Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Astrolabe (Schiff)

2013-12-30T21:34:40Z

76.65.128.112:

{{Other ships|French ship Astrolabe}}
{{redirect|L'Astrolabe|other uses|astrolabe (disambiguation)}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[Image:Astrolabe Urville.png|300px]]
|Ship caption=
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=France
|Ship flag=[[Image:Enseigne Marine Royale France.png|45px|French Navy Ensign]]
|Ship name=
|Ship namesake=[[French ship Astrolabe (1781)|French ship ''Astrolabe'']]
|Ship owner=
|Ship operator=
|Ship registry=
|Ship route=
|Ship ordered=
|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=[[Toulon]] shipyard
|Ship original cost=
|Ship yard number=
|Ship way number=
|Ship laid down=
|Ship launched=1811
|Ship sponsor=
|Ship christened=''Coquille'', 9 July 1814
|Ship completed=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=
|Ship recommissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship maiden voyage=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship renamed=''Astrolabe'' in 1826
|Ship reclassified=
|Ship refit=
|Ship struck=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship identification=
|Ship motto=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honours=
|Ship honors=
|Ship captured=
|Ship fate=Scrapped in 1851
|Ship status=
|Ship notes=
|Ship badge=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class=Fluyt
|Ship type=
|Ship tonnage=
|Ship displacement=380 tonnes
|Ship tons burthen=
|Ship length=31.57 m
|Ship beam=18.48 m
|Ship height=
|Ship draught=4.25 m
|Ship draft=
|Ship depth=
|Ship hold depth=
|Ship decks=
|Ship deck clearance=
|Ship ramps=
|Ship ice class=
|Ship power=
|Ship propulsion=Sail
|Ship sail plan=
|Ship speed=
|Ship range=
|Ship endurance=
|Ship test depth=
|Ship boats=
|Ship capacity=
|Ship troops=
|Ship complement=
|Ship crew=
|Ship time to activate=
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=
|Ship armour=timber
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
The '''''Astrolabe''''' was a horse [[barge]] converted to an exploration ship of the [[French Navy]] and was originally named ''La Coquille''. She is famous for her travels with [[Jules Dumont d'Urville]]. The name derives from an early [[navigational instrument]], the [[astrolabe]], a precursor to the [[sextant]].

== Voyage under the command of Louis Isidore Duperrey==
Louis Isidore Duperrey commanded ''La Coquille'' on its circumnavigation of the earth (1822–1825) with [[Jules Dumont d'Urville]] as second. [[René-Primevère Lesson]] also travelled on ''La Coquille'' as a naval doctor and naturalist. On the return to France in March 1825, Lesson and Dumont brought back to France an imposing collection of animals and plants collected on the [[Falkland Islands]], on the coasts of [[Chile]] and [[Peru]], in the archipelagos of the Pacific and [[New Zealand]], [[New Guinea]] and [[Australia]].

During the voyage the ship spent two weeks in the [[Bay of Islands]] in the north of [[New Zealand]] in 1824.<ref name="ESNZC">{{cite web| last = | first = | work=Early shipping in New Zealand waters|title= ''Coquille''|date =|url= http://www.myancestorsstory.com/shiplist_05.html | accessdate=10 November 2013}}</ref> On the return voyage to France the ship sailed through the Ellice Islands (now known as [[Tuvalu]]).<ref name="KSDDM">{{cite journal |author= Chambers, Keith S. and Munro, Doug |title=The Mystery of Gran Cocal: European Discovery and Mis-Discovery in Tuvalu |url=http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document/Volume_89_1980/Volume_89,_No._2/The_%26apos%3Bmystery%26apos%3B_of_Gran_Cocal%3A_European_discovery_and_mis-discovery_in_Tuvalu,_by_Doug_Munro,_p_167-198/p1|year=1980|volume= 89|issue=2|journal= The Journal of the Polynesian Society|pages=167–198}}</ref>

==First Voyage under the command of Jules Dumont d'Urville==
''La Coquille'' was renamed the ''Astrolabe'' in honour of one of the ships of [[Jean-François de Galaup, comte de La Pérouse|La Pérouse]], and sailed from Toulon on 22 April 1826, towards the Pacific Ocean, for a circumnavigation of the world that was destined to last nearly three years.

