Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Annie Davies

2019-03-20T13:06:12Z

80.3.192.129: /* Personal life */

{{one source|date=May 2017}}
'''Annie Davies''' (1910 - 1970) was a Welsh radio and television producer. Her parents were David and Elizabeth Davies, who lived in the [[Tregaron]] area. She attended schools in Castell Fflemish and [[Tregaron]], before studying for a degree at [[Aberystwyth University|U.C.W. Aberystwyth]], from where she graduated in History and Latin in 1933.

She first joined the staff of the BBC in 1935 (as secretary to Sam Jones), leaving her position with [[Cardiff]] City Library. In 1946 she left the BBC and took up a position with Urdd Gobaith Cymru, where she remained until returning to BBC Bangor as Producer of Radio Talks in 1949, before moving to the BBC's [[Cardiff]] headquarters in 1955. There she worked as Programme Editor the literary radio programme 'Llafar', produced (and later edited) the television programme 'Heddiw' (the first television programme to discuss national and international matters in Welsh), and was responsible for the production of programmes such as ‘Shepherd's calendar’, 'Nant dialedd’, ‘ Prynhawn o Fai’, and ‘Bugail Cwm Prysor’.

She continued to work for the BBC until her retirement in 1969, when she returned to [[Tregaron]].

== Personal life ==
In May 1970, Davies died in Singleton Hospital, [[Swansea]]. Davies was buried in the graveyard of Bwlchgwynt chapel, [[Tregaron]].
<ref>{{cite web|title=Annie Davies|url=http://yba.llgc.org.uk/en/s2-DAVI-ANN-1910.html|website=Dictionary of Welsh Biography|publisher=National Library of Wales|last=Edwards|first=Owen|accessdate=27 December 2016}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Davies, Annie}}
[[Category:Welsh historians]]
[[Category:20th-century Welsh people]]
[[Category:1910 births]]
[[Category:1970 deaths]]
[[Category:Welsh radio personalities]]
[[Category:Welsh television producers]]
{{wales-bio-stub}}

Ann Griffiths

2019-03-20T12:38:17Z

80.3.192.129: /* Further reading */

{{Use British English|date=October 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2012}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2016}}
[[File:Ann Griffiths walk memorial - geograph.org.uk - 1574268.jpg|thumb|Remembered in [[Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa]]]]
'''Ann Griffiths''' (née '''Thomas''', 1776–1805) was a [[Welsh poetry|Welsh poet]] and writer of [[Methodism|Methodist]] Christian hymns. Her poetry reflects fervent evangelical Christian faith and thorough scriptural knowledge.<ref>James E. Wyn: ''Introduction to the Life and Work of Ann Griffiths'' [http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/introduction.html Retrieved 29 January 2018.]</ref>

==Biography==
[[File:A letter in the hand of Ann Griffiths (1776-1805) NLW3365236.jpg|thumb|A letter in the hand of Ann Griffiths]]
Ann was born in April 1776 near the village of [[Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa]], {{convert|6|mi|spell=in|0}} from the market town of [[Llanfyllin]] in the former county of [[Montgomeryshire]] (now in [[Powys]]). She was the daughter of John Evan Thomas, a tenant farmer and churchwarden, and his wife, Jane. She had two older sisters, an older brother, John, and a younger brother, Edward. Her parents' house, Dolwar Fechan, was an isolated farmhouse some {{convert|2+1/2|mi|spell=in|0}} south of Llanfihangel and {{convert|1|mi|spell=in}} north of Dolanog, set among hills and streams.

Not far away lay [[St Melangell's Church, Pennant Melangell|Pennant Melangell]], where Saint [[Melangell]] had lived as a hermit in the 6th century.<ref>''[[Archaeologia Cambrensis]]'', Journal of the Cambrian Archaeological Association, Vol. III, 6th Series, London, 1903.</ref>

Ann was brought up in the Anglican church. In 1794, her mother died when she was 18, and about that time or perhaps earlier she followed her brothers John and Edward in being drawn to the Methodists. In 1796 she joined the [[Calvinistic Methodism|Calvinistic Methodist]] movement after hearing the preaching of Benjamin Jones of [[Pwllheli]].

After the deaths of both her parents, she married Thomas Griffiths, a farmer from the parish of [[Meifod]] and an elder of the Calvinistic Methodist church. However, she died after childbirth in August 1805, at the age of 29, and was buried on 12 August 1805 at Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa.

Ann Griffiths left a handful of stanzas in the [[Welsh language]]. These were preserved and published by her mentor, the Calvinistic Methodist minister, John Hughes of [[Pontrobert]], and his wife, Ruth, who had been a maid at Ann Griffiths' farm and was a close confidante.

==Poetry==
Ann's poems express her fervent evangelical Christian faith and reflect her incisive intellect and thorough scriptural knowledge. She is the most prominent female hymnist in Welsh. Her work is regarded as a highlight of [[Literature of Wales (Welsh language)|Welsh literature]], and her longest poem ''{{lang|cy|Rhyfedd, rhyfedd gan angylion...}}'' (Wondrous, wondrous to angels...)<ref>{{cite web |last1=James |first1=E. Wyn |title=Introduction to the life and work of Ann Griffiths |url=http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/introduction.html |website=gwefan Ann Griffiths website |publisher=Cardiff University |accessdate=26 April 2017}}</ref> was described by the dramatist and literary critic [[Saunders Lewis]] as "one of the majestic songs in the religious poetry of Europe".

Her hymn ''Wele'n sefyll rhwng y myrtwydd'' is commonly sung in Wales to the tune [[Cwm Rhondda]].

