Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Brachymystax

2014-07-20T02:39:08Z

62.107.209.193: already included in wider Siberia

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Museum specimen of ''Brachymystax'' (living adults have fine dark spots, but lack obvious dark bars)
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], wider [[Siberia]] ([[Russia]]), Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-snouted and blunt-snouted forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-snouted form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref> The name ''B. savinovi'' has occasionally been used for the blunt-snouted lenok,<ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> but this is incorrect.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-snouted (''B. lenok'') or blunt-snouted (''B. tumensis'').<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Froufe2008/> Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[Ventral fin|ventrals]] are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> The blunt-snouted lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basin.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsula, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-20T00:19:45Z

62.107.209.193: /* Appearance */

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Museum specimen of ''Brachymystax'' (living adults have fine dark spots, but lack obvious dark bars)
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-snouted and blunt-snouted forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-snouted form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref> The name ''B. savinovi'' has occasionally been used for the blunt-snouted lenok,<ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> but this is incorrect.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-snouted (''B. lenok'') or blunt-snouted (''B. tumensis'').<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Froufe2008/> Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[Ventral fin|ventrals]] are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> The blunt-snouted lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basin.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsula, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-20T00:07:02Z

62.107.209.193: /* Appearance */ the fins, not just the ventral part of the body

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Museum specimen of ''Brachymystax'' (living adults have fine dark spots, but lack obvious dark bars)
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-snouted and blunt-snouted forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-snouted form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref> The name ''B. savinovi'' has occasionally been used for the blunt-snouted lenok,<ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> but this is incorrect.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-snouted (''B. lenok'') or blunt-snouted (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[Ventral fin|ventrals]] are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> The blunt-snouted lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basin.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsula, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T23:58:29Z

62.107.209.193: despite file name, likely B. tumensis

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Museum specimen of ''Brachymystax'' (living adults have fine dark spots, but lack obvious dark bars)
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-snouted and blunt-snouted forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-snouted form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref> The name ''B. savinovi'' has occasionally been used for the blunt-snouted lenok,<ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> but this is incorrect.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-snouted (''B. lenok'') or blunt-snouted (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> The blunt-snouted lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basin.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsula, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T22:27:45Z

62.107.209.193: /* Species */ + ref

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Museum specimen of ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' (living adults have fine dark spots, but lack obvious dark bars)
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-snouted and blunt-snouted forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-snouted form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref> The name ''B. savinovi'' has occasionally been used for the blunt-snouted lenok,<ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> but this is incorrect.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-snouted (''B. lenok'') or blunt-snouted (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> The blunt-snouted lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basin.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsula, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T22:25:50Z

62.107.209.193: /* Species */ correct ref (switched by mistake when I added this info in earlier edit)

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Museum specimen of ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' (living adults have fine dark spots, but lack obvious dark bars)
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-snouted and blunt-snouted forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-snouted form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref> The name ''B. savinovi'' has occasionally been used for the blunt-snouted lenok,<ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> but this is incorrect.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-snouted (''B. lenok'') or blunt-snouted (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> The blunt-snouted lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basin.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsula, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T22:22:16Z

62.107.209.193: snouted (see refs)

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Museum specimen of ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' (living adults have fine dark spots, but lack obvious dark bars)
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-snouted and blunt-snouted forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-snouted form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref> The name ''B. savinovi'' has occasionally been used for the blunt-snouted lenok,<ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> but this is incorrect.<ref name=Froufe2008/>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-snouted (''B. lenok'') or blunt-snouted (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> The blunt-snouted lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basin.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsula, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T22:15:05Z

62.107.209.193:

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Museum specimen of ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' (living adults have fine dark spots, but lack obvious dark bars)
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-nosed lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-nosed and blunt-nosed forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-nosed form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref> The name ''B. savinovi'' has occasionally been used for the blunt-nosed lenok,<ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> but this is incorrect.<ref name=Froufe2008/>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-nosed (''B. lenok'') or blunt-nosed (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> The blunt-nosed lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basin.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsula, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T22:07:59Z

62.107.209.193: /* History */

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Museum specimen of ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' (living adults have fine dark spots, but lack obvious dark bars)
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-nosed lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-nosed and blunt-nosed forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-nosed form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-nosed (''B. lenok'') or blunt-nosed (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> The blunt-nosed lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basin.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsula, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T22:07:26Z

