Wikipedia - Benutzerbeiträge [de]

Benutzer:Shi Annan/Abu Taher

2022-04-07T02:08:43Z

43.231.20.48: Fixed typo

{{short description|Bangladeshi military officer}}
{{Other uses}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2015}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox person
|honorific_prefix = [[Bir Uttom]]
|name = Abu Taher
|image = Abu Taher.jpg
|imagesize = 110px
|native_name = আবু তাহের
|native_name_lang = bn
|birth_date = {{birth date|1938|11|14|df=yes}}
|birth_place = [[Badarpur, Assam|Badarpur]], [[Sylhet]], [[Assam]], [[British Empire|British India]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|1976|7|21|1938|11|14|df=yes}}
|death_place = [[Old Dhaka Central Jail|Dhaka Central Jail]], [[Dhaka]], Bangladesh
|death_cause = Execution by [[hanging]]
|alma_mater = [[Murari Chand College]]
|party = [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]]
|spouse = [[Lutfa Taher]]<ref>{{Cite news |script-title=bn:আজ আমি আনন্দিত, আমি গর্বিত : লুৎফা তাহের |url=https://www.banglanews24.com/national/news/bd/33653.details#1 |work=banglanews24.com |language=bn |access-date=4 January 2022}}</ref>
|children = 3
|relations = [[M. Anwar Hossain]]<ref>https://bangladeshonrecord.com/colonel-tahers-unfinished-revolution/#.Yf9n3P5ByUk</ref> (brother)
|module =
{{Infobox military person
|embed = yes
|allegiance = {{flag|Bangladesh}} {{flag|Pakistan}} (before 1971)
|branch = {{army|Pakistan}} {{nowrap| [[File:Flag of the Bangladesh Army.svg|23px|Bangladesh Army seal]] [[Bangladesh Army]]}}
|serviceyears = 1962–1971 (Pakistan) 1971-1972(Bangladesh)
|rank = [[Lieutenant Colonel]](legacy grant on humanitarian grounds)
|commands = Sub Sector commander of Mahendragonj; Interim Cdr. Sector 11
|battles = [[Bangladesh Liberation War]]
|awards = [[Bir Uttom]]<ref name="Two epoch-making verdicts"/><ref name=bpedia/> Maroon Parachute Wing
}}
}}

'''Abu Taher ''' ({{lang-bn|আবু তাহের}}) (14 November 1938 – 21 July 1976) was a Bengali [[military service]]man, who served in the Pakistan Army, and for a brief period in [[Bangladesh Forces|BDF]]. He crossed into India around early August and reported to the Indian authorities.
After a week screening at Dehradun, India, Taher reported to Kolkata, Bangladesh Provincial government at 8 Theatre Rd. He was ordered to report to Sector 11 under command of Major Ziaur Rahman. He served in [[BDF]] from end of August to 2 November 1971. He was awarded the medal [[Bir Uttom]] for his gallantry in the liberation war. He was released from military service by Indian military medical board in [[Pune]], India after his leg was amputated. After independence, he was inducted into the Bangladesh Army for administrative retirement with legacy rank of Lieutenant Colonel.
After settling in with family, the government of Bangladesh appointed him with employment at Kumilla. Later Taher turned into a radical political activist and leader of the left-wing [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]].<ref name="Two epoch-making verdicts">{{cite web|last1=Habib|first1=Haroon|title=Two epoch-making verdicts|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/two-epochmaking-verdicts/article623525.ece|work=The Hindu|access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref>

He was responsible for the [[7 November 1975 Bangladesh coup d'état|7 November coup]] which caused severe disruption in discipline and erupted chaos within the rank and structure of the military inside Dhaka Cantonment. Many killings occurred at his instigation.<ref>{{cite news |title=Zia revived Razakars: Inu|url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2013/07/20/zia-revived-razakars-inu|work=bdnews24.com|access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite book|last1=Newton|first1=Michael|title=Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia|date=17 April 2014|publisher=ABC-CLIO, LLC|location=United States of America|isbn=9781610692861|page=455}}</ref> After [[Ziaur Rahman]] was reinstated as army chief, discipline was reinstated. Many personnel including Taher was found guilty of [[high treason]] and [[murder]] and executed.<ref name=":1" /> However, in 2011, his trial was declared illegal by the high court of Bangladesh.<ref name=":2">{{cite news |last=Niloy |first=Suliman |title='Zia staged trial to kill Col Taher' |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/05/20/zia-staged-trial-to-kill-col-taher |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=":3" />

==Early life and education==
Abu Taher was born in [[Badarpur, Assam|Badarpur]], Assam Province of [[British India]] on 14 November 1938.<ref name="TWO GIANTS">{{cite news |title=Two Giants |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/two-giants/ |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=14 November 2013 |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> His ancestral village was Kazla in [[Purbadhala Upazila|Purbadhala]], [[Netrokona District]] of [[Bangladesh]]. After the completion of higher secondary school from [[Murari Chand College]] in [[Sylhet]], Taher joined the [[Pakistani Army]] in September 1960 as an officer candidate.<ref name="bpedia"/> He was married to [[Lutfa Taher]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://thedailynewnation.com/news/35784/nerakona-lutfa-taher-mp-spouse-of-sector-commander-late-col-abu-taher-and-jsd-inu-central-leader-mukllesur-rahman-muktadir-addressing-the-biennial-confeence-of-jsd-inu-netrakona-disrict-unit-at-local-public-hall-yesterday.html |title=Nerakona: Lutfa Taher MP, spouse of sector commander late Col Abu Taher and JSD (Inu) central leader Mukllesur Rahman Muktadir addressing the biennial confeence of JSD (Inu), Netrakona disrict unit at local public hall yesterday |work=The New Nation|access-date=21 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>

==Military career==
Taher received his Commission in 1962 as a second lieutenant in the Pakistan Army. He joined the elite Pakistan [[Special Services Group]] (Commando Force) in 1965.<ref name="TWO GIANTS"/> Following his training, he participated in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]] in the Sialkot sector of [[Kashmir]]. For his part, he received a war participation medal from the Pakistan Army. After the war, Taher took officers pre-qualification course on [[guerrilla warfare]] at [[Fort Benning]] in the United States in 1969. He was posted to the [[Quetta]] Staff College, [[Pakistan]] in 1970.<ref name=bpedia>{{cite book |last=Hossain |first=Md Anwar |year=2012 |chapter=Taher, Lieutenant Colonel Abu |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Taher,_Colonel_Abu |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>

===Bangladesh War of Independence===
Towards the end of August 1971, [[Captain]] Taher, along with three other Bengali officers: Capt. Patwari, Maj. Manzoor and Capt. Ziauddin defected from the Pakistani Army and crossed over the border near [[Abbottabad]], [[West Pakistan]], into India.<ref name="bpedia" /> After two weeks under Indian intelligence screening and debriefing, he was sent to [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] (BDF) HQ at 8 Theatre Road, Calcutta and subsequently posted to Sector 11. He was promoted to Major in September . Major Zia appointed Taher as Sub-Sector Commander No. 2 at Mahendraganj.<ref>{{cite news |title=Taher execution an outright murder: HC |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/col-taher-execution-an-absolute-killing-hc/ |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=20 May 2013 |access-date=20 June 2015}}</ref> Sector 11 was located across the [[Rangpur District]], which comprised [[Mymensingh District]], [[Tangail District]] and parts of the [[Rangpur District]]. On October 10, upon Major Zia's temporary transfer to the Sylhet sector, Major Shafayat Jamil handed over the interim command of the sector to BDF. Sector 11. On 2 November 1971, Taher lost his leg from a small mine blast during a debriefing.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kamalpur, Phulbari tasted freedom on this day in '71 |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/kamalpur-phulbari-tasted-freedom-on-this-day-in-71-53244 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=8 March 2015 |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> Squadron Leader [[M. Hamidullah Khan]] was officially appointed Sector Commander of Sector 11 under direct orders through [[Emergency Action Message|EAM]] from Colonel Osmani, Bangladesh Interim Provincial Government Headquarters. Taher was flown to [[Pune]], India. On 21 November Taher received a Medical Board Release. His leg was later amputated there, where he remained until February 1972. For his valour, he was awarded [[Bir Uttom]].

==Post-war activities==
Following his return, Taher was reinstated into the [[Bangladesh Army]] in April for effective retirement following administrative procedure. He was retired with a legacy entitlement rank of Lieutenant Colonel and hence is widely known as Colonel Taher.<ref name="bpedia" />

===Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal===
Due to his left-leaning communist ideas of governance he joined the [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]].<ref name="history1">{{cite web
|url=http://www.jsdbd.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=3
|title=History of Jatiya Samajtantric Dal
|publisher=Dhaka Informatix
|access-date=2 December 2009
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726211400/http://www.jsdbd.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=3
|archive-date=26 July 2011
}}</ref>

The [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]] had split from the [[Bangladesh Chhatra League]], the student wing of the [[Bangladesh Awami League]] and called for establishing [[socialism]] through an armed revolution. Taher became the head of its armed wing, the [[Gonobahini]] and led a violent insurgency campaign against the government of [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hossain|first1=Kazi Mobarak|title=Hasanul Haq Inu's JaSoD splits as he names Shirin general secretary|url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/03/12/hasanul-haq-inus-jasod-splits-as-he-names-shirin-general-secretary |work=bdnews24.com |date=13 March 2016 |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref>

===7 November coup===
Abu Taher welcomed the [[assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] on 15 August 1975, remarking, <blockquote>They've made a big mistake. They shouldn't have allowed Sheikh Mujib's burial. Now a shrine will be built there. His body should have been thrown into the [[Bay of Bengal]].</blockquote><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite news |title=Who Said What After August 1 5|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/who-said-what-after-august-15-37449 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=17 August 2014 |access-date=16 July 2016}}</ref>

Taher quickly took advantage of the chaos following the assassination, exacerbating dissent among ranking [[non-commissioned officer]]s and regular soldiers.<ref name=history1 /> Taher incited and organized an uprising of the soldiers on 7 November 1975. Together with [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]] leader [[Hasanul Haq Inu]], soldiers loyal to him tried to takeover Bangladesh Radio and also to remove [[Ziaur Rahman]] from cantonment, in order to facilitate a [[Marxist]] takeover of power.<ref>{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Afsan |date=8 November 2010 |title=What really happened in 1975? |url=http://opinion.bdnews24.com/2010/11/08/what-really-happened-in-1975/ |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref>

Some revenge killings took place of a number of military officers and their wives due to incidents dating back to injustices that occurred during the independence war in 1971.<ref name=":4" /> Acts of treason and clear serious breaches of military discipline and morale followed.<ref name=":1" /> As chief of Staff, Major General Ziaur Rahman, worked to bring down the acts of treason and mutiny, after his release.<ref name=":1">{{cite news |last=Ahsan |first=Syed Badrul |date=7 July 2015 |title=Bourgeois dreams of socialist revolution |url=http://www.observerbd.com/2015/07/07/98425.php |newspaper=The Daily Observer |access-date=16 July 2016}}</ref>

==Trial and execution==
Once Ziaur Rahman regained control of the army, he realized that the soldiers' mutiny had to be suppressed if discipline was to be restored.<ref name=":1" /> On 24 November 1975, he ordered Taher arrested on charges of [[high treason]] and [[murder]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news |last=Hossain |first=Kazi Mobarak |date=13 March 2016 |title=Hasanul Haq Inu's JaSoD splits as he names Shirin general secretary |url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/03/12/hasanul-haq-inus-jasod-splits-as-he-names-shirin-general-secretary |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref> Taher was tried by a military tribunal inside the [[Dhaka Central Jail]] and sentenced to death on 17 July 1976. He was executed by hanging on 21 July 1976.<ref name="The Daily Star">{{cite news |last=Manik |first=Julfikar Ali |date=25 August 2010 |title=5th amendment verdict paves way for justice |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=152188 |newspaper=The Daily Star |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> The trial was later considered flawed.<ref name="The Daily Star"/><ref>{{cite book |last=Katsiaficas |first=George |date=2013 |title=Asia's unknown uprisings |location=Oakland, Calif. |publisher=PM |page=270 |isbn=978-1-60486-488-5}}</ref>

==High Court ruling==
On 22 March 2011, the High Court overturned the previous judgement that authorised Taher's execution by a military tribunal while the nation was under martial law. The military court judgement was declared illegal.<ref name=":3">[http://bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=2&id=190563&hb=2 "HC declares Taher trial illegal"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930084753/http://bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=2&id=190563&hb=2 |date=30 September 2011 }} bdnews24.com</ref> The court observed Taher's execution had happened according to [[Ziaur Rahman|Major General Zia]]'s plan.<ref name=":2">{{cite news |last=Niloy |first=Suliman |title='Zia staged trial to kill Col Taher' |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/05/20/zia-staged-trial-to-kill-col-taher |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bangladesh Forces]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.col-taher.org Website commemorating Col. Taher]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Taher, Abu}}
[[Category:1938 births]]
[[Category:1976 deaths]]
[[Category:Bangladesh Army colonels]]
[[Category:Executed activists]]
[[Category:People of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
[[Category:People from Netrokona District]]
[[Category:People executed for treason against Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Executed Bangladeshi people]]
[[Category:20th-century executions for treason]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Bir Uttom]]
[[Category:People executed by Bangladesh by hanging]]
[[Category:Mukti Bahini personnel]]
[[Category:Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Murari Chand College alumni]]
[[Category:People from Karimganj district]]

