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Chelsea (Massachusetts)

2012-12-19T13:18:23Z

50.203.0.6:

{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Chelsea, Massachusetts
|nickname =
|motto =
|image_skyline = Soldiers' Monument, Chelsea, MA.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = Soldiers' Monument
|image_seal = sealofchelseama.jpg
|image_flag =
|image_map = Chelsea_ma_highlight.png
|mapsize = 250px
|map_caption = Location in Suffolk County in Massachusetts
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
|coordinates_region = US-MA
|subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_name = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Massachusetts]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Massachusetts|County]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Suffolk County, Massachusetts|Suffolk]]
|established_title = Settled
|established_date = 1624
|established_title2 = Incorporated
|established_date2 = 1739
|established_title3 =
|established_date3 =
|government_type = Council-manager government|Council- City Manager
|leader_title = City Manager
|leader_name = Jay Ash
|leader_title1 = Deputy City Manager
|leader_name1 = Ned Keefe
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 6.4
|area_total_sq_mi =
|area_land_km2 = 5.7
|area_land_sq_mi =
|area_water_km2 = 0.6
|area_water_sq_mi =
|population_as_of = 2010
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|population_total = 35,177
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_density_sq_mi =
|elevation_m = 3
|elevation_ft = 10
|timezone = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset = -5
|timezone_DST = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset_DST = -4
|coordinates_display = display=inline,title
|latd = 42 |latm = 23 |lats = 30 |latNS = N
|longd = 71 |longm = 02 |longs = 00 |longEW = W
|website = http://www.chelseama.gov/
|postal_code_type = ZIP code
|postal_code = 02150
|area_code = [[Area code 617|617]] / [[Area code 857|857]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 25-13205
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0612723
|footnotes =
}}
'''Chelsea''' is a city in [[Suffolk County, Massachusetts|Suffolk County]], [[Massachusetts]], [[United States]], directly across the [[Mystic River]] from the city of [[Boston]]. It is the smallest city in Massachusetts in land area, and the [[List of United States cities by population density|26th most densely populated incorporated place in the country]]. As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], it had a population of 35,177.<ref name="Census 2010">{{Cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov| title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Chelsea city, Massachusetts| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=July 3, 2012}}</ref>

==History==
The area was first called ''Winnisimmet'', meaning "good spring nearby", by the [[Massachusett]] tribe which once lived here. It was settled in 1624 by [[Samuel Maverick (colonist)|Samuel Maverick]], whose [[palisade]]d [[trading post]] is considered the first permanent settlement at [[Boston Harbor]]. In 1635, Maverick sold all of Winnisimmet, except for his house and farm, to [[Richard Bellingham]]. The community remained part of [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]] until it was set off and incorporated in 1739, when it was named after [[Chelsea, London|Chelsea]], a neighborhood in [[London, England|London]].

In 1775, the [[Battle of Chelsea Creek]] was fought here, the second battle of the [[American Revolution|Revolution]], at which American forces made one of their first captures of a [[British people|British]] ship. Part of [[George Washington|Washington's]] army was stationed here during the [[Siege of Boston]].

Chelsea originally included North Chelsea—all of [[Revere, Massachusetts|Revere]], [[Winthrop, Massachusetts|Winthrop]] and parts of [[Saugus, Massachusetts|Saugus]]. In 1846, North Chelsea was set off as a separate town. Reincorporated as a city in 1857, Chelsea developed as an industrial center, producing [[rubber]] and elastic goods, [[boot]]s and [[shoemaking|shoes]], [[stove]]s and [[adhesive]]s. It became home to a naval hospital (designed by [[Alexander Parris]]) and soldiers' home. But on April 12, 1908, nearly half the city was destroyed in the First Great Chelsea Fire. In 1973, the Second Great Chelsea Fire burned 18 city blocks.

[[Image:Square After Great Fire of 1908, Chelsea, MA.jpg|thumb|left|Chelsea Square looking north up Broadway after Great Fire of 1908]]
In September 1991, Massachusetts enacted special legislation to place Chelsea into receivership. Governor William Weld named James Carlin as the first receiver followed by Lewis "Harry" Spence. This was the first time since the [[Great Depression]] that a major United States municipality had such an action taken against it. Events preceding the action included failed financial intervention by the state, a political stalemate over the city's budget, deepening economic decline and a spiraling fiscal crisis. Fortunately, Chelsea had no publicly held long-term debt—thus, a solution to its problems could be explored in isolation of creditors.

A charter change in 1995 led by the receivership through a community process designed an efficient council-manager form of government, which has focused on improving the quality of service the city provides to its residents and businesses, while establishing financial policies that have significantly improved the city's financial condition. Increased emphasis on economic development and capital improvement has led to an influx of new business and homebuyers. In 1998, Chelsea was named winner of the [[All-America City Award]]. The community is home to a [[Carnegie library]] built in 1910.

