dianetics and Scientology volume 2, pp.151-171, 1979 printing&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> His confidential ''Manual of Justice'' of 1959 advocated using private investigators, as critics were invariably &quot;found to be members of the Communist Party or criminals, usually both. The smell of police or private detectives caused them to fly, to close down, to confess.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard (1959) ''[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/man_just.htm Manual of Justice]'', page 5&lt;/ref&gt; In a very similar vein, he advised that &quot;If attacked on some vulnerable point by anyone or anything or any organization, always find or manufacture enough threat against them to cause them to sue for peace.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard, &quot;Dept of Government Affairs&quot;, Hubbard Communication Office Policy Letter of [[15 August]] [[1960]]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Fair Game Law==<br /> <br /> In 1965 Hubbard formulated the '''&quot;Fair Game Law&quot;''', which states how to deal with people who interfere with Scientology's activities. These problematic people, called [[Suppressive Person|suppressive persons]], could be considered &quot;fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist.&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard, Hubbard Communication Office Policy Letter 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot; [[1965-03-01]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year, Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL [[2 April]] [[1965]], &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed.&lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> When a man named Peter Goodwin in Hampshire, England purchased a high-level Scientology course for £250 and resold it to friends for £50, Hubbard personally issued an Ethics order which &quot;withdrew any future help from Goodwin and his associates, (presumably for eternity), and threatened the most dire retaliations.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Vosper, Cyril. ''The Mind Benders'', Herts: Mayflower Books, 1973. p. 109&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellation of the term &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard canceled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''.&lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> This letter states that it cancels only the use of the term &quot;fair game&quot; for its &quot;bad PR&quot; effect, and not the policy on the treatment of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; in question.<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard said in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> <br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a license to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of [[22 March]] [[1976]], quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing aggressive policy==<br /> <br /> An Ethics Order dating from [[March 6]] [[1968]], issued by L. Ron Hubbard aboard his boat the Royal Scotsman, lists twelve scientologists who were accused of distributing altered versions of upper level technology. Hubbard writes &quot;They are fair game. No amnesty may ever cover them. [...] Any Sea Org member contacting them is to use [[R2-45|Auditing Process R2-45]].&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite paper | author=L. Ron Hubbard | title=HCO ETHICS ORDER | date=[[1968-03-06]] | version=No. 30 INT | publisher = Advanced Organisation Yacht Royal Scotman, via U.S. Dist. Court. S.D. of N.Y. | url=http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/cult/hco-ethics-order-30.html | accessdate=2006-06-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Racket Exposed&quot;, ''The Auditor'', issue 37, 1968. [http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/cult/auditor37.html Excerpt]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Critical authors such as [[Jon Atack]] and websites such as [[Operation Clambake]], who make no reference to the existence of HCOPL 21 July 68 canceling the original penalties{{or}}, use the wording of HCOPL 21 Oct 68 to assert that the practices outlined in HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV have been canceled in name only.&lt;ref name=Atack&gt;[http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html Jon Atack - General report on Scientology&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/fairgame-e.html Operation Clambake: Fair Game]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Church has indeed retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies,&lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Ultra&gt;{{cite web | first = Douglas | last = Frantz | title = An Ultra-Aggressive Use of Investigators and the Courts | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F01E3D71639F93AA35750C0A961958260&amp;sec=&amp;spon=&amp;pagewanted=all | work = [[New York Times]]| date = [[1997-03-09]] | accessdate = 2008-04-01 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and argued as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Apart from critics, several judges and juries have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics and penalties described in the October 1967 Policy Letter continued beyond both Hubbard's July 1968 Policy Letter canceling these penalties, and beyond his October 1968 order canceling the use of the term Fair Game.&lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-29]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written ... But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Atack /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/latey.html Judgment by Mr. Justice Latey, Royal Courts of Justice 23rd July, 1984]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For example, Lord Justice Stephenson, in the judgement in ''Church of Scientology of California'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979], declined to order [[discovery (law)|discovery]] in favour of the Church of Scientology on the grounds that there was a real risk of harassment of the persons named in the documents:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;I have carefully considered the documents to which we have been referred and some to which we have not. I am satisfied by my consideration of the documents that there is a real risk that all three categories of documents may be misused, ie not for legitimate purposes of the action but for harassment of individual patients, informants and renegades named in them, not only by proceedings for defamation against them but by threats and blackmail, and that they may be distributed to those in other parts of this worldwide organisation who may misuse them in the same way.<br /> <br /> I am thinking chiefly of the 'fair game law' against suppressive persons expounded in the HCO policy letter of 1 March 1965 and referred to in the particulars, and the policy letter of 21 October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&lt;ref&gt;''CoS'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979] 3 All ER 97&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recent events==<br /> In recent years, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, Vicki Aznaran, who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth.&lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Court cases involving &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> ===The case of L. Gene Allard, 1976===<br /> <br /> In 1976, the Church was found legally liable for the malicious prosecution of an ex-Scientologist named L. Gene Allard who left Scientology in 1969 and was then charged with grand theft. The charge was dismissed, and Allard sued the Church. Exhibit 1 of the trial introduced into evidence the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy statements, and Allard was awarded $50,000 in compensatory damages and $250,000 in punitive damages. The Church argued on appeal that introduction of the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy statements was prejudicial error and that allowing the judgment stand would constitute a violation of their free exercise of religion. The appellate court, however, found that the evidence was relevant, and that it &quot;well supports the jury's implied conclusion... that those witnesses who were Scientologists or had been Scientologists were following the policy of the church and lying to, suing and attempting to destroy respondent.&quot; The court also noted: &quot;The trial court gave appellant almost the entire trial within which to produce evidence that the fair game policy had been repealed. Appellant failed to do so, and the trial court thereafter permitted the admission of Exhibit 1 into evidence.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Allard v. Church of Scientology, 58 Cal.App.3d 439 (Cal. App. 2d Dist. 1976)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===The case of Lawrence Wollersheim, 1980===<br /> In a long and contentious trial, [[Lawrence Wollersheim]], a former Scientologist, alleged that he had been harassed and his business nearly destroyed as a result of &quot;fair game&quot; measures. During appeals, the Church again claimed &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and was thus constitutionally protected &quot;religious expression&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology, 212 Cal. App. 3d 872 (Cal. App. 2d Dist. 1989)&lt;/ref&gt;. That claim was denied by the appellate court on [[July 18]], [[1989]]. After over 20 years of legal wrangling, the Church of Scientology paid Wollersheim the amount of the judgement, plus interest: $8,674,643. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Richard |last=Leiby |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&amp;contentId=A63143-2002May9 |title=Ex-Scientologist Collects $8.7 Million In 22-Year-Old Case |work=[[The Washington Post]] |page=A03 |date=[[2002-05-10]] |accessdate=2006-06-13 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===The case of Jakob Anderson, 1981===<br /> In the March 11-16, 1981, Danish court case of Jakob Anderson vs The Church Of Scientology of Denmark, ex-Guardian's Office operative Vibeke Dammon testified that the Church did in fact practice Fair Game and had done so in Anderson's case, in an attempt to get Anderson committed to a psychiatric hospital.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}<br /> <br /> ===The case of Gerald Armstrong, 1984===<br /> In 1980, Scientologist and [[Sea Org]] officer [[Gerry Armstrong (activist)|Gerry Armstrong]] was assigned to organize some of Hubbard's personal papers as the basis for a biography of Hubbard. Omar Garrison, a non-Scientologist known to be sympathetic to Scientology, was hired to write the biography. Both Armstrong and Garrison quickly realized that the papers reflected unfavorably on Hubbard, and revealed that many of Hubbard's claimed accomplishments were exaggerations or outright fabrications. Garrison abandoned the project, and a disillusioned Armstrong and his wife left the Church, retaining copies of the embarrassing materials as insurance against the expected harassment to come.&lt;ref name = Millions&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert | last = Lindsey | title = Scientology chief got millions, ex-aides say | url = http://www.lermanet.com/scientologynews/nytimes/scientology-chief-got-millions-071184.html | work = | publisher = New York Times | date = [[1984-07-11]] | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Armstrong was sued by the Church in 1982 for the theft of private documents. The &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy became an issue in court. Armstrong won the case, in part because the Judge ruled that Armstrong, as a Scientologist of long standing, knew that fair game was practiced, and had good reason to believe that possession of these papers would be necessary to defend himself against illegal persecution by the Church.&lt;ref name=mind&gt;{{cite web | first = Joel | last = Sappell | coauthors = Welkos, Robert W. | title = The Mind Behind the Religon | url = http://www.latimes.com/la-scientology062490,0,7104164,full.story | work = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-24]] | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In a scathing decision, Judge Paul Breckenridge wrote:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;In addition to violating and abusing its own members' civil-rights, the organization over the years with its &quot;Fair Game&quot; doctrine has harassed and abused those persons not in the Church whom it perceives as enemies. The organization clearly is schizophrenic and paranoid, and the bizarre combination seems to be a reflection of its founder LRH. The evidence portrays a man who has been virtually a pathological liar when it comes to his history, background, and achievements&amp;nbsp;... In determining whether the defendant unreasonably invaded Mrs. Hubbard's privacy, the court is satisfied the invasion was slight, and the reasons and justification for the defendant's conduct manifest. Defendant was told by Scientology to get an attorney. He was declared an enemy by the Church. He believed, reasonably, that he was subject to &quot;fair game.&quot; The only way he could defend himself, his integrity, and his wife was to take that which was available to him and place it in a safe harbor, to wit, his lawyer's custody. (Judge Paul Breckenridge, Los Angeles Superior Court, June 20, 1984)&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> During the trial, the Church hired Frank K. Flynn, an adjunct professor of comparative religions, to write a report arguing that Fair Game was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and thus should be considered a constitutionally protected activity.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}<br /> <br /> ==History of Fair Game in the UK==<br /> In the UK, targets of Fair Game and related harassment over the years have included ex-members, authors, journalists, broadcasters, the mental health profession, cult-monitoring groups, government and law enforcement.<br /> <br /> Maurice William Johnson was a scientologist who resigned in June 1966 and successfully sued for his money back. He told a court that after leaving he had received over 100 abusive letters, many of them using violent language. An article in &quot;The Auditor&quot;, a Scientology publication, was produced to the court, stating outright that Johnson was &quot;fair game&quot; and describing him as &quot;an enemy of mankind, the planets and all life.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology is slammed in court as &quot;evil cult&quot;|publisher=East Grinstead Observer|date=1968-06-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology &quot;brainwash': JP's comment as ex-student is cleared of theft|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1968-06-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Documents seized by the [[FBI]] in raids on the Church's US headquarters in July 1977 listed some operations against their British enemies. An agent had been sent to investigate Sir John Foster, author of the [[Foster Report|official UK Government inquiry into Scientology]], in an attempt to link him to [[Paulette Cooper]], author of [[The Scandal of Scientology]] and victim of [[Operation Freakout]]. The documents showed that [[Lord Balniel]], who had requested the official inquiry, was also a target. Hubbard had written, &quot;get a detective on that lord's past to unearth the tit-bits&quot;. A memo from Jane Kember, the Church's [[Saint Hill Manor|Saint Hill]]-based &quot;Guardian&quot; (or worldwide head of intelligence) reported that agents had got hold of a [[Metropolitan Police]] report on the Church. She asked for related documents so that a lawsuit against the police could be &quot;mocked up&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;dirtytricks1980&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Snow White's dirty tricks|publisher=The Guardian|date=1980-02-07|last=Beresford|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> According to a memo of [[6 May]] [[1971]], Hubbard blamed the [[Mind (charity)|National Association for Mental Health (NAMH)]] and [[World Federation for Mental Health]] for attacks on Scientology and named Mary Appleby, secretary of the NAMH, as the ultimate source.&lt;ref name=&quot;dirtytricks1980&quot; /&gt; Starting in 1969, the NAMH was the target of a mass infiltration campaign by [[Scientologists]] who tried to take over key offices and change the organisation's policy on [[psychiatry]]. The large numbers of new membership applications just before a deadline raised the suspicion of the existing members and led to a mass explusion. The [[Church of Scientology]] sued unsuccessfully in an attempt to get their members reinstated.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Rolph, C. H.|title=[[Believe What You Like]]: What happened between the Scientologists and the National Association for Mental Health|date=1973|publisher=Andre Deutsch Limited|isbn=0-233-96375-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Kenneth Robinson]], a Minister for Health, had attributed Scientology's success to its targeting &quot;the weak, the unbalanced, the immature, the rootless and mentally and emotionally unstable&quot; and said its practices were &quot;a potential menace to the personality and well-being of those so deluded as to become its followers&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Bid to Muzzle Us Fails|publisher=News of the World|date=1969-05-04|last=Warren|first=Robert}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;David Lancashire ''&quot;Largest Mental Health Institution&quot; Becomes Storm Center in Britain'' Iowa City Press-Citizen. [[1968-09-11]] Online at http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/19680911-iowacitypresscitizen.html Retrieved on 2008-03-05&lt;/ref&gt; Scientology publications titled &quot;Freedom Scientology&quot;, &quot;Freedom and Scientology&quot; and &quot;Freedom&quot; conducted a libel campaign against him, beginning in 1968. According to these newsletters, he was responsible for creating &quot;death camps&quot; to which innocent people were being kidnapped to be killed or maimed at will. Robinson successfully sued for libel, prompting a total retraction and substantial damages.&lt;ref&gt;''Church of Scientology to pay libel damages to former Minister'' The Times [[1973-06-06]] Online at http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/19730606-thetimes.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Roy Wallis]] was the author of &quot;The Road to Total Freedom: A Sociological Analysis of Scientology&quot;, first published in 1976. After the publication of the book, a Scientology agent visited Stirling University where Wallis was teaching and tried to get him to implicate himself in the drug scene. Subsequently, forged letters apparently from Wallis were sent to his colleagues implicating him in scandalous activities including a homosexual love affair.&lt;ref&gt;Roy Wallis (1977) &quot;The Moral Career of the Research Project&quot; in Colin Bell and Howard Newby (Eds) ''Doing Sociological Research'' London: Allen and Unwin. ISBN 0029023505&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Stewart Lamont (1986) ''Religion Inc.: The Church of Scientology'' London: Harrap. ISBN 0-245-54334-1. page 87&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Journalist [[Russell Miller]] wrote a biography of [[L. Ron Hubbard]] entitled &quot;[[Bare-Faced Messiah]]&quot;, which was published in 1987. He was spied on while researching the book in the USA, and his friends and business associates received visits from scientologists and private detectives. Attempts were made to frame him for the murder of a London private detective, the murder of singer [[Dean Reed]] in East Berlin and a fire in an aircraft factory.&lt;ref&gt;Robert W. Welkos &quot;Shudder into silence: The Church of Scientology doesn't take kindly to negative coverage&quot; ''The Quill'', November/December 1991&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;punch&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=See you in court|publisher=Punch|date=1988-02-19|last=Miller|first=Russell|pages=46}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult threatens to sue on book|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-11-01|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Hounded by the church of stars and hype|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1997-01-19|last=Driscoll|first=Margarette|coauthors=Haynes, Steven}}&lt;/ref&gt; Senior executives at publishers Michael Joseph, and at the [[Sunday Times]], which serialised the book, received threatening phone calls and also a visit from private investigator Eugene Ingram, who worked for the Church.&lt;ref name=&quot;stimes_dirty&quot; /&gt; Another private investigator, Jarl Grieve Einar Cynewulf, told Sunday Times journalists that he had been offered &quot;large sums of money&quot; to find a link between Miller and the [[CIA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult's private detective fires at journalists|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-11-08|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Church unsuccessfully tried for an injunction against Miller and Penguin Books to stop the book being published; a move that the judge described as &quot;both mischievous and misconceived&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stimes_dirty&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists In Dirty Campaign To Stop Book|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-10-18|pages=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;punch&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1988, Scientology-connected group the [[Citizens Commission on Human Rights]] conducted a defamation campaign against [[Martin Roth|Professor Sir Martin Roth]], a [[Cambridge University]] professor of [[psychiatry]]. Material provided by the CCHR falsely alleged that experiments run by Professor Roth had damaged patients' brains with huge doses of [[LSD]], led to more than 20 deaths in an Australian hospital, and maimed human subjects in Canada. The Newcastle Times, which had published an article based on the CCHR material, admitted the falsity of the allegations and paid substantial libel damages in 1990.&lt;ref&gt;''Prof's Libel Victory Over LSD Claims'' Northern Echo [[1990-06-22]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/nre220690.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Jon Atack]], an ex-scientologist who left in 1983, wrote the book &quot;[[A Piece of Blue Sky|A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed]]&quot; and the pamphlet &quot;The Total Freedom Trap&quot; as well as providing research for &quot;[[Bare-Faced Messiah]]&quot;. He provided help to other members in leaving the organisation, as well as acting as an expert witness in various cases concerning Scientology. In response, Atack's home was repeatedly picketed by placard-carrying scientologists over the course of six days. Eugene Ingram, a private investigator employed by the Church, made visits to Atack, his elderly mother and other family and friends, spreading rumours that Atack would be going to prison. Scientologists also distributed leaflets entitled &quot;The Truth about Jon Atack&quot;, implying that he was a drug dealer who only criticised Scientology for money.&lt;ref name=&quot;palmer_intimidation&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Evening Argus ''Victims Who Are Fair Game'' [[1994-04-12]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/arg120494.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists picket house|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1994-03-18|last=Thompson|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Atack has complained of many additional forms of harassment. In 1991, he wrote, pairs of scientologists would arrive on his doorstep weekly to harangue him.&lt;ref&gt;Jon Atack (1995) ''Scientology: Religion or Intelligence Agency?'' Online at http://home.snafu.de/tilman/j/berlin.html Accessed [[2008-05-03]]&lt;/ref&gt; In a court filing, Atack wrote that scientologists had used their own publications and leaflets, a public meeting and a letter to the Sunday Times to spread rumours that he had been convicted for drug dealing and for &quot;lewdness&quot; and that he was guilty of other criminal activities including rape, attempted murder and kidnap. He also named an individual scientologist who apparently had made a frivolous complaint of child molestation to social services.&lt;ref&gt;Jon Atack ''Amended Particulars of Claim in Jonathan Caven-Atack vs. Church Of Scientology Religious Education College Inc. et al.'' Haywards Heath County Court, Case No. HH 402401 Online at http://www.religio.de/atack/hh402401.html Retrieved on 2008-03-05&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Atack eventually went bankrupt due to the cost of defending himself against legal action from the Church.&lt;ref&gt;''Writer is quizzed by creditors'' Nottingham Evening Post [[1996-04-27]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/nep270496.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt; He is not the only one to have been driven bankrupt. According to [[Baroness Sharples]] speaking in the [[House of Lords]], a number of ex-scientologists &quot;have been both threatened and harassed and a considerable number of them have been made bankrupt by the church.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Peer declares scientology membership|publisher=Press Association|date=1996-12-17|last=Evans|first=Andrew|url=|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> During 1995, Beverley Ryall, a solicitor based in Chichester, was visited at midnight by a policewoman and by the head of the Church of Scientology's Bournemouth mission after a false tip-off that she was holding stolen documents in her house. She also reported a late night visit from Eugene Ingram. At that time Ryall was helping ex-scientologists in litigation against the Church.&lt;ref&gt;''Victims Who Are Fair Game'' Evening Argus [[1994-04-12]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/arg120494.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;palmer_intimidation&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult Accused of Intimidation|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1994-04-03|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt; She told a local paper, &quot;They have been harassing my clients and it is quite wrong. [...] They are just trying to intimidate me with Gestapo tactics.&quot; In response, a Scientology spokeswoman said that these allegations &quot;are made by people who are lamenting and crying because they have a guilty conscience.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult Using Gestapo Tactics Says Woman|publisher=Chichester Observer|date=1994-04-07|last=Hewitt|first=Phil}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> An American who moved to Britain, Bonnie Woods had been a member of the [[Sea Organisation]] but left Scientology in 1982. Since 1992, she and her husband Richard have run a telephone helpline for families affected by Scientology. Having been declared a [[Suppressive Person]], she had her house picketed and her family were put under surveillance. Private investigator Eugene Ingram persuaded a creditor of Richard Woods' failed building firm to accept free help from scientologists to pursue her money. As a result, the family were bankrupted.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology's Campaign Of Hate, By &quot;Cult Busters&quot;|publisher=The American|date=1998-03-06|last=Nicolova|first=Rossitsa|pages=5}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Having been a target of investigation by Eugene Ingram, Bonnie told a local paper, &quot;The biggest concern I have is for my children. Obviously I worry about their safety. I can never let them answer the phone or the door.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Escape route from Scientology has never been busier&quot; ''East Grinstead Courier'' [[1994-04-15]]&lt;/ref&gt; Scientologists spread leaflets around her [[East Grinstead]] neighbourhood calling her a &quot;hate campaigner&quot;. After six years of litigation, eventually reaching the [[High Court of Justice|High Court]], the Church of Scientology admitted that the claims were lies and paid damages and costs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists pay for libel|publisher=The Guardian|date=1999-06-09|last=Dyer|first=Clare|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/1999/jun/09/claredyer|accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Cult pays £155,000 over hate campaign'' Daily Mail [[1999-06-09]]&lt;/ref&gt; She told journalists that during the case she had been subjected to a &quot;level of harassment that most people would find intolerable&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=My victory joy after six year battle with cult|publisher=The Express|date=1999-06-09|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1995 a campaigning group was formed, calling itself Families Under Scientology Stress, to bring together ex-members and concerned families.&lt;ref&gt;''Making a FUSS over Scientology'' Evening Echo, Bournemouth [[1995-07-13]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;buss1995&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=New pressure group under fire from cult|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1995-07-14|last=Buss|first=Cathy|pages=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Two members of FUSS, Richard and Judy Price of Tonbridge in Kent, were amongst those who received threats of legal action from the Church's solicitor, accusing them of planning &quot;unlawful and tortuous acts&quot; against the Church. The Prices told a local newspaper that they were suffering &quot;harassment and intimidation&quot; including unsolicited visitors to their house late at night.&lt;ref name=&quot;buss1995&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=We Live In Fear: Cult threatens legal action over defamation|publisher=Tonbridge Courier|date=1995-07-14|last=Gow|first=Sheila}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Church of Scientology spread a rumour to the press that Richard Price was an [[alcoholic]], which he denied.&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> When [[Twenty Twenty Television]] made a documentary for national television called &quot;Inside the Cult&quot;, using undercover filming, the Church of Scientology took out an abusive private prosecution against the reporter, producer and production company, which was eventually thrown out.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologist's Court Case Thrown Out By Magistrates|publisher=UK Press Gazette |date=1995-09-25|last=Methven|first=Nicola|quote=City of London magistrates dismissed private prosecutions for theft brought by the Scientologists against Braund, producer Claudia Milne and Twenty Twenty Television as an abuse of process.}}&lt;/ref&gt; At around the same time, cars belonging to the team had their windows smashed in, and the reporter's mobile phone was cloned and used to run up huge bills. The staff said these events were part of a harassment campaign in response to their documentary, although no connection with Scientology was ever proven and the allegations were denied by the Church.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology film team targeted by vandals|publisher=East Grinstead Observer|date=1995-07-16|last=Harrison|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Cult-monitoring organisations have also been targeted. The Church of Scientology released a dossier about the UK's [[Cult Information Centre]] in 1997. This exposed personal financial details of its General Secretary, Ian Howarth and attempted to link him to a convicted criminal. Another dossier about FAIR ([[Family Action Information Resource]]) held lurid allegations about the sex life of an ex-official.&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Paul Bracchi was a journalist at local paper the [[Evening Argus]] and later at the national [[Daily Mail]]. He revealed in 2007 that after writing a series of investigative articles on the Church for the Evening Argus, he was subjected to a &quot;vicious smear campaign&quot; that included defamatory leaflets, threatening letters and faxes and an attempt to find his ex-directory telephone number. One of his sources was a scientologist who was suspected of stealing documents. According to Bracchi, the man had been kidnapped and taken to Saint Hill Manor to be interrogated and subsequently received a written [[Suppressive Person]] declare, confirming that he was Fair Game. After that, he and his partner received anonymous death threats almost daily until they moved away.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=&quot;Tom Cruise's Church of hate tried to destroy me&quot;|publisher=Daily Mail|date=2007-05-19|last=Bracchi|first=Paul|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/femail/article.html?in_article_id=455886&amp;in_page_id=1879|accessdate=2008-05-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1997, the makers of &quot;Secret Lives: L. Ron Hubbard&quot;, a biographical television documentary, reported various forms of harassment. Private detective Eugene Ingram visited friends and associates of members of the team, spreading rumours that they were involved in crimes including money-laundering. A scientologist agent phoned friends of the director and producer, posing as a member of a survey organisation and thereby tricking the phone contacts into revealing their addresses. Those who did were visited by private detectives. It is not known how the agent obtained the numbers that the programme makers had dialled from their private phones.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Detective on trail of TV pair|publisher=Daily Telegraph|date=1997-11-20|last=Uttley|first=Tom|pages=14|url=http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/dtl201197.html|accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> During the making of the programme, the crew said that they were trailed by private detectives in the United States and Canada as well as in England.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Why Channel 4 is haunted by Scientology|publisher=Independent on Sunday|date=1997-11-09|last=Blackhurst|first=Chris}}&lt;/ref&gt; A film crew calling itself &quot;Freedom TV&quot; made unannounced visits to the homes of the programme makers to film them.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Travolta begs Channel 4 not to attack Scientology|publisher=Independent on Sunday|date=1997-11-09|last=Blackhurst|first=Chris|url=|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> When the [[Panorama (TV series)|BBC Panorama]] television programme visited the USA in 2007 to film a documentary about the Church, Scientology representatives followed them and repeatedly harangued them. Unknown men also trailed the team, one even appearing at the wedding of reporter [[John Sweeney (journalist)|John Sweeney]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists to BBC: what planet are you on?|publisher=The Sunday Times|date=2007-05-13|last=Swinford|first=Steven|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article1782050.ece |accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;BBC 1 (TV) The Heaven and Earth Show with Gloria Hunniford [[2007-05-13]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=panorama&gt;{{cite episode | title = Scientology and Me | episodelink= Scientology and Me | series = Panorama | serieslink = Panorama (TV series) | airdate = 2007-05-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sweeney later complained of being &quot;chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers [...] In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing use of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> Despite the ostensible cancellation of &quot;Fair Game,&quot; it continued to cause serious damage to the Church's image and reputation for years afterwards. A series of court cases in England in the 1970s saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; being strongly criticised by senior judges, with (for instance) [[Robert Goff|Lord Justice Goff]] citing it to highlight what he described as the Church's &quot;deplorable means adopted to suppress inquiry or criticism.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Church of Scientology of California v. Kaufman (1973) RPC 635&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in other cases, Lord Justice Megaw discussed &quot;Fair Game&quot; at length and concluded that the plaintiffs (the Church) &quot;are or have been protecting their secrets by deplorable means&quot; and &quot;do not come with [[unclean hands|clean hands]] to this court in asking the court to protect those secrets&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/vosper.html Hubbard and another v Vosper and another] (1971)&lt;/ref&gt;, and Lord Justice Stephenson noted &quot;the policy letter of 1st October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/dhss.html Church of Scientology of California v Department of Health and Social Security and others] (All England Law Reports (1979), vol. 3)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> It later emerged that &quot;Fair Game&quot; had actually continued in use until at least 1980, despite its cancellation, and there have been frequent allegations that it has remained in force since then. During the 1970s the [[Guardian's Office]] (GO) of the Church of Scientology, headed by Hubbard's wife [[Mary Sue Hubbard|Mary Sue]], conducted a wide-ranging and systematic series of espionage and intimidation operations against perceived enemies of Scientology. (See [[Operation Freakout]] for a noteworthy example.)<br /> <br /> The doctrine of &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a central element of the GO's operational policies. The original &quot;cancelled&quot; Fair Game policy is listed as a reference for GO staff in its confidential ''Intelligence Course'', &lt;ref&gt;Guardian Order, ''Confidential - Intelligence Course'', 9 September 1974, p.18&lt;/ref&gt; which was later entered into evidence in a US Federal court case in 1979. &lt;ref&gt;''United States vs. Mary Sue Hubbard et al.'', 493 F. Supp. 209, (D.D.C. 1979)&lt;/ref&gt; During the case Church lawyers admitted that the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy had continued to be put into effect long after its supposed cancellation in 1968. Indeed, according to an ''[[American Lawyer]]'' investigation, &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics had been used to force the withdrawal of the presiding judge in an attempt to &quot;throw&quot; the case. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/media/am-lawyer-1980.html Scientology's War Against Judges]&quot;, ''American Lawyer'', December 1980&lt;/ref&gt; As the US Government's attorneys put it,<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Defendants, through one of their attorneys, have stated that the fair game policy continued in effect well after the indictment in this case and the conviction of the first nine co-defendants. Defendants claim that the policy was abrogated by the Church's Board of Directors in late July or early August, 1980, only after the defendants' personal attack on [[Charles Richey|Judge Richey]].&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Sentencing Memorandum of the United States of America, Mary Sue Hubbard et al, Criminal Case No. 78-401, 3 December 1979&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The abrogation mentioned above was issued in a policy letter of 22 July 1980, &quot;Ethics, Cancellation of Fair Game, more about&quot;, issued by the Boards of Directors of the Churches of Scientology. However, this cancellation was itself cancelled in a subsequent HCO Policy Letter of 8 September 1983, &quot;Cancellation of Issues on Suppressive Acts and PTSes&quot;, which cancelled a number of HCOPLs on the ground that they &quot;were not written by the Founder [Hubbard]&quot;. In two subsequent court cases the Church defended &quot;Fair Game&quot; as a &quot;core practice of Scientology&quot;, and claimed that it was therefore protected as &quot;religious expression&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;Frank K. Flinn testimony in Church of Scientology of California, 1984, vol.23, pp.4032-4160&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Since then, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicky Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> :Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth. &lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Further policy modifications===<br /> The current policy on the handling of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; was promulgated in 1991. &lt;ref&gt;HCO Policy Letter of 23 December 1965RB, revised 8 January 1991, ''Suppressive Acts Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists''&lt;/ref&gt; It does not include the words &quot;Fair Game&quot;, but sets out the type of acts considered to be &quot;suppressive&quot; and spells out how to deal with such situations. It concludes with this statement:<br /> :Nothing in this policy letter shall ever or under any circumstances justify any violation of the laws of the land or intentional legal wrongs. Any such offense shall subject the offender to penalties prescribed by law as well as to ethics and justice actions.<br /> Critics have noted that this does not exclude the possibility of what might be termed &quot;legal but unethical&quot; actions such as the so-called &quot;dead agenting&quot; tactics of which the Church has often been accused. While the term &quot;fair game&quot; is not included in any publicly disclosed and current Church policy, critics of the Church have often charged that it continues to attack its perceived enemies relentlessly through any means possible. [http://www.lermanet.com/persecution/]<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#&quot;Dead agenting&quot;|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> * [[Keeping Scientology Working]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: [http://www.lermanet.com/cos/aujurist.html &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;], ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[9 June]], [[1999]]<br /> *Fair Gamed Web Site, [http://www.fairgamed.org/ Some victims of Scientology's Fair Game Policy]<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]<br /> <br /> [[es:Fair Game (Cienciología)]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598400 Church of Spiritual Technology 2008-07-06T13:16:14Z <p>AndroidCat: rv pointless day wikilinking</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|right|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology.]]<br /> The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' (CST) is a [[Californian]] 501(c)(3) [[non-profit corporation]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:IRS-recog-letter-CoS.pdf Letter by the Internal Revenue Service to Flemming Paludan, Regional Director, Danish Tax-Office, Washington, D.C., USA, December 22nd, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;. It was incorporated in 1982. This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. This church receives its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.asirights.com/asi.html Author Services, Inc. (ASI) representing the literary, theatrical and musical works of L. Ron Hubbard&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In a 1993 memorandum by the [[Church of Scientology International]], the role and function of CST has been described as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;[...] CST [...] is an autonomous church of the Scientology religion outside of the international Scientology ecclesiastical hierarchy. CST conducts an extensive program of activities to preserve and archive the Scientology Scriptures for use by future generations. CST also owns the option to acquire RTC's rights to the Scientology advance[d] technology and religious marks under three narrowly defined sets of circumstances, each of which contemplates a serious threat to continued existence of the religion. CST is the principal beneficiary of Mr. Hubbard's estate, provided that it obtains recognition of its tax-exempt status. [...]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Summary_Description_CST-AT-ASI.pdf Summary Description of Other Scientology Organizations - CST (Church of Spiritual Technology), Author's Family Trust, ASI (Author Services Inc.) - CSI Prod. 11-4-93, Bate Stamp: 151412 - 151413, Ex. 1-8, Washington, DC 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> == Corporate Information ==<br /> <br /> '''Basic Information'''<br /> <br /> The Church of Spiritual Technology (CST) was [[incorporated]] by Sherman Lenske in Woodland Hills, [[California]] on May 27th, 1982&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Incorporation-CST.pdf Articles of Incorporation of Church of Spiritual Technology, Endorsed Filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the Sate of California, Woodland Hills, California, May 27th, 28th &amp; June 1st, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;. The [[Bylaws]] of CST were signed on June 7th, 1982 by its General and Special [[Board of directors|Directors]], who were at that time Lyman Spurlock, Rebecca Pook, Maria Starkey, Stephen A. Lenske, Sherman D. Lenske and Lawrence A. Heller&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Bylaws-CST.pdf Bylaws of Church of Spiritual Technology, California, June 7th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;. In 1986, CST's [[Articles of Incorporation]] were [[amended]] to clarify the &quot;[[disposition]] of the [[corporation|corporation's]] [[assets]] upon [[dissolution]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Amended_Articles_of_Incorporation_CST.pdf Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation - Church of Spiritual Technology, Endorsed filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of California, Bate Stamp: 02008 - 02009, California, April 9th, May 13th &amp; 14th, 1986]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> On August 18th, 1993, CST filed an application for [[tax exemption]] under section [[501(c)#501(c)(3)|501(c)(3)]] of the [[Internal Revenue Code]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Application-501-CST.pdf Form 1023 - Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code - Church of Spiritual Technology, Washington, DC, August 18th, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;. The [[Internal Revenue Service]] granted CST's request for exemption through an official recognition letter on October 1st, 1993&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:IRS-Recognition-Letter-CST.pdf Recognition Letter for 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status - Church of Spiritual Technology, Washington, DC, October 1st, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> At the time of the filing for [[tax exemption]], the following individuals held [[corporate]] positions at CST: The [[Board of Trustees]] was composed of John Allcock, David Lantz and Russell Bellin. Thomas Vorm, Russell Bellin and Catherine Schmidt formed the [[Board of Directors]]. CST's [[President]] was Russell Bellin, its [[Vice-President]] Thomas Vorm, its [[Secretary]] Jane McNairn and its [[Treasurer]] Catherine Schmidt&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Application-501-CST.pdf Form 1023 - Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code - Church of Spiritual Technology, Washington, DC, August 18th, 1993]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> '''Licensing of Trademarks &amp; Service Marks'''<br /> <br /> The existence and founding of CST is intimately connected to the creation of the [[Religious Technology Center]], which was incorporated on January 1st, 1982. Shortly after its inception, RTC received on May 16th 1982 &quot;the ownership, supervision and control&quot; of the [[trademarks]] and [[service marks]], identifying &quot;Scientology applied religious philosophy&quot; and &quot;Dianetics spiritual healing technology&quot; by the originator and founder of Scientology, [[L. Ron Hubbard]] through a so-called &quot;[[Assignment]] [[Agreement]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Assignment-RTC.pdf &quot;Assignment Agreement (LRH/RTC) (Marks)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Religious Technology Center, County of Los Angeles, California, May 16th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> This agreement was subject to an additional &quot;[[Option]] Agreement&quot; between Hubbard, RTC and CST. In two so-called &quot;Option Agreements&quot; from May 1982, Hubbard granted CST the right to purchase at any time from RTC the &quot;Marks&quot;, the &quot;Advanced Technology&quot; and all the rights to them for the sum of $ 100&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Option-Agreement-LRH-CST.pdf &quot;Option Agreement (Marks)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Church of Spiritual Technology, County of Los Angeles, California, May 10th, 1982/July 9th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Option-Agreement-LRH-CST-AT.pdf Option Agreement (Advanced Technology-U.S.) - Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Church of Spiritual Technology, California, May 10th &amp; July 9th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Parallel and similar sounding agreements between Hubbard, RTC and CST were created during that period concerning the so-called &quot;Advanced Technology,&quot; which consists of unpublished derivates of Scientology's confidential &quot;Advanced technology&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Assignment-Agreement-LRH-RTC-AT.pdf &quot;Assignment Agreement (LRH/RTC) (Advanced Technology - US)&quot;, Notarized Agreement between L. Ron Hubbard and the Religious Technology Center, Los Angeles, California, May 10th &amp; 16th, 1982]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Under these agreements, RTC is forced to turn over 90 % of its net income to CST. A document from 1991, reflecting the &quot;financial money flows&quot; of RTC during the year 1989, actually showed a turnover of 59 % of RTC's net income towards CST&lt;ref&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Analysis-Financial-Flows-RTC.pdf &quot;Religious Technology Center - Analysis of Financial Flows 1989&quot;, Exhibit I-9 for Application for Tax-Exempt Status 501(c)(3), Bate Stamp: CSI Prod 11-4-93 151414]&lt;/ref&gt;.<br /> <br /> Other examples of [[trademarks]] and [[service marks]], which are owned by CST are [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol. As such, CST operates as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.twth.org/reprinting/files/reprint-instructions.pdf | title = How to obtain permission to reprint The Way to Happiness booklets | accessdate = 2006-12-02 | publisher = The Way to Happiness Foundation International}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Archives==<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Bob | last = Henderson | title = Vault to get Hubbard's writings | url = http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/50647275.html?dids=50647275:50647275&amp;FMT=FT&amp;FMTS=ABS:FT | work = | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1991-07-25]] | accessdate = 2007-12-12 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late 1980s.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structure==<br /> The very first time the Church of Spiritual Technology was mentioned publicly to scientologists by COB RTC David Miscavige in 2000 on the New Year's event. &lt;ref&gt;[http://freezone.najbjerg.info/dokumenter/the-new-year-2000-event?set_language=en New Year 2000 event speech excerpt, by D.Miscavige]&lt;/ref&gt; Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ Faculty | UW School of Law&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), as well as the Scientologist general directors and staff, the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS - United States Claims Court, June 29 1992&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> <br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[[Scientology]]<br /> *[[Dianetics]]<br /> *[[Church of Scientology]]<br /> *[[Religious Technology Center]]<br /> *[[Church of Scientology International]]<br /> *[[List of Scientology Organizations]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> [[ru:Церковь духовной технологии]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738424 Fair Game (Scientology) 2008-06-15T19:24:29Z <p>AndroidCat: Undid revision 219228295 by 68.158.0.186 (talk) A web forum is not a WP:RS</p> <hr /> <div>The term '''Fair Game''' is used to describe various aggressive policies and practices carried out by the [[Church of Scientology]] towards people and groups it perceives as its enemies.<br /> <br /> ==Predecessors of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> <br /> In written policies dating from as early as the mid-1950s, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]] told his followers to take a punitive line towards perceived opponents. In [[1955]], he wrote &quot;the law can be used very easily to harass&amp;nbsp;... The purpose of the suit is to harass and discourage, rather than to win – if possible, of course, ruin [the target] utterly&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, &quot;The Scientologist - A Manual on the Dissemination of Material&quot;, reprinted in The Technical Bulletins of Dianetics and Scientology volume 2, pp.151-171, 1979 printing&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> His confidential ''Manual of Justice'' of [[1959]] advocated using private investigators, as critics were invariably &quot;found to be members of the Communist Party or criminals, usually both. The smell of police or private detectives caused them to fly, to close down, to confess.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard (1959) ''[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/man_just.htm Manual of Justice]'', page 5&lt;/ref&gt; In a very similar vein, he advised that &quot;If attacked on some vulnerable point by anyone or anything or any organization, always find or manufacture enough threat against them to cause them to sue for peace.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard, &quot;Dept of Government Affairs&quot;, Hubbard Communication Office Policy Letter of [[15 August]] [[1960]]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Fair Game Law==<br /> <br /> In 1965 Hubbard formulated the '''&quot;Fair Game Law&quot;''', which states how to deal with people who interfere with Scientology's activities. These problematic people, called [[Suppressive Person|suppressive persons]], could be considered &quot;fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist.&lt;ref&gt;L. Ron Hubbard, Hubbard Communication Office Policy Letter 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot; [[1965-03-01]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year, Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL [[2 April]] [[1965]], &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed.&lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> When a man named Peter Goodwin in Hampshire, England purchased a high-level Scientology course for £250 and resold it to friends for £50, Hubbard personally issued an Ethics order which &quot;withdrew any future help from Goodwin and his associates, (presumably for eternity), and threatened the most dire retaliations.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Vosper, Cyril. ''The Mind Benders'', Herts: Mayflower Books, 1973. p. 109&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellation of the term &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard canceled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''.&lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> This letter states that it cancels only the use of the term &quot;fair game&quot; for its &quot;bad PR&quot; effect, and not the policy on the treatment of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; in question.<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard said in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> <br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a license to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of [[22 March]] [[1976]], quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing aggressive policy==<br /> <br /> An Ethics Order dating from [[March 6]] [[1968]], issued by L. Ron Hubbard aboard his boat the Royal Scotsman, lists twelve scientologists who were accused of distributing altered versions of upper level technology. Hubbard writes &quot;They are fair game. No amnesty may ever cover them. [...] Any Sea Org member contacting them is to use [[R2-45|Auditing Process R2-45]].&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite paper | author=L. Ron Hubbard | title=HCO ETHICS ORDER | date=[[1968-03-06]] | version=No. 30 INT | publisher = Advanced Organisation Yacht Royal Scotman, via U.S. Dist. Court. S.D. of N.Y. | url=http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/cult/hco-ethics-order-30.html | accessdate=2006-06-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;&quot;Racket Exposed&quot;, ''The Auditor'', issue 37, 1968. [http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/cult/auditor37.html Excerpt]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Critical authors such as [[Jon Atack]] and websites such as [[Operation Clambake]], who make no reference to the existence of HCOPL 21 July 68 canceling the original penalties, use the wording of HCOPL 21 Oct 68 to assert that the practices outlined in HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV have been canceled in name only.&lt;ref name=Atack&gt;[http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html Jon Atack - General report on Scientology&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/fairgame-e.html Operation Clambake: Fair Game]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Church has indeed retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies,&lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Ultra&gt;{{cite web | first = Douglas | last = Frantz | title = An Ultra-Aggressive Use of Investigators and the Courts | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F01E3D71639F93AA35750C0A961958260&amp;sec=&amp;spon=&amp;pagewanted=all | work = [[New York Times]]| date = [[1997-03-09]] | accessdate = 2008-04-01 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and argued as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Apart from critics, several judges and juries have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics and penalties described in the October 1967 Policy Letter continued beyond both Hubbard's July 1968 Policy Letter canceling these penalties, and beyond his October 1968 order canceling the use of the term Fair Game.&lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-29]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written ... But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Atack /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/latey.html Judgment by Mr. Justice Latey, Royal Courts of Justice 23rd July, 1984]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For example, Lord Justice Stephenson, in the judgement in ''Church of Scientology of California'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979], declined to order [[discovery (law)|discovery]] in favour of the Church of Scientology on the grounds that there was a real risk of harassment of the persons named in the documents:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;I have carefully considered the documents to which we have been referred and some to which we have not. I am satisfied by my consideration of the documents that there is a real risk that all three categories of documents may be misused, ie not for legitimate purposes of the action but for harassment of individual patients, informants and renegades named in them, not only by proceedings for defamation against them but by threats and blackmail, and that they may be distributed to those in other parts of this worldwide organisation who may misuse them in the same way.<br /> <br /> I am thinking chiefly of the 'fair game law' against suppressive persons expounded in the HCO policy letter of 1 March 1965 and referred to in the particulars, and the policy letter of 21 October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&lt;ref&gt;''CoS'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979] 3 All ER 97&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recent events==<br /> In recent years, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicki Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth.&lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Court cases involving &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> ===The case of L. Gene Allard, 1976===<br /> <br /> In 1976, the Church was found legally liable for the malicious prosecution of a dissatisfied Scientologist named L. Gene Allard who left Scientology in 1969. The suit specifically charged the Church with &quot;Fair Gaming&quot; Allard according to Church policy.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}<br /> <br /> ===The case of Lawrence Wollersheim, 1980===<br /> In a long and contentious trial, [[Lawrence Wollersheim]], a former Scientologist, alleged that he had been harassed and his business nearly destroyed as a result of &quot;fair game&quot; measures. During appeals, the Church again claimed &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and was thus a constitutionally protected activity. That claim was denied by the appellate court on [[July 18]], [[1989]]. After over 20 years of legal wrangling, the Church of Scientology paid Wollersheim the amount of the judgement, plus interest: $8,674,643. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Richard |last=Leiby |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&amp;contentId=A63143-2002May9 |title=Ex-Scientologist Collects $8.7 Million In 22-Year-Old Case |work=[[The Washington Post]] |page=A03 |date=[[2002-05-10]] |accessdate=2006-06-13 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===The case of Jakob Anderson, 1981===<br /> In the March 11-16, 1981, Danish court case of Jakob Anderson vs The Church Of Scientology of Denmark, ex-Guardian's Office operative Vibeke Dammon testified that the Church did in fact practice Fair Game and had done so in Anderson's case, in an attempt to get Anderson committed to a psychiatric hospital.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}<br /> <br /> ===The case of Gerald Armstrong, 1984===<br /> In 1980, Scientologist and [[Sea Org]] officer [[Gerry Armstrong (activist)|Gerry Armstrong]] was assigned to organize some of Hubbard's personal papers as the basis for a biography of Hubbard. Omar Garrison, a non-Scientologist known to be sympathetic to Scientology, was hired to write the biography. Both Armstrong and Garrison quickly realized that the papers reflected unfavorably on Hubbard, and revealed that many of Hubbard's claimed accomplishments were exaggerations or outright fabrications. Garrison abandoned the project, and a disillusioned Armstrong and his wife left the Church, retaining copies of the embarrassing materials as insurance against the expected harassment to come.&lt;ref name = Millions&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert | last = Lindsey | title = Scientology chief got millions, ex-aides say | url = http://www.lermanet.com/scientologynews/nytimes/scientology-chief-got-millions-071184.html | work = | publisher = New York Times | date = [[1984-07-11]] | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Armstrong was sued by the Church in 1982 for the theft of private documents. The &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy became an issue in court. Armstrong won the case, in part because the Judge ruled that Armstrong, as a Scientologist of long standing, knew that fair game was practiced, and had good reason to believe that possession of these papers would be necessary to defend himself against illegal persecution by the Church.&lt;ref name=mind&gt;{{cite web | first = Joel | last = Sappell | coauthors = Welkos, Robert W. | title = The Mind Behind the Religon | url = http://www.latimes.com/la-scientology062490,0,7104164,full.story | work = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-24]] | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In a scathing decision, Judge Paul Breckenridge wrote:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;In addition to violating and abusing its own members civil-rights, the organization over the years with its &quot;Fair Game&quot; doctrine has harassed and abused those persons not in the Church whom it perceives as enemies. The organization clearly is schizophrenic and paranoid, and the bizarre combination seems to be a reflection of its founder LRH. The evidence portrays a man who has been virtually a pathological liar when it comes to his history, background, and achievements&amp;nbsp;... In determining whether the defendant unreasonably invaded Mrs. Hubbard's privacy, the court is satisfied the invasion was slight, and the reasons and justification for the defendant's conduct manifest. Defendant was told by Scientology to get an attorney. He was declared an enemy by the Church. He believed, reasonably, that he was subject to &quot;fair game.&quot; The only way he could defend himself, his integrity, and his wife was to take that which was available to him and place it in a safe harbor, to wit, his lawyer's custody. (Judge Paul Breckenridge, Los Angeles Superior Court, June 20, 1984)&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> During the trial, the Church hired Frank K. Flynn, an adjunct professor of comparative religions, to write a report arguing that Fair Game was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and thus should be considered a constitutionally protected activity.{{Fact|date=April 2008}}<br /> <br /> ==History of Fair Game in the UK==<br /> In the UK, targets of Fair Game and related harassment over the years have included ex-members, authors, journalists, broadcasters, the mental health profession, cult-monitoring groups, government and law enforcement.<br /> <br /> Maurice William Johnson was a scientologist who resigned in June 1966 and successfully sued for his money back. He told a court that after leaving he had received over 100 abusive letters, many of them using violent language. An article in &quot;The Auditor&quot;, a Scientology publication, was produced to the court, stating outright that Johnson was &quot;fair game&quot; and describing him as &quot;an enemy of mankind, the planets and all life.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology is slammed in court as &quot;evil cult&quot;|publisher=East Grinstead Observer|date=1968-06-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology &quot;brainwash': JP's comment as ex-student is cleared of theft|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1968-06-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Documents seized by the [[FBI]] in raids on the Church's US headquarters in July 1977 listed some operations against their British enemies. An agent had been sent to investigate Sir John Foster, author of the [[Foster Report|official UK Government inquiry into Scientology]], in an attempt to link him to [[Paulette Cooper]], author of [[The Scandal of Scientology]] and victim of [[Operation Freakout]]. The documents showed that [[Lord Balniel]], who had requested the official inquiry, was also a target. Hubbard had written, &quot;get a detective on that lord's past to unearth the tit-bits&quot;. A memo from Jane Kember, the Church's [[Saint Hill Manor|Saint Hill]]-based &quot;Guardian&quot; (or worldwide head of intelligence) reported that agents had got hold of a [[Metropolitan Police]] report on the Church. She asked for related documents so that a lawsuit against the police could be &quot;mocked up&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;dirtytricks1980&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Snow White's dirty tricks|publisher=The Guardian|date=1980-02-07|last=Beresford|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> According to a memo of [[6 May]] [[1971]], Hubbard blamed the [[Mind (charity)|National Association for Mental Health (NAMH)]] and [[World Federation for Mental Health]] for attacks on Scientology and named Mary Appleby, secretary of the NAMH, as the ultimate source.&lt;ref name=&quot;dirtytricks1980&quot; /&gt; Starting in [[1969]], the NAMH was the target of a mass infiltration campaign by [[Scientologists]] who tried to take over key offices and change the organisation's policy on [[psychiatry]]. The large numbers of new membership applications just before a deadline raised the suspicion of the existing members and led to a mass explusion. The [[Church of Scientology]] sued unsuccessfully in an attempt to get their members reinstated.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Rolph, C. H.|title=[[Believe What You Like]]: What happened between the Scientologists and the National Association for Mental Health|date=1973|publisher=Andre Deutsch Limited|isbn=0-233-96375-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Kenneth Robinson]], a Minister for Health, had attributed Scientology's success to its targeting &quot;the weak, the unbalanced, the immature, the rootless and mentally and emotionally unstable&quot; and said its practices were &quot;a potential menace to the personality and well-being of those so deluded as to become its followers&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Bid to Muzzle Us Fails|publisher=News of the World|date=1969-05-04|last=Warren|first=Robert}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;David Lancashire ''&quot;Largest Mental Health Institution&quot; Becomes Storm Center in Britain'' Iowa City Press-Citizen. [[1968-09-11]] Online at http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/19680911-iowacitypresscitizen.html Retrieved on 2008-03-05&lt;/ref&gt; Scientology publications titled &quot;Freedom Scientology&quot;, &quot;Freedom and Scientology&quot; and &quot;Freedom&quot; conducted a libel campaign against him, beginning in 1968. According to these newsletters, he was responsible for creating &quot;death camps&quot; to which innocent people were being kidnapped to be killed or maimed at will. Robinson successfully sued for libel, prompting a total retraction and substantial damages.&lt;ref&gt;''Church of Scientology to pay libel damages to former Minister'' The Times [[1973-06-06]] Online at http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/19730606-thetimes.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Roy Wallis]] was the author of &quot;The Road to Total Freedom: A Sociological Analysis of Scientology&quot;, first published in 1976. After the publication of the book, a Scientology agent visited Stirling University where Wallis was teaching and tried to get him to implicate himself in the drug scene. Subsequently, forged letters apparently from Wallis were sent to his colleagues implicating him in scandalous activities including a homosexual love affair.&lt;ref&gt;Roy Wallis (1977) &quot;The Moral Career of the Research Project&quot; in Colin Bell and Howard Newby (Eds) ''Doing Sociological Research'' London: Allen and Unwin. ISBN 0029023505&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Stewart Lamont (1986) ''Religion Inc.: The Church of Scientology'' London: Harrap. ISBN 0-245-54334-1. page 87&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Journalist [[Russell Miller]] wrote a biography of [[L. Ron Hubbard]] entitled &quot;[[Bare-Faced Messiah]]&quot;, which was published in 1987. He was spied on while researching the book in the USA, and his friends and business associates received visits from scientologists and private detectives. Attempts were made to frame him for the murder of a London private detective, the murder of singer [[Dean Reed]] in East Berlin and a fire in an aircraft factory.&lt;ref&gt;Robert W. Welkos &quot;Shudder into silence: The Church of Scientology doesn't take kindly to negative coverage&quot; ''The Quill'', November/December 1991&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;punch&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=See you in court|publisher=Punch|date=1988-02-19|last=Miller|first=Russell|pages=46}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult threatens to sue on book|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-11-01|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Hounded by the church of stars and hype|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1997-01-19|last=Driscoll|first=Margarette|coauthors=Haynes, Steven}}&lt;/ref&gt; Senior executives at publishers Michael Joseph, and at the [[Sunday Times]], which serialised the book, received threatening phone calls and also a visit from private investigator Eugene Ingram, who worked for the Church.&lt;ref name=&quot;stimes_dirty&quot; /&gt; Another private investigator, Jarl Grieve Einar Cynewulf, told Sunday Times journalists that he had been offered &quot;large sums of money&quot; to find a link between Miller and the [[CIA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult's private detective fires at journalists|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-11-08|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Church unsuccessfully tried for an injunction against Miller and Penguin Books to stop the book being published; a move that the judge described as &quot;both mischievous and misconceived&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stimes_dirty&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists In Dirty Campaign To Stop Book|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1987-10-18|pages=7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;punch&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1988, Scientology-connected group the [[Citizens Commission on Human Rights]] conducted a defamation campaign against [[Martin Roth|Professor Sir Martin Roth]], a [[Cambridge University]] professor of [[psychiatry]]. Material provided by the CCHR falsely alleged that experiments run by Professor Roth had damaged patients' brains with huge doses of [[LSD]], led to more than 20 deaths in an Australian hospital, and maimed human subjects in Canada. The Newcastle Times, which had published an article based on the CCHR material, admitted the falsity of the allegations and paid substantial libel damages in 1990.&lt;ref&gt;''Prof's Libel Victory Over LSD Claims'' Northern Echo [[1990-06-22]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/nre220690.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Jon Atack]], an ex-scientologist who left in 1983, wrote the book &quot;[[A Piece of Blue Sky|A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed]]&quot; and the pamphlet &quot;The Total Freedom Trap&quot; as well as providing research for &quot;[[Bare-Faced Messiah]]&quot;. He provided help to other members in leaving the organisation, as well as acting as an expert witness in various cases concerning Scientology. In response, Atack's home was repeatedly picketed by placard-carrying scientologists over the course of six days. Eugene Ingram, a private investigator employed by the Church, made visits to Atack, his elderly mother and other family and friends, spreading rumours that Atack would be going to prison. Scientologists also distributed leaflets entitled &quot;The Truth about Jon Atack&quot;, implying that he was a drug dealer who only criticised Scientology for money.&lt;ref name=&quot;palmer_intimidation&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Evening Argus ''Victims Who Are Fair Game'' [[1994-04-12]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/arg120494.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists picket house|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1994-03-18|last=Thompson|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Atack has complained of many additional forms of harassment. In 1991, he wrote, pairs of scientologists would arrive on his doorstep weekly to harangue him.&lt;ref&gt;Jon Atack (1995) ''Scientology: Religion or Intelligence Agency?'' Online at http://home.snafu.de/tilman/j/berlin.html Accessed [[2008-05-03]]&lt;/ref&gt; In a court filing, Atack wrote that scientologists had used their own publications and leaflets, a public meeting and a letter to the Sunday Times to spread rumours that he had been convicted for drug dealing and for &quot;lewdness&quot; and that he was guilty of other criminal activities including rape, attempted murder and kidnap. He also named an individual scientologist who apparently had made a frivolous complaint of child molestation to social services.&lt;ref&gt;Jon Atack ''Amended Particulars of Claim in Jonathan Caven-Atack vs. Church Of Scientology Religious Education College Inc. et al.'' Haywards Heath County Court, Case No. HH 402401 Online at http://www.religio.de/atack/hh402401.html Retrieved on 2008-03-05&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Atack eventually went bankrupt due to the cost of defending himself against legal action from the Church.