Benutzer:Shi Annan/Abu Taher

2022-04-07T01:59:22Z

43.231.20.48: /* Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal */

{{short description|Bangladeshi military officer}}
{{Other uses}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2015}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox person
|honorific_prefix = [[Bir Uttom]]
|name = Abu Taher
|image = Abu Taher.jpg
|imagesize = 110px
|native_name = আবু তাহের
|native_name_lang = bn
|birth_date = {{birth date|1938|11|14|df=yes}}
|birth_place = [[Badarpur, Assam|Badarpur]], [[Sylhet]], [[Assam]], [[British Empire|British India]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|1976|7|21|1938|11|14|df=yes}}
|death_place = [[Old Dhaka Central Jail|Dhaka Central Jail]], [[Dhaka]], Bangladesh
|death_cause = Execution by [[hanging]]
|alma_mater = [[Murari Chand College]]
|party = [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]]
|spouse = [[Lutfa Taher]]<ref>{{Cite news |script-title=bn:আজ আমি আনন্দিত, আমি গর্বিত : লুৎফা তাহের |url=https://www.banglanews24.com/national/news/bd/33653.details#1 |work=banglanews24.com |language=bn |access-date=4 January 2022}}</ref>
|children = 3
|relations = [[M. Anwar Hossain]]<ref>https://bangladeshonrecord.com/colonel-tahers-unfinished-revolution/#.Yf9n3P5ByUk</ref> (brother)
|module =
{{Infobox military person
|embed = yes
|allegiance = {{flag|Bangladesh}} {{flag|Pakistan}} (before 1971)
|branch = {{army|Pakistan}} {{nowrap| [[File:Flag of the Bangladesh Army.svg|23px|Bangladesh Army seal]] [[Bangladesh Army]]}}
|serviceyears = 1962–1971 (Pakistan) 1971-1972(Bangladesh)
|rank = [[Lieutenant Colonel]]
|commands = Sector commander of Sector 11
|battles = [[Bangladesh Liberation War]]
|awards = [[Bir Uttom]]<ref name="Two epoch-making verdicts"/><ref name=bpedia/> Maroon Parachute Wing
}}
}}

'''Abu Taher ''' ({{lang-bn|আবু তাহের}}) (14 November 1938 – 21 July 1976) was a Bengali [[military service]]man, who served in the Pakistan Army, and for a brief period in [[Bangladesh Forces|BDF]]. He crossed into India around early August and reported to the Indian authorities.
After a week screening at Dehradun, India, Taher reported to Kolkata, Bangladesh Provincial government at 8 Theatre Rd. He was ordered to report to Sector 11 under command of Major Ziaur Rahman. He served in [[BDF]] from end of August to 2 November 1971. He was awarded the medal [[Bir Uttom]] for his gallantry in the liberation war. He was released from military service by Indian military medical board in [[Pune]], India after his leg was amputated. After independence, he was inducted into the Bangladesh Army for administrative retirement with legacy rank of Lieutenant Colonel.
After settling in with family, the government of Bangladesh appointed him with employment at Kumilla. Later Taher turned into a radical political activist and leader of the left-wing [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]].<ref name="Two epoch-making verdicts">{{cite web|last1=Habib|first1=Haroon|title=Two epoch-making verdicts|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/two-epochmaking-verdicts/article623525.ece|work=The Hindu|access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref>

He was responsible for the [[7 November 1975 Bangladesh coup d'état|7 November coup]] which caused severe disruption in discipline and erupted chaos within the rank and structure of the military inside Dhaka Cantonment. Many killings occurred at his instigation.<ref>{{cite news |title=Zia revived Razakars: Inu|url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2013/07/20/zia-revived-razakars-inu|work=bdnews24.com|access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite book|last1=Newton|first1=Michael|title=Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia|date=17 April 2014|publisher=ABC-CLIO, LLC|location=United States of America|isbn=9781610692861|page=455}}</ref> After [[Ziaur Rahman]] was reinstated as army chief, discipline was reinstated. Many personnel including Taher was found guilty of [[high treason]] and [[murder]] and executed.<ref name=":1" /> However, in 2011, his trial was declared illegal by the high court of Bangladesh.<ref name=":2">{{cite news |last=Niloy |first=Suliman |title='Zia staged trial to kill Col Taher' |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/05/20/zia-staged-trial-to-kill-col-taher |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=":3" />

==Early life and education==
Abu Taher was born in [[Badarpur, Assam|Badarpur]], Assam Province of [[British India]] on 14 November 1938.<ref name="TWO GIANTS">{{cite news |title=Two Giants |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/two-giants/ |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=14 November 2013 |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> His ancestral village was Kazla in [[Purbadhala Upazila|Purbadhala]], [[Netrokona District]] of [[Bangladesh]]. After the completion of higher secondary school from [[Murari Chand College]] in [[Sylhet]], Taher joined the [[Pakistani Army]] in September 1960 as an officer candidate.<ref name="bpedia"/> He was married to [[Lutfa Taher]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://thedailynewnation.com/news/35784/nerakona-lutfa-taher-mp-spouse-of-sector-commander-late-col-abu-taher-and-jsd-inu-central-leader-mukllesur-rahman-muktadir-addressing-the-biennial-confeence-of-jsd-inu-netrakona-disrict-unit-at-local-public-hall-yesterday.html |title=Nerakona: Lutfa Taher MP, spouse of sector commander late Col Abu Taher and JSD (Inu) central leader Mukllesur Rahman Muktadir addressing the biennial confeence of JSD (Inu), Netrakona disrict unit at local public hall yesterday |work=The New Nation|access-date=21 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>

==Military career==
Taher received his Commission in 1962 as a second lieutenant in the Pakistan Army. He joined the elite Pakistan [[Special Services Group]] (Commando Force) in 1965.<ref name="TWO GIANTS"/> Following his training, he participated in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]] in the Sialkot sector of [[Kashmir]]. For his part, he received a war participation medal from the Pakistan Army. After the war, Taher took officers pre-qualification course on [[guerrilla warfare]] at [[Fort Benning]] in the United States in 1969. He was posted to the [[Quetta]] Staff College, [[Pakistan]] in 1970.<ref name=bpedia>{{cite book |last=Hossain |first=Md Anwar |year=2012 |chapter=Taher, Lieutenant Colonel Abu |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Taher,_Colonel_Abu |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>

===Bangladesh War of Independence===
Towards the end of August 1971, [[Captain]] Taher, along with three other Bengali officers: Capt. Patwari, Maj. Manzoor and Capt. Ziauddin defected from the Pakistani Army and crossed over the border near [[Abbottabad]], [[West Pakistan]], into India.<ref name="bpedia" /> After two weeks under Indian intelligence screening and debriefing, he was sent to [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] (BDF) HQ at 8 Theatre Road, Calcutta and subsequently posted to Sector 11. He was promoted to Major in September . Major Zia appointed Taher as Sub-Sector Commander No. 2 at Mahendraganj.<ref>{{cite news |title=Taher execution an outright murder: HC |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/col-taher-execution-an-absolute-killing-hc/ |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=20 May 2013 |access-date=20 June 2015}}</ref> Sector 11 was located across the [[Rangpur District]], which comprised [[Mymensingh District]], [[Tangail District]] and parts of the [[Rangpur District]]. On October 10, upon Major Zia's temporary transfer to the Sylhet sector, Major Shafayat Jamil handed over the interim command of the sector to BDF. Sector 11. On 2 November 1971, Taher lost his leg from a small mine blast during a debriefing.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kamalpur, Phulbari tasted freedom on this day in '71 |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/kamalpur-phulbari-tasted-freedom-on-this-day-in-71-53244 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=8 March 2015 |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> Squadron Leader [[M. Hamidullah Khan]] was officially appointed Sector Commander of Sector 11 under direct orders through [[Emergency Action Message|EAM]] from Colonel Osmani, Bangladesh Interim Provincial Government Headquarters. Taher was flown to [[Pune]], India. On 21 November Taher received a Medical Board Release. His leg was later amputated there, where he remained until February 1972. For his valour, he was awarded [[Bir Uttom]].

==Post-war activities==
Following his return, Taher was reinstated into the [[Bangladesh Army]] in April for effective retirement following administrative procedure. He was retired with a legacy entitlement rank of Lieutenant Colonel and hence is widely known as Colonel Taher.<ref name="bpedia" />

===Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal===
Due to his left-leaning communist ideas of governance he joined the [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]].<ref name="history1">{{cite web
|url=http://www.jsdbd.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=3
|title=History of Jatiya Samajtantric Dal
|publisher=Dhaka Informatix
|access-date=2 December 2009
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726211400/http://www.jsdbd.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=3
|archive-date=26 July 2011
}}</ref>

The [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]] had split from the [[Bangladesh Chhatra League]], the student wing of the [[Bangladesh Awami League]] and called for establishing [[socialism]] through an armed revolution. Taher became the head of its armed wing, the [[Gonobahini]] and led a violent insurgency campaign against the government of [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hossain|first1=Kazi Mobarak|title=Hasanul Haq Inu's JaSoD splits as he names Shirin general secretary|url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/03/12/hasanul-haq-inus-jasod-splits-as-he-names-shirin-general-secretary |work=bdnews24.com |date=13 March 2016 |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref>

===7 November coup===
Abu Taher welcomed the [[assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] on 15 August 1975, remarking, <blockquote>They've made a big mistake. They shouldn't have allowed Sheikh Mujib's burial. Now a shrine will be built there. His body should have been thrown into the [[Bay of Bengal]].</blockquote><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite news |title=Who Said What After August 1 5|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/who-said-what-after-august-15-37449 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=17 August 2014 |access-date=16 July 2016}}</ref>

Taher quickly took advantage of the chaos following the assassination, exacerbating dissent among ranking [[non-commissioned officer]]s and regular soldiers.<ref name=history1 /> Taher incited and organized an uprising of the soldiers on 7 November 1975. Together with [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]] leader [[Hasanul Haq Inu]], soldiers loyal to him tried to takeover Bangladesh Radio and also to remove [[Ziaur Rahman]] from cantonment, in order to facilitate a [[Marxist]] takeover of power.<ref>{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Afsan |date=8 November 2010 |title=What really happened in 1975? |url=http://opinion.bdnews24.com/2010/11/08/what-really-happened-in-1975/ |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref>

Some revenge killings took place of a number of military officers and their wives due to incidents dating back to injustices that occurred during the independence war in 1971.<ref name=":4" /> Acts of treason and clear serious breaches of military discipline and morale followed.<ref name=":1" /> As chief of Staff, Major General Ziaur Rahman, worked to bring down the acts of treason and mutiny, after his release.<ref name=":1">{{cite news |last=Ahsan |first=Syed Badrul |date=7 July 2015 |title=Bourgeois dreams of socialist revolution |url=http://www.observerbd.com/2015/07/07/98425.php |newspaper=The Daily Observer |access-date=16 July 2016}}</ref>

==Trial and execution==
Once Ziaur Rahman regained control of the army, he realized that the soldiers' mutiny had to be suppressed if discipline was to be restored.<ref name=":1" /> On 24 November 1975, he ordered Taher arrested on charges of [[high treason]] and [[murder]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news |last=Hossain |first=Kazi Mobarak |date=13 March 2016 |title=Hasanul Haq Inu's JaSoD splits as he names Shirin general secretary |url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/03/12/hasanul-haq-inus-jasod-splits-as-he-names-shirin-general-secretary |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref> Taher was tried by a military tribunal inside the [[Dhaka Central Jail]] and sentenced to death on 17 July 1976. He was executed by hanging on 21 July 1976.<ref name="The Daily Star">{{cite news |last=Manik |first=Julfikar Ali |date=25 August 2010 |title=5th amendment verdict paves way for justice |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=152188 |newspaper=The Daily Star |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> The trial was later considered flawed.<ref name="The Daily Star"/><ref>{{cite book |last=Katsiaficas |first=George |date=2013 |title=Asia's unknown uprisings |location=Oakland, Calif. |publisher=PM |page=270 |isbn=978-1-60486-488-5}}</ref>

==High Court ruling==
On 22 March 2011, the High Court overturned the previous judgement that authorised Taher's execution by a military tribunal while the nation was under martial law. The military court judgement was declared illegal.<ref name=":3">[http://bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=2&id=190563&hb=2 "HC declares Taher trial illegal"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930084753/http://bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=2&id=190563&hb=2 |date=30 September 2011 }} bdnews24.com</ref> The court observed Taher's execution had happened according to [[Ziaur Rahman|Major General Zia]]'s plan.<ref name=":2">{{cite news |last=Niloy |first=Suliman |title='Zia staged trial to kill Col Taher' |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/05/20/zia-staged-trial-to-kill-col-taher |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bangladesh Forces]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.col-taher.org Website commemorating Col. Taher]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Taher, Abu}}
[[Category:1938 births]]
[[Category:1976 deaths]]
[[Category:Bangladesh Army colonels]]
[[Category:Executed activists]]
[[Category:People of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
[[Category:People from Netrokona District]]
[[Category:People executed for treason against Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Executed Bangladeshi people]]
[[Category:20th-century executions for treason]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Bir Uttom]]
[[Category:People executed by Bangladesh by hanging]]
[[Category:Mukti Bahini personnel]]
[[Category:Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Murari Chand College alumni]]
[[Category:People from Karimganj district]]

Benutzer:Shi Annan/Abu Taher

2022-04-07T01:55:58Z

43.231.20.48:

{{short description|Bangladeshi military officer}}
{{Other uses}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2015}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox person
|honorific_prefix = [[Bir Uttom]]
|name = Abu Taher
|image = Abu Taher.jpg
|imagesize = 110px
|native_name = আবু তাহের
|native_name_lang = bn
|birth_date = {{birth date|1938|11|14|df=yes}}
|birth_place = [[Badarpur, Assam|Badarpur]], [[Sylhet]], [[Assam]], [[British Empire|British India]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|1976|7|21|1938|11|14|df=yes}}
|death_place = [[Old Dhaka Central Jail|Dhaka Central Jail]], [[Dhaka]], Bangladesh
|death_cause = Execution by [[hanging]]
|alma_mater = [[Murari Chand College]]
|party = [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]]
|spouse = [[Lutfa Taher]]<ref>{{Cite news |script-title=bn:আজ আমি আনন্দিত, আমি গর্বিত : লুৎফা তাহের |url=https://www.banglanews24.com/national/news/bd/33653.details#1 |work=banglanews24.com |language=bn |access-date=4 January 2022}}</ref>
|children = 3
|relations = [[M. Anwar Hossain]]<ref>https://bangladeshonrecord.com/colonel-tahers-unfinished-revolution/#.Yf9n3P5ByUk</ref> (brother)
|module =
{{Infobox military person
|embed = yes
|allegiance = {{flag|Bangladesh}} {{flag|Pakistan}} (before 1971)
|branch = {{army|Pakistan}} {{nowrap| [[File:Flag of the Bangladesh Army.svg|23px|Bangladesh Army seal]] [[Bangladesh Army]]}}
|serviceyears = 1962–1971 (Pakistan) 1971-1972(Bangladesh)
|rank = [[Lieutenant Colonel]]
|commands = Sector commander of Sector 11
|battles = [[Bangladesh Liberation War]]
|awards = [[Bir Uttom]]<ref name="Two epoch-making verdicts"/><ref name=bpedia/> Maroon Parachute Wing
}}
}}