===National Register listings in Chelsea===
The follows places in Chelsea are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]]:

*[[Bellingham Square Historic District]]
*[[Bellingham-Cary House]]
*[[Chelsea Garden Cemetery]]
*[[Congregation Agudath Shalom]]
*[[Downtown Chelsea Residential Historic District]]
*[[C. Henry Kimball House]]
*[[Naval Hospital Boston Historic District]]
*[[Revere Beach Parkway--Metropolitan Park System of Greater Boston]]

==Geography==
{{Expand section|date=July 2008}}
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], Chelsea has a total area of {{convert|6.4|km2|disp=flip}}, of which {{convert|5.7|km2|disp=flip}} is land and {{convert|0.6|sqkm|disp=flip}}, or 10.02%, is water.<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Chelsea city, Massachusetts| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=July 3, 2012}}</ref> Located on a [[peninsula]] in [[Boston Harbor]], Chelsea is drained by [[Chelsea Creek]] and sits on the Mystic River just north of downtown Boston.

Major features include:
* Bellingham Square, at the intersection of Broadway, Washington Avenue, Hawthorne Street, 5th Street, and Bellingham Street. It is surrounded by the [[Bellingham Square Historic District]].
* Bellingham Carey Mansion. It was headquarters for George Washington's men during the Battle of Chelsea Creek. It now resides as a monument and it and everything in it are restored and available for touring.

==Demographics==
{{USCensusPop |align=left
| 1790=472
| 1800=849
| 1810=594
| 1820=642
| 1830=771
| 1840=2390
| 1850=6701
| 1860=13395
| 1870=18547
| 1880=21782
| 1890=27909
| 1900=34072
| 1910=32452
| 1920=43184
| 1930=45816
| 1940=41259
| 1950=38912
| 1960=33749
| 1970=30625
| 1980=25431
| 1990=28710
| 2000=35080
| 2010=35177
}}
[[Image:Old Pratt House, Chelsea, MA.jpg|thumb|left|Old Pratt House in 1908]]
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 35,080 people, 11,888 households, and 7,608 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 16,036.8 people per square mile (6,184.7/km²), placing it among the highest in population density among U.S. cities.<ref>[[Demographics of the United States]]</ref> There were 12,337 housing units at an average density of 5,639.9 per square mile (2,175.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 57.95% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 48.42% [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]], 7.25% Black or [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 4.69% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.48% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.09% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 22.94% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 6.58% from two or more races.<ref>{{cite web
| title = Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000
| publisher = U.S. Census Bureau
| url = http://censtats.census.gov/data/MA/1602513205.pdf
| accessdate = 2007-09-13}}</ref>

There were 11,888 households out of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 20.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.0% were non-families. 28.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.50.

[[Image:The Fitz Public Library, Chelsea, MA.jpg|thumb|right|Fitz Public Library c. 1905]]
In the city the population was spread out with 27.3% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 34.6% from 25 to 44, 16.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,161, and the median income for a family was $32,130. Males had a median income of $27,280 versus $26,010 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,628. About 20.6% of families and 23.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 28.8% of those under age 18 and 20.9% of those age 65 or over.

==Transportation==
* [[MBTA Commuter Rail]] provides service from [[Boston]]'s [[North Station]] with the [[Chelsea (MBTA station)|Chelsea]] station on its [[Newburyport/Rockport Line]].
* [[MBTA buses in East Boston, Chelsea, and Revere|MBTA buses]] provide local service to Boston, Everett, Revere, and more.

==Education==
{{Expand section|date=July 2008}}
Schools in Chelsea include:
* [[Bunker Hill Community College]] (Chelsea Campus)<ref>[http://www.bhcc.mass.edu/inside/472 Bunker Hill Community College -- Chelsea Campus]</ref>
* Chelsea High School<ref>[http://chs.chelseaschools.com Chelsea High School]</ref>
* The [[Everest Institute]], Chelsea Campus<ref>[http://www.everest.edu/campus/chelsea Everest Institute, Chelsea Campus]</ref>
* Excel Academy Charter School<ref>[http://www.excelacademy.org Excel Academy Charter School]</ref>
* Phoenix Charter Academy<ref>[http://www.phoenixcharteracademy.org Phoenix Charter Academy]</ref>
* Eugene Wright Science and Technology Middle School
* Joseph A Browne Middle School
* Clark Middle School
* Mary C. Burke Complex
* John Silber Early Learning Center

Chelsea has four elementary schools, including one that is bilingual and two that require uniforms, three middle schools, and one high school. The Chelsea school system has historically been towards the bottom of the state's test score rankings. It's plagued by high mobility among students, meaning that a very high percentage of students move in or out over the course of the year, and the dropout rate is high. In 1988, the school board made the unprecedented move of delegating its authority for control of the school district to [[Boston University]]. In June 2008, the partnership with Boston University ended, and the schools returned to full local control. Chelsea also has only one private school, St. Rose of Lima, left as the others closed. It is located on Broadway near city hall and as of 2012, has an enrollment of about 220.

== Corporations headquartered in Chelsea ==
* [[Johnnie's Foodmaster]], [[Greater Boston]] supermarket chain. The chain permanently closed all locations recently (on November 18, 2012).