The service of enthronement of [[Rowan Williams]] as Archbishop of Canterbury in February 2003 included Williams' own translation of one of her hymns: "Yr Arglwydd Iesu" ("The Lord Jesus").

==Legacy==
Together with [[Mary Jones and her Bible|Mary Jones]] (1784–1864), a poor Welsh girl who walked to Bala to buy a Bible, Ann Griffiths became a national icon by the end of the 19th century, and was a significant figure in Welsh [[nonconformism]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=James |first1=E. Wyn |title=Bala and the Bible: Thomas Charles, Ann Griffiths and Mary Jones |url=http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/bible.html |publisher=Cardiff University}}</ref>

The Ann Griffiths Memorial Chapel in [[Dolanog]], Powys, is named in her honour,<ref>{{cite web |title=Ann Griffiths Memorial Chapel, Dolanog |url=http://www.living-stones.info/en/attraction.php?image_id=13 |website=Living Stones |accessdate=11 March 2019}}</ref> and has a carved corbel head based on contemporary descriptions of her. There are stained glass windows in her memory in Eglwys y Crwys Welsh Presbyterian Church, Cathays, Cardiff, in the [[Williams Pantycelyn Memorial Chapel, Llandovery|Williams Pantycelyn Memorial Chapel]] in Llandovery, and in the Ceiriog Memorial Institute in [[Glyn Ceiriog]].

[[File:Ann!, album cover.jpg|thumb|Album cover of the musical ''Ann!'']]
The television channel [[S4C]] commissioned ''Ann!'', a musical based on Ann Griffiths' life, to be performed at the 2003 [[National Eisteddfod]] at Meifod. This was later televised and released on CD.<ref>{{cite web |title=Maldwyn Theatre Company – Ann! |url=http://www.sainwales.com/store/sain/sain-scd-2446 |website=[[Sain]] |accessdate=1 July 2017}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*A. Griffiths, ''Cofio Ann Griffiths'', ed. G. M. Roberts (1965)
*[[A. M. Allchin]], ''Ann Griffiths'', Writers of Wales series (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1976)
*E. Wyn James, "Cushions, Copy-books and Computers: Ann Griffiths (1776–1805), Her Hymns and Letters and Their Transmission", ''Bulletin of the John Rylands Library'', 90:2 (Autumn 2014), pp. 163–183. ISSN 2054-9318
*H. A. Hodges (ed. E. Wyn James), ''Flame in the Mountains: Williams Pantycelyn, Ann Griffiths and the Welsh Hymn'' (Tal-y-bont: Y Lolfa, 2017), 320 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-78461-454-6}}. This volume includes the texts of Ann Griffiths' hymns in the original Welsh with translations of her hymns and letters into English.
*E. Wyn James, [https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/local-news/western-mail-letters-tuesday-january-15644101 'Remember these Welsh heroines' (letter),] ''Western Mail'', 8 January 2019
*E. Wyn James, "Popular Poetry, Methodism, and the Ascendancy of the Hymn". In: ''The Cambridge History of Welsh Literature'', ed. Geraint Evans & Helen Fulton (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019).

The standard edition of her hymns and letters is E. Wyn James (ed.), ''Rhyfeddaf fyth . . .'' (Gwasg Gregynog, 1998).

==External links==
{{Wikisourcelang|cy|Categori:Ann Griffiths|Ann Griffiths}}
*[http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk Ann Griffiths Website]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Griffiths, Ann}}
[[Category:Deaths in childbirth]]
[[Category:Welsh women writers]]
[[Category:Welsh-language writers]]
[[Category:Welsh-language poets]]
[[Category:Welsh Methodist hymnwriters]]
[[Category:Welsh women poets]]
[[Category:1776 births]]
[[Category:1805 deaths]]
[[Category:Converts to Methodism from Anglicanism]]
[[Category:Welsh Methodists]]
[[Category:Women religious writers]]
[[Category:Women hymnwriters]]

Ann Griffiths

2019-02-11T09:35:06Z

80.3.192.129:

{{Use British English|date=October 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2012}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2016}}
[[File:Ann Griffiths walk memorial - geograph.org.uk - 1574268.jpg|thumb|Remembered in [[Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa]]]]
'''Ann Griffiths''' (née '''Thomas''', 1776–1805) was a [[Welsh poetry|Welsh poet]] and writer of [[Methodism|Methodist]] Christian hymns. Her poetry expresses a fervent evangelical Christian faith and reflects thorough scriptural knowledge.<ref>James, E. Wyn: Introduction to the life and work of Ann Griffiths [http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/introduction.html Retrieved 29 January 2018.]</ref>

==Biography==
[[File:A letter in the hand of Ann Griffiths (1776-1805) NLW3365236.jpg|thumb|A letter in the hand of Ann Griffiths]]
Ann was born in April 1776 near the village of [[Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa]], {{convert|6|mi|spell=in|0}} from the market town of [[Llanfyllin]] (in the former county of [[Montgomeryshire]]) in [[Powys]]. She was the daughter of John Evan Thomas, a tenant farmer and churchwarden, and his wife, Jane. She had two older sisters, an older brother, John, and a younger brother, Edward. Her parents' house, Dolwar Fechan, was an isolated farm-house some {{convert|2+1/2|mi|spell=in|0}} south of Llanfihangel and {{convert|1|mi|spell=in}} north of Dolanog, set among hills and streams.