&lt;ref&gt;''Writer is quizzed by creditors'' Nottingham Evening Post [[1996-04-27]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/nep270496.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt; He is not the only one to have been driven bankrupt. According to [[Baroness Sharples]] speaking in the [[House of Lords]], a number of ex-scientologists &quot;have been both threatened and harassed and a considerable number of them have been made bankrupt by the church.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Peer declares scientology membership|publisher=Press Association|date=1996-12-17|last=Evans|first=Andrew|url=|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> During 1995, Beverley Ryall, a solicitor based in Chichester, was visited at midnight by a policewoman and by the head of the Church of Scientology's Bournemouth mission after a false tip-off that she was holding stolen documents in her house. She also reported a late night visit from Eugene Ingram. At that time Ryall was helping ex-scientologists in litigation against the Church.&lt;ref&gt;''Victims Who Are Fair Game'' Evening Argus [[1994-04-12]] Online at http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/arg120494.html Retrieved on 2008-05-03&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;palmer_intimidation&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult Accused of Intimidation|publisher=Sunday Times|date=1994-04-03|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt; She told a local paper, &quot;They have been harassing my clients and it is quite wrong. [...] They are just trying to intimidate me with Gestapo tactics.&quot; In response, a Scientology spokeswoman said that these allegations &quot;are made by people who are lamenting and crying because they have a guilty conscience.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Cult Using Gestapo Tactics Says Woman|publisher=Chichester Observer|date=1994-04-07|last=Hewitt|first=Phil}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> An American who moved to Britain, Bonnie Woods had been a member of the [[Sea Organisation]] but left Scientology in 1982. Since 1992, she and her husband Richard have run a telephone helpline for families affected by Scientology. Having been declared a [[Suppressive Person]], she had her house picketed and her family were put under surveillance. Private investigator Eugene Ingram persuaded a creditor of Richard Woods' failed building firm to accept free help from scientologists to pursue her money. As a result, the family were bankrupted.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology's Campaign Of Hate, By &quot;Cult Busters&quot;|publisher=The American|date=1998-03-06|last=Nicolova|first=Rossitsa|pages=5}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Having been a target of investigation by Eugene Ingram, Bonnie told a local paper, &quot;The biggest concern I have is for my children. Obviously I worry about their safety. I can never let them answer the phone or the door.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Escape route from Scientology has never been busier&quot; ''East Grinstead Courier'' [[1994-04-15]]&lt;/ref&gt; Scientologists spread leaflets around her [[East Grinstead]] neighbourhood calling her a &quot;hate campaigner&quot;. After six years of litigation, eventually reaching the [[High Court of Justice|High Court]], the Church of Scientology admitted that the claims were lies and paid damages and costs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists pay for libel|publisher=The Guardian|date=1999-06-09|last=Dyer|first=Clare|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/1999/jun/09/claredyer|accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Cult pays £155,000 over hate campaign'' Daily Mail [[1999-06-09]]&lt;/ref&gt; She told journalists that during the case she had been subjected to a &quot;level of harassment that most people would find intolerable&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=My victory joy after six year battle with cult|publisher=The Express|date=1999-06-09|last=Palmer|first=Richard}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1995 a campaigning group was formed, calling itself Families Under Scientology Stress, to bring together ex-members and concerned families.&lt;ref&gt;''Making a FUSS over Scientology'' Evening Echo, Bournemouth [[1995-07-13]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;buss1995&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=New pressure group under fire from cult|publisher=East Grinstead Courier|date=1995-07-14|last=Buss|first=Cathy|pages=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Two members of FUSS, Richard and Judy Price of Tonbridge in Kent, were amongst those who received threats of legal action from the Church's solicitor, accusing them of planning &quot;unlawful and tortuous acts&quot; against the Church. The Prices told a local newspaper that they were suffering &quot;harassment and intimidation&quot; including unsolicited visitors to their house late at night.&lt;ref name=&quot;buss1995&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=We Live In Fear: Cult threatens legal action over defamation|publisher=Tonbridge Courier|date=1995-07-14|last=Gow|first=Sheila}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Church of Scientology spread a rumour to the press that Richard Price was an [[alcoholic]], which he denied.&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> When [[Twenty Twenty Television]] made a documentary for national television called &quot;Inside the Cult&quot;, using undercover filming, the Church of Scientology took out an abusive private prosecution against the reporter, producer and production company, which was eventually thrown out.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologist's Court Case Thrown Out By Magistrates|publisher=UK Press Gazette |date=1995-09-25|last=Methven|first=Nicola|quote=City of London magistrates dismissed private prosecutions for theft brought by the Scientologists against Braund, producer Claudia Milne and Twenty Twenty Television as an abuse of process.}}&lt;/ref&gt; At around the same time, cars belonging to the team had their windows smashed in, and the reporter's mobile phone was cloned and used to run up huge bills. The staff said these events were part of a harassment campaign in response to their documentary, although no connection with Scientology was ever proved and the allegations were denied by the Church.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientology film team targeted by vandals|publisher=East Grinstead Observer|date=1995-07-16|last=Harrison|first=David}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Cult-monitoring organisations have also been targeted. The Church of Scientology released a dossier about the UK's [[Cult Information Centre]] in 1997. This exposed personal financial details of its General Secretary, Ian Howarth and attempted to link him to a convicted criminal. Another dossier about FAIR ([[Family Action Information Resource]]) held lurid allegations about the sex life of an ex-official.&lt;ref name=&quot;hounded&quot; /&gt;<br /> <br /> Paul Bracchi was a journalist at local paper the [[Evening Argus]] and later at the national [[Daily Mail]]. He revealed in 2007 that after writing a series of investigative articles on the Church for the Evening Argus, he was subjected to a &quot;vicious smear campaign&quot; that included defamatory leaflets, threatening letters and faxes and an attempt to find his ex-directory telephone number. One of his sources was a scientologist who was suspected of stealing documents. According to Bracchi, the man had been kidnapped and taken to Saint Hill Manor to be interrogated and subsequently received a written [[Suppressive Person]] declare, confirming that he was Fair Game. After that, he and his partner received anonymous death threats almost daily until they moved away.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=&quot;Tom Cruise's Church of hate tried to destroy me&quot;|publisher=Daily Mail|date=2007-05-19|last=Bracchi|first=Paul|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/femail/article.html?in_article_id=455886&amp;in_page_id=1879|accessdate=2008-05-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1997, the makers of &quot;Secret Lives: L. Ron Hubbard&quot;, a biographical television documentary, reported various forms of harassment. Private detective Eugene Ingram visited friends and associates of members of the team, spreading rumours that they were involved in crimes including money-laundering. A scientologist agent phoned friends of the director and producer, posing as a member of a survey organisation and thereby tricking the phone contacts into revealing their addresses. Those who did were visited by private detectives. It is not known how the agent obtained the numbers that the programme makers had dialled from their private phones.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Detective on trail of TV pair|publisher=Daily Telegraph|date=1997-11-20|last=Uttley|first=Tom|pages=14|url=http://cosmedia.freewinds.cx/media/articles/dtl201197.html|accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> During the making of the programme, the crew said that they were trailed by private detectives in the United States and Canada as well as in England.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Why Channel 4 is haunted by Scientology|publisher=Independent on Sunday|date=1997-11-09|last=Blackhurst|first=Chris}}&lt;/ref&gt; A film crew calling itself &quot;Freedom TV&quot; made unannounced visits to the homes of the programme makers to film them.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Travolta begs Channel 4 not to attack Scientology|publisher=Independent on Sunday|date=1997-11-09|last=Blackhurst|first=Chris|url=|accessdate=}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> When the [[Panorama (TV series)|BBC Panorama]] television programme visited the USA in 2007 to film a documentary about the Church, Scientology representatives followed them and repeatedly harangued them. Unknown men also trailed the team, one even appearing at the wedding of reporter [[John Sweeney (journalist)|John Sweeney]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Scientologists to BBC: what planet are you on?|publisher=The Sunday Times|date=2007-05-13|last=Swinford|first=Steven|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article1782050.ece |accessdate=2008-05-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;BBC 1 (TV) The Heaven and Earth Show with Gloria Hunniford [[2007-05-13]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=panorama&gt;{{cite episode | title = Scientology and Me | episodelink= Scientology and Me | series = Panorama | serieslink = Panorama (TV series) | airdate = 2007-05-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sweeney later complained of being &quot;chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers [...] In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing use of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> Despite the ostensible cancellation of &quot;Fair Game,&quot; it continued to cause serious damage to the Church's image and reputation for years afterwards. A series of court cases in England in the [[1970s]] saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; being strongly criticised by senior judges, with (for instance) [[Robert Goff|Lord Justice Goff]] citing it to highlight what he described as the Church's &quot;deplorable means adopted to suppress inquiry or criticism.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Church of Scientology of California v. Kaufman (1973) RPC 635&lt;/ref&gt; Similarly, in other cases, Lord Justice Megaw discussed &quot;Fair Game&quot; at length and concluded that the plaintiffs (the Church) &quot;are or have been protecting their secrets by deplorable means&quot; and &quot;do not come with [[unclean hands|clean hands]] to this court in asking the court to protect those secrets&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/vosper.html Hubbard and another v Vosper and another] (1971)&lt;/ref&gt;, and Lord Justice Stephenson noted &quot;the policy letter of 1st October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/dhss.html Church of Scientology of California v Department of Health and Social Security and others] (All England Law Reports (1979), vol. 3)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> It later emerged that &quot;Fair Game&quot; had actually continued in use until at least [[1980]], despite its cancellation, and there have been frequent allegations that it has remained in force since then. During the 1970s the [[Guardian's Office]] (GO) of the Church of Scientology, headed by Hubbard's wife [[Mary Sue Hubbard|Mary Sue]], conducted a wide-ranging and systematic series of espionage and intimidation operations against perceived enemies of Scientology. (See [[Operation Freakout]] for a noteworthy example.)<br /> <br /> The doctrine of &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a central element of the GO's operational policies. The original &quot;cancelled&quot; Fair Game policy is listed as a reference for GO staff in its confidential ''Intelligence Course'', &lt;ref&gt;Guardian Order, ''Confidential - Intelligence Course'', 9 September 1974, p.18&lt;/ref&gt; which was later entered into evidence in a US Federal court case in 1979. &lt;ref&gt;''United States vs. Mary Sue Hubbard et al.'', 493 F. Supp. 209, (D.D.C. 1979)&lt;/ref&gt; During the case Church lawyers admitted that the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy had continued to be put into effect long after its supposed cancellation in 1968. Indeed, according to an ''[[American Lawyer]]'' investigation, &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics had been used to force the withdrawal of the presiding judge in an attempt to &quot;throw&quot; the case. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/media/am-lawyer-1980.html Scientology's War Against Judges]&quot;, ''American Lawyer'', December 1980&lt;/ref&gt; As the US Government's attorneys put it,<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Defendants, through one of their attorneys, have stated that the fair game policy continued in effect well after the indictment in this case and the conviction of the first nine co-defendants. Defendants claim that the policy was abrogated by the Church's Board of Directors in late July or early August, 1980, only after the defendants' personal attack on [[Charles Richey|Judge Richey]].&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Sentencing Memorandum of the United States of America, Mary Sue Hubbard et al, Criminal Case No. 78-401, 3 December 1979&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The abrogation mentioned above was issued in a policy letter of 22 July 1980, &quot;Ethics, Cancellation of Fair Game, more about&quot;, issued by the Boards of Directors of the Churches of Scientology. However, this cancellation was itself cancelled in a subsequent HCO Policy Letter of 8 September 1983, &quot;Cancellation of Issues on Suppressive Acts and PTSes&quot;, which cancelled a number of HCOPLs on the ground that they &quot;were not written by the Founder [Hubbard]&quot;. In two subsequent court cases the Church defended &quot;Fair Game&quot; as a &quot;core practice of Scientology&quot;, and claimed that it was therefore protected as &quot;religious expression&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;Frank K. Flinn testimony in Church of Scientology of California, 1984, vol.23, pp.4032-4160&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Since then, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In [[1994]], [[Vicky Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> :Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth. &lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Further policy modifications===<br /> The current policy on the handling of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; was promulgated in [[1991]]. &lt;ref&gt;HCO Policy Letter of 23 December 1965RB, revised 8 January 1991, ''Suppressive Acts Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists''&lt;/ref&gt; It does not include the words &quot;Fair Game&quot;, but sets out the type of acts considered to be &quot;suppressive&quot; and spells out how to deal with such situations. It concludes with this statement:<br /> :Nothing in this policy letter shall ever or under any circumstances justify any violation of the laws of the land or intentional legal wrongs. Any such offense shall subject the offender to penalties prescribed by law as well as to ethics and justice actions.<br /> Critics have noted that this does not exclude the possibility of what might be termed &quot;legal but unethical&quot; actions such as the so-called &quot;dead agenting&quot; tactics of which the Church has often been accused. While the term &quot;fair game&quot; is not included in any publicly disclosed and current Church policy, critics of the Church have often charged that it continues to attack its perceived enemies relentlessly through any means possible. [http://www.lermanet.com/persecution/]<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#&quot;Dead agenting&quot;|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> * [[Keeping Scientology Working]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: [http://www.lermanet.com/cos/aujurist.html &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;], ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[9 June]], [[1999]]<br /> *Fair Gamed Web Site, [http://www.fairgamed.org/ Some victims of Scientology's Fair Game Policy]<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738384 Fair Game (Scientology) 2008-04-15T05:45:58Z <p>AndroidCat: Cites for Gerry</p> <hr /> <div>The term '''Fair Game''' is used to describe various aggressive policies and practices carried out by the [[Church of Scientology]] towards people and groups it perceives as its enemies.<br /> <br /> ==Fair Game Law==<br /> <br /> In 1965, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]], formulated the '''&quot;Fair Game Law&quot;''', which states how to deal with people who interfere with Scientology's activities. These problematic people, called [[Suppressive Person|suppressive persons]], could be considered &quot;fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year, Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL [[2 April]] [[1965]], &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed.&lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> When a man named Peter Goodwin in Hampshire, England purchased a high-level Scientology course for £250 and resold it to friends for £50, Hubbard personally issued an Ethics order which &quot;withdrew any future help from Goodwin and his associates, (presumably for eternity), and threatened the most dire retaliations.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Vosper, Cyril. ''The Mind Benders'', Herts: Mayflower Books, 1973. p. 109&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellation==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard canceled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''.&lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> This letter states that it cancels only the use of the term &quot;fair game&quot; for its &quot;bad PR&quot; effect, and not the policy on the treatment of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; in question. For example, Lord Justice Stephenson, in the judgement in ''Church of Scientology of California'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979], declined to order [[discovery (law)|discovery]] in favour of the Church of Scientology on the grounds that there was a real risk of harassment of the persons named in the documents.<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;I have carefully considered the documents to which we have been referred and some to which we have not. I am satisfied by my consideration of the documents that there is a real risk that all three categories of documents may be misused, ie not for legitimate purposes of the action but for harassment of individual patients, informants and renegades named in them, not only by proceedings for defamation against them but by threats and blackmail, and that they may be distributed to those in other parts of this worldwide organisation who may misuse them in the same way.<br /> <br /> I am thinking chiefly of the 'fair game law' against suppressive persons expounded in the HCO policy letter of 1 March 1965 and referred to in the particulars, and the policy letter of 21 October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&lt;ref&gt;''CoS'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979] 3 All ER 97&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard later said in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> <br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a license to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of [[22 March]] [[1976]], quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing aggressive policy==<br /> <br /> Critical authors such as [[Jon Atack]] and websites such as [[Operation Clambake]], who make no reference to the existence of HCOPL 21 July 68 canceling the original penalties, use the wording of HCOPL 21 Oct 68 to assert that the practices outlined in HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV have been canceled in name only.&lt;ref name=Atack&gt;[http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html Jon Atack - General report on Scientology&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/fairgame-e.html Operation Clambake: Fair Game]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Church has indeed retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies,&lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Ultra&gt;{{cite web | first = Douglas | last = Frantz | title = An Ultra-Aggressive Use of Investigators and the Courts | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F01E3D71639F93AA35750C0A961958260&amp;sec=&amp;spon=&amp;pagewanted=all | work = [[New York Times ]]| date = [[1997-03-09]] | accessdate = 2008-04-01 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and argued as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Apart from critics, several judges and juries have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics and penalties described in the October 1967 Policy Letter continued beyond both Hubbard's July 1968 Policy Letter canceling these penalties, and beyond his October 1968 order canceling the use of the term Fair Game.&lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-29]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written ... But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Atack /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/latey.html Judgment by Mr. Justice Latey, Royal Courts of Justice 23rd July, 1984]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recent events==<br /> In recent years, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicki Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth.&lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The BBC Panorama investigation into Scientology indicated that similar practices continued into 2007:<br /> <br /> On May 12, 2007 Journalist [[John Sweeney (journalist)|John Sweeney]] of BBC News made comments highly critical of Scientology and its teachings, and further reported that since beginning an extensive investigation he had been harassed, surveilled, and investigated by strangers. Sweeney wrote, &quot;I have been shouted at, spied on, had my hotel invaded at midnight, denounced as a &quot;bigot&quot; by star Scientologists, brain-washed ... and chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers. Back in Britain strangers have called on my neighbours, my mother-in-law's house and someone spied on my wedding and fled the moment he was challenged.&quot; In another passage, &quot;He (Scientology representative [[Tom Davis (Scientologist)|Tom Davis]]) harangued me for talking to ... heretics. I told him that Scientology had been spying on the BBC and that was creepy.&quot; And in another passage, &quot;In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Court cases involving &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> ===The case of L. Gene Allard, 1976===<br /> <br /> In 1976, the Church was found legally liable for the malicious prosecution of a dissatisfied Scientologist named L. Gene Allard who left Scientology in 1969. The suit specifically charged the Church with &quot;Fair Gaming&quot; Allard according to Church policy.{{fact}}<br /> <br /> ===The case of Lawrence Wollersheim, 1980===<br /> In a long and contentious trial, [[Lawrence Wollersheim]], a former Scientologist, alleged that he had been harassed and his business nearly destroyed as a result of &quot;fair game&quot; measures. During appeals, the Church again claimed &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and was thus a constitutionally protected activity. That claim was denied by the appellate court on [[July 18]], [[1989]]. After over 20 years of legal wrangling, the Church of Scientology paid Wollersheim the amount of the judgement, plus interest: $8,674,643. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Richard |last=Leiby |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&amp;contentId=A63143-2002May9 |title=Ex-Scientologist Collects $8.7 Million In 22-Year-Old Case |work=[[The Washington Post]] |page=A03 |date=[[2002-05-10]] |accessdate=2006-06-13 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===The case of Jakob Anderson, 1981===<br /> In the March 11-16, 1981, Danish court case of Jakob Anderson vs The Church Of Scientology of Denmark, ex-Guardian's Office operative Vibeke Dammon testified that the Church did in fact practice Fair Game and had done so in Anderson's case, in an attempt to get Anderson committed to a psychiatric hospital.{{fact}}<br /> <br /> ===The case of Gerald Armstrong, 1984===<br /> In 1980, Scientologist and [[Sea Org]] officer [[Gerald Armstrong]] was assigned to organize some of Hubbard's personal papers as the basis for a biography of Hubbard. Omar Garrison, a non-Scientologist known to be sympathetic to Scientology, was hired to write the biography. Both Armstrong and Garrison quickly realized that the papers reflected unfavorably on Hubbard, and revealed that many of Hubbard's claimed accomplishments were exaggerations or outright fabrications. Garrison abandoned the project, and a disillusioned Armstrong and his wife left the Church, retaining copies of the embarrassing materials as insurance against the expected harassment to come.&lt;ref name = Millions&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert | last = Lindsey | title = Scientology chief got millions, ex-aides say | url = http://www.lermanet.com/scientologynews/nytimes/scientology-chief-got-millions-071184.html | work = | publisher = New York Times | date = [[1984-07-11]] | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Armstrong was sued by the Church in 1982 for the theft of private documents. The &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy became an issue in court. Armstrong won the case, in part because the Judge ruled that Armstrong, as a Scientologist of long standing, knew that fair game was practiced, and had good reason to believe that possession of these papers would be necessary to defend himself against illegal persecution by the Church.&lt;ref name=mind&gt;{{cite web | first = Joel | last = Sappell | coauthors = Welkos, Robert W. | title = The Mind Behind the Religon | url = http://www.latimes.com/la-scientology062490,0,7104164,full.story | work = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-24]] | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In a scathing decision, Judge Paul Breckenridge wrote:<br /> <br /> ''&quot;In addition to violating and abusing its own members civil-rights, the organization over the years with its &quot;Fair Game&quot; doctrine has harassed and abused those persons not in the Church whom it perceives as enemies. The organization clearly is schizophrenic and paranoid, and the bizarre combination seems to be a reflection of its founder LRH. The evidence portrays a man who has been virtually a pathological liar when it comes to his history, background, and achievements...&quot;''<br /> ''&quot;In determining whether the defendant unreasonably invaded Mrs. Hubbard's privacy, the court is satisfied the invasion was slight, and the reasons and justification for the defendant's conduct manifest. Defendant was told by Scientology to get an attorney. He was declared an enemy by the Church. He believed, reasonably, that he was subject to &quot;fair game.&quot; The only way he could defend himself, his integrity, and his wife was to take that which was available to him and place it in a safe harbor, to wit, his lawyer's custody.&quot;'' (Judge Paul Breckenridge, Los Angeles Superior Court, June 20, 1984)<br /> During the trial, the Church hired Frank K. Flynn, an adjunct professor of comparative religions, to write a report arguing that Fair Game was a &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology and thus should be considered a constitutionally protected activity.{{fact}}<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing use of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> Despite the ostensible cancellation of &quot;Fair Game,&quot; it continued to cause serious damage to the Church's image and reputation for years afterwards. A series of court cases in England in the [[1970s]] saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; being strongly criticised by senior judges, with (for instance) [[Robert Goff|Lord Justice Goff]] citing it to highlight what he described as the Church's &quot;deplorable means adopted to suppress inquiry or criticism.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Church of Scientology of California v. Kaufman (1973) RPC 635&lt;/ref&gt;. Similarly, in other cases, Lord Justice Megaw discussed &quot;Fair Game&quot; at length and concluded that the plaintiffs (the Church) &quot;are or have been protecting their secrets by deplorable means&quot; and &quot;do not come with [[unclean hands|clean hands]] to this court in asking the court to protect those secrets&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/vosper.html Hubbard and another v Vosper and another] (1971)&lt;/ref&gt;, and Lord Justice Stephenson noted &quot;the policy letter of 1st October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/dhss.html Church of Scientology of California v Department of Health and Social Security and others] (All England Law Reports (1979), vol. 3)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> It later emerged that &quot;Fair Game&quot; had actually continued in use until at least [[1980]], despite its cancellation, and there have been frequent allegations that it has remained in force since then. During the 1970s the [[Guardian's Office]] (GO) of the Church of Scientology, headed by Hubbard's wife [[Mary Sue Hubbard|Mary Sue]], conducted a wide-ranging and systematic series of espionage and intimidation operations against perceived enemies of Scientology. (See [[Operation Freakout]] for a noteworthy example.)<br /> <br /> The doctrine of &quot;Fair Game&quot; was a central element of the GO's operational policies. The original &quot;cancelled&quot; Fair Game policy is listed as a reference for GO staff in its confidential ''Intelligence Course'', &lt;ref&gt;Guardian Order, ''Confidential - Intelligence Course'', 9 September 1974, p.18&lt;/ref&gt; which was later entered into evidence in a US Federal court case in 1979. &lt;ref&gt;''United States vs. Mary Sue Hubbard et al.'', 493 F. Supp. 209, (D.D.C. 1979)&lt;/ref&gt; During the case Church lawyers admitted that the &quot;Fair Game&quot; policy had continued to be put into effect long after its supposed cancellation in 1968. Indeed, according to an ''[[American Lawyer]]'' investigation, &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics had been used to force the withdrawal of the presiding judge in an attempt to &quot;throw&quot; the case. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.gerryarmstrong.org/50grand/media/am-lawyer-1980.html Scientology's War Against Judges]&quot;, ''American Lawyer'', December 1980&lt;/ref&gt; As the US Government's attorneys put it,<br /> <br /> Defendants, through one of their attorneys, have stated that the fair game policy continued in effect well after the indictment in this case and the conviction of the first nine co-defendants. Defendants claim that the policy was abrogated by the Church's Board of Directors in late July or early August, 1980, only after the defendants' personal attack on [[Charles Richey|Judge Richey]].&lt;ref&gt;Sentencing Memorandum of the United States of America, Mary Sue Hubbard et al, Criminal Case No. 78-401, 3 December 1979&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The abrogation mentioned above was issued in a policy letter of 22 July 1980, &quot;Ethics, Cancellation of Fair Game, more about&quot;, issued by the Boards of Directors of the Churches of Scientology. However, this cancellation was itself cancelled in a subsequent HCO Policy Letter of 8 September 1983, &quot;Cancellation of Issues on Suppressive Acts and PTSes&quot;, which cancelled a number of HCOPLs on the ground that they &quot;were not written by the Founder [Hubbard]&quot;. In two subsequent court cases the Church defended &quot;Fair Game&quot; as a &quot;core practice of Scientology&quot;, and claimed that it was therefore protected as &quot;religious expression&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;Frank K. Flinn testimony in Church of Scientology of California, 1984, vol.23, pp.4032-4160&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Since then, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In [[1994]], [[Vicky Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> :Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth. &lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Further policy modifications===<br /> The current policy on the handling of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; was promulgated in [[1991]]. &lt;ref&gt;HCO Policy Letter of 23 December 1965RB, revised 8 January 1991, ''Suppressive Acts Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists''&lt;/ref&gt; It does not include the words &quot;Fair Game&quot;, but sets out the type of acts considered to be &quot;suppressive&quot; and spells out how to deal with such situations. It concludes with this statement:<br /> :Nothing in this policy letter shall ever or under any circumstances justify any violation of the laws of the land or intentional legal wrongs. Any such offense shall subject the offender to penalties prescribed by law as well as to ethics and justice actions.<br /> Critics have noted that this does not exclude the possibility of what might be termed &quot;legal but unethical&quot; actions such as the so-called &quot;dead agenting&quot; tactics of which the Church has often been accused. While the term &quot;fair game&quot; is not included in any publicly disclosed and current Church policy, critics of the Church have often charged that it continues to attack its perceived enemies relentlessly through any means possible. [http://www.lermanet.com/persecution/]<br /> <br /> ==Predecessors of &quot;Fair Game&quot;==<br /> <br /> As early as the mid-1950s, Hubbard advocated taking a punitive line towards the perceived enemies of Scientology. In [[1955]], Hubbard told Scientologists that &quot;the law can be used very easily to harass ... The purpose of the suit is to harass and discourage, rather than to win - if possible, of course, ruin [the target] utterly&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, &quot;The Scientologist - A Manual on the Dissemination of Material&quot;, reprinted in The Technical Bulletins of Dianetics and Scientology volume 2, pp.151-171, 1979 printing&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> His confidential ''Manual of Justice'' of [[1959]] advocated using private investigators, as critics were invariably &quot;found to be members of the Communist Party or criminals, usually both. The smell of police or private detectives caused them to fly, to close down, to confess.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, ''[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/man_just.htm Manual of Justice]'', p.5 (1959)&lt;/ref&gt; In a very similar vein, he advised that &quot;If attacked on some vulnerable point by anyone or anything or any organization, always find or manufacture enough threat against them to cause them to sue for peace.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, &quot;Dept of Government Affairs&quot;, HCO Policy Letter of 15 August 1960&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> By the time &quot;Fair Game&quot; was established, therefore, Hubbard already had a policy of taking direct action – whether in the courts or otherwise – against those he regarded as enemies. In this respect, &quot;Fair Game&quot; was merely a further development of a long-established approach.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#&quot;Dead agenting&quot;|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> * [[Keeping Scientology Working]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: [http://www.lermanet.com/cos/aujurist.html &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;], ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[9 June]], [[1999]]<br /> *Fair Gamed Web Site, [http://www.fairgamed.org/ Some victims of Scientology's Fair Game Policy]<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738378 Fair Game (Scientology) 2008-04-09T05:27:56Z <p>AndroidCat: Added ref</p> <hr /> <div>The term '''Fair Game''' is used to describe various aggressive policies and practices carried out by the [[Church of Scientology]] towards people and groups it perceives as its enemies.<br /> <br /> ==Fair Game Law==<br /> <br /> In 1965, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]], formulated the '''&quot;Fair Game Law&quot;''', which states how to deal with people who interfere with Scientology's activities. These problematic people, called [[Suppressive Person|suppressive persons]], could be considered &quot;fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year, Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL [[2 April]] [[1965]], &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed.&lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> When a man named Peter Goodwin in Hampshire, England purchased a high-level Scientology course for £250 and resold it to friends for £50, Hubbard personally issued an Ethics order which &quot;withdrew any future help from Goodwin and his associates, (presumably for eternity), and threatened the most dire retaliations.