'''Abu Taher ''' ({{lang-bn|আবু তাহের}}) (14 November 1938 – 21 July 1976) was a Bengali [[military service]]man, who served in the Pakistan Army, and for a brief period in [[Bangladesh Forces|BDF]]. He crossed into India around early August and reported to the Indian authorities.
After a week screening at Dehradun, India, Taher reported to Kolkata, Bangladesh Provincial government at 8 Theatre Rd. He was ordered to report to Sector 11 under command of Major Ziaur Rahman. He served in [[BDF]] from end of August to 2 November 1971. He was awarded the medal [[Bir Uttom]] for his gallantry in the liberation war. He was released from military service by Indian military medical board in [[Pune]], India after his leg was amputated. After independence, he was inducted into the Bangladesh Army for administrative retirement with legacy rank of Lieutenant Colonel.
After settling in with family, the government of Bangladesh appointed him with employment at Kumilla. Later Taher turned into a radical political activist and leader of the left-wing [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]].<ref name="Two epoch-making verdicts">{{cite web|last1=Habib|first1=Haroon|title=Two epoch-making verdicts|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/two-epochmaking-verdicts/article623525.ece|work=The Hindu|access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref>

He was responsible for the [[7 November 1975 Bangladesh coup d'état|7 November coup]] which caused severe disruption in discipline and erupted chaos within the rank and structure of the military inside Dhaka Cantonment. Many killings occurred at his instigation.<ref>{{cite news |title=Zia revived Razakars: Inu|url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2013/07/20/zia-revived-razakars-inu|work=bdnews24.com|access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite book|last1=Newton|first1=Michael|title=Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia|date=17 April 2014|publisher=ABC-CLIO, LLC|location=United States of America|isbn=9781610692861|page=455}}</ref> After [[Ziaur Rahman]] was reinstated as army chief, discipline was reinstated. Many personnel including Taher was found guilty of [[high treason]] and [[murder]] and executed.<ref name=":1" /> However, in 2011, his trial was declared illegal by the high court of Bangladesh.<ref name=":2">{{cite news |last=Niloy |first=Suliman |title='Zia staged trial to kill Col Taher' |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/05/20/zia-staged-trial-to-kill-col-taher |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=":3" />

==Early life and education==
Abu Taher was born in [[Badarpur, Assam|Badarpur]], Assam Province of [[British India]] on 14 November 1938.<ref name="TWO GIANTS">{{cite news |title=Two Giants |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/two-giants/ |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=14 November 2013 |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> His ancestral village was Kazla in [[Purbadhala Upazila|Purbadhala]], [[Netrokona District]] of [[Bangladesh]]. After the completion of higher secondary school from [[Murari Chand College]] in [[Sylhet]], Taher joined the [[Pakistani Army]] in September 1960 as an officer candidate.<ref name="bpedia"/> He was married to [[Lutfa Taher]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://thedailynewnation.com/news/35784/nerakona-lutfa-taher-mp-spouse-of-sector-commander-late-col-abu-taher-and-jsd-inu-central-leader-mukllesur-rahman-muktadir-addressing-the-biennial-confeence-of-jsd-inu-netrakona-disrict-unit-at-local-public-hall-yesterday.html |title=Nerakona: Lutfa Taher MP, spouse of sector commander late Col Abu Taher and JSD (Inu) central leader Mukllesur Rahman Muktadir addressing the biennial confeence of JSD (Inu), Netrakona disrict unit at local public hall yesterday |work=The New Nation|access-date=21 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>

==Military career==
Taher received his Commission in 1962 as a second lieutenant in the Pakistan Army. He joined the elite Pakistan [[Special Services Group]] (Commando Force) in 1965.<ref name="TWO GIANTS"/> Following his training, he participated in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]] in the Sialkot sector of [[Kashmir]]. For his part, he received a war participation medal from the Pakistan Army. After the war, Taher took officers pre-qualification course on [[guerrilla warfare]] at [[Fort Benning]] in the United States in 1969. He was posted to the [[Quetta]] Staff College, [[Pakistan]] in 1970.<ref name=bpedia>{{cite book |last=Hossain |first=Md Anwar |year=2012 |chapter=Taher, Lieutenant Colonel Abu |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Taher,_Colonel_Abu |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>

===Bangladesh War of Independence===
Towards the end of August 1971, [[Captain]] Taher, along with three other Bengali officers: Capt. Patwari, Maj. Manzoor and Capt. Ziauddin defected from the Pakistani Army and crossed over the border near [[Abbottabad]], [[West Pakistan]], into India.<ref name="bpedia" /> After two weeks under Indian intelligence screening and debriefing, he was sent to [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] (BDF) HQ at 8 Theatre Road, Calcutta and subsequently posted to Sector 11. He was promoted to Major in September . Major Zia appointed Taher as Sub-Sector Commander No. 2 at Mahendraganj.<ref>{{cite news |title=Taher execution an outright murder: HC |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/col-taher-execution-an-absolute-killing-hc/ |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=20 May 2013 |access-date=20 June 2015}}</ref> Sector 11 was located across the [[Rangpur District]], which comprised [[Mymensingh District]], [[Tangail District]] and parts of the [[Rangpur District]]. On October 10, upon Major Zia's temporary transfer to the Sylhet sector, Major Shafayat Jamil handed over the interim command of the sector to BDF. Sector 11. On 2 November 1971, Taher lost his leg from a small mine blast during a debriefing.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kamalpur, Phulbari tasted freedom on this day in '71 |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/kamalpur-phulbari-tasted-freedom-on-this-day-in-71-53244 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=8 March 2015 |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> Squadron Leader [[M. Hamidullah Khan]] was officially appointed Sector Commander of Sector 11 under direct orders through [[Emergency Action Message|EAM]] from Colonel Osmani, Bangladesh Interim Provincial Government Headquarters. Taher was flown to [[Pune]], India. On 21 November Taher received a Medical Board Release. His leg was later amputated there, where he remained until February 1972. For his valour, he was awarded [[Bir Uttom]].

==Post-war activities==
Following his return, Taher was reinstated into the [[Bangladesh Army]] in April for effective retirement following administrative procedure. He was retired with a legacy entitlement rank of Lieutenant Colonel and hence is widely known as Colonel Taher.<ref name="bpedia" />

===Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal===
Due to his left-leaning communist ideas of organizing the Bangladesh Army along the lines of the [[People's Liberation Army]], he resigned from the army to form the [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]].<ref name="history1">{{cite web
|url=http://www.jsdbd.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=3
|title=History of Jatiya Samajtantric Dal
|publisher=Dhaka Informatix
|access-date=2 December 2009
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726211400/http://www.jsdbd.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=3
|archive-date=26 July 2011
}}</ref>

The [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]] had split from the [[Bangladesh Chhatra League]], the student wing of the [[Bangladesh Awami League]] and called for establishing [[socialism]] through an armed revolution. Taher became the head of its armed wing, the [[Gonobahini]] and led a violent insurgency campaign against the government of [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hossain|first1=Kazi Mobarak|title=Hasanul Haq Inu's JaSoD splits as he names Shirin general secretary|url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/03/12/hasanul-haq-inus-jasod-splits-as-he-names-shirin-general-secretary |work=bdnews24.com |date=13 March 2016 |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref>

===7 November coup===
Abu Taher welcomed the [[assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] on 15 August 1975, remarking, <blockquote>They've made a big mistake. They shouldn't have allowed Sheikh Mujib's burial. Now a shrine will be built there. His body should have been thrown into the [[Bay of Bengal]].</blockquote><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite news |title=Who Said What After August 1 5|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/who-said-what-after-august-15-37449 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=17 August 2014 |access-date=16 July 2016}}</ref>

Taher quickly took advantage of the chaos following the assassination, exacerbating dissent among ranking [[non-commissioned officer]]s and regular soldiers.<ref name=history1 /> Taher incited and organized an uprising of the soldiers on 7 November 1975. Together with [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]] leader [[Hasanul Haq Inu]], soldiers loyal to him tried to takeover Bangladesh Radio and also to remove [[Ziaur Rahman]] from cantonment, in order to facilitate a [[Marxist]] takeover of power.<ref>{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Afsan |date=8 November 2010 |title=What really happened in 1975? |url=http://opinion.bdnews24.com/2010/11/08/what-really-happened-in-1975/ |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref>

Some revenge killings took place of a number of military officers and their wives due to incidents dating back to injustices that occurred during the independence war in 1971.<ref name=":4" /> Acts of treason and clear serious breaches of military discipline and morale followed.<ref name=":1" /> As chief of Staff, Major General Ziaur Rahman, worked to bring down the acts of treason and mutiny, after his release.<ref name=":1">{{cite news |last=Ahsan |first=Syed Badrul |date=7 July 2015 |title=Bourgeois dreams of socialist revolution |url=http://www.observerbd.com/2015/07/07/98425.php |newspaper=The Daily Observer |access-date=16 July 2016}}</ref>

==Trial and execution==
Once Ziaur Rahman regained control of the army, he realized that the soldiers' mutiny had to be suppressed if discipline was to be restored.<ref name=":1" /> On 24 November 1975, he ordered Taher arrested on charges of [[high treason]] and [[murder]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news |last=Hossain |first=Kazi Mobarak |date=13 March 2016 |title=Hasanul Haq Inu's JaSoD splits as he names Shirin general secretary |url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/03/12/hasanul-haq-inus-jasod-splits-as-he-names-shirin-general-secretary |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref> Taher was tried by a military tribunal inside the [[Dhaka Central Jail]] and sentenced to death on 17 July 1976. He was executed by hanging on 21 July 1976.<ref name="The Daily Star">{{cite news |last=Manik |first=Julfikar Ali |date=25 August 2010 |title=5th amendment verdict paves way for justice |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=152188 |newspaper=The Daily Star |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> The trial was later considered flawed.<ref name="The Daily Star"/><ref>{{cite book |last=Katsiaficas |first=George |date=2013 |title=Asia's unknown uprisings |location=Oakland, Calif. |publisher=PM |page=270 |isbn=978-1-60486-488-5}}</ref>

==High Court ruling==
On 22 March 2011, the High Court overturned the previous judgement that authorised Taher's execution by a military tribunal while the nation was under martial law. The military court judgement was declared illegal.<ref name=":3">[http://bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=2&id=190563&hb=2 "HC declares Taher trial illegal"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930084753/http://bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=2&id=190563&hb=2 |date=30 September 2011 }} bdnews24.com</ref> The court observed Taher's execution had happened according to [[Ziaur Rahman|Major General Zia]]'s plan.<ref name=":2">{{cite news |last=Niloy |first=Suliman |title='Zia staged trial to kill Col Taher' |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/05/20/zia-staged-trial-to-kill-col-taher |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bangladesh Forces]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.col-taher.org Website commemorating Col. Taher]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Taher, Abu}}
[[Category:1938 births]]
[[Category:1976 deaths]]
[[Category:Bangladesh Army colonels]]
[[Category:Executed activists]]
[[Category:People of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
[[Category:People from Netrokona District]]
[[Category:People executed for treason against Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Executed Bangladeshi people]]
[[Category:20th-century executions for treason]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Bir Uttom]]
[[Category:People executed by Bangladesh by hanging]]
[[Category:Mukti Bahini personnel]]
[[Category:Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Murari Chand College alumni]]
[[Category:People from Karimganj district]]

Benutzer:Shi Annan/Abu Taher

2022-04-07T01:53:21Z

43.231.20.48: Fixed typo

{{short description|Bangladeshi military officer}}
{{Other uses}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2015}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox person
|honorific_prefix = [[Bir Uttom]]
|name = Abu Taher
|image = Abu Taher.jpg
|imagesize = 110px
|native_name = আবু তাহের
|native_name_lang = bn
|birth_date = {{birth date|1938|11|14|df=yes}}
|birth_place = [[Badarpur, Assam|Badarpur]], [[Sylhet]], [[Assam]], [[British Empire|British India]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|1976|7|21|1938|11|14|df=yes}}
|death_place = [[Old Dhaka Central Jail|Dhaka Central Jail]], [[Dhaka]], Bangladesh
|death_cause = Execution by [[hanging]]
|alma_mater = [[Murari Chand College]]
|party = [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]]
|spouse = [[Lutfa Taher]]<ref>{{Cite news |script-title=bn:আজ আমি আনন্দিত, আমি গর্বিত : লুৎফা তাহের |url=https://www.banglanews24.com/national/news/bd/33653.details#1 |work=banglanews24.com |language=bn |access-date=4 January 2022}}</ref>
|children = 3
|relations = [[M. Anwar Hossain]]<ref>https://bangladeshonrecord.com/colonel-tahers-unfinished-revolution/#.Yf9n3P5ByUk</ref> (brother)
|module =
{{Infobox military person
|embed = yes
|allegiance = {{flag|Bangladesh}} {{flag|Pakistan}} (before 1971)
|branch = {{army|Pakistan}} {{nowrap| [[File:Flag of the Bangladesh Army.svg|23px|Bangladesh Army seal]] [[Bangladesh Army]]}}
|serviceyears = 1962–1971 (Pakistan) 1971-1972(Bangladesh)
|rank = [[Lieutenant Colonel]]
|commands = Sector commander of Sector 11
|battles = [[Bangladesh Liberation War]]
|awards = [[Bir Uttom]]<ref name="Two epoch-making verdicts"/><ref name=bpedia/> Maroon Parachute Wing
}}
}}