Not far away lay [[St Melangell's Church, Pennant Melangell|Pennant Melangell]], where Saint [[Melangell]] had lived as a hermit in the 6th century.<ref>''[[Archaeologia Cambrensis]]'', Journal of the Cambrian Archaeological Association, Vol. III, 6th Series, London, 1903.</ref>

Ann was brought up in the Anglican church; but in 1794, when she was 18, her mother died, and about this time or perhaps earlier she followed her brothers John and Edward in becoming drawn to the Methodist movement. In 1796 she joined the [[Calvinistic Methodism|Calvinistic Methodist]] movement after hearing the preaching of Benjamin Jones of [[Pwllheli]].

After the deaths of both her parents she married Thomas Griffiths, a farmer from the parish of [[Meifod]] and an elder of the Calvinistic Methodist church.

In August 1805 she died following childbirth aged 29 and was buried on 12 August 1805 at Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa.

She left behind a handful of stanzas in the [[Welsh language]]. These were preserved and published by her mentor, the [[Calvinism|Calvinistic]] Methodist minister, John Hughes of [[Pontrobert]], and his wife, Ruth, who had been a maid at Ann Griffiths' farm and was a close confidante.

Together with [[Mary Jones and her Bible|Mary Jones]] (1784–1864), a poor Welsh girl who walked to Bala to buy a Bible, Ann Griffiths became a national icon by the end of the 19th century, and was a significant figure in Welsh [[nonconformism]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=James|first1=E. Wyn|title=Bala and the Bible: Thomas Charles, Ann Griffiths and Mary Jones|url=http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/bible.html|publisher=Cardiff University}}</ref>

In addition to the carved corbel head based on contemporary descriptions of Ann Griffiths which is in the Ann Griffiths Memorial Chapel in Dolanog, there are stained glass windows in her memory in the Crwys Welsh Presbyterian Chapel, Richmond Road, Cardiff; in the Williams Pantycelyn Memorial Chapel in Llandovery; and in the Ceiriog Memorial Institute in Glyn Ceiriog.

==Poetry==
Ann's poems are an expression of her fervent evangelical Christian faith, and reflect her incisive intellect and thorough scriptural knowledge. She is the most prominent female hymn-writer in Welsh. Her work is regarded as a highlight of [[Literature of Wales (Welsh language)|Welsh literature]], and her longest poem ''{{lang|cy|Rhyfedd, rhyfedd gan angylion...}}'' (Wondrous, wondrous to angels...)<ref>{{cite web|last1=James|first1=E. Wyn|title=Introduction to the life and work of Ann Griffiths|url=http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/introduction.html|website=gwefan Ann Griffiths website|publisher=Cardiff University|accessdate=26 April 2017}}</ref> was described by the dramatist and literary critic [[Saunders Lewis]] as "one of the majestic songs in the religious poetry of Europe".

Her hymn ''Wele'n sefyll rhwng y myrtwydd'' is commonly sung in Wales to the tune [[Cwm Rhondda]].

The service of enthronement of [[Rowan Williams]] as Archbishop of Canterbury in February 2003 included Rowan's own translation of one of her hymns: "Yr Arglwydd Iesu" ("The Lord Jesus").

==Musical==
[[File:Ann!, album cover.jpg|thumb|Album cover of the musical ''Ann!'']]
The television channel [[S4C]] commissioned ''Ann!'', a musical based on the life of Ann Griffiths, to be performed at the 2003 [[National Eisteddfod]] at Meifod. The performance was subsequently televised and a CD was released.<ref>{{cite web|title=Maldwyn Theatre Company - Ann!|url=http://www.sainwales.com/store/sain/sain-scd-2446|website=[[Sain]]|accessdate=1 July 2017}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*A. Griffiths, ''Cofio Ann Griffiths'', ed. G. M. Roberts (1965)
*[[A. M. Allchin]], ''Ann Griffiths'', Writers of Wales series (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1976)
*E. Wyn James, ‘Cushions, Copy-books and Computers: Ann Griffiths (1776–1805), Her Hymns and Letters and Their Transmission’, ''Bulletin of the John Rylands Library'', 90:2 (Autumn 2014), 163-83. ISSN 2054-9318.
*H. A. Hodges (ed. E. Wyn James), ''Flame in the Mountains: Williams Pantycelyn, Ann Griffiths and the Welsh Hymn'' (Tal-y-bont: Y Lolfa, 2017), 320 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-78461-454-6}}. This volume includes the text of Ann Griffiths' hymns in the original Welsh together with translations of her hymns and letters into English.
* E. Wyn James, [https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/local-news/western-mail-letters-tuesday-january-15644101 'Remember these Welsh heroines' (letter),] ''Western Mail'', 8 January 2019

The standard edition of her hymns and letters is E. Wyn James (ed.), ''Rhyfeddaf fyth . . .'' (Gwasg Gregynog, 1998).