==Sites of interest==
* Apollinaire Theatre Company<ref>[http://www.apollinairetheatrecompany.com Apollinaire Theatre Company]</ref>
* Bellingham-Cary House<ref>[http://www.olgp.net/caryhouse/index.htm Bellingham-Cary House]</ref>
* Chelsea Public Library<ref>[http://www.necarnegies.com/machelsea.htm Chelsea Public Library -- a Carnegie library]</ref>
* [[Walnut Street Synagogue]]
* Chelsea Jewish Nursing Home Foundation <ref>[http://cjnh.org/home.html Chelsea Jewish Nursing Home]</ref>

==Notable residents==
*[[Andy Romero}}, musician
* [[Horatio Alger]], author
* [[Amy Beach]], composer and pianist
* [[Richard Bellingham]], governor
* [[Thomas F. Birmingham]], politician
* [[Ian Bremmer]], political scientist
* [[Alfred Winsor Brown]], naval officer and governor of Guam
* [[Chick Corea]], jazz musician
* [[Norman Cota]], general
* [[Albert DeSalvo]], the [[Boston Strangler]]
* [[Nathan Haskell Dole]], editor and author
* [[Sandy Ferguson]], boxer
* [[Joseph Gainard]], naval officer
* [[Howard R. Healy]], naval officer
* [[Brian Kelly (coach)|Brian Kelly]], Notre Dame head football coach
* [[Lewis Howard Latimer]], scientist and inventor
* [[Howie Long]], NFL Hall of Famer and FOX football analyst
* [[Hermon Atkins MacNeil]], sculptor
* [[Samuel Maverick (colonist)|Samuel Maverick]], pioneer and trader
* [[Charles E. Mitchell]], banker
* [[Joseph C. O'Mahoney]], senator
* [[Daniel Pratt (eccentric)|Daniel Pratt]], author, poet and eccentric
* [[John Ruiz]], the first Latino Heavyweight Boxing Champion, and former two-time WBA World Heavyweight boxing champion
* [[Arnold Stang]], actor
* [[Michelle Tea]], author
* [[Marvin Terban]], children's author

==References==
* [http://www.olgp.net/chs/index.htm Chelsea Historical Society]
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/public_documents/ChelseaMA_Library/Dates Important Dates in Chelsea History]
* [http://www3.gendisasters.com/massachusetts/4452/chelsea,-ma-fire,-apr-1908 Great Chelsea Fire of 1908]
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/Public_Documents/ChelseaMA_WebDocs/pubdocs Chelsea Public Documents]
* Chamberlain, Mellen, [http://books.google.com/books?id=sCQlAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''A documentary history of Chelsea: including the Boston precincts of Winnisimmet, Rumney Marsh, and Pullen Point, 1624-1824''], Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 1908.

==External links==
{{Portal|Boston}}
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/Home/ City of Chelsea official website]
*[http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/25/2513205.html U.S. Census Bureau, Quick Facts]
* [http://www.olgp.net/chs/index.htm Chelsea Historical Society]
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/public_documents/ChelseaMA_Library/index Chelsea Public Library]
* [http://www.chelseachamber.org/ Chelsea Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://www.chelseand.org/about.chelsea.php Chelsea Neighborhood Developers]
* [http://www.chelsearecord.com/ ''The Chelsea Record'' newspaper]
* [http://www.centrolatino.org/ Centro Latino de Chelsea]
* [http://www.jflyellowpages.com/ Chelsea Yellow Pages]
* [http://www.celebrateboston.com/disasters/great-chelsea-fire-1908.htm 1908 fire]
* [http://www.celebrateboston.com/disasters/great-chelsea-fire-1973.htm 1973 fire]
* [http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2008/04/10/when_chelsea_burned/?page=full Retrospective on 1908 fire] (Boston Globe)

{{Suffolk County, Massachusetts}}
{{Massachusetts}}

[[Category:Cities in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Chelsea, Massachusetts| ]]
[[Category:Populated places in Suffolk County, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1624]]

[[bg:Челси (Масачузетс)]]
[[ca:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[es:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[fa:چلسی، ماساچوست]]
[[fr:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[ilo:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[id:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[it:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[kk:Чэлси (Массачусетс)]]
[[sw:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[ht:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[nl:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[ja:チェルシー (マサチューセッツ州)]]
[[pl:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[pt:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[fi:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[vi:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[vo:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[war:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[zh:切尔西 (马萨诸塞州)]]

Chelsea (Massachusetts)

