Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Interstate 86 (Ost)

2006-11-09T21:27:30Z

64.12.117.8:

:''Interstate 86 was once assigned to what is now [[Interstate 84 (east)|Interstate 84]] east of [[East Hartford, Connecticut]]; see [[Interstate 86 (Connecticut-Massachusetts)]].''
{{Routeboxint
|year_established=1999
|type=Main
|route_type=reg
|map=Interstate 86 E Future map.png
|direction_a=West
|direction_b=East
|article_route=86
|length_mi=191.6<ref name="mapquest">[[MapQuest]] driving directions: [http://www.mapquest.com/directions/main.adp?do=nw&2n=Broome%20County&1y=US&r=f&mo=ma&1si=gaz&2s=NY&2c=Port%20Dickinson&2si=gaz&1da=%2d1%2e000000&1rc=A5XAX&2da=%2d1%2e000000&2rc=A5XAX&1n=Erie%20County&cl=EN&2v=CITY&did=1150755750&1gi=0&qq=1ADqpk24ofCW2E%252blbNiuKRuLR92XSgNUG1%252fnf9u9zgJPBwyfKONwHBc%252b%252fjNI3l6WJWezh8UXdHLTTYf8miGUPQqioiTNufIHiLj8iuY%252fR4AsHir%252b11272g%253d%253d&2gi=0&2y=US&un=m&1s=PA&1c=Erie&go=1&rsres=1&1v=CITY&ct=NA&1l=KNtC3noK8AQ=&1g=7DGUbnVFgv0=&2l=HGgpx5ce7ug=&2g=feWK7NRqDa4= part 1] and [http://www.mapquest.com/directions/main.adp?do=nw&2n=Rockland%20County&1y=US&r=f&mo=ma&2s=NY&1si=gaz&2c=Suffern&2si=gaz&1rc=A5XAX&2rc=A5XAX&cl=EN&1n=Broome%20County&2v=CITY&did=1150755912&qq=IEaKSvfsRsq5g4lrcIFMtMCZ%252bbHeRawU04pqD6fBZFrUXbhgh0RdJtqNb98RbIBNR6FCYJ8YMn%252fmwLXvA6w4O34C3dyQn4QzcMa3cMM4Iyvi1fCurfl4KB6dTF1qAOU65uX01ZdQzetqrg6EnGbwCQFGj3bwHeggZIhadGSwGhaIm7jGHB63MYvbUFlYzd6olieqt55266Sq1UeFl3FY4JzGUke8KlEOwljVB8V7rWY6ARIDDBkmVvJg90%252f6emxGDO0gj4bTUFV%252f%252fyr9ThCDZ0Q24Z6mODHvRskpiwmNoPRowNtbzn1kxf0387wzi6lPvUSsxVCCDW7snHcRrqAa%252bk9hp8npt3LeHfEY%252blcbA9n3Bt7KKcHCMg%253d%253d&2y=US&un=m&1s=NY&1c=Port%20Dickinson&go=1&rsres=1&1v=CITY&ct=NA&1l=HGgpx5ce7ug=&1g=feWK7NRqDa4=&2l=ihh8h31RRUw=&2g=rLgQaMqA+Gk= part 2]</ref>
|length_km=308.4
|direction_a=West
|terminus_a=[[Image:I-90.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 90|I-90]] near [[Erie, PA]]
|junction=[[Image:US 219.svg|25px]] [[US 219 (NY)|US 219]] near [[Salamanca, New York]] [[Image:I-390.svg|25px]] [[I-390 (NY)|I-390]] near [[Avoca (village), New York|Avoca, New York]] [[Image:US 15.svg|20px]] [[US 15 (NY)|US 15]] near [[Corning (city), New York|Corning, New York]]
|direction_b=East
|terminus_b=[[Image:NY-14.svg|20px]][[Image:NY-17.svg|20px]] [[NY 14]]/[[NY 17|17]] in [[Horseheads (village), New York|Horseheads, New York]]
|browse=
{{Infobox road/ADHS browse
|previous_route=S
|route=T
|next_route=U
}}
}}

'''Interstate 86''' ('''I-86''') is an [[Interstate Highway]] in the [[U.S. state]]s of [[New York]] and [[Pennsylvania]]. Known as the '''Southern Tier Expressway''' and '''Quickway''' (split by [[Interstate 81 (New York)|Interstate 81]] at [[Binghamton, New York]]), the route will connect [[Interstate 90 (Pennsylvania)|Interstate 90]] near [[Erie, Pennsylvania]] with [[Interstate 87 (New York)|Interstate 87]] ([[New York State Thruway]]) near [[Harriman, New York]]. As of October 2006, it runs east from I-90 to [[New York State Route 14]] in [[Horseheads (village), New York|Horseheads]] (near [[Elmira, New York|Elmira]]). In September 2006, a 9.9 mile section of [[New York State Route 17]] just east of Binghamton (between Exits 75 and 79) was designated as I-86, bringing the total length of highway designated as I-86 to 195 miles (with only 186 miles remaining to be designated). Once completed, I-86 will stretch 388 miles (624 km) across the [[Southern Tier of New York]] from I-90 to I-87,<ref name="mapquest"/> shorter than the 460 miles (740 km) along the flatter [[New York State Thruway]] to the north. These two alternate routes closely mirror the [[Erie Railroad]] along I-86 and the [[New York Central Railroad]] along the Thruway.

Several sections of NY 17 are not up to [[freeway]] or [[Interstate standards]], and need to be upgraded before I-86 can be designated along its full length. These substandard sections are located near [[Elmira, New York|Elmira]], Binghamton, and the [[Catskill Mountains]].

I-86 currently travels 6.99 miles<ref name="FHWA log">[http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/reports/routefinder/table1.htm Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System Of Interstate and Defense Highways as of October 31, 2002]</ref> (11.25 km) in [[Pennsylvania]] and 184.6 miles (297.1 km) in [[New York]].<ref name="mapquest"/> Except for a section of about 1.5 miles (2.5 km) that dips into Pennsylvania near [[Waverly, Tioga County, New York|Waverly, New York]] but is maintained by the [[New York State Department of Transportation]], the rest of I-86 will be in New York.

The Southern Tier Expressway section west of Binghamton is also '''Corridor T''' of the [[Appalachian Development Highway System]].

==Major cities==
*[[Erie, Pennsylvania]]
*[[Jamestown, New York]]
*[[Olean, New York]]
*[[Corning, New York]]
*[[Elmira, New York]]
*[[Binghamton, New York]]'' pending extension''

==Intersections with other interstates==
*[[Interstate 90]] near [[Erie, Pennsylvania]]
*[[Interstate 390]] near [[Avoca, New York]]
*Future [[Interstate 99]] in [[Painted Post, New York]]
*[[Interstate 81]] near [[Interstate 88 (east)|Interstate 88]] in Binghamton (once extended)
*[[Interstate 84 (east)|Interstate 84]] in [[Middletown, Orange County, New York|Middletown, New York]] (once extended)
*[[Interstate 87]] at [[Harriman, New York]] (once extended)

==Improvements necessary for Interstate status==
*Elimination of at-grade intersections between exits 52 and 58 near [[Elmira, New York|Elmira]]
*Elimination of "Kamikaze Curve" just west of [[Interstate 81 (New York)|Interstate 81]] in Binghamton
*Elimination of at-grade intersections between exits 84 and 87 and between exits 97 and 99 in the [[Catskills]]
*Other [[interchange (road)|interchange]] improvements in the Catskills

==Route description==
===Pennsylvania to Olean===
I-86 begins at [[Interstate 90 (Pennsylvania)|Interstate 90]] in a relatively flat area of northwestern [[Pennsylvania]], and crosses into [[New York]], heading towards [[Chautauqua Lake]]. This piece was built along a new alignment in the 1980s as a [[two-lane freeway]] and widened to four lanes in 1996.<ref>[http://www.pahighways.com/interstates/I86.html Pennsylvania Highways: Interstate 86]</ref>

After crossing Chautauqua Lake, I-86 merges into an older section of freeway at exit 10 near [[Bemus Point, New York|Bemus Point]]; this freeway is now [[New York State Route 954J|NY Route 954J]] northwest of the newer extension. NY 954J runs into [[NY Route 430]], which (along with [[NY Route 394]]) carried NY 17 to [[Westfield, New York|Westfield]] before the 1980s extension. From Bemus Point to [[Jamestown, New York|Jamestown]] (exit 12), I-86 parallels the old NY 17 - now [[NY Route 430]] - along the northeast shore of Chautauqua Lake. The [[Erie Railroad]] extension to [[Chicago]] (built as the [[Atlantic and Great Western Railroad]]) comes into Jamestown from the southwest, and parallels I-86 to its junction with the Erie's original main line to [[Dunkirk, New York|Dunkirk]] at [[Salamanca, New York|Salamanca]].

From Jamestown to Salamanca, the old NY 17 (now mostly [[NY Route 394]]), the new I-86 and the railroad run generally parallel through river [[valley]]s. The transportation routes run along the [[Chadakoin River]], [[Conewango Creek]] and [[Little Conewango Creek]] to [[Steamburg, New York|Steamburg]] (exit 17), cutting east to the [[Allegheny River]] at [[Coldspring, New York|Coldspring]] there. The valley of the Allegheny takes the routes to [[Salamanca, New York|Salamanca]] (exit 20), where the railroads merged, and beyond to [[Olean, New York|Olean]] (25). From Salamanca to Olean, the old NY 17 is now [[NY Route 417]]. At Olean, the Allegheny River and NY 417 (old NY 17) continue southeast, while I-86 and the Erie Railroad head northeast. NY 417 does not return to I-86 until exit 44 near [[Painted Post, New York|Painted Post]], and the Erie switches between the two alignments several times.

===Olean to Elmira===
I-86 and the Erie run northeast along the valleys of the [[Olean Creek]] and [[Oil Creek (Allegheny River)|Oil Creek]] to [[Cuba, New York|Cuba]] (exit 28). From Cuba to [[Friendship, New York|Friendship]] (exit 29), they run through a valley and over a summit, then following the [[Van Campen Creek]] northeast to [[Belvidere, New York|Belvidere]] (exit 30). At Belvidere, the Erie turns southeast to meet NY 417 at [[Wellsville, New York|Wellsville]], but I-86 continues northeast through the valleys of the [[Genesee River]] and [[Angelica Creek]] to [[Angelica, New York|Angelica]] (exit 31), and then east along the Angelica Creek, over a summit, and along the [[Karr Valley Creek]] to [[Almond, New York|Almond]] (exit 33). This summit, at 2110 feet (643 m) above [[sea level]], is the highest point along I-86, located between exits 32 ([[West Almond, New York|West Almond]]) and 33 and marked with a sign.<ref>[http://www.okroads.com/guides/i86ny_eb1.html OKRoads -- Interstate 86 New York - Eastbound - Pennsylvania State Line to Almond]</ref>

At Almond, I-86 rejoins the Erie Railroad, passing through the [[Canacadea Creek]] valley about halfway to [[Hornellsville, New York|Hornellsville]]. However, where the railroad turns southeast to Hornellsville, I-86 continues northeast across a summit and into the wide [[Canisteo River]] valley (exit 34). It leaves the valley along the [[Carrington Creek]], but quickly turns east across a summit to follow the [[Big Creek (New York)|Big Creek]] and cross another summit to [[Howard, New York|Howard]] (exit 35). I-86 runs alongside [[Goff Creek]] from Howard to the wide [[Cohocton River]] valley, where it meets the south end of [[Interstate 390 (New York)|Interstate 390]] (exit 36) near Avoca and turns southeast through that valley, parallel to the Erie's [[Rochester, New York|Rochester]]-[[Painted Post, New York|Painted Post]] line ([[Buffalo, New York and Erie Railroad]]).

I-86, [[NY Route 415]] (old [[U.S. Route 15 (New York)|U.S. Route 15]]) and the Erie branch all run southeast along the Cohocton River past [[Bath, New York|Bath]] (exit 38) to [[Painted Post, New York|Painted Post]] (exit 44), now the north end of US 15. NY 417 - old NY 17 - also ends at exit 44, while NY 415 continues east into Corning (exits 45-46). From Painted Post through Corning to [[Big Flats, New York|Big Flats]] (exit 49), I-86, [[NY Route 352]] (old NY 17) and the Erie Railroad run through the [[Chemung River]] valley. NY 352 begins at exit 45, west of downtown Corning, and is a recently-bypassed four-lane road through Corning. East of [[East Corning, New York|East Corning]] (exit 48), the freeway was built as an on-the-spot upgrade of the old NY 17.

At Big Flats, the Chemung River (and NY 352) turns southeast to downtown [[Elmira, New York|Elmira]], while I-86 and the Erie continue east-northeast alongside [[Singsing Creek]] and across a low summit before turning south at [[Horseheads, New York|Horseheads]] along [[Newtown Creek, New York|Newtown Creek]] to Elmira. The present end of I-86 is at [[NY Route 14]] (exit 52) in Horseheads.

The surface road immediately thereafter crosses several major arterial roads in a fully developed area, which has
made this one of the most expensive sections to upgrade. Construction is underway to upgrade it to a freeway, by building a large arrangement of embankments and bridges. Another non-freeway section is present just east of the Elmira area, in a less developed area.

===Elmira to Harriman===
[[Image:State border sign on NY 17.jpg|thumb|left|275px|Sign along eastbound 17/86 marking return to New York after brief crossing into Pennsylvania.]]
From Elmira to Binghamton, I-86, the Erie Railroad, and the old alignments of NY 17 generally stay close together. They follow the Chemung River to exit 60 ([[South Waverly, Pennsylvania]]) and the [[Susquehanna River]] from east of exit 61 ([[Waverly, New York]]) to Binghamton; on the latter section, both [[NY Route 17C]] and [[NY Route 434]] are old NY 17. Between the two rivers, which intersect in Pennsylvania, the general corridor runs just north of the state line in New York. However, I-86 itself crosses into Pennsylvania between a point west of exit 60 and a point west of exit 61; additionally, all the ramps at exit 60 and potions of the eastbound ramps at exits 59A and 61 are in Pennsylvania. Despite being in Pennsylvania, these roadways are maintained by the [[New York State Department of Transportation]].

Near downtown Binghamton, I-86 goes around the side of Prospect Mountain at what is locally known as "Kamikaze Curve". Heading eastbound, the freeway curves sharply left around the hillside, splits into ramps to [[Interstate 81 (New York)|Interstate 81]] north and south, and curves right to merge into I-81 south as it passes over the [[Chenango River]]. From that point east and southeast about 4 miles (6 km), I-81 and I-86 run [[concurrent (road)|concurrent]]ly. I-86 splits from I-81, the Erie Railroad and the Susquehanna River to the east into [[Stilson Hollow]]; from this split (exit 75) to its end, most of I-86 does not follow the Erie Railroad, which crosses into Pennsylvania several times.

At the end of Stilson Hollow, I-86 heads over a summit and into the valley formed by the [[Occanum Creek]]. The creek empties into the [[Susquehanna River]] at [[Windsor, New York|Windsor]] (exit 79), which I-86 follows southeast to [[Damascus, New York|Damascus]] (exit 80) before turning northeast along [[Tuscarora Creek (New York)|Tuscarora Creek]]. It soon turns east and southeast over a summit, rejoining the [[Erie Railroad]] just north of [[Gulf Summit, New York|Gulf Summit]]. The highway and railroad head east along [[Oquaga Creek]] to [[Deposit, New York|Deposit]] (exit 84), where they turn southeast along the [[West Branch Delaware River]]. A gap in the freeway stretches from here to just short of [[Hancock, New York|Hancock]] (exit 87), the place the West Branch joins with the [[East Branch Delaware River]]. The Erie Railroad continues southeast along the combined [[Delaware River]], while I-86 turns east along the valley formed by the East Branch, closely following the abandoned [[New York, Ontario and Western Railway]] to [[Liberty, New York|Liberty]].

At [[East Branch, New York|East Branch]] (exit 90), the East Branch Delaware River turns north, and I-86 continues east with the [[Beaver Kill]] to [[Roscoe, New York|Roscoe]] (exit 94), [[Willowemoc Creek]] to [[Livingston Manor, New York|Livingston Manor]] (exit 96), and [[Little Beaver Kill]] to [[Parksville, New York|Parksville]] (the exit 98 [[at-grade intersection]]). The highway and parallel NYO&W pass south over a summit to [[Liberty, New York|Liberty]] (exits 99-100), and continue along the [[Middle Mongaup River]] to [[Ferndale, New York|Ferndale]] (exit 101). The NYO&W turned east there, but I-86 continues south over a summit and into the [[Spring Brook (New York)|Spring Brook]] and [[East Mongaup River]] valleys past [[Harris, New York|Harris]] (exit 102). I-86 then cuts southeast cross-country to [[Monticello, New York|Monticello]] (exit 105) and beyond, following the old [[Newburgh and Cochecton Turnpike]] (old NY 17) to [[Bloomingburg, New York|Bloomingburg]] (exit 116). The old [[Middletown and Wurtsboro Turnpike]], also old NY 17, and partially [[NY Route 17M]], runs south to [[Middletown, New York|Middletown]], which I-86 cuts cross-country to bypass to the east, rejoining NY 17M - and the main line of the [[Erie Railroad]] - at [[Goshen, New York|Goshen]] (exit 123). I-86, old NY 17 (NY 17M) and the Erie run generally east-southeast, partly cross-country and partly through small stream valleys, to the end of I-86, the directional change in NY 17, and the junction of the Erie with its branch to [[Newburgh, New York|Newburgh]].

==Exit list==
Exits are numbered from west to east, in accordance with [[AASHTO]] guidelines.{{-}}
{| class=wikitable
!rowspan=2|Municipality
!rowspan=2|Mile
!colspan=2|[[Exit number|#]]
!rowspan=2|Destinations
!rowspan=2|Opened<ref name="NBI">[[National Bridge Inventory]]</ref>
!rowspan=2|Notes
|-
!Old
!
|-
!colspan=7|
===[[Erie County, PA]]===
|-
|[[Greenfield Township, PA]]
|0
|
|1
|[[Image:I-90.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 90 (Pennsylvania)|Interstate 90]] - [[Erie (PA)|Erie]]; [[Buffalo, New York]]
|ca. 1987
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance; split into 1A (west) and 1B (east); ramps are SR 8170
|-
|[[Greenfield Township, PA]]
|
|2
|3
|[[Pennsylvania Route 89|PA Route 89]] - [[North East (PA)|North East]]; [[Wattsburg (PA)|Wattsburg]]
|ca. 1987
|ramps are SR 8171
|}
The state line is at mile 6.99.
{| class=wikitable
!Municipality
!Mile
![[Exit number|#]]
!Destinations
!Opened<ref name="NBI">[[National Bridge Inventory]]</ref>
!Notes
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Chautauqua County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Mina, New York]]
|1.03
|4
|[[New York State Route 426|NY Route 426]] - [[Findley Lake, New York|Findley Lake]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Sherman (village), New York|Sherman, New York]]
|9.17
|6
|[[New York State Route 76|NY Route 76]] - [[Sherman, New York|Sherman]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[North Harmony, New York]]
|15.34
|7
|[[Panama, New York|Panama]]; [[Chautauqua Institution]]
|ca. 1982
|-
|[[North Harmony, New York]]
|18.86
|8
|[[New York State Route 394|NY Route 394]] - [[Mayville, New York|Mayville]]; [[Lakewood, New York|Lakewood]]
|ca. 1982
|-
|[[Ellery, New York]]
|20.22
|9
|[[New York State Route 430|NY Route 430]] east - Bemus Point
|ca. 1982
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|-
|[[Ellery, New York]]
|20.29
|10
|to [[New York State Route 430|NY Route 430]] - Bemus Point ([[New York State Route 954J|NY Route 954J]])
|ca. 1982
|-
|[[Ellicott, New York]]
|26.23
|11
|Strunk Road ([[New York State Route 953B|NY Route 953B]])
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Ellicott, New York]]
|28.00
|12
|[[New York State Route 60|NY Route 60]] - [[Jamestown, New York|Jamestown]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Ellicott, New York]]
|30.69
|13
|[[New York State Route 394|NY Route 394]] - [[Falconer, New York|Falconer]]
|ca. 1971
|-
|[[Poland, New York]]
|36.04
|14
|[[Image:US 62.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 62 (New York)|U.S. Route 62]] - [[Kennedy, New York|Kennedy]]; [[Warren, PA]]
|ca. 1968
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Cattaraugus County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Randolph, New York]]
|39.33
|15
|School House Road ([[New York State Route 953A|NY Route 953A]])
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Randolph (village), New York]]
|41.38
|16
|West Main Street - [[Randolph, New York|Randolph]]; [[Gowanda, New York|Gowanda]] ([[New York State Route 952M|NY Route 952M]])
|ca. 1968
|-
|Coldspring, New York
|47.88
|17
|[[New York State Route 394|NY Route 394]] - [[Steamburg, New York|Steamburg]]; [[Onoville, New York|Onoville]] ([[New York State Route 950A|NY Route 950A]])
|ca. 1967
|opened ca. 1971 between exits 16 and 17
|-
|Coldspring, New York
|50.61
|18
|[[New York State Route 280|NY Route 280]] - [[Allegany State Park]] [[Quaker Run Area]]
|ca. 1967
|-
|[[Red House, New York]]
|54.43
|19
|Allegany State Park [[Red House Area]]
|ca. 1970
|-
|[[Salamanca (city), New York|Salamanca, New York]]
|58.14
|20
|[[New York State Route 417|NY Route 417]]; [[New York State Route 353|NY Route 353]] - [[Salamanca, New York|Salamanca]]
|ca. 1980
|-
|[[Salamanca, New York]]
|60.45
|21
|[[Image:US 219.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 219 (New York)|U.S. Route 219]] north - Parkway Drive; [[Salamanca, New York|Salamanca]] ([[New York State Route 951M|NY Route 951M]])
|ca. 1980
|US 219 joins eastbound and leaves westbound
|-
|[[Carrollton, New York]]
|67.52
|23
|[[Image:US 219.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 219 (New York)|U.S. Route 219]] south - [[Limestone, New York|Limestone]]; [[Bradford, PA]] ([[New York State Route 954T|NY Route 954T]])
|ca. 1987
|US 219 joins westbound and leaves eastbound
|-
|[[Allegany, New York]]
|74.07
|24
|[[New York State Route 417|NY Route 417]] - Allegany; [[St. Bonaventure University]] ([[New York State Route 952W|NY Route 952W]])
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Olean, New York]]
|77.27
|25
|Buffalo Street - [[Olean, New York|Olean]] ([[New York State Route 954E|NY Route 954E]])
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Olean, New York]]
|78.77
|26
|[[New York State Route 16|NY Route 16]] - [[Olean, New York|Olean]]
|ca. 1972
|-
|[[Hinsdale, New York]]
|84.69
|27
|[[New York State Route 16|NY Route 16]]; [[New York State Route 446|NY Route 446]] - [[Hinsdale, New York|Hinsdale]]
|ca. 1972
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Allegany County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Cuba (village), New York]]
|91.35
|28
|[[New York State Route 305|NY Route 305]] - [[Cuba, New York|Cuba]]
|ca. 1972
|-
|[[Friendship, New York]]
|98.72
|29
|[[New York State Route 275|NY Route 275]] - [[Friendship, New York|Friendship]]; [[Bolivar, New York|Bolivar]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Amity, New York]]
|104.45
|30
|[[New York State Route 19|NY Route 19]] - [[Belmont, New York|Belmont]]; [[Wellsville, New York|Wellsville]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Angelica (village), New York]]
|108.55
|31
|Angelica
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[West Almond, New York]]
|115.78
|32
|[[West Almond, New York|West Almond]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Almond (village), New York]]
|123.61
|33
|[[New York State Route 21|NY Route 21]] - Almond; [[Andover, New York|Andover]] ([[New York State Route 962A|NY Route 962A]])
|ca. 1973
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Steuben County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Hornellsville, New York]]
|128.30
|34
|[[New York State Route 36|NY Route 36]] - [[Arkport, New York|Arkport]]; [[Hornell, New York|Hornell]]
|ca. 1970
|split into 34S (south) and 34N (north)
|-
|[[Howard, New York]]
|137.98
|35
|[[Howard, New York|Howard]] ([[New York State Route 962B|NY Route 962B]])
|ca. 1970
|-
|Avoca
|145.17
|36
|[[Image:I-390.svg|25px]] [[Interstate 390 (New York)|Interstate 390]] north; [[New York State Route 15|NY Route 15]] north - [[Rochester, New York|Rochester]]; Buffalo
|ca. 1973
|NY Route 15 joins eastbound and leaves westbound
|-
|Bath, New York
|146.30
|37
|[[New York State Route 53|NY Route 53]] - [[Kanona, New York|Kanona]]; [[Prattsburg, New York|Prattsburg]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Bath, New York]]
|149.50
|38
|[[New York State Route 54|NY Route 54]] - Bath; [[Hammondsport, New York|Hammondsport]]
|ca. 1971
|-
|[[Bath (town), New York|Town of Bath]]
|152.61
|39
|[[New York State Route 415|NY Route 415]] - Bath ([[New York State Route 960U|NY Route 960U]])
|ca. 1969
|-
|Bath, New York
|156.40
|40
|[[New York State Route 226|NY Route 226]] - [[Savona, New York|Savona]]
|ca. 1969
|-
|[[Campbell, New York]]
|161.20
|41
|[[County Route 333 (Steuben County, New York)|County Route 333]] - Campbell
|ca. 1967
|-
|Campbell
|165.24
|42
|[[Coopers Plains, New York|Coopers Plains]] ([[New York State Route 960M|NY Route 960M]])
|ca. 1967
|-
|[[Erwin, New York]]
|167.51
|43
|[[New York State Route 415|NY Route 415]] - [[Painted Post, New York|Painted Post]]
|ca. 1959
|-
|[[Erwin, New York]]
|168.64
|44
|[[Image:US 15.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 15 (New York)|U.S. Route 15]] south; [[New York State Route 417|NY Route 417]] west - [[Gang Mills, New York|Gang Mills]]; [[Williamsport, PA]]; [[Painted Post, New York|Painted Post]]
|ca. 1951 rebuilt ca. 1989
|NY Route 15 begins westbound and ends eastbound
|-
|[[Riverside, New York]]
|169.02
|45
|[[New York State Route 352|NY Route 352]] - [[Riverside, Steuben County, New York|Riverside]]; Downtown Corning
|ca. 1995
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|-
|[[Riverside, New York]]
|
|45
|[[New York State Route 415|NY Route 415]] - [[Riverside, Steuben County, New York|Riverside]]
|ca. 1995
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|Corning
|171.49
|46
|[[New York State Route 414|NY Route 414]] - [[Watkins Glen, New York|Watkins Glen]]; [[Corning Museum of Glass]]
|ca. 1985
|-
|Corning
|174.20
|47
|[[New York State Route 352|NY Route 352]] - [[Gibson, New York|Gibson]]; [[East Corning, New York|East Corning]]; Downtown Corning ([[New York State Route 961Q|NY Route 961Q]])
|ca. 1985
|-
|Corning
|176.57
|48
|[[New York State Route 352|NY Route 352]] - [[East Corning, New York|East Corning]] ([[New York State Route 961T|NY Route 961T]])
|ca. 1985
|-
!colspan=6|

===[[Chemung County, New York]]===
|-
|Big Flats
|178.85
|49
|Big Flats
|ca. 1985
|-
|Big Flats
|
|50
|[[County Route 63 (Chemung County, New York)|County Route 63]] - [[Regional Airport (Elmira)|Regional Airport]]; Kahler Road
|ca. 2003
|-
|Big Flats
|182.30
|51A
|Chambers Road - Shopping Malls; [[Regional Airport (Elmira)|Regional Airport]]
|ca. 1969
|-
|Big Flats
|
|51B
|Colonial Drive - Shopping Mall
|
|westbound exit only
|-
|Horseheads, New York
|
|52A
|Commerce Center Road ([[New York State Route 962E|NY Route 962E]])
|ca. 1970
|no westbound exit
|-
|[[Horseheads, New York]]
|184.35
|52B
|[[New York State Route 14|NY Route 14]] - [[Watkins Glen, New York|Watkins Glen]]; [[Elmira Heights, New York|Elmira Heights]] ([[New York State Route 962E|NY Route 962E]])
|ca. 1970
|split into 52S (south) and 52N (north) westbound
|-
!colspan=6|gap in freeway
|-
|[[Horseheads, New York]]
|186.02
|54
|[[New York State Route 13|NY Route 13]] - [[Ithaca, New York|Ithaca]]
|converted from at-grade intersection ca. 1996
|-
|[[Elmira, New York]]
|190.20
|56
|[[New York State Route 352|NY Route 352]] - [[Elmira, New York|Elmira]]; [[Jerusalem Hill, New York|Jerusalem Hill]]
|? rebuilt ca. 2002
|-
!colspan=6|gap in freeway
|-
|[[Ashland, Chemung County, New York|Ashland, New York]]
|195.98
|58
|[[County Route 2 (Chemung County, New York)|County Route 2]]; [[County Route 8 (Chemung County, New York)|County Route 8]]; [[County Route 60 (Chemung County, New York)|County Route 60]] - [[Lowman, New York|Lowman]]; [[Wellsburg, New York|Wellsburg]]
|ca. 2000
|-
|[[Chemung, New York]]
|201.26
|59
|[[New York State Route 427|NY Route 427]] - Chemung ([[New York State Route 961A|NY Route 961A]])
|ca. 1967
|-
|Chemung
|203.52
|59A
|[[Wilawana, Pennsylvania|Wilawana, PA]]
|ca. 1965
|-
!colspan=6|

===[[Bradford County, Pennsylvania]]===
|-
|[[South Waverly, Pennsylvania]]
|205.49
|60
|[[Image:US 220.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 220 (New York)|U.S. Route 220]] - [[Waverly, Tioga County, New York|Waverly, New York]]; [[Sayre, PA]]
|ca. 1971
|-
!colspan=6|

===[[Tioga County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Waverly, Tioga County, New York|Waverly, New York]]
|206.74
|61
|[[New York State Route 34|NY Route 34]]; [[Pennsylvania Route 199|PA Route 199]] - [[Waverly, Tioga County, New York|Waverly, New York]]; [[Sayre, PA]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Nichols, New York]]
|214.83
|62
|[[New York State Route 282|NY Route 282]] - [[Nichols, New York|Nichols]]
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Nichols, New York]]
|219.56
|63
|[[Lounsberry, New York|Lounsberry]]
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Owego (village), New York]]
|223.97
|64
|[[New York State Route 96|NY Route 96]] - [[Owego, New York|Owego]]; [[Ithaca, New York|Ithaca]] ([[New York State Route 962G|NY Route 962G]])
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Owego, New York]]
|225.80
|65
|[[New York State Route 17C|NY Route 17C]]; [[New York State Route 434|NY Route 434]] - [[Owego, New York|Owego]] ([[New York State Route 960J|NY Route 960J]])
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Owego, New York]]
|231.29
|66
|[[New York State Route 434|NY Route 434]]; [[New York State Route 17C|NY Route 17C]] - [[Apalachin, New York|Apalachin]] ([[New York State Route 962J|NY Route 962J]])
|ca. 1968
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Broome County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Vestal, New York]]
|237.33
|67
|[[New York State Route 26|NY Route 26]] to [[New York State Route 434|NY Route 434]] - [[Vestal, New York|Vestal]]; [[Endicott, New York|Endicott]]
|ca. 1969
|split into 67S (south) and 67N (north)
|-
|[[Vestal, New York]]
|238.13
|68
|Old Vestal Road
|ca. 1969
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|-
|[[Union, New York]]
|239.66
|69
|[[New York State Route 17C|NY Route 17C]] east - [[Westover, New York|Westover]]
|ca. 1969
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|-
|[[Union, New York]]
|
|69
|[[New York State Route 17C|NY Route 17C]] west - [[Endwell, New York|Endwell]]
|ca. 1971
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Union, New York]]
|241.79
|70
|[[New York State Route 201|NY Route 201]] south - [[Johnson City, New York|Johnson City]]; Shopping Mall ([[New York State Route 991C|NY Route 991C]])
|ca. 1971
|split into 70S (NY 201 south) and 70N (shopping mall)
|-
|[[Union, New York]] [[Dickinson, Broome County, New York|Dickinson, New York]]
|242.89
|71
|Airport Road - [[Greater Binghamton Airport]]; [[Johnson City, New York|Johnson City]]
|ca. 1971
|split into 71S (Johnson City) and 71N (Airport Road) westbound
|-
|Binghamton
|
|72
|Mygatt Street; Clinton Street
|ca. 1971
|westbound exit only
|-
|Binghamton
|245.08
|72
|[[Image:US 11.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 11 (New York)|U.S. Route 11]] - Front Street
|ca. 1966
|eastbound exit only
|-
|Binghamton
|245.21
|
|[[Image:I-81.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 81 (New York)|Interstate 81]] north to [[Interstate 88 (New York)|Interstate 88]] - [[Syracuse, New York|Syracuse]]; [[Albany, New York|Albany]]
|ca. 1966
|I-81 joins eastbound and leaves westbound
|-
|Binghamton
|245.69
|4
|[[New York State Route 7|NY Route 7]] - Binghamton; [[Hillcrest, New York]]
|ca. 1965
|split into 4S (south) and 4N (north)
|-
|Binghamton
|246.08
|3
|Broad Avenue
|ca. 1965
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Kirkwood, New York]]
|249.37
|3
|Industrial Park
|ca. 1963
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|-
|[[Kirkwood, New York]]
|249.62
|75
|[[Image:I-81.svg|20px]][[Image:US 11.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 81 (New York)|Interstate 81]] south; [[U.S. Route 11 (New York)|U.S. Route 11]] - [[Scranton, PA]]; Industrial Park ([[New York State Route 990G|NY Route 990G]])
|ca. 1963
|I-81 joins westbound and leaves eastbound; exit number signed westbound only
|-
|[[Kirkwood, New York]]
|251.31
|76
|Haskins Road; Foley Road
|ca. 2000
|-
|[[Windsor, New York]]
|
|77
|[[West Windsor, New York|West Windsor]]
|ca. 2000
|-
|[[Windsor, New York]]
|256.25
|78
|Dunbar Road - [[Occanum, New York|Occanum]]
|ca. 1961
|-
|[[Windsor (village), New York]]
|259.64
|79
|[[New York State Route 79|NY Route 79]] - [[Windsor, New York|Windsor]]
|ca. 1960
|-
|[[Windsor, New York]]
|261.69
|80
|[[Damascus, New York|Damascus]]
|ca. 1960
|-
|[[Windsor, New York]]
|264.39
|81
|East Bosket Road
|ca. 1960
|-
|[[Sanford, New York]]
|270.04
|82
|[[New York State Route 41|NY Route 41]] - [[McClure, New York|McClure]]; [[Sanford, New York|Sanford]]
|ca. 1960
|-
|[[Sanford, New York]]
|
|83
|[[Deposit, New York|Deposit]]; [[Oquaga Lake]]
|ca. 1960
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Delaware County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Deposit, New York]]
|274.62
|84
|[[New York State Route 8|NY Route 8]]; [[New York State Route 10|NY Route 10]] - [[Deposit, New York|Deposit]]; [[Walton, New York|Walton]] ([[New York State Route 990T|NY Route 990T]])
|ca. 1961
|-
!colspan=6|gap in freeway
|-
|[[Hancock (village), New York]]
|285.55
|87
|[[New York State Route 97|NY Route 97]] to [[New York State Route 268|NY Route 268]]; to [[Pennsylvania Route 191|PA Route 191]] - [[Hancock, New York|Hancock]]; [[Cadosia, New York|Cadosia]]
|ca. 1967
|-
|[[Hancock, New York]]
|
|87A
|[[New York State Route 268|NY Route 268]] - Cadosia; [[Hancock, New York|Hancock]] ([[New York State Route 990P|NY Route 990P]])
|ca. 1961
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Hancock, New York]]
|293.14
|89
|[[Fishs Eddy, New York|Fishs Eddy]]
|ca. 1961
|-
|[[Hancock, New York]]
|297.04
|90
|[[New York State Route 30|NY Route 30]] - [[East Branch, New York|East Branch]]; [[Downsville, New York|Downsville]]
|ca. 1961
|-
|[[Colchester, New York]]
|303.43
|92
|[[Horton, New York|Horton]]; [[Cooks Falls, New York|Cooks Falls]]
|ca. 1968
|-
|Colchester
|305.28
|93
|Cooks Falls
|ca. 1968
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Sullivan County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Rockland, New York]]
|310.73
|94
|[[Roscoe, New York|Roscoe]]
|ca. 1966
|-
|[[Rockland, New York]]
|316.71
|96
|[[Livingston Manor, New York|Livingston Manor]]
|ca. 1963
|-
|[[Rockland, New York]]
|318.89
|97
|[[Morsston, New York|Morsston]]
|ca. 1963
|-
!colspan=6|gap in freeway
|-
|[[Liberty, New York]]
|321.85
|98
|[[Cooley, New York|Cooley]]; [[Parksville, New York|Parksville]]
|
|at-grade intersection
|-
|[[Liberty, New York]]
|324.93
|99
|[[New York State Route 52|NY Route 52]]; [[New York State Route 55|NY Route 55]] - [[Liberty, New York|Liberty]]
|ca. 1956
|-
|[[Liberty, New York]]
|326.52
|100A
|[[New York State Route 55|NY Route 55]] to [[New York State Route 52|NY Route 52]] west - [[Liberty, New York|Liberty]]
|ca. 1956
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Liberty, New York]]
|326.99
|100
|[[New York State Route 52|NY Route 52]] - [[Liberty, New York|Liberty]]
|ca. 1956
|-
|[[Liberty, New York]]
|327.97
|101
|[[Ferndale, New York|Ferndale]]; [[Swan Lake, New York|Swan Lake]]
|ca. 1960
|no westbound entrance
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|332.14
|102
|[[Harris, New York|Harris]]; [[Bushville, New York|Bushville]]
|ca. 1960
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|334.87
|103
|Rapp Road
|ca. 1960
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|336.21
|104
|[[New York State Route 17B|NY Route 17B]] - Raceway; [[Monticello, New York|Monticello]]
|ca. 1957
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|337.56
|105
|[[New York State Route 42|NY Route 42]] - [[Monticello, New York|Monticello]]; [[Kiamesha, New York|Kiamesha]]
|ca. 1957
|split into 105A (south) and 105B (north)
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|339.67
|106
|[[Monticello, New York|Monticello]]
|ca. 1957
|no eastbound exit
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|340.85
|107
|[[Bridgeville, New York|Bridgeville]]; [[South Fallsburg, New York|South Fallsburg]]
|ca. 1957
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|342.71
|108
|Bridgeville
|ca. 1957
|eastbound exit and entrance
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|343.89
|109
|[[Rock Hill, New York|Rock Hill]]; [[Woodridge, New York|Woodridge]]
|ca. 1957
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|344.29
|110
|[[Lake Louise Marie]]; [[Wanaksink Lake]]
|ca. 1957
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|345.04
|111
|[[Wolf Lake (New York)|Wolf Lake]]
|ca. 1957
|eastbound exit and entrance
|-
|[[Mamakating, New York]]
|347.94
|112
|[[Masten Lake, New York|Masten Lake]]; [[Yankee Lake (New York)|Yankee Lake]]
|ca. 1955
|-
|[[Mamakating, New York]]
|350.25
|113
|[[Image:US 209.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 209 (New York)|U.S. Route 209]] - [[Wurtsboro, New York|Wurtsboro]]; [[Ellenville, New York|Ellenville]]
|ca. 1955
|-
|[[Mamakating, New York]]
|352.58
|114
|[[Wurtsboro, New York|Wurtsboro]]; [[Highview, New York|Highview]]
|ca. 1958
|westbound exit only
|-
|[[Mamakating, New York]]
|354.63
|115
|Burlingham Road
|ca. 1958
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Orange County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|355.23
|116
|[[New York State Route 17K|NY Route 17K]] - Bloomingburg; [[Montgomery, New York|Montgomery]]
|ca. 1958
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|
|118
|[[Fair Oaks, New York|Fair Oaks]]
|ca. 1958
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|359.50
|119
|[[New York State Route 302|NY Route 302]] - [[Pine Bush, New York|Pine Bush]]
|ca. 1949
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|362.23
|120
|[[New York State Route 211|NY Route 211]] - [[Middletown, New York|Middletown]]; [[Montgomery, New York|Montgomery]]
|ca. 1949
|split into 120W (west) and 120E (east) eastbound
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|363.15
|121
|[[Image:I-84.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 84 (New York)|Interstate 84]] - [[Port Jervis, New York|Port Jervis]]; [[Newburgh, New York|Newburgh]]
|ca. 1968
|split into 121W (west) and 121E (east)
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|
|122
|[[County Route 67 (Orange County, New York)|County Route 67]] - East Main Street; Crystal Run Road
|ca. 1947
|-
|[[Goshen (town), New York|Town of Goshen, New York]]
|
|122A
|Fletcher Street - [[Goshen, New York|Goshen]]
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Goshen (village), New York]]
|367.23
|123
|[[Image:US 6.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 6 (New York)|U.S. Route 6]] west; [[New York State Route 17M|NY Route 17M]] west - [[Middletown, New York|Middletown]]; [[Port Jervis, New York|Port Jervis]]
|ca. 1949
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance; US 6 and NY 17M join eastbound and leaves westbound
|-
|[[Goshen (village), New York]]
|367.62
|124
|[[New York State Route 17A|NY Route 17A]]; [[New York State Route 207|NY Route 207]] - [[Florida, Orange County, New York|Florida]]; [[Goshen, New York|Goshen]]
|ca. 1949
|-
|[[Goshen (village), New York]]
|368.43
|125
|[[New York State Route 17M|NY Route 17M]] east - South Street
|ca. 1949
|NY Route 17M joins westbound and leaves eastbound
|-
|[[Chester (village), New York]]
|371.69
|126
|[[New York State Route 94|NY Route 94]] - [[Chester (town), New York|Chester]]; [[Florida, Orange County, New York|Florida]]
|ca. 1954
|-
|Chester
|373.52
|127
|Greycourt Road - [[Sugar Loaf, New York|Sugar Loaf]]; [[Warwick, New York|Warwick]]
|ca. 1956
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Blooming Grove, New York]]
|
|128
|[[County Route 51 (Orange County, New York)|County Route 51]] - [[Oxford Depot, New York|Oxford Depot]]
|ca. 1956
|westbound exit only
|-
|Blooming Grove
|
|129
|Museum Village Road
|ca. 1956
|no westbound entrance
|-
|[[Monroe, New York]]
|377.02
|130
|[[New York State Route 208|NY Route 208]] - [[Monroe, New York|Monroe]]; [[Washingtonville, New York|Washingtonville]]
|ca. 1956
|-
|[[Woodbury, New York]]
|379.98
|130A
|[[Image:US 6.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 6 (New York)|U.S. Route 6]] east - [[Bear Mountain (Hudson Highlands)|Bear Mountain]]
|ca. 1994
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance; US 6 joins westbound and leaves eastbound
|-
|[[Woodbury, New York]]
|380.57
|131
|[[New York State Route 17|NY Route 17]] south to [[U.S. Route 6 (New York)|U.S. Route 6]] east; [[New York State Route 32|NY Route 32]] - [[Newburgh, New York|Newburgh]]; [[Suffern, New York|Suffern]]; [[Harriman, New York|Harriman]]
|ca. 1953
|-
|[[Woodbury, New York]]
|381.10
|
|[[Image:I-87.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 87 (New York)|Interstate 87]]; [[New York Thruway]] - [[New York, New York|New York]]; Albany
|ca. 1953
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|}

==References==
<references/>

{{interstates}}

{{start srbox}}
{{pa browse|previous_type=PA|previous_route=85|route=[[List of State Routes in Pennsylvania|PA]]|next_type=PA|next_route=86}}
{{ny browse|previous_type=State|previous_route=85A|route=[[List of State Routes in New York|NY]]|next_type=State|next_route=86}}
{{end box}}

[[Category:Interstate 86 (east)| ]]

Interstate 86 (Ost)

2006-11-09T21:26:48Z

64.12.117.8:

:''Interstate 86 was once assigned to what is now [[Interstate 84 (east)|Interstate 84]] east of [[East Hartford, Connecticut]]; see [[Interstate 86 (Connecticut-Massachusetts)]].''
{{Routeboxint
|year_established=1999
|type=Main
|route_type=reg
|map=Interstate 86 E Future map.png
|direction_a=West
|direction_b=East
|article_route=86
|length_mi=191.6<ref name="mapquest">[[MapQuest]] driving directions: [http://www.mapquest.com/directions/main.adp?do=nw&2n=Broome%20County&1y=US&r=f&mo=ma&1si=gaz&2s=NY&2c=Port%20Dickinson&2si=gaz&1da=%2d1%2e000000&1rc=A5XAX&2da=%2d1%2e000000&2rc=A5XAX&1n=Erie%20County&cl=EN&2v=CITY&did=1150755750&1gi=0&qq=1ADqpk24ofCW2E%252blbNiuKRuLR92XSgNUG1%252fnf9u9zgJPBwyfKONwHBc%252b%252fjNI3l6WJWezh8UXdHLTTYf8miGUPQqioiTNufIHiLj8iuY%252fR4AsHir%252b11272g%253d%253d&2gi=0&2y=US&un=m&1s=PA&1c=Erie&go=1&rsres=1&1v=CITY&ct=NA&1l=KNtC3noK8AQ=&1g=7DGUbnVFgv0=&2l=HGgpx5ce7ug=&2g=feWK7NRqDa4= part 1] and [http://www.mapquest.com/directions/main.adp?do=nw&2n=Rockland%20County&1y=US&r=f&mo=ma&2s=NY&1si=gaz&2c=Suffern&2si=gaz&1rc=A5XAX&2rc=A5XAX&cl=EN&1n=Broome%20County&2v=CITY&did=1150755912&qq=IEaKSvfsRsq5g4lrcIFMtMCZ%252bbHeRawU04pqD6fBZFrUXbhgh0RdJtqNb98RbIBNR6FCYJ8YMn%252fmwLXvA6w4O34C3dyQn4QzcMa3cMM4Iyvi1fCurfl4KB6dTF1qAOU65uX01ZdQzetqrg6EnGbwCQFGj3bwHeggZIhadGSwGhaIm7jGHB63MYvbUFlYzd6olieqt55266Sq1UeFl3FY4JzGUke8KlEOwljVB8V7rWY6ARIDDBkmVvJg90%252f6emxGDO0gj4bTUFV%252f%252fyr9ThCDZ0Q24Z6mODHvRskpiwmNoPRowNtbzn1kxf0387wzi6lPvUSsxVCCDW7snHcRrqAa%252bk9hp8npt3LeHfEY%252blcbA9n3Bt7KKcHCMg%253d%253d&2y=US&un=m&1s=NY&1c=Port%20Dickinson&go=1&rsres=1&1v=CITY&ct=NA&1l=HGgpx5ce7ug=&1g=feWK7NRqDa4=&2l=ihh8h31RRUw=&2g=rLgQaMqA+Gk= part 2]</ref>
|length_km=308.4
|direction_a=West
|terminus_a=[[Image:I-90.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 90|I-90]] near [[Erie, PA]]
|junction=[[Image:US 219.svg|25px]] [[US 219 (NY)|US 219]] near [[Olean, New York]] [[Image:I-390.svg|25px]] [[I-390 (NY)|I-390]] near [[Avoca (village), New York|Avoca, New York]] [[Image:US 15.svg|20px]] [[US 15 (NY)|US 15]] near [[Corning (city), New York|Corning, New York]]
|direction_b=East
|terminus_b=[[Image:NY-14.svg|20px]][[Image:NY-17.svg|20px]] [[NY 14]]/[[NY 17|17]] in [[Horseheads (village), New York|Horseheads, New York]]
|browse=
{{Infobox road/ADHS browse
|previous_route=S
|route=T
|next_route=U
}}
}}

'''Interstate 86''' ('''I-86''') is an [[Interstate Highway]] in the [[U.S. state]]s of [[New York]] and [[Pennsylvania]]. Known as the '''Southern Tier Expressway''' and '''Quickway''' (split by [[Interstate 81 (New York)|Interstate 81]] at [[Binghamton, New York]]), the route will connect [[Interstate 90 (Pennsylvania)|Interstate 90]] near [[Erie, Pennsylvania]] with [[Interstate 87 (New York)|Interstate 87]] ([[New York State Thruway]]) near [[Harriman, New York]]. As of October 2006, it runs east from I-90 to [[New York State Route 14]] in [[Horseheads (village), New York|Horseheads]] (near [[Elmira, New York|Elmira]]). In September 2006, a 9.9 mile section of [[New York State Route 17]] just east of Binghamton (between Exits 75 and 79) was designated as I-86, bringing the total length of highway designated as I-86 to 195 miles (with only 186 miles remaining to be designated). Once completed, I-86 will stretch 388 miles (624 km) across the [[Southern Tier of New York]] from I-90 to I-87,<ref name="mapquest"/> shorter than the 460 miles (740 km) along the flatter [[New York State Thruway]] to the north. These two alternate routes closely mirror the [[Erie Railroad]] along I-86 and the [[New York Central Railroad]] along the Thruway.

Several sections of NY 17 are not up to [[freeway]] or [[Interstate standards]], and need to be upgraded before I-86 can be designated along its full length. These substandard sections are located near [[Elmira, New York|Elmira]], Binghamton, and the [[Catskill Mountains]].

I-86 currently travels 6.99 miles<ref name="FHWA log">[http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/reports/routefinder/table1.htm Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System Of Interstate and Defense Highways as of October 31, 2002]</ref> (11.25 km) in [[Pennsylvania]] and 184.6 miles (297.1 km) in [[New York]].<ref name="mapquest"/> Except for a section of about 1.5 miles (2.5 km) that dips into Pennsylvania near [[Waverly, Tioga County, New York|Waverly, New York]] but is maintained by the [[New York State Department of Transportation]], the rest of I-86 will be in New York.

The Southern Tier Expressway section west of Binghamton is also '''Corridor T''' of the [[Appalachian Development Highway System]].

==Major cities==
*[[Erie, Pennsylvania]]
*[[Jamestown, New York]]
*[[Olean, New York]]
*[[Corning, New York]]
*[[Elmira, New York]]
*[[Binghamton, New York]]'' pending extension''

==Intersections with other interstates==
*[[Interstate 90]] near [[Erie, Pennsylvania]]
*[[Interstate 390]] near [[Avoca, New York]]
*Future [[Interstate 99]] in [[Painted Post, New York]]
*[[Interstate 81]] near [[Interstate 88 (east)|Interstate 88]] in Binghamton (once extended)
*[[Interstate 84 (east)|Interstate 84]] in [[Middletown, Orange County, New York|Middletown, New York]] (once extended)
*[[Interstate 87]] at [[Harriman, New York]] (once extended)

==Improvements necessary for Interstate status==
*Elimination of at-grade intersections between exits 52 and 58 near [[Elmira, New York|Elmira]]
*Elimination of "Kamikaze Curve" just west of [[Interstate 81 (New York)|Interstate 81]] in Binghamton
*Elimination of at-grade intersections between exits 84 and 87 and between exits 97 and 99 in the [[Catskills]]
*Other [[interchange (road)|interchange]] improvements in the Catskills

==Route description==
===Pennsylvania to Olean===
I-86 begins at [[Interstate 90 (Pennsylvania)|Interstate 90]] in a relatively flat area of northwestern [[Pennsylvania]], and crosses into [[New York]], heading towards [[Chautauqua Lake]]. This piece was built along a new alignment in the 1980s as a [[two-lane freeway]] and widened to four lanes in 1996.<ref>[http://www.pahighways.com/interstates/I86.html Pennsylvania Highways: Interstate 86]</ref>

After crossing Chautauqua Lake, I-86 merges into an older section of freeway at exit 10 near [[Bemus Point, New York|Bemus Point]]; this freeway is now [[New York State Route 954J|NY Route 954J]] northwest of the newer extension. NY 954J runs into [[NY Route 430]], which (along with [[NY Route 394]]) carried NY 17 to [[Westfield, New York|Westfield]] before the 1980s extension. From Bemus Point to [[Jamestown, New York|Jamestown]] (exit 12), I-86 parallels the old NY 17 - now [[NY Route 430]] - along the northeast shore of Chautauqua Lake. The [[Erie Railroad]] extension to [[Chicago]] (built as the [[Atlantic and Great Western Railroad]]) comes into Jamestown from the southwest, and parallels I-86 to its junction with the Erie's original main line to [[Dunkirk, New York|Dunkirk]] at [[Salamanca, New York|Salamanca]].

From Jamestown to Salamanca, the old NY 17 (now mostly [[NY Route 394]]), the new I-86 and the railroad run generally parallel through river [[valley]]s. The transportation routes run along the [[Chadakoin River]], [[Conewango Creek]] and [[Little Conewango Creek]] to [[Steamburg, New York|Steamburg]] (exit 17), cutting east to the [[Allegheny River]] at [[Coldspring, New York|Coldspring]] there. The valley of the Allegheny takes the routes to [[Salamanca, New York|Salamanca]] (exit 20), where the railroads merged, and beyond to [[Olean, New York|Olean]] (25). From Salamanca to Olean, the old NY 17 is now [[NY Route 417]]. At Olean, the Allegheny River and NY 417 (old NY 17) continue southeast, while I-86 and the Erie Railroad head northeast. NY 417 does not return to I-86 until exit 44 near [[Painted Post, New York|Painted Post]], and the Erie switches between the two alignments several times.