62.107.209.193: /* Habitat, range and status */

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Museum specimen of ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' (living adults have fine dark spots, but lack obvious dark bars)
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-nosed lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-nosed and blunt-nosed forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-nosed form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-nosed (''B. lenok'') or blunt-nosed (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> The blunt-nosed lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basin.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsular, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T22:01:32Z

62.107.209.193:

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Museum specimen of ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' (living adults have fine dark spots, but lack obvious dark bars)
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-nosed lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-nosed and blunt-nosed forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-nosed form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-nosed (''B. lenok'') or blunt-nosed (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> The blunt-nosed lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basins.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsular, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T21:56:20Z

62.107.209.193: /* Habitat, range and status */ Ussuri part of Amur Basin

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]''
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-nosed lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-nosed and blunt-nosed forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-nosed form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-nosed (''B. lenok'') or blunt-nosed (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur Basin]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> The blunt-nosed lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur Basins.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsular, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T21:51:30Z

62.107.209.193: /* Habitat, range and status */ moved wiki link up to first time it word appears

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]''
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-nosed lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-nosed and blunt-nosed forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-nosed form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-nosed (''B. lenok'') or blunt-nosed (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern [[Mongolia]], locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur]] and [[Ussuri River|Ussuri Basins]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> The blunt-nosed lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern Mongolia (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur and Ussuri Basins.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsular, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T21:45:40Z

62.107.209.193: typo

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]''
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-nosed lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-nosed and blunt-nosed forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-nosed form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-nosed (''B. lenok'') or blunt-nosed (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern Mongolia, locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern China ([[Amur River|Amur]] and [[Ussuri River|Ussuri Basins]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> The blunt-nosed lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern [[Mongolia]] (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur and Ussuri Basins.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsular, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T21:34:36Z

62.107.209.193: + range

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]''
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''[http://www.biosoil.ru/files/00011638.pdf Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.]'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-nosed lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-nosed and blunt-nosed forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-nosed form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-nosed (''B. lenok'') or blunt-nosed (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat, range and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/> They are also found in lakes such as [[Lake Baikal|Baikal]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

As currently defined, the sharp-snouted lenok (''B. lenok'') is widespread in central and eastern Russia, and also found widely in northern Mongolia, locally in northeastern [[Kazakhstan]] ([[Irtysh River|Irtysh Basin]]) and northeastern Chine ([[Amur River|Amur]] and [[Ussuri River|Ussuri Basins]]).<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Ratschan2013>Ratschan, C. (2013). ''[http://www.ratschan.at/downloads/Lenok_ChasingSilver.pdf Trout's Siberian Siblings]''. Chasing Silver 1: 86-96.</ref> The blunt-nosed lenok (''B. tumensis'') is found widely in southeastern Russia and more locally in northeastern and central parts of the country, as well as northeastern [[Mongolia]] (Amur Basin), northern China and Korea.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Ratschan2013/> Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap such as the Amur and Ussuri Basins.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Froufe2008/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsular, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T20:29:40Z

62.107.209.193: not found in the Sea of Japan (only in rivers that drain into this sea; see ref -- Brachymystax are exclusively freshwater)

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]''
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to rivers and lakes in [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], and [[Korea]].<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref><ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-nosed lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-nosed and blunt-nosed forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-nosed form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-nosed (''B. lenok'') or blunt-nosed (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap.<ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Froufe2008/> They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsular, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}

Brachymystax

2014-07-19T20:27:01Z

62.107.209.193: more info, incl. taxonomy (this should also resolve the previous confusion in this article about "sharp-snouted" and "blunt-nosed" lenoks)

{{Taxobox
| name=Lenoks
| image = Brachymystax lenokBMNHM.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]''
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Miocene|Recent}}
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Salmoniformes]]
| familia = [[Salmonidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Salmoninae]]
| genus = '''''Brachymystax'''''
| genus_authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1866<ref>{{ITIS |id=623307 |taxon=''Brachymystax''}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
}}

'''Lenoks''' (otherwise known as '''Asiatic trout''' or '''Manchurian trout''')<ref name="jamescard">http://jamescard.net/flyfishing/</ref> are a [[genus]], '''''Brachymystax''''', of [[Salmonidae|salmonid]] [[fish]]es native to [[Mongolia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Siberia]], the far East of [[Russia]], Northern [[China]], the [[Sea of Japan]]<ref>http://ibss.febras.ru/files/00001742.pdf</ref> and [[Korea]].<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="Alekseev">{{cite doi|10.1134/S0032945206070022}}</ref><ref name="cherrytrout">http://www.cherrytrout.com/fish.html</ref>