'''Abu Taher ''' ({{lang-bn|আবু তাহের}}) (14 November 1938 – 21 July 1976) was a Bengali [[military service]]man, who served in the Pakistan Army, and for a brief period in [[Bangladesh Forces|BDF]]. He crossed into India around mid August and reported to the Indian authorities.
After two week screening at Dehradun, India, Taher reported to Kolkata, Bangladesh Provincial government at 8 Theatre Rd. He was ordered to report to Sector 11 under command of Major Ziaur Rahman. He served in [[BDF]] from end of August to 2 November 1971. He was awarded the medal [[Bir Uttom]] for his gallantry in the liberation war. He was released from military service by Indian military medical board in [[Pune]], India after his leg was amputated. After independence, he was inducted into the Bangladesh Army for administrative retirement with legacy rank of Lieutenant Colonel.
After settling in with family, the government of Bangladesh appointed him with employment at Kumilla. Later Taher turned into a radical political activist and leader of the left-wing [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]].<ref name="Two epoch-making verdicts">{{cite web|last1=Habib|first1=Haroon|title=Two epoch-making verdicts|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/two-epochmaking-verdicts/article623525.ece|work=The Hindu|access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref>

He was responsible for the [[7 November 1975 Bangladesh coup d'état|7 November coup]] which caused severe disruption in discipline and erupted chaos within the rank and structure of the military inside Dhaka Cantonment. Many killings occurred at his instigation.<ref>{{cite news |title=Zia revived Razakars: Inu|url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2013/07/20/zia-revived-razakars-inu|work=bdnews24.com|access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite book|last1=Newton|first1=Michael|title=Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia|date=17 April 2014|publisher=ABC-CLIO, LLC|location=United States of America|isbn=9781610692861|page=455}}</ref> After [[Ziaur Rahman]] was reinstated as army chief, discipline was reinstated. Many personnel including Taher was found guilty of [[high treason]] and [[murder]] and executed.<ref name=":1" /> However, in 2011, his trial was declared illegal by the high court of Bangladesh.<ref name=":2">{{cite news |last=Niloy |first=Suliman |title='Zia staged trial to kill Col Taher' |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/05/20/zia-staged-trial-to-kill-col-taher |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=":3" />

==Early life and education==
Abu Taher was born in [[Badarpur, Assam|Badarpur]], Assam Province of [[British India]] on 14 November 1938.<ref name="TWO GIANTS">{{cite news |title=Two Giants |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/two-giants/ |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=14 November 2013 |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> His ancestral village was Kazla in [[Purbadhala Upazila|Purbadhala]], [[Netrokona District]] of [[Bangladesh]]. After the completion of higher secondary school from [[Murari Chand College]] in [[Sylhet]], Taher joined the [[Pakistani Army]] in September 1960 as an officer candidate.<ref name="bpedia"/> He was married to [[Lutfa Taher]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://thedailynewnation.com/news/35784/nerakona-lutfa-taher-mp-spouse-of-sector-commander-late-col-abu-taher-and-jsd-inu-central-leader-mukllesur-rahman-muktadir-addressing-the-biennial-confeence-of-jsd-inu-netrakona-disrict-unit-at-local-public-hall-yesterday.html |title=Nerakona: Lutfa Taher MP, spouse of sector commander late Col Abu Taher and JSD (Inu) central leader Mukllesur Rahman Muktadir addressing the biennial confeence of JSD (Inu), Netrakona disrict unit at local public hall yesterday |work=The New Nation|access-date=21 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>

==Military career==
Taher received his Commission in 1962 as a second lieutenant in the Pakistan Army. He joined the elite Pakistan [[Special Services Group]] (Commando Force) in 1965.<ref name="TWO GIANTS"/> Following his training, he participated in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]] in the Sialkot sector of [[Kashmir]]. For his part, he received a war participation medal from the Pakistan Army. After the war, Taher took officers pre-qualification course on [[guerrilla warfare]] at [[Fort Benning]] in the United States in 1969. He was posted to the [[Quetta]] Staff College, [[Pakistan]] in 1970.<ref name=bpedia>{{cite book |last=Hossain |first=Md Anwar |year=2012 |chapter=Taher, Lieutenant Colonel Abu |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Taher,_Colonel_Abu |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>

===Bangladesh War of Independence===
Towards the end of August 1971, [[Captain]] Taher, along with three other Bengali officers: Capt. Patwari, Maj. Manzoor and Capt. Ziauddin defected from the Pakistani Army and crossed over the border near [[Abbottabad]], [[West Pakistan]], into India.<ref name="bpedia" /> After two weeks under Indian intelligence screening and debriefing, he was sent to [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] (BDF) HQ at 8 Theatre Road, Calcutta and subsequently posted to Sector 11. He was promoted to Major in September . Major Zia appointed Taher as Sub-Sector Commander No. 2 at Mahendraganj.<ref>{{cite news |title=Taher execution an outright murder: HC |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/col-taher-execution-an-absolute-killing-hc/ |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=20 May 2013 |access-date=20 June 2015}}</ref> Sector 11 was located across the [[Rangpur District]], which comprised [[Mymensingh District]], [[Tangail District]] and parts of the [[Rangpur District]]. On October 10, upon Major Zia's temporary transfer to the Sylhet sector, Major Shafayat Jamil handed over the interim command of the sector to BDF. Sector 11. On 2 November 1971, Taher lost his leg from a small mine blast during a debriefing.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kamalpur, Phulbari tasted freedom on this day in '71 |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/kamalpur-phulbari-tasted-freedom-on-this-day-in-71-53244 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=8 March 2015 |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> Squadron Leader [[M. Hamidullah Khan]] was officially appointed Sector Commander of Sector 11 under direct orders through [[Emergency Action Message|EAM]] from Colonel Osmani, Bangladesh Interim Provincial Government Headquarters. Taher was flown to [[Pune]], India. On 21 November Taher received a Medical Board Release. His leg was later amputated there, where he remained until February 1972. For his valour, he was awarded [[Bir Uttom]].

==Post-war activities==
Following his return, Taher was reinstated into the [[Bangladesh Army]] in April for effective retirement following administrative procedure. He was retired with a legacy entitlement rank of Lieutenant Colonel and hence is widely known as Colonel Taher.<ref name="bpedia" />

===Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal===
Due to his left-leaning communist ideas of organizing the Bangladesh Army along the lines of the [[People's Liberation Army]], he resigned from the army to form the [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]].<ref name="history1">{{cite web
|url=http://www.jsdbd.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=3
|title=History of Jatiya Samajtantric Dal
|publisher=Dhaka Informatix
|access-date=2 December 2009
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726211400/http://www.jsdbd.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1&Itemid=3
|archive-date=26 July 2011
}}</ref>

The [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]] had split from the [[Bangladesh Chhatra League]], the student wing of the [[Bangladesh Awami League]] and called for establishing [[socialism]] through an armed revolution. Taher became the head of its armed wing, the [[Gonobahini]] and led a violent insurgency campaign against the government of [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hossain|first1=Kazi Mobarak|title=Hasanul Haq Inu's JaSoD splits as he names Shirin general secretary|url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/03/12/hasanul-haq-inus-jasod-splits-as-he-names-shirin-general-secretary |work=bdnews24.com |date=13 March 2016 |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref>

===7 November coup===
Abu Taher welcomed the [[assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] on 15 August 1975, remarking, <blockquote>They've made a big mistake. They shouldn't have allowed Sheikh Mujib's burial. Now a shrine will be built there. His body should have been thrown into the [[Bay of Bengal]].</blockquote><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite news |title=Who Said What After August 1 5|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/who-said-what-after-august-15-37449 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=17 August 2014 |access-date=16 July 2016}}</ref>

Taher quickly took advantage of the chaos following the assassination, exacerbating dissent among ranking [[non-commissioned officer]]s and regular soldiers.<ref name=history1 /> Taher incited and organized an uprising of the soldiers on 7 November 1975. Together with [[Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal]] leader [[Hasanul Haq Inu]], soldiers loyal to him tried to takeover Bangladesh Radio and also to remove [[Ziaur Rahman]] from cantonment, in order to facilitate a [[Marxist]] takeover of power.<ref>{{cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Afsan |date=8 November 2010 |title=What really happened in 1975? |url=http://opinion.bdnews24.com/2010/11/08/what-really-happened-in-1975/ |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref>

Some revenge killings took place of a number of military officers and their wives due to incidents dating back to injustices that occurred during the independence war in 1971.<ref name=":4" /> Acts of treason and clear serious breaches of military discipline and morale followed.<ref name=":1" /> As chief of Staff, Major General Ziaur Rahman, worked to bring down the acts of treason and mutiny, after his release.<ref name=":1">{{cite news |last=Ahsan |first=Syed Badrul |date=7 July 2015 |title=Bourgeois dreams of socialist revolution |url=http://www.observerbd.com/2015/07/07/98425.php |newspaper=The Daily Observer |access-date=16 July 2016}}</ref>

==Trial and execution==
Once Ziaur Rahman regained control of the army, he realized that the soldiers' mutiny had to be suppressed if discipline was to be restored.<ref name=":1" /> On 24 November 1975, he ordered Taher arrested on charges of [[high treason]] and [[murder]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news |last=Hossain |first=Kazi Mobarak |date=13 March 2016 |title=Hasanul Haq Inu's JaSoD splits as he names Shirin general secretary |url=http://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/03/12/hasanul-haq-inus-jasod-splits-as-he-names-shirin-general-secretary |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=11 July 2016}}</ref> Taher was tried by a military tribunal inside the [[Dhaka Central Jail]] and sentenced to death on 17 July 1976. He was executed by hanging on 21 July 1976.<ref name="The Daily Star">{{cite news |last=Manik |first=Julfikar Ali |date=25 August 2010 |title=5th amendment verdict paves way for justice |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=152188 |newspaper=The Daily Star |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> The trial was later considered flawed.<ref name="The Daily Star"/><ref>{{cite book |last=Katsiaficas |first=George |date=2013 |title=Asia's unknown uprisings |location=Oakland, Calif. |publisher=PM |page=270 |isbn=978-1-60486-488-5}}</ref>

==High Court ruling==
On 22 March 2011, the High Court overturned the previous judgement that authorised Taher's execution by a military tribunal while the nation was under martial law. The military court judgement was declared illegal.<ref name=":3">[http://bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=2&id=190563&hb=2 "HC declares Taher trial illegal"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930084753/http://bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=2&id=190563&hb=2 |date=30 September 2011 }} bdnews24.com</ref> The court observed Taher's execution had happened according to [[Ziaur Rahman|Major General Zia]]'s plan.<ref name=":2">{{cite news |last=Niloy |first=Suliman |title='Zia staged trial to kill Col Taher' |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/05/20/zia-staged-trial-to-kill-col-taher |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bangladesh Forces]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.col-taher.org Website commemorating Col. Taher]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Taher, Abu}}
[[Category:1938 births]]
[[Category:1976 deaths]]
[[Category:Bangladesh Army colonels]]
[[Category:Executed activists]]
[[Category:People of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
[[Category:People from Netrokona District]]
[[Category:People executed for treason against Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Executed Bangladeshi people]]
[[Category:20th-century executions for treason]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Bir Uttom]]
[[Category:People executed by Bangladesh by hanging]]
[[Category:Mukti Bahini personnel]]
[[Category:Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Murari Chand College alumni]]
[[Category:People from Karimganj district]]

Benutzer:Shi Annan/Bangladesh Navy

2021-12-14T13:31:57Z

43.231.20.48: /* Shore establishments */Fixed typo

{{short description|naval warfare branch of the Bangladesh Armed Forces}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = Bangladesh Navy
| native_name = বাংলাদেশ নৌবাহিনী 
Bangladesh Nou Bahini
| image = File:Crest of the Bangladesh Navy.svg
| image_size = 200px
| caption = The Crest of the Bangladesh Navy
| start_date = 1971
| country = Bangladesh
| allegiance = [[Constitution of Bangladesh|Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh]]
| branch =
| type = Navy
| size = 25,081 [[active duty]] (2017)<ref name=personnel>{{cite news |script-title=bn:সশস্ত্রবাহিনীর মোট সদস্য সংখ্যা দুই লাখ চার হাজার ৫৯৬ জন |url=https://www.bd-pratidin.com/news/2017/06/08/238362 |work=Bangladesh Pratidin |language=bn}}</ref><ref name = personnel2>{{cite news |script-title=bn:সশস্ত্র বাহিনীর সদস্য সংখ্যা ২ লাখ ৪ হাজার ৫৯৬ জন |url=https://dailysangram.com/post/287234-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A7%A8-%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%96-%E0%A7%AA-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AC-%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8 |work=The Daily Sangram |language=bn |access-date=18 May 2021}}</ref> 3,800 civilians<ref name=personnel/><ref name=personnel2/> 117 ships 6 aircraft<ref name="World Air Forces 2020">{{cite web|url= https://www.flightglobal.com/reports/world-air-forces-2020/135665.article|title= World Air Forces 2020|publisher= Flightglobal Insight|year= 2020|access-date= 10 December 2019|url-access= registration|archive-date= 10 December 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191210142102/https://www.flightglobal.com/reports/world-air-forces-2020/135665.article|url-status= live}}</ref>
| command_structure = [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]]
| garrison = Naval Headquarters (NHQ), [[Banani Model Town|Banani]], [[Dhaka]]
| garrison_label = Naval Headquarters
| nickname = BN
| patron = [[President of Bangladesh|The President of Bangladesh]]
| motto = "শান্তিতে সংগ্রামে সমুদ্রে দুর্জয়" ''Shantite Shongrame Shamudre Durjoy'' (English: In War and Peace Invincible at Sea)
| colors = White, Blue {{colour box|#FFFFFF}}{{colour box|#23238E}}
| colors_label =
| march =
| mascot =
| equipment =
| equipment_label = BNS (Bangladesh Naval Ship)
| battles = [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] [[Operation Jackpot]] [[2008 Bangladesh–Myanmar naval standoff]]
| anniversaries = 26 March 7 November.
| decorations =
| website = {{URL|www.navy.mil.bd}}
| battle_honors =

| commander1 = {{Flagicon image|Flag of the President of Bangladesh.svg|size=23px}} [[Abdul Hamid (politician)|President Abdul Hamid]]
| commander1_label = [[Commander-in-chief]]
| commander2 = {{Flagicon image|বাংলাদেশ নৌবাহিনীর পতাকা.svg|size=23px}} [[Admiral]] [[M Shaheen Iqbal]]
| commander2_label = [[List of Chiefs of Naval Staff|Chief of Naval Staff]]

| identification_symbol = [[File:বাংলাদেশ নৌবাহিনীর পতাকা.svg|border|140px]]
| identification_symbol_label = [[War flag|Flag]]
| identification_symbol_2 = [[File:Naval Ensign of Bangladesh.svg|border|140px]]
| identification_symbol_2_label = [[Naval ensign|Ensign]]
| identification_symbol_3 = [[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|140px]]
| identification_symbol_3_label = [[Naval jack|Jack]]
| identification_symbol_4 = [[File:Roundel of Bangladesh – Naval Aviation.svg|100px]]
| identification_symbol_4_label = [[Roundel]]
| aircraft_helicopter = [[AgustaWestland AW109|AW-109E Power]]
| aircraft_patrol = [[Dornier 228|Dornier 228NG]]
}}