2012-12-19T13:15:58Z

50.203.0.6: /* History */

{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Chelsea, Massachusetts
|nickname =
|motto =
|image_skyline = Soldiers' Monument, Chelsea, MA.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = Soldiers' Monument
|image_seal = sealofchelseama.jpg
|image_flag =
|image_map = Chelsea_ma_highlight.png
|mapsize = 250px
|map_caption = Location in Suffolk County in Massachusetts
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
|coordinates_region = US-MA
|subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_name = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Massachusetts]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Massachusetts|County]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Suffolk County, Massachusetts|Suffolk]]
|established_title = Settled
|established_date = 1624
|established_title2 = Incorporated
|established_date2 = 1739
|established_title3 =
|established_date3 =
|government_type = Council-manager government|Council- City Manager
|leader_title = City Manager
|leader_name = Jay Ash
|leader_title1 = Deputy City Manager
|leader_name1 = Ned Keefe
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 6.4
|area_total_sq_mi =
|area_land_km2 = 5.7
|area_land_sq_mi =
|area_water_km2 = 0.6
|area_water_sq_mi =
|population_as_of = 2010
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|population_total = 35,177
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_density_sq_mi =
|elevation_m = 3
|elevation_ft = 10
|timezone = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset = -5
|timezone_DST = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset_DST = -4
|coordinates_display = display=inline,title
|latd = 42 |latm = 23 |lats = 30 |latNS = N
|longd = 71 |longm = 02 |longs = 00 |longEW = W
|website = http://www.chelseama.gov/
|postal_code_type = ZIP code
|postal_code = 02150
|area_code = [[Area code 617|617]] / [[Area code 857|857]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 25-13205
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0612723
|footnotes =
}}
'''Chelsea''' is a city in [[Suffolk County, Massachusetts|Suffolk County]], [[Massachusetts]], [[United States]], directly across the [[Mystic River]] from the city of [[Boston]]. It is the smallest city in Massachusetts in land area, and the [[List of United States cities by population density|26th most densely populated incorporated place in the country]]. As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], it had a population of 35,177.<ref name="Census 2010">{{Cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov| title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Chelsea city, Massachusetts| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=July 3, 2012}}</ref>

==History==
The area was first called ''Winnisimmet'', meaning "good spring nearby", by the [[Massachusett]] tribe which once lived here. It was settled in 1624 by [[Samuel Maverick (colonist)|Samuel Maverick]], whose [[palisade]]d [[trading post]] is considered the first permanent settlement at [[Boston Harbor]]. In 1635, Maverick sold all of Winnisimmet, except for his house and farm, to [[Richard Bellingham]]. The community remained part of [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]] until it was set off and incorporated in 1739, when it was named after [[Chelsea, London|Chelsea]], a neighborhood in [[London, England|London]].

In 1775, the [[Battle of Chelsea Creek]] was fought here, the second battle of the [[American Revolution|Revolution]], at which American forces made one of their first captures of a [[British people|British]] ship. Part of [[George Washington|Washington's]] army was stationed here during the [[Siege of Boston]].

Chelsea originally included North Chelsea—all of [[Revere, Massachusetts|Revere]], [[Winthrop, Massachusetts|Winthrop]] and parts of [[Saugus, Massachusetts|Saugus]]. In 1846, North Chelsea was set off as a separate town. Reincorporated as a city in 1857, Chelsea developed as an industrial center, producing [[rubber]] and elastic goods, [[boot]]s and [[shoemaking|shoes]], [[stove]]s and [[adhesive]]s. It became home to a naval hospital (designed by [[Alexander Parris]]) and soldiers' home. But on April 12, 1908, nearly half the city was destroyed in the First Great Chelsea Fire. In 1973, the Second Great Chelsea Fire burned 18 city blocks.

[[Image:Square After Great Fire of 1908, Chelsea, MA.jpg|thumb|left|Chelsea Square looking north up Broadway after Great Fire of 1908]]
In September 1991, Massachusetts enacted special legislation to place Chelsea into receivership. Governor William Weld named James Carlin as the first receiver followed by Lewis "Harry" Spence. This was the first time since the [[Great Depression]] that a major United States municipality had such an action taken against it. Events preceding the action included failed financial intervention by the state, a political stalemate over the city's budget, deepening economic decline and a spiraling fiscal crisis. Fortunately, Chelsea had no publicly held long-term debt—thus, a solution to its problems could be explored in isolation of creditors.

A charter change in 1995 led by the receivership through a community process designed an efficient council-manager form of government, which has focused on improving the quality of service the city provides to its residents and businesses, while establishing financial policies that have significantly improved the city's financial condition. Increased emphasis on economic development and capital improvement has led to an influx of new business and homebuyers. In 1998, Chelsea was named winner of the [[All-America City Award]]. The community is home to a [[Carnegie library]] built in 1910.

The famous Andy Romero lived here along with his partner Franklin Quintanilla.

===National Register listings in Chelsea===
The follows places in Chelsea are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]]:

*[[Bellingham Square Historic District]]
*[[Bellingham-Cary House]]
*[[Chelsea Garden Cemetery]]
*[[Congregation Agudath Shalom]]
*[[Downtown Chelsea Residential Historic District]]
*[[C. Henry Kimball House]]
*[[Naval Hospital Boston Historic District]]
*[[Revere Beach Parkway--Metropolitan Park System of Greater Boston]]

==Geography==
{{Expand section|date=July 2008}}
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], Chelsea has a total area of {{convert|6.4|km2|disp=flip}}, of which {{convert|5.7|km2|disp=flip}} is land and {{convert|0.6|sqkm|disp=flip}}, or 10.02%, is water.<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Chelsea city, Massachusetts| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=July 3, 2012}}</ref> Located on a [[peninsula]] in [[Boston Harbor]], Chelsea is drained by [[Chelsea Creek]] and sits on the Mystic River just north of downtown Boston.