==External links==
{{Wikisourcelang|cy|Categori:Ann Griffiths|Ann Griffiths}}
*[http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk Ann Griffiths Website]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Griffiths, Ann}}
[[Category:Deaths in childbirth]]
[[Category:Welsh women writers]]
[[Category:Welsh-language writers]]
[[Category:Welsh-language poets]]
[[Category:Welsh Methodist hymnwriters]]
[[Category:Welsh women poets]]
[[Category:1776 births]]
[[Category:1805 deaths]]
[[Category:Converts to Methodism from Anglicanism]]
[[Category:Welsh Methodists]]
[[Category:Women religious writers]]
[[Category:Women hymnwriters]]

Ann Griffiths

2019-02-11T09:33:08Z

80.3.192.129: /* Biography */

{{Use British English|date=October 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2012}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2016}}
[[File:Ann Griffiths walk memorial - geograph.org.uk - 1574268.jpg|thumb|Remembered in [[Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa]]]]
'''Ann Griffiths''' (née '''Thomas''', 1776–1805) was a [[Welsh poetry|Welsh poet]] and writer of [[Methodism|Methodist]] Christian hymns. Her poetry expresses a fervent evangelical Christian faith and reflects thorough scriptural knowledge.<ref>James Wyn: Introduction to the life and work of Ann Griffiths [http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/introduction.html Retrieved 29 January 2018.]</ref>

==Biography==
[[File:A letter in the hand of Ann Griffiths (1776-1805) NLW3365236.jpg|thumb|A letter in the hand of Ann Griffiths]]
Ann was born in April 1776 near the village of [[Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa]], {{convert|6|mi|spell=in|0}} from the market town of [[Llanfyllin]] (in the former county of [[Montgomeryshire]]) in [[Powys]]. She was the daughter of John Evan Thomas, a tenant farmer and churchwarden, and his wife, Jane. She had two older sisters, an older brother, John, and a younger brother, Edward. Her parents' house, Dolwar Fechan, was an isolated farm-house some {{convert|2+1/2|mi|spell=in|0}} south of Llanfihangel and {{convert|1|mi|spell=in}} north of Dolanog, set among hills and streams.

Not far away lay [[St Melangell's Church, Pennant Melangell|Pennant Melangell]], where Saint [[Melangell]] had lived as a hermit in the 6th century.<ref>''[[Archaeologia Cambrensis]]'', Journal of the Cambrian Archaeological Association, Vol. III, 6th Series, London, 1903.</ref>

Ann was brought up in the Anglican church; but in 1794, when she was 18, her mother died, and about this time or perhaps earlier she followed her brothers John and Edward in becoming drawn to the Methodist movement. In 1796 she joined the [[Calvinistic Methodism|Calvinistic Methodist]] movement after hearing the preaching of Benjamin Jones of [[Pwllheli]].

After the deaths of both her parents she married Thomas Griffiths, a farmer from the parish of [[Meifod]] and an elder of the Calvinistic Methodist church.

In August 1805 she died following childbirth aged 29 and was buried on 12 August 1805 at Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa.

She left behind a handful of stanzas in the [[Welsh language]]. These were preserved and published by her mentor, the [[Calvinism|Calvinistic]] Methodist minister, John Hughes of [[Pontrobert]], and his wife, Ruth, who had been a maid at Ann Griffiths' farm and was a close confidante.

Together with [[Mary Jones and her Bible|Mary Jones]] (1784–1864), a poor Welsh girl who walked to Bala to buy a Bible, Ann Griffiths became a national icon by the end of the 19th century, and was a significant figure in Welsh [[nonconformism]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=James|first1=E. Wyn|title=Bala and the Bible: Thomas Charles, Ann Griffiths and Mary Jones|url=http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/bible.html|publisher=Cardiff University}}</ref>

In addition to the carved corbel head based on contemporary descriptions of Ann Griffiths which is in the Ann Griffiths Memorial Chapel in Dolanog, there are stained glass windows in her memory in the Crwys Welsh Presbyterian Chapel, Richmond Road, Cardiff; in the Williams Pantycelyn Memorial Chapel in Llandovery; and in the Ceiriog Memorial Institute in Glyn Ceiriog.

==Poetry==
Ann's poems are an expression of her fervent evangelical Christian faith, and reflect her incisive intellect and thorough scriptural knowledge. She is the most prominent female hymn-writer in Welsh. Her work is regarded as a highlight of [[Literature of Wales (Welsh language)|Welsh literature]], and her longest poem ''{{lang|cy|Rhyfedd, rhyfedd gan angylion...}}'' (Wondrous, wondrous to angels...)<ref>{{cite web|last1=James|first1=E. Wyn|title=Introduction to the life and work of Ann Griffiths|url=http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/introduction.html|website=gwefan Ann Griffiths website|publisher=Cardiff University|accessdate=26 April 2017}}</ref> was described by the dramatist and literary critic [[Saunders Lewis]] as "one of the majestic songs in the religious poetry of Europe".

Her hymn ''Wele'n sefyll rhwng y myrtwydd'' is commonly sung in Wales to the tune [[Cwm Rhondda]].

The service of enthronement of [[Rowan Williams]] as Archbishop of Canterbury in February 2003 included Rowan's own translation of one of her hymns: "Yr Arglwydd Iesu" ("The Lord Jesus").

==Musical==
[[File:Ann!, album cover.jpg|thumb|Album cover of the musical ''Ann!'']]
The television channel [[S4C]] commissioned ''Ann!'', a musical based on the life of Ann Griffiths, to be performed at the 2003 [[National Eisteddfod]] at Meifod. The performance was subsequently televised and a CD was released.<ref>{{cite web|title=Maldwyn Theatre Company - Ann!|url=http://www.sainwales.com/store/sain/sain-scd-2446|website=[[Sain]]|accessdate=1 July 2017}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*A. Griffiths, ''Cofio Ann Griffiths'', ed. G. M. Roberts (1965)
*[[A. M. Allchin]], ''Ann Griffiths'', Writers of Wales series (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1976)
*E. Wyn James, ‘Cushions, Copy-books and Computers: Ann Griffiths (1776–1805), Her Hymns and Letters and Their Transmission’, ''Bulletin of the John Rylands Library'', 90:2 (Autumn 2014), 163-83. ISSN 2054-9318.
*H. A. Hodges (ed. E. Wyn James), ''Flame in the Mountains: Williams Pantycelyn, Ann Griffiths and the Welsh Hymn'' (Tal-y-bont: Y Lolfa, 2017), 320 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-78461-454-6}}. This volume includes the text of Ann Griffiths' hymns in the original Welsh together with translations of her hymns and letters into English.
* E. Wyn James, [https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/local-news/western-mail-letters-tuesday-january-15644101 'Remember these Welsh heroines' (letter),] ''Western Mail'', 8 January 2019

The standard edition of her hymns and letters is E. Wyn James (ed.), ''Rhyfeddaf fyth . . .'' (Gwasg Gregynog, 1998).