===Olean to Elmira===
I-86 and the Erie run northeast along the valleys of the [[Olean Creek]] and [[Oil Creek (Allegheny River)|Oil Creek]] to [[Cuba, New York|Cuba]] (exit 28). From Cuba to [[Friendship, New York|Friendship]] (exit 29), they run through a valley and over a summit, then following the [[Van Campen Creek]] northeast to [[Belvidere, New York|Belvidere]] (exit 30). At Belvidere, the Erie turns southeast to meet NY 417 at [[Wellsville, New York|Wellsville]], but I-86 continues northeast through the valleys of the [[Genesee River]] and [[Angelica Creek]] to [[Angelica, New York|Angelica]] (exit 31), and then east along the Angelica Creek, over a summit, and along the [[Karr Valley Creek]] to [[Almond, New York|Almond]] (exit 33). This summit, at 2110 feet (643 m) above [[sea level]], is the highest point along I-86, located between exits 32 ([[West Almond, New York|West Almond]]) and 33 and marked with a sign.<ref>[http://www.okroads.com/guides/i86ny_eb1.html OKRoads -- Interstate 86 New York - Eastbound - Pennsylvania State Line to Almond]</ref>

At Almond, I-86 rejoins the Erie Railroad, passing through the [[Canacadea Creek]] valley about halfway to [[Hornellsville, New York|Hornellsville]]. However, where the railroad turns southeast to Hornellsville, I-86 continues northeast across a summit and into the wide [[Canisteo River]] valley (exit 34). It leaves the valley along the [[Carrington Creek]], but quickly turns east across a summit to follow the [[Big Creek (New York)|Big Creek]] and cross another summit to [[Howard, New York|Howard]] (exit 35). I-86 runs alongside [[Goff Creek]] from Howard to the wide [[Cohocton River]] valley, where it meets the south end of [[Interstate 390 (New York)|Interstate 390]] (exit 36) near Avoca and turns southeast through that valley, parallel to the Erie's [[Rochester, New York|Rochester]]-[[Painted Post, New York|Painted Post]] line ([[Buffalo, New York and Erie Railroad]]).

I-86, [[NY Route 415]] (old [[U.S. Route 15 (New York)|U.S. Route 15]]) and the Erie branch all run southeast along the Cohocton River past [[Bath, New York|Bath]] (exit 38) to [[Painted Post, New York|Painted Post]] (exit 44), now the north end of US 15. NY 417 - old NY 17 - also ends at exit 44, while NY 415 continues east into Corning (exits 45-46). From Painted Post through Corning to [[Big Flats, New York|Big Flats]] (exit 49), I-86, [[NY Route 352]] (old NY 17) and the Erie Railroad run through the [[Chemung River]] valley. NY 352 begins at exit 45, west of downtown Corning, and is a recently-bypassed four-lane road through Corning. East of [[East Corning, New York|East Corning]] (exit 48), the freeway was built as an on-the-spot upgrade of the old NY 17.

At Big Flats, the Chemung River (and NY 352) turns southeast to downtown [[Elmira, New York|Elmira]], while I-86 and the Erie continue east-northeast alongside [[Singsing Creek]] and across a low summit before turning south at [[Horseheads, New York|Horseheads]] along [[Newtown Creek, New York|Newtown Creek]] to Elmira. The present end of I-86 is at [[NY Route 14]] (exit 52) in Horseheads.

The surface road immediately thereafter crosses several major arterial roads in a fully developed area, which has
made this one of the most expensive sections to upgrade. Construction is underway to upgrade it to a freeway, by building a large arrangement of embankments and bridges. Another non-freeway section is present just east of the Elmira area, in a less developed area.

===Elmira to Harriman===
[[Image:State border sign on NY 17.jpg|thumb|left|275px|Sign along eastbound 17/86 marking return to New York after brief crossing into Pennsylvania.]]
From Elmira to Binghamton, I-86, the Erie Railroad, and the old alignments of NY 17 generally stay close together. They follow the Chemung River to exit 60 ([[South Waverly, Pennsylvania]]) and the [[Susquehanna River]] from east of exit 61 ([[Waverly, New York]]) to Binghamton; on the latter section, both [[NY Route 17C]] and [[NY Route 434]] are old NY 17. Between the two rivers, which intersect in Pennsylvania, the general corridor runs just north of the state line in New York. However, I-86 itself crosses into Pennsylvania between a point west of exit 60 and a point west of exit 61; additionally, all the ramps at exit 60 and potions of the eastbound ramps at exits 59A and 61 are in Pennsylvania. Despite being in Pennsylvania, these roadways are maintained by the [[New York State Department of Transportation]].

Near downtown Binghamton, I-86 goes around the side of Prospect Mountain at what is locally known as "Kamikaze Curve". Heading eastbound, the freeway curves sharply left around the hillside, splits into ramps to [[Interstate 81 (New York)|Interstate 81]] north and south, and curves right to merge into I-81 south as it passes over the [[Chenango River]]. From that point east and southeast about 4 miles (6 km), I-81 and I-86 run [[concurrent (road)|concurrent]]ly. I-86 splits from I-81, the Erie Railroad and the Susquehanna River to the east into [[Stilson Hollow]]; from this split (exit 75) to its end, most of I-86 does not follow the Erie Railroad, which crosses into Pennsylvania several times.

At the end of Stilson Hollow, I-86 heads over a summit and into the valley formed by the [[Occanum Creek]]. The creek empties into the [[Susquehanna River]] at [[Windsor, New York|Windsor]] (exit 79), which I-86 follows southeast to [[Damascus, New York|Damascus]] (exit 80) before turning northeast along [[Tuscarora Creek (New York)|Tuscarora Creek]]. It soon turns east and southeast over a summit, rejoining the [[Erie Railroad]] just north of [[Gulf Summit, New York|Gulf Summit]]. The highway and railroad head east along [[Oquaga Creek]] to [[Deposit, New York|Deposit]] (exit 84), where they turn southeast along the [[West Branch Delaware River]]. A gap in the freeway stretches from here to just short of [[Hancock, New York|Hancock]] (exit 87), the place the West Branch joins with the [[East Branch Delaware River]]. The Erie Railroad continues southeast along the combined [[Delaware River]], while I-86 turns east along the valley formed by the East Branch, closely following the abandoned [[New York, Ontario and Western Railway]] to [[Liberty, New York|Liberty]].

At [[East Branch, New York|East Branch]] (exit 90), the East Branch Delaware River turns north, and I-86 continues east with the [[Beaver Kill]] to [[Roscoe, New York|Roscoe]] (exit 94), [[Willowemoc Creek]] to [[Livingston Manor, New York|Livingston Manor]] (exit 96), and [[Little Beaver Kill]] to [[Parksville, New York|Parksville]] (the exit 98 [[at-grade intersection]]). The highway and parallel NYO&W pass south over a summit to [[Liberty, New York|Liberty]] (exits 99-100), and continue along the [[Middle Mongaup River]] to [[Ferndale, New York|Ferndale]] (exit 101). The NYO&W turned east there, but I-86 continues south over a summit and into the [[Spring Brook (New York)|Spring Brook]] and [[East Mongaup River]] valleys past [[Harris, New York|Harris]] (exit 102). I-86 then cuts southeast cross-country to [[Monticello, New York|Monticello]] (exit 105) and beyond, following the old [[Newburgh and Cochecton Turnpike]] (old NY 17) to [[Bloomingburg, New York|Bloomingburg]] (exit 116). The old [[Middletown and Wurtsboro Turnpike]], also old NY 17, and partially [[NY Route 17M]], runs south to [[Middletown, New York|Middletown]], which I-86 cuts cross-country to bypass to the east, rejoining NY 17M - and the main line of the [[Erie Railroad]] - at [[Goshen, New York|Goshen]] (exit 123). I-86, old NY 17 (NY 17M) and the Erie run generally east-southeast, partly cross-country and partly through small stream valleys, to the end of I-86, the directional change in NY 17, and the junction of the Erie with its branch to [[Newburgh, New York|Newburgh]].

==Exit list==
Exits are numbered from west to east, in accordance with [[AASHTO]] guidelines.{{-}}
{| class=wikitable
!rowspan=2|Municipality
!rowspan=2|Mile
!colspan=2|[[Exit number|#]]
!rowspan=2|Destinations
!rowspan=2|Opened<ref name="NBI">[[National Bridge Inventory]]</ref>
!rowspan=2|Notes
|-
!Old
!
|-
!colspan=7|
===[[Erie County, PA]]===
|-
|[[Greenfield Township, PA]]
|0
|
|1
|[[Image:I-90.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 90 (Pennsylvania)|Interstate 90]] - [[Erie (PA)|Erie]]; [[Buffalo, New York]]
|ca. 1987
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance; split into 1A (west) and 1B (east); ramps are SR 8170
|-
|[[Greenfield Township, PA]]
|
|2
|3
|[[Pennsylvania Route 89|PA Route 89]] - [[North East (PA)|North East]]; [[Wattsburg (PA)|Wattsburg]]
|ca. 1987
|ramps are SR 8171
|}
The state line is at mile 6.99.
{| class=wikitable
!Municipality
!Mile
![[Exit number|#]]
!Destinations
!Opened<ref name="NBI">[[National Bridge Inventory]]</ref>
!Notes
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Chautauqua County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Mina, New York]]
|1.03
|4
|[[New York State Route 426|NY Route 426]] - [[Findley Lake, New York|Findley Lake]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Sherman (village), New York|Sherman, New York]]
|9.17
|6
|[[New York State Route 76|NY Route 76]] - [[Sherman, New York|Sherman]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[North Harmony, New York]]
|15.34
|7
|[[Panama, New York|Panama]]; [[Chautauqua Institution]]
|ca. 1982
|-
|[[North Harmony, New York]]
|18.86
|8
|[[New York State Route 394|NY Route 394]] - [[Mayville, New York|Mayville]]; [[Lakewood, New York|Lakewood]]
|ca. 1982
|-
|[[Ellery, New York]]
|20.22
|9
|[[New York State Route 430|NY Route 430]] east - Bemus Point
|ca. 1982
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|-
|[[Ellery, New York]]
|20.29
|10
|to [[New York State Route 430|NY Route 430]] - Bemus Point ([[New York State Route 954J|NY Route 954J]])
|ca. 1982
|-
|[[Ellicott, New York]]
|26.23
|11
|Strunk Road ([[New York State Route 953B|NY Route 953B]])
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Ellicott, New York]]
|28.00
|12
|[[New York State Route 60|NY Route 60]] - [[Jamestown, New York|Jamestown]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Ellicott, New York]]
|30.69
|13
|[[New York State Route 394|NY Route 394]] - [[Falconer, New York|Falconer]]
|ca. 1971
|-
|[[Poland, New York]]
|36.04
|14
|[[Image:US 62.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 62 (New York)|U.S. Route 62]] - [[Kennedy, New York|Kennedy]]; [[Warren, PA]]
|ca. 1968
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Cattaraugus County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Randolph, New York]]
|39.33
|15
|School House Road ([[New York State Route 953A|NY Route 953A]])
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Randolph (village), New York]]
|41.38
|16
|West Main Street - [[Randolph, New York|Randolph]]; [[Gowanda, New York|Gowanda]] ([[New York State Route 952M|NY Route 952M]])
|ca. 1968
|-
|Coldspring, New York
|47.88
|17
|[[New York State Route 394|NY Route 394]] - [[Steamburg, New York|Steamburg]]; [[Onoville, New York|Onoville]] ([[New York State Route 950A|NY Route 950A]])
|ca. 1967
|opened ca. 1971 between exits 16 and 17
|-
|Coldspring, New York
|50.61
|18
|[[New York State Route 280|NY Route 280]] - [[Allegany State Park]] [[Quaker Run Area]]
|ca. 1967
|-
|[[Red House, New York]]
|54.43
|19
|Allegany State Park [[Red House Area]]
|ca. 1970
|-
|[[Salamanca (city), New York|Salamanca, New York]]
|58.14
|20
|[[New York State Route 417|NY Route 417]]; [[New York State Route 353|NY Route 353]] - [[Salamanca, New York|Salamanca]]
|ca. 1980
|-
|[[Salamanca, New York]]
|60.45
|21
|[[Image:US 219.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 219 (New York)|U.S. Route 219]] north - Parkway Drive; [[Salamanca, New York|Salamanca]] ([[New York State Route 951M|NY Route 951M]])
|ca. 1980
|US 219 joins eastbound and leaves westbound
|-
|[[Carrollton, New York]]
|67.52
|23
|[[Image:US 219.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 219 (New York)|U.S. Route 219]] south - [[Limestone, New York|Limestone]]; [[Bradford, PA]] ([[New York State Route 954T|NY Route 954T]])
|ca. 1987
|US 219 joins westbound and leaves eastbound
|-
|[[Allegany, New York]]
|74.07
|24
|[[New York State Route 417|NY Route 417]] - Allegany; [[St. Bonaventure University]] ([[New York State Route 952W|NY Route 952W]])
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Olean, New York]]
|77.27
|25
|Buffalo Street - [[Olean, New York|Olean]] ([[New York State Route 954E|NY Route 954E]])
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Olean, New York]]
|78.77
|26
|[[New York State Route 16|NY Route 16]] - [[Olean, New York|Olean]]
|ca. 1972
|-
|[[Hinsdale, New York]]
|84.69
|27
|[[New York State Route 16|NY Route 16]]; [[New York State Route 446|NY Route 446]] - [[Hinsdale, New York|Hinsdale]]
|ca. 1972
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Allegany County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Cuba (village), New York]]
|91.35
|28
|[[New York State Route 305|NY Route 305]] - [[Cuba, New York|Cuba]]
|ca. 1972
|-
|[[Friendship, New York]]
|98.72
|29
|[[New York State Route 275|NY Route 275]] - [[Friendship, New York|Friendship]]; [[Bolivar, New York|Bolivar]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Amity, New York]]
|104.45
|30
|[[New York State Route 19|NY Route 19]] - [[Belmont, New York|Belmont]]; [[Wellsville, New York|Wellsville]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Angelica (village), New York]]
|108.55
|31
|Angelica
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[West Almond, New York]]
|115.78
|32
|[[West Almond, New York|West Almond]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Almond (village), New York]]
|123.61
|33
|[[New York State Route 21|NY Route 21]] - Almond; [[Andover, New York|Andover]] ([[New York State Route 962A|NY Route 962A]])
|ca. 1973
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Steuben County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Hornellsville, New York]]
|128.30
|34
|[[New York State Route 36|NY Route 36]] - [[Arkport, New York|Arkport]]; [[Hornell, New York|Hornell]]
|ca. 1970
|split into 34S (south) and 34N (north)
|-
|[[Howard, New York]]
|137.98
|35
|[[Howard, New York|Howard]] ([[New York State Route 962B|NY Route 962B]])
|ca. 1970
|-
|Avoca
|145.17
|36
|[[Image:I-390.svg|25px]] [[Interstate 390 (New York)|Interstate 390]] north; [[New York State Route 15|NY Route 15]] north - [[Rochester, New York|Rochester]]; Buffalo
|ca. 1973
|NY Route 15 joins eastbound and leaves westbound
|-
|Bath, New York
|146.30
|37
|[[New York State Route 53|NY Route 53]] - [[Kanona, New York|Kanona]]; [[Prattsburg, New York|Prattsburg]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Bath, New York]]
|149.50
|38
|[[New York State Route 54|NY Route 54]] - Bath; [[Hammondsport, New York|Hammondsport]]
|ca. 1971
|-
|[[Bath (town), New York|Town of Bath]]
|152.61
|39
|[[New York State Route 415|NY Route 415]] - Bath ([[New York State Route 960U|NY Route 960U]])
|ca. 1969
|-
|Bath, New York
|156.40
|40
|[[New York State Route 226|NY Route 226]] - [[Savona, New York|Savona]]
|ca. 1969
|-
|[[Campbell, New York]]
|161.20
|41
|[[County Route 333 (Steuben County, New York)|County Route 333]] - Campbell
|ca. 1967
|-
|Campbell
|165.24
|42
|[[Coopers Plains, New York|Coopers Plains]] ([[New York State Route 960M|NY Route 960M]])
|ca. 1967
|-
|[[Erwin, New York]]
|167.51
|43
|[[New York State Route 415|NY Route 415]] - [[Painted Post, New York|Painted Post]]
|ca. 1959
|-
|[[Erwin, New York]]
|168.64
|44
|[[Image:US 15.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 15 (New York)|U.S. Route 15]] south; [[New York State Route 417|NY Route 417]] west - [[Gang Mills, New York|Gang Mills]]; [[Williamsport, PA]]; [[Painted Post, New York|Painted Post]]
|ca. 1951 rebuilt ca. 1989
|NY Route 15 begins westbound and ends eastbound
|-
|[[Riverside, New York]]
|169.02
|45
|[[New York State Route 352|NY Route 352]] - [[Riverside, Steuben County, New York|Riverside]]; Downtown Corning
|ca. 1995
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|-
|[[Riverside, New York]]
|
|45
|[[New York State Route 415|NY Route 415]] - [[Riverside, Steuben County, New York|Riverside]]
|ca. 1995
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|Corning
|171.49
|46
|[[New York State Route 414|NY Route 414]] - [[Watkins Glen, New York|Watkins Glen]]; [[Corning Museum of Glass]]
|ca. 1985
|-
|Corning
|174.20
|47
|[[New York State Route 352|NY Route 352]] - [[Gibson, New York|Gibson]]; [[East Corning, New York|East Corning]]; Downtown Corning ([[New York State Route 961Q|NY Route 961Q]])
|ca. 1985
|-
|Corning
|176.57
|48
|[[New York State Route 352|NY Route 352]] - [[East Corning, New York|East Corning]] ([[New York State Route 961T|NY Route 961T]])
|ca. 1985
|-
!colspan=6|

===[[Chemung County, New York]]===
|-
|Big Flats
|178.85
|49
|Big Flats
|ca. 1985
|-
|Big Flats
|
|50
|[[County Route 63 (Chemung County, New York)|County Route 63]] - [[Regional Airport (Elmira)|Regional Airport]]; Kahler Road
|ca. 2003
|-
|Big Flats
|182.30
|51A
|Chambers Road - Shopping Malls; [[Regional Airport (Elmira)|Regional Airport]]
|ca. 1969
|-
|Big Flats
|
|51B
|Colonial Drive - Shopping Mall
|
|westbound exit only
|-
|Horseheads, New York
|
|52A
|Commerce Center Road ([[New York State Route 962E|NY Route 962E]])
|ca. 1970
|no westbound exit
|-
|[[Horseheads, New York]]
|184.35
|52B
|[[New York State Route 14|NY Route 14]] - [[Watkins Glen, New York|Watkins Glen]]; [[Elmira Heights, New York|Elmira Heights]] ([[New York State Route 962E|NY Route 962E]])
|ca. 1970
|split into 52S (south) and 52N (north) westbound
|-
!colspan=6|gap in freeway
|-
|[[Horseheads, New York]]
|186.02
|54
|[[New York State Route 13|NY Route 13]] - [[Ithaca, New York|Ithaca]]
|converted from at-grade intersection ca. 1996
|-
|[[Elmira, New York]]
|190.20
|56
|[[New York State Route 352|NY Route 352]] - [[Elmira, New York|Elmira]]; [[Jerusalem Hill, New York|Jerusalem Hill]]
|? rebuilt ca. 2002
|-
!colspan=6|gap in freeway
|-
|[[Ashland, Chemung County, New York|Ashland, New York]]
|195.98
|58
|[[County Route 2 (Chemung County, New York)|County Route 2]]; [[County Route 8 (Chemung County, New York)|County Route 8]]; [[County Route 60 (Chemung County, New York)|County Route 60]] - [[Lowman, New York|Lowman]]; [[Wellsburg, New York|Wellsburg]]
|ca. 2000
|-
|[[Chemung, New York]]
|201.26
|59
|[[New York State Route 427|NY Route 427]] - Chemung ([[New York State Route 961A|NY Route 961A]])
|ca. 1967
|-
|Chemung
|203.52
|59A
|[[Wilawana, Pennsylvania|Wilawana, PA]]
|ca. 1965
|-
!colspan=6|

===[[Bradford County, Pennsylvania]]===
|-
|[[South Waverly, Pennsylvania]]
|205.49
|60
|[[Image:US 220.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 220 (New York)|U.S. Route 220]] - [[Waverly, Tioga County, New York|Waverly, New York]]; [[Sayre, PA]]
|ca. 1971
|-
!colspan=6|

===[[Tioga County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Waverly, Tioga County, New York|Waverly, New York]]
|206.74
|61
|[[New York State Route 34|NY Route 34]]; [[Pennsylvania Route 199|PA Route 199]] - [[Waverly, Tioga County, New York|Waverly, New York]]; [[Sayre, PA]]
|ca. 1973
|-
|[[Nichols, New York]]
|214.83
|62
|[[New York State Route 282|NY Route 282]] - [[Nichols, New York|Nichols]]
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Nichols, New York]]
|219.56
|63
|[[Lounsberry, New York|Lounsberry]]
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Owego (village), New York]]
|223.97
|64
|[[New York State Route 96|NY Route 96]] - [[Owego, New York|Owego]]; [[Ithaca, New York|Ithaca]] ([[New York State Route 962G|NY Route 962G]])
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Owego, New York]]
|225.80
|65
|[[New York State Route 17C|NY Route 17C]]; [[New York State Route 434|NY Route 434]] - [[Owego, New York|Owego]] ([[New York State Route 960J|NY Route 960J]])
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Owego, New York]]
|231.29
|66
|[[New York State Route 434|NY Route 434]]; [[New York State Route 17C|NY Route 17C]] - [[Apalachin, New York|Apalachin]] ([[New York State Route 962J|NY Route 962J]])
|ca. 1968
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Broome County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Vestal, New York]]
|237.33
|67
|[[New York State Route 26|NY Route 26]] to [[New York State Route 434|NY Route 434]] - [[Vestal, New York|Vestal]]; [[Endicott, New York|Endicott]]
|ca. 1969
|split into 67S (south) and 67N (north)
|-
|[[Vestal, New York]]
|238.13
|68
|Old Vestal Road
|ca. 1969
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|-
|[[Union, New York]]
|239.66
|69
|[[New York State Route 17C|NY Route 17C]] east - [[Westover, New York|Westover]]
|ca. 1969
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|-
|[[Union, New York]]
|
|69
|[[New York State Route 17C|NY Route 17C]] west - [[Endwell, New York|Endwell]]
|ca. 1971
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Union, New York]]
|241.79
|70
|[[New York State Route 201|NY Route 201]] south - [[Johnson City, New York|Johnson City]]; Shopping Mall ([[New York State Route 991C|NY Route 991C]])
|ca. 1971
|split into 70S (NY 201 south) and 70N (shopping mall)
|-
|[[Union, New York]] [[Dickinson, Broome County, New York|Dickinson, New York]]
|242.89
|71
|Airport Road - [[Greater Binghamton Airport]]; [[Johnson City, New York|Johnson City]]
|ca. 1971
|split into 71S (Johnson City) and 71N (Airport Road) westbound
|-
|Binghamton
|
|72
|Mygatt Street; Clinton Street
|ca. 1971
|westbound exit only
|-
|Binghamton
|245.08
|72
|[[Image:US 11.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 11 (New York)|U.S. Route 11]] - Front Street
|ca. 1966
|eastbound exit only
|-
|Binghamton
|245.21
|
|[[Image:I-81.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 81 (New York)|Interstate 81]] north to [[Interstate 88 (New York)|Interstate 88]] - [[Syracuse, New York|Syracuse]]; [[Albany, New York|Albany]]
|ca. 1966
|I-81 joins eastbound and leaves westbound
|-
|Binghamton
|245.69
|4
|[[New York State Route 7|NY Route 7]] - Binghamton; [[Hillcrest, New York]]
|ca. 1965
|split into 4S (south) and 4N (north)
|-
|Binghamton
|246.08
|3
|Broad Avenue
|ca. 1965
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Kirkwood, New York]]
|249.37
|3
|Industrial Park
|ca. 1963
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|-
|[[Kirkwood, New York]]
|249.62
|75
|[[Image:I-81.svg|20px]][[Image:US 11.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 81 (New York)|Interstate 81]] south; [[U.S. Route 11 (New York)|U.S. Route 11]] - [[Scranton, PA]]; Industrial Park ([[New York State Route 990G|NY Route 990G]])
|ca. 1963
|I-81 joins westbound and leaves eastbound; exit number signed westbound only
|-
|[[Kirkwood, New York]]
|251.31
|76
|Haskins Road; Foley Road
|ca. 2000
|-
|[[Windsor, New York]]
|
|77
|[[West Windsor, New York|West Windsor]]
|ca. 2000
|-
|[[Windsor, New York]]
|256.25
|78
|Dunbar Road - [[Occanum, New York|Occanum]]
|ca. 1961
|-
|[[Windsor (village), New York]]
|259.64
|79
|[[New York State Route 79|NY Route 79]] - [[Windsor, New York|Windsor]]
|ca. 1960
|-
|[[Windsor, New York]]
|261.69
|80
|[[Damascus, New York|Damascus]]
|ca. 1960
|-
|[[Windsor, New York]]
|264.39
|81
|East Bosket Road
|ca. 1960
|-
|[[Sanford, New York]]
|270.04
|82
|[[New York State Route 41|NY Route 41]] - [[McClure, New York|McClure]]; [[Sanford, New York|Sanford]]
|ca. 1960
|-
|[[Sanford, New York]]
|
|83
|[[Deposit, New York|Deposit]]; [[Oquaga Lake]]
|ca. 1960
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Delaware County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Deposit, New York]]
|274.62
|84
|[[New York State Route 8|NY Route 8]]; [[New York State Route 10|NY Route 10]] - [[Deposit, New York|Deposit]]; [[Walton, New York|Walton]] ([[New York State Route 990T|NY Route 990T]])
|ca. 1961
|-
!colspan=6|gap in freeway
|-
|[[Hancock (village), New York]]
|285.55
|87
|[[New York State Route 97|NY Route 97]] to [[New York State Route 268|NY Route 268]]; to [[Pennsylvania Route 191|PA Route 191]] - [[Hancock, New York|Hancock]]; [[Cadosia, New York|Cadosia]]
|ca. 1967
|-
|[[Hancock, New York]]
|
|87A
|[[New York State Route 268|NY Route 268]] - Cadosia; [[Hancock, New York|Hancock]] ([[New York State Route 990P|NY Route 990P]])
|ca. 1961
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Hancock, New York]]
|293.14
|89
|[[Fishs Eddy, New York|Fishs Eddy]]
|ca. 1961
|-
|[[Hancock, New York]]
|297.04
|90
|[[New York State Route 30|NY Route 30]] - [[East Branch, New York|East Branch]]; [[Downsville, New York|Downsville]]
|ca. 1961
|-
|[[Colchester, New York]]
|303.43
|92
|[[Horton, New York|Horton]]; [[Cooks Falls, New York|Cooks Falls]]
|ca. 1968
|-
|Colchester
|305.28
|93
|Cooks Falls
|ca. 1968
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Sullivan County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Rockland, New York]]
|310.73
|94
|[[Roscoe, New York|Roscoe]]
|ca. 1966
|-
|[[Rockland, New York]]
|316.71
|96
|[[Livingston Manor, New York|Livingston Manor]]
|ca. 1963
|-
|[[Rockland, New York]]
|318.89
|97
|[[Morsston, New York|Morsston]]
|ca. 1963
|-
!colspan=6|gap in freeway
|-
|[[Liberty, New York]]
|321.85
|98
|[[Cooley, New York|Cooley]]; [[Parksville, New York|Parksville]]
|
|at-grade intersection
|-
|[[Liberty, New York]]
|324.93
|99
|[[New York State Route 52|NY Route 52]]; [[New York State Route 55|NY Route 55]] - [[Liberty, New York|Liberty]]
|ca. 1956
|-
|[[Liberty, New York]]
|326.52
|100A
|[[New York State Route 55|NY Route 55]] to [[New York State Route 52|NY Route 52]] west - [[Liberty, New York|Liberty]]
|ca. 1956
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Liberty, New York]]
|326.99
|100
|[[New York State Route 52|NY Route 52]] - [[Liberty, New York|Liberty]]
|ca. 1956
|-
|[[Liberty, New York]]
|327.97
|101
|[[Ferndale, New York|Ferndale]]; [[Swan Lake, New York|Swan Lake]]
|ca. 1960
|no westbound entrance
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|332.14
|102
|[[Harris, New York|Harris]]; [[Bushville, New York|Bushville]]
|ca. 1960
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|334.87
|103
|Rapp Road
|ca. 1960
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|336.21
|104
|[[New York State Route 17B|NY Route 17B]] - Raceway; [[Monticello, New York|Monticello]]
|ca. 1957
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|337.56
|105
|[[New York State Route 42|NY Route 42]] - [[Monticello, New York|Monticello]]; [[Kiamesha, New York|Kiamesha]]
|ca. 1957
|split into 105A (south) and 105B (north)
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|339.67
|106
|[[Monticello, New York|Monticello]]
|ca. 1957
|no eastbound exit
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|340.85
|107
|[[Bridgeville, New York|Bridgeville]]; [[South Fallsburg, New York|South Fallsburg]]
|ca. 1957
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|342.71
|108
|Bridgeville
|ca. 1957
|eastbound exit and entrance
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|343.89
|109
|[[Rock Hill, New York|Rock Hill]]; [[Woodridge, New York|Woodridge]]
|ca. 1957
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|344.29
|110
|[[Lake Louise Marie]]; [[Wanaksink Lake]]
|ca. 1957
|-
|[[Thompson, New York]]
|345.04
|111
|[[Wolf Lake (New York)|Wolf Lake]]
|ca. 1957
|eastbound exit and entrance
|-
|[[Mamakating, New York]]
|347.94
|112
|[[Masten Lake, New York|Masten Lake]]; [[Yankee Lake (New York)|Yankee Lake]]
|ca. 1955
|-
|[[Mamakating, New York]]
|350.25
|113
|[[Image:US 209.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 209 (New York)|U.S. Route 209]] - [[Wurtsboro, New York|Wurtsboro]]; [[Ellenville, New York|Ellenville]]
|ca. 1955
|-
|[[Mamakating, New York]]
|352.58
|114
|[[Wurtsboro, New York|Wurtsboro]]; [[Highview, New York|Highview]]
|ca. 1958
|westbound exit only
|-
|[[Mamakating, New York]]
|354.63
|115
|Burlingham Road
|ca. 1958
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
!colspan=6|
===[[Orange County, New York]]===
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|355.23
|116
|[[New York State Route 17K|NY Route 17K]] - Bloomingburg; [[Montgomery, New York|Montgomery]]
|ca. 1958
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|
|118
|[[Fair Oaks, New York|Fair Oaks]]
|ca. 1958
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|359.50
|119
|[[New York State Route 302|NY Route 302]] - [[Pine Bush, New York|Pine Bush]]
|ca. 1949
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|362.23
|120
|[[New York State Route 211|NY Route 211]] - [[Middletown, New York|Middletown]]; [[Montgomery, New York|Montgomery]]
|ca. 1949
|split into 120W (west) and 120E (east) eastbound
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|363.15
|121
|[[Image:I-84.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 84 (New York)|Interstate 84]] - [[Port Jervis, New York|Port Jervis]]; [[Newburgh, New York|Newburgh]]
|ca. 1968
|split into 121W (west) and 121E (east)
|-
|[[Wallkill, New York]]
|
|122
|[[County Route 67 (Orange County, New York)|County Route 67]] - East Main Street; Crystal Run Road
|ca. 1947
|-
|[[Goshen (town), New York|Town of Goshen, New York]]
|
|122A
|Fletcher Street - [[Goshen, New York|Goshen]]
|ca. 1968
|-
|[[Goshen (village), New York]]
|367.23
|123
|[[Image:US 6.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 6 (New York)|U.S. Route 6]] west; [[New York State Route 17M|NY Route 17M]] west - [[Middletown, New York|Middletown]]; [[Port Jervis, New York|Port Jervis]]
|ca. 1949
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance; US 6 and NY 17M join eastbound and leaves westbound
|-
|[[Goshen (village), New York]]
|367.62
|124
|[[New York State Route 17A|NY Route 17A]]; [[New York State Route 207|NY Route 207]] - [[Florida, Orange County, New York|Florida]]; [[Goshen, New York|Goshen]]
|ca. 1949
|-
|[[Goshen (village), New York]]
|368.43
|125
|[[New York State Route 17M|NY Route 17M]] east - South Street
|ca. 1949
|NY Route 17M joins westbound and leaves eastbound
|-
|[[Chester (village), New York]]
|371.69
|126
|[[New York State Route 94|NY Route 94]] - [[Chester (town), New York|Chester]]; [[Florida, Orange County, New York|Florida]]
|ca. 1954
|-
|Chester
|373.52
|127
|Greycourt Road - [[Sugar Loaf, New York|Sugar Loaf]]; [[Warwick, New York|Warwick]]
|ca. 1956
|westbound exit and eastbound entrance
|-
|[[Blooming Grove, New York]]
|
|128
|[[County Route 51 (Orange County, New York)|County Route 51]] - [[Oxford Depot, New York|Oxford Depot]]
|ca. 1956
|westbound exit only
|-
|Blooming Grove
|
|129
|Museum Village Road
|ca. 1956
|no westbound entrance
|-
|[[Monroe, New York]]
|377.02
|130
|[[New York State Route 208|NY Route 208]] - [[Monroe, New York|Monroe]]; [[Washingtonville, New York|Washingtonville]]
|ca. 1956
|-
|[[Woodbury, New York]]
|379.98
|130A
|[[Image:US 6.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 6 (New York)|U.S. Route 6]] east - [[Bear Mountain (Hudson Highlands)|Bear Mountain]]
|ca. 1994
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance; US 6 joins westbound and leaves eastbound
|-
|[[Woodbury, New York]]
|380.57
|131
|[[New York State Route 17|NY Route 17]] south to [[U.S. Route 6 (New York)|U.S. Route 6]] east; [[New York State Route 32|NY Route 32]] - [[Newburgh, New York|Newburgh]]; [[Suffern, New York|Suffern]]; [[Harriman, New York|Harriman]]
|ca. 1953
|-
|[[Woodbury, New York]]
|381.10
|
|[[Image:I-87.svg|20px]] [[Interstate 87 (New York)|Interstate 87]]; [[New York Thruway]] - [[New York, New York|New York]]; Albany
|ca. 1953
|eastbound exit and westbound entrance
|}

==References==
<references/>

{{interstates}}

{{start srbox}}
{{pa browse|previous_type=PA|previous_route=85|route=[[List of State Routes in Pennsylvania|PA]]|next_type=PA|next_route=86}}
{{ny browse|previous_type=State|previous_route=85A|route=[[List of State Routes in New York|NY]]|next_type=State|next_route=86}}
{{end box}}

[[Category:Interstate 86 (east)| ]]

Schieferindustrie in Wales

2006-11-03T15:30:32Z

64.12.117.8:

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Schieferindustrie in Wales

2006-11-03T15:26:27Z

64.12.117.8:

Pamlico River

2006-08-18T02:58:51Z

64.12.117.8: /* History */

The '''Pamlico River''' is a tidal [[river]] located in the city of [[Washington, North Carolina|Washington]], [[North Carolina]], in the [[United States of America]].

==History==
The [[Tuscarora Indians]] lived along the Pamlico River until their removal to Bertie County, NC in 1718, following large numbers of deaths from disease and the four year [[Tuscarora War]], 1711-1715. English, Irish, and Scottish settlers moved to the region from Virginia for larger tracts of cheaper land. A cluster of German and Swiss settlers also moved to the region from the southeastern settlement of New Bern, NC. Bath was a home and operating base for the pirate [[Blackbeard]], who was pardoned by Governor [[Charles Eden]]. [[Tobacco farming]] was popular in the Pamlico/Tar River basin, but for years the river corridor remained somewhat of a lawless backwater.

The Pamlico River was a key strategic position during the [[American Civil War]]. The river houses a sunken Union battleship, the ''Picket''. The US Highway 17 Bridge, which connects Washington with nearby [[Chocowinity]], splits the river, making it the [[Tar River]].

==Present==
Though the river no longer has any steamers and cargo ships floating down it, it still carries hundreds of boats per year. It is a popular fishing spot. However, the river's water quality has decreased considerably due to the periodic appearence of [[pfisteria]], in the form of massive fish kills. Many local residents will no longer swim in the river or eat fish caught in it. Seaweed grows on previously sandy beaches. Pig farms and a [[phosphate]] mine are along the river. Tobacco farming remains popular.

{{NorthCarolina-geo-stub}}
[[Category:Rivers of North Carolina]]

Yoshi’s Island DS

2006-08-05T23:00:27Z

64.12.117.8: /* Features */

{{Future game}}
{{Infobox CVG
|title = Yoshi's Island 2
|image = [[Image:Yoshi's Island 2.png|Logo]]
|developer = [[Artoon]]
|publisher = [[Nintendo]]
|distributor =
|designer =
|engine =
|version =
|released = {{flagicon|United States}} [[November 13]], [[2006]] {{flagicon|Europe}} [[December 1]], [[2006]]
|genre = [[Platform game|Platformer]]
|modes = [[Single player]]
|ratings = [[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]]: Rating Pending (RP)
|platforms = [[Nintendo DS]]
|media =
|requirements =
|input =
|preceded by = ''[[Yoshi's Story]]''
|followed by =
}}
'''''Yoshi's Island 2''''' is a [[platform game|platforming]] [[computer and video games|video game]] in development by [[Artoon]] and [[Nintendo]] for the [[Nintendo DS]], and was announced by [[Nintendo]] at their press conference on [[May 9]], [[2006]]. While ''[[Yoshi's Story]]'' is considered a sequel to ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]'', ''Yoshi's Island 2'' is a direct sequel to it. The most notable features of ''Yoshi's Island 2'' are the new babies and the two screens being used as one.

==Plot==

A mysterious floating island has suddenly appeared over peaceful Yoshi’s Island. Soon after its arrival, a gaggle of kids vanishes from the island school. Thankfully, [[Mario|Baby Mario]], [[Princess Peach|Baby Peach]] and [[Donkey Kong|Baby DK]] manage to avoid being kidnapped. Now, [[Yoshi]] and the three babies must set out on a quest to rescue the kids and investigate the ominous island hovering overhead.

==Features==

* The confirmed babies that will poop on Yoshi and Baby Mario, Baby Peach, and Baby DK
*Yoshi will have his classic egg throw, flutter jump, hip drop and tongue moves that first appeared in ''Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island''
*The game's visuals are a throw back to ''Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island''<noinclude>'</noinclude>s
*Like ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]'', there will be multiple colors of Yoshis
*Each baby will give the player different powers (such as DK being able to ram through things and climb on vines, Peach being able to use an umbrella to fly high into the air, and Mario being light and able to defeat enemies by stomping on them
*The two screens are used as one tall screen, often showing a part of the level above or below you (Like Sonic Rush, another DS game)

==Screenshots==
<gallery>
Image:NTR YoshisIsland2 ss02.png
Image:NTR YoshisIsland2 ss07.png
Image:NTR YoshisIsland2 ss09.png
</gallery>

==Voices==
[[Yoshi]]: ''[[Kazumi Totaka]]''

[[Baby Mario]]: ''[[Charles Martinet]]''

[[Baby Peach]]: ''[[Nicole Mills]]''

[[Donkey Kong|Baby Donkey Kong]]: ''[[ Takashi Nagasako]]''

==References==
<div class="references-small">
<references/>
</div>

==External links==
*[http://e3src.nintendo.com/games/ds/yoshis_island_2/ ''Yoshi's Island 2''] at [[Nintendo]]'s E3 site
*{{GameSpot|id=933006|name=Yoshi's Island 2}}
*[http://ds.ign.com/objects/826/826997.html ''Yoshi's Island 2''] at [[IGN]]
*[http://gameplasma.com/plasmafile,id,1489.html ''Yoshi's Island 2''] at [[GamePlasma]]
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9a49hB8FF4Q&search=Yoshi%27s%20Island%202 ''Level 1 Video'']
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lY4ImVdgMik&search=Yoshi%27s%20Island%202 ''Level 2 Video'']
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g682bR23yGU&search=Yoshi%27s%20Island%202 ''Level 3 Video'']
{{Nintendo-stub}}
{{adventure-cvg-stub}}
{{Yoshi series}}

[[Category:2006 computer and video games]]
[[Category:Nintendo DS games]]
[[Category:Yoshi games]]
[[Category:Touch! Generations]]

[[fr:Yoshi's Island 2]]
[[ja:ヨッシーアイランド2]]

Plan der Erlösung

2006-07-17T02:12:54Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Image:The Plan of Salvation.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''The plan of salvation'' as taught by [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]]]
The '''Plan of Salvation''' is the plan which [[Heavenly Father]] created to save, redeem, and [[Exaltation|exalt]] his children (encompassing all of [[humankind]]). The elements of this plan are drawn from various scriptural sources, including ''The [[Bible]]'', ''The [[Book of Mormon]]'', ''The [[Doctrine & Covenants]]'', ''The [[Pearl of Great Price]]'' and numerous statements made by the leadership of the LDS Church.

==The plan==

Latter-day Saints believe that before the Earth was created, human beings lived with Heavenly Father in [[Heaven]] as spiritual beings/[[angels]]. Heavenly Father presented the following plan to His children:

Human beings would be born on "an Earth" (used to refer to any [[Planetary habitability|habitable]]
[[planet]]). There they would receive a [[nature|physical]] [[body]] necessary to [[exalt]]ation and a fulness of joy. On earth, they would be tested through trials of their faith, and be subject to [[Death|mortality]]. A "veil" would be set in place to obscure humankind's memory of its divine origins, thus allowing for "walking by faith" and for greater freedom of choice by enabling individuals to make their own decisions. Latter-day Saints believe that only those who live good lives and prove themselves obedient to Heavenly Father's commandments while on Earth will be able to return to Heavenly Father's presence (heaven). However, because each human being's experiences in mortality are unique to them, every individual will be judged in accordance with the opportunities they had while living on Earth (eg: someone with severe psychological problems would be judged differently from someone with perfect mental health).

Integral to this Plan was freedom of choice, which Heavenly Father considered an inviolable right of all his children; every individual would have opportunities to make certain choices that would determine the course of their life on Earth and in the Hereafter. No human would ever have their free will taken away in an attempt to force righteous behaviour. People would be free to do evil and good, both to themselves and to those around them. Because such freedom would make it possible for Heavenly Father's children to break commandments and sin, a [[Salvation|Savior]] would be needed to offer them freedom from their sins and allow them to [[Repent]]: this figure would have to overcome both sin and death, making it possible for obedient and repentant individuals to return to Heavenly Father's presence. The pre-mortal [[Jesus Christ]] volunteered to be this Savior, agreeing to take upon himself [[atonement|infinite suffering]] for the sins of all of God's children who were willing to repent and follow Heavenly Father's commandments. He also agreed to die and be resurrected, thus making it possible for ALL individuals (obedient or not) to be resurrected. The [[Holy Spirit]] would be sent to encourage righteous behaviour and guide human beings towards Jesus Christ and Heavenly Father, but would never interfere with the free exercise of human agency.

Also part of the plan was a foreordination of prophets and teachers who would have gifts and callings among men to teach and re-teach correct principles so that agency could be used wisely. (Jeremiah 1:5; [[The Pearl of Great Price]] Abraham 3:23) Heavenly Father stressed the important role parents would have to teach their children the path of righteousness and happiness (Deuteronomy 6:7), and the blessing of the holy scriptures that would give a foundation of gospel knowledge, including the knowledge of the saving role of Jesus Christ and the importance of ordinances and covenants in the gospel.

As the plan was explained, God's spirit children also understood that full gospel truth could be lost on the earth as men and women could choose against living by the truth at any point, and could devise other beliefs and ways to live that would be appealing to the natural mind. Yet they also understood that there would be opportunities before the final judgment for every child of God to hear of Jesus Christ and to either accept Him or reject Him.

Latter-day Saints believe that this plan ordained by Heavenly Father was not contrived arbitrarily, but was designed based on eternal truths to allow for the greatest possible progress toward a fulness of joy, happiness and love for the greatest number of His spirit children. He loves each of them unconditionally and desires that they progress, knowing that this leads to greater happiness and a potential fulness of joy.

==The [[First War in Heaven|first war in heaven]]==

After Heavenly Father presented this plan, [[Lucifer]] volunteered to save mankind by taking away, man's agency in exchange for the glory of Heavenly Father. Nobody would be ''able'' to fail the test and so, according to Lucifer, everyone would be able to return to the presence of Heavenly Father. As recompense for the implementation of his plan, Lucifer demanded that the power and the glory which Heavenly Father possessed be transferred to him. As Lucifer alone would have complete freedom of choice, no other spirit could achieve exaltation. Heavenly Father countered that this would make the test worthless, and knew Lucifer sought only power and glory for himself - as a result he rejected Lucifer's plan.

Enraged, Lucifer chose to rebel against Heavenly Father and drew with him "a third part" of Heavenly Father's children who also preferred Lucifer's plan. The two factions warred, and Lucifer and his followers were cast out of Heaven; [[Lucifer]] became [[Satan]], and those who followed him became [[Fallen angel|fallen]], and his [[demon|servants]]. They were denied the right to have their own physical bodies (and, consequently, the ability to procreate) but were not affected by the "veil". Satan and his servants have since sought to undo or counteract Heavenly Father's plan by tempting mortal individuals to evil actions and by attempting to restrict their freedom of choice by whatever means possible.

==Spirit world==

Latter-day Saints beliefs include the general Christian belief in a [[Spirit World]] between death and the resurrection. Latter-day Saints believe that the "veil of forgetfulness" continues in the spirit world, and the spirits of all of mankind continue to prepare for judgment day and their eventual resurrection where they will receive a reward according to their faith and works. They believe that righteous individuals continue to proclaim the gospel of Jesus Christ in the Spirit World, teaching others and offering them the opportunity to accept Jesus Christ as their Saviour and follow Heavenly Father's plan.

==Final judgment==

Latter-day Saints believe that the total, final judgment of mankind will occur at various points during the Millennium, and that Jesus Christ is ultimately the Judge of all men. Joseph Smith taught:

"He will judge them, 'not according to what they have not, but according to what they have,' those who have lived without law will be judged without law, and those who have a law will be judged by that law. We need not doubt the wisdom and intelligence of the Great Jehovah; He will award judgment or mercy to all nations according to their several deserts, their means of obtaining intelligence, the laws by which they are governed, the facilities afforded them of obtaining correct information, and His inscrutable designs in relation to the human family; and when the designs of God shall be made manifest, and the curtain of futurity be withdrawn, we shall all of us eventually have to confess that the Judge of all the earth has done right." -Joseph Smith, Jr., Documentary History of the Church 4:595-596, April, 1842

Another descripton of the benevolence of the final judgment was presented by President George Q. Cannon of the First Presidency of the LDS Church in 1884:

"God's providence is over all His children, and He will reward every man and every woman according to his or her works, and He will reward those who have lived exemplary lives, those who have been moral, whether they be heathen or Christian, whether they have known the name of Jesus or not, whether they have the Bible or the Koran or some other book or no book at all; whatever may have been their condition and circumstances, if they have lived according to the light that God has given them and to laws that they understood, God will reward them and will eventually bestow every blessing upon them which they are capable of receiving." (President George Q. Cannon, Nov. 9, 1884, Journal of Discourses, Volume 26:82)

==Practical applications==

Latter-day Saints believe following the plan of salvation entails obedience to God's commandments. This includes active faith through emulation of Jesus Christ and adherence to His teachings; worship of God the Father, and of Jesus as the [[Messiah]]/[[Christ]] and [[Son of God]]; constant repentance and abandonment of sinful practices; teaching the [[Gospel]] of Jesus Christ to others to aid in their eternal progress; enjoyment of and gratitude for the blessings available to human beings throughout their mortal existences; and resistance to the influence of Satan and his servants.

Latter-day Saints believe that loving kindness, compassion and mercy toward other human beings are integral to the plan, and are an essential part of the growth that human beings experience in this life.

Charitable work and relief aid are similarly vital; Latter-day Saints are expected to [[Fasting|fast]] for two meals once a month and donate (at least) the cost of the meals as "[[Fast offering|fast offerings]]" for support and aid of local members suffering from financial difficulties. Money is also donated to sectarian, non-denominational and secular relief agencies world-wide, and many Latter-day Saints volunteer at soup kitchens, homeless shelters and blood drives, among other things. Latter-day Saints youth organizations frequently include community service among their regular activities in an effort to encourage application of the Christian principles inherent in the plan of salvation.

It is important to note that, as part of the plan, those who are incapable of understanding the consequences of their actions, or who cannot control themselves, or otherwise cannot exercise free will are not held accountable for their actions. They are considered ''innocents''. Thus children who die before they reach "the age of accountability" (in practice, eight years of age) are automatically saved: because they could not understand God's laws or make choices accordingly, they could not truly sin. Similarly, individuals with severe mental handicaps may be considered innocent.

Additionally, the concept of [[free will]] in the plan of salvation (usually referred to as "agency" or "free agency" by Latter-day Saints) is the basis of Latter-day Saint [[theodicy]]. God will not force anyone to obey His laws. An individual's sinful act may have tragic consequences for others, but Heavenly Father will still not deny any individual their freedom to choose good or evil. Latter-day Saints understand that, as a consequence, "bad things" may happen to "good people."

==References==
* Joseph Fielding Smith, The Way to Perfection, 1949.
* Alvin R. Dyer, Who Am I, 1966.
* Joseph Fielding McConkie, Straightforward Answers to Tough Gospel Questions, 1998, p. 96 (Chapter 6).
* Joseph Fielding Smith, Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, 1976, p. 310.

==See also==

*[[Exaltation]]

[[Category:Latter Day Saint doctrines, beliefs, and practices]]

[[it:Piano di Salvezza]]
[[fr:Degrés de gloire (mormonisme)]]

Plan der Erlösung

2006-07-17T02:09:27Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Image:The Plan of Salvation.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''The plan of salvation'' as taught by [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]]]
The '''plan of salvation''' is the plan which [[Heavenly Father]] created to save, redeem, and [[Exaltation|exalt]] his children (encompassing all of [[humankind]]). The elements of this plan are drawn from various scriptural sources, including ''The [[Bible]]'', ''The [[Book of Mormon]]'', ''The [[Doctrine & Covenants]]'', ''The [[Pearl of Great Price]]'' and numerous statements made by the leadership of the LDS Church.

==The plan==

Latter-day Saints believe that before the Earth was created, human beings lived with Heavenly Father in [[Heaven]] as spiritual beings/[[angels]]. Heavenly Father presented the following plan to His children:

Human beings would be born on "an Earth" (used to refer to any [[Planetary habitability|habitable]]
[[planet]]). There they would receive a [[nature|physical]] [[body]] necessary to [[exalt]]ation and a fulness of joy. On earth, they would be tested through trials of their faith, and be subject to [[Death|mortality]]. A "veil" would be set in place to obscure humankind's memory of its divine origins, thus allowing for "walking by faith" and for greater freedom of choice by enabling individuals to make their own decisions. Latter-day Saints believe that only those who live good lives and prove themselves obedient to Heavenly Father's commandments while on Earth will be able to return to Heavenly Father's presence (heaven). However, because each human being's experiences in mortality are unique to them, every individual will be judged in accordance with the opportunities they had while living on Earth (eg: someone with severe psychological problems would be judged differently from someone with perfect mental health).

Integral to this Plan was freedom of choice, which Heavenly Father considered an inviolable right of all his children; every individual would have opportunities to make certain choices that would determine the course of their life on Earth and in the Hereafter. No human would ever have their free will taken away in an attempt to force righteous behaviour. People would be free to do evil and good, both to themselves and to those around them. Because such freedom would make it possible for Heavenly Father's children to break commandments and sin, a [[Salvation|Savior]] would be needed to offer them freedom from their sins and allow them to [[Repent]]: this figure would have to overcome both sin and death, making it possible for obedient and repentant individuals to return to Heavenly Father's presence. The pre-mortal [[Jesus Christ]] volunteered to be this Savior, agreeing to take upon himself [[atonement|infinite suffering]] for the sins of all of God's children who were willing to repent and follow Heavenly Father's commandments. He also agreed to die and be resurrected, thus making it possible for ALL individuals (obedient or not) to be resurrected. The [[Holy Spirit]] would be sent to encourage righteous behaviour and guide human beings towards Jesus Christ and Heavenly Father, but would never interfere with the free exercise of human agency.

Also part of the plan was a foreordination of prophets and teachers who would have gifts and callings among men to teach and re-teach correct principles so that agency could be used wisely. (Jeremiah 1:5; [[The Pearl of Great Price]] Abraham 3:23) Heavenly Father stressed the important role parents would have to teach their children the path of righteousness and happiness (Deuteronomy 6:7), and the blessing of the holy scriptures that would give a foundation of gospel knowledge, including the knowledge of the saving role of Jesus Christ and the importance of ordinances and covenants in the gospel.

As the plan was explained, God's spirit children also understood that full gospel truth could be lost on the earth as men and women could choose against living by the truth at any point, and could devise other beliefs and ways to live that would be appealing to the natural mind. Yet they also understood that there would be opportunities before the final judgment for every child of God to hear of Jesus Christ and to either accept Him or reject Him.

Latter-day Saints believe that this plan ordained by Heavenly Father was not contrived arbitrarily, but was designed based on eternal truths to allow for the greatest possible progress toward a fulness of joy, happiness and love for the greatest number of His spirit children. He loves each of them unconditionally and desires that they progress, knowing that this leads to greater happiness and a potential fulness of joy.

==The [[First War in Heaven|first war in heaven]]==

After Heavenly Father presented this plan, [[Lucifer]] volunteered to save mankind by taking away, man's agency in exchange for the glory of Heavenly Father. Nobody would be ''able'' to fail the test and so, according to Lucifer, everyone would be able to return to the presence of Heavenly Father. As recompense for the implementation of his plan, Lucifer demanded that the power and the glory which Heavenly Father possessed be transferred to him. As Lucifer alone would have complete freedom of choice, no other spirit could achieve exaltation. Heavenly Father countered that this would make the test worthless, and knew Lucifer sought only power and glory for himself - as a result he rejected Lucifer's plan.