Major features include:
* Bellingham Square, at the intersection of Broadway, Washington Avenue, Hawthorne Street, 5th Street, and Bellingham Street. It is surrounded by the [[Bellingham Square Historic District]].
* Bellingham Carey Mansion. It was headquarters for George Washington's men during the Battle of Chelsea Creek. It now resides as a monument and it and everything in it are restored and available for touring.

==Demographics==
{{USCensusPop |align=left
| 1790=472
| 1800=849
| 1810=594
| 1820=642
| 1830=771
| 1840=2390
| 1850=6701
| 1860=13395
| 1870=18547
| 1880=21782
| 1890=27909
| 1900=34072
| 1910=32452
| 1920=43184
| 1930=45816
| 1940=41259
| 1950=38912
| 1960=33749
| 1970=30625
| 1980=25431
| 1990=28710
| 2000=35080
| 2010=35177
}}
[[Image:Old Pratt House, Chelsea, MA.jpg|thumb|left|Old Pratt House in 1908]]
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 35,080 people, 11,888 households, and 7,608 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 16,036.8 people per square mile (6,184.7/km²), placing it among the highest in population density among U.S. cities.<ref>[[Demographics of the United States]]</ref> There were 12,337 housing units at an average density of 5,639.9 per square mile (2,175.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 57.95% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 48.42% [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]], 7.25% Black or [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 4.69% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.48% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.09% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 22.94% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 6.58% from two or more races.<ref>{{cite web
| title = Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000
| publisher = U.S. Census Bureau
| url = http://censtats.census.gov/data/MA/1602513205.pdf
| accessdate = 2007-09-13}}</ref>

There were 11,888 households out of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 20.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.0% were non-families. 28.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.50.

[[Image:The Fitz Public Library, Chelsea, MA.jpg|thumb|right|Fitz Public Library c. 1905]]
In the city the population was spread out with 27.3% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 34.6% from 25 to 44, 16.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,161, and the median income for a family was $32,130. Males had a median income of $27,280 versus $26,010 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,628. About 20.6% of families and 23.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 28.8% of those under age 18 and 20.9% of those age 65 or over.

==Transportation==
* [[MBTA Commuter Rail]] provides service from [[Boston]]'s [[North Station]] with the [[Chelsea (MBTA station)|Chelsea]] station on its [[Newburyport/Rockport Line]].
* [[MBTA buses in East Boston, Chelsea, and Revere|MBTA buses]] provide local service to Boston, Everett, Revere, and more.

==Education==
{{Expand section|date=July 2008}}
Schools in Chelsea include:
* [[Bunker Hill Community College]] (Chelsea Campus)<ref>[http://www.bhcc.mass.edu/inside/472 Bunker Hill Community College -- Chelsea Campus]</ref>
* Chelsea High School<ref>[http://chs.chelseaschools.com Chelsea High School]</ref>
* The [[Everest Institute]], Chelsea Campus<ref>[http://www.everest.edu/campus/chelsea Everest Institute, Chelsea Campus]</ref>
* Excel Academy Charter School<ref>[http://www.excelacademy.org Excel Academy Charter School]</ref>
* Phoenix Charter Academy<ref>[http://www.phoenixcharteracademy.org Phoenix Charter Academy]</ref>
* Eugene Wright Science and Technology Middle School
* Joseph A Browne Middle School
* Clark Middle School
* Mary C. Burke Complex
* John Silber Early Learning Center

Chelsea has four elementary schools, including one that is bilingual and two that require uniforms, three middle schools, and one high school. The Chelsea school system has historically been towards the bottom of the state's test score rankings. It's plagued by high mobility among students, meaning that a very high percentage of students move in or out over the course of the year, and the dropout rate is high. In 1988, the school board made the unprecedented move of delegating its authority for control of the school district to [[Boston University]]. In June 2008, the partnership with Boston University ended, and the schools returned to full local control. Chelsea also has only one private school, St. Rose of Lima, left as the others closed. It is located on Broadway near city hall and as of 2012, has an enrollment of about 220.

== Corporations headquartered in Chelsea ==
* [[Johnnie's Foodmaster]], [[Greater Boston]] supermarket chain. The chain permanently closed all locations recently (on November 18, 2012).