The ''Astrolabe'' explored parts of [[Australia]]. On January 1827, the French explorer Dumont d'Urville arrived in [[Tasman Bay]] in the north of the [[South Island]]. A number of landmarks around Tasman Bay were named by d'Urville and his crew including [[D'Urville Island, New Zealand|d'Urville Island]], [[French Pass]] and [[Torrent Bay]].<ref>http://www.theprow.org.nz/d-urville-s-tasman-bay-odyssey/#.UPmE0B2R-So</ref> Dumont then sailed along the east coast of the [[North Island]]. On 12 March 1827 ''Astrolabe'' entered the [[Bay of Islands]].<ref name="ESNZA">{{cite web| last = | first = | work=Early shipping in New Zealand waters|title= ''Astrolabe''|date =|url= http://www.myancestorsstory.com/shiplist_02.html | accessdate=10 November 2013}}</ref>

The ''Astrolabe'' then visited [[Fiji]], after which [[Jules Dumont d'Urville]] executed the first relief maps of the [[Loyalty Islands]] (part of French [[New Caledonia]]) and explored the coasts of [[New Guinea]]. He confirmed the site of La Pérouse’s shipwreck in [[Vanikoro]] (one of the [[Santa Cruz Islands]], part of the archipelago of the [[Solomon Islands]]) and collected numerous remains of his boats. The voyage continued with the mapping of part of the [[Caroline Islands]] and the [[Moluccas]]. The ''Astrolabe'' returned to Marseille on 25 March 1829.

==Second Voyage under the command of Jules Dumont d'Urville==
Dumont wanted to do further exploration of the Pacific Ocean, however King [[Louis-Philippe of France|Louis-Philippe]] ordered that the second expedition aim for the [[South Pole|South Magnetic Pole]] and to claim it for France; if that was not possible, Dumont’s expedition was asked to equal the most southerly latitude of 74°34'S achieved in 1823 by [[James Weddell]]. Thus France became part of the international competition for polar exploration, along with the United States and the United Kingdom. The ''Astrolabe'' and the ''Zélée'' sailed from Toulon on 7 September 1837.

After reaching the [[South Orkney Islands]], the expedition headed directly to the [[South Shetland Islands]] and the [[Bransfield Strait]]. In spite of thick fog they located some land only sketched on the maps, which Dumont named Terre de Louis-Philippe (now called [[Graham Land]]), the [[Joinville Island group]] and Rosamel Island (now called [[Andersson Island]]). As most of the crew had obvious symptoms of scurvy, at the end of February 1838, Dumont accepted that he was not able to continue further south, and he continued to doubt the actual latitude reached by Weddell. He therefore directed the two ships towards [[Talcahuano]], in Chile, where he established a temporary hospital for the crew members affected by scurvy.

The ships then sailed to the [[Marquesas Islands]] then to [[Hobart]] in Australia on the way south. The expedition followed the coast of Antarctica then carried out experiments to determine the approximate position of the [[South magnetic pole]]. They sighted the American [[schooner]] ''Porpoise'' of the [[United States Exploring Expedition]] commanded by [[Charles Wilkes]], but it made an evasive manoeuvre and disappeared into the fog. On 1 February 1840, Dumont decided to turn to the north heading for Hobart, which the two ships reached 17 days later. They were present for the arrival of the two ships of [[James Clark Ross|James Ross]]’s expedition to Antarctica.

On 25 February 1840, the ships sailed towards the [[Auckland Islands]], where they carried out magnetic measurements. The expedition returned via New Zealand, the [[Torres Strait]], [[Timor]], [[Réunion]], [[Saint Helena]] and finally Toulon, returning on 6 November 1840.

==Legacy==
The [[Astrolabe Subglacial Basin]] in Antarctica bears her name, as do the [[Astrolabe Glacier]], the [[Astrolabe Needle]], [[Astrolabe Island]], [[Great Astrolabe Reef]] (off [[Kadavu Island|Kadavu]] island, [[Fiji]]) and [[Astrolabe Reef]] (New Zealand).