Enraged, Lucifer chose to rebel against Heavenly Father and drew with him "a third part" of Heavenly Father's children who also preferred Lucifer's plan. The two factions warred, and Lucifer and his followers were cast out of Heaven; [[Lucifer]] became [[Satan]], and those who followed him became [[Fallen angel|fallen]], and his [[demon|servants]]. They were denied the right to have their own physical bodies (and, consequently, the ability to procreate) but were not affected by the "veil". Satan and his servants have since sought to undo or counteract Heavenly Father's plan by tempting mortal individuals to evil actions and by attempting to restrict their freedom of choice by whatever means possible.

==Spirit world==

Latter-day Saints beliefs include the general Christian belief in a [[Spirit World]] between death and the resurrection. Latter-day Saints believe that the "veil of forgetfulness" continues in the spirit world, and the spirits of all of mankind continue to prepare for judgment day and their eventual resurrection where they will receive a reward according to their faith and works. They believe that righteous individuals continue to proclaim the gospel of Jesus Christ in the Spirit World, teaching others and offering them the opportunity to accept Jesus Christ as their Saviour and follow Heavenly Father's plan.

==Final judgment==

Latter-day Saints believe that the total, final judgment of mankind will occur at various points during the Millennium, and that Jesus Christ is ultimately the Judge of all men. Joseph Smith taught:

"He will judge them, 'not according to what they have not, but according to what they have,' those who have lived without law will be judged without law, and those who have a law will be judged by that law. We need not doubt the wisdom and intelligence of the Great Jehovah; He will award judgment or mercy to all nations according to their several deserts, their means of obtaining intelligence, the laws by which they are governed, the facilities afforded them of obtaining correct information, and His inscrutable designs in relation to the human family; and when the designs of God shall be made manifest, and the curtain of futurity be withdrawn, we shall all of us eventually have to confess that the Judge of all the earth has done right." -Joseph Smith, Jr., Documentary History of the Church 4:595-596, April, 1842

Another descripton of the benevolence of the final judgment was presented by President George Q. Cannon of the First Presidency of the LDS Church in 1884:

"God's providence is over all His children, and He will reward every man and every woman according to his or her works, and He will reward those who have lived exemplary lives, those who have been moral, whether they be heathen or Christian, whether they have known the name of Jesus or not, whether they have the Bible or the Koran or some other book or no book at all; whatever may have been their condition and circumstances, if they have lived according to the light that God has given them and to laws that they understood, God will reward them and will eventually bestow every blessing upon them which they are capable of receiving." (President George Q. Cannon, Nov. 9, 1884, Journal of Discourses, Volume 26:82)

==Practical applications==

Latter-day Saints believe following the plan of salvation entails obedience to God's commandments. This includes active faith through emulation of Jesus Christ and adherence to His teachings; worship of God the Father, and of Jesus as the [[Messiah]]/[[Christ]] and [[Son of God]]; constant repentance and abandonment of sinful practices; teaching the [[Gospel]] of Jesus Christ to others to aid in their eternal progress; enjoyment of and gratitude for the blessings available to human beings throughout their mortal existences; and resistance to the influence of Satan and his servants.

Latter-day Saints believe that loving kindness, compassion and mercy toward other human beings are integral to the plan, and are an essential part of the growth that human beings experience in this life.

Charitable work and relief aid are similarly vital; Latter-day Saints are expected to [[Fasting|fast]] for two meals once a month and donate (at least) the cost of the meals as "[[Fast offering|fast offerings]]" for support and aid of local members suffering from financial difficulties. Money is also donated to sectarian, non-denominational and secular relief agencies world-wide, and many Latter-day Saints volunteer at soup kitchens, homeless shelters and blood drives, among other things. Latter-day Saints youth organizations frequently include community service among their regular activities in an effort to encourage application of the Christian principles inherent in the plan of salvation.

It is important to note that, as part of the plan, those who are incapable of understanding the consequences of their actions, or who cannot control themselves, or otherwise cannot exercise free will are not held accountable for their actions. They are considered ''innocents''. Thus children who die before they reach "the age of accountability" (in practice, eight years of age) are automatically saved: because they could not understand God's laws or make choices accordingly, they could not truly sin. Similarly, individuals with severe mental handicaps may be considered innocent.

Additionally, the concept of [[free will]] in the plan of salvation (usually referred to as "agency" or "free agency" by Latter-day Saints) is the basis of Latter-day Saint [[theodicy]]. God will not force anyone to obey His laws. An individual's sinful act may have tragic consequences for others, but Heavenly Father will still not deny any individual their freedom to choose good or evil. Latter-day Saints understand that, as a consequence, "bad things" may happen to "good people."

==References==
* Joseph Fielding Smith, The Way to Perfection, 1949.
* Alvin R. Dyer, Who Am I, 1966.
* Joseph Fielding McConkie, Straightforward Answers to Tough Gospel Questions, 1998, p. 96 (Chapter 6).
* Joseph Fielding Smith, Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, 1976, p. 310.

==See also==

*[[Exaltation]]

[[Category:Latter Day Saint doctrines, beliefs, and practices]]

[[it:Piano di Salvezza]]
[[fr:Degrés de gloire (mormonisme)]]

Plan der Erlösung

2006-07-17T01:58:15Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Image:The Plan of Salvation.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''The plan of salvation'' as taught by [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]]]
In [[Mormonism]], the '''plan of salvation''' is the plan which [[Heavenly Father]] created to save, redeem, and [[Exaltation|exalt]] his children (encompassing all of [[humankind]]). The elements of this plan are drawn from various scriptural sources, including ''The [[Bible]]'', ''The [[Book of Mormon]]'', ''The [[Doctrine & Covenants]]'', ''The [[Pearl of Great Price]]'' and numerous statements made by the leadership of the LDS Church.

==The plan==

Mormons believe that before the Earth was created, human beings lived with Heavenly Father in [[Heaven]] as spiritual beings/[[angels]]. Heavenly Father presented the following plan to His children:

Human beings would be born on "an Earth" (used to refer to any [[Planetary habitability|habitable]] [[planet]]). There they would receive a [[nature|physical]] [[body]] necessary to [[exalt]]ation and a fulness of joy. On earth, they would be tested through trials of their faith, and be subject to [[Death|mortality]]. A "veil" would be set in place to obscure humankind's memory of its divine origins, thus allowing for "walking by faith" and for greater freedom of choice by enabling individuals to make their own decisions. Mormons believe that only those who live good lives and prove themselves obedient to Heavenly Father's commandments while on Earth will be able to return to Heavenly Father's presence (heaven). However, because each human being's experiences in mortality are unique to them, every individual will be judged in accordance with the opportunities they had while living on Earth (eg: someone with severe psychological problems would be judged differently from someone with perfect mental health).

Integral to this Plan was freedom of choice, which Heavenly Father considered an inviolable right of all his children; every individual would have opportunities to make certain choices that would determine the course of their life on Earth and in the Hereafter. No human would ever have their free will taken away in an attempt to force righteous behaviour. People would be free to do evil and good, both to themselves and to those around them. Because such freedom would make it possible for Heavenly Father's children to break commandments and sin, a [[Salvation|Savior]] would be needed to offer them freedom from their sins and allow them to [[Repent]]: this figure would have to overcome both sin and death, making it possible for obedient and repentant individuals to return to Heavenly Father's presence. The pre-mortal [[Jesus Christ]] volunteered to be this Savior, agreeing to take upon himself [[atonement|infinite suffering]] for the sins of all of God's children who were willing to repent and follow Heavenly Father's commandments. He also agreed to die and be resurrected, thus making it possible for ALL individuals (obedient or not) to be resurrected. The [[Holy Spirit]] would be sent to encourage righteous behaviour and guide human beings towards Jesus Christ and Heavenly Father, but would never interfere with the free exercise of human agency.

Also part of the plan was a foreordination of prophets and teachers who would have gifts and callings among men to teach and re-teach correct principles so that agency could be used wisely. (Jeremiah 1:5; [[The Pearl of Great Price]] Abraham 3:23) Heavenly Father stressed the important role parents would have to teach their children the path of righteousness and happiness (Deuteronomy 6:7), and the blessing of the holy scriptures that would give a foundation of gospel knowledge, including the knowledge of the saving role of Jesus Christ and the importance of ordinances and covenants in the gospel.

As the plan was explained, God's spirit children also understood that full gospel truth could be lost on the earth as men and women could choose against living by the truth at any point, and could devise other beliefs and ways to live that would be appealing to the natural mind. Yet they also understood that there would be opportunities before the final judgment for every child of God to hear of Jesus Christ and to either accept Him or reject Him.

Mormons believe that this plan ordained by Heavenly Father was not contrived arbitrarily, but was designed based on eternal truths to allow for the greatest possible progress toward a fulness of joy, happiness and love for the greatest number of His spirit children. He loves each of them unconditionally and desires that they progress, knowing that this leads to greater happiness and a potential fulness of joy.

==The [[First War in Heaven|first war in heaven]]==

After Heavenly Father presented this plan, [[Lucifer]] volunteered to save mankind by taking away, man's agency in exchange for the glory of Heavenly Father. Nobody would be ''able'' to fail the test and so, according to Lucifer, everyone would be able to return to the presence of Heavenly Father. As recompense for the implementation of his plan, Lucifer demanded that the power and the glory which Heavenly Father possessed be transferred to him. As Lucifer alone would have complete freedom of choice, no other spirit could achieve exaltation. Heavenly Father countered that this would make the test worthless, and knew Lucifer sought only power and glory for himself - as a result he rejected Lucifer's plan.

Enraged, Lucifer chose to rebel against Heavenly Father and drew with him "a third part" of Heavenly Father's children who also preferred Lucifer's plan. The two factions warred, and Lucifer and his followers were cast out of Heaven; [[Lucifer]] became [[Satan]], and those who followed him became [[Fallen angel|fallen]], and his [[demon|servants]]. They were denied the right to have their own physical bodies (and, consequently, the ability to procreate) but were not affected by the "veil". Satan and his servants have since sought to undo or counteract Heavenly Father's plan by tempting mortal individuals to evil actions and by attempting to restrict their freedom of choice by whatever means possible.

==Spirit world==

Mormon beliefs include the general Christian belief in a [[Spirit World]] between death and the resurrection. Mormons believe that the "veil of forgetfulness" continues in the spirit world, and the spirits of all of mankind continue to prepare for judgment day and their eventual resurrection where they will receive a reward according to their faith and works. They believe that righteous individuals continue to proclaim the gospel of Jesus Christ in the Spirit World, teaching others and offering them the opportunity to accept Jesus Christ as their Saviour and follow Heavenly Father's plan.

==Final judgment==

Mormons believe that the total, final judgment of mankind will occur at various points during the Millennium, and that Jesus Christ is ultimately the Judge of all men. Joseph Smith taught:

"He will judge them, 'not according to what they have not, but according to what they have,' those who have lived without law will be judged without law, and those who have a law will be judged by that law. We need not doubt the wisdom and intelligence of the Great Jehovah; He will award judgment or mercy to all nations according to their several deserts, their means of obtaining intelligence, the laws by which they are governed, the facilities afforded them of obtaining correct information, and His inscrutable designs in relation to the human family; and when the designs of God shall be made manifest, and the curtain of futurity be withdrawn, we shall all of us eventually have to confess that the Judge of all the earth has done right." -Joseph Smith, Jr., Documentary History of the Church 4:595-596, April, 1842

Another descripton of the benevolence of the final judgment was presented by President George Q. Cannon of the First Presidency of the LDS Church in 1884:

"God's providence is over all His children, and He will reward every man and every woman according to his or her works, and He will reward those who have lived exemplary lives, those who have been moral, whether they be heathen or Christian, whether they have known the name of Jesus or not, whether they have the Bible or the Koran or some other book or no book at all; whatever may have been their condition and circumstances, if they have lived according to the light that God has given them and to laws that they understood, God will reward them and will eventually bestow every blessing upon them which they are capable of receiving." (President George Q. Cannon, Nov. 9, 1884, Journal of Discourses, Volume 26:82)

==Practical applications==

Latter-day Saints believe following the plan of salvation entails obedience to God's commandments. This includes active faith through emulation of Jesus Christ and adherence to His teachings; worship of God the Father, and of Jesus as the [[Messiah]]/[[Christ]] and [[Son of God]]; constant repentance and abandonment of sinful practices; teaching the [[Gospel]] of Jesus Christ to others to aid in their eternal progress; enjoyment of and gratitude for the blessings available to human beings throughout their mortal existences; and resistance to the influence of Satan and his servants.

Latter-day Saints believe that loving kindness, compassion and mercy toward other human beings are integral to the plan, and are an essential part of the growth that human beings experience in this life.

Charitable work and relief aid are similarly vital; Latter-day Saints are expected to [[Fasting|fast]] for two meals once a month and donate (at least) the cost of the meals as "[[Fast offering|fast offerings]]" for support and aid of local members suffering from financial difficulties. Money is also donated to sectarian, non-denominational and secular relief agencies world-wide, and many Latter-day Saints volunteer at soup kitchens, homeless shelters and blood drives, among other things. Latter-day Saints youth organizations frequently include community service among their regular activities in an effort to encourage application of the Christian principles inherent in the plan of salvation.

It is important to note that, as part of the plan, those who are incapable of understanding the consequences of their actions, or who cannot control themselves, or otherwise cannot exercise free will are not held accountable for their actions. They are considered ''innocents''. Thus children who die before they reach "the age of accountability" (in practice, eight years of age) are automatically saved: because they could not understand God's laws or make choices accordingly, they could not truly sin. Similarly, individuals with severe mental handicaps may be considered innocent.

Additionally, the concept of [[free will]] in the plan of salvation (usually referred to as "agency" or "free agency" by Latter-day Saints) is the basis of Latter-day Saint [[theodicy]]. God will not force anyone to obey His laws. An individual's sinful act may have tragic consequences for others, but Heavenly Father will still not deny any individual their freedom to choose good or evil. Latter-day Saints understand that, as a consequence, "bad things" may happen to "good people."

==References==
* Joseph Fielding Smith, The Way to Perfection, 1949.
* Alvin R. Dyer, Who Am I, 1966.
* Joseph Fielding McConkie, Straightforward Answers to Tough Gospel Questions, 1998, p. 96 (Chapter 6).
* Joseph Fielding Smith, Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, 1976, p. 310.

==See also==

*[[Exaltation (Mormonism)]]

[[Category:Latter Day Saint doctrines, beliefs, and practices]]

[[it:Piano di Salvezza]]
[[fr:Degrés de gloire (mormonisme)]]

Plan der Erlösung

2006-07-17T01:54:14Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Image:The Plan of Salvation.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''The plan of salvation'' as taught by [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]]]
In [[Mormonism]], the '''plan of salvation''' is the plan which [[Heavenly Father]] created to save, redeem, and [[Exaltation|exalt]] his children (encompassing all of [[humankind]]). The elements of this plan are drawn from various scriptural sources, including ''The [[Bible]]'', ''The [[Book of Mormon]]'', ''The [[Doctrine & Covenants]]'', ''The [[Pearl of Great Price]]'' and numerous statements made by the leadership of the LDS Church.

==The plan==

Mormons believe that before the Earth was created, human beings lived with Heavenly Father in [[Heaven]] as spiritual beings/[[angels]]. Heavenly Father presented the following plan to His children:

Human beings would be born on "an Earth" (used to refer to any [[Planetary habitability|habitable]] [[planet]]). There they would receive a [[nature|physical]] [[body]] necessary to [[exalt]]ation and a fulness of joy. On earth, they would be tested through trials of their faith, and be subject to [[Death|mortality]]. A "veil" would be set in place to obscure humankind's memory of its divine origins, thus allowing for "walking by faith" and for greater freedom of choice by enabling individuals to make their own decisions. Mormons believe that only those who live good lives and prove themselves obedient to Heavenly Father's commandments while on Earth will be able to return to Heavenly Father's presence (heaven). However, because each human being's experiences in mortality are unique to them, every individual will be judged in accordance with the opportunities they had while living on Earth (eg: someone with severe psychological problems would be judged differently from someone with perfect mental health).

Integral to this Plan was freedom of choice, which Heavenly Father considered an inviolable right of all his children; every individual would have opportunities to make certain choices that would determine the course of their life on Earth and in the Hereafter. No human would ever have their free will taken away in an attempt to force righteous behaviour. People would be free to do evil and good, both to themselves and to those around them. Because such freedom would make it possible for Heavenly Father's children to break commandments and sin, a [[Salvation|Savior]] would be needed to offer them freedom from their sins and allow them to [[Repent]]: this figure would have to overcome both sin and death, making it possible for obedient and repentant individuals to return to Heavenly Father's presence. The pre-mortal [[Jesus Christ]] volunteered to be this Savior, agreeing to take upon himself [[atonement|infinite suffering]] for the sins of all of God's children who were willing to repent and follow Heavenly Father's commandments. He also agreed to die and be resurrected, thus making it possible for ALL individuals (obedient or not) to be resurrected. The [[Holy Spirit]] would be sent to encourage righteous behaviour and guide human beings towards Jesus Christ and Heavenly Father, but would never interfere with the free exercise of human agency.

Also part of the plan was a foreordination of prophets and teachers who would have gifts and callings among men to teach and re-teach correct principles so that agency could be used wisely. (Jeremiah 1:5; [[The Pearl of Great Price]] Abraham 3:23) Heavenly Father stressed the important role parents would have to teach their children the path of righteousness and happiness (Deuteronomy 6:7), and the blessing of the holy scriptures that would give a foundation of gospel knowledge, including the knowledge of the saving role of Jesus Christ and the importance of ordinances and covenants in the gospel.

As the plan was explained, God's spirit children also understood that full gospel truth could be lost on the earth as men and women could choose against living by the truth at any point, and could devise other beliefs and ways to live that would be appealing to the natural mind. Yet they also understood that there would be opportunities before the final judgment for every child of God to hear of Jesus Christ and to either accept Him or reject Him.

Mormons believe that this plan ordained by Heavenly Father was not contrived arbitrarily, but was designed based on eternal truths to allow for the greatest possible progress toward a fulness of joy, happiness and love for the greatest number of His spirit children. He loves each of them unconditionally and desires that they progress, knowing that this leads to greater happiness and a potential fulness of joy.

==The [[First War in Heaven|first war in heaven]]==

After Heavenly Father presented this plan, [[Lucifer]] volunteered to save mankind by taking away, man's agency in exchange for the glory of Heavenly Father. Nobody would be ''able'' to fail the test and so, according to Lucifer, everyone would be able to return to the presence of Heavenly Father. As recompense for the implementation of his plan, Lucifer demanded that the power and the glory which Heavenly Father possessed be transferred to him. As Lucifer alone would have complete freedom of choice, no other spirit could achieve exaltation. Heavenly Father countered that this would make the test worthless, and knew Lucifer sought only power and glory for himself - as a result he rejected Lucifer's plan.

Enraged, Lucifer chose to rebel against Heavenly Father and drew with him "a third part" of Heavenly Father's children who also preferred Lucifer's plan. The two factions warred, and Lucifer and his followers were cast out of Heaven; [[Lucifer]] became [[Satan]], and those who followed him became [[Fallen angel|fallen]], and his [[demon|servants]]. They were denied the right to have their own physical bodies (and, consequently, the ability to procreate) but were not affected by the "veil". Mormons believe that Satan and his servants have since sought to undo or counteract Heavenly Father's plan by tempting mortal individuals to evil actions and by attempting to restrict their freedom of choice by whatever means possible.

==Spirit world==

Mormon beliefs include the general Christian belief in a [[Spirit World]] between death and the resurrection. Mormons believe that the "veil of forgetfulness" continues in the spirit world, and the spirits of all of mankind continue to prepare for judgment day and their eventual resurrection where they will receive a reward according to their faith and works. They believe that righteous individuals continue to proclaim the gospel of Jesus Christ in the Spirit World, teaching others and offering them the opportunity to accept Jesus Christ as their Saviour and follow Heavenly Father's plan.

==Final judgment==

Mormons believe that the total, final judgment of mankind will occur at various points during the Millennium, and that Jesus Christ is ultimately the Judge of all men. Joseph Smith taught:

"He will judge them, 'not according to what they have not, but according to what they have,' those who have lived without law will be judged without law, and those who have a law will be judged by that law. We need not doubt the wisdom and intelligence of the Great Jehovah; He will award judgment or mercy to all nations according to their several deserts, their means of obtaining intelligence, the laws by which they are governed, the facilities afforded them of obtaining correct information, and His inscrutable designs in relation to the human family; and when the designs of God shall be made manifest, and the curtain of futurity be withdrawn, we shall all of us eventually have to confess that the Judge of all the earth has done right." -Joseph Smith, Jr., Documentary History of the Church 4:595-596, April, 1842

Another descripton of the benevolence of the final judgment was presented by President George Q. Cannon of the First Presidency of the LDS Church in 1884:

"God's providence is over all His children, and He will reward every man and every woman according to his or her works, and He will reward those who have lived exemplary lives, those who have been moral, whether they be heathen or Christian, whether they have known the name of Jesus or not, whether they have the Bible or the Koran or some other book or no book at all; whatever may have been their condition and circumstances, if they have lived according to the light that God has given them and to laws that they understood, God will reward them and will eventually bestow every blessing upon them which they are capable of receiving." (President George Q. Cannon, Nov. 9, 1884, Journal of Discourses, Volume 26:82)

==Practical applications==

Latter-day Saints believe following the plan of salvation entails obedience to God's commandments. This includes active faith through emulation of Jesus Christ and adherence to His teachings; worship of God the Father, and of Jesus as the [[Messiah]]/[[Christ]] and [[Son of God]]; constant repentance and abandonment of sinful practices; teaching the [[Gospel]] of Jesus Christ to others to aid in their eternal progress; enjoyment of and gratitude for the blessings available to human beings throughout their mortal existences; and resistance to the influence of Satan and his servants.

Latter-day Saints believe that loving kindness, compassion and mercy toward other human beings are integral to the plan, and are an essential part of the growth that human beings experience in this life.

Charitable work and relief aid are similarly vital; Latter-day Saints are expected to [[Fasting|fast]] for two meals once a month and donate (at least) the cost of the meals as "[[Fast offering|fast offerings]]" for support and aid of local members suffering from financial difficulties. Money is also donated to sectarian, non-denominational and secular relief agencies world-wide, and many Latter-day Saints volunteer at soup kitchens, homeless shelters and blood drives, among other things. Latter-day Saints youth organizations frequently include community service among their regular activities in an effort to encourage application of the Christian principles inherent in the plan of salvation.

It is important to note that, as part of the plan, those who are incapable of understanding the consequences of their actions, or who cannot control themselves, or otherwise cannot exercise free will are not held accountable for their actions. They are considered ''innocents''. Thus children who die before they reach "the age of accountability" (in practice, eight years of age) are automatically saved: because they could not understand God's laws or make choices accordingly, they could not truly sin. Similarly, individuals with severe mental handicaps may be considered innocent.

Additionally, the concept of [[free will]] in the plan of salvation (usually referred to as "agency" or "free agency" by Latter-day Saints) is the basis of Latter-day Saint [[theodicy]]. God will not force anyone to obey His laws. An individual's sinful act may have tragic consequences for others, but Heavenly Father will still not deny any individual their freedom to choose good or evil. Latter-day Saints understand that, as a consequence, "bad things" may happen to "good people."

==References==
* Joseph Fielding Smith, The Way to Perfection, 1949.
* Alvin R. Dyer, Who Am I, 1966.
* Joseph Fielding McConkie, Straightforward Answers to Tough Gospel Questions, 1998, p. 96 (Chapter 6).
* Joseph Fielding Smith, Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, 1976, p. 310.

==See also==

*[[Exaltation (Mormonism)]]

[[Category:Latter Day Saint doctrines, beliefs, and practices]]

[[it:Piano di Salvezza]]
[[fr:Degrés de gloire (mormonisme)]]

Plan der Erlösung

2006-07-17T01:53:52Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Image:The Plan of Salvation.jpg|right|thumb|300px|''The plan of salvation'' as taught by [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]]]]
In [[Mormonism]], the '''plan of salvation''' is the plan which [[Heavenly Father]] created to save, redeem, and [[Exaltation|exalt]] his children (encompassing all of [[humankind]]). The elements of this plan are drawn from various scriptural sources, including ''The [[Bible]]'', ''The [[Book of Mormon]]'', ''The [[Doctrine & Covenants]]'', ''The [[Pearl of Great Price]]'' and numerous statements made by the leadership of the LDS Church.

==The plan==

Mormons believe that before the Earth was created, human beings lived with Heavenly Father in [[Heaven]] as spiritual beings/[[angels]]. Heavenly Father presented the following plan to His children:

Human beings would be born on "an Earth" (used to refer to any [[Planetary habitability|habitable]] [[planet]]). There they would receive a [[nature|physical]] [[body]] necessary to [[exalt]]ation and a fulness of joy. On earth, they would be tested through trials of their faith, and be subject to [[Death|mortality]]. A "veil" would be set in place to obscure humankind's memory of its divine origins, thus allowing for "walking by faith" and for greater freedom of choice by enabling individuals to make their own decisions. Mormons believe that only those who live good lives and prove themselves obedient to Heavenly Father's commandments while on Earth will be able to return to Heavenly Father's presence (heaven). However, because each human being's experiences in mortality are unique to them, every individual will be judged in accordance with the opportunities they had while living on Earth (eg: someone with severe psychological problems would be judged differently from someone with perfect mental health).

Integral to this Plan was freedom of choice, which Heavenly Father considered an inviolable right of all his children; every individual would have opportunities to make certain choices that would determine the course of their life on Earth and in the Hereafter. No human would ever have their free will taken away in an attempt to force righteous behaviour. People would be free to do evil and good, both to themselves and to those around them. Because such freedom would make it possible for Heavenly Father's children to break commandments and sin, a [[Salvation|Savior]] would be needed to offer them freedom from their sins and allow them to [[Repent]]: this figure would have to overcome both sin and death, making it possible for obedient and repentant individuals to return to Heavenly Father's presence. The pre-mortal [[Jesus Christ]] volunteered to be this Savior, agreeing to take upon himself [[atonement|infinite suffering]] for the sins of all of God's children who were willing to repent and follow Heavenly Father's commandments. He also agreed to die and be resurrected, thus making it possible for ALL individuals (obedient or not) to be resurrected. The [[Holy Spirit]] would be sent to encourage righteous behaviour and guide human beings towards Jesus Christ and Heavenly Father, but would never interfere with the free exercise of human agency.

Also part of the plan was a foreordination of prophets and teachers who would have gifts and callings among men to teach and re-teach correct principles so that agency could be used wisely. (Jeremiah 1:5; [[The Pearl of Great Price]] Abraham 3:23) Heavenly Father stressed the important role parents would have to teach their children the path of righteousness and happiness (Deuteronomy 6:7), and the blessing of the holy scriptures that would give a foundation of gospel knowledge, including the knowledge of the saving role of Jesus Christ and the importance of ordinances and covenants in the gospel.

As the plan was explained, God's spirit children also understood that full gospel truth could be lost on the earth as men and women could choose against living by the truth at any point, and could devise other beliefs and ways to live that would be appealing to the natural mind. Yet they also understood that there would be opportunities before the final judgment for every child of God to hear of Jesus Christ and to either accept Him or reject Him.

Mormons believe that this plan ordained by Heavenly Father was not contrived arbitrarily, but was designed based on eternal truths to allow for the greatest possible progress toward a fulness of joy, happiness and love for the greatest number of His spirit children. He loves each of them unconditionally and desires that they progress, knowing that this leads to greater happiness and a potential fulness of joy.

==The [[First War in Heaven|first war in heaven]]==

After Heavenly Father presented this plan, [[Lucifer]] volunteered to save mankind by taking away, man's agency in exchange for the glory of Heavenly Father. Nobody wouldbe ''able'' to fail the test and so, according to Lucifer, everyone would be able to return to the presence of Heavenly Father. As recompense for the implementation of his plan, Lucifer demanded that the power and the glory which Heavenly Father possessed be transferred to him. As Lucifer alone would have complete freedom of choice, no other spirit could achieve exaltation. Heavenly Father countered that this would make the test worthless, and knew Lucifer sought only power and glory for himself - as a result he rejected Lucifer's plan.

Enraged, Lucifer chose to rebel against Heavenly Father and drew with him "a third part" of Heavenly Father's children who also preferred Lucifer's plan. The two factions warred, and Lucifer and his followers were cast out of Heaven; [[Lucifer]] became [[Satan]], and those who followed him became [[Fallen angel|fallen]], and his [[demon|servants]]. They were denied the right to have their own physical bodies (and, consequently, the ability to procreate) but were not affected by the "veil". Mormons believe that Satan and his servants have since sought to undo or counteract Heavenly Father's plan by tempting mortal individuals to evil actions and by attempting to restrict their freedom of choice by whatever means possible.

==Spirit world==

Mormon beliefs include the general Christian belief in a [[Spirit World]] between death and the resurrection. Mormons believe that the "veil of forgetfulness" continues in the spirit world, and the spirits of all of mankind continue to prepare for judgment day and their eventual resurrection where they will receive a reward according to their faith and works. They believe that righteous individuals continue to proclaim the gospel of Jesus Christ in the Spirit World, teaching others and offering them the opportunity to accept Jesus Christ as their Saviour and follow Heavenly Father's plan.

==Final judgment==

Mormons believe that the total, final judgment of mankind will occur at various points during the Millennium, and that Jesus Christ is ultimately the Judge of all men. Joseph Smith taught:

"He will judge them, 'not according to what they have not, but according to what they have,' those who have lived without law will be judged without law, and those who have a law will be judged by that law. We need not doubt the wisdom and intelligence of the Great Jehovah; He will award judgment or mercy to all nations according to their several deserts, their means of obtaining intelligence, the laws by which they are governed, the facilities afforded them of obtaining correct information, and His inscrutable designs in relation to the human family; and when the designs of God shall be made manifest, and the curtain of futurity be withdrawn, we shall all of us eventually have to confess that the Judge of all the earth has done right." -Joseph Smith, Jr., Documentary History of the Church 4:595-596, April, 1842

Another descripton of the benevolence of the final judgment was presented by President George Q. Cannon of the First Presidency of the LDS Church in 1884:

"God's providence is over all His children, and He will reward every man and every woman according to his or her works, and He will reward those who have lived exemplary lives, those who have been moral, whether they be heathen or Christian, whether they have known the name of Jesus or not, whether they have the Bible or the Koran or some other book or no book at all; whatever may have been their condition and circumstances, if they have lived according to the light that God has given them and to laws that they understood, God will reward them and will eventually bestow every blessing upon them which they are capable of receiving." (President George Q. Cannon, Nov. 9, 1884, Journal of Discourses, Volume 26:82)

==Practical applications==

Latter-day Saints believe following the plan of salvation entails obedience to God's commandments. This includes active faith through emulation of Jesus Christ and adherence to His teachings; worship of God the Father, and of Jesus as the [[Messiah]]/[[Christ]] and [[Son of God]]; constant repentance and abandonment of sinful practices; teaching the [[Gospel]] of Jesus Christ to others to aid in their eternal progress; enjoyment of and gratitude for the blessings available to human beings throughout their mortal existences; and resistance to the influence of Satan and his servants.

Latter-day Saints believe that loving kindness, compassion and mercy toward other human beings are integral to the plan, and are an essential part of the growth that human beings experience in this life.

Charitable work and relief aid are similarly vital; Latter-day Saints are expected to [[Fasting|fast]] for two meals once a month and donate (at least) the cost of the meals as "[[Fast offering|fast offerings]]" for support and aid of local members suffering from financial difficulties. Money is also donated to sectarian, non-denominational and secular relief agencies world-wide, and many Latter-day Saints volunteer at soup kitchens, homeless shelters and blood drives, among other things. Latter-day Saints youth organizations frequently include community service among their regular activities in an effort to encourage application of the Christian principles inherent in the plan of salvation.

It is important to note that, as part of the plan, those who are incapable of understanding the consequences of their actions, or who cannot control themselves, or otherwise cannot exercise free will are not held accountable for their actions. They are considered ''innocents''. Thus children who die before they reach "the age of accountability" (in practice, eight years of age) are automatically saved: because they could not understand God's laws or make choices accordingly, they could not truly sin. Similarly, individuals with severe mental handicaps may be considered innocent.

Additionally, the concept of [[free will]] in the plan of salvation (usually referred to as "agency" or "free agency" by Latter-day Saints) is the basis of Latter-day Saint [[theodicy]]. God will not force anyone to obey His laws. An individual's sinful act may have tragic consequences for others, but Heavenly Father will still not deny any individual their freedom to choose good or evil. Latter-day Saints understand that, as a consequence, "bad things" may happen to "good people."

==References==
* Joseph Fielding Smith, The Way to Perfection, 1949.
* Alvin R. Dyer, Who Am I, 1966.
* Joseph Fielding McConkie, Straightforward Answers to Tough Gospel Questions, 1998, p. 96 (Chapter 6).
* Joseph Fielding Smith, Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, 1976, p. 310.

==See also==

*[[Exaltation (Mormonism)]]

[[Category:Latter Day Saint doctrines, beliefs, and practices]]

[[it:Piano di Salvezza]]
[[fr:Degrés de gloire (mormonisme)]]

Haverholme Priory

2006-06-27T23:22:46Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Gilbert of Sempringham]], founded the only English order of the [[Cistercian]] monks, who were given '''Haverholme Priory''', by Alexander, [[Bishop of Lincoln]], located between [[Anwick]] and [[Ewerby]] in a lonely, grey, wet and desolate part of [[Lincolnshire]], where they arrived on [[February 4]] [[1139]], prompting the observation ''Locus vastae, solitudinis et horroris''. ('A remote, solitary and horrid place')

Situated 4 miles north east of [[Sleaford]], [[Lincolnshire]], near [[Anwick]], the ruined remains of this deserted abbey are now a Grade II listed building and a designated [[Ancient Monument]].

The Cistercians apparently hated the place, and promptly sold it to Gilbert, whose Order was not averse to living where other people would not. The [[Gilbertine]]s also inherited the responsibility for keeping the neighbouring fens drained, and managed to do that fairly well apart from a couple of hiccups. They were also supposed to maintain a foot ferry to Sleaford across the [[River Slea]] at [[Ewerby Waith]], but they were summoned to account in 1316 when it fell into disrepair. They were summoned again in 1360 when Alice Everingham, daughter of [[John de Everingham]], who was supposed to have taken vows, fled from the Priory, only to be hunted down and recaptured. She complained to the Bishop of the time that she had never taken vows and she was being held against her will, so he ordered her to be released.

It is rumoured that [[Thomas a Becket]] hid there during one of his arguments with the King.

[[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] dissolved the Priory and sold it, ultimately it was bought by [[George William Finch-Hatton, 10th Earl of Winchilsea]] and 5th Earl of Nottingham, who rebuilt it in [[1830]]. Less than a century later, the priory had fallen into disuse. Most of it was demolished after no buyer could be found, even after an auction on [[25 January]] [[1926]] to dispose of it and its contents. One casualty of this was the [[Sleaford Canal]] locks, which also fell into disuse, effectively closing the canal.

Ghostly footsteps have reportedly been heard around the ruins, and [[Lord Halifax]] claimed it was the most haunted place in England.

[Priory Remains:[http://www.lincswalkinggroup.org.uk/diary/041114/041114-09.jpg]]

== External links ==
* The records of the Priory are kept at: [http://www.archon.nationalarchives.gov.uk/archon/searches/locresult_details.asp?LR=159, Nottingham University Library, Department of Manuscripts and Special Collections]
{{oscoor gbx|510970_349560}}

{{reli-struct-stub}}
{{Lincolnshire-geo-stub}}
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Lincolnshire]]
[[Category:History of Lincolnshire]]
[[Category:Monasteries in England]]
[[Category:Gilbertine nunneries]]

Grammy Award for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance

2006-04-01T21:35:36Z

64.12.117.8: /* 1980s */

The '''[[Grammy Award]] for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance''' has been awarded since [[1980]]. From 1980 to 1993 the award was known as the '''Grammy Award for Best Rock Vocal Performance, Male'''.

In 1988, 1992, 1994, and 2005 this award was combined with the [[Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance]] into the [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Vocal Performance, Solo]].

Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out, for music released in the previous year.

== 2000s ==
*[[Grammy Awards of 2005]]
**''none''
*[[Grammy Awards of 2004]]
**[[Dave Matthews]] for "Gravedigger"
*[[Grammy Awards of 2003]]
**[[Bruce Springsteen]] for "The Rising"
*[[Grammy Awards of 2002]]
**[[Lenny Kravitz]] for "Dig In"
*[[Grammy Awards of 2001]]
**[[Lenny Kravitz]] for "Again"
*[[Grammy Awards of 2000]]
**[[Lenny Kravitz]] for "[[American Woman (song)|American Woman]]"

== 1990s ==
*[[Grammy Awards of 1999]]
**[[Lenny Kravitz]] for "Fly Away"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1998]]
**[[Bob Dylan]] for "Cold Irons Bound"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1997]]
**[[Beck]] for "[[Where It's At]]"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1996]]
**[[Tom Petty]] for "You Don't Know How It Feels"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1995]]
**[[Bruce Springsteen]] for "Streets of Philadelphia"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1994]]
**''none''
*[[Grammy Awards of 1993]]
**[[Eric Clapton]] for ''[[Unplugged (Eric Clapton album)|Unplugged]]''
*[[Grammy Awards of 1992]]
**''none''
*[[Grammy Awards of 1991]]
**[[Eric Clapton]] for "Bad Love"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1990]]
**[[Don Henley]] for ''[[The End of the Innocence]]''

== 1980s ==
*[[Grammy Awards of 1989]]
**[[Robert Palmer (British singer)|Robert Palmer]] for "Simply Irresistible"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1988]]
**''none''
*[[Grammy Awards of 1987]]
**[[Robert Palmer]] for "Addicted to Love"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1986]]
**[[Don Henley]] for "[[The Boys of Summer (song)|The Boys of Summer]]"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1985]]
**[[Bruce Springsteen]] for "[[Dancing in the Dark]]"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1984]]
**[[Michael Jackson]] for "[[Beat It]]"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1983]]
**[[John Mellencamp]] for "Hurts So Good"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1982]]
**[[Rick Springfield]] for "[[Jessie's Girl]]"
*[[Grammy Awards of 1981]]
**[[Billy Joel]] for ''[[Glass Houses]]''
*[[Grammy Awards of 1980]]
**[[Bob Dylan]] for "Gotta Serve Somebody"

[[Category:Grammy Awards for rock music]]

Boys Love

2006-03-25T01:07:37Z

64.12.117.8:

[[http://kamui-tenshi.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/gravitation.jpg]]

'''Yaoi''' is a term of Japanese origin used to refer to [[manga]] or fan art that focuses on [[homosexuality|homosexual]] relationships between male characters. It can be compared with [[shōnen-ai]], which focuses on the same topic, but is (typically) not as graphic in its portrayal of homosexuality. Both categories are now commonly referred to as Boys' Love in Japan.

== Overview ==

The word '''Yaoi''' was originally used to refer to fan [[manga]] (such as [[doujinshi]]) that focused on homosexual relationships between male characters, especially two [[bishōnen]] - the manga equivalent of [[slash fiction|slash]].

The pronunciation has been a source of considerable debate. People in Japan generally pronounce each vowel separately, but quickly, as '''yah-oh-ee'''. In America, people have argued over whether the pronunciation of yaoi should be written as '''yah-oy''' or '''yah-oh-ee'''. The former pronunciation implies that the 'oi' is a [[dipthong]] pronounced like [[boy]], but the latter pronunciation implies a slow pronunciation of each vowel, which is not necessarily true. There is also a contention that yaoi is pronounced as '''yow-ee''', where "ow" has the sound like ouch.

The term is an [[acronym]] derived from the [[Japanese_language|Japanese]] phrase 「ヤマなし、オチなし、意味なし」 ('''''ya'''ma nashi, '''o'''chi nashi, '''i'''mi nashi''), meaning "no climax, no punch line, no meaning." Its target audience, readership and creators are mostly young to middle-age women. The generally accepted theory as to the cause of its popularity among women is that [[heterosexual]] women find male-male relationships erotic, as much as some men consider [[lesbian]] relationships appealing, and that while gay and bisexual men do have just as large an interest, there are simply fewer of them in the world than there are women.

The attraction is often focused on the romantic situations more than the actual homosexuality and [[homoeroticism]].

The term is often used in a general way to refer to male-male sexual or romantic content anywhere in [[anime]], [[manga]] and [[fan fiction]] based on these; usually of a more sexually explicit nature than the now-obsolete [[shōnen-ai]]. Little is known about Shounen-ai's predecesor [[Tanbi]].

The term "BL" (Boys' Love, [[Shōnen-ai]]) is constantly mistaken for as '''Yaoi''', and all commercially published works are referred to as "yaoi" in America & "Boy's Love" in Japan. There exists a large mainstream market for Boys' Love comics in Japan, as well as a flourishing [[dōjinshi]] market. In recent years, several popular Japanese BL works have been commercially translated and imported to English-speaking countries by companies such as Be Beautiful and Digital Manga Publishing. Currently-available works include Kazuma Kodaka's Kizuna and Only the Ring Finger Knows by Satoru Kannagi and Hotaru Odagiri. Whether such works will have comparable popularity in English-speaking countries remains to be seen. A distinction between yaoi and BL is only seen in translated works; whereas in English a manga might be referred to as Boys' Love if it is not very graphic, in Japan all homosexually-themed manga (written mostly by and aimed at females) is referred to as Boys' Love, and Boys' Love was originally a subsect of [[yaoi]].

Over the years, gay-themed comic strips inspired by and referred to as yaoi have been adapted as a sub-culture in North America, with writings and art displayed on websites devoted to it. Notable American yaoi comics include the [[webcomic]] ''[[Boy Meets Boy (comic)|Boy Meets Boy]]'' by [[K. Sandra Fuhr]], and its successor ''[[Friendly Hostility]]'' hosted on [[Keenspot]].

Some common subjects of the American yaoi subculture include the boys of [[Trigun]], [[Cardcaptor Sakura]], [[Dragon Ball]], [[Final Fantasy]], [[Gravitation (anime)|Gravitation]], [[Gundam Wing]], [[Naruto (manga)|Naruto]], [[Prince of Tennis]], [[Weiss Kreuz]], [[Yugioh|Yu-Gi-Oh!]], [[YuYu Hakusho]], [[Rurouni Kenshin]], and [[One Piece]]. Generally speaking, if a series features [[bishonen|attractive male characters]], it will attract yaoi fans. Thus a large amount actually comes from male-oriented [[shounen]] and [[seinen]] demographics. This sometimes causes conflict because many fans dislike such themes, especially when inserted as [[Fanon (fiction)|fanon]].

Yaoi is often thought of as more "story-based" than heterosexual [[hentai]] manga or anime; however, a broad spectrum of "intensity" exists in the genre. Themes range from ordinary themes and mild adult situations to extreme fetish-oriented works, including anthromorphism, [[cosplay]], nonconsensual sex ("non-con"), and even monsters, incest, orgies, and assorted other highly taboo depictions of homosexuality.

Interestingly, though protagonists are male, definite gender-related power structures are prevalent in much of the genre. The "seme," (攻め) or "giving," tends to be depicted as the standard male of anime and manga culture: restrained, physically powerful, protective. The "uke" (受け), or "receiving," may be more androgynous or feminized in appearance and demeanor: younger, physically weak, et cetera. Certain authors and works exploit and re-invent these stereotypes; anthologies published by Be x Boy, for example, feature sets of stories centered around themes such as "younger seme" or "reversibles". The infamous "height rule"-- referencing height as a measure of power-- also relates to this element of yaoi culture. (For years a great percentage of yaoi mangaka have been steering away from such stereotyical pairings, preferring reversable pairings of similar build or twisting it to where the uke body has a seme personality and vice versa).

Popular best-selling yaoi/BL authors/artists in America include Chi-Ran, Tori Maia, Shin Mizukami, Mamiya Oki, Yuu Higuri, Kazuma Kodaka, Ozaki, Keiko Takamiya, Yuuka Nitta, Yun Kouga, Shiuko Kano, Temari Matsumoto, Kazumi Ouya, & Ayano Yamane.[http://www.jpqueen.com/]

== Yaoi examples ==

*''[[Ai no Kusabi]]''
*''[[Animal X]]''
*''[[Boku no Sexual Harassment]]''
*''[[Earthian]]''
*''[[Eerie Queerie!]]''
*''[[Enzai]]''
*''[[FAKE]]''
*''[[Gravitation (manga)|Gravitation]]''
*''[[Ikoku Irokoi Romantan]]''
*''[[Kashou no Tsuki]]''
*''[[Kaze to Ki no Uta]]''
*''[[Kizuna]]''
*''[[Koori no Mamono no Monogatari]]''
*''[[Legal Drug]]''
*''[[Level-C]]''
*''[[Loveless (Manga)|Loveless]]''
*''[[Mori Mari]]''
*''[[Only the Ring Finger Knows]]''
*''[[Papa to Kiss in the Dark]]''
*''[[Relation is Still a Lv.1]]''
*''[[Sensitive Pornograph]]''
*''[[Suki na Mono wa Suki Dakara Shōganai!]]'' ([[Sukisho]]/[[Sukisyo]])
*''[[Tokyo Babylon]]''
*''[[Yami no Matsuei]]''
*''[[Yellow]]''
*''[[Zetsuai 1989 and Bronze]]''

== References ==

*Mark McLelland, (2001). "[http://www.cult-media.com/issue1/CMRmcle.htm Homoerotic Manga: Why Are Japanese Girls’ Comics full of Boys Bonking?]." ''Intensities: The Journal of Cult Media.'' '''1'''.
*JPQueen's best-seller list. "[http://www.jpqueen.com/]"

== See also ==

*[[Doujinshi]]
*[[Lemon (anime)|Lemon]]
*[[Shipping (fandom)|"Shipping"]]
*[[Shotacon]]
*[[Shounen-ai]]
*[[Slash fiction]]
*[[Yaoi games]]
*[[Yuri (animation)|Yuri]]
*[http://http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BA%E3%83%A9%E3%83%96 Wikipedia Japan's Boys' Love article (Japanese)]

== External links ==

* [http://www.yaoi-manga.com/ Digital Manga Publishing's Yaoi-manga.com]
* [http://www.yaoi.sk Yaoi.sk]
* [http://www.yaoicon.com Yaoi-Con]
* [http://www.aestheticism.com/visitors/reference/aestheticism.htm Glossary defining Yaoi and other related terms]
* [http://www.sapayne.com SaPayne.com Original Slash Yaoi Fiction]
* [http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2005/04/25/he_loves_him_she_loves_them/ Boston.com article with details on the current state of Yaoi in the US]
* [http://yaoi.y-gallery.net y!Gallery, an art community for Yaoi artists]
* [http://www.jastusa.com/yaoi JAST USA has announced the first PC dating-sims (ren'ai games) for yaoi]
* [http://www.boysonboysonfilm.com Boys on Boys on Film, containing teviews and information about yaoi anime and manga]
* [http://www.livejournal.com/community/yaoi_daily/ Yaoi Daily -- image posting community devoted to the sharing and promotion of YAOI]
* [http://www.averagepsycho.net Yaoi fanfics]
* [http://yaoisuki.giapet.net Yaoi manga/anime/game reviews]

[[Category:LGBT art]]
[[Category:Hentai]]
[[Category:Anime and manga terminology]]

[[ca:Yaoi]]
[[de:Yaoi]]
[[es:Yaoi]]
[[eo:Jaoi]]
[[fr:Yaoi]]
[[ko:야오이]]
[[it:Yaoi]]
[[ru:Яой]]
[[ja:やおい]]
[[pl:Yaoi]]
[[pt:Yaoi]]
[[sv:Yaoi]]

Boys Love

2006-03-25T01:04:57Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Image:Fake series manga gravitation.jpg Cover of "[[Fake (manga)|Fake]]" by Sanami Matoh as published by TokyoPop.]]

'''Yaoi''' is a term of Japanese origin used to refer to [[manga]] or fan art that focuses on [[homosexuality|homosexual]] relationships between male characters. It can be compared with [[shōnen-ai]], which focuses on the same topic, but is (typically) not as graphic in its portrayal of homosexuality. Both categories are now commonly referred to as Boys' Love in Japan.

== Overview ==

The word '''Yaoi''' was originally used to refer to fan [[manga]] (such as [[doujinshi]]) that focused on homosexual relationships between male characters, especially two [[bishōnen]] - the manga equivalent of [[slash fiction|slash]].

The pronunciation has been a source of considerable debate. People in Japan generally pronounce each vowel separately, but quickly. In America, people have argued over whether the pronunciation of yaoi should be written as '''yah-oy''' or '''yah-oh-ee'''. The former pronunciation implies that the 'oi' is a [[dipthong]] pronounced like [[boy]], but the latter pronunciation implies a slow pronunciation of each vowel, which is not necessarily true. There is also a contention that yaoi is pronounced as '''yow-ee''', where "ow" has the sound like ouch.

The term is an [[acronym]] derived from the [[Japanese_language|Japanese]] phrase 「ヤマなし、オチなし、意味なし」 ('''''ya'''ma nashi, '''o'''chi nashi, '''i'''mi nashi''), meaning "no climax, no punch line, no meaning." Its target audience, readership and creators are mostly young to middle-age women. The generally accepted theory as to the cause of its popularity among women is that [[heterosexual]] women find male-male relationships erotic, as much as some men consider [[lesbian]] relationships appealing, and that while gay and bisexual men do have just as large an interest, there are simply fewer of them in the world than there are women.

The attraction is often focused on the romantic situations more than the actual homosexuality and [[homoeroticism]].

The term is often used in a general way to refer to male-male sexual or romantic content anywhere in [[anime]], [[manga]] and [[fan fiction]] based on these; usually of a more sexually explicit nature than the now-obsolete [[shōnen-ai]]. Little is known about Shounen-ai's predecesor [[Tanbi]].

The term "BL" (Boys' Love, [[Shōnen-ai]]) is constantly mistaken for as '''Yaoi''', and all commercially published works are referred to as "yaoi" in America & "Boy's Love" in Japan. There exists a large mainstream market for Boys' Love comics in Japan, as well as a flourishing [[dōjinshi]] market. In recent years, several popular Japanese BL works have been commercially translated and imported to English-speaking countries by companies such as Be Beautiful and Digital Manga Publishing. Currently-available works include Kazuma Kodaka's Kizuna and Only the Ring Finger Knows by Satoru Kannagi and Hotaru Odagiri. Whether such works will have comparable popularity in English-speaking countries remains to be seen. A distinction between yaoi and BL is only seen in translated works; whereas in English a manga might be referred to as Boys' Love if it is not very graphic, in Japan all homosexually-themed manga (written mostly by and aimed at females) is referred to as Boys' Love, and Boys' Love was originally a subsect of [[yaoi]].

Over the years, gay-themed comic strips inspired by and referred to as yaoi have been adapted as a sub-culture in North America, with writings and art displayed on websites devoted to it. Notable American yaoi comics include the [[webcomic]] ''[[Boy Meets Boy (comic)|Boy Meets Boy]]'' by [[K. Sandra Fuhr]], and its successor ''[[Friendly Hostility]]'' hosted on [[Keenspot]].

Some common subjects of the American yaoi subculture include the boys of [[Trigun]], [[Cardcaptor Sakura]], [[Dragon Ball]], [[Final Fantasy]], [[Gravitation (anime)|Gravitation]], [[Gundam Wing]], [[Naruto (manga)|Naruto]], [[Prince of Tennis]], [[Weiss Kreuz]], [[Yugioh|Yu-Gi-Oh!]], [[YuYu Hakusho]], [[Rurouni Kenshin]], and [[One Piece]]. Generally speaking, if a series features [[bishonen|attractive male characters]], it will attract yaoi fans. Thus a large amount actually comes from male-oriented [[shounen]] and [[seinen]] demographics. This sometimes causes conflict because many fans dislike such themes, especially when inserted as [[Fanon (fiction)|fanon]].

Yaoi is often thought of as more "story-based" than heterosexual [[hentai]] manga or anime; however, a broad spectrum of "intensity" exists in the genre. Themes range from ordinary themes and mild adult situations to extreme fetish-oriented works, including anthromorphism, [[cosplay]], nonconsensual sex ("non-con"), and even monsters, incest, orgies, and assorted other highly taboo depictions of homosexuality.

Interestingly, though protagonists are male, definite gender-related power structures are prevalent in much of the genre. The "seme," (攻め) or "giving," tends to be depicted as the standard male of anime and manga culture: restrained, physically powerful, protective. The "uke" (受け), or "receiving," may be more androgynous or feminized in appearance and demeanor: younger, physically weak, et cetera. Certain authors and works exploit and re-invent these stereotypes; anthologies published by Be x Boy, for example, feature sets of stories centered around themes such as "younger seme" or "reversibles". The infamous "height rule"-- referencing height as a measure of power-- also relates to this element of yaoi culture. (For years a great percentage of yaoi mangaka have been steering away from such stereotyical pairings, preferring reversable pairings of similar build or twisting it to where the uke body has a seme personality and vice versa).