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Vosper, Cyril. ''The Mind Benders'', Herts: Mayflower Books, 1973. p. 109&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellation==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard canceled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''.&lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> This letter states that it cancels only the use of the term &quot;fair game&quot; for its &quot;bad PR&quot; effect, and not the policy on the treatment of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; in question. For example, Lord Justice Stephenson, in the judgement in ''Church of Scientology of California'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979], declined to order [[discovery (law)|discovery]] in favour of the Church of Scientology on the grounds that there was a real risk of harassment of the persons named in the documents.<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;I have carefully considered the documents to which we have been referred and some to which we have not. I am satisfied by my consideration of the documents that there is a real risk that all three categories of documents may be misused, ie not for legitimate purposes of the action but for harassment of individual patients, informants and renegades named in them, not only by proceedings for defamation against them but by threats and blackmail, and that they may be distributed to those in other parts of this worldwide organisation who may misuse them in the same way.<br /> <br /> I am thinking chiefly of the 'fair game law' against suppressive persons expounded in the HCO policy letter of 1 March 1965 and referred to in the particulars, and the policy letter of 21 October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&lt;ref&gt;''CoS'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979] 3 All ER 97&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard later said in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> <br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a license to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled.&lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of [[22 March]] [[1976]], quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing aggressive policy==<br /> <br /> Critical authors such as [[Jon Atack]] and websites such as [[Operation Clambake]], who make no reference to the existence of HCOPL 21 July 68 canceling the original penalties, use the wording of HCOPL 21 Oct 68 to assert that the practices outlined in HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV have been canceled in name only.&lt;ref name=Atack&gt;[http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html Jon Atack - General report on Scientology&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/fairgame-e.html Operation Clambake: Fair Game]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Church has indeed retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies,&lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Ultra&gt;{{cite web | first = Douglas | last = Frantz | title = An Ultra-Aggressive Use of Investigators and the Courts | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F01E3D71639F93AA35750C0A961958260&amp;sec=&amp;spon=&amp;pagewanted=all | work = [[New York Times ]]| date = [[1997-03-09]] | accessdate = 2008-04-01 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and argued as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Apart from critics, several judges and juries have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics and penalties described in the October 1967 Policy Letter continued beyond both Hubbard's July 1968 Policy Letter canceling these penalties, and beyond his October 1968 order canceling the use of the term Fair Game.&lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-29]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written ... But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Atack /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/latey.html Judgment by Mr. Justice Latey, Royal Courts of Justice 23rd July, 1984]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recent events==<br /> In recent years, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicki Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth.&lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The BBC Panorama investigation into Scientology indicated that similar practices continued into 2007:<br /> <br /> On May 12, 2007 Journalist [[John Sweeney (journalist)|John Sweeney]] of BBC News made comments highly critical of Scientology and its teachings, and further reported that since beginning an extensive investigation he had been harassed, surveilled, and investigated by strangers. Sweeney wrote, &quot;I have been shouted at, spied on, had my hotel invaded at midnight, denounced as a &quot;bigot&quot; by star Scientologists, brain-washed ... and chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers. Back in Britain strangers have called on my neighbours, my mother-in-law's house and someone spied on my wedding and fled the moment he was challenged.&quot; In another passage, &quot;He (Scientology representative [[Tom Davis (Scientologist)|Tom Davis]]) harangued me for talking to ... heretics. I told him that Scientology had been spying on the BBC and that was creepy.&quot; And in another passage, &quot;In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#&quot;Dead agenting&quot;|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> * [[Keeping Scientology Working]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: [http://www.lermanet.com/cos/aujurist.html &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;], ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[9 June]], [[1999]]<br /> *Fair Gamed Web Site, [http://www.fairgamed.org/ Some victims of Scientology's Fair Game Policy]<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738359 Fair Game (Scientology) 2008-03-17T19:32:37Z <p>AndroidCat: Undid revision 198921860 by 199.64.0.252 (talk) rv changes don&#039;t match source</p> <hr /> <div>The term '''Fair Game''' is used to describe various aggressive policies and practices carried out by the [[Church of Scientology]] towards people and groups it perceives as its enemies.<br /> <br /> ==Fair Game Law==<br /> <br /> In 1965, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]], formulated the '''&quot;Fair Game Law&quot;''', which states how to deal with people who interfere with Scientology's activities. These problematic people, called [[Suppressive Person|suppressive persons]], could be considered &quot;fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year, Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL [[2 April]] [[1965]], &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed. &lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> When a man named Peter Goodwin in Hampshire, England purchased a high-level Scientology course for £250 and resold it to friends for £50, Hubbard personally issued an Ethics order which &quot;withdrew any future help from Goodwin and his associates, (presumably for eternity), and threatened the most dire retaliations.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Vosper, Cyril. ''The Mind Benders'', Herts: Mayflower Books, 1973. p. 109&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellation==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard canceled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''. &lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> This letter states that it cancels only the use of the term &quot;fair game&quot; for its &quot;bad PR&quot; effect, and not the policy on the treatment of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; in question. For example, Lord Justice Stephenson, in the judgement in ''Church of Scientology of California'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979], declined to order [[discovery (law)|discovery]] in favour of the Church of Scientology on the grounds that there was a real risk of harassment of the persons named in the documents.<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;I have carefully considered the documents to which we have been referred and some to which we have not. I am satisfied by my consideration of the documents that there is a real risk that all three categories of documents may be misused, ie not for legitimate purposes of the action but for harassment of individual patients, informants and renegades named in them, not only by proceedings for defamation against them but by threats and blackmail, and that they may be distributed to those in other parts of this worldwide organisation who may misuse them in the same way.<br /> <br /> I am thinking chiefly of the 'fair game law' against suppressive persons expounded in the HCO policy letter of 1 March 1965 and referred to in the particulars, and the policy letter of 21 October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&lt;ref&gt;''CoS'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979] 3 All ER 97&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard later said in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> <br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a license to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of [[22 March]] [[1976]], quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing aggressive policy==<br /> <br /> Critical authors such as [[Jon Atack]] and websites such as [[Operation Clambake]], who make no reference to the existence of HCOPL 21 July 68 canceling the original penalties, use the wording of HCOPL 21 Oct 68 to assert that the practices outlined in HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV have been canceled in name only. &lt;ref name=Atack&gt;[http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html Jon Atack - General report on Scientology&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/fairgame-e.html Operation Clambake: Fair Game]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Church has indeed retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies, &lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt; and argued – unsuccessfully – as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Apart from critics, several judges and juries have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics and penalties described in the October 1967 Policy Letter continued beyond both Hubbard's July 1968 Policy Letter canceling these penalties, and beyond his October 1968 order canceling the use of the term Fair Game. &lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-29]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written ... But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Atack /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/audit/latey.html Judgment by Mr. Justice Latey, Royal Courts of Justice 23rd July, 1984]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recent events==<br /> In recent years, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicki Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth. &lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The BBC Panorama investigation into Scientology indicated that similar practices continued into 2007:<br /> <br /> On May 12, 2007 Journalist [[John Sweeney (journalist)|John Sweeney]] of BBC News made comments highly critical of Scientology and its teachings, and further reported that since beginning an extensive investigation he had been harassed, surveilled, and investigated by strangers. Sweeney wrote, &quot;I have been shouted at, spied on, had my hotel invaded at midnight, denounced as a &quot;bigot&quot; by star Scientologists, brain-washed ... and chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers. Back in Britain strangers have called on my neighbours, my mother-in-law's house and someone spied on my wedding and fled the moment he was challenged.&quot; In another passage, &quot;He (Scientology representative [[Tom Davis (Scientologist)|Tom Davis]]) harangued me for talking to ... heretics. I told him that Scientology had been spying on the BBC and that was creepy.&quot; And in another passage, &quot;In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#&quot;Dead agenting&quot;|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> * [[Keeping Scientology Working]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: [http://www.lermanet.com/cos/aujurist.html &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;], ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[9 June]], [[1999]]<br /> *Fair Gamed Web Site, [http://www.fairgamed.org/ Some victims of Scientology's Fair Game Policy]<br /> <br /> {{Scientology}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133592060 Scientology Int. Base 2008-02-21T06:27:28Z <p>AndroidCat: /* External links */ The exscn site is WP:EL LTA.11 and the scientology.org one is too general</p> <hr /> <div>{{coord|33|50|3.25|N|116|59|5.85|W|display=title}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is the informal name of the international headquarters of the [[Church of Scientology]]&lt;ref name=&quot;tabayoyan&quot;&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/aff_at.html Affidavit of Andre Tabayoyan] United States District Court, Central District of California case no. CV 91 6426 HLH (Tx)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;prince&quot;&gt;[http://lisatrust.bogie.nl/Media/video/legal/prince_erlich.pdf Affidavit of Jesse Prince] United States District Court, Central District of California, San Jose Division case no. C-95-20091 RMW (EAI)&lt;/ref&gt;, located on a {{convert|500|acre|sqkm|sing=on}} parcel of land near [[Hemet, California|Hemet]], California. The area is the home of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media and publications division of the church, which is the largest of the many organizational units located there. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live and work on the Base. &lt;ref name=&quot;quill&quot;&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;latimes&quot;&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==About the Base==<br /> The base is home to all of the highest level management units of the [[Church of Scientology]]&lt;ref name=&quot;tabayoyan&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;prince&quot;/&gt;, all of which are staffed by [[Sea Organization]] members. Among the organizations there are the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and [[Golden Era Productions]]. [[Golden Era Productions]] manufactures the [[E-Meter]] and produces and distributes all church audio-visual materials, both internal and promotional.&lt;ref name=&quot;goldeneye&quot;&gt;{{cite news | first = Thomas C | last = Tobin | title = A place called 'Gold' | url = http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/102598/scientologygold.html | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1998-10-25]] | accessdate = 2007-03-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt; Until the mid-1990s the location of the base and the presence of international management there were kept secret, even to Scientologists at lower organizations.&lt;ref name=&quot;prince&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In an article published in the ''[[LA Weekly]]'', Gale Holland wrote that there are critics of the Church of Scientology who say that Gold Base &quot;houses the church's highly secretive security apparatus&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;UnfairGame&quot;&gt;{{cite news | author = Gale Holland | title = Unfair Game: Scientologists Get Their Man | url = http://www.laweekly.com/news/news/unfair-game/4713/ | publisher = [[LA Weekly]] | date = [[2001-06-20]] | accessdate = 2007-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; There are motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref name=&quot;inland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf |format = [[PDF]]|title = Scientology's inland empire |accessdate = 2007-08-25 |last = Perry |first = Rebecca | coauthors = Kelsen, Don|date = [[2005-12-17]]|work = [[Los Angeles Times]]|publisher = }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas - RTC offices and housing, where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists live and work<br /> *BonnieView - L. Ron Hubbard's former home, kept pristine and waiting by staff<br /> *Cine Castle, main film studio in the shape of a castle, for producing church A/V materials<br /> *OGH buildings - Old Gilman House. Formerly &quot;isolation&quot; space for physically ill staff. Possibly now used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *Del Sol - CSI offices, and auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Staff berthing - four buildings where staff live.<br /> *Qual Gold - Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot; as per the Hubbard organization policies. In practice this mostly means facilities staff auditing and training.<br /> *MCI - This large building is the staff dining hall, known as &quot;Massacre Canyon Inn&quot; from the building's pre-Scientology name when the property was a resort.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including a running track, basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake with a training ship (the ''Laissez-Faire''), two beaches, and a golf course.&lt;ref&gt;[http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2 Scientology - Ex-INT Base Staff Interrogatory - Interviews]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;inland&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Claire | last = Hoffman | coauthors = Christensen, Kim | title = Tom Cruise and Scientology | url = http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[2005-12-18]] | accessdate = 2008-01-24 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.freezone.org/gilman_hot_springs.htm Gilman Hot Springs]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> [[Keith Henson]] picketed Gold Base compound to protest the deaths of a Scientologist, [[Stacy Moxon]] Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of lead Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], died in suspicious circumstances in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base at about the same time that picketers aboveground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner. Shaner died in an auto accident on the road fronting Gold Base when a contractor working for the Church was moving a piece of [[Loader (equipment)|construction equipment]] across the highway after dusk without adequate lighting.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm Nove manslaughter case (Ashlee Shaner)]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quentin_Hubbard&diff=132760035 Quentin Hubbard 2008-02-15T16:56:06Z <p>AndroidCat: Undid revision 191620277 by 70.240.228.68 (talk) rv joke edit</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Celebrity<br /> | name = Quentin Hubbard<br /> | bgcolour = #f0de31<br /> | image = Quentin Hubbard.gif<br /> | imagesize = 150px<br /> | caption = Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard<br /> | birth_date = {{birth date|1954|1|6|mf=y}} <br /> | birth_place = [[United States]]<br /> | death_date = {{death date and age|1976|11|12|1954|1|6|mf=y}}<br /> | death_place = [[Las Vegas, Nevada]], [[United States]]<br /> | occupation = <br /> | salary = <br /> | networth = <br /> | spouse =<br /> | children = <br /> | website =<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> '''Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard''' ([[6 January]][[1954]] – [[12 November]][[1976]]), was one of the sons of [[L. Ron Hubbard]], the founder of the [[Church of Scientology]]. His father had groomed his son to take over the organization for him&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;/&gt;&lt;!--pp. 213-214--&gt;. Quentin was discovered by police October 28, 1976, unconscious from an apparent [[suicide]] attempt, and died two weeks later without having regained consciousness.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Miller, Russell | title=[[Bare-faced Messiah]], The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard | publisher=Henry Holt &amp; Co | location=New York | edition=First American Edition | year=1987 | id=ISBN 0-8050-0654-0 |url=http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/bfm/bfmconte.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- 344 --&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Life==<br /> Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard was born on January 6, 1954 the first son of L. Ron Hubbard and his third wife, [[Mary Sue Hubbard]]. Quentin wanted to be a [[Aviator|pilot]], but his father insisted he dedicate himself to the Church and rise through its hierarchy.{{Fact|date=August 2007}}<br /> <br /> Sources within the [[Church of Scientology]] have asserted that he was a [[homosexual]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Atack | first = Jon | authorlink = Jon Atack | title = [[A Piece of Blue Sky]] | accessdate = 2007-06-25 | year = 1990 | publisher = Carol Publishing Group | isbn = 0-8184-0499-X | chapter = Chapter 6 - The Flag Land Base | chapterurl = http://members.chello.nl/mgormez/books/a_piece_of_blue_sky/bs4-6.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/books/bfm/interviews/kima.htm Interview with Kima Douglas], Oakland, California, 27 August 1986&lt;/ref&gt;, and that this clearly caused him a great deal of personal torment due to the [[homophobia]] of the era. His father's creation of the Church of Scientology [[homosexuality and Scientology|officially categorized homosexuals]] as &quot;sexual pervert[s]&quot; and &quot;quite ill physically.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;DMSMH85&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Hubbard | first = L. Ron | authorlink = L. Ron Hubbard | title = Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health | edition = 1985 edition | year = 1985 | month = | publisher = [[Bridge Publications]] | location = Los Angeles, CA | id = ISBN 0-88404-219-7 | pages = 140 | chapter = Part 2, Chapter 5 | quote = The sexual pervert (and by this term Dianetics, to be brief, includes any and all forms of deviation in dynamic two such as homosexuality, lesbianism, sexual sadism, etc., and all down the catalog of Ellis and Krafft-Ebing) is actually quite ill physically.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Another source close to him claims that his alleged homosexuality was an act. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;&gt; [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/#commendation Monica Pignotti's account of her time in Scientology]: &quot;Quentin and I came very close to getting involved sexually, but we didn't because he told me that several years earlier, he had become sexually involved with a young woman and she had been sent off the ship when his father found out. He didn't want to get me into that kind of trouble, so we remained good friends.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Death ==<br /> Although many believe that Quentin suffered from severe depression, and that it was this ordeal that inevitably led to his first suicide attempt in [[1974]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 325-6 --&gt;, there is substantial evidence to suggest that due to his refusal to obey his father, Quentin was subjected to severe and agonising torture. In [[1976]], he disappeared from his home in [[Clearwater, Florida]] and he was later found in a car in [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]]. It is believed that he committed suicide in his car through carbon monoxide poisoning. {{Fact|date=August 2007}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> === Further reading ===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.lermanet.com/exit/quentincoroner.htm Coroner's Report and Death Certificate]<br /> {{refend}}<br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> * [http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hubbard.htm Tribute to Quentin]<br /> * [http://www.whyaretheydead.net/Quentin_Hubbard_22/index.html Scientology associated deaths]<br /> <br /> {{LRH}}<br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Hubbard, Quentin}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1954 births]]<br /> [[Category:1976 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]<br /> [[Category:L. Ron Hubbard]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738318 Fair Game (Scientology) 2008-01-30T22:45:59Z <p>AndroidCat: rv back to non-vandalized version.</p> <hr /> <div>The term '''Fair Game''' is used to describe various aggressive policies and practices carried out by the [[Church of Scientology]] towards people and groups it perceives as its enemies.<br /> <br /> ==Fair Game Law==<br /> <br /> In 1965, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]], formulated the '''&quot;Fair Game Law&quot;''', which states how to deal with people who interfere with Scientology's activities. These problematic people, called [[Suppressive Person|suppressive persons]], could be considered &quot;fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year, Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (off-policy in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status though it qualifies) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL [[2 April]] [[1965]], &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed. &lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> When a man named Peter Goodwin in Hampshire, England purchased a high-level Scientology course for £250 and resold it to friends for £50, Hubbard personally issued an Ethics order which &quot;withdrew any future help from Goodwin and his associates, (presumably for eternity), and threatened the most dire retaliations.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Vosper, Cyril. ''The Mind Benders'', Herts: Mayflower Books, 1973. p. 109&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellation==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard cancelled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''. &lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Many critics' sites omit to mention this Policy Letter, creating an erroneous impression that the October 1967 Policy Letter has never been cancelled.&lt;ref&gt;See for example [http://www.xenu.net/fairgame-e.html Operation Clambake]&lt;/ref&gt;{{Or|date=January 2008}}<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Critics argue that this letter cancels only the use of the term &quot;fair game&quot; for its &quot;bad PR&quot; effect, and not the policy on the treatment of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; in question. For example, Lord Justice Stephenson, in the judgement in ''Church of Scientology of California'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979], declined to order [[discovery]] in favour of the Church of Scientology on the grounds that there was a real risk of harassment of the persons named in the documents.<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;I have carefully considered the documents to which we have been referred and some to which we have not. I am satisfied by my consideration of the documents that there is a real risk that all three categories of documents may be misused, ie not for legitimate purposes of the action but for harassment of individual patients, informants and renegades named in them, not only by proceedings for defamation against them but by threats and blackmail, and that they may be distributed to those in other parts of this worldwide organisation who may misuse them in the same way.<br /> <br /> I am thinking chiefly of the 'fair game law' against suppressive persons expounded in the HCO policy letter of 1 March 1965 and referred to in the particulars, and the policy letter of 21 October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&lt;ref&gt;''CoS'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979] 3 All ER 97&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard later said in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> &lt;p&gt;<br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a license to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of [[22 March]] [[1976]], quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing aggressive policy==<br /> <br /> Critics such as [[Jon Atack]] have expressed concern that this means the practice has been cancelled in name only. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> However, the Church has retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies, &lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt; and argued – unsuccessfully – as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Apart from critics, several judges and juries have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics continued beyond Hubbard's order canceling use of the term Fair Game in 1968. &lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-29]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written...But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recent events==<br /> In recent years, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicki Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth. &lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The BBC Panorama investigation into Scientology indicated that similar practices continued into 2007:<br /> <br /> On May 12, 2007 Journalist [[John Sweeney (journalist)|John Sweeney]] of BBC News made comments highly critical of Scientology and its teachings, and further reported that since beginning an extensive investigation he had been harassed, surveilled, and investigated by strangers. Sweeney wrote, &quot;I have been shouted at, spied on, had my hotel invaded at midnight, denounced as a &quot;bigot&quot; by star Scientologists, brain-washed...and chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers. Back in Britain strangers have called on my neighbours, my mother-in-law's house and someone spied on my wedding and fled the moment he was challenged.&quot; In another passage, &quot;He (Scientology representative [[Tom Davis (Scientologist)|Tom Davis]]) harangued me for talking to...heretics. I told him that Scientology had been spying on the BBC and that was creepy.&quot; And in another passage, &quot;In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#.22Dead agenting.22|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> * [[KSW]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: [http://www.lermanet.com/cos/aujurist.html &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;], ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[9 June]], [[1999]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738317 Fair Game (Scientology) 2008-01-30T22:44:58Z <p>AndroidCat: Undid revision 188020440 by Cowie1337 (talk) rv vandalism</p> <hr /> <div>The term '''Fair Game''' is used to describe various aggressive policies and practices carried out by the [[Church of Scientology]] towards people and groups it perceives as its enemies.<br /> <br /> ==Read this==<br /> We are Anonymous.<br /> <br /> We are Legion.<br /> <br /> We do not Forgive.<br /> <br /> We do not Forget.<br /> <br /> This is only the beginning.<br /> <br /> Expect us.<br /> <br /> ==Fair Game Law==<br /> <br /> In 1965, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]], formulated the '''&quot;Fair Game Law&quot;''', which states how to deal with people who interfere with Scientology's activities. These problematic people, called [[Suppressive Person|suppressive persons]], could be considered &quot;fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year, Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (off-policy in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status though it qualifies) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL [[2 April]] [[1965]], &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed. &lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> When a man named Peter Goodwin in Hampshire, England purchased a high-level Scientology course for £250 and resold it to friends for £50, Hubbard personally issued an Ethics order which &quot;withdrew any future help from Goodwin and his associates, (presumably for eternity), and threatened the most dire retaliations.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Vosper, Cyril. ''The Mind Benders'', Herts: Mayflower Books, 1973. p. 109&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellation==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard cancelled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''. &lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Many critics' sites omit to mention this Policy Letter, creating an erroneous impression that the October 1967 Policy Letter has never been cancelled.&lt;ref&gt;See for example [http://www.xenu.net/fairgame-e.html Operation Clambake]&lt;/ref&gt;{{Or|date=January 2008}}<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Critics argue that this letter cancels only the use of the term &quot;fair game&quot; for its &quot;bad PR&quot; effect, and not the policy on the treatment of &quot;suppressive persons&quot; in question. For example, Lord Justice Stephenson, in the judgement in ''Church of Scientology of California'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979], declined to order [[discovery]] in favour of the Church of Scientology on the grounds that there was a real risk of harassment of the persons named in the documents.<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;I have carefully considered the documents to which we have been referred and some to which we have not. I am satisfied by my consideration of the documents that there is a real risk that all three categories of documents may be misused, ie not for legitimate purposes of the action but for harassment of individual patients, informants and renegades named in them, not only by proceedings for defamation against them but by threats and blackmail, and that they may be distributed to those in other parts of this worldwide organisation who may misuse them in the same way.<br /> <br /> I am thinking chiefly of the 'fair game law' against suppressive persons expounded in the HCO policy letter of 1 March 1965 and referred to in the particulars, and the policy letter of 21 October 1968 cancelling publication of the policy in the interests of public relations, but not the policy itself.&lt;ref&gt;''CoS'' v. ''Department of Health and Social Security'' [1979] 3 All ER 97&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard later said in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> &lt;p&gt;<br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a license to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of [[22 March]] [[1976]], quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Ongoing aggressive policy==<br /> <br /> Critics such as [[Jon Atack]] have expressed concern that this means the practice has been cancelled in name only. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> However, the Church has retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies, &lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt; and argued – unsuccessfully – as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Apart from critics, several judges and juries have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics continued beyond Hubbard's order canceling use of the term Fair Game in 1968. &lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-29]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written...But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recent events==<br /> In recent years, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicki Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth. &lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The BBC Panorama investigation into Scientology indicated that similar practices continued into 2007:<br /> <br /> On May 12, 2007 Journalist [[John Sweeney (journalist)|John Sweeney]] of BBC News made comments highly critical of Scientology and its teachings, and further reported that since beginning an extensive investigation he had been harassed, surveilled, and investigated by strangers. Sweeney wrote, &quot;I have been shouted at, spied on, had my hotel invaded at midnight, denounced as a &quot;bigot&quot; by star Scientologists, brain-washed...and chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers. Back in Britain strangers have called on my neighbours, my mother-in-law's house and someone spied on my wedding and fled the moment he was challenged.&quot; In another passage, &quot;He (Scientology representative [[Tom Davis (Scientologist)|Tom Davis]]) harangued me for talking to...heretics. I told him that Scientology had been spying on the BBC and that was creepy.&quot; And in another passage, &quot;In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#.22Dead agenting.22|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> * [[KSW]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: [http://www.lermanet.com/cos/aujurist.html &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;], ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[9 June]], [[1999]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quentin_Hubbard&diff=132760028 Quentin Hubbard 2008-01-25T16:17:12Z <p>AndroidCat: Undid revision 186829700 by 129.137.86.175 (talk) rv vandalism</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Celebrity<br /> | name = Quentin Hubbard<br /> | bgcolour = #f0de31<br /> | image = Quentin Hubbard.gif<br /> | imagesize = 150px<br /> | caption = Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard<br /> | birth_date = {{birth date|1954|1|6|mf=y}} <br /> | birth_place = [[United States]]<br /> | death_date = {{death date and age|1976|11|12|1954|1|6|mf=y}}<br /> | death_place = [[Las Vegas, Nevada]], [[United States]]<br /> | occupation = <br /> | salary = <br /> | networth = <br /> | spouse =<br /> | children = <br /> | website =<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> '''Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard''' ([[6 January]][[1954]] – [[12 November]][[1976]]), was the son of [[L. Ron Hubbard]], the founder of the [[Church of Scientology]]. His father had groomed his son to take over the organization for him&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;/&gt;&lt;!--pp. 213-214--&gt;. Quentin was discovered by police October 28, 1976, unconscious from an apparent [[suicide]] attempt, and died two weeks later without having regained consciousness.