==External links==
{{Wikisourcelang|cy|Categori:Ann Griffiths|Ann Griffiths}}
*[http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk Ann Griffiths Website]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Griffiths, Ann}}
[[Category:Deaths in childbirth]]
[[Category:Welsh women writers]]
[[Category:Welsh-language writers]]
[[Category:Welsh-language poets]]
[[Category:Welsh Methodist hymnwriters]]
[[Category:Welsh women poets]]
[[Category:1776 births]]
[[Category:1805 deaths]]
[[Category:Converts to Methodism from Anglicanism]]
[[Category:Welsh Methodists]]
[[Category:Women religious writers]]
[[Category:Women hymnwriters]]

Ann Griffiths

2019-02-11T09:32:34Z

80.3.192.129: /* Biography */

{{Use British English|date=October 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2012}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2016}}
[[File:Ann Griffiths walk memorial - geograph.org.uk - 1574268.jpg|thumb|Remembered in [[Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa]]]]
'''Ann Griffiths''' (née '''Thomas''', 1776–1805) was a [[Welsh poetry|Welsh poet]] and writer of [[Methodism|Methodist]] Christian hymns. Her poetry expresses a fervent evangelical Christian faith and reflects thorough scriptural knowledge.<ref>James Wyn: Introduction to the life and work of Ann Griffiths [http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/introduction.html Retrieved 29 January 2018.]</ref>

==Biography==
[[File:A letter in the hand of Ann Griffiths (1776-1805) NLW3365236.jpg|thumb|A letter in the hand of Ann Griffiths]]
Ann was born in April 1776 near the village of [[Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa]], {{convert|6|mi|spell=in|0}} from the market town of [[Llanfyllin]] (in the former county of [[Montgomeryshire]]) in [[Powys]]. She was the daughter of John Evan Thomas, a tenant farmer and churchwarden, and his wife, Jane. She had two older sisters, an older brother, John, and a younger brother, Edward. Her parents' house, Dolwar Fechan, was an isolated farm-house some {{convert|2+1/2|mi|spell=in|0}} south of Llanfihangel and {{convert|1|mi|spell=in}} north of Dolanog, set among hills and streams.

Not far away lay [[St Melangell's Church, Pennant Melangell|Pennant Melangell]], where Saint [[Melangell]] had lived as a hermit in the 6th century.<ref>''[[Archaeologia Cambrensis]]'', Journal of the Cambrian Archaeological Association, Vol. III, 6th Series, London, 1903.</ref>

Ann was brought up in the Anglican church; but in 1794, when she was 18, her mother died, and about this time or perhaps earlier she followed her brothers John and Edward in becoming drawn to the Methodist movement. In 1796 she joined the [[Calvinistic Methodism|Calvinistic Methodist]] movement after hearing the preaching of Benjamin Jones of [[Pwllheli]].

After the deaths of both her parents she married Thomas Griffiths, a farmer from the parish of [[Meifod]] and an elder of the Calvinistic Methodist church.

In August 1805 she died following childbirth aged 29 and was buried on 12 August 1805 at Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa.

She left behind a handful of stanzas in the [[Welsh language]]. These were preserved and published by her mentor, the [[Calvinism|Calvinistic]] Methodist minister, John Hughes of [[Pontrobert]], and his wife, Ruth, who had been a maid at Ann Griffiths' farm and was a close confidante.

Together with [[Mary Jones and her Bible|Mary Jones]] (1784–1864), a poor Welsh girl who walked to Bala to buy a Bible, Ann Griffiths became a national icon by the end of the 19th century, and was a significant figure in Welsh [[nonconformism]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=James|first1=E. Wyn|title=Bala and the Bible: Thomas Charles, Ann Griffiths and Mary Jones|url=http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/bible.html|publisher=Cardiff University}}</ref>

In addition to the carved corbel head based on contemporary descriptions of Ann Griffiths which is in the Ann Griffiths Memorial Chapel in Dolanog, there are stained glass windows in her memory in the Crwys Welsh Presbyterian Chapel,Richmond Road, Cardiff; in the Williams Pantycelyn Memorial Chapel in Llandovery; and in the Ceiriog Memorial Institute in Glyn Ceiriog.

==Poetry==
Ann's poems are an expression of her fervent evangelical Christian faith, and reflect her incisive intellect and thorough scriptural knowledge. She is the most prominent female hymn-writer in Welsh. Her work is regarded as a highlight of [[Literature of Wales (Welsh language)|Welsh literature]], and her longest poem ''{{lang|cy|Rhyfedd, rhyfedd gan angylion...}}'' (Wondrous, wondrous to angels...)<ref>{{cite web|last1=James|first1=E. Wyn|title=Introduction to the life and work of Ann Griffiths|url=http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/introduction.html|website=gwefan Ann Griffiths website|publisher=Cardiff University|accessdate=26 April 2017}}</ref> was described by the dramatist and literary critic [[Saunders Lewis]] as "one of the majestic songs in the religious poetry of Europe".