Popular best-selling yaoi/BL authors/artists in America include Chi-Ran, Tori Maia, Shin Mizukami, Mamiya Oki, Yuu Higuri, Kazuma Kodaka, Ozaki, Keiko Takamiya, Yuuka Nitta, Yun Kouga, Shiuko Kano, Temari Matsumoto, Kazumi Ouya, & Ayano Yamane.[http://www.jpqueen.com/]

== Yaoi examples ==

*''[[Ai no Kusabi]]''
*''[[Animal X]]''
*''[[Boku no Sexual Harassment]]''
*''[[Earthian]]''
*''[[Eerie Queerie!]]''
*''[[Enzai]]''
*''[[FAKE]]''
*''[[Gravitation (manga)|Gravitation]]''
*''[[Ikoku Irokoi Romantan]]''
*''[[Kashou no Tsuki]]''
*''[[Kaze to Ki no Uta]]''
*''[[Kizuna]]''
*''[[Koori no Mamono no Monogatari]]''
*''[[Legal Drug]]''
*''[[Level-C]]''
*''[[Loveless (Manga)|Loveless]]''
*''[[Mori Mari]]''
*''[[Only the Ring Finger Knows]]''
*''[[Papa to Kiss in the Dark]]''
*''[[Relation is Still a Lv.1]]''
*''[[Sensitive Pornograph]]''
*''[[Suki na Mono wa Suki Dakara Shōganai!]]'' ([[Sukisho]]/[[Sukisyo]])
*''[[Tokyo Babylon]]''
*''[[Yami no Matsuei]]''
*''[[Yellow]]''
*''[[Zetsuai 1989 and Bronze]]''

== References ==

*Mark McLelland, (2001). "[http://www.cult-media.com/issue1/CMRmcle.htm Homoerotic Manga: Why Are Japanese Girls’ Comics full of Boys Bonking?]." ''Intensities: The Journal of Cult Media.'' '''1'''.
*JPQueen's best-seller list. "[http://www.jpqueen.com/]"

== See also ==

*[[Doujinshi]]
*[[Lemon (anime)|Lemon]]
*[[Shipping (fandom)|"Shipping"]]
*[[Shotacon]]
*[[Shounen-ai]]
*[[Slash fiction]]
*[[Yaoi games]]
*[[Yuri (animation)|Yuri]]
*[http://http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BA%E3%83%A9%E3%83%96 Wikipedia Japan's Boys' Love article (Japanese)]

== External links ==

* [http://www.yaoi-manga.com/ Digital Manga Publishing's Yaoi-manga.com]
* [http://www.yaoi.sk Yaoi.sk]
* [http://www.yaoicon.com Yaoi-Con]
* [http://www.aestheticism.com/visitors/reference/aestheticism.htm Glossary defining Yaoi and other related terms]
* [http://www.sapayne.com SaPayne.com Original Slash Yaoi Fiction]
* [http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2005/04/25/he_loves_him_she_loves_them/ Boston.com article with details on the current state of Yaoi in the US]
* [http://yaoi.y-gallery.net y!Gallery, an art community for Yaoi artists]
* [http://www.jastusa.com/yaoi JAST USA has announced the first PC dating-sims (ren'ai games) for yaoi]
* [http://www.boysonboysonfilm.com Boys on Boys on Film, containing teviews and information about yaoi anime and manga]
* [http://www.livejournal.com/community/yaoi_daily/ Yaoi Daily -- image posting community devoted to the sharing and promotion of YAOI]
* [http://www.averagepsycho.net Yaoi fanfics]
* [http://yaoisuki.giapet.net Yaoi manga/anime/game reviews]

[[Category:LGBT art]]
[[Category:Hentai]]
[[Category:Anime and manga terminology]]

[[ca:Yaoi]]
[[de:Yaoi]]
[[es:Yaoi]]
[[eo:Jaoi]]
[[fr:Yaoi]]
[[ko:야오이]]
[[it:Yaoi]]
[[ru:Яой]]
[[ja:やおい]]
[[pl:Yaoi]]
[[pt:Yaoi]]
[[sv:Yaoi]]

Boys Love

2006-03-25T01:03:19Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Image:Fake series manga yaoi.jpg|thumb|Cover of "[[Fake (manga)|Fake]]" by Sanami Matoh as published by TokyoPop.]]

'''Yaoi''' is a term of Japanese origin used to refer to [[manga]] or fan art that focuses on [[homosexuality|homosexual]] relationships between male characters. It can be compared with [[shōnen-ai]], which focuses on the same topic, but is (typically) not as graphic in its portrayal of homosexuality. Both categories are now commonly referred to as Boys' Love in Japan.

== Overview ==

The word '''Yaoi''' was originally used to refer to fan [[manga]] (such as [[doujinshi]]) that focused on homosexual relationships between male characters, especially two [[bishōnen]] - the manga equivalent of [[slash fiction|slash]].

The pronunciation has been a source of considerable debate. People in Japan generally pronounce each vowel separately, but quickly. In America, people have argued over whether the pronunciation of yaoi should be written as '''yah-oy''' or '''yah-oh-ee'''. The former pronunciation implies that the 'oi' is a [[dipthong]] pronounced like [[boy]], but the latter pronunciation implies a slow pronunciation of each vowel, which is not necessarily true. There is also a contention that yaoi is pronounced as '''yow-ee''', where "ow" has the sound like ouch.

The term is an [[acronym]] derived from the [[Japanese_language|Japanese]] phrase 「ヤマなし、オチなし、意味なし」 ('''''ya'''ma nashi, '''o'''chi nashi, '''i'''mi nashi''), meaning "no climax, no punch line, no meaning." Its target audience, readership and creators are mostly young to middle-age women. The generally accepted theory as to the cause of its popularity among women is that [[heterosexual]] women find male-male relationships erotic, as much as some men consider [[lesbian]] relationships appealing, and that while gay and bisexual men do have just as large an interest, there are simply fewer of them in the world than there are women.

The attraction is often focused on the romantic situations more than the actual homosexuality and [[homoeroticism]].

The term is often used in a general way to refer to male-male sexual or romantic content anywhere in [[anime]], [[manga]] and [[fan fiction]] based on these; usually of a more sexually explicit nature than the now-obsolete [[shōnen-ai]]. Little is known about Shounen-ai's predecesor [[Tanbi]].

The term "BL" (Boys' Love, [[Shōnen-ai]]) is constantly mistaken for as '''Yaoi''', and all commercially published works are referred to as "yaoi" in America & "Boy's Love" in Japan. There exists a large mainstream market for Boys' Love comics in Japan, as well as a flourishing [[dōjinshi]] market. In recent years, several popular Japanese BL works have been commercially translated and imported to English-speaking countries by companies such as Be Beautiful and Digital Manga Publishing. Currently-available works include Kazuma Kodaka's Kizuna and Only the Ring Finger Knows by Satoru Kannagi and Hotaru Odagiri. Whether such works will have comparable popularity in English-speaking countries remains to be seen. A distinction between yaoi and BL is only seen in translated works; whereas in English a manga might be referred to as Boys' Love if it is not very graphic, in Japan all homosexually-themed manga (written mostly by and aimed at females) is referred to as Boys' Love, and Boys' Love was originally a subsect of [[yaoi]].

Over the years, gay-themed comic strips inspired by and referred to as yaoi have been adapted as a sub-culture in North America, with writings and art displayed on websites devoted to it. Notable American yaoi comics include the [[webcomic]] ''[[Boy Meets Boy (comic)|Boy Meets Boy]]'' by [[K. Sandra Fuhr]], and its successor ''[[Friendly Hostility]]'' hosted on [[Keenspot]].

Some common subjects of the American yaoi subculture include the boys of [[Trigun]], [[Cardcaptor Sakura]], [[Dragon Ball]], [[Final Fantasy]], [[Gravitation (anime)|Gravitation]], [[Gundam Wing]], [[Naruto (manga)|Naruto]], [[Prince of Tennis]], [[Weiss Kreuz]], [[Yugioh|Yu-Gi-Oh!]], [[YuYu Hakusho]], [[Rurouni Kenshin]], and [[One Piece]]. Generally speaking, if a series features [[bishonen|attractive male characters]], it will attract yaoi fans. Thus a large amount actually comes from male-oriented [[shounen]] and [[seinen]] demographics. This sometimes causes conflict because many fans dislike such themes, especially when inserted as [[Fanon (fiction)|fanon]].

Yaoi is often thought of as more "story-based" than heterosexual [[hentai]] manga or anime; however, a broad spectrum of "intensity" exists in the genre. Themes range from ordinary themes and mild adult situations to extreme fetish-oriented works, including anthromorphism, [[cosplay]], nonconsensual sex ("non-con"), and even monsters, incest, orgies, and assorted other highly taboo depictions of homosexuality.

Interestingly, though protagonists are male, definite gender-related power structures are prevalent in much of the genre. The "seme," (攻め) or "giving," tends to be depicted as the standard male of anime and manga culture: restrained, physically powerful, protective. The "uke" (受け), or "receiving," may be more androgynous or feminized in appearance and demeanor: younger, physically weak, et cetera. Certain authors and works exploit and re-invent these stereotypes; anthologies published by Be x Boy, for example, feature sets of stories centered around themes such as "younger seme" or "reversibles". The infamous "height rule"-- referencing height as a measure of power-- also relates to this element of yaoi culture. (For years a great percentage of yaoi mangaka have been steering away from such stereotyical pairings, preferring reversable pairings of similar build or twisting it to where the uke body has a seme personality and vice versa).

Popular best-selling yaoi/BL authors/artists in America include Chi-Ran, Tori Maia, Shin Mizukami, Mamiya Oki, Yuu Higuri, Kazuma Kodaka, Ozaki, Keiko Takamiya, Yuuka Nitta, Yun Kouga, Shiuko Kano, Temari Matsumoto, Kazumi Ouya, & Ayano Yamane.[http://www.jpqueen.com/]

== Yaoi examples ==

*''[[Ai no Kusabi]]''
*''[[Animal X]]''
*''[[Boku no Sexual Harassment]]''
*''[[Earthian]]''
*''[[Eerie Queerie!]]''
*''[[Enzai]]''
*''[[FAKE]]''
*''[[Gravitation (manga)|Gravitation]]''
*''[[Ikoku Irokoi Romantan]]''
*''[[Kashou no Tsuki]]''
*''[[Kaze to Ki no Uta]]''
*''[[Kizuna]]''
*''[[Koori no Mamono no Monogatari]]''
*''[[Legal Drug]]''
*''[[Level-C]]''
*''[[Loveless (Manga)|Loveless]]''
*''[[Mori Mari]]''
*''[[Only the Ring Finger Knows]]''
*''[[Papa to Kiss in the Dark]]''
*''[[Relation is Still a Lv.1]]''
*''[[Sensitive Pornograph]]''
*''[[Suki na Mono wa Suki Dakara Shōganai!]]'' ([[Sukisho]]/[[Sukisyo]])
*''[[Tokyo Babylon]]''
*''[[Yami no Matsuei]]''
*''[[Yellow]]''
*''[[Zetsuai 1989 and Bronze]]''

== References ==

*Mark McLelland, (2001). "[http://www.cult-media.com/issue1/CMRmcle.htm Homoerotic Manga: Why Are Japanese Girls’ Comics full of Boys Bonking?]." ''Intensities: The Journal of Cult Media.'' '''1'''.
*JPQueen's best-seller list. "[http://www.jpqueen.com/]"

== See also ==

*[[Doujinshi]]
*[[Lemon (anime)|Lemon]]
*[[Shipping (fandom)|"Shipping"]]
*[[Shotacon]]
*[[Shounen-ai]]
*[[Slash fiction]]
*[[Yaoi games]]
*[[Yuri (animation)|Yuri]]
*[http://http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BA%E3%83%A9%E3%83%96 Wikipedia Japan's Boys' Love article (Japanese)]

== External links ==

* [http://www.yaoi-manga.com/ Digital Manga Publishing's Yaoi-manga.com]
* [http://www.yaoi.sk Yaoi.sk]
* [http://www.yaoicon.com Yaoi-Con]
* [http://www.aestheticism.com/visitors/reference/aestheticism.htm Glossary defining Yaoi and other related terms]
* [http://www.sapayne.com SaPayne.com Original Slash Yaoi Fiction]
* [http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2005/04/25/he_loves_him_she_loves_them/ Boston.com article with details on the current state of Yaoi in the US]
* [http://yaoi.y-gallery.net y!Gallery, an art community for Yaoi artists]
* [http://www.jastusa.com/yaoi JAST USA has announced the first PC dating-sims (ren'ai games) for yaoi]
* [http://www.boysonboysonfilm.com Boys on Boys on Film, containing teviews and information about yaoi anime and manga]
* [http://www.livejournal.com/community/yaoi_daily/ Yaoi Daily -- image posting community devoted to the sharing and promotion of YAOI]
* [http://www.averagepsycho.net Yaoi fanfics]
* [http://yaoisuki.giapet.net Yaoi manga/anime/game reviews]

[[Category:LGBT art]]
[[Category:Hentai]]
[[Category:Anime and manga terminology]]

[[ca:Yaoi]]
[[de:Yaoi]]
[[es:Yaoi]]
[[eo:Jaoi]]
[[fr:Yaoi]]
[[ko:야오이]]
[[it:Yaoi]]
[[ru:Яой]]
[[ja:やおい]]
[[pl:Yaoi]]
[[pt:Yaoi]]
[[sv:Yaoi]]

Boys Love

2006-03-25T01:03:02Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Cover of "[[Fake (manga)|Fake]]" by Sanami Matoh as published by TokyoPop.]]

'''Yaoi''' is a term of Japanese origin used to refer to [[manga]] or fan art that focuses on [[homosexuality|homosexual]] relationships between male characters. It can be compared with [[shōnen-ai]], which focuses on the same topic, but is (typically) not as graphic in its portrayal of homosexuality. Both categories are now commonly referred to as Boys' Love in Japan.

== Overview ==

The word '''Yaoi''' was originally used to refer to fan [[manga]] (such as [[doujinshi]]) that focused on homosexual relationships between male characters, especially two [[bishōnen]] - the manga equivalent of [[slash fiction|slash]].

The pronunciation has been a source of considerable debate. People in Japan generally pronounce each vowel separately, but quickly. In America, people have argued over whether the pronunciation of yaoi should be written as '''yah-oy''' or '''yah-oh-ee'''. The former pronunciation implies that the 'oi' is a [[dipthong]] pronounced like [[boy]], but the latter pronunciation implies a slow pronunciation of each vowel, which is not necessarily true. There is also a contention that yaoi is pronounced as '''yow-ee''', where "ow" has the sound like ouch.

The term is an [[acronym]] derived from the [[Japanese_language|Japanese]] phrase 「ヤマなし、オチなし、意味なし」 ('''''ya'''ma nashi, '''o'''chi nashi, '''i'''mi nashi''), meaning "no climax, no punch line, no meaning." Its target audience, readership and creators are mostly young to middle-age women. The generally accepted theory as to the cause of its popularity among women is that [[heterosexual]] women find male-male relationships erotic, as much as some men consider [[lesbian]] relationships appealing, and that while gay and bisexual men do have just as large an interest, there are simply fewer of them in the world than there are women.

The attraction is often focused on the romantic situations more than the actual homosexuality and [[homoeroticism]].

The term is often used in a general way to refer to male-male sexual or romantic content anywhere in [[anime]], [[manga]] and [[fan fiction]] based on these; usually of a more sexually explicit nature than the now-obsolete [[shōnen-ai]]. Little is known about Shounen-ai's predecesor [[Tanbi]].

The term "BL" (Boys' Love, [[Shōnen-ai]]) is constantly mistaken for as '''Yaoi''', and all commercially published works are referred to as "yaoi" in America & "Boy's Love" in Japan. There exists a large mainstream market for Boys' Love comics in Japan, as well as a flourishing [[dōjinshi]] market. In recent years, several popular Japanese BL works have been commercially translated and imported to English-speaking countries by companies such as Be Beautiful and Digital Manga Publishing. Currently-available works include Kazuma Kodaka's Kizuna and Only the Ring Finger Knows by Satoru Kannagi and Hotaru Odagiri. Whether such works will have comparable popularity in English-speaking countries remains to be seen. A distinction between yaoi and BL is only seen in translated works; whereas in English a manga might be referred to as Boys' Love if it is not very graphic, in Japan all homosexually-themed manga (written mostly by and aimed at females) is referred to as Boys' Love, and Boys' Love was originally a subsect of [[yaoi]].

Over the years, gay-themed comic strips inspired by and referred to as yaoi have been adapted as a sub-culture in North America, with writings and art displayed on websites devoted to it. Notable American yaoi comics include the [[webcomic]] ''[[Boy Meets Boy (comic)|Boy Meets Boy]]'' by [[K. Sandra Fuhr]], and its successor ''[[Friendly Hostility]]'' hosted on [[Keenspot]].

Some common subjects of the American yaoi subculture include the boys of [[Trigun]], [[Cardcaptor Sakura]], [[Dragon Ball]], [[Final Fantasy]], [[Gravitation (anime)|Gravitation]], [[Gundam Wing]], [[Naruto (manga)|Naruto]], [[Prince of Tennis]], [[Weiss Kreuz]], [[Yugioh|Yu-Gi-Oh!]], [[YuYu Hakusho]], [[Rurouni Kenshin]], and [[One Piece]]. Generally speaking, if a series features [[bishonen|attractive male characters]], it will attract yaoi fans. Thus a large amount actually comes from male-oriented [[shounen]] and [[seinen]] demographics. This sometimes causes conflict because many fans dislike such themes, especially when inserted as [[Fanon (fiction)|fanon]].

Yaoi is often thought of as more "story-based" than heterosexual [[hentai]] manga or anime; however, a broad spectrum of "intensity" exists in the genre. Themes range from ordinary themes and mild adult situations to extreme fetish-oriented works, including anthromorphism, [[cosplay]], nonconsensual sex ("non-con"), and even monsters, incest, orgies, and assorted other highly taboo depictions of homosexuality.

Interestingly, though protagonists are male, definite gender-related power structures are prevalent in much of the genre. The "seme," (攻め) or "giving," tends to be depicted as the standard male of anime and manga culture: restrained, physically powerful, protective. The "uke" (受け), or "receiving," may be more androgynous or feminized in appearance and demeanor: younger, physically weak, et cetera. Certain authors and works exploit and re-invent these stereotypes; anthologies published by Be x Boy, for example, feature sets of stories centered around themes such as "younger seme" or "reversibles". The infamous "height rule"-- referencing height as a measure of power-- also relates to this element of yaoi culture. (For years a great percentage of yaoi mangaka have been steering away from such stereotyical pairings, preferring reversable pairings of similar build or twisting it to where the uke body has a seme personality and vice versa).

Popular best-selling yaoi/BL authors/artists in America include Chi-Ran, Tori Maia, Shin Mizukami, Mamiya Oki, Yuu Higuri, Kazuma Kodaka, Ozaki, Keiko Takamiya, Yuuka Nitta, Yun Kouga, Shiuko Kano, Temari Matsumoto, Kazumi Ouya, & Ayano Yamane.[http://www.jpqueen.com/]

== Yaoi examples ==

*''[[Ai no Kusabi]]''
*''[[Animal X]]''
*''[[Boku no Sexual Harassment]]''
*''[[Earthian]]''
*''[[Eerie Queerie!]]''
*''[[Enzai]]''
*''[[FAKE]]''
*''[[Gravitation (manga)|Gravitation]]''
*''[[Ikoku Irokoi Romantan]]''
*''[[Kashou no Tsuki]]''
*''[[Kaze to Ki no Uta]]''
*''[[Kizuna]]''
*''[[Koori no Mamono no Monogatari]]''
*''[[Legal Drug]]''
*''[[Level-C]]''
*''[[Loveless (Manga)|Loveless]]''
*''[[Mori Mari]]''
*''[[Only the Ring Finger Knows]]''
*''[[Papa to Kiss in the Dark]]''
*''[[Relation is Still a Lv.1]]''
*''[[Sensitive Pornograph]]''
*''[[Suki na Mono wa Suki Dakara Shōganai!]]'' ([[Sukisho]]/[[Sukisyo]])
*''[[Tokyo Babylon]]''
*''[[Yami no Matsuei]]''
*''[[Yellow]]''
*''[[Zetsuai 1989 and Bronze]]''

== References ==

*Mark McLelland, (2001). "[http://www.cult-media.com/issue1/CMRmcle.htm Homoerotic Manga: Why Are Japanese Girls’ Comics full of Boys Bonking?]." ''Intensities: The Journal of Cult Media.'' '''1'''.
*JPQueen's best-seller list. "[http://www.jpqueen.com/]"

== See also ==

*[[Doujinshi]]
*[[Lemon (anime)|Lemon]]
*[[Shipping (fandom)|"Shipping"]]
*[[Shotacon]]
*[[Shounen-ai]]
*[[Slash fiction]]
*[[Yaoi games]]
*[[Yuri (animation)|Yuri]]
*[http://http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BA%E3%83%A9%E3%83%96 Wikipedia Japan's Boys' Love article (Japanese)]

== External links ==

* [http://www.yaoi-manga.com/ Digital Manga Publishing's Yaoi-manga.com]
* [http://www.yaoi.sk Yaoi.sk]
* [http://www.yaoicon.com Yaoi-Con]
* [http://www.aestheticism.com/visitors/reference/aestheticism.htm Glossary defining Yaoi and other related terms]
* [http://www.sapayne.com SaPayne.com Original Slash Yaoi Fiction]
* [http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2005/04/25/he_loves_him_she_loves_them/ Boston.com article with details on the current state of Yaoi in the US]
* [http://yaoi.y-gallery.net y!Gallery, an art community for Yaoi artists]
* [http://www.jastusa.com/yaoi JAST USA has announced the first PC dating-sims (ren'ai games) for yaoi]
* [http://www.boysonboysonfilm.com Boys on Boys on Film, containing teviews and information about yaoi anime and manga]
* [http://www.livejournal.com/community/yaoi_daily/ Yaoi Daily -- image posting community devoted to the sharing and promotion of YAOI]
* [http://www.averagepsycho.net Yaoi fanfics]
* [http://yaoisuki.giapet.net Yaoi manga/anime/game reviews]

[[Category:LGBT art]]
[[Category:Hentai]]
[[Category:Anime and manga terminology]]

[[ca:Yaoi]]
[[de:Yaoi]]
[[es:Yaoi]]
[[eo:Jaoi]]
[[fr:Yaoi]]
[[ko:야오이]]
[[it:Yaoi]]
[[ru:Яой]]
[[ja:やおい]]
[[pl:Yaoi]]
[[pt:Yaoi]]
[[sv:Yaoi]]

Lehigh Valley International Airport

2006-03-17T00:32:05Z

64.12.117.8: /* Airlines */ add year

{{Airport frame}}
{{Airport title|name=Lehigh Valley International Airport}}

{{Airport infobox
| IATA = ABE
| ICAO = KABE
| type = Public
| run by = Lehigh-Northampton Airport Authority
| opened =
| closest town = Allentown, Pennsylvania
| distance = 3 miles (5 km) NE
| elevation_ft = 394
| elevation_m = 120.1
| coordinates = 40° 39' 08.5" N 75° 26' 25.44" W
}}
{{Runway title}}
{{Runway
| runway_angle = 6/24
| runway_length_f = 7,600
| runway_length_m = 2,316
| runway_surface = Asphalt
}}
{{Runway
| runway_angle = 13/31
| runway_length_f = 5,797
| runway_length_m = 1,767
| runway_surface = Asphalt
}}
{{Airport end frame}}

'''Lehigh Valley International Airport''' ([[IATA airport code|IATA]]: '''ABE''', [[ICAO airport code|ICAO]]: '''KABE'''), formerly '''Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton International Airport''', is a public [[airport]] located 3 miles (5 km) northeast of [[Allentown, Pennsylvania|Allentown]], [[Pennsylvania]].

The airport is located in [[Hanover Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania|Hanover Township]], [[Lehigh County, Pennsylvania|Lehigh County]], [[Pennsylvania]], and owned and operated by the Lehigh-Northampton Airport Authority. The airport is served primarily by [[feederliner]] aircraft. Nearly a million travellers use the airport annually.

== Facilities ==
Lehigh Valley International Airport covers 2,629 acres and has two runways:
* Runway 6/24: 7,600 x 150 ft. (2,316 x 46 m), Surface: Asphalt
* Runway 13/31: 5,797 x 150 ft. (1,767 x 46 m), Surface: Asphalt

==Airlines==
* [[Air Canada]]
** [[Air Canada]] operated by [[Air Georgian]] (Toronto)
* [[Allegiant Air]] (Orlando-Sanford)
* [[Delta Air Lines]]
** [[Delta Connection]] operated by [[Atlantic Southeast Airlines]] (Atlanta, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky)
** [[Delta Connection]] operated by [[Comair]] (Atlanta, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky)
* [[Continental Airlines]] (Bus Service to Newark)
** [[Continental Connection]] operated by [[CommutAir]] (Boston)
** [[Continental Express]] operated by [[ExpressJet Airlines]] (Cleveland)
* [[Northwest Airlines]] (Detroit)
** [[Northwest Airlink]] operated by [[Pinnacle Airlines]] (Detroit)
* [[Hooters Air]] (Fort Lauderdale, Myrtle Beach, Orlando, St. Petersburg) [All service ends March 26, 2006]
* [[United Airlines]]
** [[United Express]] operated by [[Colgan Air]] (Washington-Dulles)
** [[United Express]] operated by [[Mesa Airlines]] (Chicago-O'Hare)
* [[US Airways]] (Charlotte)
** [[US Airways Express]] operated by [[Colgan Air]] (Pittsburgh)
** [[US Airways Express]] operated by [[Piedmont Airlines]] (Philadelphia)
** [[US Airways Express]] operated by [[PSA Airlines]] (Charlotte, Philadelphia)

==Former airline service==
*[[AirTran Airways]] (Boston, Orlando)
*Interstate Jet (Atlanta, Las Vegas, Los Angeles)
*[[Southeast Airlines]] (Orlando/Sanford, Columbus, Las Vegas, St. Petersburg, West Palm Beach)
*[[TransMeridian Airlines]] (Orlando/Sanford, other destinations)

==External links==
* [http://www.lvia.org/ Lehigh Valley International Airport Homepage]
{{US-airport|ABE}}
{{Geolinks-US-hoodscale|40.652363|-75.440402}}

[[Category:Airports in Pennsylvania|Lehigh Valley International Airport]]
[[Category:Lehigh Valley|Lehigh Valley International Airport]]

Benutzer:Distelfinck/Freitag (Roman)

2005-12-31T05:27:31Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Robert A. Heinlein]]'s [[1982]] [[science fiction]] novel, '''''Friday''''', is the story of a female "artificial person". Artificial people are genetically engineered to be stronger, faster, smarter, and generally better than normal humans. Artificial humans are widely resented, and much of the story deals with Friday's struggle against prejudice and to conceal her attributes from other humans. The story occurs against a backdrop of general social collapse, widely thought to represent the irreversible decline of [[Western Civilization]].

[[Image:Heinlein friday cover.jpg|right|frame|The cover of this edition of the book portrays artist [[Michael_Whelan|Michael Whelan's]] version of Friday.]]

{{spoiler}}

Many readers view the book as satirizing [[feminism]], albeit in a sympathetic way. The beginning and the end are both framed by male chauvinist cliches. At the beginning Friday is being raped by enemy agents and relaxes and at least pretends to enjoy it. At the end, Friday, the most advanced being in the galaxy, is living in an interstellar suburb, baking cookies and running a brownie scout troop. But in both cases the reality is the opposite of the cliches; Friday gets revenge on her rapists, and as to the brownie leader, well, the whole logic of the book leads one to believe that this is a cover for Friday's big move to save humanity.

Heinlein clearly extrapolates trends which unfurl around us today. For example, he predicts an internet complete with multimedia and search engines long before it existed, and describes a leviathan called Shipstone, Inc., an indispensable and manipulative [[megacorp | megacorporation]] eerily suggestive of today's [[Microsoft]]. He speaks of a world tendency for large states to splinter into many smaller ones a full decade before the dissolution of the [[Soviet Union]]. Heinlein also plays on the darker undercurrents threatening mankind, among them [[organized crime]], [[pestilence]] and [[famine]], and various forms of know-nothingism, religious terrorism included.

Friday is loosely tied to the novelette ''[[Gulf (Heinlein)|Gulf]]'', which appeared in ''[[Assignment in Eternity]]''. The two works share a character, "Kettle Belly" Baldwin, and the motif of a secret society of supermen.

==External link==
*{{isfdb title|id=1899|title=Friday}}

[[Category:1982 books]]
[[Category:Novels by Robert A. Heinlein|Friday]]

[[fr:Vendredi (roman)]]

Benutzer:Distelfinck/Freitag (Roman)

2005-12-31T05:19:42Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Robert A. Heinlein]]'s [[1982]] [[science fiction]] novel, '''''Friday''''', is the story of a female "artificial person". Artificial people are genetically engineered to be stronger, faster, smarter, and generally better than normal humans. Artificial humans are widely resented, and much of the story deals with Friday's struggle against prejudice and to conceal her attributes from other humans. The story occurs against a backdrop of general social collapse, widely thought to represent the irreversible decline of [[Western Civilization]].

[[Image:Heinlein friday cover.jpg|right|frame|The cover of this edition of the book portrays artist [[Michael_Whelan|Michael Whelan's]] version of Friday.]]

{{spoiler}}

Many readers view the book as a comment on [[feminism]]. It begins with the ultimate male chauvinist cliché — Friday is being raped by enemy agents and relaxes and at least pretends to enjoy it. It ends with Friday, the most advanced being in the galaxy, living in an interstellar suburb, baking cookies and running a brownie scout troop. But in both cases the reality is the opposite of the cliches; Friday gets revenge on her rapists, and as to the brownie leader, well, the whole logic of the book leads one to believe that this is a cover for Friday's big move to save humanity.

Heinlein clearly extrapolates trends which unfurl around us today. For example, he predicts an internet complete with multimedia and search engines long before it existed, and describes a leviathan called Shipstone, Inc., an indispensable and manipulative [[megacorp | megacorporation]] eerily suggestive of today's [[Microsoft]]. He speaks of a world tendency for large states to splinter into many smaller ones a full decade before the dissolution of the [[Soviet Union]]. Heinlein also plays on the darker undercurrents threatening mankind, among them [[organized crime]], [[pestilence]] and [[famine]], and various forms of know-nothingism, religious terrorism included.

Friday is loosely tied to the novelette ''[[Gulf (Heinlein)|Gulf]]'', which appeared in ''[[Assignment in Eternity]]''. The two works share a character, "Kettle Belly" Baldwin, and the motif of a secret society of supermen.

==External link==
*{{isfdb title|id=1899|title=Friday}}

[[Category:1982 books]]
[[Category:Novels by Robert A. Heinlein|Friday]]

[[fr:Vendredi (roman)]]

WWE

2005-12-16T15:51:05Z

64.12.117.8: /* Wrestlingtitel */

'''World [[Wrestling]] Entertainment''' (WWE) ist die größte und bekannteste Wrestlingliga der Welt und hat ihren Stammsitz in [[Stamford (Connecticut)]]. Nach einem Rechtsstreit mit dem [[World Wildlife Fund]] änderte die WWE ihren Namen am [[6. Mai]] [[2002]] von World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in World Wrestling Entertainment. Der Besitzer der WWE ist derzeit [[Vince McMahon|Vincent K. McMahon]]. Die beiden Hauptsendungen der WWE, "Raw" und "SmackDown!" werden vor der Kamera von den so genannten "General Managern" verwaltet, und zwar [[Eric Bischoff]] (Raw) und [[Theodore R. Long]] (SmackDown!) . Die bekanntesten Wrestler, die für die WWE bzw. WWF antraten sind [[Hulk Hogan]], [[Bret Hart]], Mankind (auch Dude Love, Cactus Jack und Mick Foley genannt), [[Randy Savage]], [[Dwayne Douglas Johnson|The Rock]], [[Steve Austin]], [[Shawn Michaels]] sowie [[The Undertaker]], [[Andre the Giant]], [[Kurt Angle]], [[Ric Flair]], [[Eddie Guerrero]], [[John Cena]], [[Batista]], [[Paul Levesque|Triple H]] und [[John Layfield|John "Bradshaw" Layfield]].

Die WWE wurde [[1963]], als World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF) von [[Vincent J. McMahon]] (gest. 1984) gegründet, der sich mit diesem Schritt von der National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) abzuspalten. 1982 kaufte sein Sohn Vincent K. McMahon seinem Vater die Liga ab und leitete eine neue Ära des Wrestling ein. Vincent K. McMahon gehört lt. [[Forbes]] heute zu den 400 reichsten Amerikanern.

== Großveranstaltungen ==
Für das Jahr 2005 hat WWE folgende Großveranstaltungen vorgesehen:

* [[New Year's Revolution]] (RAW)
* [[Royal Rumble]] (RAW & SmackDown!)
* [[No Way Out]] (SmackDown!)
* [[Wrestlemania|WrestleMania 21]] (RAW & SmackDown!)
* [[Backlash (WWE)|Backlash]] (RAW)
* [[Judgment Day (WWE)|Judgment Day]] (SmackDown!)
* [[ECW One Night Stand]] (ECW-Sonderveranstaltung)
* [[Vengeance (WWE)|Vengeance]] (RAW)
* [[The Great American Bash]] (SmackDown!)
* SummerSlam (RAW & SmackDown!)
* [[Unforgiven]] (RAW)
* [[No Mercy (WWE)|No Mercy]] (SmackDown!)
* [[Taboo Tuesday]] (RAW)
* [[Survivor Series]] (RAW & SmackDown!)
* [[Armageddon (WWE)|Armageddon]] (SmackDown!)

Diese Wrestling-Großveranstaltungen werden als [[Pay-Per-View]] (PPV) international im Fernsehen übertragen. PPVs machen bei WWE 1/4 des Gesamtumsatzes aus.
In Deutschland kann man diese Großveranstaltungen auf Premiere Direkt mit 1 Stunde Verzögerung sehen.

== Shows ==

Neben den Großveranstaltungen produziert WWE jede Woche sieben Show-Formate fürs Fernsehen.

=== [[RAW (WWE)|RAW]] ===
* Zweistündige Hauptsendung des RAW-Rosters.
* Live-Ausstrahlung in den USA jeden Montag Abend auf USA Network.
* Premiere Sport Portal zeigt eine gekürzte Zusammenfassung jeden Dienstag um 23:00 Uhr (acht Tage Verzögerung).

=== Heat ===
* Einstündige Nebensendung des RAW-Rosters.
* Ausstrahlung in den USA jeden Freitag Nachmittag auf wwe.com (Aufzeichnung montags).
* Premiere Sport Portal zeigt Heat jeden Donnerstag (sechs Tage Verzögerung)

=== Bottom Line ===
* Einstündige Zusammenfassung der RAW-Show.
* Wird in Nordamerika nicht mehr ausgestrahlt.
* Premiere Sport Portal zeigt Bottom Line jeden Mittwoch.

=== [[SmackDown!|Friday Night SmackDown!]] ===
* Zweistündige Hauptsendung des SmackDown!-Rosters.
* Austrahlung in den USA jeden Freitag Abend auf dem US-Sender [[United Paramount Network|UPN]] (Aufzeichnung dienstags).
* Tele 5 zeigt eine gekürzte Zusammenfassung jeden Donnerstag um etwa 23:55 Uhr (nach dem zweiten Spielfilm) (sechs Tage Verzögerung).

=== Velocity ===
* Einstündige Nebensendung des SmackDown!-Rosters.
* Ausstrahlung in den USA jeden Samstag Morgen auf wwe.com (Aufzeichnung dienstags).
* Premiere Sport Portal zeigt Velocity jeden Freitag um 16:00 Uhr (sieben Tage Verzögerung).

=== Afterburn ===
* Einstündige Zusammenfassung der Friday Night SmackDown!-Show.
* Wird in Nordamerika nicht mehr ausgestrahlt.
* Premiere Sport Portal zeigt Afterburn jeden Freitag.

=== A.M. Raw ===
* Einstündige Zussamenfassung der Raw-Show.
* Ausstrahlung in den USA jeden Samstag Morgen auf dem US-Sender [[USA Network]].
* Wird in Deutschland nicht ausgestrahlt

== Developement Ligen ==

Die WWE hat zwei weitere Wrestlingligen '''Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW)''' und '''Deep South Wrestling (DSW)''', die sie benutzt um Wrestler auszubilden. Neue Wrestler werden hier erst einmal mit der WWE vertraut gemacht und danach für gewöhnlich in die Belegschaft von WWE ''RAW'' oder ''SmackDown!'' aufgenommen.

Die '''OVW''' hat ihren Standort in [[Louisville (Kentucky)|Louisville]], [[Kentucky]] und ihr Leiter ist Danny Davis. Ursprünglich leitete der Gründer und Booker Jim Cornette die Liga, bis er aufgrund mehrfachen Fehlverhaltens gefeuert wurde. Mittlerweile kümmert sich [[Paul Heyman]] um das Booking der Liga und somit auch um die Ausbildung der Neulinge.

Die '''DSW''' basiert in McDounough, [[Georgia]] und wurde nach der OVW als zweite Farmliga übernommen. Sie besteht ursprünglich aus der NWA Wildeside und hat somit auch einige ihrer Wrestler noch im Roster. Geleitet wird sie vom Bill Behrens, dem Wildeside-Gründer, und Bill DeMott. Ihre erste Show veranstaltete die DSW am [[1. September]] [[2005]].

==Wrestlingtitel==

Die wichtigsten Titel, die in der WWE ausgetragen werden, sind:
(In Klammern die derzeitigen Titelträger)

'''RAW''':

* [[WWE Championship|World Wrestling Entertaiment Championship]] ([[John Cena]] seit 3. April 2005)
* [[WWE Intercontinental Championship]] ([[Ric Flair]] seit 18. September 2005)
* [[WWE World Tag Team Championship]] ([[Big Show]] & [[Kane]] seit 1. November 2005)
* [[WWE Women's Championship]] ([[Patricia Anne Stratigias|Trish Stratus]] seit 9. Januar 2005)

'''Friday Night SmackDown!''':

* [[World Heavyweight Championship]] ([[Dave Batista|Batista]] seit 3. April 2005)
* [[WWE Tag Team Championship]] (MNM ([[Adam Birch|Joey Mercury]] & [[John Randall Hennigan|Johnny Nitro]]) seit 28. Oktober 2005)
* [[WWE Cruiserweight Championship]] ([[Eduardo Anibal Gonzalez|Juventud]] seit 25. November 2005)

==Siehe auch==
*[[TNA Wrestling]]
*[[WCW]]
*[[ECW]]

== Weblinks ==
*http://www.wwe.com - offizielle Internetpräsenz der WWE (englisch)
*http://www.bsww.de
*http://www.wwe-germany.de
*http://www.wrestlingcorner.de
*http://www.genickbruch.com
*http://www.moonsault.de
*http://www.cagematch.de

[[Kategorie:Sportverband]]
[[Kategorie:Wrestling]]

[[en:World Wrestling Entertainment]]
[[es:World Wrestling Entertainment]]
[[fi:WWE]]
[[he:WWE]]
[[it:World Wrestling Entertainment]]
[[ja:WWE]]
[[sv:WWE]]
[[tl:World Wrestling Entertainment]]

Kingdom Hearts (Computerspiel)

2005-10-13T17:22:19Z

64.12.117.8: /* Positive criticisms */

{{Infobox CVG| title = Kingdom Hearts
|image = [[Image:Khbox.jpg|center|250px|Kingdom Hearts North American pagacking artwork]]
|developer = [[Square Co., Ltd.]]
|publisher = <div style="white-space: nowrap;">[[Square Co., Ltd.]] ''(Japan)'' [[Square Electronic Arts|Square EA]] ''(N. America)'' [[Sony Computer Entertainment|SCEE]] ''(Europe)''
|designer =
|engine =
|released = <div style="white-space: nowrap;">[[March 28]], [[2002]] ''(Japan)'' [[September 17]], [[2002]] ''(N. America)'' [[November 15]], [[2002]] ''(Europe)'' [[December 26]], [[2002]] ''(Japan) — as'' Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix
|genre = [[computer role playing game|RPG]]
|modes = [[Single player]]
|ratings = [[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]]: [[Image:ESRB_E.png|12px|E]] Everyone
|platforms = [[PlayStation 2]]
|media = [[DVD-ROM]]
|requirements =
|input =
}}
'''''Kingdom Hearts''''' ([[Japanese_language|Japanese]]: キングダムハーツ ''Kingudamu Hātsu'') is a hybrid action/[[computer role-playing game|RPG]] that was released in [[Autumn]] of [[2002]], which is notable for being the result of a collaboration between the video game developer and publisher [[Square Co., Ltd.|Square]] and [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]].
{{TOCleft}}
{{-}}
==Overview==
[[Image:Kingdom Hearts Battle Screenshot.jpg|thumb|left|A typical battle in ''Kingdom Hearts'' (North American version).]]
''Kingdom Hearts'' begins on lush tropical islands called "Destiny Islands", home to the main characters [[Sora]], [[Riku]], and [[Kairi]]. The three children wish to leave the island that they have been confined to all their life, so they build a raft to escape. The night before the voyage, a storm sweeps through the island, and evil creatures called the Heartless appear. The three friends are separated. Then, when Sora finds Riku surrounded by darkness, Riku disappears and Sora has to fight the [[Heartless]]. Afterwards he receives his weapon, the mystical Keyblade. Using the Keyblade and teaming up with various [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters, such as [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], he seeks to defeat the Heartless and be reunited with his friends.

It is an action-based RPG, featuring realtime rendered backgrounds and scenery. The music is composed by [[Yoko Shimomura]], the ending credits theme {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - March Caprice For Piano And Orchestra.ogg|sample}} and opening orchestration {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari (Orchestrated Instrumental).ogg|sample}} is by [[Kaoru Wada]], and the main vocal theme is "Hikari" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari.ogg|sample}} (light) known as "[[Simple and Clean]]" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Simple And Clean.ogg|sample}} in Western releases. Both versions of the song were composed and performed by [[Utada Hikaru]].

==Plot==
{{spoiler}}
In ''Kingdom Hearts'', a villain has used the Heartless to tear down the walls between the many worlds. Lead character Sora, as well as popular [[Disney]] characters [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], must travel to each of these worlds, using the mighty Keyblade, while collecting its powerful forms, to seal the entrances to the hearts of the worlds before the Heartless can destroy them. The primary villain, [[Ansem]], seeks to find the door into utter darkness. Sora's former best friend, Riku, has been seduced by the darkness, and makes several attempts to end Sora's life. As for Kairi, her heart was taken, because she was one of the "seven princesses of heart" (replacing Ariel from ''The Little Mermaid'' since she is a party member in one world).

==Final Mix==
[[Image:Cloud and Sephiroth KHFM.jpg|200px|thumb|top|right|Cloud and Sephiroth's new [[cutscene]].]]

[[Image:Neo Shadow.jpg|200px|thumb|bottom|right|Neoshadows in ''Final Mix''.]]

In ''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'', the [[Japan]]ese re-release of the game, several events and a number of gameplay tweaks were added that were not in the American release. Various new enemies, abilities, and weapons were added, and slight changes have been made to affect the game's difficulty. The game ends with what many fans assume to be two teaser trailers for ''Kingdom Hearts II,'' (the first of which was also available in the North American version by doing a lot of side-quests) a sequel which has been recently been announced. In the second teaser, titled '''Deep Dive''', Mickey and four other cloaked figures are shown. One of the Unknowns carries two keyblades and has been confirmed as the Blonde Haired Kid, and another is blindfolded and has been confirmed as Riku. The game features two new keyblades for Sora, the One-Winged Angel and the Diamond Dust blade, both of which can only be obtained in the coliseum. It also includes a special boss fight: at the Hollow Bastion, the optional Boss is the Enigmatic Man, a member of the [[XIII Order]].

==Worlds==
The many worlds in which the game takes place include various Disney settings (nearly all of which are part of the [[List of Disney animated features|Disney animated features canon]] and most of which "crossed over" in gag cameos in their original movies), as well as some original ones.

The Disney-based worlds:
* Wonderland, from ''[[Alice in Wonderland (1951 film)|Alice in Wonderland]]''
* Deep Jungle, from ''[[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Tarzan]]''
* Olympus Coliseum, from ''[[Hercules (1997 movie)|Hercules]]''
* Agrabah, from ''[[Aladdin (1992 movie)|Aladdin]]''
* Monstro, from ''[[Pinocchio (1940 movie)|Pinocchio]]''
* Atlantica, from ''[[The Little Mermaid (movie)|The Little Mermaid]]''
* [[Halloween]] Town, from ''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas]]'' (The movie's first video game appearance.)
* [[Neverland]], from ''[[Peter Pan (1953 movie)|Peter Pan]]'' (The world's name is somewhat a misnomer because the action takes place on Captain Hook's ship and a minor bit as well as a secret boss in [[London]]; as such, the actual Neverland is not actually visited.)
* Hundred Acre Wood, from ''[[Winnie the Pooh]]''

The original worlds:
* [[Destiny Islands]]
* [[Traverse Town]]
* [[Hollow Bastion]]
* End of the World
* Disney Castle (non-playable, not to be confused with [[Sleeping Beauty Castle]])

== Voice cast ==
''Note: Most of the Disney Characters are voiced by their original voice actors from the movies or their voice actors for the animated series (where applicable, e.g. [[Dan Castellaneta]] as Genie, rather than [[Robin Williams]].)''
<div style="float:left; width:48%;">
=== English language version ===

*[[Haley Joel Osment]] ... as Sora
*[[Tony Anselmo]] ... as [[Donald Duck]]
*[[Bill Farmer]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[David Gallagher]] ... as Riku
*[[Hayden Panettiere]] ... as Kairi
*[[Billy Zane]] ... as [[Ansem]]
*[[David Boreanaz]] ... as Leon ([[Squall Leonhart]])
*[[Mandy Moore]] ... as [[Aerith Gainsborough]]
*[[Steve Burton]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[James Lance Bass]] ... as [[Sephiroth (Final Fantasy VII)|Sephiroth]]
*[[Sean Astin]] ... as Hercules
*[[Bobby Castanzo]] ... as Philoctetes (Phil)
*[[Robby Benson]] ... as Beast
*[[Dan Castellaneta]] ... as Genie
*[[Gilbert Gottfried]] ... as Iago
*[[James Woods]] ... as Hades
*[[Christy Carlson Romano]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Dee Bradley Baker]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Shaun Flemming]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Molly Keck]] ... as [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]]
*[[Chris Sarandon]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Rita Rudner]] ... as Sally
*[[Kath Soucie]] ... as Sora's mother and Shock
*[[Jeff Bennett]] ... as Barrel, The Mayor, and Mr. Smee
*[[Ken Page]] ... as [[Oogie Boogie]]
*[[Kenneth Mars|Ken Mars]] ... as King Triton
*[[Jim Cummings]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]] and [[Tigger]]
*[[Jonathan Freeman]] ... as [[Jafar]]
*[[Tony Goldwyn]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Linda Larkin]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Chris Steele]] ... as [[Peter Pan]]
*[[Audrey Wasilewski]] ... as Terk
*[[Scott Weinger]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Russi Taylor]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Wayne Allwine]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]
*[[Seth Adkins]] ... as [[Pinocchio]]
*[[Kathryn Beaumont]] ... as Alice and Wendy
*[[Jodi Benson]] ... as Ariel
*[[Susan Blakeslee]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Brian Blessed]] ... as Clayton
*[[Corey Burton]] ... as [[Captain Hook]], Doorknob, Flotsam, Jetsam, and White Rabbit
*[[Eddie Carroll]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Pat Carroll]] ... as [[Ursula]]
*[[John Fiedler]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Jess Harnell]] ... as Dr. Finkelstein and Lock
*[[Naia Kelly]] ... as Jane Porter
*[[Eli Linnetz]] ... as Flounder
*[[Tress MacNeille]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and [[Queen of Hearts]]
*[[Mark Moseley]] ... as Mushu
*[[Tony Pope]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Kevin Michael Richardson]] ... as Sebastian
</div><div style="float:right; width:48%;">

=== Japanese language version ===
*[[Miyu Irino]] ... as [[Sora]]
*[[Mamoru Miyano]] ... as Riku
*[[Risa Uchida]] ... as Kairi
*[[Koichi Yamadera]] ... as [[Donald Duck]], Genie, Mushu, Beast, Sebastian
*[[Yutaka Shimaka]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[Kaneta Kimotsuki]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Toshiko Sawada]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Akio Otsuka]] ... as Ansem
*[[Mayuko Aoki]] ... as Selphie
*[[Masakazu Morita]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Kazuya Nakai]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Hideo Ishikawa]] ... as Leon
*[[Yumi Kakazu]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Maaya Sakamoto]] ... as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]]
*[[Takahiro Sakurai]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[Yuko Mizutani]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Mika Doi]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and Alice
*[[Shigeru Ushiyama]] ... as the White Rabbit
*[[Sumie Ozawa]] ... as the Queen Of Hearts
*[[Takehiro Koyama]] ... as the Doorknob
*[[Yasunori Matsumoto]] ... as Hercules
*[[Ichiro Nagai]] ... as Philoctetes
*[[Kyusaku Shimada]] ... as Hades
*[[Juurouta Kosugi]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Banjou Ginga]] ... as Clayton
*[[Mayumi Suzuki]] ... as Jane Porter, Ariel
*[[Yuko Doi]] ... as Terk. Sally, Shock
*[[Shinichiro Miki]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Kaori Aso]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Akira Takarada]] ... as Jafar
*[[Akira Kamiya]] ... as Iago
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Yuki Tokiwa]] ... as Pinocchio, Flounder
*[[Taro Ishida]] ... as King Triton
*[[Kujira]] ... as Ursula
*[[Shuichiro Moriyama]] ... as Flotsam and Jetsam
*[[Masachika Ichimura]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Toru Ohira]] ... as the Mayor
*[[Yuji Mitsuya]] ... as Dr. Finklestein
*[[Hiroshi Hatanaka]] ... as Oogie Boogie
*[[Shintaro Sono'oka]] ... as Lock
*[[Shigeo Matsuzawa]] ... as Barrel
*[[Mitsuo Iwata]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Chikao Ohtsuka]] ... as Captain Hook
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Mr. Smee
*[[Yuriko Fuchisaki]] ... as Wendy
*[[Shun Yashiro]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]]
*[[Tessho Genda]] ... as [[Tigger]]
*[[Kiyoshi Komiyama]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Yakashi Aoyagi]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]
</div> 

==Characters==
[[Image:Kingdom Hearts logo.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Official ''Kingdom Hearts'' [[logo]].]]

{{spoiler}}

===Sora===
The hero of the game, Sora is fourteen years old and on a quest to find his friends while saving various worlds from the Heartless. He carries a peculiar weapon, the Keyblade, and travels with Disney characters Donald Duck and Goofy who are looking for their king, [[Mickey Mouse]], while Sora searches for his two friends; Kairi and Riku. As a teenager, Sora has his share of concerns, but overall, he manages to keep an upbeat attitude. He seems simple-minded at times, but he has a strong sense of justice. His heart remains loyal to the light, no matter what.

===Riku===
One of Sora's best friends, Riku is fifteen years old, and he lived with him on Destiny Islands. Although Riku is Sora's best friend, there's alot of conflict between those two in games, and when Kairi came to their island, there was a rivalry between them for her. Riku is older than his friends and much more serious than them. He cannot stand living in the enclosed world of the islands and seeks to find a way out. He and his two friends start to build a raft in hopes to sail to another world at the start of the game. However, when the Heartless attack the islands, Riku seems to have no fear of the darkness they bring and goes into it willingly. After discovering new worlds, he searches in an attempt to find them, but when he finds Sora with Donald Duck and Goofy, Riku assumes that Sora has abandoned him. After that, Riku joined with Maleficent and starts searching primarily for Kairi. He made several attempts on Sora's life, including stealing the Keyblade and his friends, because Riku was meant to have the Keyblade and he seemingly believed that Sora is far too weak to protect Kairi. But Riku was cast into the World of Darkness after his body was taken over by Ansem. He then assisted Sora in closing the door to Kingdom Hearts, with himself behind it.

===Kairi===
Sora's other best friend who lives with him and Riku on Destiny Islands, Kairi is also 14 years old. She's very cheerful and perky and seems to be a bit of a tomboy. She was not born on the island, but came there from Hollow Bastion, presumably 11 years ago (when Ansem lost his mind and body). Her appearance on the island caused a rift between Sora and Riku, and their friendship hasn't been exactly the same since.

Kairi also disappears after the destruction of Destiny Islands, and Sora doesn't find her until he reaches Neverland. Though she is lifeless here, she reacts to Sora's voice by slowly closing her fist. Riku reveals that she lost her heart sometime between the destruction of their home and his finding her, and that he joined Maleficent to locate her heart. Kairi also seems to have some connection to Hollow Bastion and its mysterious keyhole, which is said to need "seven princesses of heart" to open. Kairi is one of the "Princesses of Heart".
In Japanese, the word Kai (part of Kairi) can mean "ocean". As Sora means sky and Riku means ground, one can infer their own conclusions from this.

===[[Donald Duck]]===
Donald Duck appears as a magician, capable of doing various spells from curative to offensive. He, along with Goofy, go to find their missing king, who has gone on a mission to investigate the bedlam the kingdom is under, as well as the Keyblade Master. He contributes to the party with his repetoire of spells and also brings the comic antics he never seems to lose throughout the Disney series'.

===[[Goofy]]===
Goofy appears with Donald on the same mission. He appears as a warrior, a master in physical stats (HP, strength, and defense). He is the Captain of the Royal Knights and despises weapon usage, so he uses a shield to attack and defend, and is the king's most loyal subject. He is a great help and is the group's pack mule (he carries the most accessories and items). Like Donald, his comical antics never seem to die out.