The '''Bangladesh Navy''' ({{lang-bn|বাংলাদেশ নৌবাহিনী}}; ''Bangladesh Nou Bahini'') is the [[naval warfare]] branch of the [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]], responsible for Bangladesh's {{convert|118813|sqkm}} of maritime territorial area, and the defence of important [[harbors|harbours]], [[military bases]] and [[Special economic zone|economic zones]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh's maritime boundary extends|url=http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/2014/07/10/44295|work=The Financial Express|location=Dhaka|access-date=2 July 2015|archive-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091932/https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/|url-status=live}}</ref> The primary role of the Bangladesh Navy is to protect the country's economic and military interests at home and abroad. The Bangladesh navy is also a front line disaster management force in [[Bangladesh]], and participates in humanitarian missions abroad. It is a key regional player in counter terrorism efforts, and engages in global peacekeeping with the United Nations.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bangladesh Navy – Modernization|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/bangladesh/navy-modernization.htm|website=Global Security|access-date=15 March 2014|archive-date=26 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626083152/https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/bangladesh/navy-modernization.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Navy being upgraded as a global standard force: PM|url=http://www1.bssnews.net/newsDetails.php?cat=0&id=216898$date=2011-12-27&dateCurrent=2012-01-02|work=[[Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha]]|date=27 December 2011|access-date=15 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140315100921/http://www1.bssnews.net/newsDetails.php?cat=0&id=216898$date=2011-12-27&dateCurrent=2012-01-02|archive-date=15 March 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=PM: Navy to get two submarines by 2015|url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2014/mar/01/pm-visits-chittagong|work=[[Dhaka Tribune]]|date=1 March 2014|access-date=15 March 2014|archive-date=5 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305105503/http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2014/mar/01/pm-visits-chittagong|url-status=live}}</ref>

== History ==
{{Main|Military history of Bangladesh}}

===Origins===
The Bangladesh Navy was created as part of [[Bangladesh Forces]] during Bangladesh's [[Bangladesh Liberation War|1971 liberation war]] against Pakistan. Its official creation date is July 1971 during the [[Bangladesh Sector Commanders Conference 1971]]. In 1971, with [[West Pakistan]] imposing a brutal military crackdown in [[East Pakistan]], the Bangladesh Liberation War was already underway. Many Bengali sailors and officers in the Pakistan Navy defected to form the nascent Bangladesh Navy. Initially, there were two ships, ''PADMA'' and ''PALASH'', and 45 navy personnel. On 9 November 1971, the first naval fleet, consisting of six small [[patrol vessel]]s, was inaugurated.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=War_of_Liberation,_The|title=War of Liberation, The|website=Banglapedia|access-date=1 July 2015|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201163536/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=War_of_Liberation,_The|url-status=live}}</ref> These ships tried to carry out raids on the Pakistani fleet, but were mistakenly hit and sunk by the [[Indian Air Force]] on 10 December 1971. The next major attack was launched on [[Port of Mongla|Mongla]] seaport. According to official figures from the Bangladesh Navy, a total of 334 sailors were involved with the newly created navy, with 22 being killed in action.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bangladeshnavy.org/liber.html |title=Bangladesh Navy in Liberation War |website=Bangladesh Navy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613092723/http://bangladeshnavy.org/liber.html |archive-date=13 June 2010}}</ref>

===Independence to the end of the 20th century===
The navy carried out around 45 operations during the war: traditional naval operations and unconventional [[commando]] operations including [[guerrilla warfare]]. In the first leg of the war, defecting [[Bengal]]i sailors joined the guerrilla forces. It was the eight sailors who defected from the [[Pakistan Navy]] submarine ''PNS Mangro'', under construction in France, that pioneered the formation of the naval element during the Liberation War. Later many other naval personnel participated. During the Liberation War, [[East Pakistan]] was divided into 11 sectors. Each sector had a Commander and a demarcated area of responsibility except sector 10. Sector 10 was nominally responsible for the coastal belt but actually operated over the entire country.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Bangladesh Navy|url=http://www.bangladeshnavy.mil.bd/history.html|website=Bangladesh Navy|access-date=3 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704035414/http://www.bangladeshnavy.mil.bd/history.html|archive-date=4 July 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 1971, it was imperative for the occupation force to keep ports and harbours operative and the sea lines of communication open. The Bangladesh Navy fought to block the sea lines of communication, and to make the sea and river ports inoperative. They attacked all the seaports including many river ports. [[Operation Jackpot]] is one of the best known and most successful operations. They carried out [[Naval mine|mining]] in the [[Pasur River]] Channel by patrol craft. With other fighters they also carried out attacks against the Pakistan Army. As a result, Bangladesh became an independent state within the shortest possible time.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Bangladesh Naval Academy|url=http://www.bangladeshnavy.mil.bd/bna.html|website=Bangladesh Navy|access-date=3 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704015728/http://www.bangladeshnavy.mil.bd/bna.html|archive-date=4 July 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

After independence, especially in the 1970s, additional naval infrastructure was required. Two ex-[[Royal Navy]] [[frigate]]s joined the Bangladesh Navy as {{ship|BNS|Umar Farooq|1976|6}} and {{ship|BNS|Ali Haider|1978|6}} in 1976 and 1978 respectively. In 1982 a third ex-Royal Navy frigate joined the BN as {{ship|BNS|Abu Bakr|1982|6}}. The acquisition of these three frigates is considered the principal foundation of the Bangladesh Navy.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bangladesh Navy – History|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/bangladesh/navy-history.htm|website=globalsecurity.org|access-date=3 July 2015|archive-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091902/https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/bangladesh/navy-history.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

===21st century===
{{See also|2008 Bangladesh–Myanmar naval standoff}}
21st century saw the induction of women in the navy. First batch of 14 female officers joined the navy in 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.navy.mil.bd/tra_female_officer.php|title=female officer training|website=Bangladesh Navy|access-date=29 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180509040153/http://www.navy.mil.bd/tra_female_officer.php|archive-date=9 May 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2016, 44 female sailors were added to the force for the first time.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theindependentbd.com/printversion/details/45648 |title=Navy gets first batch of women sailors |work=The Independent |location=Dhaka |date=31 May 2016 |access-date=17 March 2019 |archive-date=28 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091902/http://www.theindependentbd.com/printversion/details/45648 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2011, the Bangladesh Navy's rescue and medical team, along with the Bangladesh Army was deployed to Japan after [[Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Acceptance of Relief Supplies from Bangladesh|url=http://www.mofa.go.jp/announce/announce/2011/3/0329_01.html|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs Japan|access-date=3 July 2015|archive-date=4 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004084100/http://www.mofa.go.jp/announce/announce/2011/3/0329_01.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Bangladesh Navy have been an active disaster recovery force abroad. In 2013, the navy deployed {{ship|BNS|Somudra Joy}} carrying humanitarian assistance worth of $1 million. Navy's medical team were also deployed to [[Philippines]].<ref>{{cite web|title=BN Ship Sailed for Humanitarian Assistance to Philippines|url=http://www.afd.gov.bd/index.php/media-center/news-events/54-bn-ship-sailed-for-humanitarian-assistance-to-phillipines|website=Armed Forces Division|access-date=3 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704060127/http://www.afd.gov.bd/index.php/media-center/news-events/54-bn-ship-sailed-for-humanitarian-assistance-to-phillipines|archive-date=4 July 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The Bangladesh Navy joined in the search operation of missing [[Malaysia Airlines Flight 370]] with {{ship|BNS|Bangabandhu}}, BNS ''Umar Farooq'' and a [[Dornier 228#Dornier 228NG|Dornier 228NG]] MPA in March 2014. The aircraft was a [[Boeing 777#777-200ER|Boeing 777-200ER]] which gone missing with 12 Malaysian crew members and 227 passengers from 14 nations during the flight from [[Malaysia]] to China. Later, BNS ''Umar Farooq'' was replaced by BNS ''Somudra Joy''. The search was renewed in May 2014 when an Australian exploration company claimed to have traced aircraft debris in the [[Bay of Bengal]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2014/04/30/navy-scouring-bay-of-bengal-again-for-mh370-after-georesonance-claim|title=Navy scouring Bay of Bengal again for MH370 after GeoResonance claim|work=bdnews24.com|access-date=1 July 2014|archive-date=27 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140627001823/http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2014/04/30/navy-scouring-bay-of-bengal-again-for-mh370-after-georesonance-claim|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2014, during the Water Crisis in [[Maldives]], the Bangladesh Navy was the first to launch humanitarian aid relief by deploying BNS ''Somudra Joy'' with 100 tonnes of bottled water.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bangladesh sends water to aid Maldives' crisis|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/bangladesh-sends-water-to-aid-maldives-crisis-53990|access-date=18 July 2015|work=Daily Star|date=7 December 2014|location=Dhaka|archive-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091903/https://www.thedailystar.net/bangladesh-sends-water-to-aid-maldives-crisis-53990|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Forces Goal 2030===
In 2009, the Bangladesh government adopted a long-term modernisation plan for its armed forces called [[Forces Goal 2030]]. As of 2013, about a third of the military hardware procured under the plan has been for the navy.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hasanuzzaman |first=Al Masud |chapter=Civil-Military Relations |year=2016 |editor1-last=Riaz |editor1-first=Ali |editor2-last=Sajjadur Rahman |editor2-first=Mohammad |title=Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Bangladesh |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nC9-CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA115 |publisher=Routledge |page=115 |isbn=978-1-317-30877-5}}</ref> It procured two refurbished [[Type 053 frigate#Type 053H surface-warfare frigate|Type 053H2 (Jianghu III) frigates]] from China in 2014.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2014/03/01/2-modern-warships-commissioned |title=2 Modern Warships Commissioned |newspaper=Bdnews24.com |access-date=31 October 2015 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305191054/http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2014/03/01/2-modern-warships-commissioned |url-status=live }}</ref> Two [[United States Coast Guard]] [[High Endurance Cutter]]s joined the BN in 2013<ref name="BDN23122013">{{cite news|title=4 warships including Somoudra Joy commissioned|url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/12/23/4-warships-including-somoudra-joy-commissioned|access-date=18 July 2015|newspaper=Bdnews24.com|date=23 December 2013|archive-date=15 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015150109/https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/12/23/4-warships-including-somoudra-joy-commissioned|url-status=live}}</ref> and 2015<ref>{{cite web |url=http://navaltoday.com/2015/05/07/former-uscgc-rush-joins-bangladesh-navy/ |title=US hands over second naval ship to Bangladesh |website=navaltoday.com |date=7 May 2015 |access-date=16 August 2015 |archive-date=28 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091904/https://www.navaltoday.com/2015/05/07/former-uscgc-rush-joins-bangladesh-navy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> which are being used as patrol frigates. Navy also bought an ex-Royal Navy ''Roebuck''-class [[survey vessel]] and two ex-Royal Navy {{sclass2|Castle|patrol vessel|0}} [[offshore patrol vessel]]s (OPVs) which were converted to [[Corvette|guided missile corvette]]s in 2011.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2011/03/05/navy-to-be-made-3d-pm|title=Navy to be made 3D: PM|newspaper=Bdnews24.com|date=5 March 2011|access-date=15 April 2016|archive-date=25 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425202956/http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2011/03/05/navy-to-be-made-3d-pm|url-status=live}}</ref> Two [[Type 056 corvette]]s joined the BN in 2016 while two more were ordered in July 2015 and they are awaiting commissioning.<ref name="ds1Dec2015">{{cite news |date=1 December 2015 |title=Navy's annual exercise ends |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/city/navys-annual-exercise-ends-180568 |newspaper=The Daily Star |access-date=4 December 2015 |archive-date=28 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091906/https://www.thedailystar.net/city/navys-annual-exercise-ends-180568 |url-status=live }}</ref> Two {{sclass|Durjoy|patrol craft|0}} large patrol craft (LPCs) were built in China and joined the BN in 2013.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.en.banglanews24.com/printpage/page/76278.html |title=PM arrives in Ctg |newspaper=Banglanews24.com |date=29 August 2013 |access-date=30 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001085451/http://www.en.banglanews24.com/printpage/page/76278.html |archive-date=1 October 2015 }}</ref> Two more ships of the same class with dedicated [[Anti-submarine warfare|ASW]] capabilities were commissioned in 2017.<ref name="comsn">{{cite news |url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2017/11/08/president-hamid-navy-ship-commissioning/|title=President Hamid commissions four new naval ships|newspaper=Dhaka Tribune|date=8 November 2017|access-date=9 November 2017|archive-date=9 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109061504/http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2017/11/08/president-hamid-navy-ship-commissioning/|url-status=live}}</ref> Five [[Padma-class patrol vessel]]s have been commissioned into the navy in 2013.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/01/24/padma-latest-bangladesh-navy-warship|title='Padma' latest Bangladesh Navy warship|work=bdnews24.com|date=24 January 2013|access-date=10 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215210734/http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/01/24/padma-latest-bangladesh-navy-warship|archive-date=15 December 2013|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.daily-sun.com/index.php?view=details&archiev=yes&arch_date=30-08-2013&type=&pub_no=600&cat_id=1&menu_id=1&news_type_id=1&news_id=136633 |title=PM inaugurates 3 warships, 2 patrol aircraft |work=Daily Sun |access-date=24 November 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20141124184446/http://www.daily-sun.com/index.php?view=details&archiev=yes&arch_date=30-08-2013&type=&pub_no=600&cat_id=1&menu_id=1&news_type_id=1&news_id=136633 |archive-date=24 November 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="last3">{{cite news |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/12/23/4-warships-including-somoudra-joy-commissioned| title=4 warships including somoudra joy commissioned |work=bdnews24.com |access-date=24 March 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015150109/https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/12/23/4-warships-including-somoudra-joy-commissioned| archive-date=15 October 2017| url-status=live}}</ref> Besides, multiple indigenous built [[Landing Craft Utility|LCU]]s and [[Landing craft tank|LCT]]s have been added to the navy.