<gallery>
Image:Dumont-d'Urville.web.jpg|''[[French ship Astrolabe (1817)|Astrolabe]]'' making water on a floe February 6, 1838
Image:Lebreton engraving-06.jpg|The ''Astrolabe'' and ''Zélée'' stranded in the Austral Ocean
File:Atlas pittoresque pl 051.jpg
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[European and American voyages of scientific exploration]]
* [http://perso.orange.fr/kerprich-ar-mor/philadelie/astrolabe/astrolabf.html L'Astrolabe et la Zélée]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{Commons|Jules Dumont d'Urville}}
*{{Cite book
| last =Guillon
| first = Jacques
| title =Dumont d'Urville
| publisher =France-Empire
| year =1986
| location =Paris
| pages =
| id = }} (in French)
*{{Cite book
| last =Gurney
| first = Alan
| title =The race to the white continent
| publisher =W.W. Norton & Company
| year =2000
| location =New York
| pages =320
| isbn = 0-393-05004-1 }}
*{{Cite book
| last =Lesson
| first =René-Primevère Alan
| title =Notice historique sur l'amiral Dumont d'Urville
| publisher =Imprimerie de Henry Loustau
| year =1845
| location =Rochefort
| pages =
| id = }} (in French)
*{{Cite book
| last =Vergniol
| first =Camille
| title =Dumont d'Urville. La grande légende de la mer
| publisher =
| year = 1930
| location =
| pages =
| id = }} (in French)
*{{Cite web
| title =Jules-Sebastien-Cesar Dumont d'Urville
| publisher =South-Pole.com
| date =
| url =http://www.south-pole.com/p0000077.htm
| accessdate = 5 January 2007 }}

{{Polar exploration|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Astrolabe (1817)}}
[[Category:Barques]]
[[Category:Exploration ships]]
[[Category:Ships built in France]]
[[Category:1811 ships]]

Astrolabe (Schiff)

2013-12-30T21:34:18Z

76.65.128.112:

{{Other ships|French ship Astrolabe}}
{{redirect|L'Astrolabe|other uses|astrolabe (disambiguation)}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[Image:Astrolabe Urville.png|300px]]
|Ship caption=
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=France
|Ship flag=[[Image:Enseigne Marine Royale France.png|45px|French Navy Ensign]]
|Ship name=
|Ship namesake=[[French ship Astrolabe (1781)|French ship ''Astrolabe'']]
|Ship owner=
|Ship operator=
|Ship registry=
|Ship route=
|Ship ordered=
|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=[[Toulon]] shipyard
|Ship original cost=
|Ship yard number=
|Ship way number=
|Ship laid down=
|Ship launched=1811
|Ship sponsor=
|Ship christened=''Coquille'', 9 July 1814
|Ship completed=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=
|Ship recommissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship maiden voyage=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship renamed=''Astrolabe'' in 1826
|Ship reclassified=
|Ship refit=
|Ship struck=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship identification=
|Ship motto=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honours=
|Ship honors=
|Ship captured=
|Ship fate=Scrapped in 1851
|Ship status=
|Ship notes=
|Ship badge=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class=Fluyt
|Ship type=
|Ship tonnage=
|Ship displacement=380 tonnes
|Ship tons burthen=
|Ship length=31.57 m
|Ship beam=18.48 m
|Ship height=
|Ship draught=4.25 m
|Ship draft=
|Ship depth=
|Ship hold depth=
|Ship decks=
|Ship deck clearance=
|Ship ramps=
|Ship ice class=
|Ship power=
|Ship propulsion=Sail
|Ship sail plan=
|Ship speed=
|Ship range=
|Ship endurance=
|Ship test depth=
|Ship boats=
|Ship capacity=
|Ship troops=
|Ship complement=
|Ship crew=
|Ship time to activate=
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=
|Ship armour=timber
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
The '''''Astrolabe''''' was a horse [[barge]] converted to an exploration ship of the [[French Navy]] and was originally named ''La Coquille''. She is famous for her travels with [[Jules Dumont d'Urville]]. The name derives from an early [[navigational instrument]], the [[astrolabe]], a precursor to the [[sextant]].

== Voyage under the command of Louis Isidore Duperrey==
Louis Isidore Duperrey commanded ''La Coquille'' on its circumnavigation of the earth (1822–1825) with [[Jules Dumont d'Urville]] as second. [[René-Primevère Lesson]] also travelled on ''La Coquille'' as a naval doctor and naturalist. On the return to France in March 1825, Lesson and Dumont brought back to France an imposing collection of animals and plants collected on the [[Falkland Islands]], on the coasts of [[Chile]] and [[Peru]], in the archipelagos of the Pacific and [[New Zealand]], [[New Guinea]] and [[Australia]].

During the voyage the ship spent two weeks in the [[Bay of Islands]] in the north of [[New Zealand]] in 1824.<ref name="ESNZC">{{cite web| last = | first = | work=Early shipping in New Zealand waters|title= ''Coquille''|date =|url= http://www.myancestorsstory.com/shiplist_05.html | accessdate=10 November 2013}}</ref> On the return voyage to France the ship sailed through the Ellice Islands (now known as [[Tuvalu]]).<ref name="KSDDM">{{cite journal |author= Chambers, Keith S. and Munro, Doug |title=The Mystery of Gran Cocal: European Discovery and Mis-Discovery in Tuvalu |url=http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document/Volume_89_1980/Volume_89,_No._2/The_%26apos%3Bmystery%26apos%3B_of_Gran_Cocal%3A_European_discovery_and_mis-discovery_in_Tuvalu,_by_Doug_Munro,_p_167-198/p1|year=1980|volume= 89|issue=2|journal= The Journal of the Polynesian Society|pages=167–198}}</ref>

==First Voyage under the command of Jules Dumont d'Urville==
''La Coquille'' was renamed the ''Astrolabe'' in honour of one of the ships of [[Jean-François de Galaup, comte de La Pérouse|La Pérouse]], and sailed from Toulon on 22 April 1826, towards the Pacific Ocean, for a circumnavigation of the world that was destined to last nearly three years.

The ''Astrolabe'' explored parts of [[Australia]]. On January 1827, the French explorer Dumont d'Urville arrived in [[Tasman Bay]] in the north of the [[South Island]]. A number of landmarks around Tasman Bay were named by d'Urville and his crew including [[D'Urville Island, New Zealand|d'Urville Island]], [[French Pass]] and [[Torrent Bay]].<ref>http://www.theprow.org.nz/d-urville-s-tasman-bay-odyssey/#.UPmE0B2R-So</ref> Dumont then sailed along the east coast of the [[North Island]]. On 12 March 1827 ''Astrolabe'' entered the [[Bay of Islands]].<ref name="ESNZA">{{cite web| last = | first = | work=Early shipping in New Zealand waters|title= ''Astrolabe''|date =|url= http://www.myancestorsstory.com/shiplist_02.html | accessdate=10 November 2013}}</ref>

The ''Astrolabe'' then visited [[Fiji]], after which [[Jules Dumont d'Urville]] executed the first relief maps of the [[Loyalty Islands]] (part of French [[New Caledonia]]) and explored the coasts of [[New Guinea]]. He confirmed the site of La Pérouse’s shipwreck in [[Vanikoro]] (one of the [[Santa Cruz Islands]], part of the archipelago of the [[Solomon Islands]]) and collected numerous remains of his boats. The voyage continued with the mapping of part of the [[Caroline Islands]] and the [[Moluccas]]. The ''Astrolabe'' returned to Marseille on 25 March 1829.

==Second Voyage under the command of Jules Dumont d'Urville==
Dumont wanted to do further exploration of the Pacific Ocean, however King [[Louis-Philippe of France|Louis-Philippe]] ordered that the second expedition aim for the [[South Pole|South Magnetic Pole]] and to claim it for France; if that was not possible, Dumont’s expedition was asked to equal the most southerly latitude of 74°34'S achieved in 1823 by [[James Weddell]]. Thus France became part of the international competition for polar exploration, along with the United States and the United Kingdom. The ''Astrolabe'' and the ''Zélée'' sailed from Toulon on 7 September 1837.