===Disney villains===
The villains of ''Kingdom Hearts''. Led by [[Maleficent]], they are composed of [[Jafar]], [[Hades]], [[Ursula]], [[Oogie Boogie]], and [[Captain Hook]]. They use the Heartless for their evil plans in order to obtain seven maidens of the purest heart, called the Princesses of Heart, and to dominate their resident world under their rule or vengeance, etc. As Ansem's journal said, once they had obtained all seven such Princesses, they will be able to unlock the Final Keyhole. Other Disney villians that also appear but are not affiliated with Maleficent are [[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Clayton]] (Who used the Heartless to hunt Gorillas) and one of the villains from Wonderland (it is debatable whether the Wonderland villain is the [[Queen of Hearts]] or the [[Cheshire_cat|Cheshire Cat]], but neither used Heartless.) (In the manga, however, the Cheshire Cat was affiliated with Maleficent, but betrayed them).

===[[Ansem]]===
The true main villain of ''Kingdom Hearts'', he was hiding in the shadows until [[Maleficent]] gathered all seven Princesses of Heart. He was the ruler of Hollow Bastion (previously the home of most of the Final Fantasy characters, as well as Kairi), but he went insane due to his research on the Heartless, believing that only the power of darkness rules existence. He entered the darkness, losing his body in the process, but had a will great enough to withstand becoming a Heartless himself, and instead became something more. Deceiving Riku into letting him possess the boy's body, Ansem regained his physical form and purged Riku's heart from him when he tried to fight back. Sora followed Ansem to the world beyond the Final Keyhole, the End of the World, where the door to Kingdom Hearts awaited, and defeated him before Kingdom Hearts was fully opened. Although Ansem dies in the end of the game, he lives on in Riku's mind and heart and returns in ''Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories'', the sequel.

He has connections to the man named "DiZ", a strangely bound and bondaged character wearing red. He can be seen in both "Chain of Memories" as well as "Kingdom Hearts II". It is unknown what his true motive is, however, he is said to be "both Ansem and not Ansem".

===[[XIII Order|Unknown]]===
A mysterious cloaked figure, known also as "The Enigmatic Man" who appears at Hollow Bastion in ''Final Mix'' as an optional boss. He serves as a prelude to the game's sequels, being the first member of the organiziation Sora encountered. He doesn't talk; he speaks to Sora in his mind.

===The [[Heartless]]===
The Heartless are creatures born of the darkness in people's hearts. When they consume a person's heart, their body vanishes and their heart falls to darkness. Almost all of them are branded with the same symbol. The Heartless with that symbol was created by Ansem, using a machine that artificially creates Heartless. They pursue the wielder of the Keyblade, Sora, although their reasons are not entirely clear.

===''Final Fantasy'' cameos===
On Destiny Islands, the player meets younger versions of [[Tidus]], [[Wakka]] (both from ''[[Final Fantasy X]]''), and [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]] (from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]''). In Traverse Town, the player encounters [[Squall Leonhart|Squall]] (under the alias of '''Leon''') from ''Final Fantasy VIII'', as well as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]] (known as Aeris in the US), [[Cid Highwind|Cid]], and [[Yuffie Kisaragi|Yuffie]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]''. [[Rikku]] from ''Final Fantasy X'' was originally going to be a [[cameo]] but she was later replaced with Yuffie, and Irvine from ''Final Fantasy VIII'' was replaced by Wakka. In the Olympus Collesium, the player gets to fight Leon, Yuffie, and [[Cloud Strife]] of ''Final Fantasy VII''. In the American and ''Final Mix'' versions, the player gets to fight [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]] from ''Final Fantasy VII'' as well, and ''Final Mix'' has an additional scene in which Cloud and Sephiroth fight to the death.

The game also uses other ''Final Fantasy'' icons. [[Moogle]]s make an appearance and help you obtain the ultimate weapon (the aptly named '''Ultima Weapon'''). Several other weapons, such as Lionheart and Save the Queen, have a ''Final Fantasy'' theme. The [[Final Fantasy magic|Final Fantasy Magic]] Naming System (ie. Cure, Cura, Curaga, etc.) is also in place. The names of various spells are the names of Gummi blocks, and various summons, weapons, bosses, and monsters are the names of Gummi ships blueprints.

==The Keyblade==
A legendary weapon that is said to have both saved the world AND to have destroyed it.
The main weapon in ''Kingdom Hearts'', the '''Keyblade''', is wielded by Sora and is the only thing that can lock the worlds, thus preventing the Heartless from consuming the heart of a world. It is the only weapon that can destroy the Heartless completely, though because of it, the wielder, Sora, is constantly pursued by the Heartless. They are mainly drawn to Sora's heart, however, not the Keyblade.

The Keyblade is upgradable via keychains, each of which change its appearance and powers.

'''List of Keychains'''
* Kingdom Key
* Jungle King
* Three Wishes
* Spellbinder
* Crabclaw
* Pumpkinhead
* Wishing Star
* Fairy Harp
* Lady Luck
* Olympia
* Metal Chocobo
* Divine Rose
* Lionheart
* Oathkeeper
* Oblivion
* Ultima Weapon

'''Final Mix Keyblades'''
* One-Winged Angel
* Diamond Dust

==Positive criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' received a generally positive response from reviewers upon release. Most lauded the game's unique battle system, [[computer graphics|graphics]] (both in an artistic and a technical sense) and [[storyline]], which, despite being somewhat simple for RPG standards (Although that will be changed in the game's sequels), managed to successfully combine classic Disney characters with a darker, Squaresoft-style story (However, it should be noted that ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit]]'' attempted to combine Disney characters with a dark storyline before ''Kingdom Hearts'' but failed due the fact that the cartoon characters (Not just Disney) were kept the same, which didn't blend consistenly whereas ''Kingdom Hearts'' had to change Donald and Goofy's personalities a little to fit with the more serious tone. The game also received good notices for the [[voice actor|voice acting]] used, as it is an aspect of video games that is considered difficult to do well (although this game could be considered an exception in that department, seeing as Disney was the one in charge of the voice acting and most of the cast reprised their roles from the original movies/animated series).

==Negative criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' has been criticized by some fans for ruining the ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' characters placed in it. For example, several characters are made younger and do not play a major role in the story. Some of the voice actors for the more popular ''Final Fantasy'' characters (for example, [[Mandy Moore]] voicing [[Aerith Gainsborough]] and [[Lance Bass]] as [[Sephiroth (Final Fantasy VII)|Sephiroth]]) were seen as another element of error. Other criticisms include the addition of [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters (many ''Final Fantasy'' and RPG fans were turned-off by elements they considered to be for children), and awkward camera angles during battles.

Many also felt that, whilst original, the combination of Square and Disney did not work as well as it could have, with aspects of both the story and gameplay swinging between 'Disney-style' and 'Square-style', without reaching an acceptable middle ground for most of the game.
Several elements of the combat system were also criticized, particularly the use of menu-based items and magic in what was a frequently hectic real-time battle scenario.

Another criticism levelled by reviewers and players alike revolves around the Gummi ship missions, with the main complaint being that they are not up to the same standard of play as the rest of game. That, and they are essentially pointless later on. The missions themselves are boring and pointless, serving no purpose other than getting from point A to point B. Note that ''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'' has tweaked the Gummi Ship system. The developers seem to have taken these comments onboard as the sequel, ''Kingdom Hearts II'' reportedly features an overhaul of this aspect of the series, by making the ship missions optional, and creating the main form of transportation a train.[http://ps2.ign.com/articles/574/574443p1.html]

==Trivia==
* The secret boss Kurt Zisa was named after the winner of a publicity contest held by Squaresoft to promote the game.

* In addition to Kurt Zisa, other additional bosses in the game include Phantom (located in Clock Tower section of Neverland, accessible after you beat Hollow Bastion), Ice Titan, and Sephiroth (both are in the Colliseum and accessible after you lock Hollow Bastion). These bosses do not need to be defeated to complete the story, but are a source of many experience points, items, and munny. While the Phantom is present in the Japanese version, the rest of the optional bosses are not. They were added later along with a few new optional bosses in the ''Final Mix'' version.

==Packaging artwork==
<center>
<gallery>
Image:Kingdom Hearts Japan box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 Japan, 2002
Image:Khbox.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 North America, 2002
Image:Kingdom Hearts Europe box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 Europe, 2002
Image:Kingdom Hearts Final Mix box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'' Sony PlayStation 2 Japan, 2002
</gallery>
</center>

==Sequels==
[[Image:Characters.jpg|thumb|Right|185px|Characters of ''Kingdom Hearts II''.]]

===Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories===
''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'', the [[Game Boy Advance]] [[sequel]] to the original game, takes place directly after the plot of ''Kingdom Hearts'', and provides the link between ''Kingdom Hearts'' and ''Kingdom Hearts II''. In the beginning, Sora meets a mysterious man who leads him to Castle Oblivion. There, Sora visits replicas of the worlds in the original game, created by his own memories. The game abandoned ''Kingdom Hearts'''s battle system, focusing on card-based game play. These cards can be used to create new worlds, open doors, and attack Heartless. The game was released on [[December 7]], [[2004]].

===Kingdom Hearts II===
A second sequel, ''[[Kingdom Hearts II]]'' for the [[PlayStation 2]], is in the works. Taking place a year after ''Kingdom Hearts'', ''Kingdom Hearts II'' will feature Sora, Donald and Goofy, as well as a vibrant new cast of characters, including [[Mickey Mouse|King Mickey]] himself and familar faces. The Heartless are still running loose and a mysterious [[XIII Order|group]] is plotting against Sora. KH2 is being released in Japan some time in Winter 2005. Meanwhile, the North American release is being pushed back to 2006.

==External links==
* [http://www.kingdomhearts.com/ Official ''Kingdom Hearts'' site]
* [http://www.kingdom-hearts.com/ Official international ''Kingdom Hearts ''site]
* [http://www.kh2.co.uk/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' Ultimania]
* [http://www.sorasdomain.net/ Sora's Domain]
* [http://www.ffinsider.net/kh/ ''Kingdom Hearts '' Insider]
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0322968/ ''Kingdom Hearts''] at the [[Internet Movie Database]]
{| align="center" cellspacing="0" class="toccolours" style="clear:both;text-align:center"
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| style="background:#ccf;" width="33%"| '''''None'''''
| width="33%" | '''''Kingdom Hearts'''''
| style="background:#ccf;" | '''''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'''''
|}

{{FinalFantasy series}}

[[Category:PlayStation 2 games]]
[[category:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[it:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[de:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[fr:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[ja:キングダムハーツ]]

Kingdom Hearts (Computerspiel)

2005-10-13T17:21:12Z

64.12.117.8: /* Trivia */

{{Infobox CVG| title = Kingdom Hearts
|image = [[Image:Khbox.jpg|center|250px|Kingdom Hearts North American pagacking artwork]]
|developer = [[Square Co., Ltd.]]
|publisher = <div style="white-space: nowrap;">[[Square Co., Ltd.]] ''(Japan)'' [[Square Electronic Arts|Square EA]] ''(N. America)'' [[Sony Computer Entertainment|SCEE]] ''(Europe)''
|designer =
|engine =
|released = <div style="white-space: nowrap;">[[March 28]], [[2002]] ''(Japan)'' [[September 17]], [[2002]] ''(N. America)'' [[November 15]], [[2002]] ''(Europe)'' [[December 26]], [[2002]] ''(Japan) — as'' Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix
|genre = [[computer role playing game|RPG]]
|modes = [[Single player]]
|ratings = [[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]]: [[Image:ESRB_E.png|12px|E]] Everyone
|platforms = [[PlayStation 2]]
|media = [[DVD-ROM]]
|requirements =
|input =
}}
'''''Kingdom Hearts''''' ([[Japanese_language|Japanese]]: キングダムハーツ ''Kingudamu Hātsu'') is a hybrid action/[[computer role-playing game|RPG]] that was released in [[Autumn]] of [[2002]], which is notable for being the result of a collaboration between the video game developer and publisher [[Square Co., Ltd.|Square]] and [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]].
{{TOCleft}}
{{-}}
==Overview==
[[Image:Kingdom Hearts Battle Screenshot.jpg|thumb|left|A typical battle in ''Kingdom Hearts'' (North American version).]]
''Kingdom Hearts'' begins on lush tropical islands called "Destiny Islands", home to the main characters [[Sora]], [[Riku]], and [[Kairi]]. The three children wish to leave the island that they have been confined to all their life, so they build a raft to escape. The night before the voyage, a storm sweeps through the island, and evil creatures called the Heartless appear. The three friends are separated. Then, when Sora finds Riku surrounded by darkness, Riku disappears and Sora has to fight the [[Heartless]]. Afterwards he receives his weapon, the mystical Keyblade. Using the Keyblade and teaming up with various [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters, such as [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], he seeks to defeat the Heartless and be reunited with his friends.

It is an action-based RPG, featuring realtime rendered backgrounds and scenery. The music is composed by [[Yoko Shimomura]], the ending credits theme {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - March Caprice For Piano And Orchestra.ogg|sample}} and opening orchestration {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari (Orchestrated Instrumental).ogg|sample}} is by [[Kaoru Wada]], and the main vocal theme is "Hikari" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari.ogg|sample}} (light) known as "[[Simple and Clean]]" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Simple And Clean.ogg|sample}} in Western releases. Both versions of the song were composed and performed by [[Utada Hikaru]].

==Plot==
{{spoiler}}
In ''Kingdom Hearts'', a villain has used the Heartless to tear down the walls between the many worlds. Lead character Sora, as well as popular [[Disney]] characters [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], must travel to each of these worlds, using the mighty Keyblade, while collecting its powerful forms, to seal the entrances to the hearts of the worlds before the Heartless can destroy them. The primary villain, [[Ansem]], seeks to find the door into utter darkness. Sora's former best friend, Riku, has been seduced by the darkness, and makes several attempts to end Sora's life. As for Kairi, her heart was taken, because she was one of the "seven princesses of heart" (replacing Ariel from ''The Little Mermaid'' since she is a party member in one world).

==Final Mix==
[[Image:Cloud and Sephiroth KHFM.jpg|200px|thumb|top|right|Cloud and Sephiroth's new [[cutscene]].]]

[[Image:Neo Shadow.jpg|200px|thumb|bottom|right|Neoshadows in ''Final Mix''.]]

In ''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'', the [[Japan]]ese re-release of the game, several events and a number of gameplay tweaks were added that were not in the American release. Various new enemies, abilities, and weapons were added, and slight changes have been made to affect the game's difficulty. The game ends with what many fans assume to be two teaser trailers for ''Kingdom Hearts II,'' (the first of which was also available in the North American version by doing a lot of side-quests) a sequel which has been recently been announced. In the second teaser, titled '''Deep Dive''', Mickey and four other cloaked figures are shown. One of the Unknowns carries two keyblades and has been confirmed as the Blonde Haired Kid, and another is blindfolded and has been confirmed as Riku. The game features two new keyblades for Sora, the One-Winged Angel and the Diamond Dust blade, both of which can only be obtained in the coliseum. It also includes a special boss fight: at the Hollow Bastion, the optional Boss is the Enigmatic Man, a member of the [[XIII Order]].

==Worlds==
The many worlds in which the game takes place include various Disney settings (nearly all of which are part of the [[List of Disney animated features|Disney animated features canon]] and most of which "crossed over" in gag cameos in their original movies), as well as some original ones.

The Disney-based worlds:
* Wonderland, from ''[[Alice in Wonderland (1951 film)|Alice in Wonderland]]''
* Deep Jungle, from ''[[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Tarzan]]''
* Olympus Coliseum, from ''[[Hercules (1997 movie)|Hercules]]''
* Agrabah, from ''[[Aladdin (1992 movie)|Aladdin]]''
* Monstro, from ''[[Pinocchio (1940 movie)|Pinocchio]]''
* Atlantica, from ''[[The Little Mermaid (movie)|The Little Mermaid]]''
* [[Halloween]] Town, from ''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas]]'' (The movie's first video game appearance.)
* [[Neverland]], from ''[[Peter Pan (1953 movie)|Peter Pan]]'' (The world's name is somewhat a misnomer because the action takes place on Captain Hook's ship and a minor bit as well as a secret boss in [[London]]; as such, the actual Neverland is not actually visited.)
* Hundred Acre Wood, from ''[[Winnie the Pooh]]''

The original worlds:
* [[Destiny Islands]]
* [[Traverse Town]]
* [[Hollow Bastion]]
* End of the World
* Disney Castle (non-playable, not to be confused with [[Sleeping Beauty Castle]])

== Voice cast ==
''Note: Most of the Disney Characters are voiced by their original voice actors from the movies or their voice actors for the animated series (where applicable, e.g. [[Dan Castellaneta]] as Genie, rather than [[Robin Williams]].)''
<div style="float:left; width:48%;">
=== English language version ===

*[[Haley Joel Osment]] ... as Sora
*[[Tony Anselmo]] ... as [[Donald Duck]]
*[[Bill Farmer]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[David Gallagher]] ... as Riku
*[[Hayden Panettiere]] ... as Kairi
*[[Billy Zane]] ... as [[Ansem]]
*[[David Boreanaz]] ... as Leon ([[Squall Leonhart]])
*[[Mandy Moore]] ... as [[Aerith Gainsborough]]
*[[Steve Burton]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[James Lance Bass]] ... as [[Sephiroth (Final Fantasy VII)|Sephiroth]]
*[[Sean Astin]] ... as Hercules
*[[Bobby Castanzo]] ... as Philoctetes (Phil)
*[[Robby Benson]] ... as Beast
*[[Dan Castellaneta]] ... as Genie
*[[Gilbert Gottfried]] ... as Iago
*[[James Woods]] ... as Hades
*[[Christy Carlson Romano]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Dee Bradley Baker]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Shaun Flemming]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Molly Keck]] ... as [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]]
*[[Chris Sarandon]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Rita Rudner]] ... as Sally
*[[Kath Soucie]] ... as Sora's mother and Shock
*[[Jeff Bennett]] ... as Barrel, The Mayor, and Mr. Smee
*[[Ken Page]] ... as [[Oogie Boogie]]
*[[Kenneth Mars|Ken Mars]] ... as King Triton
*[[Jim Cummings]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]] and [[Tigger]]
*[[Jonathan Freeman]] ... as [[Jafar]]
*[[Tony Goldwyn]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Linda Larkin]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Chris Steele]] ... as [[Peter Pan]]
*[[Audrey Wasilewski]] ... as Terk
*[[Scott Weinger]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Russi Taylor]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Wayne Allwine]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]
*[[Seth Adkins]] ... as [[Pinocchio]]
*[[Kathryn Beaumont]] ... as Alice and Wendy
*[[Jodi Benson]] ... as Ariel
*[[Susan Blakeslee]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Brian Blessed]] ... as Clayton
*[[Corey Burton]] ... as [[Captain Hook]], Doorknob, Flotsam, Jetsam, and White Rabbit
*[[Eddie Carroll]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Pat Carroll]] ... as [[Ursula]]
*[[John Fiedler]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Jess Harnell]] ... as Dr. Finkelstein and Lock
*[[Naia Kelly]] ... as Jane Porter
*[[Eli Linnetz]] ... as Flounder
*[[Tress MacNeille]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and [[Queen of Hearts]]
*[[Mark Moseley]] ... as Mushu
*[[Tony Pope]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Kevin Michael Richardson]] ... as Sebastian
</div><div style="float:right; width:48%;">

=== Japanese language version ===
*[[Miyu Irino]] ... as [[Sora]]
*[[Mamoru Miyano]] ... as Riku
*[[Risa Uchida]] ... as Kairi
*[[Koichi Yamadera]] ... as [[Donald Duck]], Genie, Mushu, Beast, Sebastian
*[[Yutaka Shimaka]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[Kaneta Kimotsuki]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Toshiko Sawada]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Akio Otsuka]] ... as Ansem
*[[Mayuko Aoki]] ... as Selphie
*[[Masakazu Morita]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Kazuya Nakai]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Hideo Ishikawa]] ... as Leon
*[[Yumi Kakazu]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Maaya Sakamoto]] ... as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]]
*[[Takahiro Sakurai]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[Yuko Mizutani]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Mika Doi]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and Alice
*[[Shigeru Ushiyama]] ... as the White Rabbit
*[[Sumie Ozawa]] ... as the Queen Of Hearts
*[[Takehiro Koyama]] ... as the Doorknob
*[[Yasunori Matsumoto]] ... as Hercules
*[[Ichiro Nagai]] ... as Philoctetes
*[[Kyusaku Shimada]] ... as Hades
*[[Juurouta Kosugi]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Banjou Ginga]] ... as Clayton
*[[Mayumi Suzuki]] ... as Jane Porter, Ariel
*[[Yuko Doi]] ... as Terk. Sally, Shock
*[[Shinichiro Miki]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Kaori Aso]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Akira Takarada]] ... as Jafar
*[[Akira Kamiya]] ... as Iago
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Yuki Tokiwa]] ... as Pinocchio, Flounder
*[[Taro Ishida]] ... as King Triton
*[[Kujira]] ... as Ursula
*[[Shuichiro Moriyama]] ... as Flotsam and Jetsam
*[[Masachika Ichimura]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Toru Ohira]] ... as the Mayor
*[[Yuji Mitsuya]] ... as Dr. Finklestein
*[[Hiroshi Hatanaka]] ... as Oogie Boogie
*[[Shintaro Sono'oka]] ... as Lock
*[[Shigeo Matsuzawa]] ... as Barrel
*[[Mitsuo Iwata]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Chikao Ohtsuka]] ... as Captain Hook
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Mr. Smee
*[[Yuriko Fuchisaki]] ... as Wendy
*[[Shun Yashiro]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]]
*[[Tessho Genda]] ... as [[Tigger]]
*[[Kiyoshi Komiyama]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Yakashi Aoyagi]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]
</div> 

==Characters==
[[Image:Kingdom Hearts logo.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Official ''Kingdom Hearts'' [[logo]].]]

{{spoiler}}

===Sora===
The hero of the game, Sora is fourteen years old and on a quest to find his friends while saving various worlds from the Heartless. He carries a peculiar weapon, the Keyblade, and travels with Disney characters Donald Duck and Goofy who are looking for their king, [[Mickey Mouse]], while Sora searches for his two friends; Kairi and Riku. As a teenager, Sora has his share of concerns, but overall, he manages to keep an upbeat attitude. He seems simple-minded at times, but he has a strong sense of justice. His heart remains loyal to the light, no matter what.

===Riku===
One of Sora's best friends, Riku is fifteen years old, and he lived with him on Destiny Islands. Although Riku is Sora's best friend, there's alot of conflict between those two in games, and when Kairi came to their island, there was a rivalry between them for her. Riku is older than his friends and much more serious than them. He cannot stand living in the enclosed world of the islands and seeks to find a way out. He and his two friends start to build a raft in hopes to sail to another world at the start of the game. However, when the Heartless attack the islands, Riku seems to have no fear of the darkness they bring and goes into it willingly. After discovering new worlds, he searches in an attempt to find them, but when he finds Sora with Donald Duck and Goofy, Riku assumes that Sora has abandoned him. After that, Riku joined with Maleficent and starts searching primarily for Kairi. He made several attempts on Sora's life, including stealing the Keyblade and his friends, because Riku was meant to have the Keyblade and he seemingly believed that Sora is far too weak to protect Kairi. But Riku was cast into the World of Darkness after his body was taken over by Ansem. He then assisted Sora in closing the door to Kingdom Hearts, with himself behind it.

===Kairi===
Sora's other best friend who lives with him and Riku on Destiny Islands, Kairi is also 14 years old. She's very cheerful and perky and seems to be a bit of a tomboy. She was not born on the island, but came there from Hollow Bastion, presumably 11 years ago (when Ansem lost his mind and body). Her appearance on the island caused a rift between Sora and Riku, and their friendship hasn't been exactly the same since.

Kairi also disappears after the destruction of Destiny Islands, and Sora doesn't find her until he reaches Neverland. Though she is lifeless here, she reacts to Sora's voice by slowly closing her fist. Riku reveals that she lost her heart sometime between the destruction of their home and his finding her, and that he joined Maleficent to locate her heart. Kairi also seems to have some connection to Hollow Bastion and its mysterious keyhole, which is said to need "seven princesses of heart" to open. Kairi is one of the "Princesses of Heart".
In Japanese, the word Kai (part of Kairi) can mean "ocean". As Sora means sky and Riku means ground, one can infer their own conclusions from this.

===[[Donald Duck]]===
Donald Duck appears as a magician, capable of doing various spells from curative to offensive. He, along with Goofy, go to find their missing king, who has gone on a mission to investigate the bedlam the kingdom is under, as well as the Keyblade Master. He contributes to the party with his repetoire of spells and also brings the comic antics he never seems to lose throughout the Disney series'.

===[[Goofy]]===
Goofy appears with Donald on the same mission. He appears as a warrior, a master in physical stats (HP, strength, and defense). He is the Captain of the Royal Knights and despises weapon usage, so he uses a shield to attack and defend, and is the king's most loyal subject. He is a great help and is the group's pack mule (he carries the most accessories and items). Like Donald, his comical antics never seem to die out.

===Disney villains===
The villains of ''Kingdom Hearts''. Led by [[Maleficent]], they are composed of [[Jafar]], [[Hades]], [[Ursula]], [[Oogie Boogie]], and [[Captain Hook]]. They use the Heartless for their evil plans in order to obtain seven maidens of the purest heart, called the Princesses of Heart, and to dominate their resident world under their rule or vengeance, etc. As Ansem's journal said, once they had obtained all seven such Princesses, they will be able to unlock the Final Keyhole. Other Disney villians that also appear but are not affiliated with Maleficent are [[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Clayton]] (Who used the Heartless to hunt Gorillas) and one of the villains from Wonderland (it is debatable whether the Wonderland villain is the [[Queen of Hearts]] or the [[Cheshire_cat|Cheshire Cat]], but neither used Heartless.) (In the manga, however, the Cheshire Cat was affiliated with Maleficent, but betrayed them).

===[[Ansem]]===
The true main villain of ''Kingdom Hearts'', he was hiding in the shadows until [[Maleficent]] gathered all seven Princesses of Heart. He was the ruler of Hollow Bastion (previously the home of most of the Final Fantasy characters, as well as Kairi), but he went insane due to his research on the Heartless, believing that only the power of darkness rules existence. He entered the darkness, losing his body in the process, but had a will great enough to withstand becoming a Heartless himself, and instead became something more. Deceiving Riku into letting him possess the boy's body, Ansem regained his physical form and purged Riku's heart from him when he tried to fight back. Sora followed Ansem to the world beyond the Final Keyhole, the End of the World, where the door to Kingdom Hearts awaited, and defeated him before Kingdom Hearts was fully opened. Although Ansem dies in the end of the game, he lives on in Riku's mind and heart and returns in ''Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories'', the sequel.

He has connections to the man named "DiZ", a strangely bound and bondaged character wearing red. He can be seen in both "Chain of Memories" as well as "Kingdom Hearts II". It is unknown what his true motive is, however, he is said to be "both Ansem and not Ansem".

===[[XIII Order|Unknown]]===
A mysterious cloaked figure, known also as "The Enigmatic Man" who appears at Hollow Bastion in ''Final Mix'' as an optional boss. He serves as a prelude to the game's sequels, being the first member of the organiziation Sora encountered. He doesn't talk; he speaks to Sora in his mind.

===The [[Heartless]]===
The Heartless are creatures born of the darkness in people's hearts. When they consume a person's heart, their body vanishes and their heart falls to darkness. Almost all of them are branded with the same symbol. The Heartless with that symbol was created by Ansem, using a machine that artificially creates Heartless. They pursue the wielder of the Keyblade, Sora, although their reasons are not entirely clear.

===''Final Fantasy'' cameos===
On Destiny Islands, the player meets younger versions of [[Tidus]], [[Wakka]] (both from ''[[Final Fantasy X]]''), and [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]] (from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]''). In Traverse Town, the player encounters [[Squall Leonhart|Squall]] (under the alias of '''Leon''') from ''Final Fantasy VIII'', as well as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]] (known as Aeris in the US), [[Cid Highwind|Cid]], and [[Yuffie Kisaragi|Yuffie]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]''. [[Rikku]] from ''Final Fantasy X'' was originally going to be a [[cameo]] but she was later replaced with Yuffie, and Irvine from ''Final Fantasy VIII'' was replaced by Wakka. In the Olympus Collesium, the player gets to fight Leon, Yuffie, and [[Cloud Strife]] of ''Final Fantasy VII''. In the American and ''Final Mix'' versions, the player gets to fight [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]] from ''Final Fantasy VII'' as well, and ''Final Mix'' has an additional scene in which Cloud and Sephiroth fight to the death.

The game also uses other ''Final Fantasy'' icons. [[Moogle]]s make an appearance and help you obtain the ultimate weapon (the aptly named '''Ultima Weapon'''). Several other weapons, such as Lionheart and Save the Queen, have a ''Final Fantasy'' theme. The [[Final Fantasy magic|Final Fantasy Magic]] Naming System (ie. Cure, Cura, Curaga, etc.) is also in place. The names of various spells are the names of Gummi blocks, and various summons, weapons, bosses, and monsters are the names of Gummi ships blueprints.

==The Keyblade==
A legendary weapon that is said to have both saved the world AND to have destroyed it.
The main weapon in ''Kingdom Hearts'', the '''Keyblade''', is wielded by Sora and is the only thing that can lock the worlds, thus preventing the Heartless from consuming the heart of a world. It is the only weapon that can destroy the Heartless completely, though because of it, the wielder, Sora, is constantly pursued by the Heartless. They are mainly drawn to Sora's heart, however, not the Keyblade.

The Keyblade is upgradable via keychains, each of which change its appearance and powers.

'''List of Keychains'''
* Kingdom Key
* Jungle King
* Three Wishes
* Spellbinder
* Crabclaw
* Pumpkinhead
* Wishing Star
* Fairy Harp
* Lady Luck
* Olympia
* Metal Chocobo
* Divine Rose
* Lionheart
* Oathkeeper
* Oblivion
* Ultima Weapon

'''Final Mix Keyblades'''
* One-Winged Angel
* Diamond Dust

==Positive criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' received a generally positive response from reviewers upon release. Most lauded the game's unique battle system, [[computer graphics|graphics]] (both in an artistic and a technical sense) and [[storyline]], which, despite being somewhat simple for RPG standards (Although that will be changed in the game's sequels), managed to successfully combine classic Disney characters with a darker, Squaresoft-style story (However, it should be noted that ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit]]'' attempted to combine Disney characters with a dark storyline before ''Kingdom Hearts'' but failed due the fact that the cartoon characters (Not just Disney) were kept the same, which didn't blend consistenly whereas ''Kingdom Hearts'' had to change Donald and Goofy's personalities a little to fit with the more serious tone.). The game also received good notices for the [[voice actor|voice acting]] used, as it is an aspect of video games that is considered difficult to do well (Although this game could be considered an exception in that department, seeing as Disney was the one in charge of the voice acting and most of the cast reprised their roles from the original movies/animated series.).

==Negative criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' has been criticized by some fans for ruining the ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' characters placed in it. For example, several characters are made younger and do not play a major role in the story. Some of the voice actors for the more popular ''Final Fantasy'' characters (for example, [[Mandy Moore]] voicing [[Aerith Gainsborough]] and [[Lance Bass]] as [[Sephiroth (Final Fantasy VII)|Sephiroth]]) were seen as another element of error. Other criticisms include the addition of [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters (many ''Final Fantasy'' and RPG fans were turned-off by elements they considered to be for children), and awkward camera angles during battles.

Many also felt that, whilst original, the combination of Square and Disney did not work as well as it could have, with aspects of both the story and gameplay swinging between 'Disney-style' and 'Square-style', without reaching an acceptable middle ground for most of the game.
Several elements of the combat system were also criticized, particularly the use of menu-based items and magic in what was a frequently hectic real-time battle scenario.

Another criticism levelled by reviewers and players alike revolves around the Gummi ship missions, with the main complaint being that they are not up to the same standard of play as the rest of game. That, and they are essentially pointless later on. The missions themselves are boring and pointless, serving no purpose other than getting from point A to point B. Note that ''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'' has tweaked the Gummi Ship system. The developers seem to have taken these comments onboard as the sequel, ''Kingdom Hearts II'' reportedly features an overhaul of this aspect of the series, by making the ship missions optional, and creating the main form of transportation a train.[http://ps2.ign.com/articles/574/574443p1.html]

==Trivia==
* The secret boss Kurt Zisa was named after the winner of a publicity contest held by Squaresoft to promote the game.

* In addition to Kurt Zisa, other additional bosses in the game include Phantom (located in Clock Tower section of Neverland, accessible after you beat Hollow Bastion), Ice Titan, and Sephiroth (both are in the Colliseum and accessible after you lock Hollow Bastion). These bosses do not need to be defeated to complete the story, but are a source of many experience points, items, and munny. While the Phantom is present in the Japanese version, the rest of the optional bosses are not. They were added later along with a few new optional bosses in the ''Final Mix'' version.

==Packaging artwork==
<center>
<gallery>
Image:Kingdom Hearts Japan box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 Japan, 2002
Image:Khbox.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 North America, 2002
Image:Kingdom Hearts Europe box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 Europe, 2002
Image:Kingdom Hearts Final Mix box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'' Sony PlayStation 2 Japan, 2002
</gallery>
</center>

==Sequels==
[[Image:Characters.jpg|thumb|Right|185px|Characters of ''Kingdom Hearts II''.]]

===Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories===
''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'', the [[Game Boy Advance]] [[sequel]] to the original game, takes place directly after the plot of ''Kingdom Hearts'', and provides the link between ''Kingdom Hearts'' and ''Kingdom Hearts II''. In the beginning, Sora meets a mysterious man who leads him to Castle Oblivion. There, Sora visits replicas of the worlds in the original game, created by his own memories. The game abandoned ''Kingdom Hearts'''s battle system, focusing on card-based game play. These cards can be used to create new worlds, open doors, and attack Heartless. The game was released on [[December 7]], [[2004]].

===Kingdom Hearts II===
A second sequel, ''[[Kingdom Hearts II]]'' for the [[PlayStation 2]], is in the works. Taking place a year after ''Kingdom Hearts'', ''Kingdom Hearts II'' will feature Sora, Donald and Goofy, as well as a vibrant new cast of characters, including [[Mickey Mouse|King Mickey]] himself and familar faces. The Heartless are still running loose and a mysterious [[XIII Order|group]] is plotting against Sora. KH2 is being released in Japan some time in Winter 2005. Meanwhile, the North American release is being pushed back to 2006.

==External links==
* [http://www.kingdomhearts.com/ Official ''Kingdom Hearts'' site]
* [http://www.kingdom-hearts.com/ Official international ''Kingdom Hearts ''site]
* [http://www.kh2.co.uk/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' Ultimania]
* [http://www.sorasdomain.net/ Sora's Domain]
* [http://www.ffinsider.net/kh/ ''Kingdom Hearts '' Insider]
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0322968/ ''Kingdom Hearts''] at the [[Internet Movie Database]]
{| align="center" cellspacing="0" class="toccolours" style="clear:both;text-align:center"
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| style="background:#ccf;" width="33%"| '''''None'''''
| width="33%" | '''''Kingdom Hearts'''''
| style="background:#ccf;" | '''''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'''''
|}

{{FinalFantasy series}}

[[Category:PlayStation 2 games]]
[[category:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[it:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[de:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[fr:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[ja:キングダムハーツ]]

Kingdom Hearts (Computerspiel)

2005-10-13T17:16:43Z

64.12.117.8: /* Negative criticisms */

{{Infobox CVG| title = Kingdom Hearts
|image = [[Image:Khbox.jpg|center|250px|Kingdom Hearts North American pagacking artwork]]
|developer = [[Square Co., Ltd.]]
|publisher = <div style="white-space: nowrap;">[[Square Co., Ltd.]] ''(Japan)'' [[Square Electronic Arts|Square EA]] ''(N. America)'' [[Sony Computer Entertainment|SCEE]] ''(Europe)''
|designer =
|engine =
|released = <div style="white-space: nowrap;">[[March 28]], [[2002]] ''(Japan)'' [[September 17]], [[2002]] ''(N. America)'' [[November 15]], [[2002]] ''(Europe)'' [[December 26]], [[2002]] ''(Japan) — as'' Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix
|genre = [[computer role playing game|RPG]]
|modes = [[Single player]]
|ratings = [[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]]: [[Image:ESRB_E.png|12px|E]] Everyone
|platforms = [[PlayStation 2]]
|media = [[DVD-ROM]]
|requirements =
|input =
}}
'''''Kingdom Hearts''''' ([[Japanese_language|Japanese]]: キングダムハーツ ''Kingudamu Hātsu'') is a hybrid action/[[computer role-playing game|RPG]] that was released in [[Autumn]] of [[2002]], which is notable for being the result of a collaboration between the video game developer and publisher [[Square Co., Ltd.|Square]] and [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]].
{{TOCleft}}
{{-}}
==Overview==
[[Image:Kingdom Hearts Battle Screenshot.jpg|thumb|left|A typical battle in ''Kingdom Hearts'' (North American version).]]
''Kingdom Hearts'' begins on lush tropical islands called "Destiny Islands", home to the main characters [[Sora]], [[Riku]], and [[Kairi]]. The three children wish to leave the island that they have been confined to all their life, so they build a raft to escape. The night before the voyage, a storm sweeps through the island, and evil creatures called the Heartless appear. The three friends are separated. Then, when Sora finds Riku surrounded by darkness, Riku disappears and Sora has to fight the [[Heartless]]. Afterwards he receives his weapon, the mystical Keyblade. Using the Keyblade and teaming up with various [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters, such as [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], he seeks to defeat the Heartless and be reunited with his friends.

It is an action-based RPG, featuring realtime rendered backgrounds and scenery. The music is composed by [[Yoko Shimomura]], the ending credits theme {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - March Caprice For Piano And Orchestra.ogg|sample}} and opening orchestration {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari (Orchestrated Instrumental).ogg|sample}} is by [[Kaoru Wada]], and the main vocal theme is "Hikari" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari.ogg|sample}} (light) known as "[[Simple and Clean]]" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Simple And Clean.ogg|sample}} in Western releases. Both versions of the song were composed and performed by [[Utada Hikaru]].

==Plot==
{{spoiler}}
In ''Kingdom Hearts'', a villain has used the Heartless to tear down the walls between the many worlds. Lead character Sora, as well as popular [[Disney]] characters [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], must travel to each of these worlds, using the mighty Keyblade, while collecting its powerful forms, to seal the entrances to the hearts of the worlds before the Heartless can destroy them. The primary villain, [[Ansem]], seeks to find the door into utter darkness. Sora's former best friend, Riku, has been seduced by the darkness, and makes several attempts to end Sora's life. As for Kairi, her heart was taken, because she was one of the "seven princesses of heart" (replacing Ariel from ''The Little Mermaid'' since she is a party member in one world).

==Final Mix==
[[Image:Cloud and Sephiroth KHFM.jpg|200px|thumb|top|right|Cloud and Sephiroth's new [[cutscene]].]]

[[Image:Neo Shadow.jpg|200px|thumb|bottom|right|Neoshadows in ''Final Mix''.]]

In ''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'', the [[Japan]]ese re-release of the game, several events and a number of gameplay tweaks were added that were not in the American release. Various new enemies, abilities, and weapons were added, and slight changes have been made to affect the game's difficulty. The game ends with what many fans assume to be two teaser trailers for ''Kingdom Hearts II,'' (the first of which was also available in the North American version by doing a lot of side-quests) a sequel which has been recently been announced. In the second teaser, titled '''Deep Dive''', Mickey and four other cloaked figures are shown. One of the Unknowns carries two keyblades and has been confirmed as the Blonde Haired Kid, and another is blindfolded and has been confirmed as Riku. The game features two new keyblades for Sora, the One-Winged Angel and the Diamond Dust blade, both of which can only be obtained in the coliseum. It also includes a special boss fight: at the Hollow Bastion, the optional Boss is the Enigmatic Man, a member of the [[XIII Order]].

==Worlds==
The many worlds in which the game takes place include various Disney settings (nearly all of which are part of the [[List of Disney animated features|Disney animated features canon]] and most of which "crossed over" in gag cameos in their original movies), as well as some original ones.

The Disney-based worlds:
* Wonderland, from ''[[Alice in Wonderland (1951 film)|Alice in Wonderland]]''
* Deep Jungle, from ''[[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Tarzan]]''
* Olympus Coliseum, from ''[[Hercules (1997 movie)|Hercules]]''
* Agrabah, from ''[[Aladdin (1992 movie)|Aladdin]]''
* Monstro, from ''[[Pinocchio (1940 movie)|Pinocchio]]''
* Atlantica, from ''[[The Little Mermaid (movie)|The Little Mermaid]]''
* [[Halloween]] Town, from ''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas]]'' (The movie's first video game appearance.)
* [[Neverland]], from ''[[Peter Pan (1953 movie)|Peter Pan]]'' (The world's name is somewhat a misnomer because the action takes place on Captain Hook's ship and a minor bit as well as a secret boss in [[London]]; as such, the actual Neverland is not actually visited.)
* Hundred Acre Wood, from ''[[Winnie the Pooh]]''

The original worlds:
* [[Destiny Islands]]
* [[Traverse Town]]
* [[Hollow Bastion]]
* End of the World
* Disney Castle (non-playable, not to be confused with [[Sleeping Beauty Castle]])

== Voice cast ==
''Note: Most of the Disney Characters are voiced by their original voice actors from the movies or their voice actors for the animated series (where applicable, e.g. [[Dan Castellaneta]] as Genie, rather than [[Robin Williams]].)''
<div style="float:left; width:48%;">
=== English language version ===

*[[Haley Joel Osment]] ... as Sora
*[[Tony Anselmo]] ... as [[Donald Duck]]
*[[Bill Farmer]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[David Gallagher]] ... as Riku
*[[Hayden Panettiere]] ... as Kairi
*[[Billy Zane]] ... as [[Ansem]]
*[[David Boreanaz]] ... as Leon ([[Squall Leonhart]])
*[[Mandy Moore]] ... as [[Aerith Gainsborough]]
*[[Steve Burton]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[James Lance Bass]] ... as [[Sephiroth (Final Fantasy VII)|Sephiroth]]
*[[Sean Astin]] ... as Hercules
*[[Bobby Castanzo]] ... as Philoctetes (Phil)
*[[Robby Benson]] ... as Beast
*[[Dan Castellaneta]] ... as Genie
*[[Gilbert Gottfried]] ... as Iago
*[[James Woods]] ... as Hades
*[[Christy Carlson Romano]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Dee Bradley Baker]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Shaun Flemming]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Molly Keck]] ... as [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]]
*[[Chris Sarandon]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Rita Rudner]] ... as Sally
*[[Kath Soucie]] ... as Sora's mother and Shock
*[[Jeff Bennett]] ... as Barrel, The Mayor, and Mr. Smee
*[[Ken Page]] ... as [[Oogie Boogie]]
*[[Kenneth Mars|Ken Mars]] ... as King Triton
*[[Jim Cummings]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]] and [[Tigger]]
*[[Jonathan Freeman]] ... as [[Jafar]]
*[[Tony Goldwyn]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Linda Larkin]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Chris Steele]] ... as [[Peter Pan]]
*[[Audrey Wasilewski]] ... as Terk
*[[Scott Weinger]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Russi Taylor]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Wayne Allwine]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]
*[[Seth Adkins]] ... as [[Pinocchio]]
*[[Kathryn Beaumont]] ... as Alice and Wendy
*[[Jodi Benson]] ... as Ariel
*[[Susan Blakeslee]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Brian Blessed]] ... as Clayton
*[[Corey Burton]] ... as [[Captain Hook]], Doorknob, Flotsam, Jetsam, and White Rabbit
*[[Eddie Carroll]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Pat Carroll]] ... as [[Ursula]]
*[[John Fiedler]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Jess Harnell]] ... as Dr. Finkelstein and Lock
*[[Naia Kelly]] ... as Jane Porter
*[[Eli Linnetz]] ... as Flounder
*[[Tress MacNeille]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and [[Queen of Hearts]]
*[[Mark Moseley]] ... as Mushu
*[[Tony Pope]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Kevin Michael Richardson]] ... as Sebastian
</div><div style="float:right; width:48%;">

=== Japanese language version ===
*[[Miyu Irino]] ... as [[Sora]]
*[[Mamoru Miyano]] ... as Riku
*[[Risa Uchida]] ... as Kairi
*[[Koichi Yamadera]] ... as [[Donald Duck]], Genie, Mushu, Beast, Sebastian
*[[Yutaka Shimaka]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[Kaneta Kimotsuki]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Toshiko Sawada]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Akio Otsuka]] ... as Ansem
*[[Mayuko Aoki]] ... as Selphie
*[[Masakazu Morita]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Kazuya Nakai]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Hideo Ishikawa]] ... as Leon
*[[Yumi Kakazu]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Maaya Sakamoto]] ... as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]]
*[[Takahiro Sakurai]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[Yuko Mizutani]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Mika Doi]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and Alice
*[[Shigeru Ushiyama]] ... as the White Rabbit
*[[Sumie Ozawa]] ... as the Queen Of Hearts
*[[Takehiro Koyama]] ... as the Doorknob
*[[Yasunori Matsumoto]] ... as Hercules
*[[Ichiro Nagai]] ... as Philoctetes
*[[Kyusaku Shimada]] ... as Hades
*[[Juurouta Kosugi]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Banjou Ginga]] ... as Clayton
*[[Mayumi Suzuki]] ... as Jane Porter, Ariel
*[[Yuko Doi]] ... as Terk. Sally, Shock
*[[Shinichiro Miki]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Kaori Aso]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Akira Takarada]] ... as Jafar
*[[Akira Kamiya]] ... as Iago
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Yuki Tokiwa]] ... as Pinocchio, Flounder
*[[Taro Ishida]] ... as King Triton
*[[Kujira]] ... as Ursula
*[[Shuichiro Moriyama]] ... as Flotsam and Jetsam
*[[Masachika Ichimura]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Toru Ohira]] ... as the Mayor
*[[Yuji Mitsuya]] ... as Dr. Finklestein
*[[Hiroshi Hatanaka]] ... as Oogie Boogie
*[[Shintaro Sono'oka]] ... as Lock
*[[Shigeo Matsuzawa]] ... as Barrel
*[[Mitsuo Iwata]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Chikao Ohtsuka]] ... as Captain Hook
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Mr. Smee
*[[Yuriko Fuchisaki]] ... as Wendy
*[[Shun Yashiro]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]]
*[[Tessho Genda]] ... as [[Tigger]]
*[[Kiyoshi Komiyama]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Yakashi Aoyagi]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]
</div> 

==Characters==
[[Image:Kingdom Hearts logo.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Official ''Kingdom Hearts'' [[logo]].]]

{{spoiler}}

===Sora===
The hero of the game, Sora is fourteen years old and on a quest to find his friends while saving various worlds from the Heartless. He carries a peculiar weapon, the Keyblade, and travels with Disney characters Donald Duck and Goofy who are looking for their king, [[Mickey Mouse]], while Sora searches for his two friends; Kairi and Riku. As a teenager, Sora has his share of concerns, but overall, he manages to keep an upbeat attitude. He seems simple-minded at times, but he has a strong sense of justice. His heart remains loyal to the light, no matter what.

===Riku===
One of Sora's best friends, Riku is fifteen years old, and he lived with him on Destiny Islands. Although Riku is Sora's best friend, there's alot of conflict between those two in games, and when Kairi came to their island, there was a rivalry between them for her. Riku is older than his friends and much more serious than them. He cannot stand living in the enclosed world of the islands and seeks to find a way out. He and his two friends start to build a raft in hopes to sail to another world at the start of the game. However, when the Heartless attack the islands, Riku seems to have no fear of the darkness they bring and goes into it willingly. After discovering new worlds, he searches in an attempt to find them, but when he finds Sora with Donald Duck and Goofy, Riku assumes that Sora has abandoned him. After that, Riku joined with Maleficent and starts searching primarily for Kairi. He made several attempts on Sora's life, including stealing the Keyblade and his friends, because Riku was meant to have the Keyblade and he seemingly believed that Sora is far too weak to protect Kairi. But Riku was cast into the World of Darkness after his body was taken over by Ansem. He then assisted Sora in closing the door to Kingdom Hearts, with himself behind it.

===Kairi===
Sora's other best friend who lives with him and Riku on Destiny Islands, Kairi is also 14 years old. She's very cheerful and perky and seems to be a bit of a tomboy. She was not born on the island, but came there from Hollow Bastion, presumably 11 years ago (when Ansem lost his mind and body). Her appearance on the island caused a rift between Sora and Riku, and their friendship hasn't been exactly the same since.

Kairi also disappears after the destruction of Destiny Islands, and Sora doesn't find her until he reaches Neverland. Though she is lifeless here, she reacts to Sora's voice by slowly closing her fist. Riku reveals that she lost her heart sometime between the destruction of their home and his finding her, and that he joined Maleficent to locate her heart. Kairi also seems to have some connection to Hollow Bastion and its mysterious keyhole, which is said to need "seven princesses of heart" to open. Kairi is one of the "Princesses of Heart".
In Japanese, the word Kai (part of Kairi) can mean "ocean". As Sora means sky and Riku means ground, one can infer their own conclusions from this.

===[[Donald Duck]]===
Donald Duck appears as a magician, capable of doing various spells from curative to offensive. He, along with Goofy, go to find their missing king, who has gone on a mission to investigate the bedlam the kingdom is under, as well as the Keyblade Master. He contributes to the party with his repetoire of spells and also brings the comic antics he never seems to lose throughout the Disney series'.

===[[Goofy]]===
Goofy appears with Donald on the same mission. He appears as a warrior, a master in physical stats (HP, strength, and defense). He is the Captain of the Royal Knights and despises weapon usage, so he uses a shield to attack and defend, and is the king's most loyal subject. He is a great help and is the group's pack mule (he carries the most accessories and items). Like Donald, his comical antics never seem to die out.

===Disney villains===
The villains of ''Kingdom Hearts''. Led by [[Maleficent]], they are composed of [[Jafar]], [[Hades]], [[Ursula]], [[Oogie Boogie]], and [[Captain Hook]]. They use the Heartless for their evil plans in order to obtain seven maidens of the purest heart, called the Princesses of Heart, and to dominate their resident world under their rule or vengeance, etc. As Ansem's journal said, once they had obtained all seven such Princesses, they will be able to unlock the Final Keyhole. Other Disney villians that also appear but are not affiliated with Maleficent are [[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Clayton]] (Who used the Heartless to hunt Gorillas) and one of the villains from Wonderland (it is debatable whether the Wonderland villain is the [[Queen of Hearts]] or the [[Cheshire_cat|Cheshire Cat]], but neither used Heartless.) (In the manga, however, the Cheshire Cat was affiliated with Maleficent, but betrayed them).

===[[Ansem]]===
The true main villain of ''Kingdom Hearts'', he was hiding in the shadows until [[Maleficent]] gathered all seven Princesses of Heart. He was the ruler of Hollow Bastion (previously the home of most of the Final Fantasy characters, as well as Kairi), but he went insane due to his research on the Heartless, believing that only the power of darkness rules existence. He entered the darkness, losing his body in the process, but had a will great enough to withstand becoming a Heartless himself, and instead became something more. Deceiving Riku into letting him possess the boy's body, Ansem regained his physical form and purged Riku's heart from him when he tried to fight back. Sora followed Ansem to the world beyond the Final Keyhole, the End of the World, where the door to Kingdom Hearts awaited, and defeated him before Kingdom Hearts was fully opened. Although Ansem dies in the end of the game, he lives on in Riku's mind and heart and returns in ''Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories'', the sequel.

He has connections to the man named "DiZ", a strangely bound and bondaged character wearing red. He can be seen in both "Chain of Memories" as well as "Kingdom Hearts II". It is unknown what his true motive is, however, he is said to be "both Ansem and not Ansem".

===[[XIII Order|Unknown]]===
A mysterious cloaked figure, known also as "The Enigmatic Man" who appears at Hollow Bastion in ''Final Mix'' as an optional boss. He serves as a prelude to the game's sequels, being the first member of the organiziation Sora encountered. He doesn't talk; he speaks to Sora in his mind.

===The [[Heartless]]===
The Heartless are creatures born of the darkness in people's hearts. When they consume a person's heart, their body vanishes and their heart falls to darkness. Almost all of them are branded with the same symbol. The Heartless with that symbol was created by Ansem, using a machine that artificially creates Heartless. They pursue the wielder of the Keyblade, Sora, although their reasons are not entirely clear.

===''Final Fantasy'' cameos===
On Destiny Islands, the player meets younger versions of [[Tidus]], [[Wakka]] (both from ''[[Final Fantasy X]]''), and [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]] (from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]''). In Traverse Town, the player encounters [[Squall Leonhart|Squall]] (under the alias of '''Leon''') from ''Final Fantasy VIII'', as well as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]] (known as Aeris in the US), [[Cid Highwind|Cid]], and [[Yuffie Kisaragi|Yuffie]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]''. [[Rikku]] from ''Final Fantasy X'' was originally going to be a [[cameo]] but she was later replaced with Yuffie, and Irvine from ''Final Fantasy VIII'' was replaced by Wakka. In the Olympus Collesium, the player gets to fight Leon, Yuffie, and [[Cloud Strife]] of ''Final Fantasy VII''. In the American and ''Final Mix'' versions, the player gets to fight [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]] from ''Final Fantasy VII'' as well, and ''Final Mix'' has an additional scene in which Cloud and Sephiroth fight to the death.

The game also uses other ''Final Fantasy'' icons. [[Moogle]]s make an appearance and help you obtain the ultimate weapon (the aptly named '''Ultima Weapon'''). Several other weapons, such as Lionheart and Save the Queen, have a ''Final Fantasy'' theme. The [[Final Fantasy magic|Final Fantasy Magic]] Naming System (ie. Cure, Cura, Curaga, etc.) is also in place. The names of various spells are the names of Gummi blocks, and various summons, weapons, bosses, and monsters are the names of Gummi ships blueprints.