The Bangladesh Navy opened its aviation wing on 14 July 2011 with the induction of two [[AgustaWestland AW109]] [[helicopter]]s. Later on, two [[Dornier 228#Dornier 228NG|Dornier 228NG]] MPA were introduced in 2013.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://cimsec.org/bangladeshs-submarines-china-implications-bay-bengal-security/30819|title=Bangladesh's Submarines from China: Implications for Bay of Bengal Security|date=16 February 2017|work=Center for International Maritime Security|access-date=3 April 2017|archive-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091931/http://cimsec.org/bangladeshs-submarines-china-implications-bay-bengal-security/30819|url-status=live}}</ref> To attain underwater operational capabilities, the Bangladesh Navy inducted two off-the-shelf [[Type 035 submarine|Type 035G (Ming class) submarines]] from China on 12 March 2017.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/politics/bangladesh-give-befitting-reply-if-attacked-pm-1374787|title=Bangladesh to give befitting reply if attacked: PM|work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|date=12 March 2017 |access-date=23 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2017/03/12/bangladeshs-first-submarines-commissioned/ |title=Submarines lead Bangladesh navy into new waters |newspaper=Dhaka Tribune |date=12 March 2017 |access-date=23 March 2017 |archive-date=12 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312081132/http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2017/03/12/bangladeshs-first-submarines-commissioned/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

A new base for the Bangladesh Navy, named ''[[BNS Sher-e-Bangla]]'', is being constructed at Rabanabad in [[Patuakhali District|Patuakhali]]. It will be the largest naval base of the Bangladesh Navy with submarine berthing and aviation facilities.<ref name="theindependentbd.com">{{cite news |url=http://www.theindependentbd.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=233041:largest-naval-base-to-be-in-patuakhali-pm&catid=132:backpage&Itemid=122|title=Largest naval base to be in Patuakhali: PM|author=Shorwar Hossain |newspaper=The Independent |location=Dhaka |access-date=24 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018212027/http://www.theindependentbd.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=233041:largest-naval-base-to-be-in-patuakhali-pm&catid=132:backpage&Itemid=122 |archive-date=18 October 2014}}</ref> Meanwhile, a separate submarine base, named [[BNS Sheikh Hasina]], is under construction at Pekua in [[Cox's Bazar]].<ref name="primenews.com.bd">{{cite news |date=12 October 2013 |title=Work started for land acquisition for submarine base: PM |url=http://primenews.com.bd/details/17340 |newspaper=Prime News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519185247/http://primenews.com.bd/details/17340 |archive-date=19 May 2014}}</ref> A full-fledged naval base, named [[BNS Sheikh Mujib]], has been commissioned in Khilkhet, Dhaka. This is the only operational base in Dhaka naval region.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bssnews.net/?p=115568|title=PM commissions naval base 'BNS Sheikh Mujib'|work=BSS|access-date=28 December 2019|archive-date=6 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106143528/http://www.bssnews.net/?p=115568|url-status=live}}</ref>

===UN missions, multinational exercises and naval diplomacy===
[[File:Bangladeshi Vice Admiral Ahmed received by Vice Admiral Lanba.jpg|200px|thumbnail|right|Vice Admiral Ahmed received by Vice Chief of Naval Staff of the Indian Navy, Vice Admiral [[Sunil Lanba]]]]
[[File:Coast Guard Cutter Jarvis decommissioning and transfer ceremony (8806393648).jpg|200px|thumbnail|left|BN Chief of Staff VA. Farid Habib with Vice Adm. Paul F. Zukunft, Pacific Area commander]]
[[File:CARAT 2012 120922-N-KF309-010.jpg|200px|thumbnail|A U.S. Marine assigned to Fleet Anti-terrorism Security Team Pacific and a Bangladesh Navy sailor with Special Warfare Diving and Salvage Command engage the enemy during a noncompliant boarding exercise aboard the Bangladesh Navy offshore patrol vessel BNS Sangu (P 713) during Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT) 2012.]]

In 1993 the Bangladesh Navy joined United Nations Peacekeeping Operations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bangladesh_Navy|title=Bangladesh Navy|website=Banglapedia|access-date=6 April 2016|archive-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091906/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bangladesh_Navy|url-status=live}}</ref> Its first UN mission came in 2005, when a Bangladesh Navy contingent was sent to [[United Nations Mission in Sudan|Sudan]] as Force Riverine Unit (FRU).<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 March 2015 |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/bangladesh-navy-contributes-two-more-battleships-28542|title=Bangladesh Navy contributes two more battleships|work=The Daily Star|access-date=5 April 2016}}</ref> The Bangladesh Navy is currently serving in [[United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon|United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)]] in Lebanon since 2010, when two ships, {{ship|BNS|Osman}} and {{ship|BNS|Madhumati}}, were deployed there in May of that year. The BN is the third Asian and only subcontinental navy to serve in the volatile region. The BN maintained the two ships thousands of miles from Bangladesh in the [[Mediterranean Sea]] for four years until June 2014, when the ships were replaced by {{ship|BNS|Ali Haider|2014|6}} and {{ship|BNS|Nirmul}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defencebd.com/2014/05/bangladesh-navy-ship-in-lebanon-united.html|title=Bangladesh Navy Ship in Lebanon United Nation UNIFIL ~ Bangladesh Defence|access-date=24 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224170341/http://www.defencebd.com/2014/05/bangladesh-navy-ship-in-lebanon-united.html|archive-date=24 December 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

BN ships regularly participate in exercises with other navies, gaining valuable experience and improving their fighting capabilities. [[Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training#CARAT Bangladesh|CARAT]] is a yearly exercise conducted with the [[United States Navy]] in the Bay of Bengal since 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.public.navy.mil/surfor/Pages/CARAT2013.aspx|title=CARAT 2013|publisher=United States Navy|access-date=30 June 2014|archive-date=11 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611051123/http://www.public.navy.mil/surfor/Pages/CARAT2013.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> The BN has sent an OPV to every [[Indian Navy#Naval exercises|MILAN]] multinational naval exercise held near the [[Andaman Islands]] since 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiannavy.nic.in/press-release/milan-2014-unequivocal-success|title=Milan 2014 : An Unequivocal Success : Press Release : Indian Navy|work=indiannavy.nic.in|access-date=30 June 2014|archive-date=19 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140319013555/http://indiannavy.nic.in/press-release/milan-2014-unequivocal-success|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Aman Naval Exercise|AMAN]]'', another multinational exercise held every two years in the [[Arab Sea]], organised by the [[Pakistan Navy]], has also seen participation by BN frigates since 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://paknavy.gov.pk/aman/intro.htm |title=Exercise AMAN-13 |website=Pakistan Navy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140604004352/http://paknavy.gov.pk/AMAN/Intro.htm |archive-date=4 June 2014}}</ref> BNS ''Bangabandhu'' participated in ''Exercise Ferocious Falcon'', a Multinational Crisis Management Exercise, held at [[Doha]], [[Qatar]] in November 2012,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/bns-bangabandhu-berths-at-kochi/article4066686.ece |title=BNS Bangabandhu berths at Kochi |work=The Hindu |date=5 November 2012 |access-date=24 May 2015 |archive-date=18 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140518224831/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/bns-bangabandhu-berths-at-kochi/article4066686.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> while BNS ''Somudra Joy'' participated the same exercise in 2015.<ref>{{cite news|title=Navy ship leaves Ctg for Qatar|url=http://www.newstoday.com.bd/index.php?option=details&news_id=2409307&date=2015-04-24|access-date=18 July 2015|work=The News Today|date=23 April 2015|location=Dhaka|archive-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091905/http://www.newstoday.com.bd/index.php?option=details&news_id=2409307&date=2015-04-24|url-status=live}}</ref> {{ship|BNS|Abu Bakr|2014|6}} took part in ''14th Western Pacific Naval Symposium'' and ''International Fleet Review-2014'' in [[Qingdao]], [[Shandong|Shandong Province]] of China in April 2014.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bssnews.net/newsDetails.php?cat=0&id=409521&date=2014-05-13 |title=Naval ship Abu Bakr returns from China |work=BSS |access-date=31 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923195001/http://www.bssnews.net/newsDetails.php?cat=0&id=409521&date=2014-05-13 |archive-date=23 September 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> She also participated in [[Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace Exhibition|Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace Exhibition (LIMA)]]-2015 held at Malaysia.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2015/mar/12/bns-abu-Bakar-leaves-port-city-lima-2015-malaysia |title=BNS Abu Bakar leaves port city for LIMA-2015 in Malaysia. |work=Dhaka Tribune.com |access-date=31 October 2015 |archive-date=28 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091912/https://www.dhakatribune.com/error |url-status=live }}</ref>

==List of Chiefs of Naval Staff==
{{main|List of Chiefs of Naval Staff}}

== Exercise Somudro Ghurni ==
{{operational plan
| name = Somudro Ghurni (''Sea Vortex'')
| partof =
| image = Bay of Bengal map.png
| caption =
| scope =
| type = Bangladesh Navy [[Naval exercise]]
| location = [[Bay of Bengal]]
| coordinates =
| map_type =
| latitude =
| longitude =
| map_size =
| map_caption =
| map_label =
| planned =
| planned_by = Naval Operations Branch
| objective = Deployment of Bangladesh Navy and Special Operation Forces.
| target =
| date = 16 November 2015 - 30 November 2015
| time =
| time-begin =
| time-end =
| timezone =
| executed_by = [[Rear-Admiral|RAdm]] M Khaled Iqbal, COMBAN
| outcome =
| casualties =
| fatalities =
| injuries =
}}

'''Somudro Ghurni''' (English: Sea Vortex) is the codename of a series of major naval exercises conducted by the Bangladesh Navy to simulate naval warfare and the protection of the country from external maritime threats, protection of the country's maritime resources, and prevention of smuggling.<ref>{{cite news |script-title=bn:ক্ষেপণাস্ত্রের সফল পরীক্ষা চালাল নৌবাহিনী |trans-title=The navy successfully test the missile |url=http://www.prothom-alo.com/bangladesh/article/699613/ক্ষেপণাস্ত্রের-সফল-পরীক্ষা-চালাল-নৌবাহিনী |newspaper=Prothom Alo |language=bn |date=1 December 2015 |access-date=26 June 2017 |archive-date=28 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091921/https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |script-title=bn:নৌবাহিনীর ‘সমুদ্র ঘূর্ণি’ নিয়ে সচেতনতা বিষয়ক সেমিনার |trans-title=A seminar on awareness of the 'sea vortex' of the Navy |url=http://www.bhorerkagoj.net/print-edition/2015/11/10/60213.php |newspaper=Bhorer Kagoj |language=bn |date=1 December 2015 |access-date=27 December 2015}}</ref>

===Overview===
The exercise took place in the Bay of Bengal. It started on 16 November 2015 and lasted 15 days. During the exercise, the navy deployed most of its fleet, including [[frigates]], [[corvettes]], and [[maritime patrol aircraft]]. The exercise included [[search and rescue]], [[logistical]], [[maritime patrol]], [[Landing operation|landing]], and [[warfare]] exercises. During the exercise, the Navy successfully test launched missiles.<ref>{{cite news |script-title=bn:শেষ হলো নৌবাহিনীর বার্ষিক সমুদ্রমহড়া 'সমুদ্র ঘূর্ণি |trans-title=The end of the Navy's annual sea-monsoon 'sea vortex' |url=http://www.dailynayadiganta.com/?/detail/news/73734?m=0 |newspaper=Daily Naya Diganta |language=bn |date=1 December 2015 |access-date=27 December 2015 |archive-date=28 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091910/https://www.dailynayadiganta.com/?%2Fdetail%2Fnews%2F73734%3Fm=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Administration and organisation==
Bangladesh Navy (BN) has its headquarters at [[Banani Model Town|Banani]], [[Dhaka]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.navy.mil.bd/bases.php|title=Bangladesh Navy|website=Bangladesh Navy|access-date=3 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527111317/http://www.navy.mil.bd/bases.php|archive-date=27 May 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=April 2017}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/foreign-affairs/2017/04/02/indian-army-chief-meets-pm/|title=Indian army chief meets PM Sheikh Hasina|date=2 April 2017|work=Dhaka Tribune|access-date=3 April 2017|archive-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091910/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/foreign-affairs/2017/04/02/indian-army-chief-meets-pm/|url-status=live}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=April 2017}} According to the [[Constitution of Bangladesh]], the [[President of Bangladesh]] is the commander-in chief of Bangladesh Armed Forces. The [[List of Chiefs of Naval Staff|Chief of Naval Staff]] (CNS), a four-star [[Admiral (Bangladesh)|Admiral]],<ref name="admiral">{{cite news |title=BN, BAF chiefs rank upgraded|url=http://www.bssnews.net/newsDetails.php?cat=0&id=547167&date=2016-01-17|work=[[Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha]]|access-date=17 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203162949/http://www.bssnews.net/newsDetails.php?cat=0&id=547167&date=2016-01-17|archive-date=3 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=April 2017}} is the highest admiral, directs the non-combat and combatant operations from the Naval Headquarters (NHQ) in Dhaka. The headquarters has four branches: Operations (O), Personnel (P), Material (M) and Logistics (Log). Each branch is headed by officers who are titled as Principal Staff Officer (PSO) and known as Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (ACNS), e.g., ACNS (O). Under each PSO there are various directorates headed by directors with the rank of [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] or [[Captain (naval)|Captain]]. Under each director there are deputy directors (DD) and staff officers (SO).
The Bangladesh Navy has nine major combatant command, each command is commanded by a [[Rear admiral]] or [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]], who directly reports to Chief of Naval Staff.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.navy.mil.bd/rank.php|title=Bangladesh Navy|website=Bangladesh Navy|access-date=3 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325003422/http://navy.mil.bd/rank.php|archive-date=25 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.navy.mil.bd/type_service.php|title=Bangladesh Navy|website=Bangladesh Navy|access-date=3 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325185414/http://navy.mil.bd/type_service.php|archive-date=25 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=April 2017}}