Her hymn ''Wele'n sefyll rhwng y myrtwydd'' is commonly sung in Wales to the tune [[Cwm Rhondda]].

The service of enthronement of [[Rowan Williams]] as Archbishop of Canterbury in February 2003 included Rowan's own translation of one of her hymns: "Yr Arglwydd Iesu" ("The Lord Jesus").

==Musical==
[[File:Ann!, album cover.jpg|thumb|Album cover of the musical ''Ann!'']]
The television channel [[S4C]] commissioned ''Ann!'', a musical based on the life of Ann Griffiths, to be performed at the 2003 [[National Eisteddfod]] at Meifod. The performance was subsequently televised and a CD was released.<ref>{{cite web|title=Maldwyn Theatre Company - Ann!|url=http://www.sainwales.com/store/sain/sain-scd-2446|website=[[Sain]]|accessdate=1 July 2017}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*A. Griffiths, ''Cofio Ann Griffiths'', ed. G. M. Roberts (1965)
*[[A. M. Allchin]], ''Ann Griffiths'', Writers of Wales series (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1976)
*E. Wyn James, ‘Cushions, Copy-books and Computers: Ann Griffiths (1776–1805), Her Hymns and Letters and Their Transmission’, ''Bulletin of the John Rylands Library'', 90:2 (Autumn 2014), 163-83. ISSN 2054-9318.
*H. A. Hodges (ed. E. Wyn James), ''Flame in the Mountains: Williams Pantycelyn, Ann Griffiths and the Welsh Hymn'' (Tal-y-bont: Y Lolfa, 2017), 320 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-78461-454-6}}. This volume includes the text of Ann Griffiths' hymns in the original Welsh together with translations of her hymns and letters into English.
* E. Wyn James, [https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/local-news/western-mail-letters-tuesday-january-15644101 'Remember these Welsh heroines' (letter),] ''Western Mail'', 8 January 2019

The standard edition of her hymns and letters is E. Wyn James (ed.), ''Rhyfeddaf fyth . . .'' (Gwasg Gregynog, 1998).

==External links==
{{Wikisourcelang|cy|Categori:Ann Griffiths|Ann Griffiths}}
*[http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk Ann Griffiths Website]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Griffiths, Ann}}
[[Category:Deaths in childbirth]]
[[Category:Welsh women writers]]
[[Category:Welsh-language writers]]
[[Category:Welsh-language poets]]
[[Category:Welsh Methodist hymnwriters]]
[[Category:Welsh women poets]]
[[Category:1776 births]]
[[Category:1805 deaths]]
[[Category:Converts to Methodism from Anglicanism]]
[[Category:Welsh Methodists]]
[[Category:Women religious writers]]
[[Category:Women hymnwriters]]

Ann Griffiths

2019-01-29T21:18:36Z

80.3.192.129: /* Further reading */

{{Use British English|date=October 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2012}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2016}}
[[File:Ann Griffiths walk memorial - geograph.org.uk - 1574268.jpg|thumb|Remembered in [[Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa]]]]
'''Ann Griffiths''' (née '''Thomas''', 1776–1805) was a [[Welsh poetry|Welsh poet]] and writer of [[Methodism|Methodist]] Christian hymns. Her poetry expresses a fervent evangelical Christian faith and reflects thorough scriptural knowledge.<ref>James Wyn: Introduction to the life and work of Ann Griffiths [http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/introduction.html Retrieved 29 January 2018.]</ref>

==Biography==
[[File:A letter in the hand of Ann Griffiths (1776-1805) NLW3365236.jpg|thumb|A letter in the hand of Ann Griffiths]]
Ann was born in April 1776 near the village of [[Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa]], {{convert|6|mi|spell=in|0}} from the market town of [[Llanfyllin]] (in the former county of [[Montgomeryshire]]) in [[Powys]]. She was the daughter of John Evan Thomas, a tenant farmer and churchwarden, and his wife, Jane. She had two older sisters, an older brother, John, and a younger brother, Edward. Her parents' house, Dolwar Fechan, was an isolated farm-house some {{convert|2+1/2|mi|spell=in|0}} south of Llanfihangel and {{convert|1|mi|spell=in}} north of Dolanog, set among hills and streams.

Not far away lay [[St Melangell's Church, Pennant Melangell|Pennant Melangell]], where Saint [[Melangell]] had lived as a hermit in the 6th century.<ref>''[[Archaeologia Cambrensis]]'', Journal of the Cambrian Archaeological Association, Vol. III, 6th Series, London, 1903.</ref>

Ann was brought up in the Anglican church; but in 1794, when she was 18, her mother died, and about this time or perhaps earlier she followed her brothers John and Edward in becoming drawn to the Methodist movement. In 1796 she joined the [[Calvinistic Methodism|Calvinistic Methodist]] movement after hearing the preaching of Benjamin Jones of [[Pwllheli]].

After the deaths of both her parents she married Thomas Griffiths, a farmer from the parish of [[Meifod]] and an elder of the Calvinistic Methodist church.

In August 1805 she died following childbirth aged 29 and was buried on 12 August 1805 at Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa.

She left behind a handful of stanzas in the [[Welsh language]]. These were preserved and published by her mentor, the [[Calvinism|Calvinistic]] Methodist minister, John Hughes of [[Pontrobert]], and his wife, Ruth, who had been a maid at Ann Griffiths' farm and was a close confidante.