==The Keyblade==
A legendary weapon that is said to have both saved the world AND to have destroyed it.
The main weapon in ''Kingdom Hearts'', the '''Keyblade''', is wielded by Sora and is the only thing that can lock the worlds, thus preventing the Heartless from consuming the heart of a world. It is the only weapon that can destroy the Heartless completely, though because of it, the wielder, Sora, is constantly pursued by the Heartless. They are mainly drawn to Sora's heart, however, not the Keyblade.

The Keyblade is upgradable via keychains, each of which change its appearance and powers.

'''List of Keychains'''
* Kingdom Key
* Jungle King
* Three Wishes
* Spellbinder
* Crabclaw
* Pumpkinhead
* Wishing Star
* Fairy Harp
* Lady Luck
* Olympia
* Metal Chocobo
* Divine Rose
* Lionheart
* Oathkeeper
* Oblivion
* Ultima Weapon

'''Final Mix Keyblades'''
* One-Winged Angel
* Diamond Dust

==Positive criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' received a generally positive response from reviewers upon release. Most lauded the game's unique battle system, [[computer graphics|graphics]] (both in an artistic and a technical sense) and [[storyline]], which, despite being somewhat simple for RPG standards (Although that will be changed in the game's sequels), managed to successfully combine classic Disney characters with a darker, Squaresoft-style story (However, it should be noted that ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit]]'' attempted to combine Disney characters with a dark storyline before ''Kingdom Hearts'' but failed due the fact that the cartoon characters (Not just Disney) were kept the same, which didn't blend consistenly whereas ''Kingdom Hearts'' had to change Donald and Goofy's personalities a little to fit with the more serious tone.). The game also received good notices for the [[voice actor|voice acting]] used, as it is an aspect of video games that is considered difficult to do well (Although this game could be considered an exception in that department, seeing as Disney was the one in charge of the voice acting and most of the cast reprised their roles from the original movies/animated series.).

==Negative criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' has been criticized by some fans for ruining the ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' characters placed in it. For example, several characters are made younger and do not play a major role in the story. Some of the voice actors for the more popular ''Final Fantasy'' characters (for example, [[Mandy Moore]] voicing [[Aerith Gainsborough]] and [[Lance Bass]] as [[Sephiroth (Final Fantasy VII)|Sephiroth]]) were seen as another element of error. Other criticisms include the addition of [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters (many ''Final Fantasy'' and RPG fans were turned-off by elements they considered to be for children), and awkward camera angles during battles.

Many also felt that, whilst original, the combination of Square and Disney did not work as well as it could have, with aspects of both the story and gameplay swinging between 'Disney-style' and 'Square-style', without reaching an acceptable middle ground for most of the game.
Several elements of the combat system were also criticized, particularly the use of menu-based items and magic in what was a frequently hectic real-time battle scenario.

Another criticism levelled by reviewers and players alike revolves around the Gummi ship missions, with the main complaint being that they are not up to the same standard of play as the rest of game. That, and they are essentially pointless later on. The missions themselves are boring and pointless, serving no purpose other than getting from point A to point B. Note that ''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'' has tweaked the Gummi Ship system. The developers seem to have taken these comments onboard as the sequel, ''Kingdom Hearts II'' reportedly features an overhaul of this aspect of the series, by making the ship missions optional, and creating the main form of transportation a train.[http://ps2.ign.com/articles/574/574443p1.html]

==Trivia==
* The secret boss Kurt Zisa was named after the winner of a publicity contest held by Squaresoft to promote the game.

* In addition to Kurt Zisa, other additional bosses in the game include Phantom (located in Clock Tower section of Neverland, accessible after you beat Hollow Bastion), Ice Titan, and Sephiroth (both are in the Colliseum and accessible after you lock Hollow Bastion). These bosses do not need to be defeated to complete the story, but are a source of many experience points, items, and munny. While the Phantom is present in the Japanese version, the rest of the optional bosses are not. They were added later along with a few new optional bosses in the Final Mix version.

==Packaging artwork==
<center>
<gallery>
Image:Kingdom Hearts Japan box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 Japan, 2002
Image:Khbox.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 North America, 2002
Image:Kingdom Hearts Europe box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 Europe, 2002
Image:Kingdom Hearts Final Mix box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'' Sony PlayStation 2 Japan, 2002
</gallery>
</center>

==Sequels==
[[Image:Characters.jpg|thumb|Right|185px|Characters of ''Kingdom Hearts II''.]]

===Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories===
''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'', the [[Game Boy Advance]] [[sequel]] to the original game, takes place directly after the plot of ''Kingdom Hearts'', and provides the link between ''Kingdom Hearts'' and ''Kingdom Hearts II''. In the beginning, Sora meets a mysterious man who leads him to Castle Oblivion. There, Sora visits replicas of the worlds in the original game, created by his own memories. The game abandoned ''Kingdom Hearts'''s battle system, focusing on card-based game play. These cards can be used to create new worlds, open doors, and attack Heartless. The game was released on [[December 7]], [[2004]].

===Kingdom Hearts II===
A second sequel, ''[[Kingdom Hearts II]]'' for the [[PlayStation 2]], is in the works. Taking place a year after ''Kingdom Hearts'', ''Kingdom Hearts II'' will feature Sora, Donald and Goofy, as well as a vibrant new cast of characters, including [[Mickey Mouse|King Mickey]] himself and familar faces. The Heartless are still running loose and a mysterious [[XIII Order|group]] is plotting against Sora. KH2 is being released in Japan some time in Winter 2005. Meanwhile, the North American release is being pushed back to 2006.

==External links==
* [http://www.kingdomhearts.com/ Official ''Kingdom Hearts'' site]
* [http://www.kingdom-hearts.com/ Official international ''Kingdom Hearts ''site]
* [http://www.kh2.co.uk/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' Ultimania]
* [http://www.sorasdomain.net/ Sora's Domain]
* [http://www.ffinsider.net/kh/ ''Kingdom Hearts '' Insider]
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0322968/ ''Kingdom Hearts''] at the [[Internet Movie Database]]
{| align="center" cellspacing="0" class="toccolours" style="clear:both;text-align:center"
|-
|| Previous game in series:
||
|| Next game in series:
|-
| style="background:#ccf;" width="33%"| '''''None'''''
| width="33%" | '''''Kingdom Hearts'''''
| style="background:#ccf;" | '''''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'''''
|}

{{FinalFantasy series}}

[[Category:PlayStation 2 games]]
[[category:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[it:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[de:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[fr:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[ja:キングダムハーツ]]

Napiergras

2005-09-29T00:25:31Z

64.12.117.8: /* External links */

{{Taxobox_begin | color = lightgreen| name = Elephant Grass}}

{{Taxobox_begin_placement | color = lightgreen}}
{{Taxobox_regnum_entry | taxon = [[Plant]]ae}}
{{Taxobox_divisio_entry | taxon = [[Magnoliophyta]]}}
{{Taxobox_classis_entry | taxon = [[Liliopsida]]}}
{{Taxobox_ordo_entry | taxon = [[Poales]]}}
{{Taxobox_familia_entry | taxon = [[Poaceae]]}}
{{Taxobox_genus_entry | taxon = ''[[Pennisetum]]''}}
{{Taxobox_species_entry | taxon = '''''P. purpureum'''''}}
{{Taxobox_end_placement}}
{{Taxobox_section_binomial_botany | color = lightgreen| binomial_name = Pennisetum purpureum| author = Schumach.}}
{{Taxobox_end}}

'''Elephant Grass''' (''Pennisetum purpureum'') is a species of [[Poaceae|grass]] native to the tropical [[grassland]]s of [[Africa]]. It is a tall [[perennial]] plant, growing to 3-7 m tall, with [[leaf|leaves]] 30-90 cm long and 2-3 cm broad.

It has a very high productivity, both as a forage grass for [[livestock]] and as a [[biofuel]] crop. The name derives from its being a favourite food of [[elephant]]s.

'''Community Interactions'''==External links==
*[http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Pennisetum_purpureum.html Purdue University crop pages: ''Pennisetum purpureum'']

[[Category:Grasses]]
{{plant-stub}}
'''Scientific Name:''' Pennistum
'''Physical Features:''' Elephant grass grows in dense clumps of up to 10 feet tall. The stems are coarse and hairy, and about 1 inch thick near the base. The leaves are 2 to 3 feet long, pointed at the ends, and about 1 inch wide. The edges of the leaves are razor-sharp. This makes the grass nearly impossible to pass through. The dense seed heads of elephant grass are about 9 inch tufted plumes, usually a tawny or purple color. It’s found along lake beds and rivers where the soil is rich.

'''Community Interactions:''' Local farmers cut the grass for their animals, carrying it home in huge piles on their backs or on carts. They also grow it for use in animal bedding, and thatching, and as a 'biomass' fuel for power generation.It’s mainly used for dairy cows, but is a favorite grass for cut-and-carry systems in developing countries.

George W. Jones

2005-09-19T12:54:33Z

64.12.117.8:

'''George Wallace Jones''' ([[April 12]], [[1804]] - [[July 22]], [[1896]]) was one of the first two [[United States Senate|United States Senators]] to represent the state of [[Iowa]] after it was admitted to the Union as a state in [[1846]]. Prior to his service as a Senator, Jones represented the [[Territory of Michigan]] in [[United States Congress|Congress]] from [[1835]] until [[1837]], when he became a delegate from the [[Territory of Wisconsin]], which was formed from a portion of the Michigan Territory. He continued to represent the Territory of Wisconsin until [[1839]].

Jones was a member of the [[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]] party and served in the [[United States Senate|Senate]] from [[Dec. 7,1848]] to [[Mar 3,1859]], and was unsuccessful in an attempt to be renominated.

Jones was appointed as Minister Resident of the United States to [[New Granada]] in [[1859]]. Upon returning to the [[United States]] in [[1861]], Jones was arrested by order of [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] [[William Seward]] on the charge of disloyalty, based upon correspondence with his friend [[Jefferson Davis]]. Jones was held for 64 days, until he was released by order of [[United States President|President]] [[Abraham Lincoln]].

[[Jones County, Iowa]] was named in honor of George W. Jones. In 1912 The State Historical Society of Iowa published the biography George Wallace Jones, by John Carl Parish.

==External link==
*[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=J000221 Congressional Biography]

[[Category:1804 births|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:1896 deaths|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:U.S. Senators from Iowa|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:Members of the U.S. House of Representatives|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:American diplomats|Jones, George W.]]

George W. Jones

2005-09-19T12:53:27Z

64.12.117.8:

'''George Wallace Jones''' ([[April 12]], [[1804]] - [[July 22]], [[1896]]) was one of the first two [[United States Senate|United States Senators]] to represent the state of [[Iowa]] after it was admitted to the Union as a state in [[1846]]. Prior to his service as a Senator, Jones represented the [[Territory of Michigan]] in [[United States Congress|Congress]] from [[1835]] until [[1837]], when he became a delegate from the [[Territory of Wisconsin]], which was formed from a portion of the Michigan Territory. He continued to represent the Territory of Wisconsin until [[1839]].

Jones was a member of the [[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]] party and served in the [[United States Senate|Senate]] from [[Dec. 7,1848]] to [[Mar 3,1859]], and was unsuccessful in an attempt to be renominated.

Jones was appointed as Minister Resident of the United States to [[New Granada]] in [[1859]]. Upon returning to the [[United States]] in [[1861]], Jones was arrested by order of [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] [[William Seward]] on the charge of disloyalty, based upon correspondence with his friend [[Jefferson Davis]]. Jones was held for 64 days, until he was released by order of [[United States President|President]] [[Abraham Lincoln]].

[[Jones County, Iowa]] was named in honor of George W. Jones. In 1912 The State Historical Society of Iowa published the biography Gerorge Wallace Jones, by John Carl Parish.

==External link==
*[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=J000221 Congressional Biography]

[[Category:1804 births|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:1896 deaths|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:U.S. Senators from Iowa|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:Members of the U.S. House of Representatives|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:American diplomats|Jones, George W.]]

George W. Jones

2005-09-19T12:51:34Z

64.12.117.8: adds data

'''George Wallace Jones''' ([[April 12]], [[1804]] - [[July 22]], [[1896]]) was one of the first two [[United States Senate|United States Senators]] to represent the state of [[Iowa]] after it was admitted to the Union as a state in [[1846]]. Prior to his service as a Senator, Jones represented the [[Territory of Michigan]] in [[United States Congress|Congress]] from [[1835]] until [[1837]], when he became a delegate from the [[Territory of Wisconsin]], which was formed from a portion of the Michigan Territory. He continued to represent the Territory of Wisconsin until [[1839]].

Jones was a member of the [[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]] party and served in the [[United States Senate|Senate]] from [[Dec. 7,1848]] to [[Mar 3,1859]], and was unsuccessful in an attempt to be renominated.

Jones was appointed as Minister Resident of the United States to [[New Granada]] in [[1859]]. Upon returning to the [[United States]] in [[1861]], Jones was arrested by order of [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] [[William Seward]] on the charge of disloyalty, based upon correspondence with his friend [[Jefferson Davis]]. Jones was held for 64 days, until he was released by order of [[United States President|President]] [[Abraham Lincoln]].

[[Jones County, Iowa]] was named in honor of George W. Jones. In 1912 The State Historical Society of Iowa published Gerorge Wallace Jones, by John Carl Parish.

==External link==
*[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=J000221 Congressional Biography]

[[Category:1804 births|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:1896 deaths|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:U.S. Senators from Iowa|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:Members of the U.S. House of Representatives|Jones, George W.]]
[[Category:American diplomats|Jones, George W.]]

Kingdom Hearts (Computerspiel)

2005-07-30T13:55:28Z

64.12.117.8: /* Final Mix */

{{Infobox CVG| title = Kingdom Hearts
|image = [[Image:Kingdom Hearts logo.jpg|center|250px|Kingdom Hearts logo.]]
|developer = [[Square Co., Ltd.]]
|publisher = <div style="white-space: nowrap;">[[Square Co., Ltd.]] ''(Japan)'' [[Square Electronic Arts|Square EA]] ''(N. America)'' [[Sony Computer Entertainment|SCEE]] ''(Europe)''
|designer =
|engine =
|released = <div style="white-space: nowrap;">[[March 28]], [[2002]] ''(Japan)'' [[September 17]], [[2002]] ''(N. America)'' [[November 15]], [[2002]] ''(Europe)'' [[December 26]], [[2002]] ''(Japan) — as'' Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix
|genre = [[computer role playing game|RPG]]
|modes = [[Single player]]
|ratings = [[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]]: [[Image:ESRB_E.png|12px|E]] Everyone
|platforms = [[PlayStation 2]]
|media = [[DVD-ROM]]
|requirements =
|input =
}}
'''''Kingdom Hearts''''' ([[Japanese_language|Japanese]]: キングダムハーツ ''Kingudamu Hātsu'') is an action [[computer role-playing game|RPG]] that was released in [[Autumn]] of [[2002]], which is notable for being the result of a collaboration between the video game developer and publisher [[Square Co., Ltd.|Square]] and [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]].

==Overview==
[[Image:Kingdom Hearts Battle Screenshot.jpg|thumb|right|A typical battle in ''Kingdom Hearts'' (North American version).]]
''Kingdom Hearts'' begins on lush tropical islands called the "Destiny Islands", home to the main characters Sora, Riku, and Kairi. The three children wish to leave the island that they have been confined to all their life, so they build a raft to escape. The night before the voyage, a storm sweeps through the island, and evil creatures called the Heartless appear. The three friends are separated. Then, when Sora finds Riku surrounded by darkness, he receives his weapon, the Keyblade. Using the Keyblade and teaming up with various [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters, such as [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], he seeks to defeat the Heartless and be reunited with his friends.

It is an action-based RPG, featuring realtime rendered backgrounds and scenery. The music is composed by [[Yoko Shimomura]], the ending credits theme {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - March Caprice For Piano And Orchestra.ogg|sample}} and opening orchestration {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari (Orchestrated Instrumental).ogg|sample}} is by [[Kaoru Wada]], and the main vocal theme is "Hikari" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari.ogg|sample}} (light) known as "[[Simple and Clean]]" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Simple And Clean.ogg|sample}} in Western releases. Both versions of the song were composed and performed by [[Utada Hikaru]].

==Plot==
In ''Kingdom Hearts'', a villain has used the Heartless to tear down the walls between the many worlds. Lead character Sora, as well as popular Disney characters [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], must travel to each of these worlds, using the mighty Keyblade, while collecting its powerful forms, to seal the entrances to the hearts of the worlds before the Heartless can destroy them. The primary villain, [[Ansem]], seeks to find the door into utter darkness. Sora's former best friend, Riku, has been seduced by the darkness, and makes several attempts on Sora's life.

==Final Mix==
[[Image:Cloud and Sephiroth KHFM.jpg|242px|thumb|right|Cloud and Sephiroth's new [[cutscene]].]]
[[Image:Neo Shadow.jpg|242px|thumb|left|New types of heartless in ''Final Mix''; these are Neo Shadows.]]
In ''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'', the [[Japan]]ese re-release of the game, several events and a number of gameplay tweaks were added. Various new enemies, abilities, and weapons were added, and slight changes have been made to affect the game's difficulty. The game ends with what many fans assume to be two teaser trailers for ''Kingdom Hearts II,'' (the first of which was also available in the North American version by doing a lot of side-quests) a sequel which has been recently been announced. In the second teaser, titled '''Deep Dive''', Mickey and four other cloaked figures are shown. One of the Unknowns carries two keyblades and has been confirmed as the Blonde Haired Kid, and another is blindfolded and has been confirmed as Riku.

==Worlds==
The many worlds in which the game takes place include various Disney settings, as well as some original ones.

The Disney-based worlds:
* Wonderland, from ''[[Alice in Wonderland (1951 movie)|Alice in Wonderland]]''
* Deep Jungle, from ''[[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Tarzan]]''
* Olympus Coliseum, from ''[[Hercules (1997 movie)|Hercules]]''
* Agrabah, from ''[[Aladdin (1992 movie)|Aladdin]]''
* Monstro, from ''[[Pinocchio (1940 movie)|Pinocchio]]''
* Atlantica, from ''[[The Little Mermaid (movie)|The Little Mermaid]]''
* Halloween Town, from ''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas]]''
* Neverland, from ''[[Peter Pan (1953 movie)|Peter Pan]]''
* Hundred Acre Wood, from ''[[Winnie the Pooh]]''
* Disney Castle (non-playable)

The original worlds:
* Destiny Islands
* [[Traverse Town]]
* Hollow Bastion
* End of the World

==Voice cast (English)==

Note: Most of the Disney Characters are voiced by their orignal voice actors from the movies.

*[[Haley Joel Osment]] ... as Sora
*[[Tony Anselmo]] ... as [[Donald Duck]]
*[[Bill Farmer]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[David Gallagher]] ... as Riku
*[[Hayden Panettiere]] ... as Kairi
*[[Billy Zane]] ... as [[Ansem]]
*[[David Boreanaz]] ... as Leon ([[Squall Leonhart]])
*[[Mandy Moore]] ... as [[Aerith Gainsbourg]]
*[[Steve Burton]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[James Lance Bass]] ... as [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]]
*[[Sean Astin]] ... as Hercules
*[[Bobby Castanzo]] ... as Philoctetes (Phil)
*[[Robby Benson]] ... as Beast
*[[Dan Castellaneta]] ... as Genie
*[[Gilbert Gottfried]] ... as Iago
*[[James Woods]] ... as Hades
*[[Christy Carlson Romano]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Dee Bradley Baker]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Shaun Flemming]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Molly Keck]] ... as [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]]
*[[Chris Sarandon]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Rita Rudner]] ... as Sally
*[[Kath Soucie]] ... as Sora's mother and Shock
*[[Jeff Bennett]] ... as Barrel, The Mayor, and Mr. Smee
*[[Ken Page]] ... as [[Oogie Boogie]]
*[[Kenneth Mars|Ken Mars]] ... as King Triton
*[[Jim Cummings]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]] and [[Tigger]]
*[[Jonathan Freeman]] ... as [[Jafar]]
*[[Tony Goldwyn]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Linda Larkin]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Chris Steele]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Audrey Wasilewski]] ... as Terk
*[[Scott Weinger]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Russi Taylor]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Wayne Allwine]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]
*[[Seth Adkins]] ... as Pinocchio
*[[Kathryn Beaumont]] ... as Alice and Wendy
*[[Jodi Benson]] ... as Ariel
*[[Susan Blakeslee]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Brian Blessed]] ... as Clayton
*[[Corey Burton]] ... as [[Captain Hook]], Doorknob, Flotsam, Jetsam, and White Rabbit
*[[Eddie Carroll]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Pat Carroll]] ... as Ursula
*[[John Feidler]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Jess Harnell]] ... as Dr. Finkelstein and Lock
*[[Naia Kelly]] ... as Jane Porter
*[[Eli Linnetz]] ... as Flounder
*[[Tress MacNeille]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and [[Queen of Hearts]]
*[[Mark Mosely]] ... as....
*[[Tony Pope]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Kevin Michael Richardson]] ... as Sebastian

==Voice cast (Japanese)==
*[[Miyu Irino]] ... as [[Sora]]
*[[Mamoru Miyano]] ... as Riku
*[[Risa Uchida]] ... as Kairi
*[[Koichi Yamadera]] ... as [[Donald Duck]], Genie, Mushu, Beast, Sebastian
*[[Yutaka Shimaka]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[Kaneta Kimotsuki]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Toshiko Sawada]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Akio Otsuka]] ... as Ansem
*[[Mayuko Aoki]] ... as Selphie
*[[Masakazu Morita]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Kazuya Nakai]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Hideo Ishikawa]] ... as Leon
*[[Yumi Kakazu]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Maaya Sakamoto]] ... as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]]
*[[Takahiro Sakurai]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[Yuko Mizutani]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Mika Doi]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and Alice
*[[Shigeru Ushiyama]] ... as the White Rabbit
*[[Sumie Ozawa]] ... as the Queen Of Hearts
*[[Takehiro Koyama]] ... as the Doorknob
*[[Yasunori Matsumoto]] ... as Hercules
*[[Ichiro Nagai]] ... as Philoctetes
*[[Kyusaku Shimada]] ... as Hades
*[[Juurouta Kosugi]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Banjou Ginga]] ... as Clayton
*[[Mayumi Suzuki]] ... as Jane Porter, Ariel
*[[Yuko Doi]] ... as Terk. Sally, Shock
*[[Shinichiro Miki]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Kaori Aso]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Akira Takarada]] ... as Jafar
*[[Akira Kamiya]] ... as Iago
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Yuki Tokiwa]] ... as Pinocchio, Flounder
*[[Taro Ishida]] ... as King Triton
*[[Kujira]] ... as Ursula
*[[Shuichiro Moriyama]] ... as Flotsam and Jetsam
*[[Masachika Ichimura]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Toru Ohira]] ... as the Mayor
*[[Yuji Mitsuya]] ... as Dr. Finklestein
*[[Hiroshi Hatanaka]] ... as Oogie Boogie
*[[Shintaro Sono'oka]] ... as Lock
*[[Shigeo Matsuzawa]] ... as Barrel
*[[Mitsuo Iwata]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Chikao Ohtsuka]] ... as Captain Hook
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Mr. Smee
*[[Yuriko Fuchisaki]] ... as Wendy
*[[Shun Yashiro]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]]
*[[Tessho Genda]] ... as [[Tigger]]
*[[Kiyoshi Komiyama]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Yakashi Aoyagi]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]

==Characters==

{{spoiler}}

===Sora===
The hero of the game, Sora is fourteen years old and on a quest to find his friends while saving various worlds from the Heartless. He carries a peculiar weapon, the Keyblade, and travels with Disney characters Donald Duck and Goofy who are looking for their king, [[Mickey Mouse]]. As a teenager, Sora has his share of concerns, but overall, he manages to keep an upbeat attitude. He seems too simple-minded at times, but he has a strong sense of justice.

===Riku===
One of Sora's best friends, Riku is fifteen years old, and lives with him on Destiny Islands. Although Riku is 'officially' Sora's best friend, there was a conflict between those two since Kairi came to their island, resulting in a rivalry between them. Riku is older than his friends and much more serious than them. He cannot stand living in the enclosed world of the islands and seeks to find a way out. He and his two friends start to build a raft in hopes to sail to another world at the start of the game. However, when the Heartless attack the islands, Riku seems to have no fear of the darkness they bring and goes into it willingly. After discovering new worlds, he searches in an attempt to find them, but when he finds Sora with Donald Duck and Goofy, Riku assumes that Sora has abandoned him. After that, Riku joined with with Maleficent and starts searching primarily for Kairi. He made several attempts on Sora's life, including stealing the Keyblade and his friends, because Riku was meant to have the Keyblade and he seemingly believed that Sora is far too weak to protect Kairi. But Riku was cast into the World of Darkness after his body was taken over by Ansem. He then assisted Sora in closing the door to Kingdom Hearts, with himself behind it.

===Kairi===
Sora's other best friend who lives with him and Riku on Destiny Islands, Kairi is also 14 years old. Sora and Riku often compete for her attention and affection. Kairi also disappears after the destruction of Destiny Islands, and Sora doesn't find her until he reaches Neverland. However, she doesn't react to anything he does and is completely unaware that he is even in her presence. Riku reveals that she lost her heart sometime between the destruction of their home and his finding her, and that he joined Maleficent to locate her heart. Kairi also seems to have some connection to Hollow Bastion and its mysterious keyhole, which is said to need "seven princesses of heart" to open.

===[[Donald Duck]]===
Donald Duck appears as a magician, capable of doing various spells from curative to offensive. He, along with Goofy, go to find their missing king, who has gone on a mission to investigate the bedlam the kingdom is under, as well as the Keyblade Master. He contributes to the party with his repetoire of spells and also brings the comic antics he never seems to lose throughout the Disney series'.

===[[Goofy]]===
Goofy appears with Donald on the same "find the king" mission. He appears as a warrior, a master in physical stats (HP, strength, and defense). He is the Captain of the Royal Knights and despises weapon usage, so he uses a shield to attack and defend, and is the king's most loyal subject. He is a great help and is the group's pack mule (he carries the most accessories and items). Like Donald, his comical antics never seem to die out.

===Disney villains===
The villains of ''Kingdom Hearts''. Led by [[Maleficent]], they are composed of [[Jafar]], [[Hades]], [[Ursula]], [[Oogie Boogie]], and [[Captain Hook]]. They use the Heartless for their evil plans in order to obtain seven maidens of the purest heart, called the Princesses of Heart, and to dominate their resident world under their rule or vengeance, etc. As Ansem's journal said, once they had obtained all seven such Princesses, they will be able to unlock the Final Keyhole. Other Disney villians that also appear but are not affiliated with Maleficent are [[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Clayton]](Who used the Heartless to hunt Gorillas) and one of the villains from Wonderland (it is debatable whether the Wonderland villain is the [[Queen of Hearts]] or the [[Cheshire_cat|Cheshire Cat]], but neither used Heartless.).

===[[Ansem]]===
The true villain of ''Kingdom Hearts'', he was hiding in the shadows until [[Maleficent]] gathered all seven Princesses of Heart. He was the ruler of Hollow Bastion (where the villains set up their base of operations), but he went insane due to his research on the Heartless, believing that only the power of darkness rules existence. He entered the darkness, losing his body in the process, but had a will great enough to withstand becoming a Heartless himself, and instead became something more. Deceiving Riku into letting him possess the boy's body, Ansem regained his physical form and purged Riku's heart from him when he tried to fight back. Sora followed Ansem to the world beyond the Final Keyhole, the End of the World, where the door to Kingdom Hearts awaited, and defeated him before Kingdom Hearts was fully opened. Although Ansem dies in the end of the game, he lives on in Riku's mind and returns in ''Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories'', the sequel. In addition, Ansem's original body which he abandoned before plunging into darkness - DiZ - is a major character in later games.

===Unknown===
A mysterious cloaked figure, known also as "The Enigmatic Man" who appears at Hollow Bastion in ''Final Mix'' as an optional boss. He serves as a prelude to the game's sequels, being the first member of the organiziation Sora encountered. he doesn't talk. He speaks to you in your mind.[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/013.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/001.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/002.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/003.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/014.jpg]

===The Heartless===
The Heartless are creatures born of the darkness in people's hearts. When they consume a person's heart, their body vanishes and their heart falls to darkness. Almost all of them are branded with the same [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/90.jpg symbol]. The Heartless with that symbol was created by Ansem, using a machine that artificially creates Heartless. They pursue the wielder of the Keyblade, Sora, although their reasons are not entirely clear.

===='''Types of Heartless'''====

'''Shadows''': The most basic of Heartless, they are found everywhere. They sneak up to their enemies and strike them with sharp claws. They are extremely tenacious, often chasing their prey to the end.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/44.jpg '''Darkside''']: Enormous Heartless that appeared in the Destiny Islands with Shadows. Although Sora defeated it, the island was swallowed by the darkness. Sora would face it again during the fight with Ansem.

'''Soldiers''': Shadows dressed in armor. Found in various places.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/49.jpg '''Guard Armor''']: Living suit of armor, it was the first Heartless Sora fought with Donald and Goofy by his side.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/79.jpg '''Red Nocturne''']: Fire-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/70.jpg '''Large Body''']: Overweight Heartless, they seem tame and laid-back but go berserk when they are low on health, charging at the one who ticked them off.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/50.jpg '''Trickmaster''']: A Heartless Sora and company encountered while they searched for Alice in Wonderland. Moves rather erratically with it's juggling batons.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/82.jpg '''Blue Rhapsody''']: Blizzard-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/54.jpg '''Powerwild''']: Monkey-like Heartless that have great physical strength and agility that they use in combination attacks.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/55.jpg '''Bouncywild''']: Monkey-like Heartless that, unlike Powerwilds, attack from long-range with a slingshot. They scamper about during battle, making them difficult to hit.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/238.jpg '''Black Ballad''']: Spell-casting Heartless exclusive to Final Mix. Found in Deep Jungle, it can create four duplicates.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/48.jpg '''Stealth Sneak''']: A [[chameleon]] Heartless Clayon used in battle. It somehow manipulated the light to turn invisible. It crushed Clayton to death before it faded away.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/74.jpg '''Air Soldiers''']: Winged heartless found in various places. They fly over their enemies and dive to strike them. Their high endurance and quickness make them tough to beat.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/80.jpg '''Yellow Opera''']: Thunder-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/81.jpg '''Green Requiem''']: Cure-casting Heartless, able to asborb most magic attacks. Their weakness is Gravity.

'''Opposite Armor''': A stronger version of Guard Armor, it guarded the keyhole in Traverse Town.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/67.jpg '''Bandit''']: Heartless that mostly appear in Agrabah. They can travel under the sand and weild sabers.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/69.jpg '''Fat Bandit''']: Overweight Heartless that mostly appear in Agrabah. They are well balanced offensively and defensively. Besides strong physical attacks, they use fire and they block attacks against them.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/62.jpg '''Pot Spider''']: Heartless in the form of ordinary pots, they lie in wait as ordinary pots then reveal themselves and attack when their enemies draw near.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/004.jpg '''Pot Scorpion''']: Exclusive in Final Mix, it is Heartless in the form of a giant pot. It lies in wait as a ordinary pot then reveal itself and attacks with its poison and claws.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/51.jpg '''Pot Centipede''']: A Heartless whose long body is composed of a number of Pot Spiders linked together. Even if its body comes apart, it can regenerate itself by gathering other pots. Casts Thunder.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/65.jpg '''Search Ghost''']: Ghost-like Heartless that appear in various areas. They roam in dark areas and emit light from their eye to target their enemies. They can warp from one place to another.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/63.jpg '''Barrel Spider''']: Heartless in the form of a Gunpowder barrel. They explode when hit enough.

'''Grand Ghost''': A giant Search Ghost exclusive to Final Mix. Impervious to all attacks and offensive magic, only cure-spells can hurt it.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/53.jpg '''Parasite Cage''']: Heartless that appeared inside Monstro. It's known to swallow its enemies. Sora and the others rescue Pinocchio who was trapped inside it.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg '''Sheltering Zone''']: A giant jellyfish Heartless, [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg Shetlering Zone] breaks up into many smaller forms called [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg '''Sea Neons'''] when defeated by physical attacks.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/64.jpg '''Screwdiver''']: Heartless that acts with Aquatank. Basically shadows in [[SCUBA]] gear. Casting Thunder on them will only heal them and make them faster for a short time.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/59.jpg '''Aquatank''']: Heartless resembling anglerfish that calmly swim the seas. They are often carrying Screwdivers and cast thunder magic from their lures.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/68.jpg '''Wight Knight''']: Mummy-like Heartless that mostly appear in Halloween Town. Their jerky, dance-like attack moves are fairly easy to dodge, but cause large damage.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/77.jpg '''Gargoyle''']: Winged Heartless that mostly appear in Halloween Town, they can move from one place to another almost without notice. They attack with strange balls of light.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/66.jpg '''Pirate''']: Heartless that mostly appear in Neverland, that are master swordsmen.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/73.jpg '''Air Pirate''']: Winged Heartless that mostly appear in Neverland. They are extremely combative and are hardly ever caught off guard. They attack with martial-arts-like techniques.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/60.jpg '''Battleship''']: A Heartless that is fused onto a pirate ship. They attack with homing and magic projectiles.

'''Jet Balloon''':Flying versions of Aquatank, exclusive to Final Mix.

'''Missile Drivers''': Flying versions of Screw Divers, they are exclusive to Final Mix.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/72.jpg '''Defender''']: Knight-like Heartless that mostly appear in Hollow Bastion. They each carry an eerie shield with a lion head on it. It will bite if a target is too close and can cast Blizzard and Fire out of its mouth.

'''Stealth Soldier''': A black-skinned version of the Stealth Sneak, exclusive to Final Mix.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/75.jpg '''Wyvern''']: Dragon-like Heartless that attack from the air.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/47.jpg '''Darkball''']: Heartless born purely out of darkness.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/78.jpg '''Wizard''']:Levitating Heartless that attack with various powerful spells. Gravity and stop are the only spells that will hurt them. If any other spell is cast on them, they will heal and deflect the spell back at you.

'''Sniper Wild''': A monkey-like heartless exlusive to Final Mix. Found in Traverse Town after the Keyhole is opened, they have great aim and never miss a target.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/71.jpg '''Behemoth''']: Immensely huge and powerful Heartless that can only be damaged by striking their horns. Can perform meteor and cause earthquakes.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/56.jpg '''White Mushroom''']: Non-attacking, friendly Heartless that plays charades. Cast magic on it. If cast on the same spell 3 times that help it, it may drop Mystery Goo but always will drop Arts. It depends what kind of spell you cast. Mostly found outside the Tent in '''Deep Jungle'''.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/58.jpg '''Black Fungus''']: Hostile Heartless, unlike White Mushrooms. They attack with poison mist and turn into stone making it invincible.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/57.jpg '''Rare Truffle''']: Non-attacking mushroom Heartless that are rarely found. They like to jump. Hit them while in mid-air to help them jump. But in Halloween Town, cast Aero and let them jump on your 'shield'. Renew 20-25 times.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/005.jpg '''Pink Agaricus''']: A giant pink-topped green-bodied colored mushroom Heartless exclusive to Final Mix. Attacking causes it to disappear, unless you cast Stop on it first.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/52.jpg '''Phantom''']: Ghostlike Heartless that haunted Big Ben (the Clock Tower) in Neverland. The only way to beat is to cast magic depending on the color of it's 'heart', but use a physical attack when it's white. Can cast 'Doom' on party members, which can not be revived once KO'd. To stop Doom, cast stop on Big Ben.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/4.jpg '''Kurt Zisa''']: Exclusive to US and Final Mix versions, this giant cobra-headed mechanical Heartless appeared in Agrabah. Weilding two large sabers in its middle arms, Kurt Zisa uses different attack patterns. Kurt Zisa was created for a contest, where people design a Heartless and the winner has it put into the game with the winner's name.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/007.jpg '''Chimera'''][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/006.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/008.jpg]: A boss exclusive to Final Mix, it it a strange robot-like creation with a test-tube style "head" that contains three decapitated heads. It it found at the ruins of Oogie's manor once the Keyhole of Hollow Bastion is opened.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/45.jpg '''Invisible''']: Demonic heartless that wield large swords, they can move freely through the air. Besides their sword they attack with their tails and turn invisible and lay down their sword. The target who is closest to the sword will be 'locked on' and get damaged. With their high attack power, they often defeat their foes quickly.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/76.jpg '''Angel Star''']: Flying Heartless that mostly appear at the End of the World. They are born of holy spells and attack from long range with magic. They block physical attacks with their wings and absorb all magic spells.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/009.jpg '''Neo Shadows''']: Evolved versions of the Shadows seen in the ''Deep Dive'' and ''Another Side, Another Story'', they can be fought at the End of the World on Final Mix.

===''Final Fantasy'' cameos===
On Destiny Islands, the player meets younger versions of [[Tidus]], [[Wakka]] (both from ''[[Final Fantasy X]]''), and [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]] (from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]''). In Traverse Town, the player encounters [[Squall Leonhart|Squall]] (under the alias of '''Leon''') from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'', as well as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]], [[Cid Highwind|Cid]], and [[Yuffie Kisaragi|Yuffie]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]''. [[Rikku]] from [[Final Fantasy X]] was originally going to be a [[cameo]] but she was later replaced with [[Yuffie]]. In the Olympus Collesium, the player gets to fight Leon, Yuffie, and [[Cloud Strife]] of ''Final Fantasy VII''. In the American and ''Final Mix'' versions, the player gets to fight [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' as well, and ''Final Mix'' has an additional scene in which Cloud and Sephiroth fight to the death.

The game also uses other Final Fantasy icons. [[Moogle]]s make an appearance and help you obtain the ultimate weapon (the aptly named '''Ultima Weapon'''). Several other weapons, such as Lionheart and Save the Queen, have a Final Fantasy theme. The Final Fantasy Magic Naming System (ie. Cure, Cura, Curaga, etc.) is also in place. The names of various spells are the names of Gummi blocks, and various summons or monsters are the names of Gummi ships.

==The Keyblade==
A legendary weapon that is said to hvae saved the world and to have destroyed it.
The main weapon in ''Kingdom Hearts'', the '''Keyblade''', is wielded by Sora and is the only thing that can lock the worlds, thus preventing the Heartless from consuming the heart of a world. It is the only weapon that can destroy the Heartless completely, though because of it, the wielder, Sora, is constantly pursued by the Heartless. They are mainly drawn to Sora's heart, however, not the Keyblade.

The Keyblade is upgradable via keychains, each of which change its appearance and powers.

'''List of Keyblades'''
* Kingdom Key
* Jungle King
* Three Wishes
* Spellbinder
* Crabclaw
* Pumpkinhead
* Wishing Star
* Fairy Harp
* Olympia
* Metal Chocobo
* Lady Luck
* Divine Rose
* Lionheart
* Oathkeeper
* Oblivion
* Ultima

'''Final Mix Keyblades'''
* One-Winged Angel
* Diamond Dust

==Positive criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' received a generally positive response from reviewers upon release. Most lauded the game's unique battle system, [[computer graphics|graphics]] (both in an artistic and a technical sense) and [[storyline]]. The game also received good notices for the [[voice actor|voice acting]] used, as it is an aspect of video games that is considered difficult to do well.

==Negative criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' has been criticized by some fans for ruining the ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' characters placed in it. For example, several characters are made younger and do not play a major role in the story. Some of the voice actors for the more popular ''Final Fantasy'' characters (for example, [[Mandy Moore]] voicing [[Aerith]] and [[Lance Bass]] as [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]]) were seen as another element of error. Other criticisms include the addition of [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters (many ''Final Fantasy'' and RPG fans were turned-off by elements they considered to be for children), and awkward camera angles during battles.

Another criticism levelled by reviewers and players alike revolves around the Gummi ship missions, with the main complaint being that they are not up to the same standard of play as the rest of game. The developers seem to have taken these comments onboard as the sequel, ''Kingdom Hearts II'' reportedly features an overhaul of this aspect of the series, by making the ship missions optional, and creating the main form of transportation a train.[http://ps2.ign.com/articles/574/574443p1.html]

==Trivia==
* The secret boss '''Kurt Zisa''' was named after the winner of a publicity contest held by Squaresoft to promote the game.

* In addition to '''Kurt Zisa''', other additional bosses in the game include '''Phantom''' (located in Clock Tower section of Neverland, accessible after you beat Hollow Bastion), '''Ice Titan''', and '''Sephiroth''' (both are in the Colliseum and accessible after you lock Hollow Bastion). These bosses do not need to be defeated to complete the story, but are a source of many experience points, items, and money. They are not present in the Japanese version.

* Many of the Heartless are modeled after the Black Mages of ''Final Fantasy''.

==Packaging artwork==
<center>
<gallery>
Image:Kingdom Hearts Japan box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 Japan, 2002
Image:Khbox.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 North America, 2002
Image:Kingdom Hearts Europe box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 Europe, 2002
Image:Kingdom Hearts Final Mix box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'' Sony PlayStation 2 Japan, 2002
</gallery>
</center>

==Sequels==
[[Image:Characters.jpg|thumb|Right|185px|Characters of ''Kingdom Hearts II''.]]

===Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories===
''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'', the [[Game Boy Advance]] [[sequel]] to the original game, takes place directly after the plot of ''Kingdom Hearts'', and provides the link between ''Kingdom Hearts'' and ''Kingdom Hearts II''. In the beginning, Sora meets a mysterious man who leads him to Castle Oblivion. There, Sora visits replicas of the worlds in the original game, created by his own memories. The game aboned ''Kingdom Hearts'''s battle system, focusing on card-based game play. These cards can be used to create new worlds, open doors, and attack Heartless. The game was released on [[December 7]], [[2004]].

===Kingdom Hearts II===
A second sequel, ''[[Kingdom Hearts II]]'' for the [[PlayStation 2]], is in the works. Taking place a year after ''Kingdom Hearts'', ''Kingdom Hearts II'' will feature Sora, Donald and Goofy, as well as a vibrant new cast of characters, including King Mickey himself and familar faces. The Heartless are still running loose and a mysterious [[XIII Order|group]] is plotting against Sora. Its planned release dates in both [[Japan]] and the [[United States]] are confirmed to be in Q4 [[2005]]. Despite this, though, Square Enix is a bit vague on the release date, stating that it might not be out in time for Christmas of [[2005]], maybe even being released in Q1 of [[2006]].

===The Movie===
[[The movie]], which [[Square Enix]] and Disney have declined to comment on, has been set for a hopeful [[2006]] release date. More as it happens, as it unveils.

==External links==
* [http://www.kh2.co.uk ''Kingdom Hearts'' Ultimania]
* [http://www.kingdomhearts.com/ Official ''Kingdom Hearts'' site]
* [http://www.kingdom-hearts.com/ Official international ''Kingdom Hearts ''site]
* [http://kingdomhearts.animesp.net/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' Images]
* [http://www.squarehybrid.com/index.php/Kingdom_Hearts/Index/ Kingdom Hearts Hybrid]
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0322968/ ''Kingdom Hearts''] at the [[Internet Movie Database]]
* [http://www.ansemreport.com/ Ansem Report]
* [http://www.squarehaven.com/games/ps2/kh/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' coverage @ The Square Haven]
* [http://www.rpgplanet.com/kingdomhearts/ Kingdom Key]
* [http://www.oritsuru.com/KH/ Oritsuru - Kingdom Hearts]
{| align="center" cellspacing="0" class="toccolours" style="clear:both;text-align:center"
|-
|| Previous game in series:
||
|| Next game in series:
|-
| style="background:#ccf;" width="33%"| '''''None'''''
| width="33%" | '''''Kingdom Hearts'''''
| style="background:#ccf;" | '''''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'''''
|}

{{FinalFantasy series}}

[[Category:Computer and video role-playing games]]
[[Category:Final Fantasy spin-offs]]
[[Category:PlayStation 2 games]]
[[Category:Square games]]

[[it:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[ja:キングダムハーツ]]

Kingdom Hearts (Computerspiel)

2005-07-30T13:52:45Z

64.12.117.8: /* Trivia */

{{Infobox CVG| title = Kingdom Hearts
|image = [[Image:Kingdom Hearts logo.jpg|center|250px|Kingdom Hearts logo.]]
|developer = [[Square Co., Ltd.]]
|publisher = <div style="white-space: nowrap;">[[Square Co., Ltd.]] ''(Japan)'' [[Square Electronic Arts|Square EA]] ''(N. America)'' [[Sony Computer Entertainment|SCEE]] ''(Europe)''
|designer =
|engine =
|released = <div style="white-space: nowrap;">[[March 28]], [[2002]] ''(Japan)'' [[September 17]], [[2002]] ''(N. America)'' [[November 15]], [[2002]] ''(Europe)'' [[December 26]], [[2002]] ''(Japan) — as'' Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix
|genre = [[computer role playing game|RPG]]
|modes = [[Single player]]
|ratings = [[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]]: [[Image:ESRB_E.png|12px|E]] Everyone
|platforms = [[PlayStation 2]]
|media = [[DVD-ROM]]
|requirements =
|input =
}}
'''''Kingdom Hearts''''' ([[Japanese_language|Japanese]]: キングダムハーツ ''Kingudamu Hātsu'') is an action [[computer role-playing game|RPG]] that was released in [[Autumn]] of [[2002]], which is notable for being the result of a collaboration between the video game developer and publisher [[Square Co., Ltd.|Square]] and [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]].

==Overview==
[[Image:Kingdom Hearts Battle Screenshot.jpg|thumb|right|A typical battle in ''Kingdom Hearts'' (North American version).]]
''Kingdom Hearts'' begins on lush tropical islands called the "Destiny Islands", home to the main characters Sora, Riku, and Kairi. The three children wish to leave the island that they have been confined to all their life, so they build a raft to escape. The night before the voyage, a storm sweeps through the island, and evil creatures called the Heartless appear. The three friends are separated. Then, when Sora finds Riku surrounded by darkness, he receives his weapon, the Keyblade. Using the Keyblade and teaming up with various [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters, such as [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], he seeks to defeat the Heartless and be reunited with his friends.

It is an action-based RPG, featuring realtime rendered backgrounds and scenery. The music is composed by [[Yoko Shimomura]], the ending credits theme {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - March Caprice For Piano And Orchestra.ogg|sample}} and opening orchestration {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari (Orchestrated Instrumental).ogg|sample}} is by [[Kaoru Wada]], and the main vocal theme is "Hikari" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari.ogg|sample}} (light) known as "[[Simple and Clean]]" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Simple And Clean.ogg|sample}} in Western releases. Both versions of the song were composed and performed by [[Utada Hikaru]].

==Plot==
In ''Kingdom Hearts'', a villain has used the Heartless to tear down the walls between the many worlds. Lead character Sora, as well as popular Disney characters [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], must travel to each of these worlds, using the mighty Keyblade, while collecting its powerful forms, to seal the entrances to the hearts of the worlds before the Heartless can destroy them. The primary villain, [[Ansem]], seeks to find the door into utter darkness. Sora's former best friend, Riku, has been seduced by the darkness, and makes several attempts on Sora's life.

==Final Mix==
[[Image:Cloud and Sephiroth KHFM.jpg|242px|thumb|right|Cloud and Sephiroth's new [[cutscene]].]]
[[Image:Neo Shadow.jpg|242px|thumb|left|New types of heartless in ''Final Mix''; these are Neo Shadows]]
In ''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'', the [[Japan]]ese re-release of the game, several events and a number of gameplay tweaks were added. Various new enemies, abilities, and weapons were added, and slight changes have been made to affect the game's difficulty. The game ends with what many fans assume to be two teaser trailers for ''Kingdom Hearts II,'' (the first of which was also available in the North American version by doing a lot of side-quests) a sequel which has been recently been announced. In the second teaser, titled '''Deep Dive''', Mickey and four other cloaked figures are shown. One of the Unknowns carries two keyblades and has been confirmed as the Blonde Haired Kid, and another is blindfolded and has been confirmed as Riku.

==Worlds==
The many worlds in which the game takes place include various Disney settings, as well as some original ones.

The Disney-based worlds:
* Wonderland, from ''[[Alice in Wonderland (1951 movie)|Alice in Wonderland]]''
* Deep Jungle, from ''[[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Tarzan]]''
* Olympus Coliseum, from ''[[Hercules (1997 movie)|Hercules]]''
* Agrabah, from ''[[Aladdin (1992 movie)|Aladdin]]''
* Monstro, from ''[[Pinocchio (1940 movie)|Pinocchio]]''
* Atlantica, from ''[[The Little Mermaid (movie)|The Little Mermaid]]''
* Halloween Town, from ''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas]]''
* Neverland, from ''[[Peter Pan (1953 movie)|Peter Pan]]''
* Hundred Acre Wood, from ''[[Winnie the Pooh]]''
* Disney Castle (non-playable)

The original worlds:
* Destiny Islands
* [[Traverse Town]]
* Hollow Bastion
* End of the World

==Voice cast (English)==

Note: Most of the Disney Characters are voiced by their orignal voice actors from the movies.

*[[Haley Joel Osment]] ... as Sora
*[[Tony Anselmo]] ... as [[Donald Duck]]
*[[Bill Farmer]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[David Gallagher]] ... as Riku
*[[Hayden Panettiere]] ... as Kairi
*[[Billy Zane]] ... as [[Ansem]]
*[[David Boreanaz]] ... as Leon ([[Squall Leonhart]])
*[[Mandy Moore]] ... as [[Aerith Gainsbourg]]
*[[Steve Burton]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[James Lance Bass]] ... as [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]]
*[[Sean Astin]] ... as Hercules
*[[Bobby Castanzo]] ... as Philoctetes (Phil)
*[[Robby Benson]] ... as Beast
*[[Dan Castellaneta]] ... as Genie
*[[Gilbert Gottfried]] ... as Iago
*[[James Woods]] ... as Hades
*[[Christy Carlson Romano]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Dee Bradley Baker]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Shaun Flemming]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Molly Keck]] ... as [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]]
*[[Chris Sarandon]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Rita Rudner]] ... as Sally
*[[Kath Soucie]] ... as Sora's mother and Shock
*[[Jeff Bennett]] ... as Barrel, The Mayor, and Mr. Smee
*[[Ken Page]] ... as [[Oogie Boogie]]
*[[Kenneth Mars|Ken Mars]] ... as King Triton
*[[Jim Cummings]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]] and [[Tigger]]
*[[Jonathan Freeman]] ... as [[Jafar]]
*[[Tony Goldwyn]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Linda Larkin]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Chris Steele]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Audrey Wasilewski]] ... as Terk
*[[Scott Weinger]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Russi Taylor]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Wayne Allwine]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]
*[[Seth Adkins]] ... as Pinocchio
*[[Kathryn Beaumont]] ... as Alice and Wendy
*[[Jodi Benson]] ... as Ariel
*[[Susan Blakeslee]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Brian Blessed]] ... as Clayton
*[[Corey Burton]] ... as [[Captain Hook]], Doorknob, Flotsam, Jetsam, and White Rabbit
*[[Eddie Carroll]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Pat Carroll]] ... as Ursula
*[[John Feidler]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Jess Harnell]] ... as Dr. Finkelstein and Lock
*[[Naia Kelly]] ... as Jane Porter
*[[Eli Linnetz]] ... as Flounder
*[[Tress MacNeille]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and [[Queen of Hearts]]
*[[Mark Mosely]] ... as....
*[[Tony Pope]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Kevin Michael Richardson]] ... as Sebastian

==Voice cast (Japanese)==
*[[Miyu Irino]] ... as [[Sora]]
*[[Mamoru Miyano]] ... as Riku
*[[Risa Uchida]] ... as Kairi
*[[Koichi Yamadera]] ... as [[Donald Duck]], Genie, Mushu, Beast, Sebastian
*[[Yutaka Shimaka]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[Kaneta Kimotsuki]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Toshiko Sawada]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Akio Otsuka]] ... as Ansem
*[[Mayuko Aoki]] ... as Selphie
*[[Masakazu Morita]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Kazuya Nakai]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Hideo Ishikawa]] ... as Leon
*[[Yumi Kakazu]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Maaya Sakamoto]] ... as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]]
*[[Takahiro Sakurai]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[Yuko Mizutani]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Mika Doi]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and Alice
*[[Shigeru Ushiyama]] ... as the White Rabbit
*[[Sumie Ozawa]] ... as the Queen Of Hearts
*[[Takehiro Koyama]] ... as the Doorknob
*[[Yasunori Matsumoto]] ... as Hercules
*[[Ichiro Nagai]] ... as Philoctetes
*[[Kyusaku Shimada]] ... as Hades
*[[Juurouta Kosugi]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Banjou Ginga]] ... as Clayton
*[[Mayumi Suzuki]] ... as Jane Porter, Ariel
*[[Yuko Doi]] ... as Terk. Sally, Shock
*[[Shinichiro Miki]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Kaori Aso]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Akira Takarada]] ... as Jafar
*[[Akira Kamiya]] ... as Iago
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Yuki Tokiwa]] ... as Pinocchio, Flounder
*[[Taro Ishida]] ... as King Triton
*[[Kujira]] ... as Ursula
*[[Shuichiro Moriyama]] ... as Flotsam and Jetsam
*[[Masachika Ichimura]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Toru Ohira]] ... as the Mayor
*[[Yuji Mitsuya]] ... as Dr. Finklestein
*[[Hiroshi Hatanaka]] ... as Oogie Boogie
*[[Shintaro Sono'oka]] ... as Lock
*[[Shigeo Matsuzawa]] ... as Barrel
*[[Mitsuo Iwata]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Chikao Ohtsuka]] ... as Captain Hook
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Mr. Smee
*[[Yuriko Fuchisaki]] ... as Wendy
*[[Shun Yashiro]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]]
*[[Tessho Genda]] ... as [[Tigger]]
*[[Kiyoshi Komiyama]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Yakashi Aoyagi]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]

==Characters==

{{spoiler}}

===Sora===
The hero of the game, Sora is fourteen years old and on a quest to find his friends while saving various worlds from the Heartless. He carries a peculiar weapon, the Keyblade, and travels with Disney characters Donald Duck and Goofy who are looking for their king, [[Mickey Mouse]]. As a teenager, Sora has his share of concerns, but overall, he manages to keep an upbeat attitude. He seems too simple-minded at times, but he has a strong sense of justice.