'''Naval Headquarter Formation of Bangladesh Navy'''
{{Main|List of serving admirals of the Bangladesh Navy}}
{| class="wikitable" style="width:70%; margin:0 auto;"
|-
! style="background:#ccc;"|Appointment
! style="background:#ccc;"|Rank & Name
! style="background:#ccc;"|Star Plate
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background: #FFFFFF;"|'''[[Chief of Naval Staff (Bangladesh)|Chief of Naval Staff]]'''
|| [[Admiral]] [[M Shaheen Iqbal]], (TAS), NBP, NUP, ndc, afwc, psc ||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force general.svg|50px]]
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Operations)'''
|| [[Rear Admiral]] [[M Ashraful Haq]], (C), NBP, NUP, ndc, awfc, psc, BN||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force major general.svg|50px]]
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Personnel)'''
| [[Rear Admiral]] Mahbub ul Islam, (ND), BSP, ndc, psc, BN
|
[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force major general.svg|50px]]
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Materiel)'''
|| [[Rear Admiral]] [[M Shafiul Azam]], (E), NUP, ndc, psc, BN||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force major general.svg|50px]]
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Logistics)'''
|| [[Rear Admiral]] [[M Shafiul Azam]], (E), NUP, ndc, psc, BN (on Additional duty) ||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force major general.svg|50px]]
|-
|}

'''Area Commanders & Administrative Authority of Bangladesh Navy'''

{| class="wikitable" style="width:70%; margin:0 auto;"
|-
! style="background:#ccc;"|Appointment
! style="background:#ccc;"|Rank & Name
! style="background:#ccc;"|Star Plate
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Commander Chattogram Naval Area'''
|| [[Rear Admiral]] M Mozammel Haque, (G), OSP, NUP, ndc, psc, BN||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force major general.svg|50px]]
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Commander BN Fleet'''
|| [[Rear Admiral]] [[S M Abul Kalam Azad]], (G), NGP, ndc, psc, BN<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/534289/Navy-warship-leaves-Ctg-to-take-part-in-IDEX-NAVDEX-in-UAE |title=Commander BN Fleet Rear Admiral S M Abul Kalam Azad |date=February 7, 2021|work=Daily Sun}}</ref> ||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force major general.svg|50px]]
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Commander Khulna Naval Area '''
|| [[Rear Admiral]] M Anwar Hossain, (ND), NGP, pcgm, ndc, afwc, psc, BN ||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force major general.svg|50px]]
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Commander Dhaka Naval Area'''
|| [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] Mir Ershad Ali, (G), OSP, NPP, ndc, psc, BN||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force brigadier general.svg|50px]] ||
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Commodore Superintendent Dockyard'''
|| [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] M Zakirul Islam (E), ndc, psc, BN ||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force brigadier general.svg|50px]]
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Commander Flotilla West'''
|| [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] Abdullah Al-Mamun Chowdhury, (N), BSP, ndc, psc, BN||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force brigadier general.svg|50px]]

|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Commodore [[Bangladesh Naval Aviation]]'''||[[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] M Moinul Hassan, (ND), BSP, ncc, psc, BN||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force brigadier general.svg|50px]]
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Commander Submarine'''
|| [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] Khondkar Misbah-ul-Azim, (TAS), NPP, ndu, afwc, psc, BN||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force brigadier general.svg|50px]]
|-
|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Chief Hydrographer'''
|| [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] Abul Khair Muhammad Mustaque Sherafullah, (H1), NGP, BCGMS, psc, BN{{citation needed|date=February 2021}} ||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force brigadier general.svg|50px]]
|-

|! style="text-align:center; background:#FFFFFF;"|'''Commodore [[Special Warfare Diving and Salvage]] Command'''
|| [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] Mohammad Manzur Hossain, (G), BSP, ndu, psc, BN||[[File:Flag of a United States Air Force brigadier general.svg|50px]]
|}

==Branches==
Bangladesh Navy has 6 administrative branches:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.navy.mil.bd/branches.php|title=Bangladesh Navy|website=Bangladesh Navy|access-date=3 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325003729/http://navy.mil.bd/branches.php|archive-date=25 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
;The Executive Branch: The Executive branch is responsible for Seamanship, Navigation, Communication, Torpedo Anti Submarine, Gunnery and Hydrographic activities.
;The Engineering Branch: The Engineering branch has responsibility on board ships and at shipyard/dockyard organizations. On board ship the Engineering branch officers and sailors maintain Ships' propulsion system, power generation system, steering gear, auxiliary, ancillary and all mechanical and hydraulic systems of the ship to keep the Ship operational, ensuring its stability, sea keeping, fire fighting and damage control capabilities. At shipyard and dockyard the Engineering branch is engaged in ship repair, ship construction including renovation and new building. They are also responsible for forecasting of machinery spares, inspection & quality control and maintaining the Depot.
;The Supply Branch: The supply branch is responsible for providing supply support to ships in terms of dry and fresh rations, clothing and secretarial duties.
;The Electrical Branch: Commonly known as Electrical branch, which is responsible for distribution of power supply in the ship, maintenance of all electrical equipment, propulsion electronic control system, navigation (radar, GPS, echo sounder etc.) and communication equipment (HF sets, VHF set etc.). The major and most important part of their job is to look after the weapon and fire control system, sensors, search and fire control radars. They also contribute to the dockyards and shipyards in similar ways of the Engineering branch.
;Education Branch : The Education branch remains committed for instructional duties. Officers work in the Naval law department are recruited for education branch. Officers from engineering background are also recruited in the education branch.
;Medical Branch: Doctors recruited directly for Navy and doctors from Army Medical and Dental cores are also seconded to the Navy for short duration to serve in the ship/establishment and in naval hospital.

==Rank structure==
{{Main|Military ranks of Bangladesh}}

===Commissioned officers===
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armed Forces/OF/Blank}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Navies/OF/Bangladesh}}
|}

===Other ranks===
{| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Navies/OR/Blank}}
{{Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Navies/OR/Bangladesh}}
|}

==Shore establishments==
{| class=wikitable
! [[Dhaka]] !! [[Chattogram]] !! [[Khulna]] !! [[Patuakhali]]
|- valign=top
|
* [[BNS Haji Mohshin|BNS Haji Mohsin]]
* [[BNS Sheikh Mujib]]
|
* [[BNS Issa Khan]]
* [[BNS Shaheed Moazzem]]
* [[BN Dockyard]]
* [[BNS Ulka]]
* [[BNS Bhatiary]]
* [[BNS Nirbhik]]
* [[BNS Sheikh Hasina]]
|
* [[BNS Titumir]]
* [[BNS Mongla]]
|
* [[BNS Sher-e-Bangla]]

|}

==Training institutes==
;Bangladesh Naval Academy
The [[Bangladesh Naval Academy]] is the home of naval cadets to be the future officers of Bangladesh Navy. The academy provides education, athletic and military training to the naval cadets. The academy also offers training programs to the officers of allied navies including navy personnel from Qatar, [[Sri Lankan Navy|Sri Lanka]], Maldivian and Palestinian Navy.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/navy-get-two-subs-year-1196785|title=Navy to get two subs this year|date=20 March 2016|work=The Daily Star|access-date=3 April 2017|archive-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091911/https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/navy-get-two-subs-year-1196785|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2016/01/21/cpa-chairman-nizamuddin-named-new-navy-chief|title=CPA chairman Nizamuddin named new Navy chief|work=bdnews24.com|access-date=3 April 2017|archive-date=23 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423071115/http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2016/01/21/cpa-chairman-nizamuddin-named-new-navy-chief|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Equipment==
{{More citations needed section|date=November 2021}}
As of November 2020, the Bangladeshi Navy has five Guided Missile Frigates,<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/military-affairs/2019/04/28/bangladesh-navy-gets-2-warships|title=Bangladesh Navy gets 2 warships|work=Dhaka Tribune|access-date=22 December 2019|archive-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091941/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/military-affairs/2019/04/28/bangladesh-navy-gets-2-warships|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.navy.mil.bd/ships.php|title=List of ships in Bangladesh navy|access-date=6 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180506234907/http://navy.mil.bd/ships.php|archive-date=6 May 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> two patrol frigates, six Corvettes, thirty-eight minor surface combatants of various types (including patrol vessels, missile boats, and mine hunters), and thirty auxiliaries as surface assets. Submarine branch is equipped with two diesel-electric attack submarines. The naval aviation wing operates both [[fixed-wing aircraft]] and [[rotorcraft]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.navy.mil.bd/bn_history3.php|title=Naval Aviation – Bangladesh Navy|access-date=30 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225223945/http://www.navy.mil.bd/bn_history3.php|archive-date=25 February 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> The navy also maintain a special force named [[Special Warfare Diving and Salvage|SWADS]].

===Submarines===

Bangladesh Navy became the three-dimensional force with the commissioning of two refurbished [[Type 035 submarine#Variants|Type 035G (Ming class)]] submarines on 12 March 2017.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thedailystar.net/country/bangladeshs-first-two-submarines-commissioned-1374724| title=Bangladesh's first 2 submarines commissioned| work=The Daily Star| date=12 March 2017| access-date=12 March 2017| archive-date=12 March 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312090121/http://www.thedailystar.net/country/bangladeshs-first-two-submarines-commissioned-1374724| url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2017/03/12/bangladeshs-first-submarines-commissioned/| title=Bangladesh's first submarines commissioned| work=Dhaka Tribune| date=12 March 2017| access-date=12 March 2017| archive-date=12 March 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312081132/http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2017/03/12/bangladeshs-first-submarines-commissioned/| url-status=live}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Type
! Number
! Notes
|-
|! style="text-align: center;"| Diesel-electric attack submarine
|! style="text-align: center;"| 2
|! style="text-align: center;"| They carry 57 personnel and 18 Torpedoes with an option of loading 32 mines as well.
|}

===Ships===
{{Main|List of active ships of the Bangladesh Navy}}
{{See also2|[[List of historic ships of the Bangladesh Navy]] for a list of historic ships of the Bangladesh Navy}}
[[File:BNS Bangabandhu berthing at Kochi in 2011.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|Personnel aboard {{ship|BNS|Bangabandhu}}]]
[[File:BNS Nirmul.jpg|250px|thumbnail|right|{{ship|BNS|Nirmul}}, a {{sclass|Durjoy|patrol craft|1}}]]

{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Type
! Number of ships
! Notes
|-
|! style="text-align: center;"| [[Frigate]]
|! style="text-align: center;"| 7
|
|-
|! style="text-align: center;"| [[Corvette]]
|! style="text-align: center;"| 6
| <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/military-affairs/2019/04/28/bangladesh-navy-gets-2-warships|title=Bangladesh Navy gets 2 warships|work=[[Dhaka Tribune]]|date=28 April 2019|access-date=28 April 2019|archive-date=27 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427211857/https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/military-affairs/2019/04/28/bangladesh-navy-gets-2-warships|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align: center;" ! | [[Patrol vessel|Large patrol craft]]
| style="text-align: center;" ! | 5
|
|-
| style="text-align: center;" ! | [[Offshore patrol vessel]]
| style="text-align: center;" ! | 12
|
|-
|! style="text-align: center;"| [[Fast attack craft|Fast attack craft-missile]]
| style="text-align: center;"| 4
| Upgraded with C-704 AShM.
|-
|! style="text-align: center;"| [[Fast attack craft|Fast Attack craft-ASW]]
|! style="text-align: center;"| 4
|
|-
| style="text-align: center;" ! | [[Fast attack craft|Fast attack craft-gun]]
| style="text-align: center;" ! | 5
|
|-
| style="text-align: center;" ! | [[Naval mine#Active countermeasures|Minesweeper]]
| style="text-align: center;" ! | 5
| Mainly used as offshore patrol vessels.
|-
| style="text-align: center;" ! | [[Survey vessel|Survey ship]]
| style="text-align: center;" ! | 2
|
|-
| style="text-align: center;" ! | [[Training ship]]
| style="text-align: center;" ! | 1
|An Ex-RN Island-class OPV
|-
|! style="text-align: center;"| [[Amphibious warfare ship|Amphibious warfare]]
|! style="text-align: center;"| 15
|
|-
|style="text-align: center;" ! | [[Repair ship]]
|style="text-align: center;" ! | 1
|
|-
|style="text-align: center;" ! | [[Tanker (ship)|Tanker]]
|style="text-align: center;" ! | 2
|
|-
|style="text-align: center;" ! | [[Dry dock#Floating|Floating dock]]
|style="text-align: center;" ! | 1
|
|-
| style="text-align: center;" ! | [[Auxiliary ship|Auxiliaries]]
| style="text-align: center;" ! | 11
|
|}