==Sites of interest==
* Apollinaire Theatre Company<ref>[http://www.apollinairetheatrecompany.com Apollinaire Theatre Company]</ref>
* Bellingham-Cary House<ref>[http://www.olgp.net/caryhouse/index.htm Bellingham-Cary House]</ref>
* Chelsea Public Library<ref>[http://www.necarnegies.com/machelsea.htm Chelsea Public Library -- a Carnegie library]</ref>
* [[Walnut Street Synagogue]]
* Chelsea Jewish Nursing Home Foundation <ref>[http://cjnh.org/home.html Chelsea Jewish Nursing Home]</ref>

==Notable residents==
* [[Horatio Alger]], author
* [[Amy Beach]], composer and pianist
* [[Richard Bellingham]], governor
* [[Thomas F. Birmingham]], politician
* [[Ian Bremmer]], political scientist
* [[Alfred Winsor Brown]], naval officer and governor of Guam
* [[Chick Corea]], jazz musician
* [[Norman Cota]], general
* [[Albert DeSalvo]], the [[Boston Strangler]]
* [[Nathan Haskell Dole]], editor and author
* [[Sandy Ferguson]], boxer
* [[Joseph Gainard]], naval officer
* [[Howard R. Healy]], naval officer
* [[Brian Kelly (coach)|Brian Kelly]], Notre Dame head football coach
* [[Lewis Howard Latimer]], scientist and inventor
* [[Howie Long]], NFL Hall of Famer and FOX football analyst
* [[Hermon Atkins MacNeil]], sculptor
* [[Samuel Maverick (colonist)|Samuel Maverick]], pioneer and trader
* [[Charles E. Mitchell]], banker
* [[Joseph C. O'Mahoney]], senator
* [[Daniel Pratt (eccentric)|Daniel Pratt]], author, poet and eccentric
* [[John Ruiz]], the first Latino Heavyweight Boxing Champion, and former two-time WBA World Heavyweight boxing champion
* [[Arnold Stang]], actor
* [[Michelle Tea]], author
* [[Marvin Terban]], children's author

==References==
* [http://www.olgp.net/chs/index.htm Chelsea Historical Society]
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/public_documents/ChelseaMA_Library/Dates Important Dates in Chelsea History]
* [http://www3.gendisasters.com/massachusetts/4452/chelsea,-ma-fire,-apr-1908 Great Chelsea Fire of 1908]
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/Public_Documents/ChelseaMA_WebDocs/pubdocs Chelsea Public Documents]
* Chamberlain, Mellen, [http://books.google.com/books?id=sCQlAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''A documentary history of Chelsea: including the Boston precincts of Winnisimmet, Rumney Marsh, and Pullen Point, 1624-1824''], Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 1908.

==External links==
{{Portal|Boston}}
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/Home/ City of Chelsea official website]
*[http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/25/2513205.html U.S. Census Bureau, Quick Facts]
* [http://www.olgp.net/chs/index.htm Chelsea Historical Society]
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/public_documents/ChelseaMA_Library/index Chelsea Public Library]
* [http://www.chelseachamber.org/ Chelsea Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://www.chelseand.org/about.chelsea.php Chelsea Neighborhood Developers]
* [http://www.chelsearecord.com/ ''The Chelsea Record'' newspaper]
* [http://www.centrolatino.org/ Centro Latino de Chelsea]
* [http://www.jflyellowpages.com/ Chelsea Yellow Pages]
* [http://www.celebrateboston.com/disasters/great-chelsea-fire-1908.htm 1908 fire]
* [http://www.celebrateboston.com/disasters/great-chelsea-fire-1973.htm 1973 fire]
* [http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2008/04/10/when_chelsea_burned/?page=full Retrospective on 1908 fire] (Boston Globe)

{{Suffolk County, Massachusetts}}
{{Massachusetts}}

[[Category:Cities in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Chelsea, Massachusetts| ]]
[[Category:Populated places in Suffolk County, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1624]]

[[bg:Челси (Масачузетс)]]
[[ca:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[es:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[fa:چلسی، ماساچوست]]
[[fr:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[ilo:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[id:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[it:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[kk:Чэлси (Массачусетс)]]
[[sw:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[ht:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[nl:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[ja:チェルシー (マサチューセッツ州)]]
[[pl:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[pt:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[fi:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[vi:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[vo:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[war:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[zh:切尔西 (马萨诸塞州)]]

Chelsea (Massachusetts)

2012-12-19T13:14:40Z

50.203.0.6: /* History */

{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Chelsea, Massachusetts
|nickname =
|motto =
|image_skyline = Soldiers' Monument, Chelsea, MA.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = Soldiers' Monument
|image_seal = sealofchelseama.jpg
|image_flag =
|image_map = Chelsea_ma_highlight.png
|mapsize = 250px
|map_caption = Location in Suffolk County in Massachusetts
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
|coordinates_region = US-MA
|subdivision_type = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_name = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Massachusetts]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Massachusetts|County]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Suffolk County, Massachusetts|Suffolk]]
|established_title = Settled
|established_date = 1624
|established_title2 = Incorporated
|established_date2 = 1739
|established_title3 =
|established_date3 =
|government_type = Council-manager government|Council- City Manager
|leader_title = City Manager
|leader_name = Jay Ash
|leader_title1 = Deputy City Manager
|leader_name1 = Ned Keefe
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 6.4
|area_total_sq_mi =
|area_land_km2 = 5.7
|area_land_sq_mi =
|area_water_km2 = 0.6
|area_water_sq_mi =
|population_as_of = 2010
|settlement_type = [[City]]
|population_total = 35,177
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_density_sq_mi =
|elevation_m = 3
|elevation_ft = 10
|timezone = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset = -5
|timezone_DST = [[Eastern Standard Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset_DST = -4
|coordinates_display = display=inline,title
|latd = 42 |latm = 23 |lats = 30 |latNS = N
|longd = 71 |longm = 02 |longs = 00 |longEW = W
|website = http://www.chelseama.gov/
|postal_code_type = ZIP code
|postal_code = 02150
|area_code = [[Area code 617|617]] / [[Area code 857|857]]
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info = 25-13205
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info = 0612723
|footnotes =
}}
'''Chelsea''' is a city in [[Suffolk County, Massachusetts|Suffolk County]], [[Massachusetts]], [[United States]], directly across the [[Mystic River]] from the city of [[Boston]]. It is the smallest city in Massachusetts in land area, and the [[List of United States cities by population density|26th most densely populated incorporated place in the country]]. As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], it had a population of 35,177.<ref name="Census 2010">{{Cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov| title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Chelsea city, Massachusetts| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=July 3, 2012}}</ref>