===Riku===
One of Sora's best friends, Riku is fifteen years old, and lives with him on Destiny Islands. Although Riku is 'officially' Sora's best friend, there was a conflict between those two since Kairi came to their island, resulting in a rivalry between them. Riku is older than his friends and much more serious than them. He cannot stand living in the enclosed world of the islands and seeks to find a way out. He and his two friends start to build a raft in hopes to sail to another world at the start of the game. However, when the Heartless attack the islands, Riku seems to have no fear of the darkness they bring and goes into it willingly. After discovering new worlds, he searches in an attempt to find them, but when he finds Sora with Donald Duck and Goofy, Riku assumes that Sora has abandoned him. After that, Riku joined with with Maleficent and starts searching primarily for Kairi. He made several attempts on Sora's life, including stealing the Keyblade and his friends, because Riku was meant to have the Keyblade and he seemingly believed that Sora is far too weak to protect Kairi. But Riku was cast into the World of Darkness after his body was taken over by Ansem. He then assisted Sora in closing the door to Kingdom Hearts, with himself behind it.

===Kairi===
Sora's other best friend who lives with him and Riku on Destiny Islands, Kairi is also 14 years old. Sora and Riku often compete for her attention and affection. Kairi also disappears after the destruction of Destiny Islands, and Sora doesn't find her until he reaches Neverland. However, she doesn't react to anything he does and is completely unaware that he is even in her presence. Riku reveals that she lost her heart sometime between the destruction of their home and his finding her, and that he joined Maleficent to locate her heart. Kairi also seems to have some connection to Hollow Bastion and its mysterious keyhole, which is said to need "seven princesses of heart" to open.

===[[Donald Duck]]===
Donald Duck appears as a magician, capable of doing various spells from curative to offensive. He, along with Goofy, go to find their missing king, who has gone on a mission to investigate the bedlam the kingdom is under, as well as the Keyblade Master. He contributes to the party with his repetoire of spells and also brings the comic antics he never seems to lose throughout the Disney series'.

===[[Goofy]]===
Goofy appears with Donald on the same "find the king" mission. He appears as a warrior, a master in physical stats (HP, strength, and defense). He is the Captain of the Royal Knights and despises weapon usage, so he uses a shield to attack and defend, and is the king's most loyal subject. He is a great help and is the group's pack mule (he carries the most accessories and items). Like Donald, his comical antics never seem to die out.

===Disney villains===
The villains of ''Kingdom Hearts''. Led by [[Maleficent]], they are composed of [[Jafar]], [[Hades]], [[Ursula]], [[Oogie Boogie]], and [[Captain Hook]]. They use the Heartless for their evil plans in order to obtain seven maidens of the purest heart, called the Princesses of Heart, and to dominate their resident world under their rule or vengeance, etc. As Ansem's journal said, once they had obtained all seven such Princesses, they will be able to unlock the Final Keyhole. Other Disney villians that also appear but are not affiliated with Maleficent are [[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Clayton]](Who used the Heartless to hunt Gorillas) and one of the villains from Wonderland (it is debatable whether the Wonderland villain is the [[Queen of Hearts]] or the [[Cheshire_cat|Cheshire Cat]], but neither used Heartless.).

===[[Ansem]]===
The true villain of ''Kingdom Hearts'', he was hiding in the shadows until [[Maleficent]] gathered all seven Princesses of Heart. He was the ruler of Hollow Bastion (where the villains set up their base of operations), but he went insane due to his research on the Heartless, believing that only the power of darkness rules existence. He entered the darkness, losing his body in the process, but had a will great enough to withstand becoming a Heartless himself, and instead became something more. Deceiving Riku into letting him possess the boy's body, Ansem regained his physical form and purged Riku's heart from him when he tried to fight back. Sora followed Ansem to the world beyond the Final Keyhole, the End of the World, where the door to Kingdom Hearts awaited, and defeated him before Kingdom Hearts was fully opened. Although Ansem dies in the end of the game, he lives on in Riku's mind and returns in ''Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories'', the sequel. In addition, Ansem's original body which he abandoned before plunging into darkness - DiZ - is a major character in later games.

===Unknown===
A mysterious cloaked figure, known also as "The Enigmatic Man" who appears at Hollow Bastion in ''Final Mix'' as an optional boss. He serves as a prelude to the game's sequels, being the first member of the organiziation Sora encountered. he doesn't talk. He speaks to you in your mind.[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/013.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/001.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/002.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/003.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/014.jpg]

===The Heartless===
The Heartless are creatures born of the darkness in people's hearts. When they consume a person's heart, their body vanishes and their heart falls to darkness. Almost all of them are branded with the same [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/90.jpg symbol]. The Heartless with that symbol was created by Ansem, using a machine that artificially creates Heartless. They pursue the wielder of the Keyblade, Sora, although their reasons are not entirely clear.

===='''Types of Heartless'''====

'''Shadows''': The most basic of Heartless, they are found everywhere. They sneak up to their enemies and strike them with sharp claws. They are extremely tenacious, often chasing their prey to the end.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/44.jpg '''Darkside''']: Enormous Heartless that appeared in the Destiny Islands with Shadows. Although Sora defeated it, the island was swallowed by the darkness. Sora would face it again during the fight with Ansem.

'''Soldiers''': Shadows dressed in armor. Found in various places.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/49.jpg '''Guard Armor''']: Living suit of armor, it was the first Heartless Sora fought with Donald and Goofy by his side.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/79.jpg '''Red Nocturne''']: Fire-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/70.jpg '''Large Body''']: Overweight Heartless, they seem tame and laid-back but go berserk when they are low on health, charging at the one who ticked them off.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/50.jpg '''Trickmaster''']: A Heartless Sora and company encountered while they searched for Alice in Wonderland. Moves rather erratically with it's juggling batons.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/82.jpg '''Blue Rhapsody''']: Blizzard-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/54.jpg '''Powerwild''']: Monkey-like Heartless that have great physical strength and agility that they use in combination attacks.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/55.jpg '''Bouncywild''']: Monkey-like Heartless that, unlike Powerwilds, attack from long-range with a slingshot. They scamper about during battle, making them difficult to hit.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/238.jpg '''Black Ballad''']: Spell-casting Heartless exclusive to Final Mix. Found in Deep Jungle, it can create four duplicates.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/48.jpg '''Stealth Sneak''']: A [[chameleon]] Heartless Clayon used in battle. It somehow manipulated the light to turn invisible. It crushed Clayton to death before it faded away.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/74.jpg '''Air Soldiers''']: Winged heartless found in various places. They fly over their enemies and dive to strike them. Their high endurance and quickness make them tough to beat.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/80.jpg '''Yellow Opera''']: Thunder-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/81.jpg '''Green Requiem''']: Cure-casting Heartless, able to asborb most magic attacks. Their weakness is Gravity.

'''Opposite Armor''': A stronger version of Guard Armor, it guarded the keyhole in Traverse Town.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/67.jpg '''Bandit''']: Heartless that mostly appear in Agrabah. They can travel under the sand and weild sabers.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/69.jpg '''Fat Bandit''']: Overweight Heartless that mostly appear in Agrabah. They are well balanced offensively and defensively. Besides strong physical attacks, they use fire and they block attacks against them.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/62.jpg '''Pot Spider''']: Heartless in the form of ordinary pots, they lie in wait as ordinary pots then reveal themselves and attack when their enemies draw near.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/004.jpg '''Pot Scorpion''']: Exclusive in Final Mix, it is Heartless in the form of a giant pot. It lies in wait as a ordinary pot then reveal itself and attacks with its poison and claws.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/51.jpg '''Pot Centipede''']: A Heartless whose long body is composed of a number of Pot Spiders linked together. Even if its body comes apart, it can regenerate itself by gathering other pots. Casts Thunder.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/65.jpg '''Search Ghost''']: Ghost-like Heartless that appear in various areas. They roam in dark areas and emit light from their eye to target their enemies. They can warp from one place to another.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/63.jpg '''Barrel Spider''']: Heartless in the form of a Gunpowder barrel. They explode when hit enough.

'''Grand Ghost''': A giant Search Ghost exclusive to Final Mix. Impervious to all attacks and offensive magic, only cure-spells can hurt it.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/53.jpg '''Parasite Cage''']: Heartless that appeared inside Monstro. It's known to swallow its enemies. Sora and the others rescue Pinocchio who was trapped inside it.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg '''Sheltering Zone''']: A giant jellyfish Heartless, [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg Shetlering Zone] breaks up into many smaller forms called [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg '''Sea Neons'''] when defeated by physical attacks.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/64.jpg '''Screwdiver''']: Heartless that acts with Aquatank. Basically shadows in [[SCUBA]] gear. Casting Thunder on them will only heal them and make them faster for a short time.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/59.jpg '''Aquatank''']: Heartless resembling anglerfish that calmly swim the seas. They are often carrying Screwdivers and cast thunder magic from their lures.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/68.jpg '''Wight Knight''']: Mummy-like Heartless that mostly appear in Halloween Town. Their jerky, dance-like attack moves are fairly easy to dodge, but cause large damage.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/77.jpg '''Gargoyle''']: Winged Heartless that mostly appear in Halloween Town, they can move from one place to another almost without notice. They attack with strange balls of light.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/66.jpg '''Pirate''']: Heartless that mostly appear in Neverland, that are master swordsmen.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/73.jpg '''Air Pirate''']: Winged Heartless that mostly appear in Neverland. They are extremely combative and are hardly ever caught off guard. They attack with martial-arts-like techniques.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/60.jpg '''Battleship''']: A Heartless that is fused onto a pirate ship. They attack with homing and magic projectiles.

'''Jet Balloon''':Flying versions of Aquatank, exclusive to Final Mix.

'''Missile Drivers''': Flying versions of Screw Divers, they are exclusive to Final Mix.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/72.jpg '''Defender''']: Knight-like Heartless that mostly appear in Hollow Bastion. They each carry an eerie shield with a lion head on it. It will bite if a target is too close and can cast Blizzard and Fire out of its mouth.

'''Stealth Soldier''': A black-skinned version of the Stealth Sneak, exclusive to Final Mix.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/75.jpg '''Wyvern''']: Dragon-like Heartless that attack from the air.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/47.jpg '''Darkball''']: Heartless born purely out of darkness.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/78.jpg '''Wizard''']:Levitating Heartless that attack with various powerful spells. Gravity and stop are the only spells that will hurt them. If any other spell is cast on them, they will heal and deflect the spell back at you.

'''Sniper Wild''': A monkey-like heartless exlusive to Final Mix. Found in Traverse Town after the Keyhole is opened, they have great aim and never miss a target.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/71.jpg '''Behemoth''']: Immensely huge and powerful Heartless that can only be damaged by striking their horns. Can perform meteor and cause earthquakes.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/56.jpg '''White Mushroom''']: Non-attacking, friendly Heartless that plays charades. Cast magic on it. If cast on the same spell 3 times that help it, it may drop Mystery Goo but always will drop Arts. It depends what kind of spell you cast. Mostly found outside the Tent in '''Deep Jungle'''.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/58.jpg '''Black Fungus''']: Hostile Heartless, unlike White Mushrooms. They attack with poison mist and turn into stone making it invincible.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/57.jpg '''Rare Truffle''']: Non-attacking mushroom Heartless that are rarely found. They like to jump. Hit them while in mid-air to help them jump. But in Halloween Town, cast Aero and let them jump on your 'shield'. Renew 20-25 times.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/005.jpg '''Pink Agaricus''']: A giant pink-topped green-bodied colored mushroom Heartless exclusive to Final Mix. Attacking causes it to disappear, unless you cast Stop on it first.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/52.jpg '''Phantom''']: Ghostlike Heartless that haunted Big Ben (the Clock Tower) in Neverland. The only way to beat is to cast magic depending on the color of it's 'heart', but use a physical attack when it's white. Can cast 'Doom' on party members, which can not be revived once KO'd. To stop Doom, cast stop on Big Ben.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/4.jpg '''Kurt Zisa''']: Exclusive to US and Final Mix versions, this giant cobra-headed mechanical Heartless appeared in Agrabah. Weilding two large sabers in its middle arms, Kurt Zisa uses different attack patterns. Kurt Zisa was created for a contest, where people design a Heartless and the winner has it put into the game with the winner's name.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/007.jpg '''Chimera'''][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/006.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/008.jpg]: A boss exclusive to Final Mix, it it a strange robot-like creation with a test-tube style "head" that contains three decapitated heads. It it found at the ruins of Oogie's manor once the Keyhole of Hollow Bastion is opened.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/45.jpg '''Invisible''']: Demonic heartless that wield large swords, they can move freely through the air. Besides their sword they attack with their tails and turn invisible and lay down their sword. The target who is closest to the sword will be 'locked on' and get damaged. With their high attack power, they often defeat their foes quickly.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/76.jpg '''Angel Star''']: Flying Heartless that mostly appear at the End of the World. They are born of holy spells and attack from long range with magic. They block physical attacks with their wings and absorb all magic spells.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/009.jpg '''Neo Shadows''']: Evolved versions of the Shadows seen in the ''Deep Dive'' and ''Another Side, Another Story'', they can be fought at the End of the World on Final Mix.

===''Final Fantasy'' cameos===
On Destiny Islands, the player meets younger versions of [[Tidus]], [[Wakka]] (both from ''[[Final Fantasy X]]''), and [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]] (from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]''). In Traverse Town, the player encounters [[Squall Leonhart|Squall]] (under the alias of '''Leon''') from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'', as well as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]], [[Cid Highwind|Cid]], and [[Yuffie Kisaragi|Yuffie]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]''. [[Rikku]] from [[Final Fantasy X]] was originally going to be a [[cameo]] but she was later replaced with [[Yuffie]]. In the Olympus Collesium, the player gets to fight Leon, Yuffie, and [[Cloud Strife]] of ''Final Fantasy VII''. In the American and ''Final Mix'' versions, the player gets to fight [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' as well, and ''Final Mix'' has an additional scene in which Cloud and Sephiroth fight to the death.

The game also uses other Final Fantasy icons. [[Moogle]]s make an appearance and help you obtain the ultimate weapon (the aptly named '''Ultima Weapon'''). Several other weapons, such as Lionheart and Save the Queen, have a Final Fantasy theme. The Final Fantasy Magic Naming System (ie. Cure, Cura, Curaga, etc.) is also in place. The names of various spells are the names of Gummi blocks, and various summons or monsters are the names of Gummi ships.

==The Keyblade==
A legendary weapon that is said to hvae saved the world and to have destroyed it.
The main weapon in ''Kingdom Hearts'', the '''Keyblade''', is wielded by Sora and is the only thing that can lock the worlds, thus preventing the Heartless from consuming the heart of a world. It is the only weapon that can destroy the Heartless completely, though because of it, the wielder, Sora, is constantly pursued by the Heartless. They are mainly drawn to Sora's heart, however, not the Keyblade.

The Keyblade is upgradable via keychains, each of which change its appearance and powers.

'''List of Keyblades'''
* Kingdom Key
* Jungle King
* Three Wishes
* Spellbinder
* Crabclaw
* Pumpkinhead
* Wishing Star
* Fairy Harp
* Olympia
* Metal Chocobo
* Lady Luck
* Divine Rose
* Lionheart
* Oathkeeper
* Oblivion
* Ultima

'''Final Mix Keyblades'''
* One-Winged Angel
* Diamond Dust

==Positive criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' received a generally positive response from reviewers upon release. Most lauded the game's unique battle system, [[computer graphics|graphics]] (both in an artistic and a technical sense) and [[storyline]]. The game also received good notices for the [[voice actor|voice acting]] used, as it is an aspect of video games that is considered difficult to do well.

==Negative criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' has been criticized by some fans for ruining the ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' characters placed in it. For example, several characters are made younger and do not play a major role in the story. Some of the voice actors for the more popular ''Final Fantasy'' characters (for example, [[Mandy Moore]] voicing [[Aerith]] and [[Lance Bass]] as [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]]) were seen as another element of error. Other criticisms include the addition of [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters (many ''Final Fantasy'' and RPG fans were turned-off by elements they considered to be for children), and awkward camera angles during battles.

Another criticism levelled by reviewers and players alike revolves around the Gummi ship missions, with the main complaint being that they are not up to the same standard of play as the rest of game. The developers seem to have taken these comments onboard as the sequel, ''Kingdom Hearts II'' reportedly features an overhaul of this aspect of the series, by making the ship missions optional, and creating the main form of transportation a train.[http://ps2.ign.com/articles/574/574443p1.html]

==Trivia==
* The secret boss '''Kurt Zisa''' was named after the winner of a publicity contest held by Squaresoft to promote the game.

* In addition to '''Kurt Zisa''', other additional bosses in the game include '''Phantom''' (located in Clock Tower section of Neverland, accessible after you beat Hollow Bastion), '''Ice Titan''', and '''Sephiroth''' (both are in the Colliseum and accessible after you lock Hollow Bastion). These bosses do not need to be defeated to complete the story, but are a source of many experience points, items, and money. They are not present in the Japanese version.

* Many of the Heartless are modeled after the Black Mages of ''Final Fantasy''.

==Packaging artwork==
<center>
<gallery>
Image:Kingdom Hearts Japan box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 Japan, 2002
Image:Khbox.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 North America, 2002
Image:Kingdom Hearts Europe box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts'' Sony PlayStation 2 Europe, 2002
Image:Kingdom Hearts Final Mix box art.jpg|''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'' Sony PlayStation 2 Japan, 2002
</gallery>
</center>

==Sequels==
[[Image:Characters.jpg|thumb|Right|185px|Characters of ''Kingdom Hearts II''.]]

===Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories===
''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'', the [[Game Boy Advance]] [[sequel]] to the original game, takes place directly after the plot of ''Kingdom Hearts'', and provides the link between ''Kingdom Hearts'' and ''Kingdom Hearts II''. In the beginning, Sora meets a mysterious man who leads him to Castle Oblivion. There, Sora visits replicas of the worlds in the original game, created by his own memories. The game aboned ''Kingdom Hearts'''s battle system, focusing on card-based game play. These cards can be used to create new worlds, open doors, and attack Heartless. The game was released on [[December 7]], [[2004]].

===Kingdom Hearts II===
A second sequel, ''[[Kingdom Hearts II]]'' for the [[PlayStation 2]], is in the works. Taking place a year after ''Kingdom Hearts'', ''Kingdom Hearts II'' will feature Sora, Donald and Goofy, as well as a vibrant new cast of characters, including King Mickey himself and familar faces. The Heartless are still running loose and a mysterious [[XIII Order|group]] is plotting against Sora. Its planned release dates in both [[Japan]] and the [[United States]] are confirmed to be in Q4 [[2005]]. Despite this, though, Square Enix is a bit vague on the release date, stating that it might not be out in time for Christmas of [[2005]], maybe even being released in Q1 of [[2006]].

===The Movie===
[[The movie]], which [[Square Enix]] and Disney have declined to comment on, has been set for a hopeful [[2006]] release date. More as it happens, as it unveils.

==External links==
* [http://www.kh2.co.uk ''Kingdom Hearts'' Ultimania]
* [http://www.kingdomhearts.com/ Official ''Kingdom Hearts'' site]
* [http://www.kingdom-hearts.com/ Official international ''Kingdom Hearts ''site]
* [http://kingdomhearts.animesp.net/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' Images]
* [http://www.squarehybrid.com/index.php/Kingdom_Hearts/Index/ Kingdom Hearts Hybrid]
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0322968/ ''Kingdom Hearts''] at the [[Internet Movie Database]]
* [http://www.ansemreport.com/ Ansem Report]
* [http://www.squarehaven.com/games/ps2/kh/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' coverage @ The Square Haven]
* [http://www.rpgplanet.com/kingdomhearts/ Kingdom Key]
* [http://www.oritsuru.com/KH/ Oritsuru - Kingdom Hearts]
{| align="center" cellspacing="0" class="toccolours" style="clear:both;text-align:center"
|-
|| Previous game in series:
||
|| Next game in series:
|-
| style="background:#ccf;" width="33%"| '''''None'''''
| width="33%" | '''''Kingdom Hearts'''''
| style="background:#ccf;" | '''''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'''''
|}

{{FinalFantasy series}}

[[Category:Computer and video role-playing games]]
[[Category:Final Fantasy spin-offs]]
[[Category:PlayStation 2 games]]
[[Category:Square games]]

[[it:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[ja:キングダムハーツ]]

Kingdom Hearts (Computerspiel)

2005-07-07T23:18:00Z

64.12.117.8: /* Riku */

{{Infobox CVG| title = Kingdom Hearts
|image = [[Image:khbox.jpg|center|185px|US box art for Kingdom Hearts.]]
|developer = [[Square Co., Ltd.]]
|publisher = [[Square Co., Ltd.]]
|designer =
|engine =
|released = [[September 20]], [[2002]]
|genre = [[computer role playing game|RPG]]
|modes = [[Single player]]
|ratings = [[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]]: Everyone (E)
|platforms = [[PlayStation 2]]
|media = [[DVD-ROM]]
|requirements =
|input =
}}
'''''Kingdom Hearts''''' ([[Japanese_language|Japanese]]: キングダムハーツ ''Kingudamu Hātsu'') is an action [[computer role-playing game|RPG]] that was released in [[Autumn]] of [[2002]], which is notable for being the result of a collaboration between the video game manufacturer and producer [[Square Co., Ltd.]] and [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]].

==Overview==
[[Image:Kingdom Hearts Battle Screenshot.jpg|thumb|right|A typical battle in Kingdom Hearts North American version]]
''Kingdom Hearts'' begins on lush tropical islands called the "Destiny Islands", home to the main characters Sora, Riku, and Kairi. One night, a storm sweeps through the island, and evil creatures called the Heartless appear. The three friends are separated. Then Sora receives his weapon, the Keyblade. Using the Keyblade and teaming up with various [[Disney]] characters, such as [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], he seeks to defeat the Heartless and be reunited with his friends.

It is an action-based RPG, featuring realtime rendered backgrounds and scenery. The music is composed by [[Yoko Shimomura]], the ending credits theme {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - March Caprice For Piano And Orchestra.ogg|sample}} and opening orchestration {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari (Orchestrated Instrumental).ogg|sample}} is by [[Kaoru Wada]], and the main vocal theme is "Hikari" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari.ogg|sample}} (light) known as "[[Simple and Clean]]" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Simple And Clean.ogg|sample}} in Western releases. Both versions of the song were composed and performed by [[Utada Hikaru]].

==Plot==
In ''Kingdom Hearts'', a villain has used the Heartless to tear down the walls between the many worlds. Lead character Sora, as well as popular Disney characters [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], must travel to each of these worlds, using the mighty Keyblade to seal the entrances to the hearts of the worlds before the Heartless can destroy them. The main villain himself seeks to find the door into utter darkness. Sora's friend, Riku, has been seduced by the darkness, and makes several attempts on Sora's life.

==Final Mix==
[[Image:Cloud and Sephiroth KHFM.jpg|242px|thumb|right|Cloud and Sephiroth's new cutscene]]
[[Image:Neo Shadow.jpg|242px|thumb|left|New types of heartless in Final Mix, those are Neo Shadows]]
In ''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'', the [[Japan]]ese re-release of the game, several events and a number of gameplay tweaks are added. Various new enemies, abilities and weapons are created, and slight changes have been made to affect the game's difficulty. The game ends with what many fans assume to be the teaser trailer for ''Kingdom Hearts II'' (a trailer which was also available in the North American version by doing a lot of side-quests) a sequel which has recently been announced. In this teaser, titled '''Deep Dive''', Mickey and four other cloaked figures are shown. One of the Unknowns carries two keyblades and has been confirmed as the Blonde Haired Kid, and the other is blindfolded and has been confirmed as Riku.

==Worlds==
The many worlds in which the game takes place include various Disney settings, as well as some original ones.

The Disney-based worlds:
* Wonderland, from ''[[Alice in Wonderland (1951 movie)|Alice in Wonderland]]''
* Deep Jungle, from ''[[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Tarzan]]''
* Olympus Coliseum, from ''[[Hercules (1997 movie)|Hercules]]''
* Agrabah, from ''[[Aladdin (1992 movie)|Aladdin]]''
* Monstro, from ''[[Pinocchio (1940 movie)|Pinocchio]]''
* Atlantica, from ''[[The Little Mermaid (movie)|The Little Mermaid]]''
* Halloween Town, from ''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas]]''
* Neverland, from ''[[Peter Pan (1953 movie)|Peter Pan]]''
* Hundred Acre Wood, from ''[[Winnie the Pooh]]''
* Disney Castle (non-playable)

The original worlds:
* Destiny Islands
* [[Traverse Town]]
* Hollow Bastion
* End of the World

==Voice cast (English)==

Note: Most of the Disney Characters are voiced by their orignal voice actors from the movies.

*[[Haley Joel Osment]] ... as Sora
*[[Tony Anselmo]] ... as [[Donald Duck]]
*[[Bill Farmer]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[David Gallagher]] ... as Riku
*[[Hayden Panettiere]] ... as Kairi
*[[Billy Zane]] ... as [[Ansem]]
*[[David Boreanaz]] ... as Leon ([[Squall Leonhart]])
*[[Mandy Moore]] ... as [[Aeris Gainsborough]]
*[[Steve Burton]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[James Lance Bass]] ... as [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]]
*[[Sean Astin]] ... as Hercules
*[[Bobby Castanzo]] ... as Philoctetes (Phil)
*[[Robby Benson]] ... as Beast
*[[Dan Castellaneta]] ... as Genie
*[[Gilbert Gottfried]] ... as Iago
*[[James Woods]] ... as Hades
*[[Christy Carlson Romano]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Dee Bradley Baker]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Shaun Flemming]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Molly Keck]] ... as [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]]
*[[Chris Sarandon]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Rita Rudner]] ... as Sally
*[[Kath Soucie]] ... as Sora's mother and Shock
*[[Jeff Bennett]] ... as Barrel, The Mayor, and Mr. Smee
*[[Ken Page]] ... as [[Oogie Boogie]]
*[[Kenneth Mars|Ken Mars]] ... as King Triton
*[[Jim Cummings]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]] and [[Tigger]]
*[[Jonathan Freeman]] ... as [[Jafar]]
*[[Tony Goldwyn]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Linda Larkin]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Chris Steele]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Audrey Wasilewski]] ... as Terk
*[[Scott Weinger]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Russi Taylor]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Wayne Allwine]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]
*[[Seth Adkins]] ... as Pinocchio
*[[Kathryn Beaumont]] ... as Alice and Wendy
*[[Jodi Benson]] ... as Ariel
*[[Susan Blakeslee]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Brian Blessed]] ... as Clayton
*[[Corey Burton]] ... as [[Captain Hook]], Doorknob, Flotsam, Jetsam, and White Rabbit
*[[Eddie Carroll]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Pat Carroll]] ... as Ursula
*[[John Feidler]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Jess Harnell]] ... as Dr. Finkelstein and Lock
*[[Naia Kelly]] ... as Jane Porter
*[[Eli Linnetz]] ... as Flounder
*[[Tress MacNeille]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and [[Queen of Hearts]]
*[[Mark Mosely]] ... as Mushu
*[[Tony Pope]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Kevin Michael Richardson]] ... as Sebastian

==Voice cast (Japanese)==
*[[Miyu Irino]] ... as Sora
*[[Mamoru Miyano]] ... as Riku
*[[Risa Uchida]] ... as Kairi
*[[Koichi Yamadera]] ... as [[Donald Duck]], Genie, Mushu, Beast, Sebastian
*[[Yutaka Shimaka]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[Kaneta Kimotsuki]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Toshiko Sawada]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Akio Otsuka]] ... as Ansem
*[[Mayuko Aoki]] ... as Selphie
*[[Masakazu Morita]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Kazuya Nakai]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Hideo Ishikawa]] ... as Leon
*[[Yumi Kakazu]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Maaya Sakamoto]] ... as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]]
*[[Takahiro Sakurai]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[Yuko Mizutani]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Mika Doi]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and Alice
*[[Shigeru Ushiyama]] ... as the White Rabbit
*[[Sumie Ozawa]] ... as the Queen Of Hearts
*[[Takehiro Koyama]] ... as the Doorknob
*[[Yasunori Matsumoto]] ... as Hercules
*[[Ichiro Nagai]] ... as Philoctetes
*[[Kyusaku Shimada]] ... as Hades
*[[Juurouta Kosugi]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Banjou Ginga]] ... as Clayton
*[[Mayumi Suzuki]] ... as Jane Porter, Ariel
*[[Yuko Doi]] ... as Terk. Sally, Shock
*[[Shinichiro Miki]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Kaori Aso]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Akira Takarada]] ... as Jafar
*[[Akira Kamiya]] ... as Iago
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Yuki Tokiwa]] ... as Pinocchio, Flounder
*[[Taro Ishida]] ... as King Triton
*[[Kujira]] ... as Ursula
*[[Shuichiro Moriyama]] ... as Flotsam and Jetsam
*[[Masachika Ichimura]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Toru Ohira]] ... as the Mayor
*[[Yuji Mitsuya]] ... as Dr. Finklestein
*[[Hiroshi Hatanaka]] ... as Oogie Boogie
*[[Shintaro Sono'oka]] ... as Lock
*[[Shigeo Matsuzawa]] ... as Barrel
*[[Mitsuo Iwata]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Chikao Ohtsuka]] ... as Captain Hook
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Mr. Smee
*[[Yuriko Fuchisaki]] ... as Wendy
*[[Shun Yashiro]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]]
*[[Tessho Genda]] ... as [[Tigger]]
*[[Kiyoshi Komiyama]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Yakashi Aoyagi]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]

==Characters==

{{spoiler}}

===Sora===
The hero of the game, Sora is fourteen years old and on a quest to find his friends while saving various worlds from the Heartless. He carries a peculiar weapon, the Keyblade, and travels with Disney characters Donald Duck and Goofy who are looking for their king, [[Mickey Mouse]]. As a teenager, Sora has his share of concerns, but overall, he manages to keep an upbeat attitude. He seems too simple-minded at times, but he has a strong sense of justice.

===Riku===
One of Sora's best friends, Riku is fifteen years old, and lives with him on Destiny Islands. Although Riku is 'officially' Sora's best friend, there was a conflict between those two since Kairi came to their island, resulting in a rivalry between them. Riku is older than his friends and much more serious than them. He cannot stand living in the enclosed world of the islands and seeks to find a way out. He and his two friends start to build a raft in hopes to sail to another world at the start of the game. However, when the Heartless attack the islands, Riku seems to have no fear of the darkness they bring and goes into it willingly. After discovering new worlds, he searches in an attempt to find them, but when he finds Sora with Donald Duck and Goofy, Riku assumes that Sora has abandoned him. After that, Riku joined with with Maleficent and starts searching primarily for Kairi. He made several attempts on Sora's life, including stealing the Keyblade and his friends, because Riku was meant to have the Keyblade and he seemingly believed that Sora is far too weak to protect Kairi. But Riku was cast into the World of Darkness after his body was taken over by Ansem. He then assisted Sora in closing the door to Kingdom Hearts, with himself behind it.

===Kairi===
Sora's other best friend who lives with him and Riku on Destiny Islands, Kairi is also 14 years old. Sora and Riku often compete for her attention and affection. Kairi also disappears after the destruction of Destiny Islands, and Sora doesn't find her until he reaches Neverland. However, she doesn't react to anything he does and is completely unaware that he is even in her presence. Riku reveals that she lost her heart sometime between the destruction of their home and his finding her, and that he joined Maleficent to locate her heart. Kairi also seems to have some connection to Hollow Bastion and its mysterious keyhole, which is said to need "seven princesses of heart" to open.

===[[Donald Duck]]===
Donald Duck appears as a magician, capable of doing various spells from curative to offensive. He, along with Goofy, go to find their missing king, who has gone on a mission to investigate the bedlam the kingdom is under, as well as the Keyblade Master. He contributes to the party with his repetoire of spells and also brings the comic antics he never seems to lose throughout the Disney series'.

===[[Goofy]]===
Goofy appears with Donald on the same "find the king" mission. He appears as a warrior, a master in physical stats (HP, strength, and defense). He is the Captain of the Royal Knights and despises weapon usage, so he uses a shield to attack and defend, and is the king's most loyal subject. He is a great help and is the group's pack mule (he carries the most accessories and items). Like Donald, his comical antics never seem to die out.

===Disney villains===
The villains of ''Kingdom Hearts''. Led by [[Maleficent]], they are composed of [[Jafar]], [[Hades]], [[Ursula]], [[Oogie Boogie]], and [[Captain Hook]]. They use the Heartless for their evil plans in order to obtain seven maidens of the purest heart, called the Princesses of Heart, and to dominate their resident world under their rule or vengeance, etc. As Ansem's journal said, once they had obtained all seven such Princesses, they will be able to unlock the Final Keyhole. Other Disney villians that also appear but are not affiliated with Maleficent are [[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Clayton]](Who used the Heartless to hunt Gorillas) and one of the villains from Wonderland (it is debatable whether the Wonderland villain is the [[Queen of Hearts]] or the [[Cheshire_cat|Cheshire Cat]], but neither used Heartless.).

===[[Ansem]]===
The true villain of ''Kingdom Hearts'', he was hiding in the shadows until [[Maleficent]] gathered all seven Princesses of Heart. He was the ruler of Hollow Bastion (where the villains set up their base of operations), but he went insane due to his research on the Heartless, believing that only the power of darkness rules existence. He entered the darkness, losing his body in the process, but had a will great enough to withstand becoming a Heartless himself, and instead became something more. Deceiving Riku into letting him possess the boy's body, Ansem regained his physical form and purged Riku's heart from him when he tried to fight back. Sora followed Ansem to the world beyond the Final Keyhole, the End of the World, where the door to Kingdom Hearts awaited, and defeated him before Kingdom Hearts was fully opened. Although Ansem dies in the end of the game, he lives on in Riku's mind and returns in Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories, the sequel. In addition, Ansem's original body which he abandoned before plunging into darkness - DiZ - is a major character in later games.

===Unknown===
A mysterious cloaked figure who appears at Hollow Bastion in Final Mix as an optional boss. He serves as a prelude to the game's sequels, being the first member of the organiziation Sora encountered. he doesn't talk. He speaks to you in your mind.[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/013.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/001.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/002.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/003.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/014.jpg]

===The Heartless===
The Heartless are creatures born of the darkness in people's hearts. When they consume a person's heart, their body vanishes and their heart falls to darkness. Almost all of them are branded with the same [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/90.jpg symbol]. The Heartless with that symbol was created by Ansem, using a machine that artificially creates Heartless. They pursue the wielder of the Keyblade, Sora, although their reasons are not entirely clear.

===='''Types of Heartless'''====

'''Shadows''': The most basic of Heartless, they are found everywhere. They sneak up to their enemies and strike them with sharp claws. They are extremely tenacious, often chasing their prey to the end.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/44.jpg '''Darkside''']: Enormous Heartless that appeared in the Destiny Islands with Shadows. Although Sora defeated it, the island was swallowed by the darkness. Sora would face it again during the fight with Ansem.

'''Soldiers''': Shadows dressed in armor. Found in various places.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/49.jpg '''Guard Armor''']: Living suit of armor, it was the first Heartless Sora fought with Donald and Goofy by his side.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/79.jpg '''Red Nocturne''']: Fire-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/70.jpg '''Large Body''']: Overweight Heartless, they seem tame and laid-back but go berserk when they are low on health, charging at the one who ticked them off.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/50.jpg '''Trickmaster''']: A Heartless Sora and company encountered while they searched for Alice in Wonderland. Moves rather erratically with it's juggling batons.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/82.jpg '''Blue Rhapsody''']: Blizzard-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/54.jpg '''Powerwild''']: Monkey-like Heartless that have great physical strength and agility that they use in combination attacks.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/55.jpg '''Bouncywild''']: Monkey-like Heartless that, unlike Powerwilds, attack from long-range with a slingshot. They scamper about during battle, making them difficult to hit.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/238.jpg '''Black Ballad''']: Spell-casting Heartless exclusive to Final Mix. Found in Deep Jungle, it can create four duplicates.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/48.jpg '''Stealth Sneak''']: A [[chameleon]] Heartless Clayon used in battle. It somehow manipulated the light to turn invisible. It crushed Clayton to death before it faded away.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/74.jpg '''Air Soldiers''']: Winged heartless found in various places. They fly over their enemies and dive to strike them. Their high endurance and quickness make them tough to beat.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/80.jpg '''Yellow Opera''']: Thunder-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/81.jpg '''Green Requiem''']: Cure-casting Heartless, able to asborb most magic attacks. Their weakness is Gravity.

'''Opposite Armor''': A stronger version of Guard Armor, it guarded the keyhole in Traverse Town.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/67.jpg '''Bandit''']: Heartless that mostly appear in Agrabah. They can travel under the sand and weild sabers.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/69.jpg '''Fat Bandit''']: Overweight Heartless that mostly appear in Agrabah. They are well balanced offensively and defensively. Besides strong physical attacks, they use fire and they block attacks against them.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/62.jpg '''Pot Spider''']: Heartless in the form of ordinary pots, they lie in wait as ordinary pots then reveal themselves and attack when their enemies draw near.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/004.jpg '''Pot Scorpion''']: Exclusive in Final Mix, it is Heartless in the form of a giant pot. It lies in wait as a ordinary pot then reveal itself and attacks with its poison and claws.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/51.jpg '''Pot Centipede''']: A Heartless whose long body is composed of a number of Pot Spiders linked together. Even if its body comes apart, it can regenerate itself by gathering other pots. Casts Thunder.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/65.jpg '''Search Ghost''']: Ghost-like Heartless that appear in various areas. They roam in dark areas and emit light from their eye to target their enemies. They can warp from one place to another.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/63.jpg '''Barrel Spider''']: Heartless in the form of a Gunpowder barrel. They explode when hit enough.

'''Grand Ghost''': A giant Search Ghost exclusive to Final Mix. Impervious to all attacks and offensive magic, only cure-spells can hurt it.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/53.jpg '''Parasite Cage''']: Heartless that appeared inside Monstro. It's known to swallow its enemies. Sora and the others rescue Pinocchio who was trapped inside it.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg '''Sheltering Zone''']: A giant jellyfish Heartless, [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg Shetlering Zone] breaks up into many smaller forms called[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg '''Sea Neons'''] when defeated by physical attacks.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/64.jpg '''Screwdiver''']: Heartless that acts with Aquatank. Basically shadows in [[SCUBA]] gear. Casting Thunder on them will only heal them and make them faster for a short time.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/59.jpg '''Aquatank''']: Heartless resembling anglerfish that calmly swim the seas. They are often carrying Screwdivers and cast thunder magic from their lures.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/68.jpg '''Wight Knight''']: Mummy-like Heartless that mostly appear in Halloween Town. Their jerky, dance-like attack moves are fairly easy to dodge, but cause large damage.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/77.jpg '''Gargoyle''']: Winged Heartless that mostly appear in Halloween Town, they can move from one place to another almost without notice. They attack with strange balls of light.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/66.jpg '''Pirate''']: Heartless that mostly appear in Neverland, that are master swordsmen.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/73.jpg '''Air Pirate''']: Winged Heartless that mostly appear in Neverland. They are extremely combative and are hardly ever caught off guard. They attack with martial-arts-like techniques.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/60.jpg '''Battleship''']: A Heartless that is fused onto a pirate ship. They attack with homing and magic projectiles.

'''Jet Balloon''':Flying versions of Aquatank, exclusive to Final Mix.

'''Missile Drivers''': Flying versions of Screw Divers, they are exclusive to Final Mix.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/72.jpg '''Defender''']: Knight-like Heartless that mostly appear in Hollow Bastion. They each carry an eerie shield with a lion head on it. It will bite if a target is too close and can cast Blizzard and Fire out of its mouth.

'''Stealth Soldier''': A black-skinned version of the Stealth Sneak, exclusive to Final Mix.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/75.jpg '''Wyvern''']: Dragon-like Heartless that attack from the air.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/47.jpg '''Darkball''']: Heartless born purely out of darkness.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/78.jpg '''Wizard''']:Levitating Heartless that attack with various powerful spells. Gravity and stop are the only spells that will hurt them. If any other spell is cast on them, they will heal and deflect the spell back at you.

'''Sniper Wild''': A monkey-like heartless exlusive to Final Mix. Found in Traverse Town after the Keyhole is opened, they have great aim and never miss a target.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/71.jpg '''Behemoth''']: Immensely huge and powerful Heartless that can only be damaged by striking their horns. Can perform meteor and cause earthquakes.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/56.jpg '''White Mushroom''']: Non-attacking, friendly Heartless that plays charades. Cast magic on it. If cast on the same spell 3 times that help it, it may drop Mystery Goo but always will drop Arts. It depends what kind of spell you cast. Mostly found outside the Tent in '''Deep Jungle'''.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/58.jpg '''Black Fungus''']: Hostile Heartless, unlike White Mushrooms. They attack with poison mist and turn into stone making it invincible.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/57.jpg '''Rare Truffle''']: Non-attacking mushroom Heartless that are rarely found. They like to jump. Hit them while in mid-air to help them jump. But in Halloween Town, cast Aero and let them jump on your 'shield'. Renew 20-25 times.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/005.jpg '''Pink Agaricus''']: A giant pink-topped green-bodied colored mushroom Heartless exclusive to Final Mix. Attacking causes it to disappear, unless you cast Stop on it first.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/52.jpg '''Phantom''']: Ghostlike Heartless that haunted Big Ben (the Clock Tower) in Neverland. The only way to beat is to cast magic depending on the color of it's 'heart', but use a physical attack when it's white. Can cast 'Doom' on party members, which can not be revived once KO'd. To stop Doom, cast stop on Big Ben.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/4.jpg '''Kurt Zisa''']: Exclusive to US and Final Mix versions, this giant cobra-headed mechanical Heartless appeared in Agrabah. Weilding two large sabers in its middle arms, Kurt Zisa uses different attack patterns.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/007.jpg '''Chimera'''][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/006.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/008.jpg]: A boss exclusive to Final Mix, it it a strange robot-like creation with a test-tube style "head" that contains three decapitated heads. It it found at the ruins of Oogie's manor once the Keyhole of Hollow Bastion is opened.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/45.jpg '''Invisible''']: Demonic heartless that wield large swords, they can move freely through the air. Besides their sword they attack with their tails and turn invisible and lay down their sword. The target who is closest to the sword will be 'locked on' and get damaged. With their high attack power, they often defeat their foes quickly.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/76.jpg '''Angel Star''']: Flying Heartless that mostly appear at the End of the World. They are born of holy spells and attack from long range with magic. They block physical attacks with their wings and absorb all magic spells.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/009.jpg '''Neo Shadows''']: Evolved versions of the Shadows seen in the ''Deep Dive'' and ''Another Side, Another Story'', they can be fought at the End of the World on Final Mix.

===''Final Fantasy'' cameos===
On Destiny Islands, the player meets younger versions of [[Tidus]], [[Wakka]] (both from ''[[Final Fantasy X]]''), and [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]] (from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]''). In Traverse Town, the player encounters [[Squall Leonhart|Squall]] (under the alias of '''Leon''') from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'', as well as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]], [[Cid Highwind|Cid]], and [[Yuffie Kisaragi|Yuffie]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]''. In the Olympus Collesium, the player gets to fight Leon, Yuffie, and [[Cloud Strife]] of ''Final Fantasy VII''. In the American and ''Final Mix'' versions, the player gets to fight [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' as well, and ''Final Mix'' has an additional scene in which Cloud and Sephiroth fight to the death.

The game also uses other Final Fantasy icons. [[Moogle]]s make an appearance and help you obtain the ultimate weapon (the aptly named '''Ultima Weapon'''). Several other weapons, such as Lionheart and Save the Queen, have a Final Fantasy theme. The Final Fantasy Magic Naming System (ie. Cure, Cura, Curaga, etc.) is also in place. The names of various spells are the names of Gummi blocks, and various summons or monsters are the names of Gummi ships.

==The Keyblade==
The main weapon in ''Kingdom Hearts'', the '''Keyblade''', is wielded by Sora and is the only thing that can lock the worlds, thus preventing the Heartless from consuming the heart of a world. It is the only weapon that can destroy the Heartless completely, though because of it, the wielder, Sora, is constantly pursued by the Heartless. They are mainly drawn to Sora's heart, however, not the Keyblade.

The Keyblade is upgradable via keychains, each of which change its appearance and powers.

'''List of Keyblades'''
* Kingdom Key
* Jungle King
* Three Wishes
* Spellbinder
* Crabclaw
* Pumpkinhead
* Wishing Star
* Fairy Harp
* Olympia
* Metal Chocobo
* Lady Luck
* Divine Rose
* Lionheart
* Oathkeeper
* Oblivion
* Ultima

'''Final Mix Keyblades'''
* One-Winged Angel
* Diamond Dust

==Positive criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' received a generally positive response from reviewers upon release. Most lauded the game's unique battle system, [[computer graphics|graphics]] (both in an artistic and a technical sense) and [[storyline]]. The game also received good notices for the [[voice actor|voice acting]] used, as it is an aspect of video games that is considered difficult to do well.

==Negative criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' has been criticized by some fans for ruining the ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' characters placed in it. For example, several characters are made younger and do not play a major role in the story. Some of the voice actors for the more popular ''Final Fantasy'' characters (for example, [[Mandy Moore]] voicing [[Aerith]] and [[Lance Bass]] as [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]]) were seen as another element of error. Other criticisms include the addition of [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters (many ''Final Fantasy'' and RPG fans were turned-off by elements they considered to be for children), the debatably childish storyline, and awkward camera angles during battles.

Another criticism levelled by reviewers and players alike revolves around the Gummi ship missions, with the main complaint being that they are not up to the same standard of play as the rest of game. The developers seem to have taken these comments onboard as the sequel, ''Kingdom Hearts II'' reportedly features an overhaul of this aspect of the series. [http://ps2.ign.com/articles/574/574443p1.html]

==Trivia==
* The secret boss '''Kurt Zisa''' was named after the winner of a publicity contest held by Squaresoft to promote the game.

* In addition to '''Kurt Zisa''', other additional bosses in the game include '''Phantom''' (located in Clock Tower section of Neverland, accessible after you beat Hollow Bastion), '''Ice Titan''', and '''Sephiroth''' (both are in the Colliseum and accessible after you lock Hollow Bastion). These bosses do not need to be defeated to complete the story, but are a source of many experience points, items, and money. They are not present in the original Japanese release.

* Many of the Heartless are modeled after the Black Mages of Final Fantasy.

==Sequel==

''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'', the [[Game Boy Advance]] sequel to the original game, takes place directly after the plot of ''Kingdom Hearts'', and provides the link between ''Kingdom Hearts'' and ''Kingdom Hearts II''. It was released on [[December 7]], [[2004]].

A second [[sequel]], ''[[Kingdom Hearts II]]'' for the [[PlayStation 2]], is in the works. Its planned release dates in both [[Japan]] and the [[United States]] are confirmed to be in Q4 [[2005]]. Despite this, though, Square Enix is a bit vague on the release date, stating that it might not be out in time for Christmas of [[2005]], maybe even being released in Q1 of [[2006]].

==External Links==
* [http://www.kh2.co.uk ''Kingdom Hearts'' Ultimania]
* [http://www.kingdomhearts.com/ Official ''Kingdom Hearts'' site]
* [http://www.kingdom-hearts.com/ Official international ''Kingdom Hearts ''site]
* [http://kingdomhearts.animesp.net/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' Images]
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0322968/ ''Kingdom Hearts''] at the [[Internet Movie Database]]
* [http://www.ansemreport.com/ Ansem Report]
* [http://www.squarehaven.com/games/ps2/kh/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' coverage @ The Square Haven]
* [http://www.rpgplanet.com/kingdomhearts/ Kingdom Key]
* [http://www.oritsuru.com/KH/ Oritsuru - Kingdom Hearts]
{| align="center" cellspacing="0" class="toccolours" style="clear:both;text-align:center"
|-
|| Previous game in series:
||
|| Next game in series:
|-
| style="background:#ccf;" width="33%"| '''''None'''''
| width="33%" | '''''Kingdom Hearts'''''
| style="background:#ccf;" | '''''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'''''
|}

{{FinalFantasy series}}

[[Category:Computer and video role-playing games]]
[[Category:Final Fantasy spin-offs]]
[[Category:PlayStation 2 games]]
[[Category:Square games]]

[[it:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[ja:キングダムハーツ]]

Kingdom Hearts (Computerspiel)

2005-07-07T23:12:53Z

64.12.117.8: /* Unknown */

{{Infobox CVG| title = Kingdom Hearts
|image = [[Image:khbox.jpg|center|185px|US box art for Kingdom Hearts.]]
|developer = [[Square Co., Ltd.]]
|publisher = [[Square Co., Ltd.]]
|designer =
|engine =
|released = [[September 20]], [[2002]]
|genre = [[computer role playing game|RPG]]
|modes = [[Single player]]
|ratings = [[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]]: Everyone (E)
|platforms = [[PlayStation 2]]
|media = [[DVD-ROM]]
|requirements =
|input =
}}
'''''Kingdom Hearts''''' ([[Japanese_language|Japanese]]: キングダムハーツ ''Kingudamu Hātsu'') is an action [[computer role-playing game|RPG]] that was released in [[Autumn]] of [[2002]], which is notable for being the result of a collaboration between the video game manufacturer and producer [[Square Co., Ltd.]] and [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]].

==Overview==
[[Image:Kingdom Hearts Battle Screenshot.jpg|thumb|right|A typical battle in Kingdom Hearts North American version]]
''Kingdom Hearts'' begins on lush tropical islands called the "Destiny Islands", home to the main characters Sora, Riku, and Kairi. One night, a storm sweeps through the island, and evil creatures called the Heartless appear. The three friends are separated. Then Sora receives his weapon, the Keyblade. Using the Keyblade and teaming up with various [[Disney]] characters, such as [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], he seeks to defeat the Heartless and be reunited with his friends.

It is an action-based RPG, featuring realtime rendered backgrounds and scenery. The music is composed by [[Yoko Shimomura]], the ending credits theme {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - March Caprice For Piano And Orchestra.ogg|sample}} and opening orchestration {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari (Orchestrated Instrumental).ogg|sample}} is by [[Kaoru Wada]], and the main vocal theme is "Hikari" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari.ogg|sample}} (light) known as "[[Simple and Clean]]" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Simple And Clean.ogg|sample}} in Western releases. Both versions of the song were composed and performed by [[Utada Hikaru]].

==Plot==
In ''Kingdom Hearts'', a villain has used the Heartless to tear down the walls between the many worlds. Lead character Sora, as well as popular Disney characters [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], must travel to each of these worlds, using the mighty Keyblade to seal the entrances to the hearts of the worlds before the Heartless can destroy them. The main villain himself seeks to find the door into utter darkness. Sora's friend, Riku, has been seduced by the darkness, and makes several attempts on Sora's life.

==Final Mix==
[[Image:Cloud and Sephiroth KHFM.jpg|242px|thumb|right|Cloud and Sephiroth's new cutscene]]
[[Image:Neo Shadow.jpg|242px|thumb|left|New types of heartless in Final Mix, those are Neo Shadows]]
In ''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'', the [[Japan]]ese re-release of the game, several events and a number of gameplay tweaks are added. Various new enemies, abilities and weapons are created, and slight changes have been made to affect the game's difficulty. The game ends with what many fans assume to be the teaser trailer for ''Kingdom Hearts II'' (a trailer which was also available in the North American version by doing a lot of side-quests) a sequel which has recently been announced. In this teaser, titled '''Deep Dive''', Mickey and four other cloaked figures are shown. One of the Unknowns carries two keyblades and has been confirmed as the Blonde Haired Kid, and the other is blindfolded and has been confirmed as Riku.

==Worlds==
The many worlds in which the game takes place include various Disney settings, as well as some original ones.

The Disney-based worlds:
* Wonderland, from ''[[Alice in Wonderland (1951 movie)|Alice in Wonderland]]''
* Deep Jungle, from ''[[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Tarzan]]''
* Olympus Coliseum, from ''[[Hercules (1997 movie)|Hercules]]''
* Agrabah, from ''[[Aladdin (1992 movie)|Aladdin]]''
* Monstro, from ''[[Pinocchio (1940 movie)|Pinocchio]]''
* Atlantica, from ''[[The Little Mermaid (movie)|The Little Mermaid]]''
* Halloween Town, from ''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas]]''
* Neverland, from ''[[Peter Pan (1953 movie)|Peter Pan]]''
* Hundred Acre Wood, from ''[[Winnie the Pooh]]''
* Disney Castle (non-playable)

The original worlds:
* Destiny Islands
* [[Traverse Town]]
* Hollow Bastion
* End of the World

==Voice cast (English)==

Note: Most of the Disney Characters are voiced by their orignal voice actors from the movies.