===Naval aviation===
{{main|Bangladesh Naval Aviation}}{{See also|List of active Bangladesh military aircraft}}
[[File:S3-VHA Bangladesh Navy AW-109 Power. (31522348101) (cropped).jpg|thumb| Bangladesh Navy [[AW 109|AugustaWestland AW-109E Power]] ]]
[[File:Dornier Do-228 MPA of Bangladesh Navy (cropped).jpg|thumb| [[Dornier 228|Dornier 228NG]] [[Maritime patrol aircraft]] operated by Bangladesh Navy]]
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Type!!Country!!Class!!Role!!In service!!Orders!!Notes
|-
| [[AgustaWestland AW109]]
| {{ITA}}
| Rotary wing
| Utility
| 2
|
| <ref name="World Air Forces 2017">{{cite web|url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/insight-from-flightglobal-world-air-forces-on-the-r-432247/|title= World Air Forces 2017|publisher= Flightglobal Insight|year= 2017|access-date= 27 February 2017|archive-date= 29 July 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170729020304/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/insight-from-flightglobal-world-air-forces-on-the-r-432247/|url-status= live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Dornier 228]]
| {{GER}}
| Fixed wing turbo-prop
| [[Maritime patrol aircraft|MPA]]
| 3
| 1
| One is on flight testing <ref>{{Cite news|title=Bangladesh Navy Do228NG emerges from its stable|work=Scramble|url=https://www.scramble.nl/military-news/bangladesh-navy-do228ng-emerges-from-its-stable}}</ref>
|}

===Munitions===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Name
! style="width:15%;"| Type
! style="width:10%;"| Range
! style="width:15%;"| Origin
! style="width:25%;"| Notes
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Otomat#Submodels|Otomat Mk 2 Block IV]]<ref name="SIPRI">{{cite web |url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |title=Trade-Register-1971-2018.rft |website=Stockholm International Peace Research Institute |access-date=21 April 2019 |archive-date=12 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112185733/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |url-status=live }}</ref> || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Anti-ship missile]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|180 km<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mbda-systems.com/product/otomat-mk2/|title=OTOMAT MK2 BLOCK IV - MBDA|work=MBDA|access-date=2021-05-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.mbda-systems.com/product/otomat-mk2/|title=OTOMAT MK2 BLOCK IV - MBDA|work=MBDA|access-date=2018-07-17|language=en-US|archive-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091944/https://www.mbda-systems.com/product/otomat-mk2/|url-status=live}}</ref> || {{ITA}} ||
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[YJ-83#Confusion between the YJ-82, C-802, and "C-803"|C-802A]]<ref name="SIPRI"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-36354|title=Bangladesh Navy successfully test fires long range missile|work=The Daily Star|access-date=5 April 2016|archive-date=17 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417091343/http://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-36354|url-status=live}}</ref> || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Anti-ship missile]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|180 km || {{PRC}} ||
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[C-704]]<ref name="SIPRI"/> || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Anti-ship missile]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|35 km || {{PRC}} ||
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[HQ-7#HQ-7A (FM-90N)|FM-90N]]<ref name="SIPRI"/> || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Surface-to-air missile]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|15 km || {{PRC}} ||
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[HQ-10#FL-3000N|FL-3000N]]<ref name="SIPRI"/> || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Surface-to-air missile]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|9 km || {{PRC}} ||
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Yu-4]]<ref name="SIPRI"/> || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Torpedo]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|6 km (original) at 30 knots (56 km/h), 15 km (upgraded) at 40 knots (74 km/h) || {{PRC}} ||
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[A244-S]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Torpedo]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|13.5 km || {{ITA}} ||
|}

===Small arms===
[[File:Bangladesh Navy Special Warfare Diving and Salvage (SWADS) member. Photo by Jadu Mootu @NPS 2014 (cropped).jpg|thumb|A Navy [[Special Warfare Diving and Salvage]] (SWADS) member]]
[[File:US Navy 110922-N-RI844-262 Capt. Abdullah Al Mamun, commanding officer of the Bangladesh navy frigate BNS Bangabandhu (F 25), fires a 12.7 mm heavy.jpg|thumb|right|A Bangladesh Navy Captain firing [[M2 Browning]] on [[BNS Bangabandhu]] in CARAT 2011]]
[[File:US Navy 110922-N-RI844-133 A Bangladesh navy sailor fires a Type-56 assault rifle aboard the Bangladesh navy frigate BNS Bangabandhu (F 25) during.jpg|thumb|right| A Bangladesh navy sailor fires a Type-56 assault rifle aboard the Bangladesh navy frigate [[BNS Bangabandhu]] (F 25)]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Name
! style="width:15%;"| Type
! style="width:10%;"| Caliber
! style="width:10%;"| Origin
! style="width:25%;"| Notes
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[QSZ-92|Type 92]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Semi-automatic pistol]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[9×19mm]] || {{PRC}} || Standard issue sidearm.
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Type 54]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Semi-automatic pistol]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[7.62×25mm]] || {{PRC}} || In special Forces and reserve use.
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[SIG Sauer P226]]/228/229 || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Semi-automatic pistol]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[9×19mm]] || {{GER}} {{SWI}} ||
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Type 56]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Assault rifle]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[7.62×39mm]] || {{China}} {{BAN}} || Assembled locally by [[Bangladesh Ordnance Factories|BOF]].
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Type 81 Assault Rifle|BD-08]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Assault rifle]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[7.62×39mm]] || {{BAN}} || Produced under license by [[Bangladesh Ordnance Factories|BOF]].
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[M4A1]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Assault rifle]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[5.56×45mm]] || {{USA}} || [[Special Warfare Diving and Salvage|SWADS]].
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Daewoo K2]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Assault rifle]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[5.56×45mm]] || {{ROK}} || [[Special Warfare Diving and Salvage|SWADS]].
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[M24 sniper rifle]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[sniper rifle]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[7.62×51mm]] || {{USA}} || [[Special Warfare Diving and Salvage|SWADS]].
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Heckler and Koch MP5]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[sub-machine gun]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[9×19mm]] || {{GER}}||
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Daewoo K7]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[sub-machine gun]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[9×19mm]] || {{ROK}}||
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Chinese Type 81 Assault Rifle#Variants|BD-15 LMG]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bof.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bof.portal.gov.bd/page/e8df0b2b_4e80_45ef_950f_713833c60426/2020-07-30-15-17-bf45b2f38b45a6279af0b6c148edb25c.pdf |title=Magazine Production Line |website=Bangladesh Ordnance Factory |access-date=8 September 2020 |archive-date=28 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228083719/http://bof.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bof.portal.gov.bd/page/e8df0b2b_4e80_45ef_950f_713833c60426/2020-07-30-15-17-bf45b2f38b45a6279af0b6c148edb25c.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>|| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Light machine gun]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[7.62×39mm]] || {{BAN}} || Produced under license by [[Bangladesh Ordnance Factories|BOF]].
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[M240 machine gun#M240B|M240B]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[General-purpose machine gun]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[7.62×51mm]] || {{USA}} || Used on [[Defender-class boat]]
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[FN MAG#British versions|L44A1]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[General-purpose machine gun]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[7.62×51mm]] || {{UK}} || Used on [[Island-class patrol vessel|Island-class OPV]], [[BNS Meghna|Meghna-class OPV]], [[River-class minesweeper]]
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[DShK]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Heavy machine gun]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[12.7×108mm]] || {{RUS}} ||
|-
| ! style="text-align: center;"|[[M2 Browning]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[Heavy machine gun]] || ! style="text-align: center;"|[[12.7×99mm]] || {{USA}} ||Used on [[BNS Bangabandhu]]
|}

== Future modernization plans ==
{{Main|Forces Goal 2030}}

Bangladesh has made a long term modernisation plan for its Armed Forces named [[Forces Goal 2030]].<ref name="Forces Goal 2030">{{cite news|title= Forces Goal 2030 to be implemented in four phases: PM|url=http://newagebd.com/detail.php?date=2013-02-28&nid=41420#.UyPtsT-SxnM|work=[[New Age (Bangladesh)|New Age]]|date=28 February 2013|access-date=15 March 2014}}</ref> The plan includes the modernization and expansion of all equipment and infrastructures and providing enhanced training.<ref name="Forces Goal 2030"/> Bangladesh Navy is setting up a new base at Rabanabad in [[Patuakhali]] named [[BNS Sher-e-Bangla]], which will be the largest naval base of the country. The base will have submarine berthing and aviation facilities.<ref name="theindependentbd.com" /> A separate submarine base named [[BNS Sheikh Hasina]], is under construction at Pekua in [[Cox's Bazar]].<ref name="primenews.com.bd" /> The construction works of a fleet headquarters at the Sandwip channel of Chittagong with ship berthing facilities is already going on.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://unb.com.bd/bangladesh-news/One-day-BD-Navy-to-become-builder-from-buyer-hopes-PM/59066|title=One day BD Navy to become builder from buyer, hopes PM|work=UNB|date=24 December 2017|access-date=24 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225035005/http://unb.com.bd/bangladesh-news/One-day-BD-Navy-to-become-builder-from-buyer-hopes-PM/59066|archive-date=25 December 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Khulna Shipyard]] is currently building five [[padma-class patrol vessel]]s for the navy. The same shipyard launched two [[Research vessel|hydrographic research ships]] and two coastal survey boats for the Bangladesh Navy. The ships are in trial phase now.{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}}

BN has issued two tenders for the procurement of four helicopters with anti-submarine warfare (ASW), anti-surface vessel warfare (ASuW), over-the-horizon targeting (OTHT), maritime search and rescue (MSAR), medical evacuation (MEDEVAC), casualty evacuation (CASEVAC) and special mission capabilities.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.janes.com/article/66022/bangladesh-navy-issues-new-helicopter-tender| title=Bangladesh Navy issues new helicopter tender| publisher=IHS Janes 360| date=6 December 2016| access-date=12 December 2016| archive-date=7 December 2016| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207160125/http://www.janes.com/article/66022/bangladesh-navy-issues-new-helicopter-tender| url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://dgdp.gov.bd/dgdp/AP_TEN/s_doc/2247.pdf |title=Tender Specification of Helicopters |website=DGDP |access-date=2 April 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403112457/http://dgdp.gov.bd/dgdp/AP_TEN/s_doc/2247.pdf| archive-date=3 April 2018| url-status=dead}}</ref> Contract has been signed for two [[maritime patrol aircraft]] on 27 March 2017.

Bangladesh Navy issued a tender for the supply of Technical Data Link (TDL) system. The system will connect 16 platforms as 2 frigates, 4 corvettes, 1 LPC, 3 shore stations, 2 helicopters, 2 MPAs and two submarines.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.dgdp.gov.bd/dgdp/AP_TEN/s_doc/1035.pdf| title=Tender specification of Technical Data Link (TDL) system. |website=DGDP |access-date=19 February 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220013939/http://www.dgdp.gov.bd/dgdp/AP_TEN/s_doc/1035.pdf| archive-date=20 February 2017| url-status=dead}}</ref> In April 2018, Bangladesh Navy issued tender for two X-band navigational radars with helicopter landing control facility for two of its ships.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://dgdp.gov.bd/dgdp/AP_TEN/s_doc/2242.pdf |title=Tender Specification of Navigation Radar with Helo Landing Control Facility |website=DBDP |access-date=2 April 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403112413/http://dgdp.gov.bd/dgdp/AP_TEN/s_doc/2242.pdf| archive-date=3 April 2018| url-status=dead}}</ref> At the same time, another tender was issued for replacing two 40 mm [[DARDO|Fast Forty]] guns on-board [[BNS Bangabandhu]] with new 40 mm twin-barrel gun system.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://dgdp.gov.bd/dgdp/AP_TEN/s_doc/2241.pdf |title=Tender Specification Replacement of 2 X 40 L 70 Naval Gun - BNS Bangabandhu |website=DGDP |access-date=2 April 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403112442/http://dgdp.gov.bd/dgdp/AP_TEN/s_doc/2241.pdf| archive-date=3 April 2018| url-status=dead}}</ref>

In December 2019, the prime minister discussed about the past, present and future development programs for the Bangladesh Navy at the winter passing out parade of the [[Bangladesh Naval Academy]]. She told that the process is going on for procuring more [[corvette]]s, [[minesweeper]]s, oceanographic research ship and sail training ship. Process of [[Bangladesh Navy frigate project|constructing six frigates]] at [[Chittagong Dry Dock Limited|Chittagong Dry Dock]] in collaboration with foreign shipbuilders is also going on. Government has taken initiative for making missiles and [[Identification friend or foe]] system in Bangladesh. She added that, there is a plan to induct more [[maritime patrol aircraft]], [[anti-submarine warfare]] [[helicopter]]s and [[maritime patrol aircraft|long range MPA]] in the near future.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ispr.gov.bd/en/honourable-prime-minister-shiekh-hasina-reviewed-the-winter-president-parade-at-bangladesh-neval-academybns-chottagram/ |title=Honourable Prime Minister Shiekh Hasina Reviewed the Winter President Parade at Bangladesh Naval Academy(BNS), Chottagram |website=ISPR |date=22 December 2019 |access-date=28 December 2019 |archive-date=28 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228044301/https://www.ispr.gov.bd/en/honourable-prime-minister-shiekh-hasina-reviewed-the-winter-president-parade-at-bangladesh-neval-academybns-chottagram/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bangladesh Army]]
* [[Bangladesh Air Force]]
* [[Bangladesh National Cadet Corps (BNCC)]]
* [[Bangladesh Coast Guard]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|Bangladesh Navy}}
* [http://www.navy.mil.bd Bangladesh Navy Official website]

{{Bangladesh topics}}
{{Military of Bangladesh}}
{{Asia topic|Navy of|title=Navies of Asia}}
{{Ministry of Defence (Bangladesh)}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Bangladesh Navy| ]]
[[Category:Government agencies of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1971]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Independence Day Award]]
[[Category:Uniformed services of Bangladesh]]