DIS PLACE SUKS

==Geography==
{{Expand section|date=July 2008}}
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], Chelsea has a total area of {{convert|6.4|km2|disp=flip}}, of which {{convert|5.7|km2|disp=flip}} is land and {{convert|0.6|sqkm|disp=flip}}, or 10.02%, is water.<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Chelsea city, Massachusetts| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=July 3, 2012}}</ref> Located on a [[peninsula]] in [[Boston Harbor]], Chelsea is drained by [[Chelsea Creek]] and sits on the Mystic River just north of downtown Boston.

Major features include:
* Bellingham Square, at the intersection of Broadway, Washington Avenue, Hawthorne Street, 5th Street, and Bellingham Street. It is surrounded by the [[Bellingham Square Historic District]].
* Bellingham Carey Mansion. It was headquarters for George Washington's men during the Battle of Chelsea Creek. It now resides as a monument and it and everything in it are restored and available for touring.

==Demographics==
{{USCensusPop |align=left
| 1790=472
| 1800=849
| 1810=594
| 1820=642
| 1830=771
| 1840=2390
| 1850=6701
| 1860=13395
| 1870=18547
| 1880=21782
| 1890=27909
| 1900=34072
| 1910=32452
| 1920=43184
| 1930=45816
| 1940=41259
| 1950=38912
| 1960=33749
| 1970=30625
| 1980=25431
| 1990=28710
| 2000=35080
| 2010=35177
}}
[[Image:Old Pratt House, Chelsea, MA.jpg|thumb|left|Old Pratt House in 1908]]
As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 35,080 people, 11,888 households, and 7,608 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 16,036.8 people per square mile (6,184.7/km²), placing it among the highest in population density among U.S. cities.<ref>[[Demographics of the United States]]</ref> There were 12,337 housing units at an average density of 5,639.9 per square mile (2,175.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 57.95% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 48.42% [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]], 7.25% Black or [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 4.69% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.48% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.09% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 22.94% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 6.58% from two or more races.<ref>{{cite web
| title = Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000
| publisher = U.S. Census Bureau
| url = http://censtats.census.gov/data/MA/1602513205.pdf
| accessdate = 2007-09-13}}</ref>

There were 11,888 households out of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 20.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.0% were non-families. 28.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.50.

[[Image:The Fitz Public Library, Chelsea, MA.jpg|thumb|right|Fitz Public Library c. 1905]]
In the city the population was spread out with 27.3% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 34.6% from 25 to 44, 16.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,161, and the median income for a family was $32,130. Males had a median income of $27,280 versus $26,010 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,628. About 20.6% of families and 23.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 28.8% of those under age 18 and 20.9% of those age 65 or over.

==Transportation==
* [[MBTA Commuter Rail]] provides service from [[Boston]]'s [[North Station]] with the [[Chelsea (MBTA station)|Chelsea]] station on its [[Newburyport/Rockport Line]].
* [[MBTA buses in East Boston, Chelsea, and Revere|MBTA buses]] provide local service to Boston, Everett, Revere, and more.

==Education==
{{Expand section|date=July 2008}}
Schools in Chelsea include:
* [[Bunker Hill Community College]] (Chelsea Campus)<ref>[http://www.bhcc.mass.edu/inside/472 Bunker Hill Community College -- Chelsea Campus]</ref>
* Chelsea High School<ref>[http://chs.chelseaschools.com Chelsea High School]</ref>
* The [[Everest Institute]], Chelsea Campus<ref>[http://www.everest.edu/campus/chelsea Everest Institute, Chelsea Campus]</ref>
* Excel Academy Charter School<ref>[http://www.excelacademy.org Excel Academy Charter School]</ref>
* Phoenix Charter Academy<ref>[http://www.phoenixcharteracademy.org Phoenix Charter Academy]</ref>
* Eugene Wright Science and Technology Middle School
* Joseph A Browne Middle School
* Clark Middle School
* Mary C. Burke Complex
* John Silber Early Learning Center

Chelsea has four elementary schools, including one that is bilingual and two that require uniforms, three middle schools, and one high school. The Chelsea school system has historically been towards the bottom of the state's test score rankings. It's plagued by high mobility among students, meaning that a very high percentage of students move in or out over the course of the year, and the dropout rate is high. In 1988, the school board made the unprecedented move of delegating its authority for control of the school district to [[Boston University]]. In June 2008, the partnership with Boston University ended, and the schools returned to full local control. Chelsea also has only one private school, St. Rose of Lima, left as the others closed. It is located on Broadway near city hall and as of 2012, has an enrollment of about 220.