Together with [[Mary Jones and her Bible|Mary Jones]] (1784–1864), a poor Welsh girl who walked to Bala to buy a Bible, Ann Griffiths became a national icon by the end of the 19th century, and was a significant figure in Welsh [[nonconformism]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=James|first1=E. Wyn|title=Bala and the Bible: Thomas Charles, Ann Griffiths and Mary Jones|url=http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/bible.html|publisher=Cardiff University}}</ref>

==Poetry==
Ann's poems are an expression of her fervent evangelical Christian faith, and reflect her incisive intellect and thorough scriptural knowledge. She is the most prominent female hymn-writer in Welsh. Her work is regarded as a highlight of [[Literature of Wales (Welsh language)|Welsh literature]], and her longest poem ''{{lang|cy|Rhyfedd, rhyfedd gan angylion...}}'' (Wondrous, wondrous to angels...)<ref>{{cite web|last1=James|first1=E. Wyn|title=Introduction to the life and work of Ann Griffiths|url=http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk/introduction.html|website=gwefan Ann Griffiths website|publisher=Cardiff University|accessdate=26 April 2017}}</ref> was described by the dramatist and literary critic [[Saunders Lewis]] as "one of the majestic songs in the religious poetry of Europe".

Her hymn ''Wele'n sefyll rhwng y myrtwydd'' is commonly sung in Wales to the tune [[Cwm Rhondda]].

The service of enthronement of [[Rowan Williams]] as Archbishop of Canterbury in February 2003 included Rowan's own translation of one of her hymns: "Yr Arglwydd Iesu" ("The Lord Jesus").

==Musical==
[[File:Ann!, album cover.jpg|thumb|Album cover of the musical ''Ann!'']]
The television channel [[S4C]] commissioned ''Ann!'', a musical based on the life of Ann Griffiths, to be performed at the 2003 [[National Eisteddfod]] at Meifod. The performance was subsequently televised and a CD was released.<ref>{{cite web|title=Maldwyn Theatre Company - Ann!|url=http://www.sainwales.com/store/sain/sain-scd-2446|website=[[Sain]]|accessdate=1 July 2017}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*A. Griffiths, ''Cofio Ann Griffiths'', ed. G. M. Roberts (1965)
*[[A. M. Allchin]], ''Ann Griffiths'', Writers of Wales series (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1976)
*E. Wyn James, ‘Cushions, Copy-books and Computers: Ann Griffiths (1776–1805), Her Hymns and Letters and Their Transmission’, ''Bulletin of the John Rylands Library'', 90:2 (Autumn 2014), 163-83. ISSN 2054-9318.
*H. A. Hodges (ed. E. Wyn James), ''Flame in the Mountains: Williams Pantycelyn, Ann Griffiths and the Welsh Hymn'' (Tal-y-bont: Y Lolfa, 2017), 320 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-78461-454-6}}. This volume includes the text of Ann Griffiths' hymns in the original Welsh together with translations of her hymns and letters into English.
* E. Wyn James, [https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/local-news/western-mail-letters-tuesday-january-15644101 'Remember these Welsh heroines' (letter),] ''Western Mail'', 8 January 2019

The standard edition of her hymns and letters is E. Wyn James (ed.), ''Rhyfeddaf fyth . . .'' (Gwasg Gregynog, 1998).

==External links==
{{Wikisourcelang|cy|Categori:Ann Griffiths|Ann Griffiths}}
*[http://www.anngriffiths.cardiff.ac.uk Ann Griffiths Website]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Griffiths, Ann}}
[[Category:Deaths in childbirth]]
[[Category:Welsh women writers]]
[[Category:Welsh-language writers]]
[[Category:Welsh-language poets]]
[[Category:Welsh Methodist hymnwriters]]
[[Category:Welsh women poets]]
[[Category:1776 births]]
[[Category:1805 deaths]]
[[Category:Converts to Methodism from Anglicanism]]
[[Category:Welsh Methodists]]
[[Category:Women religious writers]]
[[Category:Women hymnwriters]]

Steamboat Ladies

2019-01-26T12:58:07Z

80.3.192.129: /* Notable steamboat ladies */

"'''Steamboat ladies'''" was a nickname given to a number of female students at the [[women's college]]s of the [[university|universities]] of [[University of Oxford|Oxford]] and [[University of Cambridge|Cambridge]] who were awarded [[ad eundem degree|''ad eundem'']] [[University of Dublin]] [[academic degree|degrees]] at [[Trinity College Dublin]], between 1904 and 1907, at a time when their own universities refused to confer degrees upon women.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=A Timeline of the History of Women in Trinity|url=https://www.tcd.ie/about/trinity/events/Womens_Centenary/timeline.php|website=A Century of Women in Trinity College|accessdate=8 March 2017}}</ref>

Trinity opened its doors to female students in 1904. Unlike Oxford and Cambridge, where women had for some years been admitted to separate female colleges within the overall university, both men and women would be admitted to the University of Dublin's only college (Trinity) and it was felt there would be no rationale to restrict successful female students from graduating to become members of the university like their male counterparts. In accordance with the long-standing formula of ''ad eundem'' mutual recognition that existed between Dublin, Oxford and Cambridge, [[Anthony Traill (college provost)|Anthony Traill]], the then-Provost of Trinity College, proposed that eligible female Oxbridge course completers be granted Trinity degrees, as was the case for men.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yD_XlVSwJbcC&pg=PA220&dq=Steamboat+ladies+trinity+college+dublin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjSvK2qtpTTAhXHRyYKHd83CngQ6AEIJDAC#v=onepage&q=Steamboat%20ladies%20trinity%20college%20dublin&f=false|title=Chemistry Was Their Life: Pioneering British Women Chemists, 1880-1949|last=Rayner-Canham|first=Marelene F.|last2=Rayner-Canham|first2=Geoffrey|date=2008-01-01|publisher=Imperial College Press|isbn=9781860949876|language=en}}</ref> The policy lasted from June 1904 to December 1907, when requirements for ''ad eundem'' awards were revised.<ref name=":1" />