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Miller, Russell | title=[[Bare-faced Messiah]], The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard | publisher=Henry Holt &amp; Co | location=New York | edition=First American Edition | year=1987 | id=ISBN 0-8050-0654-0 |url=http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/bfm/bfmconte.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- 344 --&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Life==<br /> Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard was born on January 6, 1954 as the son of L. Ron Hubbard and [[Mary Sue Hubbard]]. Quentin wanted to be a [[Aviator|pilot]], but his father insisted he dedicate himself to the Church and rise through its hierarchy.{{Fact|date=August 2007}}<br /> <br /> Sources close to him have asserted that his [[homosexuality]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Atack | first = Jon | authorlink = Jon Atack | title = [[A Piece of Blue Sky]] | accessdate = 2007-06-25 | year = 1990 | publisher = Carol Publishing Group | isbn = 0-8184-0499-X | chapter = Chapter 6 - The Flag Land Base | chapterurl = http://members.chello.nl/mgormez/books/a_piece_of_blue_sky/bs4-6.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/books/bfm/interviews/kima.htm Interview with Kima Douglas], Oakland, California, 27 August 1986&lt;/ref&gt; caused him a great deal of personal torment due to the [[homophobia]] of the era and his father's creation of the Church of Scientology that [[homosexuality and Scientology|officially categorized homosexuals]] as &quot;sexual pervert[s]&quot; and &quot;quite ill physically.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;DMSMH85&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Hubbard | first = L. Ron | authorlink = L. Ron Hubbard | title = Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health | edition = 1985 edition | year = 1985 | month = | publisher = [[Bridge Publications]] | location = Los Angeles, CA | id = ISBN 0-88404-219-7 | pages = 140 | chapter = Part 2, Chapter 5 | quote = The sexual pervert (and by this term Dianetics, to be brief, includes any and all forms of deviation in dynamic two such as homosexuality, lesbianism, sexual sadism, etc., and all down the catalog of Ellis and Krafft-Ebing) is actually quite ill physically.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Another source close to him claims that his alleged homosexuality was an act. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;&gt; [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/#commendation Monica Pignotti's account of her time in Scientology]: &quot;Quentin and I came very close to getting involved sexually, but we didn't because he told me that several years earlier, he had become sexually involved with a young woman and she had been sent off the ship when his father found out. He didn't want to get me into that kind of trouble, so we remained good friends.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Death ==<br /> Quentin's severe depression led to his first suicide attempt in [[1974]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 325-6 --&gt;. In [[1976]], he disappeared from his home in [[Clearwater, Florida]] and he was later found in a car in [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]]. It is believed that he committed suicide in his car through carbon monoxide poisoning. {{Fact|date=August 2007}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> === Further reading ===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.lermanet.com/exit/quentincoroner.htm Coroner's Report and Death Certificate]<br /> {{refend}}<br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> * [http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hubbard.htm Tribute to Quentin]<br /> * [http://www.whyaretheydead.net/Quentin_Hubbard_22/index.html Scientology associated deaths]<br /> <br /> {{LRH}}<br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Hubbard, Quentin}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:1954 births]]<br /> [[Category:1976 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversies]]<br /> [[Category:L. Ron Hubbard]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133592051 Scientology Int. Base 2008-01-24T18:40:50Z <p>AndroidCat: /* Features */ Template for ref</p> <hr /> <div>{{coord|33|50|3.25|N|116|59|5.85|W|display=title}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is the informal name of the international headquarters of the [[Church of Scientology]]&lt;ref name=&quot;tabayoyan&quot;&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/aff_at.html Affidavit of Andre Tabayoyan] United States District Court, Central District of California case no. CV 91 6426 HLH (Tx)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;prince&quot;&gt;[http://lisatrust.bogie.nl/Media/video/legal/prince_erlich.pdf Affidavit of Jesse Prince] United States District Court, Central District of California, San Jose Division case no. C-95-20091 RMW (EAI)&lt;/ref&gt;, located on a {{convert|500|acre|sqkm|sing=on}} parcel of land near [[Hemet, California|Hemet]], California. The area is the home of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media and publications division of the church, which is the largest of the many organizational units located there. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live and work on the Base. &lt;ref name=&quot;quill&quot;&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;latimes&quot;&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==About the Base==<br /> The base is home to all of the highest level management units of the [[Church of Scientology]]&lt;ref name=&quot;tabayoyan&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;prince&quot;/&gt;, all of which are staffed by [[Sea Organization]] members. Among the organizations there are the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and [[Golden Era Productions]]. [[Golden Era Productions]] manufactures the [[E-Meter]] and produces and distributes all church audio-visual materials, both internal and promotional.&lt;ref name=&quot;goldeneye&quot;&gt;{{cite news | first = Thomas C | last = Tobin | title = A place called 'Gold' | url = http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/102598/scientologygold.html | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1998-10-25]] | accessdate = 2007-03-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt; Until the mid-1990s the location of the base and the presence of international management there were kept secret, even to Scientologists at lower organizations.&lt;ref name=&quot;prince&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In an article published in the ''[[LA Weekly]]'', Gale Holland wrote that there are critics of the Church of Scientology who say that Gold Base &quot;houses the church's highly secretive security apparatus&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;UnfairGame&quot;&gt;{{cite news | author = Gale Holland | title = Unfair Game: Scientologists Get Their Man | url = http://www.laweekly.com/news/news/unfair-game/4713/ | publisher = [[LA Weekly]] | date = [[2001-06-20]] | accessdate = 2007-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; There are motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref name=&quot;inland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf |format = [[PDF]]|title = Scientology's inland empire |accessdate = 2007-08-25 |last = Perry |first = Rebecca | coauthors = Kelsen, Don|date = [[2005-12-17]]|work = [[Los Angeles Times]]|publisher = }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas - RTC offices and housing, where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists live and work<br /> *BonnieView - L. Ron Hubbard's former home, kept pristine and waiting by staff<br /> *Cine Castle, main film studio in the shape of a castle, for producing church A/V materials<br /> *OGH buildings - Old Gilman House. Formerly &quot;isolation&quot; space for physically ill staff. Possibly now used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *Del Sol - CSI offices, and auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Staff berthing - four buildings where staff live.<br /> *Qual Gold - Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot; as per the Hubbard organization policies. In practice this mostly means facilities staff auditing and training.<br /> *MCI - This large building is the staff dining hall, known as &quot;Massacre Canyon Inn&quot; from the building's pre-Scientology name when the property was a resort.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including a running track, basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake with a training ship (the ''Laissez-Faire''), two beaches, and a golf course.&lt;ref&gt;[http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2 Scientology - Ex-INT Base Staff Interrogatory - Interviews]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;inland&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Claire | last = Hoffman | coauthors = Christensen, Kim | title = Tom Cruise and Scientology | url = http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[2005-12-18]] | accessdate = 2008-01-24 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.freezone.org/gilman_hot_springs.htm Gilman Hot Springs]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> [[Keith Henson]] picketed Gold Base compound to protest the deaths of a Scientologist, [[Stacy Moxon]] Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of lead Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], died in suspicious circumstances in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base at about the same time that picketers aboveground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner. Shaner died in an auto accident on the road fronting Gold Base when a contractor working for the Church was moving a piece of [[Loader (equipment)|construction equipment]] across the highway after dusk without adequate lighting.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm Nove manslaughter case (Ashlee Shaner)]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quentin_Hubbard&diff=132760025 Quentin Hubbard 2008-01-07T02:30:00Z <p>AndroidCat: Undid revision 182608485 by 72.189.66.220 (talk) Repaired possibly accidental damage</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Celebrity<br /> | name = Quentin Hubbard<br /> | bgcolour = #f0de31<br /> | image = Quentin Hubbard.gif<br /> | imagesize = 150px<br /> | caption = Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard<br /> | birth_date = {{birth date|1954|1|6|mf=y}} <br /> | birth_place = [[United States]]<br /> | death_date = {{death date and age|1976|11|12|1954|1|6|mf=y}}<br /> | death_place = [[Las Vegas, Nevada]], [[United States]]<br /> | occupation = <br /> | salary = <br /> | networth = <br /> | spouse =<br /> | children = <br /> | website =<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> '''Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard''' ([[6 January]][[1954]] – [[12 November]][[1976]]), was the son of [[L. Ron Hubbard]], the founder of the [[Church of Scientology]]. His father had groomed his son to take over the organization for him&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;/&gt;&lt;!--pp. 213-214--&gt;. Quentin was discovered by police October 28, 1976, unconscious from an apparent [[suicide]] attempt, and died two weeks later without having regained consciousness.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Miller, Russell | title=[[Bare-faced Messiah]], The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard | publisher=Henry Holt &amp; Co | location=New York | edition=First American Edition | year=1987 | id=ISBN 0-8050-0654-0 |url=http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/bfm/bfmconte.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- 344 --&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Life==<br /> Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard was born on January 6, 1954 as the son of L. Ron Hubbard and [[Mary Sue Hubbard]]. Quentin wanted to be a [[Aviator|pilot]], but his father insisted he dedicate himself to the Church and rise through its hierarchy.{{Fact|date=August 2007}}<br /> <br /> Sources close to him have asserted that his [[homosexuality]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Atack | first = Jon | authorlink = Jon Atack | title = [[A Piece of Blue Sky]] | accessdate = 2007-06-25 | year = 1990 | publisher = Carol Publishing Group | isbn = 0-8184-0499-X | chapter = Chapter 6 - The Flag Land Base | chapterurl = http://members.chello.nl/mgormez/books/a_piece_of_blue_sky/bs4-6.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/books/bfm/interviews/kima.htm Interview with Kima Douglas], Oakland, California, 27 August 1986&lt;/ref&gt; caused him a great deal of personal torment due to the [[homophobia]] of the era and his father's creation of the Church of Scientology that [[homosexuality and Scientology|officially categorized homosexuals]] as &quot;sexual pervert[s]&quot; and &quot;quite ill physically.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;DMSMH85&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Hubbard | first = L. Ron | authorlink = L. Ron Hubbard | title = Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health | edition = 1985 edition | year = 1985 | month = | publisher = [[Bridge Publications]] | location = Los Angeles, CA | id = ISBN 0-88404-219-7 | pages = 140 | chapter = Part 2, Chapter 5 | quote = The sexual pervert (and by this term Dianetics, to be brief, includes any and all forms of deviation in dynamic two such as homosexuality, lesbianism, sexual sadism, etc., and all down the catalog of Ellis and Krafft-Ebing) is actually quite ill physically.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Another source close to him claims that his alleged homosexuality was an act. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;&gt; [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/#commendation Monica Pignotti's account of her time in Scientology]: &quot;Quentin and I came very close to getting involved sexually, but we didn't because he told me that several years earlier, he had become sexually involved with a young woman and she had been sent off the ship when his father found out. He didn't want to get me into that kind of trouble, so we remained good friends.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Death ==<br /> Quentin's severe depression led to his first suicide attempt in [[1974]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 325-6 --&gt;. In [[1976]], he disappeared from his home in [[Clearwater, Florida]] and he was later found in a car in [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]]. It is believed that he committed suicide in his car through carbon monoxide poisoning. {{Fact|date=August 2007}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> === Further reading ===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.lermanet.com/exit/quentincoroner.htm Coroner's Report and Death Certificate]<br /> {{refend}}<br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> * [http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hubbard.htm Tribute to Quentin]<br /> * [http://www.whyaretheydead.net/Quentin_Hubbard_22/index.html Scientology associated deaths]<br /> <br /> {{LRH}}<br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Hubbard, Quentin}}<br /> [[Category:1954 births]]<br /> [[Category:1976 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversy]]<br /> [[Category:L. Ron Hubbard]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598341 Church of Spiritual Technology 2008-01-06T18:30:10Z <p>AndroidCat: Added section breaks, moved logo</p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|right|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology]]<br /> The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' ('''CST''') was incorporated in the State of [[California]], [[USA]] in [[1982]]. This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The CST is unusual in that it has no members or [[clergy]], which is allowed under California law. This church gets its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.asirights.com/asi.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Religious Technology Center]] is the holder of the trademarks and service marks of Scientology and is safeguarding its application. CST is the holder of the [[copyrights]] and licenses their use. The [[Church of Scientology International]] is the organization providing management services to other Scientology Churches all over the world. <br /> <br /> ==Archives==<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Bob | last = Henderson | title = Vault to get Hubbard's writings | url = http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/50647275.html?dids=50647275:50647275&amp;FMT=FT&amp;FMTS=ABS:FT | work = | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1991-07-25]] | accessdate = 2007-12-12 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late [[1980s]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Structure==<br /> The very first time the Church of Spiritual technology was mentioned publicly to scientologists by COB RTC David Miscavige in 2000 on the New Year's event. &lt;ref&gt;[http://freezone.najbjerg.info/dokumenter/the-new-year-2000-event?set_language=en New Year 2000 event speach excerpt, by D.Miscavige]&lt;/ref&gt; Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ &lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), as well as the Scientologist general directors and staff, the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Trademarks==<br /> [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol are trademarks and services marks owned by the Church of Spiritual Technology, operating as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.twth.org/reprinting/files/reprint-instructions.pdf | title = How to obtain permission to reprint The Way to Happiness® booklets | accessdate = 2006-12-02 | publisher = The Way to Happiness Foundation International}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> ===Notes===<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> === Additional sources===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> {{refend}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598340 Church of Spiritual Technology 2008-01-06T18:15:20Z <p>AndroidCat: Trademarks directly owned by CST rather than RTC aren&#039;t trivial</p> <hr /> <div>The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' ('''CST''') was incorporated in the State of [[California]], [[USA]] in [[1982]]. This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The CST is unusual in that it has no members or [[clergy]], which is allowed under California law. This church gets its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Religious Technology Center]] is the holder of the trademarks and service marks of Scientology and is safeguarding its application. CST is the holder of the [[copyrights]] and licenses their use. The [[Church of Scientology International]] is the organization providing management services to other Scientology Churches all over the world. <br /> <br /> [[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|left|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology]]<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Bob | last = Henderson | title = Vault to get Hubbard's writings | url = http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/50647275.html?dids=50647275:50647275&amp;FMT=FT&amp;FMTS=ABS:FT | work = | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1991-07-25]] | accessdate = 2007-12-12 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late [[1980s]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The very first time the Church of Spiritual technology was mentioned publicly to scientologists by COB RTC David Miscavige in 2000 on the New Year's event. &lt;ref&gt;[http://freezone.najbjerg.info/dokumenter/the-new-year-2000-event?set_language=en New Year 2000 event speach excerpt, by D.Miscavige]&lt;/ref&gt; Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ &lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), as well as the Scientologist general directors and staff, the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Trademarks==<br /> [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol are trademarks and services marks owned by the Church of Spiritual Technology, operating as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.twth.org/reprinting/files/reprint-instructions.pdf | title = How to obtain permission to reprint The Way to Happiness® booklets | accessdate = 2006-12-02 | publisher = The Way to Happiness Foundation International}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> ===Notes===<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> === Additional sources===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> {{refend}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598336 Church of Spiritual Technology 2007-12-12T13:55:18Z <p>AndroidCat: Added ref</p> <hr /> <div>The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' ('''CST''') was incorporated in the State of [[California]], [[USA]] in [[1982]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.americanreligion.org/books/scientology.html&lt;/ref&gt; This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The CST is unusual in that it has no members or [[clergy]], which is allowed under California law. This church gets its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Religious Technology Center]] is the holder of the trademarks and service marks of Scientology and is safeguarding its application. CST is the holder of the [[copyrights]] and licenses their use. The [[Church of Scientology International]] is the organization providing management services to other Scientology Churches all over the world. <br /> <br /> [[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|left|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology]]<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Bob | last = Henderson | title = Vault to get Hubbard's writings | url = http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/50647275.html?dids=50647275:50647275&amp;FMT=FT&amp;FMTS=ABS:FT | work = | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1991-07-25]] | accessdate = 2007-12-12 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late [[1980s]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For the first 21 years of its existence, few members of the [[Church of Scientology]] ever heard the name Church of Spiritual Technology. Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ &lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), as well as the Scientologist general directors and staff, the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Trademarks==<br /> [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol are trademarks and services marks owned by the Church of Spiritual Technology, operating as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> ===Notes===<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> === Additional sources===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> {{refend}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quentin_Hubbard&diff=132760017 Quentin Hubbard 2007-12-03T18:19:44Z <p>AndroidCat: /* Life */ Restored pre-CountessKrak wording. It could still use a cite.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Celebrity<br /> | name = Quentin Hubbard<br /> | bgcolour = #f0de31<br /> | image = Quentin Hubbard.gif<br /> | imagesize = 150px<br /> | caption = Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard<br /> | birth_date = {{birth date|1954|1|6|mf=y}} <br /> | birth_place = [[United States]]<br /> | death_date = {{death date and age|1976|11|12|1954|1|6|mf=y}}<br /> | death_place = [[Las Vegas, Nevada]], [[United States]]<br /> | occupation = <br /> | salary = <br /> | networth = <br /> | spouse =<br /> | children = <br /> | website =<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> '''Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard''' ([[6 January]][[1954]] – [[12 November]][[1976]]), was the son of [[L. Ron Hubbard]], the founder of the [[Church of Scientology]]. His father had groomed his son to take over the organization for him&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;/&gt;&lt;!--pp. 213-214--&gt;. Quentin was discovered by police October 28, 1976, unconscious from an apparent [[suicide]] attempt, and died two weeks later without having regained consciousness.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Miller, Russell | title=[[Bare-faced Messiah]], The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard | publisher=Henry Holt &amp; Co | location=New York | edition=First American Edition | year=1987 | id=ISBN 0-8050-0654-0 |url=http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/bfm/bfmconte.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- 344 --&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Life==<br /> Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard was born on January 6, 1954 as the son of L. Ron Hubbard and [[Mary Sue Hubbard]]. Quentin wanted to be a [[Aviator|pilot]], but his father insisted he dedicate himself to the Church and rise through its hierarchy.{{Fact|date=August 2007}}<br /> <br /> Sources close to him have asserted that his [[homosexuality]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Atack | first = Jon | authorlink = Jon Atack | title = [[A Piece of Blue Sky]] | accessdate = 2007-06-25 | year = 1990 | publisher = Carol Publishing Group | isbn = 0-8184-0499-X | chapter = Chapter 6 - The Flag Land Base | chapterurl = http://members.chello.nl/mgormez/books/a_piece_of_blue_sky/bs4-6.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/books/bfm/interviews/kima.htm Interview with Kima Douglas], Oakland, California, 27 August 1986&lt;/ref&gt; caused him a great deal of personal torment due to the [[homophobia]] of the era and his father's creation of the Church of Scientology that [[homosexuality and Scientology|officially categorized homosexuals]] as &quot;sexual pervert[s]&quot; and &quot;quite ill physically.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;DMSMH85&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Hubbard | first = L. Ron | authorlink = L. Ron Hubbard | title = Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health | edition = 1985 edition | year = 1985 | month = | publisher = [[Bridge Publications]] | location = Los Angeles, CA | id = ISBN 0-88404-219-7 | pages = 140 | chapter = Part 2, Chapter 5 | quote = The sexual pervert (and by this term Dianetics, to be brief, includes any and all forms of deviation in dynamic two such as homosexuality, lesbianism, sexual sadism, etc., and all down the catalog of Ellis and Krafft-Ebing) is actually quite ill physically.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Another source close to him claims that his alleged homosexuality was an act. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;&gt; [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/#commendation Monica Pignotti's account of her time in Scientology]: &quot;Quentin and I came very close to getting involved sexually, but we didn't because he told me that several years earlier, he had become sexually involved with a young woman and she had been sent off the ship when his father found out. He didn't want to get me into that kind of trouble, so we remained good friends.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Death ==<br /> Quentin's severe depression led to his first suicide attempt in [[1974]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 325-6 --&gt;. In [[1976]], he disappeared from his home in [[Clearwater, Florida]] and he was later found in a car in [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]]. It is believed that he committed suicide in his car through carbon monoxide poisoning. {{Fact|date=August 2007}}<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> === Further reading ===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.lermanet.com/exit/quentincoroner.htm Coroner's Report and Death Certificate]<br /> {{refend}}<br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> * [http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hubbard.htm Tribute to Quentin]<br /> * [http://www.whyaretheydead.net/Quentin_Hubbard_22/index.html Scientology associated deaths]<br /> <br /> {{LRH}}<br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Hubbard, Quentin}}<br /> [[Category:1954 births]]<br /> [[Category:1976 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversy]]<br /> [[Category:L. Ron Hubbard]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738294 Fair Game (Scientology) 2007-11-16T04:57:23Z <p>AndroidCat: /* References */ reflist</p> <hr /> <div>In 1965, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]], formulated the '''&quot;Fair Game Law&quot;''', in which problematic [[Suppressive persons]] could be considered &quot;Fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (off-policy in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status though it qualifies) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL [[2 April]] [[1965]], &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed. &lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellation==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard cancelled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''. &lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Critics such as [[Jon Atack]] have expressed concern that this means the practice has been cancelled in name only. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard himself commented in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> &lt;p&gt;<br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a licence to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of [[22 March]] [[1976]], quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> However, the Church has retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies, &lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt; and argued – unsuccessfully – as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Apart from critics, several judges and juries have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics continued beyond Hubbard's order canceling use of the term Fair Game in 1968. &lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-29]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written...But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recent events==<br /> In recent years, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicki Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth. &lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The BBC Panorama investigation into Scientology indicates that similar practices continue into 2007:<br /> <br /> On May 12, 2007 Journalist John Sweeney of BBC News made comments highly critical of Scientology and its teachings, and further reported that since beginning an extensive investigation he had been harassed, surveilled, and investigated by strangers. Sweeney wrote, &quot;I have been shouted at, spied on, had my hotel invaded at midnight, denounced as a &quot;bigot&quot; by star Scientologists, brain-washed...and chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers. Back in Britain strangers have called on my neighbours, my mother-in-law's house and someone spied on my wedding and fled the moment he was challenged.&quot; In another passage, &quot;He (Scientology representative [[Tom Davis (Scientologist)|Tom Davis]]) harangued me for talking to...heretics. I told him that Scientology had been spying on the BBC and that was creepy.&quot; And in another passage, &quot;In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#.22Dead agenting.22|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: [http://www.lermanet.com/cos/aujurist.html &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;], ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[9 June]], [[1999]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversy]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fair_Game_(Scientology)&diff=133738293 Fair Game (Scientology) 2007-11-16T04:56:46Z <p>AndroidCat: Cite templates added</p> <hr /> <div>In 1965, [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]], formulated the '''&quot;Fair Game Law&quot;''', in which problematic [[Suppressive persons]] could be considered &quot;Fair game&quot; for retaliation:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> A Suppressive Person or Group becomes ''fair game''. By FAIR GAME is meant, may not be further protected by the codes and disciplines or the rights of a Scientologist. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL 1 Mar 65 &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Later in December of that year Hubbard reissued the Fair Game policy with additional clarifications to define the scope of Fair Game. He made it clear that the policy applied to non-Scientologists as well. He declared:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> The homes, property, places and abodes of persons who have been active in attempting to: suppress Scientology or Scientologists are all beyond any protection of Scientology Ethics, unless absolved by later Ethics or an amnesty ... this Policy Letter extends to suppressive non-Scientology wives and husbands and parents, or other family members or hostile groups or even close friends. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, [http://www.planetkc.com/sloth/sci/sp_rules.html HCOPL 23 December 1965, &quot;Suppressive Acts - Suppression of Scientology and Scientologists - The Fair Game Law&quot;] &lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Hubbard made it clear elsewhere in his writings that the policy would be applied to external organizations, including governments, that were guilty of having interfered with Scientology's activities. He told Scientologists:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> If the [[Internal Revenue Service]] (off-policy in refusing the FCDC [''Founding Church of Scientology, Washington DC''] non-profit status though it qualifies) continues to act up or if the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] does sue we can of course Comm Ev [''Committee of Evidence''] them and if found guilty, label and publish them as a Suppressive Group and fair game ... [N]one is fair game until he or she declares against us. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, HCOPL [[2 April]] [[1965]], &quot;Administration outside Scientology&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The policy was further extended in an October 1967 Policy Letter (HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, Penalties for Lower Conditions), where Hubbard defined the &quot;penalties&quot; for an individual deemed to be in a &quot;Condition of Enemy&quot;:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> ENEMY — SP Order. Fair game. May be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued or lied to or destroyed. &lt;ref&gt;HCOPL 18 October 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Cancellation==<br /> <br /> In July 1968, Hubbard cancelled HCOPL 18 Oct 67 Issue IV, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions'', replacing it with HCOPL 21 July 68, ''Penalties for Lower Conditions''. &lt;ref&gt;''HCO Policy Letter Subject Index'', page 215, issued 1976&lt;/ref&gt; This redefined the condition of Enemy as follows:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Suppressive Person order. May not be communicated with by anyone except an Ethics Officer, Master at Arms, a Hearing Officer or a Board or Committee. May be restrained or imprisoned. May not be protected by any rules or laws of the group he sought to injure as he sought to destroy or bar fair practices for others. May not be trained or processed or admitted to any org.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;''Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology''; Report by Sir John Foster, K.B.E., Q.C., M.P. Published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, December 1971, [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Cowen/audit/foster07.html Chapter 7] (also referred to as the [[Foster Report]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> In addition, in October that year, Hubbard issued HCOPL 21 Oct 68 ''Cancellation of Fair Game'', which said:<br /> <br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;The practice of declaring people FAIR GAME will cease. FAIR GAME may not appear on any Ethics Order. It causes bad public relations. This P/L does not cancel any policy on the treatment or handling of an SP.&quot; &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> Critics such as [[Jon Atack]] have expressed concern that this means the practice has been cancelled in name only. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.spaink.com/cos/essays/atack_general.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> In 1976, Hubbard himself commented in an affidavit that &quot;Fair Game&quot; was never intended to authorize harassment:<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> There was never any attempt or intent on my part by the writing of these policies (or any others for that fact), to authorise illegal or harassment type acts against anyone.<br /> &lt;p&gt;<br /> As soon as it became apparent to me that the concept of 'Fair Game' as described above was being misinterpreted by the uninformed, to mean the granting of a licence to Scientologists for acts in violation of the law and/or other standards of decency, these policies were cancelled. &lt;ref&gt;Hubbard, affidavit of [[22 March]] [[1976]], quoted in David V Barrett, ''The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions'', p. 464 (Octopus Publishing Group, 2003)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> However, the Church has retained an aggressive policy towards those it perceives as its enemies, &lt;ref&gt;J. Gordon Melton, ''The Church of Scientology'', [[Signature Books]], 2000, p. 36&lt;/ref&gt; and argued – unsuccessfully – as late as 1985 that retributive action against &quot;enemies of Scientology&quot; should be considered a [[Constitution (United States)|Constitution]]ally-protected &quot;core practice&quot; of Scientology. &lt;ref&gt;http://www.lermanet2.com/reference/wollersheim.htm (courtesy link) Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology of California, Court of Appeal of the State of California, civ.no.B023193, 18 July 1989&lt;/ref&gt; Apart from critics, several judges and juries have through their decisions or comments asserted that the tactics continued beyond Hubbard's order canceling use of the term Fair Game in 1968. &lt;ref name=&quot;Offensive5&quot;&gt;{{cite web | first = Robert W. | last = Welkos | coauthors = Sappell, Joel | title = On the Offensive Against an Array of Suspected Foes | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062990x,0,138179,full.story | work = | publisher = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = [[1990-06-29]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 | quote = Church spokesmen maintain that Hubbard rescinded the policy three years after it was written...But various judges and juries have concluded that while the actual labeling of persons as &quot;fair game&quot; was abandoned, the harassment continued unabated.