== Corporations headquartered in Chelsea ==
* [[Johnnie's Foodmaster]], [[Greater Boston]] supermarket chain. The chain permanently closed all locations recently (on November 18, 2012).

==Sites of interest==
* Apollinaire Theatre Company<ref>[http://www.apollinairetheatrecompany.com Apollinaire Theatre Company]</ref>
* Bellingham-Cary House<ref>[http://www.olgp.net/caryhouse/index.htm Bellingham-Cary House]</ref>
* Chelsea Public Library<ref>[http://www.necarnegies.com/machelsea.htm Chelsea Public Library -- a Carnegie library]</ref>
* [[Walnut Street Synagogue]]
* Chelsea Jewish Nursing Home Foundation <ref>[http://cjnh.org/home.html Chelsea Jewish Nursing Home]</ref>

==Notable residents==
* [[Horatio Alger]], author
* [[Amy Beach]], composer and pianist
* [[Richard Bellingham]], governor
* [[Thomas F. Birmingham]], politician
* [[Ian Bremmer]], political scientist
* [[Alfred Winsor Brown]], naval officer and governor of Guam
* [[Chick Corea]], jazz musician
* [[Norman Cota]], general
* [[Albert DeSalvo]], the [[Boston Strangler]]
* [[Nathan Haskell Dole]], editor and author
* [[Sandy Ferguson]], boxer
* [[Joseph Gainard]], naval officer
* [[Howard R. Healy]], naval officer
* [[Brian Kelly (coach)|Brian Kelly]], Notre Dame head football coach
* [[Lewis Howard Latimer]], scientist and inventor
* [[Howie Long]], NFL Hall of Famer and FOX football analyst
* [[Hermon Atkins MacNeil]], sculptor
* [[Samuel Maverick (colonist)|Samuel Maverick]], pioneer and trader
* [[Charles E. Mitchell]], banker
* [[Joseph C. O'Mahoney]], senator
* [[Daniel Pratt (eccentric)|Daniel Pratt]], author, poet and eccentric
* [[John Ruiz]], the first Latino Heavyweight Boxing Champion, and former two-time WBA World Heavyweight boxing champion
* [[Arnold Stang]], actor
* [[Michelle Tea]], author
* [[Marvin Terban]], children's author

==References==
* [http://www.olgp.net/chs/index.htm Chelsea Historical Society]
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/public_documents/ChelseaMA_Library/Dates Important Dates in Chelsea History]
* [http://www3.gendisasters.com/massachusetts/4452/chelsea,-ma-fire,-apr-1908 Great Chelsea Fire of 1908]
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/Public_Documents/ChelseaMA_WebDocs/pubdocs Chelsea Public Documents]
* Chamberlain, Mellen, [http://books.google.com/books?id=sCQlAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover ''A documentary history of Chelsea: including the Boston precincts of Winnisimmet, Rumney Marsh, and Pullen Point, 1624-1824''], Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 1908.

==External links==
{{Portal|Boston}}
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/Home/ City of Chelsea official website]
*[http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/25/2513205.html U.S. Census Bureau, Quick Facts]
* [http://www.olgp.net/chs/index.htm Chelsea Historical Society]
* [http://www.chelseama.gov/public_documents/ChelseaMA_Library/index Chelsea Public Library]
* [http://www.chelseachamber.org/ Chelsea Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://www.chelseand.org/about.chelsea.php Chelsea Neighborhood Developers]
* [http://www.chelsearecord.com/ ''The Chelsea Record'' newspaper]
* [http://www.centrolatino.org/ Centro Latino de Chelsea]
* [http://www.jflyellowpages.com/ Chelsea Yellow Pages]
* [http://www.celebrateboston.com/disasters/great-chelsea-fire-1908.htm 1908 fire]
* [http://www.celebrateboston.com/disasters/great-chelsea-fire-1973.htm 1973 fire]
* [http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2008/04/10/when_chelsea_burned/?page=full Retrospective on 1908 fire] (Boston Globe)

{{Suffolk County, Massachusetts}}
{{Massachusetts}}

[[Category:Cities in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Chelsea, Massachusetts| ]]
[[Category:Populated places in Suffolk County, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1624]]

[[bg:Челси (Масачузетс)]]
[[ca:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[es:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[fa:چلسی، ماساچوست]]
[[fr:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[ilo:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[id:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[it:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[kk:Чэлси (Массачусетс)]]
[[sw:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[ht:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[nl:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[ja:チェルシー (マサチューセッツ州)]]
[[pl:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[pt:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[fi:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[vi:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[vo:Chelsea (Massachusetts)]]
[[war:Chelsea, Massachusetts]]
[[zh:切尔西 (马萨诸塞州)]]