By 1907 Trinity had granted degrees to some 720 "Steamboat Ladies."<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z_CeAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA170&dq=Steamboat+ladies+trinity+college+dublin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjSvK2qtpTTAhXHRyYKHd83CngQ6AEIMTAE#v=onepage&q=Steamboat%20ladies%20trinity%20college%20dublin&f=false|title=Our Friend "the Enemy": Elite Education in Britain and Germany Before World War I|last=Weber|first=Thomas|date=2008-01-01|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=9780804700146|language=en}}</ref> All had passed examinations at Oxbridge that would have earned them a degree if they were male.<ref name=":2" /> The women were predominately students of [[Girton College, Cambridge|Girton]] and [[Newnham College, Cambridge|Newnham]] Colleges, Cambridge and [[Somerville College, Oxford]].<ref name=":1" />

The name comes from the means of transport commonly used by these women to travel to [[Dublin]] for this purpose.<ref name=":0" />

==Notable steamboat ladies==
* [[Julia Bell]]<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RzrRCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA310 |title=A Short History of Medical Genetics |last=Harper |first=Peter S. |date=24 October 2008 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=9780199720132 }}</ref> (1879–1979), [[human genetics|human geneticist]]
* [[Dorothy Brock]] [[Order of the British Empire|DBE]]<ref name="odnb">{{cite web |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/theme/61643 |title=Steamboat ladies (''act.'' 1904–1907) |last1=Parkes |first1=Susan M. |work=[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]] |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |accessdate=5 January 2011}}</ref> (1886–1969), [[educational sciences|educationist]] and headmistress
* [[Sara Burstall]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1859–1939), educationist and headmistress
* [[Frances Dove]] DBE, [[Justice of the peace|JP]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1847–1942), teacher and headmistress
* [[Gertrude Elles]] MBE<ref name="odnb" /> (1872–1960), [[geology|geologist]]
* [[Lilian Faithfull]] CBE, JP<ref name="odnb" /> (1865–1952), teacher and headmistress
* [[Philippa Fawcett]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1868–1948), mathematician and educationalist
* [[Florence Gadesen]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1853–1934), teacher and headmistress
* [[Ethel Gavin]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1866–1918), educationist and headmistress
* [[Frances Ralph Gray]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1861–1935), teacher and headmistress
* [[Ruth Herbert Lewis]] (1871-1946), social reformer and folk-song collector
* [[Katharine Jex-Blake]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1860–1951), [[classics|classicist]] and teacher
* [[Lilian Knowles]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1870–1926), [[history|historian]] and professor of [[economic history]]
* [[Penelope Lawrence]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1856–1932), educator
* [[Ellen McArthur]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1862–1927), economic historian
* [[Edith Major]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1867–1951), educationist and headmistress
* [[Emily Penrose]] DBE<ref name="odnb" /> (1858–1942), classicist and educationalist
* [[Bertha Phillpotts]] DBE<ref name="odnb" /> (1877–1932), linguist, historian and educationalist
* [[Eleanor Rathbone]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1872–1946), [[suffragist]], [[reform movement|social reformer]] and [[member of parliament]]
* [[Shena Simon]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1883–1972), politician, [[feminism|feminist]], educationalist and writer
* [[Eugénie Sellers Strong]] CBE<ref name="odnb" /> (1860–1943), [[archaeology|archaeologist]] and [[art history|art historian]]
* [[Margaret Tuke]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1862–1947), academic and educator
* [[Katharine Wallas]] CBE<ref name="odnb" /> (1864–1944), politician and educationalist
* [[Mary Hay Wood]]<ref name="odnb" /> (1868–1934), educationist

==References==
{{reflist}}
* {{cite book | last = Burek | first = Cynthia V. | authorlink = |author2=Bettie Higgs | title = The Role of Women in the History of Geology | publisher = [[Geological Society of London]] | date = 2007 | pages = 146 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=9Pc-KlQ3I54C&pg=PA146&lpg=PA146&dq=%22Steamboat+ladies%22+dublin&source=bl&ots=nt9zBA6kli&sig=JOd7P6aLbJpOyaNdelRWOT8qFQM&hl=en&ei=2nrISunNApOG6AOR9d3vBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5#v=onepage&q=%22Steamboat%20ladies%22%20dublin&f=false | isbn = 1-86239-227-7}}.
* {{cite book | last = Parkes | first = S. M. | title = A Danger to the Men?: A History of Women in Trinity College Dublin 1904-2004 | publisher = [[Lilliput Press]] | date = 2004 | pages = 75, 90 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SmCfAAAAMAAJ&q=steamboat#search_anchor | isbn = 1-84351-040-5}}.
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1904 in England]]
[[Category:1904 in Ireland]]
[[Category:History of education in England]]
[[Category:History of the University of Oxford]]
[[Category:History of the University of Cambridge]]
[[Category:Lists of people associated with the University of Oxford]]
[[Category:Lists of people associated with the University of Cambridge]]
[[Category:Oxbridge]]
[[Category:Terminology of the University of Cambridge]]
[[Category:Trinity College Dublin-related lists]]
[[Category:University of Dublin]]

{{education-stub}}