After reaching the [[South Orkney Islands]], the expedition headed directly to the [[South Shetland Islands]] and the [[Bransfield Strait]]. In spite of thick fog they located some land only sketched on the maps, which Dumont named Terre de Louis-Philippe (now called [[Graham Land]]), the [[Joinville Island group]] and Rosamel Island (now called [[Andersson Island]]). As most of the crew had obvious symptoms of scurvy, at the end of February 1838, Dumont accepted that he was not able to continue further south, and he continued to doubt the actual latitude reached by Weddell. He therefore directed the two ships towards [[Talcahuano]], in Chile, where he established a temporary hospital for the crew members affected by scurvy.

The ships then sailed to the [[Marquesas Islands]] then to [[Hobart]] in Australia on the way south. The expedition followed the coast of Antarctica then carried out experiments to determine the approximate position of the [[South magnetic pole]]. They sighted the American [[schooner]] ''Porpoise'' of the [[United States Exploring Expedition]] commanded by [[Charles Wilkes]], but it made an evasive manoeuvre and disappeared into the fog. On 1 February 1840, Dumont decided to turn to the north heading for Hobart, which the two ships reached 17 days later. They were present for the arrival of the two ships of [[James Clark Ross|James Ross]]’s expedition to Antarctica.

On 25 February 1840, the ships sailed towards the [[Auckland Islands]], where they carried out magnetic measurements. The expedition returned via New Zealand, the [[Torres Strait]], [[Timor]], [[Réunion]], [[Saint Helena]] and finally Toulon, returning on 6 November 1840.

==Legacy==
The [[Astrolabe Subglacial Basin]] in Antarctica bears her name, as do the [[Astrolabe Glacier]], the [[Astrolabe Needle]], [[Astrolabe Island]], [[Great Astrolabe Reef]] (off [[Kadavu Island|Kadavu]] island, [[Fiji]]) and [[Astrolabe Reef]] (New Zealand).

<gallery>
Image:Dumont-d'Urville.web.jpg|''[[French ship Astrolabe (1817)|Astrolabe]]'' making water on a floe February 6, 1838
Image:Lebreton engraving-06.jpg|The ''Astrolabe'' and ''Zélée'' stranded in the Austral Ocean
File:Atlas pittoresque pl 051.jpg
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[European and American voyages of scientific exploration]]
* [http://perso.orange.fr/kerprich-ar-mor/philadelie/astrolabe/astrolabf.html L'Astrolabe et la Zélée]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{Commons|Jules Dumont d'Urville}}
*{{Cite book
| last =Guillon
| first = Jacques
| title =Dumont d'Urville
| publisher =France-Empire
| year =1986
| location =Paris
| pages =
| id = }} (in French)
*{{Cite book
| last =Gurney
| first = Alan
| title =The race to the white continent
| publisher =W.W. Norton & Company
| year =2000
| location =New York
| pages =320
| isbn = 0-393-05004-1 }}
*{{Cite book
| last =Lesson
| first =René-Primevère Alan
| title =Notice historique sur l'amiral Dumont d'Urville
| publisher =Imprimerie de Henry Loustau
| year =1845
| location =Rochefort
| pages =
| id = }} (in French)
*{{Cite book
| last =Vergniol
| first =Camille
| title =Dumont d'Urville. La grande légende de la mer
| publisher =
| year = 1930
| location =
| pages =
| id = }} (in French)
*{{Cite web
| title =Jules-Sebastien-Cesar Dumont d'Urville
| publisher =South-Pole.com
| date =
| url =http://www.south-pole.com/p0000077.htm
| accessdate = 5 January 2007 }}

{{Polar exploration|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Astrolabe (1817)}}
[[Category:Barques]]
[[Category:Exploration ships]]
[[Category:Ships built in France]]
[[Category:1811 ships]]