}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Recent events==<br /> In recent years, a number of ex-Scientologists who formerly held senior management positions in the Church have alleged that while working for the Church they saw &quot;Fair Game&quot; tactics continuing to be used. In 1994, [[Vicki Aznaran]], who had been the Chairman of the Board of the [[Religious Technology Center]] (the Church's central management body), claimed in an affidavit that<br /> &lt;blockquote&gt;<br /> Because of my position and the reports which regularly crossed my desk, I know that during my entire presidency of RTC &quot;fair game&quot; actions against enemies were daily routine. Apart from the legal tactics described below, the &quot;fair game&quot; activities included break-ins, libel, upsetting the companies of the enemy, espionage, harassment, misuse of confidential communications in the folders of community members and so forth. &lt;ref&gt;Aznaran affidavit, quoted in Tom Voltz, ''[http://www.lermanet.com/cisar/books/swoe13.htm Scientology with(out) an End]'', chapter 13&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> &lt;/blockquote&gt;<br /> <br /> The BBC Panorama investigation into Scientology indicates that similar practices continue into 2007:<br /> <br /> On May 12, 2007 Journalist John Sweeney of BBC News made comments highly critical of Scientology and its teachings, and further reported that since beginning an extensive investigation he had been harassed, surveilled, and investigated by strangers. Sweeney wrote, &quot;I have been shouted at, spied on, had my hotel invaded at midnight, denounced as a &quot;bigot&quot; by star Scientologists, brain-washed...and chased round the streets of Los Angeles by sinister strangers. Back in Britain strangers have called on my neighbours, my mother-in-law's house and someone spied on my wedding and fled the moment he was challenged.&quot; In another passage, &quot;He (Scientology representative [[Tom Davis (Scientologist)|Tom Davis]]) harangued me for talking to...heretics. I told him that Scientology had been spying on the BBC and that was creepy.&quot; And in another passage, &quot;In LA, the moment our hire car left the airport we realised we were being followed by two cars. In our hotel a weird stranger spent every breakfast listening to us.&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = John | last = Sweeney | title = Row over Scientology video | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6650545.stm | work = | publisher = [[BBC News]] | date = [[2007-05-14]] | accessdate = 2007-11-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> * [[Game (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology controversy#.22Dead agenting.22|Dead Agenting]]<br /> * [[Ethics (Scientology)]]<br /> * [[Scientology Justice]]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> *[http://faq.scientology.org/page38b.htm Q. What does the term “fair game” refer to?] -- from the Church of Scientology's FAQ pages.<br /> * Eric J. Ascalon: [http://www.lermanet.com/cos/aujurist.html &quot;Dangerous Science: The Church of Scientology's Holy War against Critics&quot;], ''American Jurist'', November 1995, Vol. 9 No. 2<br /> * [[Robert Vaughn Young]] ''&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/legal/rvy.htm Affidavit regarding Fair Game]&quot;'', declaration in the case Church of Scientology International v. Steven Fishman and Uwe Geertz, 1994.<br /> *[[Stephen A. Kent]], [[University of Alberta]], [http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~skent/Linkedfiles/erlich_fairgamesta.htm Statement on Fair Game for the Dennis Erlich case], February 1999<br /> *Clare Dyer, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,292357,00.html ''Scientologists pay for libel''], ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[9 June]], [[1999]]<br /> <br /> <br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Scientology beliefs and practices]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversy]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598332 Church of Spiritual Technology 2007-11-05T00:17:46Z <p>AndroidCat: Undid revision 169254818 by Misou (talk) Sourced by exactly the same source as the Special Directors</p> <hr /> <div>The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' ('''CST''') was incorporated in the State of [[California]], [[USA]] in [[1982]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.americanreligion.org/books/scientology.html&lt;/ref&gt; This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The CST is unusual in that it has no members or [[clergy]], which is allowed under California law. This church gets its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Religious Technology Center]] is the holder of the trademarks and service marks of Scientology and is safeguarding its application. CST is the holder of the [[copyrights]] and licenses their use. The [[Church of Scientology International]] is the organization providing management services to other Scientology Churches all over the world. <br /> <br /> [[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|left|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology]]<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world. The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late [[1980s]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For the first 21 years of its existence, few members of the [[Church of Scientology]] ever heard the name Church of Spiritual Technology. Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ &lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), as well as the Scientologist general directors and staff, the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Trademarks==<br /> [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol are trademarks and services marks owned by the Church of Spiritual Technology, operating as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> ===Notes===<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> === Additional sources===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> {{refend}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598330 Church of Spiritual Technology 2007-11-04T17:00:47Z <p>AndroidCat: sp</p> <hr /> <div>The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' ('''CST''') was incorporated in the State of [[California]], [[USA]] in [[1982]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.americanreligion.org/books/scientology.html&lt;/ref&gt; This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The CST is unusual in that it has no members or [[clergy]], which is allowed under California law. This church gets its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Religious Technology Center]] is the holder of the trademarks and service marks of Scientology and is safeguarding its application. CST is the holder of the [[copyrights]] and licenses their use. The [[Church of Scientology International]] is the organization providing management services to other Scientology Churches all over the world. <br /> <br /> [[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|left|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology]]<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world. The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late [[1980s]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For the first 21 years of its existence, few members of the [[Church of Scientology]] ever heard the name Church of Spiritual Technology. Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ &lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), as well as the Scientologist general directors and staff, the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Trademarks==<br /> [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol are trademarks and services marks owned by the Church of Spiritual Technology, operating as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> ===Notes===<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> === Additional sources===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> {{refend}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598329 Church of Spiritual Technology 2007-11-04T17:00:01Z <p>AndroidCat: Added to what seemed to be undue weight on special directors</p> <hr /> <div>The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' ('''CST''') was incorporated in the State of [[California]], [[USA]] in [[1982]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.americanreligion.org/books/scientology.html&lt;/ref&gt; This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The CST is unusual in that it has no members or [[clergy]], which is allowed under California law. This church gets its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Religious Technology Center]] is the holder of the trademarks and service marks of Scientology and is safeguarding its application. CST is the holder of the [[copyrights]] and licenses their use. The [[Church of Scientology International]] is the organization providing management services to other Scientology Churches all over the world. <br /> <br /> [[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|left|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology]]<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world. The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late [[1980s]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For the first 21 years of its existence, few members of the [[Church of Scientology]] ever heard the name Church of Spiritual Technology. Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ &lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), as well as the Scientolgist general directors and staff, the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Trademarks==<br /> [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol are trademarks and services marks owned by the Church of Spiritual Technology, operating as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> ===Notes===<br /> {{reflist}}<br /> <br /> === Additional sources===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> {{refend}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> {{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598324 Church of Spiritual Technology 2007-10-05T06:22:19Z <p>AndroidCat: One of the main three corporations probably should have the series template</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' ('''CST''') was incorporated in the State of [[California]], [[USA]] in [[1982]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.americanreligion.org/books/scientology.html&lt;/ref&gt; This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The CST is unusual in that it has no members or [[clergy]], which is allowed under California law. This church gets its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Religious Technology Center]] is the holder of the trademarks and service marks of Scientology and is safeguarding its application. CST is the holder of the [[copyrights]] and licenses their use. The [[Church of Scientology International]] is the organization providing management services to other Scientology Churches all over the world. <br /> <br /> [[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|left|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology]]<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world. The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late [[1980s]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For the first 21 years of its existence, few members of the [[Church of Scientology]] ever heard the name Church of Spiritual Technology. Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ &lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Trademarks==<br /> [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol are trademarks and services marks owned by the Church of Spiritual Technology, operating as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133628051 Church of Spiritual Technology 2007-09-28T02:25:25Z <p>AndroidCat: Better for short articles</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> '''Author Services Inc.''' (ASI) is a literary agency that represents only one author, the late [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of the [[Church of Spiritual Technology]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/documents/1993-10-01closingagrmt.html#irsorder IRS-Scientology Closing Agreement], [[1993-10-01]]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ASI was incorporated as a for-profit company in the state of [[California]] on October 13, 1981 and is located in [[Los Angeles]], at 7051 Hollywood Blvd. ASI pays a substantial portion of its income to the [[Church of Spiritual Technology]], a non-profit corporation also based in California.<br /> <br /> Since its incorporation ASI manages [[L. Ron Hubbard]]'s personal, business and literary affairs. After Hubbard’s death in 1986, ASI continued to represent his literary and musical works worldwide.<br /> <br /> ASI administers and holds the [[Writers of the Future|Writers and Illustrators of the Future]] contest. The contest had been established and sponsored by Hubbard in [[1983]] and since was supported by Science-Fiction writers such as [[Robert Silverberg]], [[Kevin J. Anderson]], [[Larry Niven]], [[Frederik Pohl]], [[Gene Wolfe]], [[Orson Scott Card]] and others.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.writersofthefuture.com/history.htm History of &quot;Writers of the Future&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ASI also sells book cover prints and special editions.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm ASI International Rights Catalogue]&lt;/ref&gt; In 2005 ASI received a verification certificate from Guinness World Records on behalf of [[L. Ron Hubbard]] for being the &quot;most translated author&quot; in the world.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.thebookstandard.com/bookstandard/news/author/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001476331 The Book Standard of 9 November 2005]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> While ASI presents Hubbard's fiction and secular works under the [[Galaxy Press]] label, his Scientology-related writings are represented by [[Bridge Publications (Scientology)|Bridge Publications]] (New Era Publications outside North America).<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> * [http://www.ex-cult.org/Groups/Scientology/sandiego.txt Hubbard Hot Author Status Called Illusion] (Mike McIntyre, ''San Diego Union'' April 15, 1990, p1)<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.authorservicesinc.com/ Official web site]<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/documents/1981-10-13asiinc.html Information on ASI connection to the CST] (Sc-I-R-S-Ology)<br /> * [http://www.asirights.com/news.htm News Site of ASI showing their worldwide activities]<br /> * [http://www.ansible.co.uk/writing/hubbard.html Strange Vibrations] [[David Langford]] about ASI's activities during Conspiracy '87, the 1987 [[Worldcon]].<br /> <br /> {{Scientology-stub}}<br /> [[Category:L. Ron Hubbard]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598322 Church of Spiritual Technology 2007-09-24T00:56:33Z <p>AndroidCat: Wikify</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' ('''CST''') was incorporated in the State of [[California]], [[USA]] in [[1982]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.americanreligion.org/books/scientology.html&lt;/ref&gt; This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The CST is unusual in that it has no members or [[clergy]], which is allowed under California law. This church gets its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Religious Technology Center]] is the holder of the trademarks and service marks of Scientology and is safeguarding its application. CST is the holder of the [[copyrights]] and licenses their use. The [[Church of Scientology International]] is the organization providing management services to other Scientology Churches all over the world. <br /> <br /> [[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|left|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology]]<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world. The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late [[1980s]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| authorlink = Anderson Cooper | title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = [[Anderson Cooper 360°]]| publisher = [[CNN]] | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For the first 21 years of its existence, few members of the [[Church of Scientology]] ever heard the name Church of Spiritual Technology. Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ &lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Trademarks==<br /> [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol are trademarks and services marks owned by the Church of Spiritual Technology, operating as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598321 Church of Spiritual Technology 2007-09-24T00:53:04Z <p>AndroidCat: Added CNN ref</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' ('''CST''') was incorporated in the State of [[California]], [[USA]] in [[1982]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.americanreligion.org/books/scientology.html&lt;/ref&gt; This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The CST is unusual in that it has no members or [[clergy]], which is allowed under California law. This church gets its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Religious Technology Center]] is the holder of the trademarks and service marks of Scientology and is safeguarding its application. CST is the holder of the [[copyrights]] and licenses their use. The [[Church of Scientology International]] is the organization providing management services to other Scientology Churches all over the world. <br /> <br /> [[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|left|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology]]<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world. The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late [[1980s]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | first = Anderson| last = Cooper| title = Inside the Church of Scientology| url = http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/02/acd.01.html| format = Transcript | work = Anderson Cooper 360 Degrees| publisher = CNN | date = [[2005-12-02]] | accessdate = 2007-09-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For the first 21 years of its existence, few members of the [[Church of Scientology]] ever heard the name Church of Spiritual Technology. Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ &lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Trademarks==<br /> [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol are trademarks and services marks owned by the Church of Spiritual Technology, operating as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598317 Church of Spiritual Technology 2007-09-22T04:33:46Z <p>AndroidCat: rv. The trademarks are definitely related since these ones are owned directly by CST rather than RTC.</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' ('''CST''') was incorporated in the State of [[California]], [[USA]] in [[1982]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.americanreligion.org/books/scientology.html&lt;/ref&gt; This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The CST is unusual in that it has no members or [[clergy]], which is allowed under California law. This church gets its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Religious Technology Center]] is the holder of the trademarks and service marks of Scientology and is safeguarding its application. CST is the holder of the [[copyrights]] and licenses their use. The [[Church of Scientology International]] is the organization providing management services to other Scientology Churches all over the world. <br /> <br /> [[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|left|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology]]<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world. The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late [[1980s]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For the first 21 years of its existence, few members of the [[Church of Scientology]] ever heard the name Church of Spiritual Technology. Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ &lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Trademarks==<br /> [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol are trademarks and services marks owned by the Church of Spiritual Technology, operating as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> http://www.lermanet.com/CST/index.htm (www.Lermanet.com CST page)<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133592025 Scientology Int. Base 2007-08-26T00:59:21Z <p>AndroidCat: Used existing ref that supports most of text, converted inline ELs,</p> <hr /> <div>{{coord|33|50|3.25|N|116|59|5.85|W|display=title}}<br /> {{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is a 500 acre parcel and the headquarters of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media division of the [[Church of Scientology]], located at 19625 [[California State Route 79|Highway 79]], [[Gilman Hot Springs, California]] 92583, near [[Hemet, California|Hemet]]. Part of the Base borders [[U.S. Department of Defense]] property.<br /> <br /> ==About the Base==<br /> Gold Base produces the [[E-Meter]]s the [[Church of Scientology]] uses and sells to practitioners.&lt;ref name=&quot;goldeneye&quot;&gt;{{cite news | first = Thomas C | last = Tobin | title = A place called 'Gold' | url = http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/102598/scientologygold.html | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1998-10-25]] | accessdate = 2007-03-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; It has film and sound facilities and produces the films used in and sold by the Church. It is staffed by members of the [[Sea Organization]] from the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and Golden Era Productions. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live on the Base.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In an article published in the [[LA Weekly]], Gale Holland wrote that there are critics of the Church of Scientology who say that Gold Base &quot;houses the church's highly secretive security apparatus&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;UnfairGame&quot;&gt;{{cite news | author = Gale Holland | title = Unfair Game: Scientologists Get Their Man | url = http://www.laweekly.com/news/news/unfair-game/4713/ | publisher = [[LA Weekly]] | date = [[2001-06-20]] | accessdate = 2007-08-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; There are motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt; Former Scientology security officer [[Andre Tabayoyon]] has testified in court that the Gold Base is illegally stockpiling weapons and ammunition.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/andre2.html&lt;/ref&gt; His wife also swore in her affidavit that Sea Org women were forced to have abortions against their will.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/abortion.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref name=&quot;inland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf |format = [[PDF]]|title = Scientology's inland empire |accessdate = 2007-08-25 |last = Perry |first = Rebecca | coauthors = Kelsen, Don|date = [[2005-12-17]]|work = [[Los Angeles Times]]|publisher = }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Scientology also maintains the [[Trementina Base]] in [[New Mexico]] as a high-tech archive of Hubbard's spoken and written words, with similar archives located in [[Petrolia, California]] and [[Crestline, California]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/trementina-vault3.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas - where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists and celebrities stay.<br /> *BonnieView - the home for L. Ron Hubbard when he returns in his next life.<br /> *Staff berthing - four buildings where staff live.<br /> *CMO Int - [[Commodore's Messengers Organization International]]. CMO Int has the function of establishing and running all management units under Church of Scientology International (CSI)'s control.<br /> *OGH buildings - Old Gilman House. Probably used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *RTC building - where [[Religious Technology Center]] is headquartered.<br /> *Del Sol - auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Qual Gold - Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot;.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including a running track, basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake with a training ship (the ''Laissez-Faire''), two beaches, and a golf course.&lt;ref&gt;http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;inland&quot;/&gt;<br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> Henson picketed the secretive, and allegedly heavily-armed&lt;ref&gt;http://lermanet.com/cos/andres.html&lt;/ref&gt;, Gold Base compound to protest the deaths of a Scientologist, Stacy Moxon Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of lead Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], died in an accident in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base at about the same time that picketers aboveground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner. Shaner died in an auto accident on the road fronting Gold Base when a contractor working for the Church was moving a piece of [[Loader (equipment)|construction equipment]] across the highway after dusk without adequate lighting.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * [http://www.scientologytoday.org/corp/csi5.htm ScientologyToday: Golden Era Productions]<br /> *[http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=33.830819,-116.985984&amp;spn=0.016425,0.027968&amp;t=k&amp;hl=en Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]<br /> *[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Similar Satellite photograph with key to features]<br /> * [http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story?coll=la-home-headlines L.A. Times article discussing the Gold Base]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quentin_Hubbard&diff=132760002 Quentin Hubbard 2007-08-16T03:35:44Z <p>AndroidCat: rv two gibberish edits by Countesskrak, who reminds me of a certain banned user.</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Celebrity<br /> | name = Quentin Hubbard<br /> | bgcolour = #f0de31<br /> | image = Quentin Hubbard.gif<br /> | imagesize = 150px<br /> | caption = Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard<br /> | birth_date = [[January 6]], [[1954]] <br /> | birth_place = [[United States]]<br /> | death_date = [[November 12]], [[1976]]<br /> | death_place = [[Las Vegas, Nevada]], [[United States]]<br /> | occupation = <br /> | salary = <br /> | networth = <br /> | spouse =<br /> | children = <br /> | website =<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{ScientologySeries}}<br /> '''Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard''' ([[6 January]][[1954]] – [[12 November]][[1976]]), was the son of [[L. Ron Hubbard]], the founder of the [[Church of Scientology]]. His father had groomed his son to take over the organization for him&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;/&gt;&lt;!--pp. 213-214--&gt;. Quentin was discovered by police October 28, 1976, unconscious from an apparent [[suicide]] attempt, and died two weeks later without having regained consciousness.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Miller, Russell | title=[[Bare-faced Messiah]], The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard | publisher=Henry Holt &amp; Co | location=New York | edition=First American Edition | year=1987 | id=ISBN 0-8050-0654-0 |url=http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/bfm/bfmconte.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- 344 --&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Life==<br /> Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard was born on January 6, 1954 as the son of L. Ron Hubbard and [[Mary Sue Hubbard]]. Quentin wanted to be a pilot as a child but later was happy to dedicate himself to the Church and rising through its hierarchy. <br /> <br /> Sources close to him have asserted that his [[homosexuality]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Atack | first = Jon | authorlink = Jon Atack | title = [[A Piece of Blue Sky]] | accessdate = 2007-06-25 | year = 1990 | publisher = Carol Publishing Group | isbn = 0-8184-0499-X | chapter = Chapter 6 - The Flag Land Base | chapterurl = http://members.chello.nl/mgormez/books/a_piece_of_blue_sky/bs4-6.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/books/bfm/interviews/kima.htm Interview with Kima Douglas], Oakland, California, 27 August 1986&lt;/ref&gt; caused him a great deal of personal torment due to the [[homophobia]] of the era and his father's creation of a new religion that [[homosexuality and Scientology|officially categorized homosexuals]] as &quot;sexual pervert[s]&quot; and &quot;quite ill physically&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;DMSMH85&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Hubbard | first = L. Ron | authorlink = L. Ron Hubbard | title = Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health | edition = 1985 edition | year = 1985 | month = | publisher = [[Bridge Publications]] | location = Los Angeles, CA | id = ISBN 0-88404-219-7 | pages = 140 | chapter = Part 2, Chapter 5 | quote = The sexual pervert (and by this term Dianetics, to be brief, includes any and all forms of deviation in dynamic two such as homosexuality, lesbianism, sexual sadism, etc., and all down the catalog of Ellis and Krafft-Ebing) is actually quite ill physically.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Another source close to him claims that his alleged homosexuality was an act. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;&gt; [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/#commendation Monica Pignotti's account of her time in Scientology]: &quot;Quentin and I came very close to getting involved sexually, but we didn't because he told me that several years earlier, he had become sexually involved with a young woman and she had been sent off the ship when his father found out. He didn't want to get me into that kind of trouble, so we remained good friends.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; His unrealized dream was to become an airplane pilot.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hanna.htm Hana Eltringham Whitfield Remembers Quentin]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/entheta/entheta/media/tv/secret/secret3.html Secret Lives - L. Ron Hubbard], Channel 4, November 19, 1997&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Death ==<br /> Quentin's severe depression led to his first suicide attempt in [[1974]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 325-6 --&gt;. In [[1976]], he disappeared from his home in [[Clearwater, Florida]] and he was later found in a car in [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]]. It is believed that he committed suicide in his car through carbon monoxide poisoning, although his toxic screen came back negative for drugs and [[carbon monoxide]] in his body. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/aff_hw94a.html Affidavit of Hana Whitfield], April 4, 1994&lt;/ref&gt; His wallet was gone, and the license plate of the car was missing and found under a rock some distance away. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/rvy.htm Affidavit of Robert Vaughn Young], April 4, 1994&lt;/ref&gt; A former Scientologist later stated that, under the instructions of the [[Guardian's Office]], he and another Scientologist had illegally removed Quentin's medical records from the hospital where he had died, over concern that they contained evidence of a homosexual encounter shortly before his death.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 345-6 --&gt;<br /> <br /> == Controversy ==<br /> One source critical of the Church of Scientology suggested that Quentin was murdered by Scientologists because he was homosexual and was planning to leave the Church to go to flight training school.<br /> [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/quentin-coronor.htm] <br /> [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/].<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> === Further reading ===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.lermanet.com/exit/quentincoroner.htm Coroner's Report and Death Certificate]<br /> {{refend}}<br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hubbard.htm Tribute to Quentin]<br /> * [http://www.whyaretheydead.net/Quentin_Hubbard_22/index.html Scientology associated deaths]<br /> <br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Hubbard, Quentin}}<br /> [[Category:1954 births]]<br /> [[Category:1976 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversy]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quentin_Hubbard&diff=132759999 Quentin Hubbard 2007-08-14T14:51:07Z <p>AndroidCat: rv. Accusing Dennis Erlich, Russ Meadows and David Mayo of conspiracy kidnap without sources is a BLP violation</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Celebrity<br /> | name = Quentin Hubbard<br /> | bgcolour = #f0de31<br /> | image = Quentin Hubbard.gif<br /> | imagesize = 150px<br /> | caption = Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard<br /> | birth_date = [[January 6]], [[1954]] <br /> | birth_place = [[United States]]<br /> | death_date = [[November 12]], [[1976]]<br /> | death_place = [[Las Vegas, Nevada]], [[United States]]<br /> | occupation = <br /> | salary = <br /> | networth = <br /> | spouse =<br /> | children = <br /> | website =<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{ScientologySeries}}<br /> '''Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard''' ([[6 January]][[1954]] – [[12 November]][[1976]]), was the son of [[L. Ron Hubbard]], the founder of the [[Church of Scientology]]. His father had groomed his son to take over the organization for him&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;/&gt;&lt;!--pp. 213-214--&gt;. Quentin was discovered by police October 28, 1976, unconscious from an apparent [[suicide]] attempt, and died two weeks later without having regained consciousness.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Miller, Russell | title=[[Bare-faced Messiah]], The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard | publisher=Henry Holt &amp; Co | location=New York | edition=First American Edition | year=1987 | id=ISBN 0-8050-0654-0 |url=http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/bfm/bfmconte.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- 344 --&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Life==<br /> Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard was born on January 6, 1954 as the son of L. Ron Hubbard and [[Mary Sue Hubbard]]. Quentin wanted to be a pilot as a child but later was happy to dedicate himself to the Church and rising through its hierarchy. <br /> <br /> Sources close to him have asserted that his [[homosexuality]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Atack | first = Jon | authorlink = Jon Atack | title = [[A Piece of Blue Sky]] | accessdate = 2007-06-25 | year = 1990 | publisher = Carol Publishing Group | isbn = 0-8184-0499-X | chapter = Chapter 6 - The Flag Land Base | chapterurl = http://members.chello.nl/mgormez/books/a_piece_of_blue_sky/bs4-6.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/books/bfm/interviews/kima.htm Interview with Kima Douglas], Oakland, California, 27 August 1986&lt;/ref&gt; caused him a great deal of personal torment due to the [[homophobia]] of the era and his father's creation of a new religion that [[homosexuality and Scientology|officially categorized homosexuals]] as &quot;sexual pervert[s]&quot; and &quot;quite ill physically&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;DMSMH85&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Hubbard | first = L. Ron | authorlink = L. Ron Hubbard | title = Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health | edition = 1985 edition | year = 1985 | month = | publisher = [[Bridge Publications]] | location = Los Angeles, CA | id = ISBN 0-88404-219-7 | pages = 140 | chapter = Part 2, Chapter 5 | quote = The sexual pervert (and by this term Dianetics, to be brief, includes any and all forms of deviation in dynamic two such as homosexuality, lesbianism, sexual sadism, etc., and all down the catalog of Ellis and Krafft-Ebing) is actually quite ill physically.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Another source close to him claims that his alleged homosexuality was an act. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;&gt; [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/#commendation Monica Pignotti's account of her time in Scientology]: &quot;Quentin and I came very close to getting involved sexually, but we didn't because he told me that several years earlier, he had become sexually involved with a young woman and she had been sent off the ship when his father found out. He didn't want to get me into that kind of trouble, so we remained good friends.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; His unrealized dream was to become an airplane pilot.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hanna.htm Hana Eltringham Whitfield Remembers Quentin]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/entheta/entheta/media/tv/secret/secret3.html Secret Lives - L. Ron Hubbard], Channel 4, November 19, 1997&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Death ==<br /> Quentin's severe depression led to his first suicide attempt in [[1974]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 325-6 --&gt;. In [[1976]], he disappeared from his home in [[Clearwater, Florida]] and he was later found in a car in [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]]. It is believed that he committed suicide in his car through carbon monoxide poisoning, although his toxic screen came back negative for drugs and [[carbon monoxide]] in his body. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/aff_hw94a.html Affidavit of Hana Whitfield], April 4, 1994&lt;/ref&gt; His wallet was gone, and the license plate of the car was missing and found under a rock some distance away. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/rvy.htm Affidavit of Robert Vaughn Young], April 4, 1994&lt;/ref&gt; A former Scientologist later stated that, under the instructions of the [[Guardian's Office]], he and another Scientologist had illegally removed Quentin's medical records from the hospital where he had died, over concern that they contained evidence of a homosexual encounter shortly before his death.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 345-6 --&gt;<br /> <br /> == Controversy ==<br /> One source critical of the Church of Scientology suggested that Quentin was murdered by Scientologists because he was homosexual and was planning to leave the Church to go to flight training school.<br /> [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/quentin-coronor.htm] <br /> [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/].<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> === Further reading ===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.lermanet.com/exit/quentincoroner.htm Coroner's Report and Death Certificate]<br /> {{refend}}<br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hubbard.htm Tribute to Quentin]<br /> * [http://www.whyaretheydead.net/Quentin_Hubbard_22/index.html Scientology associated deaths]<br /> <br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Hubbard, Quentin}}<br /> [[Category:1954 births]]<br /> [[Category:1976 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversy]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quentin_Hubbard&diff=132759997 Quentin Hubbard 2007-08-14T12:03:38Z <p>AndroidCat: Undid revision 151130807 by Countesskrak (talk) Truly weird OR. It does remind me of someone</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Celebrity<br /> | name = Quentin Hubbard<br /> | bgcolour = #f0de31<br /> | image = Quentin Hubbard.gif<br /> | imagesize = 150px<br /> | caption = Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard<br /> | birth_date = [[January 6]], [[1954]] <br /> | birth_place = [[United States]]<br /> | death_date = [[November 12]], [[1976]]<br /> | death_place = [[Las Vegas, Nevada]], [[United States]]<br /> | occupation = <br /> | salary = <br /> | networth = <br /> | spouse =<br /> | children = <br /> | website =<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{ScientologySeries}}<br /> '''Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard''' ([[6 January]][[1954]] – [[12 November]][[1976]]), was the son of [[L. Ron Hubbard]], the founder of the [[Church of Scientology]]. His father had groomed his son to take over the organization for him&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;/&gt;&lt;!--pp. 213-214--&gt;. Quentin was discovered by police October 28, 1976, unconscious from an apparent [[suicide]] attempt, and died two weeks later without having regained consciousness.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Miller, Russell | title=[[Bare-faced Messiah]], The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard | publisher=Henry Holt &amp; Co | location=New York | edition=First American Edition | year=1987 | id=ISBN 0-8050-0654-0 |url=http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/bfm/bfmconte.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- 344 --&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Life==<br /> Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard was born on January 6, 1954 as the son of L. Ron Hubbard and [[Mary Sue Hubbard]]. Quentin wanted to be a pilot as a child but later was happy to dedicate himself to the Church and rising through its hierarchy. <br /> <br /> Sources close to him have asserted that his [[homosexuality]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Atack | first = Jon | authorlink = Jon Atack | title = [[A Piece of Blue Sky]] | accessdate = 2007-06-25 | year = 1990 | publisher = Carol Publishing Group | isbn = 0-8184-0499-X | chapter = Chapter 6 - The Flag Land Base | chapterurl = http://members.chello.nl/mgormez/books/a_piece_of_blue_sky/bs4-6.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/books/bfm/interviews/kima.htm Interview with Kima Douglas], Oakland, California, 27 August 1986&lt;/ref&gt; caused him a great deal of personal torment due to the [[homophobia]] of the era and his father's creation of a new religion that [[homosexuality and Scientology|officially categorized homosexuals]] as &quot;sexual pervert[s]&quot; and &quot;quite ill physically&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;DMSMH85&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Hubbard | first = L. Ron | authorlink = L. Ron Hubbard | title = Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health | edition = 1985 edition | year = 1985 | month = | publisher = [[Bridge Publications]] | location = Los Angeles, CA | id = ISBN 0-88404-219-7 | pages = 140 | chapter = Part 2, Chapter 5 | quote = The sexual pervert (and by this term Dianetics, to be brief, includes any and all forms of deviation in dynamic two such as homosexuality, lesbianism, sexual sadism, etc., and all down the catalog of Ellis and Krafft-Ebing) is actually quite ill physically.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Another source close to him claims that his alleged homosexuality was an act. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;&gt; [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/#commendation Monica Pignotti's account of her time in Scientology]: &quot;Quentin and I came very close to getting involved sexually, but we didn't because he told me that several years earlier, he had become sexually involved with a young woman and she had been sent off the ship when his father found out. He didn't want to get me into that kind of trouble, so we remained good friends.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; His unrealized dream was to become an airplane pilot.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hanna.htm Hana Eltringham Whitfield Remembers Quentin]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/entheta/entheta/media/tv/secret/secret3.html Secret Lives - L. Ron Hubbard], Channel 4, November 19, 1997&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Death ==<br /> Quentin's severe depression led to his first suicide attempt in [[1974]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 325-6 --&gt;. In [[1976]], he disappeared from his home in [[Clearwater, Florida]] and he was later found in a car in [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]]. It is believed that he committed suicide in his car through carbon monoxide poisoning, although his toxic screen came back negative for drugs and [[carbon monoxide]] in his body. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/aff_hw94a.html Affidavit of Hana Whitfield], April 4, 1994&lt;/ref&gt; His wallet was gone, and the license plate of the car was missing and found under a rock some distance away. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/rvy.htm Affidavit of Robert Vaughn Young], April 4, 1994&lt;/ref&gt; A former Scientologist later stated that, under the instructions of the [[Guardian's Office]], he and another Scientologist had illegally removed Quentin's medical records from the hospital where he had died, over concern that they contained evidence of a homosexual encounter shortly before his death.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 345-6 --&gt;<br /> <br /> == Controversy ==<br /> One source critical of the Church of Scientology suggested that Quentin was murdered by Scientologists because he was homosexual and was planning to leave the Church to go to flight training school.<br /> [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/quentin-coronor.htm] <br /> [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/].<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> === Further reading ===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.lermanet.com/exit/quentincoroner.htm Coroner's Report and Death Certificate]<br /> {{refend}}<br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hubbard.htm Tribute to Quentin]<br /> * [http://www.whyaretheydead.net/Quentin_Hubbard_22/index.html Scientology associated deaths]<br /> <br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Hubbard, Quentin}}<br /> [[Category:1954 births]]<br /> [[Category:1976 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversy]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quentin_Hubbard&diff=132759985 Quentin Hubbard 2007-06-25T13:12:29Z <p>AndroidCat: Cite book for Blue Sky in hopes that people will stop &quot;correcting&quot; Jon Atack&#039;s name</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Celebrity<br /> | name = Quentin Hubbard<br /> | bgcolour = #f0de31<br /> | image = Quentin Hubbard.gif<br /> | imagesize = 150px<br /> | caption = Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard<br /> | birth_date = [[January 6]], [[1954]] <br /> | birth_place = [[United States]]<br /> | death_date = [[November 12]], [[1976]]<br /> | death_place = [[Las Vegas, Nevada]], [[United States]]<br /> | occupation = <br /> | salary = <br /> | networth = <br /> | spouse =<br /> | children = <br /> | website =<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{ScientologySeries}}<br /> '''Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard''' ([[6 January]][[1954]] – [[12 November]][[1976]]), was the son of [[L. Ron Hubbard]], the founder of the [[Church of Scientology]]. His father had groomed his son to take over the organization for him, &lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;/&gt;&lt;!--pp. 213-214--&gt; but Quentin's personality was ill-suited for being the leader of an international religious organization. Personally he wanted little to do with [[Scientology]] {{Fact|date=April 2007}}. Quentin was discovered by police October 28, 1976, unconscious from an apparent [[suicide]] attempt, and died two weeks later without having regained consciousness.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Miller, Russell | title=[[Bare-faced Messiah]], The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard | publisher=Henry Holt &amp; Co | location=New York | edition=First American Edition | year=1987 | id=ISBN 0-8050-0654-0 |url=http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/bfm/bfmconte.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- 344 --&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Life==<br /> Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard was born on January 6, 1954 as the son of L. Ron Hubbard and [[Mary Sue Hubbard]]. Quentin wanted to be a [[Aviator|pilot]], but his father insisted he dedicate himself to the Church and rise through its hierarchy. <br /> <br /> However, Quentin was reluctant to take control over such an organization and had little interest in Scientology. Sources close to him have asserted that his [[homosexuality]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BlueSky&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Atack | first = Jon | authorlink = Jon Atack | title = [[A Piece of Blue Sky]] | accessdate = 2007-06-25 | year = 1990 | publisher = Carol Publishing Group | isbn = 0-8184-0499-X | chapter = Chapter 6 - The Flag Land Base | chapterurl = http://members.chello.nl/mgormez/books/a_piece_of_blue_sky/bs4-6.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/books/bfm/interviews/kima.htm Interview with Kima Douglas], Oakland, California, 27 August 1986&lt;/ref&gt; caused him a great deal of personal torment due to the [[homophobia]] of the era and his father's creation of a new religion that [[homosexuality and Scientology|officially categorized homosexuals]] as &quot;sexual pervert[s]&quot; and &quot;quite ill physically&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;DMSMH85&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Hubbard | first = L. Ron | authorlink = L. Ron Hubbard | title = Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health | edition = 1985 edition | year = 1985 | month = | publisher = [[Bridge Publications]] | location = Los Angeles, CA | id = ISBN 0-88404-219-7 | pages = 140 | chapter = Part 2, Chapter 5 | quote = The sexual pervert (and by this term Dianetics, to be brief, includes any and all forms of deviation in dynamic two such as homosexuality, lesbianism, sexual sadism, etc., and all down the catalog of Ellis and Krafft-Ebing) is actually quite ill physically.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Another source close to him claims that his alleged homosexuality was an act. &lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;&gt; [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/#commendation Monica Pignotti's account of her time in Scientology]: &quot;Quentin and I came very close to getting involved sexually, but we didn't because he told me that several years earlier, he had become sexually involved with a young woman and she had been sent off the ship when his father found out. He didn't want to get me into that kind of trouble, so we remained good friends.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; His unrealized dream was to become an airplane pilot.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pignotti&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hanna.htm Hana Eltringham Whitfield Remembers Quentin]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.xenu.net/entheta/entheta/media/tv/secret/secret3.html Secret Lives - L. Ron Hubbard], Channel 4, November 19, 1997&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Death ==<br /> Quentin's severe depression led to his first suicide attempt in [[1974]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 325-6 --&gt; but he never received any mental health services, as Scientologists feel that mental health professionals use drugs in order to enslave the human race. In [[1976]], he disappeared from his home in [[Clearwater, Florida]] and he was later found in a car in [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]]. It is believed that he committed suicide in his car through carbon monoxide poisoning, although his toxic screen came back negative for drugs and [[carbon monoxide]] in his body. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/aff_hw94a.html Affidavit of Hana Whitfield], April 4, 1994&lt;/ref&gt; His wallet was gone, and the license plate of the car was missing and found under a rock some distance away. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/rvy.htm Affidavit of Robert Vaughn Young], April 4, 1994&lt;/ref&gt; A former Scientologist later stated that, under the instructions of the [[Guardian's Office]], he and another Scientologist had illegally removed Quentin's medical records from the hospital where he had died, over concern that they contained evidence of a homosexual encounter shortly before his death.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 345-6 --&gt;<br /> <br /> == Controversy ==<br /> One source critical of the Church of Scientology suggested that Quentin was murdered by Scientologists because he was gay and was planning to leave the Church to go to flight training school.<br /> [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/quentin-coronor.htm] [http://www.whyaretheydead.net/Quentin_Hubbard_22/]<br /> [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/].<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> === Further reading ===<br /> {{refbegin}}<br /> * [http://www.lermanet.com/exit/quentincoroner.htm Coroner's Report and Death Certificate]<br /> {{refend}}<br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hubbard.htm Tribute to Quentin]<br /> * [http://www.whyaretheydead.net/Quentin_Hubbard_22/index.html Scientology associated deaths]<br /> <br /> {{Scientologyfooter}}<br /> <br /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Hubbard, Quentin}}<br /> [[Category:1954 births]]<br /> [[Category:1976 deaths]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversy]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133592020 Scientology Int. Base 2007-06-07T13:12:08Z <p>AndroidCat: /* Picketing at Gold Base */ The phantom injunction needs to be properly refed before re-adding.</p> <hr /> <div>{{coord|33|50|3.25|N|116|59|5.85|W|display=title}}<br /> {{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is a 500 acre parcel and the headquarters of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media division of the [[Church of Scientology]], located at 19625 [[California State Route 79|Highway 79]], [[Gilman Hot Springs, California]] 92583, near [[Hemet, California|Hemet]]. Part of the Base borders [[U.S. Department of Defense]] property.<br /> <br /> ==About the Base==<br /> Gold Base produces the [[E-Meter]]s the [[Church of Scientology]] uses and sells to practitioners.&lt;ref name=&quot;goldeneye&quot;&gt;{{cite news | first = Thomas C | last = Tobin | title = A place called 'Gold' | url = http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/102598/scientologygold.html | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1998-10-25]] | accessdate = 2007-03-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; It has film and sound facilities and produces the films used in and sold by the Church. It is staffed by members of the [[Sea Organization]] from the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and Golden Era Productions. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live on the Base.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In an article published in the [[LA Weekly]], Gale Holland wrote that there are critics of the Church of Scientology who say that Gold Base &quot;houses the church's highly secretive security apparatus&quot;[http://www.laweekly.com/news/news/unfair-game/4713/]. There are motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt; Former Scientology security officer [[Andre Tabayoyon]] has testified in court that the Gold Base is illegally stockpiling weapons and ammunition. [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/andre2.html] His wife also swore in her affidavit that Sea Org women were forced to have abortions against their will [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/abortion.html].<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Rebecca Perry | title = Scientology's inland empire | journal = Los Angeles Times | date = December 17, 2005 | url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf | format = [[PDF]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> Scientology also maintains the [[Trementina Base]] in [[New Mexico]] as a high-tech archive of Hubbard's spoken and written words, with similar archives located in [[Petrolia, California]] and [[Crestline, California]]. [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/trementina-vault3.htm]<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas - where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists and celebrities stay.<br /> *BonnieView - the home for L. Ron Hubbard when he returns in his next life.<br /> *Staff berthing - four buildings where staff live.<br /> *CMO Int - [[Commodore's Messengers Organization International]]. CMO Int has the function of establishing and running all management units under Church of Scientology International (CSI)'s control.<br /> *OGH buildings - Old Gilman House. Probably used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *RTC building - where [[Religious Technology Center]] is headquartered.<br /> *Del Sol - auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Qual Gold - Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot;.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including a running track, basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake with a training ship (the ''Laissez-Faire''), two beaches, and a golf course. [http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2]<br /> <br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> Henson picketed the secretive and, allegedly heavily-armed[http://lermanet.com/cos/andres.html], Gold Base compound to protest the deaths of a Scientologist, Stacy Moxon Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of lead Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], died in an accident in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base at about the same time that picketers aboveground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner. Shaner died in an auto accident on the road fronting Gold Base when a contractor working for the Church was moving a piece of [[Loader (equipment)|construction equipment]] across the highway after dusk without adequate lighting.[http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm]<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * [http://www.scientologytoday.org/corp/csi5.htm ScientologyToday: Golden Era Productions]<br /> *[http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=33.830819,-116.985984&amp;spn=0.016425,0.027968&amp;t=k&amp;hl=en Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]<br /> *[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Similar Satellite photograph with key to features]<br /> * [http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story?coll=la-home-headlines L.A. Times article discussing the Gold Base]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133592017 Scientology Int. Base 2007-05-30T02:36:02Z <p>AndroidCat: rv vandalism</p> <hr /> <div>{{coord|33|50|3.25|N|116|59|5.85|W|display=title}}<br /> {{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is a 500 acre parcel and the headquarters of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media division of the [[Church of Scientology]], located at 19625 [[California State Route 79|Highway 79]], [[Gilman Hot Springs, California]] 92583, near [[Hemet, California|Hemet]]. Part of the Base borders [[U.S. Department of Defense]] property.<br /> <br /> ==About the Base==<br /> Gold Base produces the [[E-Meter]]s the [[Church of Scientology]] uses and sells to practitioners.&lt;ref name=&quot;goldeneye&quot;&gt;{{cite news | first = Thomas C | last = Tobin | title = A place called 'Gold' | url = http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/102598/scientologygold.html | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1998-10-25]] | accessdate = 2007-03-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; It has film and sound facilities and produces the films used in and sold by the Church. It is staffed by members of the [[Sea Organization]] from the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and Golden Era Productions. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live on the Base.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In an article published in the [[LA Weekly]], Gale Holland wrote that there are critics of the Church of Scientology who say that Gold Base &quot;houses the church's highly secretive security apparatus&quot;[http://www.laweekly.com/news/news/unfair-game/4713/]. There are motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt; Former Scientology security officer [[Andre Tabayoyon]] has testified in court that the Gold Base is illegally stockpiling weapons and ammunition. [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/andre2.html] His wife also swore in her affidavit that Sea Org women were forced to have abortions against their will [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/abortion.html].<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Rebecca Perry | title = Scientology's inland empire | journal = Los Angeles Times | date = December 17, 2005 | url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf | format = [[PDF]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Arnaldo Lerma]] has published lists of names of all Gold Base staff, and it has been the subject of speculation why 70 percent of them are women. [http://ocmb.xenu.net/ocmb/viewtopic.php?t=15199]<br /> <br /> Scientology also maintains the [[Trementina Base]] in [[New Mexico]], with similar bases located in [[Petrolia, California]] and [[Crestline, California]]. [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/trementina-vault3.htm]<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas - where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists and celebrities stay.<br /> *BonnieView - the home for L. Ron Hubbard when he returns in his next life.<br /> *Staff berthing - four buildings where staff live.<br /> *CMO Int - [[Commodore's Messengers Organization International]]. CMO Int has the function of establishing and running all management units under Church of Scientology International (CSI)'s control.<br /> *OGH buildings - Old Gilman House. Probably used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *RTC building - where [[Religious Technology Center]] is headquartered.<br /> *Del Sol - auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Qual Gold - Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot;.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including a running track, basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake with a training ship (the ''Laissez-Faire''), two beaches, and a golf course. [http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2]<br /> <br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> There is a prohibition on [[picketing]] Gold Base stemming from activist [[Keith Henson]]'s picketing in 2000.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} Although critics hold the provision is unconstitutional, it has not been challenged in recent years. Henson picketed the secretive and heavily-armed [http://lermanet.com/cos/andres.html] Gold Base compound over the deaths of a Scientologist, Stacy Moxon Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], adverse counsel in many lawsuits involving Henson, died in an accident in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base. At the time when Stacy Moxon Meyer was dying underground in the electrical vault, picketers above ground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner in a decapitation which occurred at the Gold Base when Scientology personnel were moving construction equipment on the highway at night without lights and in the wrong lane.[http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm]<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist|2}}<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * [http://www.scientologytoday.org/corp/csi5.htm ScientologyToday: Golden Era Productions]<br /> *[http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=33.830819,-116.985984&amp;spn=0.016425,0.027968&amp;t=k&amp;hl=en Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]<br /> *[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Similar Satellite photograph with key to features]<br /> * [http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story?coll=la-home-headlines L.A. Times article discussing the Gold Base]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133628047 Church of Spiritual Technology 2007-05-15T22:08:01Z <p>AndroidCat: Address</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> '''Author Services Inc.''' (ASI) is a literary agency that represents only one author, the late [[Scientology]] founder [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of the [[Church of Spiritual Technology]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/documents/1993-10-01closingagrmt.html#irsorder IRS-Scientology Closing Agreement], [[1993-10-01]]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ASI was incorporated as a for-profit company in the state of [[California]] on October 13, 1981 and is located in [[Los Angeles]], at 7051 Hollywood Blvd. ASI pays a substantial portion of its income to the [[Church of Spiritual Technology]], a non-profit corporation also based in California.<br /> <br /> Since its incorporation ASI manages [[L. Ron Hubbard]]'s personal, business and literary affairs. After Hubbard’s death in 1986, ASI continued to represent his literary and musical works worldwide.<br /> <br /> ASI administers and holds the [[Writers of the Future|Writers and Illustrators of the Future]] contest. The contest had been established and sponsored by Hubbard in [[1983]] and since was supported by Science-Fiction writers such as [[Robert Silverberg]], [[Kevin J. Anderson]], [[Larry Niven]], [[Frederik Pohl]], [[Gene Wolfe]], [[Orson Scott Card]] and others.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.writersofthefuture.com/history.htm History of &quot;Writers of the Future&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ASI also sells book cover prints and special editions.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm ASI International Rights Catalogue]&lt;/ref&gt;. In 2005 ASI received a verification certificate from Guinness World Records on behalf of [[L. Ron Hubbard]] for being the &quot;most translated author&quot; in the world. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.thebookstandard.com/bookstandard/news/author/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001476331 The Book Standard of 9 November 2005]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> While ASI presents Hubbard's fiction and secular works under the [[Galaxy Press]] label, his Scientology-related writings are represented by [[Bridge Publications (Scientology)|Bridge Publications]] (New Era Publications outside North America).<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> * [http://www.ex-cult.org/Groups/Scientology/sandiego.txt Hubbard Hot Author Status Called Illusion] (Mike McIntyre, ''San Diego Union'' April 15, 1990, p1)<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.authorservicesinc.com/ Official web site]<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/documents/1981-10-13asiinc.html Information on ASI connection to the CST] (Sc-I-R-S-Ology)<br /> * [http://www.asirights.com/news.htm News Site of ASI showing their worldwide activities]<br /> * [http://www.ansible.co.uk/writing/hubbard.html Strange Vibrations] [[David Langford]] about ASI's activities during Conspiracy '87, the 1987 [[Worldcon]].<br /> <br /> {{Scientology-stub}}<br /> [[Category:L. Ron Hubbard]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]<br /> <br /> {{Template:Scientologyfooter}}</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133591998 Scientology Int. Base 2007-03-19T02:52:24Z <p>AndroidCat: /* About the Base */ Zap fact</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is a 500 acre parcel and the headquarters of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media division of the [[Church of Scientology]], located at 19625 [[California State Route 79|Highway 79]], [[Gilman Hot Springs, California]] 92583, near [[Hemet, California|Hemet]]. Part of the Base borders [[U.S. Department of Defense]] property.<br /> <br /> ==About the Base==<br /> Gold Base produces the [[E-Meter]]s the [[Church of Scientology]] uses and sells to practitioners.&lt;ref name=&quot;goldeneye&quot;&gt;{{cite news | first = Thomas C | last = Tobin | title = A place called 'Gold' | url = http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/102598/scientologygold.html | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1998-10-25]] | accessdate = 2007-03-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; It has film and sound facilities and produces the films used in and sold by the Church. It is staffed by members of the [[Sea Organization]] from the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and Golden Era Productions. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live on the Base.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In an article published in the tabloid [[LA Weekly]], Gale Holland wrote that there are critics of the Church of Scientology who claim Gold Base, &quot;houses the church's highly secretive security apparatus&quot;[http://www.laweekly.com/news/news/unfair-game/4713/]. The walls around this base have an inwardly directed &quot;ultra-barrier&quot; made up of sheetmetal knife-like projections{{Fact|date=March 2007}}. There has been much speculation about this{{Fact|date=March 2007}}, since the function of inwardly-directed barriers is to keep people in, rather than keeping people out. There are also motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt; Former Scientology security officer [[Andre Tabayoyon]] has testified in court that the Gold Base is illegally stockpiling weapons and ammunition. [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/andre2.html] His wife also swore in her affidavit that Sea Org women were forced to have abortions against their will [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/abortion.html].<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Rebecca Perry | title = Scientology's inland empire | journal = Los Angeles Times | date = December 17, 2005 | url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf | format = [[PDF]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Arnaldo Lerma]] has published lists of names of all Gold Base staff, and it has been the subject of speculation why 70 percent of them are women. [http://ocmb.xenu.net/ocmb/viewtopic.php?t=15199]<br /> <br /> Scientology also maintains the [[Trementina Base]] in [[New Mexico]], with similar bases located in [[Petrolia, California]], [[Crestline, California]]. [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/trementina-vault3.htm],<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas - where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists and celebrities stay.<br /> *&quot;BonnieView&quot; - the home for L. Ron Hubbard when he returns in his next life.<br /> *Staff berthing - four buildings where staff live.<br /> *CMO Int - [[Commodore's Messengers Organization International]]. CMO Int has the function of establishing and forcing to run all management units under Church of Scientology International (CSI)'s control.<br /> *OGH buildings - Old Gilman House. Probably used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *RTC building - where [[Religious Technology Center]] is headquartered.<br /> *Del Sol - auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Qual Gold - Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot;.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including a running track, basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake with a training ship (the &quot;Laissez-Faire&quot;), two beaches, and a golf course. [http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2]<br /> <br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> There is a prohibition on [[picketing]] Gold Base stemming from activist [[Keith Henson]]'s picketing in 2000.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} Although critics hold the provision is unconstitutional, it has not been challenged in recent years. Henson picketed the secretive and heavily-armed [http://lermanet.com/cos/andres.html] Gold Base compound over the unusual deaths of a Scientologist, Stacy Moxon Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], adverse counsel in many lawsuits involving Henson, died in a bizarre and gruesome accident in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base. In a horrific coincidence, when Stacy Moxon Meyer was dying underground in the electrical vault, picketers above ground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner in a ghastly decapitation which occurred at the Gold Base when Scientology was moving construction equipment on the highway at night without lights and in the wrong lane.[http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm]<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * [http://www.scientologytoday.org/corp/csi5.htm ScientologyToday: Golden Era Productions]<br /> *[http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=33.830819,-116.985984&amp;spn=0.016425,0.027968&amp;t=k&amp;hl=en Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]<br /> *[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Similar Satellite photograph with key to features]<br /> * [http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story?coll=la-home-headlines L.A. Times article discussing the Gold Base]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133591997 Scientology Int. Base 2007-03-19T02:50:31Z <p>AndroidCat: Zapped another over-cite request</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is a 500 acre parcel and the headquarters of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media division of the [[Church of Scientology]], located at 19625 [[California State Route 79|Highway 79]], [[Gilman Hot Springs, California]] 92583, near [[Hemet, California|Hemet]]. Part of the Base borders [[U.S. Department of Defense]] property.<br /> <br /> ==About the Base==<br /> Gold Base produces the [[E-Meter]]s the [[Church of Scientology]] uses and sells to practitioners.&lt;ref name=&quot;goldeneye&quot;&gt;{{cite news | first = Thomas C | last = Tobin | title = A place called 'Gold' | url = http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/102598/scientologygold.html | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1998-10-25]] | accessdate = 2007-03-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; It has film and sound facilities and produces the films used in and sold by the Church. It is staffed by members of the [[Sea Organization]] from the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and Golden Era Productions. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live on the Base.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;stone&quot;/&gt;<br /> <br /> In an article published in the tabloid [[LA Weekly]], Gale Holland wrote that there are critics of the Church of Scientology who claim Gold Base, &quot;houses the church's highly secretive security apparatus&quot;[http://www.laweekly.com/news/news/unfair-game/4713/]. The walls around this base have an inwardly directed &quot;ultra-barrier&quot; made up of sheetmetal knife-like projections{{Fact|date=March 2007}}. There has been much speculation about this{{Fact|date=March 2007}}, since the function of inwardly-directed barriers is to keep people in, rather than keeping people out. There are also motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras{{Fact|date=March 2007}}. Former Scientology security officer [[Andre Tabayoyon]] has testified in court that the Gold Base is illegally stockpiling weapons and ammunition. [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/andre2.html] His wife also swore in her affidavit that Sea Org women were forced to have abortions against their will [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/abortion.html].<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Rebecca Perry | title = Scientology's inland empire | journal = Los Angeles Times | date = December 17, 2005 | url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf | format = [[PDF]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Arnaldo Lerma]] has published lists of names of all Gold Base staff, and it has been the subject of speculation why 70 percent of them are women. [http://ocmb.xenu.net/ocmb/viewtopic.php?t=15199]<br /> <br /> Scientology also maintains the [[Trementina Base]] in [[New Mexico]], with similar bases located in [[Petrolia, California]], [[Crestline, California]]. [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/trementina-vault3.htm],<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas - where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists and celebrities stay.<br /> *&quot;BonnieView&quot; - the home for L. Ron Hubbard when he returns in his next life.<br /> *Staff berthing - four buildings where staff live.<br /> *CMO Int - [[Commodore's Messengers Organization International]]. CMO Int has the function of establishing and forcing to run all management units under Church of Scientology International (CSI)'s control.<br /> *OGH buildings - Old Gilman House. Probably used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *RTC building - where [[Religious Technology Center]] is headquartered.<br /> *Del Sol - auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Qual Gold - Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot;.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including a running track, basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake with a training ship (the &quot;Laissez-Faire&quot;), two beaches, and a golf course. [http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2]<br /> <br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> There is a prohibition on [[picketing]] Gold Base stemming from activist [[Keith Henson]]'s picketing in 2000.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} Although critics hold the provision is unconstitutional, it has not been challenged in recent years. Henson picketed the secretive and heavily-armed [http://lermanet.com/cos/andres.html] Gold Base compound over the unusual deaths of a Scientologist, Stacy Moxon Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], adverse counsel in many lawsuits involving Henson, died in a bizarre and gruesome accident in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base. In a horrific coincidence, when Stacy Moxon Meyer was dying underground in the electrical vault, picketers above ground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner in a ghastly decapitation which occurred at the Gold Base when Scientology was moving construction equipment on the highway at night without lights and in the wrong lane.[http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm]<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * [http://www.scientologytoday.org/corp/csi5.htm ScientologyToday: Golden Era Productions]<br /> *[http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=33.830819,-116.985984&amp;spn=0.016425,0.027968&amp;t=k&amp;hl=en Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]<br /> *[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Similar Satellite photograph with key to features]<br /> * [http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story?coll=la-home-headlines L.A. Times article discussing the Gold Base]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133591996 Scientology Int. Base 2007-03-19T02:43:40Z <p>AndroidCat: Added ref.</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is a 500 acre parcel and the headquarters of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media division of the [[Church of Scientology]], located at 19625 [[California State Route 79|Highway 79]], [[Gilman Hot Springs, California]] 92583, near [[Hemet, California|Hemet]]. Part of the Base borders [[U.S. Department of Defense]] property.<br /> <br /> ==About the Base==<br /> Gold Base produces the [[E-Meter]]s the [[Church of Scientology]] uses and sells to practitioners.&lt;ref name=&quot;goldeneye&quot;&gt;{{cite news | first = Thomas C | last = Tobin | title = A place called 'Gold' | url = http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/102598/scientologygold.html | publisher = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[1998-10-25]] | accessdate = 2007-03-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; It has film and sound facilities and produces the films used in and sold by the Church. It is staffed by members of the [[Sea Organization]] from the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and Golden Era Productions. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live on the Base.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;{{Fact|date=March 2007}}.<br /> <br /> In an article published in the tabloid [[LA Weekly]], Gale Holland wrote that there are critics of the Church of Scientology who claim Gold Base, &quot;houses the church's highly secretive security apparatus&quot;[http://www.laweekly.com/news/news/unfair-game/4713/]. The walls around this base have an inwardly directed &quot;ultra-barrier&quot; made up of sheetmetal knife-like projections{{Fact|date=March 2007}}. There has been much speculation about this{{Fact|date=March 2007}}, since the function of inwardly-directed barriers is to keep people in, rather than keeping people out. There are also motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras{{Fact|date=March 2007}}. Former Scientology security officer [[Andre Tabayoyon]] has testified in court that the Gold Base is illegally stockpiling weapons and ammunition. [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/andre2.html] His wife also swore in her affidavit that Sea Org women were forced to have abortions against their will [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/abortion.html].<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Rebecca Perry | title = Scientology's inland empire | journal = Los Angeles Times | date = December 17, 2005 | url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf | format = [[PDF]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Arnaldo Lerma]] has published lists of names of all Gold Base staff, and it has been the subject of speculation why 70 percent of them are women. [http://ocmb.xenu.net/ocmb/viewtopic.php?t=15199]<br /> <br /> Scientology also maintains the [[Trementina Base]] in [[New Mexico]], with similar bases located in [[Petrolia, California]], [[Crestline, California]]. [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/trementina-vault3.htm],<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas - where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists and celebrities stay.<br /> *&quot;BonnieView&quot; - the home for L. Ron Hubbard when he returns in his next life.<br /> *Staff berthing - four buildings where staff live.<br /> *CMO Int - [[Commodore's Messengers Organization International]]. CMO Int has the function of establishing and forcing to run all management units under Church of Scientology International (CSI)'s control.<br /> *OGH buildings - Old Gilman House. Probably used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *RTC building - where [[Religious Technology Center]] is headquartered.<br /> *Del Sol - auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Qual Gold - Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot;.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including a running track, basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake with a training ship (the &quot;Laissez-Faire&quot;), two beaches, and a golf course. [http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2]<br /> <br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> There is a prohibition on [[picketing]] Gold Base stemming from activist [[Keith Henson]]'s picketing in 2000.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} Although critics hold the provision is unconstitutional, it has not been challenged in recent years. Henson picketed the secretive and heavily-armed [http://lermanet.com/cos/andres.html] Gold Base compound over the unusual deaths of a Scientologist, Stacy Moxon Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], adverse counsel in many lawsuits involving Henson, died in a bizarre and gruesome accident in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base. In a horrific coincidence, when Stacy Moxon Meyer was dying underground in the electrical vault, picketers above ground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner in a ghastly decapitation which occurred at the Gold Base when Scientology was moving construction equipment on the highway at night without lights and in the wrong lane.[http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm]<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * [http://www.scientologytoday.org/corp/csi5.htm ScientologyToday: Golden Era Productions]<br /> *[http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=33.830819,-116.985984&amp;spn=0.016425,0.027968&amp;t=k&amp;hl=en Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]<br /> *[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Similar Satellite photograph with key to features]<br /> * [http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story?coll=la-home-headlines L.A. Times article discussing the Gold Base]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church_of_Spiritual_Technology&diff=133598302 Church of Spiritual Technology 2007-02-18T21:04:42Z <p>AndroidCat: /* Trademarks */</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Church of Spiritual Technology''' ('''CST''') was incorporated in the State of [[California]], [[USA]] in [[1982]].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.americanreligion.org/books/scientology.html&lt;/ref&gt; This [[non-profit]] organization owns all the [[copyright]]s of the estate of [[L. Ron Hubbard]]. The CST is [[doing business as]] '''L. Ron Hubbard Library'''. The CST is unusual in that it has no members or [[clergy]], which is allowed under California law. This church gets its income from [[Royalties|royalty]] fees paid to it by licensing of the copyrighted materials of [[Dianetics]] and [[Scientology]] to [[Scientology]]-connected organizations approved by the [[Religious Technology Center]], and from its wholly owned for-profit subsidiary [[Author Services Inc.]] which publishes and promotes Hubbard's fiction works.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.asirights.com/aboutasi.htm&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Religious Technology Center]] is the holder of the trademarks and service marks of Scientology and is safeguarding its application. CST is the holder of the [[copyrights]] and licenses their use. The [[Church of Scientology International]] is the organization providing management services to other Scientology Churches all over the world. <br /> <br /> [[Image:ChurchOfSpritualTechnologyLogo.svg|thumb|left|Logo of the Church of Spiritual Technology]]<br /> The CST oversees the Scientology scriptural archiving project, which aims to preserve the works of Hubbard on stainless steel tablets and encased in [[titanium]] capsules in specially constructed [[Vault (architecture)|vaults]] throughout the world. The most famous example is the [[Trementina Base]], an underground vault built into a mountainside near [[Trementina, New Mexico]]. It is marked by a CST logo visible only from a high altitude and was built in the late [[1980s]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/26/AR2005112601065.html WashingtonPost.com] - 'A Place in the Desert for New Mexico's Most Exclusive Circles', Richard Leiby, ''[[Washington Post]]'', p D01 (November 27, 2005)&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> For the first 21 years of its existence, few members of the [[Church of Scientology]] ever heard the name Church of Spiritual Technology. Its founders included [[Meade Emory]],&lt;ref&gt;http://www.law.washington.edu/Faculty/Emory/ &lt;/ref&gt; a non-Scientologist who used to work for the [[Internal Revenue Service]] but went into private practice as a tax lawyer. He was hired as a specialist for the complex Internal Revenue Codes. The Church of Scientology International and most Scientology organizations settled with the IRS about 11 years later when the service passed a resolution in 1993 declaring them tax-exempt. <br /> <br /> Unlike other Scientology organizations (which require all corporate officers to be Scientologists in good standing), the Church of Spiritual Technology includes &quot;Special Directors&quot; who are not required to be Scientologists, but who are required to be lawyers &quot;to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status&quot; (CST vs. IRS, US Claims Court No. 581-88T, June 29, 1992).&lt;ref&gt;http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Trademarks==<br /> [[The Way to Happiness]] and The Way to Happiness symbol are trademarks and services marks owned by the Church of Spiritual Technology, operating as the L. Ron Hubbard Library.<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> * [http://www.sc-i-r-s-ology.pair.com/ Sc-I-R-S-ology.pair.com] - 'Church of Spiritual Technology, a &quot;Church&quot; approved by the Department of the Treasury, Owns and Controls all Scientology' (critical website)<br /> * [http://freezone.najbjerg.info/church-of-spiritual-technology najbjerg.info] - Church of Spiritual Technology, an organization approved by Hubbard (website with documents)<br /> * [http://www.angelfire.com/blog/suleiman2/cst_vs_irs_1992.html CST vs. IRS 1992] &quot;The Articles of Incorporation require that CST have three such Special Directors, and further requires that they be lawyers in order to ensure that CST takes no action to jeopardize its tax-exempt status. The General Directors and staff of CST are, however, closely linked to other Scientology organizations. The General Directors (the governing body) must be in good standing with the mother church. Staff members are required to be members of the Sea Org. Trustees of the organization are required to have been Scientologists for at least eight years, and must be highly trained in the teachings and technology of Scientology. CST trustees are also required to remain actively involved in giving and receiving Scientology services. They must also participate in at least twelve and one half hours of training per week.&quot;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> * [http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefsspiritualtech.htm About.com] Definition of Church of Spiritual Technology (CST)<br /> <br /> [[Category:1982 establishments]]<br /> [[Category:Intellectual property law]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133591991 Scientology Int. Base 2007-02-18T20:57:48Z <p>AndroidCat: rv missed bit of junk edit</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is a 500 acre parcel and the headquarters of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media division of the [[Church of Scientology]], located at 19625 [[California State Route 79|Highway 79]], [[Gilman Hot Springs, California]] 92583, near [[Hemet, California|Hemet]]. Part of the Base borders [[U.S. Department of Defense]] property.<br /> <br /> ==About the Base==<br /> Gold Base produces the [[E-Meter]]s the [[Church of Scientology]] uses and sells to practitioners. It has film and sound facilities and produces the films used in and sold by the Church. It is staffed by members of the [[Sea Organization]] from the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and Golden Era Productions. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live on the Base. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;.<br /> <br /> While the Gold Base is purportedly an administrative and security headquarters for a religious organization, [http://www.keithhenson.org/unfair.htm] [http://ocmb.xenu.net/ocmb/viewtopic.php?t=15199] the walls around this base have an inwardly directed &quot;ultra-barrier&quot; made up of sheetmetal knife-like projections. There has been much speculation about this, since the function of inwardly-directed barriers is to keep people in, rather than keeping people out. There are also motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras. Former Scientology security officer [[Andre Tabayoyon]] has testified in court that the Gold Base is illegally stockpiling weapons and ammunition. [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/andre2.html] His wife also swore in her affidavit that Sea Org women were forced to have abortions against their will [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/abortion.html].<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Rebecca Perry | title = Scientology's inland empire | journal = Los Angeles Times | date = December 17, 2005 | url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf | format = [[PDF]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Arnaldo Lerma]] has published lists of names of all Gold Base staff, and it has been the subject of speculation why 70 percent of them are women. [http://ocmb.xenu.net/ocmb/viewtopic.php?t=15199]<br /> <br /> Scientology also maintains the [[Trementina Base]] in [[New Mexico]], with similar bases located in [[Petrolia, California]], [[Crestline, California]]. [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/trementina-vault3.htm],<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas - where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists and celebrities stay.<br /> *&quot;BonnieView&quot; - the home for L. Ron Hubbard when he returns in his next life.<br /> *Staff berthing - four buildings where staff live.<br /> *CMO Int - [[Commodore's Messengers Organization International]]. CMO Int has the function of establishing and forcing to run all management units under Church of Scientology International (CSI)'s control.<br /> *OGH buildings - Old Gilman House. Probably used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *RTC building - where [[Religious Technology Center]] is headquartered.<br /> *Del Sol - auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Qual Gold - Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot;.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including a running track, basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake with a training ship (the &quot;Laissez-Faire&quot;), two beaches, and a golf course. [http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2]<br /> <br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> There is a prohibition on [[picketing]] Gold Base stemming from activist [[Keith Henson]]'s picketing in 2000.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} Although critics hold the provision is unconstitutional, it has not been challenged in recent years. Henson picketed the secretive and heavily-armed [http://lermanet.com/cos/andres.html] Gold Base compound over the unusual deaths of a Scientologist, Stacy Moxon Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], adverse counsel in many lawsuits involving Henson, died in a bizarre and gruesome accident in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base. In a horrific coincidence, when Stacy Moxon Meyer was dying underground in the electrical vault, picketers above ground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner in a ghastly decapitation which occurred at the Gold Base when Scientology was moving construction equipment on the highway at night without lights and in the wrong lane.[http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm]<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * [http://www.scientologytoday.org/corp/csi5.htm ScientologyToday: Golden Era Productions]<br /> *[http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=33.830819,-116.985984&amp;spn=0.016425,0.027968&amp;t=k&amp;hl=en Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]<br /> *[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Similar Satellite photograph with key to features]<br /> * [http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story?coll=la-home-headlines L.A. Times article discussing the Gold Base]<br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133591987 Scientology Int. Base 2007-02-10T05:23:21Z <p>AndroidCat: /* Picketing at Gold Base */ I&#039;m not sure if it exists. A verbal claim was made to Graham Berry in 2002, but no document produced.</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is a 500 acre parcel and the headquarters of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media division of the [[Church of Scientology]], located at 19625 [[California State Route 79|Highway 79]], [[Gilman Hot Springs, California]] 92583, near [[Hemet, California|Hemet]]. Part of the Base borders [[U.S. Department of Defense]] property.<br /> <br /> ==About the Base==<br /> Gold Base produces the [[E-Meter]]s the [[Church of Scientology]] uses and sells to practitioners. It has film and sound facilities and produces the films used in and sold by the Church. It is staffed by members of the [[Sea Organization]] from the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and Golden Era Productions. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live on the Base. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;.<br /> <br /> While the Gold Base is purportedly an administrative and security headquarters for a religious organization, [http://www.keithhenson.org/unfair.htm] [http://ocmb.xenu.net/ocmb/viewtopic.php?t=15199] the walls around this base have an inwardly directed &quot;ultra-barrier&quot; made up of sheetmetal knife-like projections. There has been much speculation about this, since the function of inwardly-directed barriers is to keep people in, rather than keeping people out. There are also motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras. Former Scientology security officer [[Andre Tabayoyon]] has testified in court that the Gold Base is illegally stockpiling weapons and ammunition. [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/andre2.html] His wife also swore in her affidavit that Sea Org women were forced to have abortions against their will [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/abortion.html].<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Rebecca Perry | title = Scientology's inland empire | journal = Los Angeles Times | date = December 17, 2005 | url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf | format = [[PDF]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Arnaldo Lerma]] has published lists of names of all Gold Base staff, and it has been the subject of speculation why 70 percent of them are women. [http://ocmb.xenu.net/ocmb/viewtopic.php?t=15199]<br /> <br /> Scientology also maintains the [[Trementina Base]] in [[New Mexico]], with similar bases located in [[Petrolia, California]], [[Crestline, California]]. [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/trementina-vault3.htm],<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas - where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists and celebrities stay.<br /> *&quot;BonnieView&quot; - the home for L. Ron Hubbard when he returns in his next life.<br /> *Staff berthing - four buildings where staff live.<br /> *CMO Int - [[Commodore's Messengers Organization International]]. CMO Int has the function of establishing and forcing to run all management units under Church of Scientology International (CSI)'s control.<br /> *OGH buildings - Old Gilman House. Probably used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *RTC building - where [[Religious Technology Center]] is headquartered.<br /> *Del Sol - auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Qual Gold - Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot;.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including a running track, basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake with a training ship (the &quot;Laissez-Faire&quot;), two beaches, and a golf course. [http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2]<br /> <br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> There is a prohibition on [[picketing]] Gold Base stemming from activist [[Keith Henson]]'s picketing in 2000.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} Although critics hold the provision is unconstitutional, it has not been challenged in recent years. Henson picketed the secretive and heavily-armed [http://lermanet.com/cos/andres.html] Gold Base compound over the unusual deaths of a Scientologist, Stacy Moxon Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], adverse counsel in many lawsuits involving Henson, died in a bizarre and gruesome accident in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base. In a horrific coincidence, when Stacy Moxon Meyer was dying underground in the electrical vault, picketers above ground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner in a ghastly decapitation which occurred at the Gold Base when Scientology was moving construction equipment on the highway at night without lights and in the wrong lane.[http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm]<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * [http://www.scientologytoday.org/corp/csi5.htm ScientologyToday: Golden Era Productions]<br /> *[http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=33.830819,-116.985984&amp;spn=0.016425,0.027968&amp;t=k&amp;hl=en Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]<br /> *[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Similar Satellite photograph with key to features]<br /> * [http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story?coll=la-home-headlines L.A. Times article discussing the Gold Base]<br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quentin_Hubbard&diff=132759933 Quentin Hubbard 2007-01-04T16:23:10Z <p>AndroidCat: /* External links */ Needs cite that he left Scientology before his death</p> <hr /> <div>{{Infobox Celebrity<br /> | name = Quentin Hubbard<br /> | bgcolour = #f0de31<br /> | image = Quentin Hubbard.gif<br /> | imagesize = 150px<br /> | caption = Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard<br /> | birth_date = [[January 6]], [[1954]] <br /> | birth_place = [[United States]]<br /> | death_date = [[November 12]], [[1976]]<br /> | death_place = [[Las Vegas, Nevada]], [[United States]]<br /> | occupation = <br /> | salary = <br /> | networth = <br /> | spouse =<br /> | children = <br /> | website =<br /> | footnotes = <br /> }}<br /> <br /> {{ScientologySeries}}<br /> '''Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard''' ([[6 January]][[1954]] – [[12 November]][[1976]]), was the son of [[L. Ron Hubbard]], the founder of the [[Church of Scientology]]. His father had groomed his son to take over the organization for him, but Quentin's personality was ill-suited for being the leader of an international [[religious denomination]]. Personally he wanted little to do with [[Scientology]]. Quentin was discovered by police October 28, 1976, unconscious from an apparent [[suicide]] attempt, and died two weeks later without having regained consciousness.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Miller, Russell | title=[[Bare-faced Messiah]], The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard | publisher=Henry Holt &amp; Co | location=New York | edition=First American Edition | year=1987 | id=ISBN 0-8050-0654-0 |url=http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/bfm/bfmconte.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;!-- 344 --&gt;<br /> <br /> ==Life==<br /> Geoffrey Quentin McCaully Hubbard was born on January 6, 1954 as the son of L. Ron Hubbard and [[Mary Sue Hubbard]]. Quentin wanted to be a [[Aviator|pilot]], but his father insisted he dedicate himself to the Church and rise through its hierarchy. <br /> <br /> However, Quentin was reluctant to take control over such an organization and had little interest in Scientology. Sources close to him have asserted that his [[homosexuality]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://members.chello.nl/mgormez/books/a_piece_of_blue_sky/bs4-6.htm A piece of Blue Sky], by Jon Atack, Chapter 6&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/books/bfm/interviews/kima.htm Interview with Kima Douglas], Oakland, California, 27 August 1986&lt;/ref&gt; caused him a great deal of personal torment due to the [[homophobia]] of the era and his father's creation of a new religion that [[homosexuality and Scientology|officially categorized homosexuals]] as &quot;sexual pervert[s]&quot; and &quot;quite ill physically&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;DMSMH85&quot;&gt;{{cite book | last = Hubbard | first = L. Ron | authorlink = L. Ron Hubbard | title = Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health | edition = 1985 edition | year = 1985 | month = | publisher = [[Bridge Publications]] | location = Los Angeles, CA | id = ISBN 0-88404-219-7 | pages = 140 | chapter = Part 2, Chapter 5 | quote = The sexual pervert (and by this term Dianetics, to be brief, includes any and all forms of deviation in dynamic two such as homosexuality, lesbianism, sexual sadism, etc., and all down the catalog of Ellis and Krafft-Ebing) is actually quite ill physically.}}&lt;/ref&gt; His unrealized dream was to become an airplane pilot.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 303 --&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hanna.htm Hana Eltringham Whitfield Remembers Quentin]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;<br /> [http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/pignotti.htm Monica Pignotti Remembers Quentin]&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> == Death ==<br /> Quentin's severe depression led to his first suicide attempt in [[1974]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 325-6 --&gt; but he never received any mental health services, as Scientologists feel that mental health professionals use drugs in order to enslave the human race. In [[1976]], he disappeared from his home in [[Clearwater, Florida]] and he was later found in a car in [[Las Vegas]]. It is believed that he committed suicide in his car through carbon monoxide poisoning, although his toxic screen came back negative for drugs and [[carbon monoxide]] in his body. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/aff_hw94a.html Affidavit of Hana Whitfield], April 4, 1994&lt;/ref&gt; His wallet was gone, and the license plate of the car was missing and found under a rock some distance away. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/krasel/rvy.htm Affidavit of Robert Vaughn Young], April 4, 1994&lt;/ref&gt; A former Scientologist later stated that, under the GO's instructions, he and another Scientologist had illegally removed Quentin's medical records from the hospital where he had died, over concern that they contained evidence of a homosexual encounter shortly before his death.&lt;ref name=&quot;Miller&quot; /&gt;&lt;!-- 345-6 --&gt;<br /> <br /> == Controversy ==<br /> Some have suggested that Quentin was murdered by Scientologists because he was gay and was planning to leave the Church to go to flight training school.<br /> [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/quentin-coronor.htm] [http://www.whyaretheydead.net/Quentin_Hubbard_22/]<br /> [http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/pignotti/].<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://www.lermanet.com/exit/quentincoroner.htm Coroner's Report and Death Certificate]<br /> * [http://www.scientology-kills.org/personal_pgs/hubbard_q/hubbard.htm Tribute to Quentin]<br /> * [http://www.whyaretheydead.net/Quentin_Hubbard_22/index.html Scientology associated deaths]<br /> <br /> [[Category:1954 births|Hubbard, Quentin]]<br /> [[Category:1976 deaths|Hubbard, Quentin]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology controversy|Hubbard, Quentin]]</div> AndroidCat https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scientology_Int._Base&diff=133591986 Scientology Int. Base 2006-12-24T22:06:33Z <p>AndroidCat: rv restoring text, address, DM&#039;s quarters...</p> <hr /> <div>{{ScientologySeries}}<br /> The '''Gold Base''' is a 500 acre parcel and the headquarters of [[Golden Era Productions]], the media division of the [[Church of Scientology]], located at 19625 [[California State Route 79|Highway 79]], [[Gilman Hot Springs, California]] 92583, near [[Hemet, California|Hemet]]. Part of the Base borders [[U.S. Department of Defense]] property.<br /> <br /> ==About the Base==<br /> Gold Base produces the [[E-Meter]]s the [[Church of Scientology]] uses and sells to practitioners. It has film and sound facilities and produces the films used in and sold by the Church. It is staffed by members of the [[Sea Organization]] from the [[Religious Technology Center]], the [[Commodore's Messenger Organization]] International and Golden Era Productions. [[David Miscavige]] and other top leaders of the church live on the Base. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.xenu.net/archive/go/quill.htm Scientology from inside out]&quot; by [[Robert Vaughn Young]], Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story &quot;Tom Cruise and Scientology&quot;], Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005: &quot;voter registration records list the Gilman Hot Springs complex as Miscavige's residence since the early 1990s and as recently as the 2004 general election&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/story/9363363/inside_scientology Inside Scientology]&quot; by Janet Reitman. [[Rolling Stone]], Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Pages 55 - 67.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> The Gold Base is also referred to as the &quot;Int Base&quot;.<br /> <br /> While the Gold Base is purportedly an administrative and security headquarters for a religious organization, [http://www.keithhenson.org/unfair.htm] [http://ocmb.xenu.net/ocmb/viewtopic.php?t=15199] the walls around this base have an inwardly directed &quot;ultra-barrier&quot; made up of sheetmetal knife-like projections. There has been much speculation about this, since the function of inwardly-directed barriers is to keep people in, rather than keeping people out. There are also motion sensors every several feet and mounted video surveillance cameras. Former Scientology security officer [[Andre Tabayoyon]] has testified in court that the Gold Base is illegally stockpiling weapons and ammunition. [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/andre2.html] His wife also swore in her affidavit that Sea Org women were forced to have abortions against their will [http://www.xs4all.nl/~kspaink/cos/mpoulter/worst/abortion.html].<br /> <br /> Currently, most base personnel live in Hemet at the Vista Gardens Apartments or the Kirby Apartments and commute by base-owned bus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Rebecca Perry | title = Scientology's inland empire | journal = Los Angeles Times | date = December 17, 2005 | url = http://www.latimes.com/media/acrobat/2005-12/21006726.pdf | format = [[PDF]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | author = Staff | title = After spending half of her life in Scientology, she found truth &amp; freedom in Jesus Christ | journal = Baptist Press | date = August 16, 2005 | url = http://www.bpnews.net/bpnews.asp?id=21407 }}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Arnaldo Lerma]] has published lists of names of all Gold Base staff, and it has been the subject of speculation why 70 percent of them are women. [http://ocmb.xenu.net/ocmb/viewtopic.php?t=15199]<br /> <br /> Scientology also maintains the [[Trementina Base]] in [[New Mexico]], with similar bases located in [[Petrolia, California]], [[Crestline, California]]. [http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/trementina-vault3.htm],<br /> <br /> ==Features==<br /> Notable buildings and features in Gold Base include:<br /> *Upper Villas - where David Miscavige and other high level Scientologists and celebrities stay.<br /> *&quot;BonnieView&quot; - the home for L. Ron Hubbard when he returns in his next life.<br /> *Staff berthing - four buildings where staff live.<br /> *CMO Int - [[Commodore's Messengers Organization International]]. CMO Int has the function of establishing and forcing to run all management units under Church of Scientology International (CSI)'s control.<br /> *OGH buildings - Old Gilman House. Probably used for [[auditing (Scientology)|auditing]] or solo auditing.<br /> *RTC building - where [[Religious Technology Center]] is headquartered.<br /> *Del Sol - auditing rooms for staff.<br /> *Qual Gold - Headquarters for Qual Sec, in charge of &quot;quality control&quot;.<br /> <br /> Gold Base also has recreational facilities, including a running track, basketball, volleyball, and soccer facilities, an exercise building, a waterslide, a small lake with a training ship (the &quot;Laissez-Faire&quot;), two beaches, and a golf course. [http://alley.ethercat.com/cgi-bin/xint/xint.cgi?2]<br /> <br /> ==Picketing at Gold Base==<br /> <br /> There is a prohibition on [[picketing]] Gold Base stemming from activist [[Keith Henson]]'s picketing in 2000. Although critics hold the provision is unconstitutional, it has not been challenged in recent years. Henson picketed the secretive and heavily-armed [http://lermanet.com/cos/andres.html] Gold Base compound over the unusual deaths of a Scientologist, Stacy Moxon Meyer, and a non-Scientologist, Ashlee Shaner.<br /> <br /> Meyer, the daughter of Scientology attorney [[Moxon &amp; Kobrin|Kendrick Moxon]], adverse counsel in many lawsuits involving Henson, died in a bizarre and gruesome accident in an underground electrical vault at the Gold Base. In a horrific coincidence, when Stacy Moxon Meyer was dying underground in the electrical vault, picketers above ground were protesting the previous death of Ashlee Shaner in a ghastly decapitation which occurred at the Gold Base when Scientology was moving construction equipment on the highway at night without lights and in the wrong lane.[http://www.holysmoke.org/cos/shanner-nove.htm]<br /> <br /> ==Notes==<br /> &lt;references/&gt;<br /> <br /> == External links ==<br /> <br /> * [http://www.scientologytoday.org/corp/csi5.htm ScientologyToday: Golden Era Productions]<br /> *[http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=33.830819,-116.985984&amp;spn=0.016425,0.027968&amp;t=k&amp;hl=en Satellite photograph of &quot;Gold base&quot;, Gilman Hot Springs, California]<br /> *[http://www.lermanet.com/image/hemet-labeled.jpg Similar Satellite photograph with key to features]<br /> * [http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-scientology18dec18,0,2963052.story?coll=la-home-headlines L.A. Times article discussing the Gold Base]<br /> [[Category:Riverside County, California]]<br /> [[Category:Scientology organizations]]</div> AndroidCat