==Species==
There are three species in this genus recognised by [[FishBase]]:<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase genus | genus = Brachymystax| month = July | year = 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax lenok]]'' ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1773) – sharp-snouted lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013>Kartavtseva, I.V.; Ginatulina, L.K.; Nemkova, G.A.; and Shedko, S.V. (2013). ''Chromosomal study of the lenoks, Brachymystax (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae) from the South of the Russian Far East.'' Journal of Species Research 2(1): 91-98.</ref>
* ''[[Brachymystax savinovi]]'' [[Valery Petrovich Mitrofanov|Mitrofanov]], 1959
* ''[[Brachymystax tumensis]]'' [[Tamezo Mori|T. Mori]], 1930 – blunt-nosed lenok<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/>

Traditionally, only ''B. lenok'' was recognized, including both sharp-nosed and blunt-nosed forms. Based on differences in [[Morphology (biology)|morphology]] and [[genetics]], the blunt-nosed form was split off as a separate species, ''B. tumensis''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Bo2007>Bo, M. A.; and Jiang, Zuo-fa (2007). ''Genetic diversity and relationship between two species of Brachymystax in Wusuli River revealed by microsatellites.'' Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 14: 39-45.</ref><ref>Balakirev, E.S.; Romanov, N.S.; and Ayala, F.J. (2014). ''Complete mitochondrial genome of blunt-snouted lenok Brachymystax tumensis (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae).'' Mitochondrial DNA 27: 1-2</ref><ref name=Froufe2008>Froufe, E.; Alekseyev, S.; Alexandrino, P.; and Weiss, S. (2008). ''[http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/663/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2148-8-40.pdf?auth66=1405971788_be8656ad47c7fdf3b9f87570d7956126&ext=.pdf The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia.]'' BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 40.</ref> [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybrids]] between these two are known.<ref name=Froufe2008/> The validity of the third species, ''B. savinovi'', is questionable,<ref>[[Maurice Kottelat|Kottelat, M.]] (2006). ''Fishes of Mongolia. A check-list of the fishes known to occur in Mongolia with comments on systematics and nomenclature.'' The World Bank. Washington, DC. i-xi + 1-103.</ref> and it is often considered a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] of ''B. lenok''.<ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref>Eschmeyer, W. N., editor (2014). ''[http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp Catalog of Fishes.]. Retrieved 19 July 2014.</ref>

==Appearance==
Lenoks can be sharp-nosed (''B. lenok'') or blunt-nosed (''B. tumensis''). Traditionally both these were included in ''B. lenok'', but today they are generally recognized as separate. Although the two generally are found in separate areas, there are also regions where their ranges overlap.<ref name="Alekseev"/><ref name=Bo2007/><ref name=Kartavtseva2013/><ref name=Froufe2008/> They are relatively round in shape, and speckled with dark brown spots.<ref name="jamescard"/><ref name="ibex">http://www.ibextours.com/Eng/exclusive_salmon.htm{{dead link|date=July 2014}}</ref> Their [[ventral]]s are usually colored a reddish hue, and their pectoral fins yellowish.<ref>{{cite book|title=General zoology, or Systematic natural history, Volume 5, Part 1|first=George|last=Shaw|first2=James Francis|last2=Stephens}}</ref> They weigh up to {{convert|15|kg}},<ref name="ibex"/> and can reach a length of {{convert|70|cm|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=fishbase/>

==Habitat and status==
Lenoks tend to live in rivers of any sort,<ref>http://www.gofishn.com/content/russia</ref> but usually upstream, where the water is colder.<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

Though overall widespread, lenoks in [[South Korea]] are now on the verge of extinction due to deforestation and they have also declined in China.<ref name="cherrytrout"/><ref>Yingzhe, X.; Yan, S.; and Yiyu, C. (2006). ''DNA sequence variation in the mitochondrial control region of lenok (Brachymystax lenok) populations in China.'' Chinese Biodiversity 14(1): 48-54.</ref>

==History==
In the Korean peninsular, lenoks were landlocked inland during the [[glacial epoch]].<ref name="cherrytrout"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Salmonidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Asia]]
[[Category:Brachymystax|*]]

{{Salmoniformes-stub}}