*[[Haley Joel Osment]] ... as Sora
*[[Tony Anselmo]] ... as [[Donald Duck]]
*[[Bill Farmer]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[David Gallagher]] ... as Riku
*[[Hayden Panettiere]] ... as Kairi
*[[Billy Zane]] ... as [[Ansem]]
*[[David Boreanaz]] ... as Leon ([[Squall Leonhart]])
*[[Mandy Moore]] ... as [[Aeris Gainsborough]]
*[[Steve Burton]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[James Lance Bass]] ... as [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]]
*[[Sean Astin]] ... as Hercules
*[[Bobby Castanzo]] ... as Philoctetes (Phil)
*[[Robby Benson]] ... as Beast
*[[Dan Castellaneta]] ... as Genie
*[[Gilbert Gottfried]] ... as Iago
*[[James Woods]] ... as Hades
*[[Christy Carlson Romano]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Dee Bradley Baker]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Shaun Flemming]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Molly Keck]] ... as [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]]
*[[Chris Sarandon]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Rita Rudner]] ... as Sally
*[[Kath Soucie]] ... as Sora's mother and Shock
*[[Jeff Bennett]] ... as Barrel, The Mayor, and Mr. Smee
*[[Ken Page]] ... as [[Oogie Boogie]]
*[[Kenneth Mars|Ken Mars]] ... as King Triton
*[[Jim Cummings]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]] and [[Tigger]]
*[[Jonathan Freeman]] ... as [[Jafar]]
*[[Tony Goldwyn]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Linda Larkin]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Chris Steele]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Audrey Wasilewski]] ... as Terk
*[[Scott Weinger]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Russi Taylor]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Wayne Allwine]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]
*[[Seth Adkins]] ... as Pinocchio
*[[Kathryn Beaumont]] ... as Alice and Wendy
*[[Jodi Benson]] ... as Ariel
*[[Susan Blakeslee]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Brian Blessed]] ... as Clayton
*[[Corey Burton]] ... as [[Captain Hook]], Doorknob, Flotsam, Jetsam, and White Rabbit
*[[Eddie Carroll]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Pat Carroll]] ... as Ursula
*[[John Feidler]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Jess Harnell]] ... as Dr. Finkelstein and Lock
*[[Naia Kelly]] ... as Jane Porter
*[[Eli Linnetz]] ... as Flounder
*[[Tress MacNeille]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and [[Queen of Hearts]]
*[[Mark Mosely]] ... as Mushu
*[[Tony Pope]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Kevin Michael Richardson]] ... as Sebastian

==Voice cast (Japanese)==
*[[Miyu Irino]] ... as Sora
*[[Mamoru Miyano]] ... as Riku
*[[Risa Uchida]] ... as Kairi
*[[Koichi Yamadera]] ... as [[Donald Duck]], Genie, Mushu, Beast, Sebastian
*[[Yutaka Shimaka]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[Kaneta Kimotsuki]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Toshiko Sawada]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Akio Otsuka]] ... as Ansem
*[[Mayuko Aoki]] ... as Selphie
*[[Masakazu Morita]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Kazuya Nakai]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Hideo Ishikawa]] ... as Leon
*[[Yumi Kakazu]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Maaya Sakamoto]] ... as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]]
*[[Takahiro Sakurai]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[Yuko Mizutani]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Mika Doi]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and Alice
*[[Shigeru Ushiyama]] ... as the White Rabbit
*[[Sumie Ozawa]] ... as the Queen Of Hearts
*[[Takehiro Koyama]] ... as the Doorknob
*[[Yasunori Matsumoto]] ... as Hercules
*[[Ichiro Nagai]] ... as Philoctetes
*[[Kyusaku Shimada]] ... as Hades
*[[Juurouta Kosugi]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Banjou Ginga]] ... as Clayton
*[[Mayumi Suzuki]] ... as Jane Porter, Ariel
*[[Yuko Doi]] ... as Terk. Sally, Shock
*[[Shinichiro Miki]] ... as Aladdin
*[[Kaori Aso]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Akira Takarada]] ... as Jafar
*[[Akira Kamiya]] ... as Iago
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Yuki Tokiwa]] ... as Pinocchio, Flounder
*[[Taro Ishida]] ... as King Triton
*[[Kujira]] ... as Ursula
*[[Shuichiro Moriyama]] ... as Flotsam and Jetsam
*[[Masachika Ichimura]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Toru Ohira]] ... as the Mayor
*[[Yuji Mitsuya]] ... as Dr. Finklestein
*[[Hiroshi Hatanaka]] ... as Oogie Boogie
*[[Shintaro Sono'oka]] ... as Lock
*[[Shigeo Matsuzawa]] ... as Barrel
*[[Mitsuo Iwata]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Chikao Ohtsuka]] ... as Captain Hook
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Mr. Smee
*[[Yuriko Fuchisaki]] ... as Wendy
*[[Shun Yashiro]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]]
*[[Tessho Genda]] ... as [[Tigger]]
*[[Kiyoshi Komiyama]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Yakashi Aoyagi]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]

==Characters==

{{spoiler}}

===Sora===
The hero of the game, Sora is fourteen years old and on a quest to find his friends while saving various worlds from the Heartless. He carries a peculiar weapon, the Keyblade, and travels with Disney characters Donald Duck and Goofy who are looking for their king, [[Mickey Mouse]]. As a teenager, Sora has his share of concerns, but overall, he manages to keep an upbeat attitude. He seems too simple-minded at times, but he has a strong sense of justice.

===Riku===
One of Sora's best friends, Riku is fifteen years old, and lives with him on Destiny Islands. Although Riku is 'officially' Sora's best friend, but there was a conflict between those two since Kairi came to their island, resulting in a rivalry between them. Riku is older than his friends and much more serious than them. He cannot stand living in the enclosed world of the islands and seeks to find a way out. He and his two friends start to build a raft in hopes to sail to another world at the start of the game. However, when the Heartless attack the islands, Riku seems to have no fear of the darkness they bring and goes into it willingly. After discovering new worlds, he searches in an attempt to find them, but when he finds Sora with Donald Duck and Goofy, Riku assumes that Sora has abandoned him. After that, Riku joined with with Maleficent and starts searching primarily for Kairi. He made several attempts on Sora's life, including stealing the Keyblade and his friends, because Riku was meant to have the Keyblade and he seemingly believed that Sora is far too weak to protect Kairi. But Riku was cast into the World of Darkness after his body was taken over by Ansem. He then assisted Sora in closing the door to Kingdom Hearts, with himself behind it.

===Kairi===
Sora's other best friend who lives with him and Riku on Destiny Islands, Kairi is also 14 years old. Sora and Riku often compete for her attention and affection. Kairi also disappears after the destruction of Destiny Islands, and Sora doesn't find her until he reaches Neverland. However, she doesn't react to anything he does and is completely unaware that he is even in her presence. Riku reveals that she lost her heart sometime between the destruction of their home and his finding her, and that he joined Maleficent to locate her heart. Kairi also seems to have some connection to Hollow Bastion and its mysterious keyhole, which is said to need "seven princesses of heart" to open.

===[[Donald Duck]]===
Donald Duck appears as a magician, capable of doing various spells from curative to offensive. He, along with Goofy, go to find their missing king, who has gone on a mission to investigate the bedlam the kingdom is under, as well as the Keyblade Master. He contributes to the party with his repetoire of spells and also brings the comic antics he never seems to lose throughout the Disney series'.

===[[Goofy]]===
Goofy appears with Donald on the same "find the king" mission. He appears as a warrior, a master in physical stats (HP, strength, and defense). He is the Captain of the Royal Knights and despises weapon usage, so he uses a shield to attack and defend, and is the king's most loyal subject. He is a great help and is the group's pack mule (he carries the most accessories and items). Like Donald, his comical antics never seem to die out.

===Disney villains===
The villains of ''Kingdom Hearts''. Led by [[Maleficent]], they are composed of [[Jafar]], [[Hades]], [[Ursula]], [[Oogie Boogie]], and [[Captain Hook]]. They use the Heartless for their evil plans in order to obtain seven maidens of the purest heart, called the Princesses of Heart, and to dominate their resident world under their rule or vengeance, etc. As Ansem's journal said, once they had obtained all seven such Princesses, they will be able to unlock the Final Keyhole. Other Disney villians that also appear but are not affiliated with Maleficent are [[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Clayton]](Who used the Heartless to hunt Gorillas) and one of the villains from Wonderland (it is debatable whether the Wonderland villain is the [[Queen of Hearts]] or the [[Cheshire_cat|Cheshire Cat]], but neither used Heartless.).

===[[Ansem]]===
The true villain of ''Kingdom Hearts'', he was hiding in the shadows until [[Maleficent]] gathered all seven Princesses of Heart. He was the ruler of Hollow Bastion (where the villains set up their base of operations), but he went insane due to his research on the Heartless, believing that only the power of darkness rules existence. He entered the darkness, losing his body in the process, but had a will great enough to withstand becoming a Heartless himself, and instead became something more. Deceiving Riku into letting him possess the boy's body, Ansem regained his physical form and purged Riku's heart from him when he tried to fight back. Sora followed Ansem to the world beyond the Final Keyhole, the End of the World, where the door to Kingdom Hearts awaited, and defeated him before Kingdom Hearts was fully opened. Although Ansem dies in the end of the game, he lives on in Riku's mind and returns in Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories, the sequel. In addition, Ansem's original body which he abandoned before plunging into darkness - DiZ - is a major character in later games.

===Unknown===
A mysterious cloaked figure who appears at Hollow Bastion in Final Mix as an optional boss. He serves as a prelude to the game's sequels, being the first member of the organiziation Sora encountered. he doesn't talk. He speaks to you in your mind.[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/013.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/001.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/002.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/003.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/014.jpg]

===The Heartless===
The Heartless are creatures born of the darkness in people's hearts. When they consume a person's heart, their body vanishes and their heart falls to darkness. Almost all of them are branded with the same [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/90.jpg symbol]. The Heartless with that symbol was created by Ansem, using a machine that artificially creates Heartless. They pursue the wielder of the Keyblade, Sora, although their reasons are not entirely clear.

===='''Types of Heartless'''====

'''Shadows''': The most basic of Heartless, they are found everywhere. They sneak up to their enemies and strike them with sharp claws. They are extremely tenacious, often chasing their prey to the end.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/44.jpg '''Darkside''']: Enormous Heartless that appeared in the Destiny Islands with Shadows. Although Sora defeated it, the island was swallowed by the darkness. Sora would face it again during the fight with Ansem.

'''Soldiers''': Shadows dressed in armor. Found in various places.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/49.jpg '''Guard Armor''']: Living suit of armor, it was the first Heartless Sora fought with Donald and Goofy by his side.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/79.jpg '''Red Nocturne''']: Fire-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/70.jpg '''Large Body''']: Overweight Heartless, they seem tame and laid-back but go berserk when they are low on health, charging at the one who ticked them off.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/50.jpg '''Trickmaster''']: A Heartless Sora and company encountered while they searched for Alice in Wonderland. Moves rather erratically with it's juggling batons.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/82.jpg '''Blue Rhapsody''']: Blizzard-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/54.jpg '''Powerwild''']: Monkey-like Heartless that have great physical strength and agility that they use in combination attacks.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/55.jpg '''Bouncywild''']: Monkey-like Heartless that, unlike Powerwilds, attack from long-range with a slingshot. They scamper about during battle, making them difficult to hit.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/238.jpg '''Black Ballad''']: Spell-casting Heartless exclusive to Final Mix. Found in Deep Jungle, it can create four duplicates.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/48.jpg '''Stealth Sneak''']: A [[chameleon]] Heartless Clayon used in battle. It somehow manipulated the light to turn invisible. It crushed Clayton to death before it faded away.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/74.jpg '''Air Soldiers''']: Winged heartless found in various places. They fly over their enemies and dive to strike them. Their high endurance and quickness make them tough to beat.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/80.jpg '''Yellow Opera''']: Thunder-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/81.jpg '''Green Requiem''']: Cure-casting Heartless, able to asborb most magic attacks. Their weakness is Gravity.

'''Opposite Armor''': A stronger version of Guard Armor, it guarded the keyhole in Traverse Town.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/67.jpg '''Bandit''']: Heartless that mostly appear in Agrabah. They can travel under the sand and weild sabers.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/69.jpg '''Fat Bandit''']: Overweight Heartless that mostly appear in Agrabah. They are well balanced offensively and defensively. Besides strong physical attacks, they use fire and they block attacks against them.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/62.jpg '''Pot Spider''']: Heartless in the form of ordinary pots, they lie in wait as ordinary pots then reveal themselves and attack when their enemies draw near.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/004.jpg '''Pot Scorpion''']: Exclusive in Final Mix, it is Heartless in the form of a giant pot. It lies in wait as a ordinary pot then reveal itself and attacks with its poison and claws.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/51.jpg '''Pot Centipede''']: A Heartless whose long body is composed of a number of Pot Spiders linked together. Even if its body comes apart, it can regenerate itself by gathering other pots. Casts Thunder.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/65.jpg '''Search Ghost''']: Ghost-like Heartless that appear in various areas. They roam in dark areas and emit light from their eye to target their enemies. They can warp from one place to another.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/63.jpg '''Barrel Spider''']: Heartless in the form of a Gunpowder barrel. They explode when hit enough.

'''Grand Ghost''': A giant Search Ghost exclusive to Final Mix. Impervious to all attacks and offensive magic, only cure-spells can hurt it.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/53.jpg '''Parasite Cage''']: Heartless that appeared inside Monstro. It's known to swallow its enemies. Sora and the others rescue Pinocchio who was trapped inside it.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg '''Sheltering Zone''']: A giant jellyfish Heartless, [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg Shetlering Zone] breaks up into many smaller forms called[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg '''Sea Neons'''] when defeated by physical attacks.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/64.jpg '''Screwdiver''']: Heartless that acts with Aquatank. Basically shadows in [[SCUBA]] gear. Casting Thunder on them will only heal them and make them faster for a short time.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/59.jpg '''Aquatank''']: Heartless resembling anglerfish that calmly swim the seas. They are often carrying Screwdivers and cast thunder magic from their lures.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/68.jpg '''Wight Knight''']: Mummy-like Heartless that mostly appear in Halloween Town. Their jerky, dance-like attack moves are fairly easy to dodge, but cause large damage.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/77.jpg '''Gargoyle''']: Winged Heartless that mostly appear in Halloween Town, they can move from one place to another almost without notice. They attack with strange balls of light.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/66.jpg '''Pirate''']: Heartless that mostly appear in Neverland, that are master swordsmen.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/73.jpg '''Air Pirate''']: Winged Heartless that mostly appear in Neverland. They are extremely combative and are hardly ever caught off guard. They attack with martial-arts-like techniques.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/60.jpg '''Battleship''']: A Heartless that is fused onto a pirate ship. They attack with homing and magic projectiles.

'''Jet Balloon''':Flying versions of Aquatank, exclusive to Final Mix.

'''Missile Drivers''': Flying versions of Screw Divers, they are exclusive to Final Mix.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/72.jpg '''Defender''']: Knight-like Heartless that mostly appear in Hollow Bastion. They each carry an eerie shield with a lion head on it. It will bite if a target is too close and can cast Blizzard and Fire out of its mouth.

'''Stealth Soldier''': A black-skinned version of the Stealth Sneak, exclusive to Final Mix.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/75.jpg '''Wyvern''']: Dragon-like Heartless that attack from the air.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/47.jpg '''Darkball''']: Heartless born purely out of darkness.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/78.jpg '''Wizard''']:Levitating Heartless that attack with various powerful spells. Gravity and stop are the only spells that will hurt them. If any other spell is cast on them, they will heal and deflect the spell back at you.

'''Sniper Wild''': A monkey-like heartless exlusive to Final Mix. Found in Traverse Town after the Keyhole is opened, they have great aim and never miss a target.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/71.jpg '''Behemoth''']: Immensely huge and powerful Heartless that can only be damaged by striking their horns. Can perform meteor and cause earthquakes.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/56.jpg '''White Mushroom''']: Non-attacking, friendly Heartless that plays charades. Cast magic on it. If cast on the same spell 3 times that help it, it may drop Mystery Goo but always will drop Arts. It depends what kind of spell you cast. Mostly found outside the Tent in '''Deep Jungle'''.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/58.jpg '''Black Fungus''']: Hostile Heartless, unlike White Mushrooms. They attack with poison mist and turn into stone making it invincible.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/57.jpg '''Rare Truffle''']: Non-attacking mushroom Heartless that are rarely found. They like to jump. Hit them while in mid-air to help them jump. But in Halloween Town, cast Aero and let them jump on your 'shield'. Renew 20-25 times.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/005.jpg '''Pink Agaricus''']: A giant pink-topped green-bodied colored mushroom Heartless exclusive to Final Mix. Attacking causes it to disappear, unless you cast Stop on it first.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/52.jpg '''Phantom''']: Ghostlike Heartless that haunted Big Ben (the Clock Tower) in Neverland. The only way to beat is to cast magic depending on the color of it's 'heart', but use a physical attack when it's white. Can cast 'Doom' on party members, which can not be revived once KO'd. To stop Doom, cast stop on Big Ben.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/4.jpg '''Kurt Zisa''']: Exclusive to US and Final Mix versions, this giant cobra-headed mechanical Heartless appeared in Agrabah. Weilding two large sabers in its middle arms, Kurt Zisa uses different attack patterns.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/007.jpg '''Chimera'''][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/006.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/008.jpg]: A boss exclusive to Final Mix, it it a strange robot-like creation with a test-tube style "head" that contains three decapitated heads. It it found at the ruins of Oogie's manor once the Keyhole of Hollow Bastion is opened.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/45.jpg '''Invisible''']: Demonic heartless that wield large swords, they can move freely through the air. Besides their sword they attack with their tails and turn invisible and lay down their sword. The target who is closest to the sword will be 'locked on' and get damaged. With their high attack power, they often defeat their foes quickly.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/76.jpg '''Angel Star''']: Flying Heartless that mostly appear at the End of the World. They are born of holy spells and attack from long range with magic. They block physical attacks with their wings and absorb all magic spells.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/009.jpg '''Neo Shadows''']: Evolved versions of the Shadows seen in the ''Deep Dive'' and ''Another Side, Another Story'', they can be fought at the End of the World on Final Mix.

===''Final Fantasy'' cameos===
On Destiny Islands, the player meets younger versions of [[Tidus]], [[Wakka]] (both from ''[[Final Fantasy X]]''), and [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]] (from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]''). In Traverse Town, the player encounters [[Squall Leonhart|Squall]] (under the alias of '''Leon''') from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'', as well as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]], [[Cid Highwind|Cid]], and [[Yuffie Kisaragi|Yuffie]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]''. In the Olympus Collesium, the player gets to fight Leon, Yuffie, and [[Cloud Strife]] of ''Final Fantasy VII''. In the American and ''Final Mix'' versions, the player gets to fight [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' as well, and ''Final Mix'' has an additional scene in which Cloud and Sephiroth fight to the death.

The game also uses other Final Fantasy icons. [[Moogle]]s make an appearance and help you obtain the ultimate weapon (the aptly named '''Ultima Weapon'''). Several other weapons, such as Lionheart and Save the Queen, have a Final Fantasy theme. The Final Fantasy Magic Naming System (ie. Cure, Cura, Curaga, etc.) is also in place. The names of various spells are the names of Gummi blocks, and various summons or monsters are the names of Gummi ships.

==The Keyblade==
The main weapon in ''Kingdom Hearts'', the '''Keyblade''', is wielded by Sora and is the only thing that can lock the worlds, thus preventing the Heartless from consuming the heart of a world. It is the only weapon that can destroy the Heartless completely, though because of it, the wielder, Sora, is constantly pursued by the Heartless. They are mainly drawn to Sora's heart, however, not the Keyblade.

The Keyblade is upgradable via keychains, each of which change its appearance and powers.

'''List of Keyblades'''
* Kingdom Key
* Jungle King
* Three Wishes
* Spellbinder
* Crabclaw
* Pumpkinhead
* Wishing Star
* Fairy Harp
* Olympia
* Metal Chocobo
* Lady Luck
* Divine Rose
* Lionheart
* Oathkeeper
* Oblivion
* Ultima

'''Final Mix Keyblades'''
* One-Winged Angel
* Diamond Dust

==Positive criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' received a generally positive response from reviewers upon release. Most lauded the game's unique battle system, [[computer graphics|graphics]] (both in an artistic and a technical sense) and [[storyline]]. The game also received good notices for the [[voice actor|voice acting]] used, as it is an aspect of video games that is considered difficult to do well.

==Negative criticisms==
''Kingdom Hearts'' has been criticized by some fans for ruining the ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' characters placed in it. For example, several characters are made younger and do not play a major role in the story. Some of the voice actors for the more popular ''Final Fantasy'' characters (for example, [[Mandy Moore]] voicing [[Aerith]] and [[Lance Bass]] as [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]]) were seen as another element of error. Other criticisms include the addition of [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters (many ''Final Fantasy'' and RPG fans were turned-off by elements they considered to be for children), the debatably childish storyline, and awkward camera angles during battles.

Another criticism levelled by reviewers and players alike revolves around the Gummi ship missions, with the main complaint being that they are not up to the same standard of play as the rest of game. The developers seem to have taken these comments onboard as the sequel, ''Kingdom Hearts II'' reportedly features an overhaul of this aspect of the series. [http://ps2.ign.com/articles/574/574443p1.html]

==Trivia==
* The secret boss '''Kurt Zisa''' was named after the winner of a publicity contest held by Squaresoft to promote the game.

* In addition to '''Kurt Zisa''', other additional bosses in the game include '''Phantom''' (located in Clock Tower section of Neverland, accessible after you beat Hollow Bastion), '''Ice Titan''', and '''Sephiroth''' (both are in the Colliseum and accessible after you lock Hollow Bastion). These bosses do not need to be defeated to complete the story, but are a source of many experience points, items, and money. They are not present in the original Japanese release.

* Many of the Heartless are modeled after the Black Mages of Final Fantasy.

==Sequel==

''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'', the [[Game Boy Advance]] sequel to the original game, takes place directly after the plot of ''Kingdom Hearts'', and provides the link between ''Kingdom Hearts'' and ''Kingdom Hearts II''. It was released on [[December 7]], [[2004]].

A second [[sequel]], ''[[Kingdom Hearts II]]'' for the [[PlayStation 2]], is in the works. Its planned release dates in both [[Japan]] and the [[United States]] are confirmed to be in Q4 [[2005]]. Despite this, though, Square Enix is a bit vague on the release date, stating that it might not be out in time for Christmas of [[2005]], maybe even being released in Q1 of [[2006]].

==External Links==
* [http://www.kh2.co.uk ''Kingdom Hearts'' Ultimania]
* [http://www.kingdomhearts.com/ Official ''Kingdom Hearts'' site]
* [http://www.kingdom-hearts.com/ Official international ''Kingdom Hearts ''site]
* [http://kingdomhearts.animesp.net/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' Images]
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0322968/ ''Kingdom Hearts''] at the [[Internet Movie Database]]
* [http://www.ansemreport.com/ Ansem Report]
* [http://www.squarehaven.com/games/ps2/kh/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' coverage @ The Square Haven]
* [http://www.rpgplanet.com/kingdomhearts/ Kingdom Key]
* [http://www.oritsuru.com/KH/ Oritsuru - Kingdom Hearts]
{| align="center" cellspacing="0" class="toccolours" style="clear:both;text-align:center"
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|| Previous game in series:
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| style="background:#ccf;" width="33%"| '''''None'''''
| width="33%" | '''''Kingdom Hearts'''''
| style="background:#ccf;" | '''''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'''''
|}

{{FinalFantasy series}}

[[Category:Computer and video role-playing games]]
[[Category:Final Fantasy spin-offs]]
[[Category:PlayStation 2 games]]
[[Category:Square games]]

[[it:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[ja:キングダムハーツ]]

Kingdom Hearts (Computerspiel)

2005-06-30T22:10:52Z

64.12.117.8:

{{Infobox CVG| title = Kingdom Hearts
|image = [[Image:khbox.jpg|center|185px|US box art for Kingdom Hearts.]]
|developer = [[Square Co., Ltd.]]
|publisher = [[Square Co., Ltd.]]
|designer =
|engine =
|released = [[September 20]], [[2002]]
|genre = [[computer role playing game|RPG]]
|modes = [[Single player]]
|ratings = [[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]]: Everyone (E)
|platforms = [[PlayStation 2]]
|media = [[DVD-ROM]]
|requirements =
|input =
}}
'''''Kingdom Hearts''''' ([[Japanese_language|Japanese]]: キングダムハーツ ''Kingudamu Hātsu'') is an [[computer role-playing game|RPG]] that was released in [[Autumn]] of [[2002]], which is notable for being the result of a collaboration between the video game manufacturer and producer [[Square Co., Ltd.]] and [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]].

==Overview==
''Kingdom Hearts'' begins on lush tropical islands called the "Destiny Islands", home to the main characters Sora, Riku, and Kairi. One night, a storm sweeps through the island, and evil creatures called the Heartless appear. The three friends are separated. Then Sora receives his weapon, the Keyblade. Using the Keyblade and teaming up with various [[Disney]] characters, such as [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], he seeks to defeat the Heartless and be reunited with his friends.

It is an action-based RPG, featuring realtime rendered backgrounds and scenery. The music is composed by [[Yoko Shimomura]], the ending credits theme {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - March Caprice For Piano And Orchestra.ogg|sample}} and opening orchestration {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari (Orchestrated Instrumental).ogg|sample}} is by [[Kaoru Wada]], and the main vocal theme is "Hikari" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Hikari.ogg|sample}} (light) known as "[[Simple and Clean]]" {{audio|Kingdom Hearts - Simple And Clean.ogg|sample}} in Western releases. Both versions of the song were composed and performed by [[Utada Hikaru]].

==Plot==
In ''Kingdom Hearts'', a villain has used the Heartless to tear down the walls between the many worlds. Lead character Sora, as well as popular Disney characters [[Donald Duck]] and [[Goofy]], must travel to each of these worlds, using the mighty Keyblade to seal the entrances to the hearts of the worlds before the Heartless can destroy them. The main villain himself seeks to find the door into utter darkness. Sora's friend, Riku, has been seduced by the darkness, and makes several attempts on Sora's life.

==Final Mix==
In ''Kingdom Hearts: Final Mix'', the [[Japan]]ese re-release of the game, several events and a number of gameplay tweaks are added. Various new enemies, abilities and weapons are created, and slight changes have been made to affect the game's difficulty. The game ends with what many fans assume to be the teaser trailer for ''Kingdom Hearts II'', a sequel which has recently been announced. In this teaser, titled '''Deep Dive''', Mickey and four other cloaked figures are shown. One of the Unknowns carries two keyblades, and the other has been confirmed as Riku.

==Worlds==
The many worlds in which the game takes place include various Disney settings, as well as some original ones.

The Disney-based worlds:
* Wonderland, from ''[[Alice in Wonderland (1951 movie)|Alice in Wonderland]]''
* Deep Jungle, from ''[[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Tarzan]]''
* Olympus Coliseum, from ''[[Hercules (1997 movie)|Hercules]]''
* Agrabah, from ''[[Aladdin (1992 movie)|Aladdin]]''
* Monstro, from ''[[Pinocchio (1940 movie)|Pinocchio]]''
* Atlantica, from ''[[The Little Mermaid (movie)|The Little Mermaid]]''
* Halloween Town, from ''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas]]''
* Neverland, from ''[[Peter Pan (1953 movie)|Peter Pan]]''
* Hundred Acre Wood, from ''[[Winnie the Pooh]]''
* Disney Castle (non-playable)

The original worlds:
* Destiny Islands
* [[Traverse Town]]
* Hollow Bastion
* End of the World

==Voice cast (English)==

Note: Most of the Disney Characters are voiced by their orignal voice actors from the movies.

*[[Haley Joel Osment]] ... as Sora
*[[Tony Anselmo]] ... as [[Donald Duck]]
*[[Bill Farmer]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[David Gallagher]] ... as Riku
*[[Hayden Panettiere]] ... as Kairi
*[[Billy Zane]] ... as [[Ansem]]
*[[David Boreanaz]] ... as Leon ([[Squall Leonhart]])
*[[Mandy Moore]] ... as [[Aeris Gainsborough]]
*[[Steve Burton]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[James Lance Bass]] ... as [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]]
*[[Sean Astin]] ... as [[Hercules]]
*[[Bobby Castanzo]] ... as [[Philoctetes]] (Phil)
*[[Robby Benson]] ... as Beast
*[[Dan Castellaneta]] ... as Genie
*[[Gilbert Gottfried]] ... as Iago
*[[James Woods]] ... as [[Hades]]
*[[Christy Carlson Romano]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Dee Bradley Baker]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Shaun Flemming]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Molly Keck]] ... as [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]]
*[[Chris Sarandon]] ... as [[Jack Skellington]]
*[[Rita Rudner]] ... as Sally
*[[Kath Soucie]] ... as Sora's mother and [[Shock]]
*[[Jeff Bennett]] ... as [[Barrel]], The [[Mayor]], and [[Mr. Smee]]
*[[Ken Page]] ... as [[Oogie Boogie]]
*[[Kenneth Mars|Ken Mars]] ... as King Triton
*[[Jim Cummings]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]] and [[Tigger]]
*[[Jonathan Freeman]] ... as [[Jafar]]
*[[Tony Goldwyn]] ... as [[Tarzan]]
*[[Linda Larkin]] ... as [[Jasmine]]
*[[Chris Steele]] ... as [[Peter Pan]]
*[[Audrey Wasilewski]] ... as Terk
*[[Scott Weinger]] ... as [[Aladdin]]
*[[Russi Taylor]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Wayne Allwine]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]
*[[Seth Adkins]] ... as [[Pinocchio]]
*[[Kathryn Beaumont]] ... as Alice and Wendy
*[[Jodi Benson]] ... as [[Ariel]]
*[[Susan Blakeslee]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Brian Blessed]] ... as Clayton
*[[Corey Burton]] ... as [[Captain Hook]], Doorknob, [[Flotsam]], [[Jetsam]], and White Rabbit
*[[Eddie Carroll]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Pat Carroll]] ... as Ursula
*[[John Feidler]] ... as [[Piglet]]
*[[Jess Harnell]] ... as [[Dr. Finkelstein]] and Lock
*[[Naia Kelly]] ... as [[Jane Porter]]
*[[Eli Linnetz]] ... as [[Flounder]]
*[[Tress MacNeille]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and [[Queen of Hearts]]
*[[Mark Mosely]] ... as [[Mushu]]
*[[Tony Pope]] ... as [[Geppetto]]
*[[Kevin Michael Richardson]] ... as [[Sebastian]]

==Voice cast (Japanese)==
*[[Miyu Irino]] ... as Sora
*[[Mamoru Miyano]] ... as Riku
*[[Risa Uchida]] ... as Kairi
*[[Koichi Yamadera]] ... as [[Donald Duck]], Genie, Mushu, Beast, Sebastian
*[[Yutaka Shimaka]] ... as [[Goofy]]
*[[Kaneta Kimotsuki]] ... as [[Jiminy Cricket]]
*[[Toshiko Sawada]] ... as [[Maleficent]]
*[[Akio Otsuka]] ... as Ansem
*[[Mayuko Aoki]] ... as Selphie
*[[Masakazu Morita]] ... as [[Tidus]]
*[[Kazuya Nakai]] ... as [[Wakka]]
*[[Hideo Ishikawa]] ... as Leon
*[[Yumi Kakazu]] ... as [[Yuffie]]
*[[Maaya Sakamoto]] ... as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]]
*[[Takahiro Sakurai]] ... as [[Cloud Strife]]
*[[Yuko Mizutani]] ... as [[Minnie Mouse]]
*[[Mika Doi]] ... as [[Daisy Duck]] and Alice
*[[Shigeru Ushiyama]] ... as the White Rabbit
*[[Sumie Ozawa]] ... as the Queen Of Hearts
*[[Takehiro Koyama]] ... as the Doorknob
*[[Yasunori Matsumoto]] ... as [[Hercules]]
*[[Ichiro Nagai]] ... as [[Philoctetes]]
*[[Kyusaku Shimada]] ... as Hades
*[[Juurouta Kosugi]] ... as Tarzan
*[[Banjou Ginga]] ... as Clayton
*[[Mayumi Suzuki]] ... as Jane Porter, [[Ariel]]
*[[Yuko Doi]] ... as Terk. Sally, Shock
*[[Shinichiro Miki]] ... as [[Aladdin]]
*[[Kaori Aso]] ... as Jasmine
*[[Akira Takarada]] ... as Jafar
*[[Akira Kamiya]] ... as Iago
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Geppetto
*[[Yuki Tokiwa]] ... as [[Pinocchio]], Flounder
*[[Taro Ishida]] ... as [[King Triton]]
*[[Kujira]] ... as Ursula
*[[Shuichiro Moriyama]] ... as Flotsam and Jetsam
*[[Masachika Ichimura]] ... as Jack Skellington
*[[Toru Ohira]] ... as the Mayor
*[[Yuji Mitsuya]] ... as Dr. Finklestein
*[[Hiroshi Hatanaka]] ... as Oogie Boogie
*[[Shintaro Sono'oka]] ... as Lock
*[[Shigeo Matsuzawa]] ... as Barrel
*[[Mitsuo Iwata]] ... as Peter Pan
*[[Chikao Ohtsuka]] ... as Captain Hook
*[[Kazuo Kumakura]] ... as Mr. Smee
*[[Yuriko Fuchisaki]] ... as Wendy
*[[Shun Yashiro]] ... as [[Winnie the Pooh]]
*[[Tessho Genda]] ... as [[Tigger]]
*[[Kiyoshi Komiyama]] ... as [[Piglit|Piglet]]
*[[Yakashi Aoyagi]] ... as [[Mickey Mouse]]

==Characters==

{{spoiler}}

===Sora===
The hero of the game, Sora is fourteen years old and on a quest to find his friends while saving various worlds from the Heartless. He carries a peculiar weapon, the Keyblade, and travels with Disney characters Donald Duck and Goofy who are looking for their king, [[Mickey Mouse]]. As a teenager, Sora has his share of concerns, but overall, he manages to keep an upbeat attitude. He seems too simple-minded at times, but he has a strong sense of justice.

===Riku===
One of Sora's best friends, Riku is fifteen years old, and lives with him on Destiny Islands. Although Riku is 'officially' Sora's best friend, but there was a conflict between those two since Kairi came to their island, resulting in a rivalry between them. Riku is older than his friends and much more serious than them. He cannot stand living in the enclosed world of the islands and seeks to find a way out. He and his two friends start to build a raft in hopes to sail to another world at the start of the game. However, when the Heartless attack the islands, Riku seems to have no fear of the darkness they bring and goes into it willingly. After discovering new worlds, he searches in an attempt to find them, but when he finds Sora with Donald Duck and Goofy, Riku assumes that Sora has abandoned him. After that, Riku joined with with Maleficent and starts searching primarily for Kairi. He made several attempts on Sora's life, including stealing the Keyblade and his friends, because Riku was meant to have the Keyblade and he seemingly believed that Sora is far too weak to protect Kairi. But Riku was cast into the World of Darkness after his body was taken over by Ansem. He then assisted Sora in closing the door to Kingdom Hearts, with himself behind it.

===Kairi===
Sora's other best friend who lives with him and Riku on Destiny Islands, Kairi is also 14 years old. Sora and Riku often compete for her attention and affection. Kairi also disappears after the destruction of Destiny Islands, and Sora doesn't find her until he reaches Neverland. However, she doesn't react to anything he does and is completely unaware that he is even in her presence. Riku reveals that she lost her heart sometime between the destruction of their home and his finding her, and that he joined Maleficent to locate her heart. Kairi also seems to have some connection to Hollow Bastion and its mysterious keyhole, which is said to need "seven princesses of heart" to open.

===[[Donald Duck]]===
Donald Duck appears as a magician, capable of doing various spells from curative to offensive. He, along with Goofy, go to find their missing king, who has gone on a mission to investigate the bedlam the kingdom is under, as well as the Keyblade Master. He contributes to the party with his repetoire of spells and also brings the comic antics he never seems to lose throughout the Disney series'.

===[[Goofy]]===
Goofy appears with Donald on the same "find the king" mission. He appears as a warrior, a master in physical stats (HP, strength, and defense). He is the Captain of the Royal Knights and despises weapon usage, so he uses a shield to attack and defend, and is the king's most loyal subject. He is a great help and is the group's pack mule (he carries the most accessories and items). Like Donald, his comical antics never seem to die out.

===Disney villains===
The villains of ''Kingdom Hearts''. Led by [[Maleficent]], they are composed of [[Jafar]], [[Hades]], [[Ursula]], [[Oogie Boogie]], and [[Captain Hook]]. They use the Heartless for their evil plans in order to obtain seven maidens of the purest heart, called the Princesses of Heart, and to dominate their resident world under their rule or vengeance, etc. As Ansem's journal said, once they had obtained all seven such Princesses, they will be able to unlock the Final Keyhole. Other Disney villians that also appear but are not affiliated with Maleficent are [[Tarzan (1999 movie)|Clayton]](Who used the Heartless to hunt Gorillas) and one of the villains from Wonderland (it is debatable whether the Wonderland villain is the [[Queen of Hearts]] or the [[Cheshire Cat]], but neither used Heartless.).

===[[Ansem]]===
The true villain of ''Kingdom Hearts'', he was hiding in the shadows until [[Maleficent]] gathered all seven Princesses of Heart. He was the ruler of Hollow Bastion (where the villains set up their base of operations), but he went insane due to his research on the Heartless, believing that only the power of darkness rules existence. He entered the darkness, losing his body in the process, but had a will great enough to withstand becoming a Heartless himself, and instead became something more. Deceiving Riku into letting him possess the boy's body, Ansem regained his physical form and purged Riku's heart from him when he tried to fight back. Sora followed Ansem to the world beyond the Final Keyhole, the End of the World, where the door to Kingdom Hearts awaited, and defeated him before Kingdom Hearts was fully opened. Although Ansem dies in the end of the game, he lives on in Riku's mind and returns in Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories, the sequel. In addition, Ansem's original body which he abandoned before plunging into darkness - DiZ - is a major character in later games.

===Unknown===
A mysterious cloaked figure who appears at Hollow Bastion in Final Mix as an optional boss. He serves as a prelude to the game's sequels, being the the first member of the organiziation Sora encountered. he doesn't talk. He speaks to you in your mind.[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/013.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/001.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/002.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/003.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/014.jpg]

===The Heartless===
The Heartless are creatures born of the darkness in people's hearts. When they consume a person's heart, their body vanishes and their heart falls to darkness. Almost all of them are branded with the same [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/90.jpg symbol]. The Heartless with that symbol was created by Ansem, using a machine that artificially creates Heartless. They pursue the wielder of the Keyblade, Sora, although their reasons are not entirely clear.

===='''Types of Heartless'''====

'''Shadows''': The most basic of Heartless, they are found everywhere. They sneak up to their enemies and strike them with sharp claws. They are extremely tenacious, often chasing their prey to the end.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/44.jpg '''Darkside''']: Enormous Heartless that appeared in the Destiny Islands with Shadows. Although Sora defeated it, the island was swallowed by the darkness. Sora would face it again during the fight with Ansem.

'''Soldiers''': Shadows dressed in armor. Found in various places.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/49.jpg '''Guard Armor''']: Living suit of armor, it was the first Heartless Sora fought with Donald and Goofy by his side.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/79.jpg '''Red Nocturne''']: Fire-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/70.jpg '''Large Body''']: Overweight Heartless, they seem tame and laid-back but go berserk when they are low on health, charging at the one who ticked them off.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/50.jpg '''Trickmaster''']: A Heartless Sora and company encountered while they searched for Alice in Wonderland. Moves rather erratically with it's juggling batons.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/82.jpg '''Blue Rhapsody''']: Blizzard-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/54.jpg '''Powerwild''']: Monkey-like Heartless that have great physical strength and agility that they use in combination attacks.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/55.jpg '''Bouncywild''']: Monkey-like Heartless that, unlike Powerwilds, attack from long-range with a slingshot. They scamper about during battle, making them difficult to hit.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/238.jpg '''Black Ballad''']: Spell-casting Heartless exclusive to Final Mix. Found in Deep Jungle, it can create four duplicates.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/48.jpg '''Stealth Sneak''']: A [[chameleon]] Heartless Clayon used in battle. It somehow manipulated the light to turn invisible. It crushed Clayton to death before it faded away.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/74.jpg '''Air Soldiers''']: Winged heartless found in various places. They fly over their enemies and dive to strike them. Their high endurance and quickness make them tough to beat.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/80.jpg '''Yellow Opera''']: Thunder-casting Heartless.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/81.jpg '''Green Requiem''']: Cure-casting Heartless, able to asborb most magic attacks. Their weakness is Gravity.

'''Opposite Armor''': A stronger version of Guard Armor, it guarded the keyhole in Traverse Town.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/67.jpg '''Bandit''']: Heartless that mostly appear in Agrabah. They can travel under the sand and weild sabers.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/69.jpg '''Fat Bandit''']: Overweight Heartless that mostly appear in Agrabah. They are well balanced offensively and defensively. Besides strong physical attacks, they use fire and they block attacks against them.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/62.jpg '''Pot Spider''']: Heartless in the form of ordinary pots, they lie in wait as ordinary pots then reveal themselves and attack when their enemies draw near.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/004.jpg '''Pot Scorpion''']: Exclusive in Final Mix, it is Heartless in the form of a giant pot. It lies in wait as a ordinary pot then reveal itself and attacks with its poison and claws.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/51.jpg '''Pot Centipede''']: A Heartless whose long body is composed of a number of Pot Spiders linked together. Even if its body comes apart, it can regenerate itself by gathering other pots. Casts Thunder.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/65.jpg '''Search Ghost''']: Ghost-like Heartless that appear in various areas. They roam in dark areas and emit light from their eye to target their enemies. They can warp from one place to another.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/63.jpg '''Barrel Spider''']: Heartless in the form of a Gunpowder barrel. They explode when hit enough.

'''Grand Ghost''': A giant Search Ghost exclusive to Final Mix. Impervious to all attacks and offensive magic, only cure-spells can hurt it.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/53.jpg '''Parasite Cage''']: Heartless that appeared inside Monstro. It's known to swallow its enemies. Sora and the others rescue Pinocchio who was trapped inside it.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg '''Sheltering Zone''']: A giant jellyfish Heartless, [http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg Shetlering Zone] breaks up into many smaller forms called[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/61.jpg '''Sea Neons'''] when defeated by physical attacks.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/64.jpg '''Screwdiver''']: Heartless that acts with Aquatank. Basically shadows in [[SCUBA]] gear. Casting Thunder on them will only heal them and make them faster for a short time.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/59.jpg '''Aquatank''']: Heartless resembling anglerfish that calmly swim the seas. They are often carrying Screwdivers and cast thunder magic from their lures.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/68.jpg '''Wight Knight''']: Mummy-like Heartless that mostly appear in Halloween Town. Their jerky, dance-like attack moves are fairly easy to dodge, but cause large damage.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/77.jpg '''Gargoyle''']: Winged Heartless that mostly appear in Halloween Town, they can move from one place to another almost without notice. They attack with strange balls of light.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/66.jpg '''Pirate''']: Heartless that mostly appear in Neverland, that are master swordsmen.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/73.jpg '''Air Pirate''']: Winged Heartless that mostly appear in Neverland. They are extremely combative and are hardly ever caught off guard. They attack with martial-arts-like techniques.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/60.jpg '''Battleship''']: A Heartless that is fused onto a pirate ship. They attack with homing and magic projectiles.

'''Jet Balloon''':Flying versions of Aquatank, exclusive to Final Mix.

'''Missile Drivers''': Flying versions of Screw Divers, they are exclusive to Final Mix.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/72.jpg '''Defender''']: Knight-like Heartless that mostly appear in Hollow Bastion. They each carry an eerie shield with a lion head on it. It will bite if a target is too close and can cast Blizzard and Fire out of its mouth.

'''Stealth Soldier''': A black-skinned version of the Stealth Sneak, exclusive to Final Mix.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/75.jpg '''Wyvern''']: Dragon-like Heartless that attack from the air.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/47.jpg '''Darkball''']: Heartless born purely out of darkness.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/78.jpg '''Wizard''']:Levitating Heartless that attack with various powerful spells. Gravity and stop are the only spells that will hurt them. If any other spell is cast on them, they will heal and deflect the spell back at you.

'''Sniper Wild''': A monkey-like heartless exlusive to Final Mix. Found in Traverse Town after the Keyhole is opened, they have great aim and never miss a target.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/71.jpg '''Behemoth''']: Immensely huge and powerful Heartless that can only be damaged by striking their horns. Can perform meteor and cause earthquakes.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/56.jpg '''White Mushroom''']: Non-attacking, friendly Heartless that plays charades. Cast magic on it. If cast on the same spell 3 times that help it, it may drop Mystery Goo but always will drop Arts. It depends what kind of spell you cast. Mostly found outside the Tent in '''Deep Jungle'''.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/58.jpg '''Black Fungus''']: Hostile Heartless, unlike White Mushrooms. They attack with poison mist and turn into stone making it invincible.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/57.jpg '''Rare Truffle''']: Non-attacking mushroom Heartless that are rarely found. They like to jump. Hit them while in mid-air to help them jump. But in Halloween Town, cast Aero and let them jump on your 'shield'. Renew 20-25 times.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/005.jpg '''Pink Agaricus''']: A giant pink-topped green-bodied colored mushroom Heartless exclusive to Final Mix. Attacking causes it to disappear, unless you cast Stop on it first.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/52.jpg '''Phantom''']: Ghostlike Heartless that haunted Big Ben (the Clock Tower) in Neverland. The only way to beat is to cast magic depending on the color of it's 'heart', but use a physical attack when it's white. Can cast 'Doom' on party members, which can not be revived once KO'd. To stop Doom, cast stop on Big Ben.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/4.jpg '''Kurt Zisa''']: Exclusive to US and Final Mix versions, this giant cobra-headed mechanical Heartless appeared in Agrabah. Weilding two large sabers in its middle arms, Kurt Zisa uses different attack patterns.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/007.jpg '''Chimera'''][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/006.jpg][http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/008.jpg]: A boss exclusive to Final Mix, it it a strange robot-like creation with a test-tube style "head" that contains three decapitated heads. It it found at the ruins of Oogie's manor once the Keyhole of Hollow Bastion is opened.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/45.jpg '''Invisible''']: Demonic heartless that wield large swords, they can move freely through the air. Besides their sword they attack with their tails and turn invisible and lay down their sword. The target who is closest to the sword will be 'locked on' and get damaged. With their high attack power, they often defeat their foes quickly.

[http://kh2.co.uk/image.php?image=kh/artwork/76.jpg '''Angel Star''']: Flying Heartless that mostly appear at the End of the World. They are born of holy spells and attack from long range with magic. They block physical attacks with their wings and absorb all magic spells.

[http://www.kingdomhearts2.net/gallery/data/media/25/009.jpg '''Neo Shadows''']: Evolved versions of the Shadows seen in the ''Deep Dive'' and ''Another Side, Another Story'', they can be fought at the End of the World on Final Mix.

===''Final Fantasy'' cameos===
On Destiny Islands, the player meets younger versions of [[Tidus]], [[Wakka]] (both from ''[[Final Fantasy X]]''), and [[Selphie Tilmitt|Selphie]] (from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]''). In Traverse Town, the player encounters [[Squall Leonhart|Squall]] (under the alias of '''Leon''') from ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'', as well as [[Aeris Gainsborough|Aerith]], [[Cid Highwind|Cid]], and [[Yuffie Kisaragi|Yuffie]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]''. In the Olympus Collesium, the player gets to fight Leon, Yuffie, and [[Cloud Strife]] of ''Final Fantasy VII''. In the American and ''Final Mix'' versions, the player gets to fight [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]] from ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' as well, and ''Final Mix'' has an additional scene in which Cloud and Sephiroth fight to the death.

The game also uses other Final Fantasy icons. [[Moogle]]s make an appearance and help you obtain the ultimate weapon (the aptly named '''Ultima Weapon'''). Several other weapons, such as Lionheart and Save the Queen, have a Final Fantasy theme. The Final Fantasy Magic Naming System (ie. Cure, Cura, Curaga, etc.) is also in place. The names of various spells are the names of Gummi blocks, and various summons or monsters are the names of Gummi ships.

==The Keyblade==
The main weapon in ''Kingdom Hearts'', the '''Keyblade''', is wielded by Sora and is the only thing that can lock the worlds, thus preventing the Heartless from consuming the heart of a world. It is the only weapon that can destroy the Heartless completely, though because of it, the wielder, Sora, is constantly pursued by the Heartless. They are mainly drawn to Sora's heart, however, not the Keyblade.

The Keyblade is upgradable via keychains, each of which change its appearance and powers.

'''List of Keyblades'''
* Kingdom Key
* Jungle King
* Three Wishes
* Spellbinder
* Crabclaw
* Pumpkinhead
* Wishing Star
* Fairy Harp
* Olympia
* Metal Chocobo
* Lady Luck
* Divine Rose
* Lionheart
* Oathkeeper
* Oblivion
* Ultima

'''Final Mix Keyblades'''
* One-Winged Angel
* Diamond Dust

==Positive criticisms==
* ''Kingdom Hearts'' received a generally positive response from reviewers upon release. Most lauded the game's unique battle system, [[computer graphics|graphics]] (both in an artistic and a technical sense) and [[storyline]]. The game also received good notices for the [[voice actor|voice acting]] used, as it is an aspect of video games that is considered difficult to do well.

==Negative criticisms==
* ''Kingdom Hearts'' has been criticized by some fans for ruining the ''[[Final Fantasy]]'' characters placed in it. For example, several characters are made younger and do not play a major role in the story. Some of the voice actors for the more popular ''Final Fantasy'' characters (for example, [[Mandy Moore]] voicing [[Aerith]] and [[Lance Bass]] as [[Sephiroth (video game character)|Sephiroth]]) were seen as another element of error. Other criticisms include the addition of [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] characters (many ''Final Fantasy'' and RPG fans were turned-off by elements they considered to be for children), the debatably childish storyline, and awkward camera angles during battles.
* Another criticism levelled by reviewers and players alike revolves around the Gummi ship missions, with the main complaint being that they are not up to the same standard of play as the rest of game. The developers seem to have taken these comments onboard as the sequel, ''Kingdom Hearts II'' reportedly features an overhaul of this aspect of the series. [http://ps2.ign.com/articles/574/574443p1.html]
* Kairi was also wasn't very popular character among some fans.

==Trivia==
* The secret boss '''Kurt Zisa''' was named after the winner of a publicity contest held by Squaresoft to promote the game.

* In addition to '''Kurt Zisa''', other additional bosses in the game include '''Phantom''' (located in Clock Tower section of Neverland, accessible after you beat Hollow Bastion), '''Ice Titan''', and '''Sephiroth''' (both are in the Colliseum and accessible after you lock Hollow Bastion). These bosses do not need to be defeated to complete the story, but are a source of many experience points, items, and money. They are not present in the original Japanese release.

* Many of the Heartless are modeled after the Black Mages of Final Fantasy.

==Sequel==

''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'', the [[Game Boy Advance]] sequel to the original game, takes place directly after the plot of ''Kingdom Hearts'', and provides the link between ''Kingdom Hearts'' and ''Kingdom Hearts II''. It was released on [[December 7]], [[2004]].

A second [[sequel]], ''[[Kingdom Hearts II]]'' for the [[PlayStation 2]], is in the works. Its planned release dates in both [[Japan]] and the [[United States]] are confirmed to be in Q4 [[2005]]. Despite this, though, Square Enix is a bit vague on the release date, stating that it might not be out in time for Christmas of [[2005]], maybe even being released in Q1 of [[2006]].

==External Links==
* [http://www.kh2.co.uk ''Kingdom Hearts'' Ultimania]
* [http://www.kingdomhearts.com/ Official ''Kingdom Hearts'' site]
* [http://www.kingdom-hearts.com/ Official international ''Kingdom Hearts ''site]
* [http://kingdomhearts.animesp.net/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' Images]
* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0322968/ ''Kingdom Hearts''] at the [[Internet Movie Database]]
* [http://www.ansemreport.com/ Ansem Report]
* [http://www.squarehaven.com/games/ps2/kh/ ''Kingdom Hearts'' coverage @ The Square Haven]
* [http://www.rpgplanet.com/kingdomhearts/ Kingdom Key]
* [http://www.oritsuru.com/KH/ Oritsuru - Kingdom Hearts]
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| style="background:#ccf;" width="33%"| '''''None'''''
| width="33%" | '''''Kingdom Hearts'''''
| style="background:#ccf;" | '''''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories]]'''''
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[[Category:Computer and video role-playing games]]
[[Category:Final Fantasy spin-offs]]
[[Category:PlayStation 2 games]]
[[Category:Square games]]

[[it:Kingdom Hearts]]
[[ja:キングダムハーツ]]

Lauren Berlant

2005-03-07T17:10:55Z

64.12.117.8:

[[Category:Gender studies]]
'''Lauren Berlant''' is Professor of English at the [[University of Chicago]]. She writes on issues of [[popular culture]] and on the nature of [[citizenship]]. She is the author of ''The Queen of America Goes to Washington City: Essays on Sex and Citizenship'', the title essay of which won the 1993 Norman Foerster Award for best essay of the year in American Literature. She is also author of ''The Anatomy of National Fantasy: Hawthorne, Utopia, and Everyday Life" (1991). She writes on public spheres as affect worlds, where emotions take precedence over rational or deliberative thought[[Habermas]]in attaching strangers to each other and shaping the terms of the state-civil socicety relation; but part of this work is also to see sentimentality, trauma, and related public modes not as the opposite of rationality but in a line with other cultivated ways of knowing. She has pursued this line of thought and feeling as a member of [[Feel Tank Chicago]] and on the way has edited books on Compassion (2004) and Intimacy (2001), which won an award for being the best special issue among all journals in the same year from the Academy of American Publishers, and which are interlinked with her work in feminist and [[queer theory]]in essays like "Sex in Public" (''Critical Inquiry'' (1999)), ''Our Monica, Ourselves: Clinton and the Affairs of State'' (with Lisa Duggan, 2001) and ''Venus Inferred'' (with photographer Laura Letinsky, 2001).

{{bio-stub}}

Lauren Berlant

2005-03-07T03:44:09Z

64.12.117.8: