Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Boogie Wonderland (Lied)

2013-05-19T02:29:01Z

66.117.145.231: /* Appearances in other media */

{{Infobox single
| Name = Boogie Wonderland
| Cover = EarthWindAndFireWithTheEmotionBoogieWonderland7InchSingleCover.jpg
| Artist = [[Earth, Wind & Fire]] with [[The Emotions]]
| Album = [[I Am (Earth, Wind & Fire album)|I Am]]
| B-side = "Boogie Wonderland (Instrumental)"
| Released = 1979
| Genre = [[Disco]], [[funk]]
| Format = [[7"]], [[12-inch single|12"]]
| Length = 9:21 (12" version), 4:55 (7" version), 4:47 (album version)
| Label = [[American Record Company|ARC]]/[[Columbia Records]]
| Writer = [[Allee Willis]], [[Jon Lind]]
| producer = Maurice White, Al McKay
| Chronology = [[Earth, Wind & Fire]] singles
| Last single = "[[September (Earth, Wind & Fire song)|September]]" (1978)
| This single = "'''Boogie Wonderland'''" (1979)
| Next single = "[[After the Love Has Gone (Earth, Wind and Fire song)|After the Love Has Gone]]" (1979)
}}

"'''Boogie Wonderland'''" is a 1979 hit single by [[Earth, Wind & Fire]] featuring [[The Emotions]].

Boogie Wonderland was written by [[Allee Willis]] and [[Jon Lind]], and included on the album ''[[I Am (Earth, Wind & Fire album)|I Am]]''. It is regarded{{fact|date=March 2013}} as a classic of the disco age and peaked at number 6 on the [[Billboard Hot 100]] and number 2 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

==Reception==
"Boogie Wonderland", written for the lead singer of Earth, Wind, & Fire's cousins, was very successful commercially, selling over a million copies and being certified gold as up until the RIAA lowered the sales levels for certified singles in 1989, "gold" equaled 1 million units sold and has also been certified gold by the [[British Phonographic Industry]] for selling over 400,000 copies in the U.K.<ref>[http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH_RESULTS&artist=Earth%20Wind&format=SINGLE&go=Search&perPage=50 RIAA Certification for After the Love Has Gone]</ref><ref name="Spider">{{cite web|url=http://spider.georgetowncollege.edu/music/burnette/Mus570d/terms.htm|title=Rock Music, etc., Terms |publisher=spider.georgetowncollege.edu|accessdate=2009-03-23}}</ref><ref>[http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx RIAA Certification for After the Love Has Gone]</ref>

==Covers==
"Boogie Wonderland" was the basis for the [[big beat]] dance song "I'm Alive" by Stretch & Vern Present "Maddog"; the song reached number 6 in the U.K. in September 1996.<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.chartstats.com/songinfo.php?id=24485
|title = Chart Stats Stretch 'N' Vern Presents 'Maddog' - I'm Alive
}}</ref>

The rock band [[Girls Against Boys]] covered the song for the 1999 movie ''[[200 Cigarettes]]''.

A rendition of the song was featured on the [[reality television]] competition series ''[[American Idol]]'', during the closing minutes of the April 2, 2003 episode. It was performed by the Top 8 finalists from [[American Idol (season 2)|Season 2]]: [[Ruben Studdard]], [[Clay Aiken]], [[Kimberley Locke]], [[Josh Gracin]], [[Trenyce]], [[Carmen Rasmusen]], [[Kimberly Caldwell]] and [[Rickey Smith]].<ref name = "tv.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.tv.com/shows/american-idol/not-the-final-countdown-239405/ |title=American Idol: Not The Final Coundown! |date = |publisher=[[TV.com]] |accessdate=June 26, 2012}}</ref><ref name="idol">{{cite episode |title= |series=American Idol |serieslink=American Idol |credits= |network=[[Fox Broadcasting Company|FOX]]
|airdate=April 2, 2003 |season=2 |number=23}}</ref>

It was covered by [[Brittany Murphy]] for the [[Happy Feet: Music from the Motion Picture|soundtrack]] to the 2006 movie ''[[Happy Feet]]'' and ''[[Madagascar (2005 movie)]]''

==Appearances in other media==
"Boogie Wonderland" has been featured in the American films ''[[Roller Boogie]]'',<ref name=imdb>[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0079822/ Roller Boogie on imdb.com]</ref> ''[[Billy & Mandy's Big Boogey Adventure]]'', ''[[Madagascar (2005 film)|Madagascar]]'', ''[[Happy Feet]]'', ''[[Don't Look Under The Bed]]'', ''[[Caddyshack]]'',<ref name=imdb>[http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0247451/ Earth, Wind & Fire on imdb.com]</ref> and ''[[The Emperor's New Groove 2: Kronk's New Groove]]'', as well as the French film ''[[The Intouchables]]''. It was also in the Ninth Season and 23rd episode of "[[The_Office_(U.S._TV_series)]]".

A remix of the song was also used in the arcade game ''[[Dance Dance Revolution 3rdMIX]]'', and the original version appeared later in ''[[Dance Dance Revolution Hottest Party 3|Hottest Party 3]]''. "Boogie Wonderland" has also been made into different variations by the [[Southern University]] Marching Band, [[Tennessee State University]]'s Aristocrat of Bands, and the [[Marching 100]]. The song is also used in the Australian play, ''[[Priscilla Queen of the Desert - the Musical|Priscilla: the Musical]]''.

==Remixes==
* "Boogie Wonderland" ([[Bimbo Jones]] Radio Edit) - 3:08
* "Boogie Wonderland" (Bimbo Jones 12 inch Version) - 7:57

==Chart positions==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Chart (1979)
!Peak position
|-
|[[UK Singles Chart]]
|align="center"|4
|-
|U.S. [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]
|align="center"|6
|-
|U.S. ''Billboard'' [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs]]
|align="center"|2
|-
!align="left"|Chart (2012)
!align="left"|Peak position
|-
|align="left"|[[France]]
|align="center"|39<ref>[http://lescharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Earth%2C+Wind+%26+Fire+with+The+Emotions&titel=Boogie+Wonderland&cat=s.asp lescharts.com]</ref>
|-
|}

==Accolades==
The information regarding accolades attributed to "Boogie Wonderland" is adapted from AcclaimedMusic.net.<ref name=acclaimed>[http://www.acclaimedmusic.net/Current/S592.htm Acclaimed Music - Boogie Wonderland]</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Publication
! Country
! Accolade
! Year
! Rank
|-
| Gary Mulholland
| align="center"|U.K.
| This Is Uncool: The 500 Best Singles Since Punk Rock
| 2002
| align="center"|*
|-
| [[Dave Marsh]]
| align="center"|U.S.
| The 1001 Greatest Singles Ever Made
| 1989
| align="center"|737
|-
| Bruce Pollock
| align="center"|U.S.
| ''The 7,500 Most Important Songs of 1944-2000''
| 2005
| align="center"|*
|-
| Panorama
| align="center"|Norway
| ''The 30 Best Singles of the Year 1970-98''
| 1999
| align="center"|13
|}

(*) designates lists that are unordered.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Earth, Wind & Fire}}
{{The Emotions}}

[[Category:Earth, Wind & Fire songs]]
[[Category:1979 singles]]
[[Category:Disco songs]]
[[Category:Songs written by Allee Willis]]
[[Category:Songs written by Jon Lind]]

Haloquadratum walsbyi

2011-05-10T00:20:20Z

66.117.145.231: Information was incorrect- these cells aren't motile and don't possess flagella. This information was taken from Microbewiki, where it also is incorrect.. whoever wrote it probably was referring to haloarcula quadrata.

{{Taxobox
| image = Haloquadratum walsbyi00.jpg
| domain = [[Archaea]]
| regnum = [[Archaea]]
| phylum = [[Euryarchaeota]]
| classis = [[Halobacteria]]
| ordo = [[Halobacteriales]]
| familia = [[Halobacteriaceae]]
| genus = '''''Haloquadratum'''''
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species (biology)|Species]]
| subdivision =
* ''[[Haloquadratum walsbyi|H. walsbyi]]''
| binomial = ''Haloquadratum''
| binomial_authority = Burns ''et al.'' 2007
}}

'''''Haloquadratum''''' (''"salt square"'') is a [[genus (biology)|genus]] of the ''[[Halobacteriaceae]]''.<ref>See the [[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=293431 webpage on Haloquadratum]. Data extracted from the {{cite web | url=ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/ | title=NCBI taxonomy resources | publisher=[[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] | accessdate=2007-03-19}}</ref> The first species to be identified in this group, ''Haloquadratum walsbyi'', is highly unusual since its cells are shaped like flat, square boxes.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Stoeckenius W |title=Walsby's square bacterium: fine structure of an orthogonal procaryote |journal=J. Bacteriol. |volume=148 |issue=1 |pages=352–60 |date=1 October 1981|pmid=7287626 |url=http://jb.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7287626 |pmc=216199 }}</ref>

First discovered in 1980 by [[A.E. Walsby]] in the Gavish Sabkha, a coastal [[brine pool]] on the [[Sinai Peninsula]] in Egypt, this archaeon was not cultured until 2004. While attempting to culture ''Haloquadratum walsbyi'', a new species, ''[[Haloarcula]] quadra'', was found. ''Haloquadratum'' are remarkable for their shape and relative abundance in [[Halophile|halophilic]] environments.

The cells contain large numbers of refractile gas-filled vacuoles which provide buoyancy in a watery environment and may help to position the cells to maximise light-harvesting.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Oren A, Pri-El N, Shapiro O, Siboni N |title=Buoyancy studies in natural communities of square gas-vacuolate archaea in saltern crystallizer ponds |journal=Saline Syst. |volume=2 |issue= |pages=4 |year=2006 |pmid=16613609 |pmc=1459177 |doi=10.1186/1746-1448-2-4 }}</ref> The cells may join with others to form fragile sheets as extensive as 40 [[micrometre]]s.

''Haloquadratum walsbyi'' can be found anywhere in hypersaline waters. When sea water evaporates, high concentration and precipitation of calcium carbonate and calcium sulphate result, leading to a hypersaline sodium chloride-rich brine. Further evaporation results in the precipitation of sodium chloride or [[halite]], and then to a concentrated [[magnesium chloride]] brine termed ''[[bittern (salt)|bittern]]''. During the final stage of halite formation, before magnesium chloride concentration causes the brine to become sterile, ''H. walsbyi'' flourishes and can make up 80% of the brine's biomass.

== Description and Significance ==
According to recent literature (Maturrano et al., "Microbial Diversity in Maras Salterns, a Hypersaline Environment in the Peruvian Andes"), the genus of ''Haloquadratum'' has been changed to ''Haloquadra''. The archaeon with the proposed name ''Haloquadra walsbyi'' ("salt squares of Walsby") was first discovered in 1980 by A.E. Walsby in the Gavish Sabkha, a coastal brine pool in the Sinai peninsula, Egypt, and formally described by Burns et al. in 2007<ref>Burns, D.G., Janssen, P.H., Itoh, T., Kamekura, M., Li, Z., Jensen, G., Rodriguez-Valera, F., Bolhuis, H., and Dyall-Smith, M.L. "Haloquadratum walsbyi gen. nov., sp. nov., the square haloarchaeon of Walsby, isolated from saltern crystallizers in Australia and Spain." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2007) 57:387-392.</ref>. The "square haloarchaea of Walsby" were notable because of their extremely thin (around 0.15 μm), square-shaped structure. While this archaeon was discovered in 1980, it was not cultivated in the lab until 2004; before then it had been considered to be an unculturable organism. In the attempts to culture'' Haloquadra walsbyi'', a new member of the ''Haloarcula'' genus, ''Haloarcula quadra'', was isolated. ''Haloquadra'' are interesting to scientists because of their unique shape and their relative abundance in halophilic habitats, possibly signifying an important ecophysiological role.

== Genome Structure ==
The mapping of ''Haloquadratum walsbyi'''s genome has been completed, giving a better understanding of the organism's genealogy and taxonomy, and the role it plays in the ecosystem. <ref>[http://cmr.jcvi.org/cgi-bin/CMR/GenomePage.cgi?org=nthw01 [[J. Craig Venter Institute]]]</ref>

== Cell Structure and Metabolism ==
''Haloquadra walsbyi'' has a unique cell shape--that of an extremely thin square, its best-known characteristic. The cells possess an abundance of intracellular refractile bodies known as gas vacuoles- vacuoles filled with gas which provide buoyancy- maintaining upper position in the water column. Individual square cells are joined with others to form large sheets, sometimes as large as 40 microns. These sheets are extremely fragile and the connections between the cells are easily broken.

Its mode of metabolism is not completely known; complete genetic information will give researchers necessary insight.

== Ecology ==
''Haloquadra walsbyi'' was first noticed and taken from saline pools in Egypt, but it can be found in hypersaline bodies of water all over the world. Evaporation of water in these pools leaves high concentrations of salt, making for ''Haloquadra walsbyi'''s optimal growth environment. According to Bolhuis et al., "In this sense, they are the most hyperhalophilic organisms known, as further concentration of the magnesium salts (bitterns) leads to sterility of the brines." Their precise role in the ecosystem is not known for sure, but because of its unique morphology learning more about it will surely provide some information on the evolution and morphological adaptation of archaeans.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
===Scientific journals===
* {{ cite journal | author = Burns DG, Camakaris HM, Janssen PH, Dyall-Smith ML | date = 2004 | title = Cultivation of Walsby's square haloarchaeon | journal = FEMS Microbiol. Lett. | volume = 238 | pages = 469–73 | pmid = 15358434 | issue = 2 | doi = 10.1016/j.femsle.2004.08.016}}
* {{ cite journal | author = Oren A, Ventosa A | date = 2000 | title = International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae. Minutes of the meetings, 16 August 1999, Sydney, Australia | journal = Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. | volume = 50 | pages = 1405–7 | pmid = 10843089}}

===Scientific books===
* {{ cite book |last=Gibbons |first=NE |date=1974 |chapter=Family V. Halobacteriaceae fam. nov. |title=Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology |edition=8th |editor=RE Buchanan and NE Gibbons, eds. |publisher=The Williams & Wilkins Co. |location=Baltimore |isbn=0683011170}}

===Scientific databases===

{{Taxonomic references|taxon=Haloquadratum}}

==External links==
* [http://cmr.jcvi.org/cgi-bin/CMR/shared/MakeFrontPages.cgi?page=batchdownload Genome sequence]
* [http://www.biochem.mpg.de/en/rd/oesterhelt/web_page_list/Org_Hqwal/ Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry]
{{Taxonomic links|microbe=yes|NCBI_taxID=293431|taxoname=Haloquadratum|LSPN_letter=h|LSPN_taxoname=haloquadratum}}

[[Category:Archaea genera]]
[[Category:Halophiles]]

{{archaea-stub}}

[[cs:Haloquadratum]]
[[es:Haloquadra]]
[[fr:Bactéries carrées de Walsby]]
[[ja:ハロクアドラトゥム・ワルスビイ]]